Antenna radome power reflection calculation method based on near-field radiation and equivalent transmission line theory

Abstract

This invention discloses a method for calculating radome power reflection based on near-field radiation and equivalent transmission line theory, relating to the fields of electromagnetic wave propagation and radome technology. The method includes the following steps: dividing the antenna aperture into several small regions; calculating the incident angle θ on the inner surface using Snell's theorem. i The reflection coefficient is expressed in amplitude and phase form; a multilayer dielectric model is used to accumulate and calculate the reflection path of the radome; the energy flux density of the inner wall of the radome is calculated; and high-precision calculation of the power reflection coefficient of the inner wall of the radome is achieved. This method can effectively optimize the design of the radome, reduce electromagnetic wave reflection and transmission loss, and improve the overall performance of the antenna system. Compared with existing methods, the calculation method of this invention has moderate complexity and high accuracy, and can provide scientific basis and technical support for radome design.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of electromagnetic wave propagation and radome technology, specifically to a method for calculating radome power reflection based on near-field radiation and equivalent transmission line theory. Background Technology

[0002] In antenna systems, radomes protect antenna components from external environmental influences such as wind, rain, and dust, while maintaining the antenna's electromagnetic wave transmission performance. However, the presence of a radome causes electromagnetic wave reflection and transmission loss, leading to a degradation in antenna performance. Existing calculation methods for the power reflection coefficient of the radome's inner wall suffer from insufficient computational complexity and accuracy. Therefore, an improved method is needed to more accurately calculate the power reflection coefficient of the radome's inner wall, thereby optimizing radome design and improving the overall performance of the antenna system.

[0003] In view of this, we propose a method for calculating radome power reflection based on near-field radiation and equivalent transmission line theory. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a method for calculating radome power reflection based on near-field radiation and equivalent transmission line theory, thus solving the problems mentioned in the background section.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a method for calculating radome power reflection based on near-field radiation and equivalent transmission line theory, the method comprising the following steps:

[0006] S1. Divide the antenna aperture into several small regions, and calculate the total electromagnetic field of each small region on the inner wall of the radome using the near-field radiation formula. Specifically, this includes:

[0007] ;

[0008] ;in, It is a radial unit vector. For the surface normal vector, and These are the electric field and the magnetic field, respectively.

[0009] S2. Determine the radiation direction of the electromagnetic wave using the energy flux density formula, and calculate the incident angle at the inner surface using Snell's theorem. ,in:

[0010] ;

[0011] S3. Calculate the electromagnetic wave and its complex reflection coefficient under different polarization conditions using the equivalent transmission line theory and the following formula. The reflection coefficient is expressed in terms of amplitude and phase:

[0012] ;

[0013] S4. Superimpose the reflected field onto the reflected field of the inner wall of the radome to obtain the total reflected field of the inner wall of the radome. Use a multilayer dielectric model to accumulate and calculate the reflection path of the radome.

[0014] S5. Calculate the energy flux density of the inner wall of the radome using the energy flux density formula. The total energy flux density is calculated by substituting the calculated electromagnetic field components into the following formula:

[0015] ;in, and For electric and magnetic fields, ω is the angular frequency.

[0016] S6. Calculate the reflected power based on the energy flux density of the inner wall. The reflected power is a function of the incident power and the reflection coefficient. The specific formula is as follows:

[0017] ;in, For reflected power, For incident power, This represents the amplitude of the reflection coefficient.

[0018] Optionally, when the antenna aperture is divided into several small regions, the size of each small region is optimized according to the geometric characteristics of the inner wall of the antenna radome and the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave.

[0019] Optionally, the energy flux density formula, when used to determine the radiation direction of electromagnetic waves, incorporates the dielectric constant and magnetic permeability of the radome material.

[0020] Optionally, the reflection coefficient calculation step uses transmission line parameters under different polarization conditions to improve the accuracy of the calculation.

[0021] Optionally, in the step of superimposing the reflection field of the inner wall of the radome with the reflection field generated by each reflection path, all possible reflection paths are considered to ensure the completeness and accuracy of the calculation results.

[0022] Optionally, in the step of calculating the reflected power, the reflected power is the product of the incident power and the square of the reflection coefficient amplitude, which is used to measure the reflection characteristics of the inner wall of the radome.

[0023] This invention provides a method for calculating radome power reflection based on near-field radiation and equivalent transmission line theory. It offers the following advantages:

[0024] This method for calculating radome power reflection based on near-field radiation and equivalent transmission line theory improves the accuracy of calculating the power reflection coefficient of the radome's inner wall through precise mathematical models and calculation methods, thereby optimizing radome design and improving the efficiency of the antenna system. It achieves high-precision calculation of the power reflection coefficient of the radome's inner wall. This method can effectively optimize radome design, reduce electromagnetic wave reflection and transmission loss, and improve the overall performance of the antenna system. Compared with existing methods, the calculation method of this invention has moderate complexity and high accuracy, providing a scientific basis and technical support for radome design. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the radome power reflection calculation of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 2 This is a power reflection curve at a frequency of 9.8 GHz according to the present invention.

[0027] Figure 3 This is a power reflection curve diagram of the present invention under different azimuth angles. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] Please see Figures 1-3 This invention provides a technical solution: a method for calculating the power reflection of an antenna radome based on near-field radiation and equivalent transmission line theory, the method comprising the following steps:

[0030] S1. Divide the antenna aperture into several small regions, and calculate the total electromagnetic field of each small region on the inner wall of the radome using the near-field radiation formula. Specifically, this includes:

[0031] ;

[0032] ;in, It is a radial unit vector. For the surface normal vector, and These are the electric field and the magnetic field, respectively.

[0033] S2. Determine the radiation direction of the electromagnetic wave using the energy flux density formula, and calculate the incident angle at the inner surface using Snell's theorem. ,in:

[0034] ;

[0035] S3. Calculate the electromagnetic wave and its complex reflection coefficient under different polarization conditions using the equivalent transmission line theory and the following formula. The reflection coefficient is expressed in terms of amplitude and phase:

[0036] ;

[0037] S4. Superimpose the reflected field onto the reflected field of the inner wall of the radome to obtain the total reflected field of the inner wall of the radome. Use a multilayer dielectric model to accumulate and calculate the reflection path of the radome.

[0038] S5. Calculate the energy flux density of the inner wall of the radome using the energy flux density formula. The total energy flux density is calculated by substituting the calculated electromagnetic field components into the following formula:

[0039] ;in, and For electric and magnetic fields, ω is the angular frequency.

[0040] S6. Calculate the reflected power based on the energy flux density of the inner wall. The reflected power is a function of the incident power and the reflection coefficient. The specific formula is as follows:

[0041] ;in, For reflected power, For incident power, This represents the amplitude of the reflection coefficient.

[0042] When the antenna aperture is divided into several small regions, the size of each region is optimized based on the geometric characteristics of the radome's inner wall and the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave. The energy flux density formula, used to determine the radiation direction of the electromagnetic wave, incorporates the dielectric constant and permeability of the radome material.

[0043] In the reflection coefficient calculation step, transmission line parameters under different polarization conditions were used to improve the accuracy of the calculation. In the step of superimposing the reflection field from the inner wall of the radome with the reflection fields generated by each reflection path, all possible reflection paths were considered to ensure the completeness and accuracy of the calculation results. In the step of calculating the reflection power, the reflection power is the product of the incident power and the square of the reflection coefficient amplitude, used to measure the reflection characteristics of the inner wall of the radome.

[0044] Based on the above calculation methods, the design of the radome can be optimized. By adjusting the geometry and material parameters of the radome, electromagnetic wave reflection and transmission loss can be reduced, thereby improving the overall performance of the antenna system. Optimization design includes selecting materials with low dielectric constant and low loss tangent, optimizing the thickness and shape of the radome, and reducing the impact of multiple reflection paths.

[0045] The above embodiments have detailed the method steps and calculation process of the present invention, making the technical solution of the present invention clearer and easier to understand and implement. This method provides high-precision radome power reflection calculation, which helps optimize radome design and improve the working efficiency and performance stability of the antenna system.

[0046] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for calculating radome power reflection based on near-field radiation and equivalent transmission line theory, characterized in that: The method includes the following steps: S1. Divide the antenna aperture into several small regions, and calculate the total electromagnetic field of each small region on the inner wall of the radome using the near-field radiation formula. Specifically, this includes: ； ； S2. Determine the radiation direction of the electromagnetic wave using the energy flux density formula, and calculate the incident angle at the inner surface using Snell's theorem. ,in: ; S3. Calculate the complex reflection coefficient of electromagnetic waves under different polarization conditions using the equivalent transmission line theory. The reflection coefficient is expressed in terms of amplitude and phase: ; S4. Superimpose the reflected field onto the reflected field of the inner wall of the radome to obtain the total reflected field of the inner wall of the radome. Use a multilayer dielectric model to accumulate and calculate the reflection path of the radome. S5. Calculate the energy flux density on the inner wall of the radome using the energy flux density formula, as follows: ; S6. Calculate the reflected power based on the energy flux density of the inner wall. The specific formula is as follows: .

2. The method for calculating radome power reflection based on near-field radiation and equivalent transmission line theory according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the antenna aperture is divided into several small regions, the size of each small region is optimized according to the geometric characteristics of the inner wall of the antenna radome and the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave.

3. The method for calculating radome power reflection based on near-field radiation and equivalent transmission line theory according to claim 1, characterized in that: The energy flux density formula, when used to determine the radiation direction of electromagnetic waves, incorporates the dielectric constant and magnetic permeability of the radome material.

4. The method for calculating radome power reflection based on near-field radiation and equivalent transmission line theory according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the reflection coefficient calculation step, transmission line parameters under different polarization conditions were used to improve the accuracy of the calculation.

5. The method for calculating radome power reflection based on near-field radiation and equivalent transmission line theory according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step of superimposing the reflection field of the inner wall of the radome with the reflection field generated by each reflection path, all possible reflection paths are considered to ensure the completeness and accuracy of the calculation results.

6. The method for calculating radome power reflection based on near-field radiation and equivalent transmission line theory according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step of calculating the reflected power, the reflected power is the product of the incident power and the square of the reflection coefficient amplitude, and is used to measure the reflection characteristics of the inner wall of the radome.

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