H-type rice-shrimp breeding rice field and method

Abstract

The present invention discloses an H-type rice-shrimp cultivation paddy field and method, wherein the H-type rice-shrimp cultivation paddy field comprises a paddy field body, an H-shaped ditch arranged inside the paddy field body, and a plurality of straight grooves parallel to the H-shaped ditch. The H-type rice-shrimp cultivation method is a rice-shrimp cultivation method implemented based on the H-type rice-shrimp cultivation paddy field, and comprises the following steps: paddy field transformation; paddy field grass planting in the first year; winter management of aquatic plants; crayfish breeding; aquatic plant management; retention of vallisneria; rice harvesting; aquatic plant planting in the second year; repeating the steps of winter management of aquatic plants, crayfish breeding, aquatic plant management, retention of vallisneria, rice harvesting and aquatic plant planting. The advantages of the present invention are: compared with the traditional shrimp-rice intercropping and shrimp-rice co-cultivation technology, it not only solves the problem of difficulty in replacing paddy field water and difficulty in combing grass roads, but also reduces the cost of lawn mowers and labor problems, and also solves the problems of dissolved oxygen at the bottom of paddy fields, hollowing and lack of grass, and lack of grass in early spring.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of aquatic product breeding, and in particular to an H-type rice-shrimp breeding paddy field and a method. Background Art

[0002] The existing methods of breeding crayfish in rice fields include flat rice field breeding (also known as shrimp-rice intercropping, i.e., rice fields without ring ditches or only shallow ring ditches) and shrimp-rice co-cultivation (i.e., with deep ring ditches). However, both methods of breeding crayfish in rice fields have the following problems:

[0003] First, both methods require the planting of Elodea (a type of aquatic plant) in large quantities starting around November each year. During the planting period, a large amount of manpower and money are needed to purchase aquatic plants, that is, the cost of planting aquatic plants is high and the labor intensity is high.

[0004] Second, the aquatic plants planted in both methods grow slowly and are difficult to manage in winter, making it difficult to ensure the amount of aquatic plants needed for early shrimp farming in the second year.

[0005] Third, in both methods, during the middle and late stages of crayfish farming in rice fields from March to May each year, aquatic plants grow wildly, covering the entire surface of the rice fields. The aquatic plants need to be mowed and the paths combed, which makes management difficult and the labor intensity very high.

[0006] Fourth, the Elodea planted in both ways has strong buoyancy from April to May each year, and the aquatic plants often float on the upper layer of the water body, causing the lower layer of the water body to become hollow, which can easily lead to lack of oxygen at the bottom of the rice field, deterioration of water quality, and disease of crayfish.

[0007] Fifth, from April to May every year, the Elodea pond is prone to closure, and the new water added often flows away with the circular ditches around the rice fields. However, the water in the aquatic plant area of ​​the rice fields does not flow, making it difficult to change the aquaculture water body, and the dissolved water caused by the rotting of aquatic plants and straw is difficult to replace. Summary of the invention

[0008] The object of the present invention is to provide an H-type rice-shrimp breeding paddy field and method, which are used to solve the technical problems existing in the background technology.

[0009] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0010] An H-shaped rice-shrimp breeding paddy field comprises a paddy field body, an H-shaped groove arranged inside the paddy field body, and a plurality of straight grooves running through the H-shaped groove in parallel.

[0011] Furthermore, the H-shaped ditch includes two parallel side ditches facing each other and close to the ridge and a connecting ditch connected between the two side ditches; the multiple straight-line grooves are arranged in parallel between the two side ditches and all pass through the connecting ditch.

[0012] Furthermore, the cross-sectional shapes of the side grooves, connecting grooves and straight grooves are all trapezoidal structures that are wide at the top and narrow at the bottom.

[0013] Furthermore, one of the side ditches is connected to an inlet pipe on one side close to the ridge, and the other side ditch is connected to a drainage pipe on one side close to the ridge. The inlet pipe is connected to the inlet channel, and the drainage pipe is connected to the drainage channel. Both the inlet channel and the drainage channel are located outside the rice field body.

[0014] Furthermore, except for the edge close to the ridge, the side ditch is provided with sub-dikes on the edges of the other sides; except for the two sides connecting the two side ditches, the connecting ditch is also provided with sub-dikes on the edges of the other sides; and sub-dikes are also provided on the edges around the I-shaped ditch.

[0015] Furthermore, a filtering device is provided at the inlet of the water inlet pipe.

[0016] Furthermore, anti-escape devices are provided at the entrance of the drainage pipe and at the ridges around the rice field body.

[0017] An H-type rice-shrimp breeding method is a rice-shrimp breeding method based on the H-type rice-shrimp breeding paddy field, comprising the following steps:

[0018] S1. Rice field reconstruction: H-shaped ditches and straight ditches are constructed in the rice fields, not exceeding 10% of the rice field area, and the soil excavated from the construction of the H-shaped ditches and straight ditches is used to heighten and thicken the ridges of the rice fields, so that the ridges of the rice fields are 1.5m higher than the field surface. At the same time, sub-embankments 20cm high and 30cm wide are constructed around the H-shaped ditches and straight ditches, and two mechanized farming roads are constructed or reserved at both ends of one of the side ditches close to the rice fields. Inlet pipes and drainage pipes are installed in the two rice field ridges connected to the two side ditches, and the water inlet pipes are connected to the water inlet channels set outside the rice field ridges, and the drainage pipes are connected to the drainage channels set outside the rice field ridges. Finally, a filtering device is installed at the inlet of the water inlet pipe, and an escape prevention device is installed around the ridge and at the inlet of the drainage pipe.

[0019] S2. Vallisneria and Elodea Planting: Around November of the first year after the rice field transformation is completed, Vallisneria is planted in the H-shaped furrows and the straight furrows, and Elodea is planted in the rice field surface areas except the H-shaped furrows and the straight furrows;

[0020] S3. Winter management of Vallisneria and Elodea: After Vallisneria and Elodea are planted, fertilize them. The type and amount of fertilizer to be applied shall be 8 catties of compound fertilizer per mu, or determined according to the usage method of other waterweed fertilizers purchased. The fertilization method shall be to sprinkle directly on or beside the transplanted grass plants. At the same time, the water level of the rice field shall be kept about 15 cm higher than the height of the planted Elodea waterweed until the crayfish are cultured.

[0021] S4. Crayfish farming: Crayfish farming is carried out from March to May: In early March, 60 to 80 kilograms of crayfish seedlings are placed per mu of rice field area, with 120 to 150 crayfish per kilogram. After the seedlings are placed, crayfish feed is started. The amount of crayfish feed should be such that the crayfish can eat it within 4 hours after feeding. In the first two weeks after the seedlings are placed, 0.5 kilograms per mu are fed on the first day, 1 kilogram per mu on the second day, and 1.5 kilograms per mu on the third day, and gradually increased to 7 kilograms per mu. At the end of the first two weeks, After that, we began to feed 8 kilograms per mu every day until the end of crayfish farming in late May. After the crayfish reached the market specifications, they were caught and marketed using traditional ground traps. During the crayfish farming process, the water level was controlled at around 30 cm from March to early April, and at around 50 cm from mid-April to the end of May. If the water quality deteriorated during the farming process, we adjusted the water quality by changing the water or spraying beneficial bacteria. If bacterial or viral diseases occurred, we sprayed povidone iodine once a day for 2 to 3 consecutive days for treatment.

[0022] S5. Management of Vallisneria and Elodea: During the process of crayfish farming, if the Elodea heads are above the water surface, they need to be cut off and kept 15 cm below the water surface; during the farming process, if Vallisneria and Elodea are dirty, they need to be treated repeatedly with organic acid and Bacillus for 2 to 3 times, preferably at noon on a sunny day; if Vallisneria and Elodea have ciliates, they need to be treated with zinc sulfate heptahydrate for 2 to 3 times;

[0023] S6. Planting rice and retaining Vallisneria: Planting rice from June to October. Before planting rice, remove the Elodea in the rice field surface area except for the H-shaped ditch and the straight ditch, retain the Vallisneria in the H-shaped ditch and the straight ditch, and then plant rice in the rice field surface area except for the H-shaped ditch and the straight ditch;

[0024] S7. Rice harvesting: Harvest rice according to the time nodes of planting and harvesting mid-season rice. At the same time, after the rice is harvested, remove wild fish from the H-shaped and I-shaped ditches in the rice fields;

[0025] S8. Planting Elodea: around November of the second year, replant Elodea in the rice field surface area except for the H-shaped groove and the straight groove in the rice field;

[0026] S9, repeat the operations from step S3 to step S8 to carry out the cycle cultivation of crayfish and rice.

[0027] Furthermore, in S2, the method of planting Vallisneria in the H-shaped groove and the straight groove is: planting Vallisneria plants in the H-shaped groove and the straight groove with a distance of 8 cm between adjacent Vallisneria plants in the front, back, left and right directions, and each Vallisneria plant contains 3 Vallisneria plants.

[0028] Furthermore, in S2, the method for planting Elodea in the rice field surface area other than the H-shaped groove and the straight groove in the rice field is: first, the Elodea is cut into 15 cm stem segments, and then the Elodea plants are planted in the rice field surface with a horizontal interval of 4 m and a vertical interval of 8 m as the spacing distance, and the Elodea plants are planted in the rice field surface area other than the H-shaped groove and the straight groove in the rice field in the form of Elodea discs covering a circular area of ​​50 cm in diameter.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows:

[0030] (1) Compared with the existing rice field farming and shrimp-rice co-cultivation technologies, the H-type rice-shrimp farming technology provided by the present invention significantly reduces labor intensity and labor. Specifically, it reduces labor in planting aquatic plants in November each year and in combing grass paths and mowing grass heads from April to May each year.

[0031] (2) Compared with the existing rice field flat farming and shrimp-rice co-cultivation technologies, the H-shaped rice-shrimp farming technology provided by the present invention significantly reduces economic costs. First, it reduces the labor costs of planting aquatic plants around November each year, the costs of purchasing aquatic plants, the labor costs of mowing grass from April to May of the following year, and the costs of using lawn mowers. Secondly, the rice fields are divided into several areas through H-shaped ditches and straight ditches, which reduces the process of combing grass roads from April to May. The economic cost can be reduced by more than 60%.

[0032] (3) It solves the problem of insufficient aquatic plants (Elodea) when crayfish are planted and cultured in early spring in March. After Vallisneria survives in the first year of planting, it will remain green all year round. It can provide high-quality fresh aquatic plants for cultured crayfish in March every year, which can effectively improve the survival rate of crayfish.

[0033] (4) The problem of floating Elodea and hollowing of the lower layer of the water body during crayfish farming from April to May was solved. By planting Vallisneria sinensis, meadow-type aquatic plants can be formed in the inner ditch (i.e., the straight ditch) and the outer ditch (i.e., the H-shaped ditch), which can meet the problem of dissolved oxygen at the bottom of the water body and provide the crayfish with the growth and shelter. Vallisneria sinensis and Elodea form an upper and lower structure, avoiding the problem of lack of grass in the lower layer of the water body after all the Elodea in the rice field floats.

[0034] (5) It promotes the flow of water in rice fields and facilitates the timely replacement of water quality. Water can be promoted to flow in the middle of rice fields through H-shaped ditches and straight ditches, replacing water quality. This solves the problem that water in the rice fields directly flows away from the ditches around the rice fields in the past, while the water in the rice fields is difficult to replace. It also solves the problem that water in the rice fields does not flow after the water plants in the rice fields are closed in the past. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution in this embodiment, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiment. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0036] Figure 1 It is a plan view of an H-type rice-shrimp farming paddy field provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Middle AA section view;

[0038] Figure 3 It is a flow chart of the H-type rice-shrimp breeding method of the present invention;

[0039] Explanation of the accompanying reference numerals: 1. Rice field body; 2. H-shaped ditch; 201. Side ditch; 202. Connecting ditch; 3. I-shaped ditch; 4. Water inlet pipe; 5. Drainage pipe; 6. Water inlet channel; 7. Drainage channel; 8. Sub-dike; 9. Filter device; 10. Anti-escape device; 11. Mechanized farming road. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] In order to make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects achieved by the present invention easy to understand, the following further describes how the present invention is implemented in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0041] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2 The present invention provides an H-shaped rice-shrimp breeding paddy field, comprising a paddy field body 1, an H-shaped groove 2 arranged inside the paddy field body 1, and three straight grooves 3 running parallel to the H-shaped groove 2. It can be understood that the number of straight grooves 3 can be increased or decreased according to actual needs.

[0042] Specifically, in the embodiment of the present invention, the H-shaped ditch 2 includes two parallel side ditches 201 facing each other and close to the ridge and a connecting ditch 202 connected between the two side ditches 201 .

[0043] Specifically, in the embodiment of the present invention, the three straight grooves 3 are all arranged in parallel between the two side grooves 201 and all penetrate the connecting groove 202 .

[0044] Specifically, in the embodiment of the present invention, the cross-sectional shapes of the side groove 201, the connecting groove 202, and the straight groove 3 are all trapezoidal structures that are wide at the top and narrow at the bottom.

[0045] Specifically, in an embodiment of the present invention, one side of one of the side ditches 201 close to the ridge is connected to an inlet pipe 4, and the other side ditch 201 close to the ridge is connected to a drainage pipe 5, the inlet pipe 4 is connected to the inlet channel 6, and the drainage pipe 5 is connected to the drainage channel 7, and the inlet channel 6 and the drainage channel 7 are both located outside the rice field body 1.

[0046] Specifically, in the embodiment of the present invention, the two side ditches 201 are provided with sub-dikes 8 at the edges on the other sides except the edge close to the ridge of the field. The connecting ditch 202 is provided with sub-dikes 8 at the edges on the other sides except the two sides connecting the two side ditches 201. The edges around the three straight-line ditches 3 are also provided with sub-dikes 8.

[0047] Specifically, in the embodiment of the present invention, a filtering device 9 is provided at the inlet of the water inlet pipe 4 for filtering impurities in the water.

[0048] Specifically, in the embodiment of the present invention, escape prevention devices 10 are provided at the inlet of the drainage pipe 5 and at the ridges around the rice field body 1 to prevent the crayfish from escaping.

[0049] Specifically, the filtering device 9 and the anti-escape device 10 are both prior art, and have the same structure as the filtering device and the anti-escape device in the traditional shrimp-rice farming method, and will not be described in detail here.

[0050] Specifically, in the embodiment of the present invention, a tillage path 11 is provided at the corners of the ridges of the rice field body 1 near the two ends of the water inlet channel 6 to facilitate the tillage machine to enter and exit the rice field.

[0051] See also Figure 3 The embodiment of the present invention further provides an H-type rice-shrimp breeding method, which is a rice planting and crayfish breeding method based on the above-mentioned H-type rice-shrimp breeding paddy field, and specifically comprises the following steps:

[0052] S1, rice field transformation: according to no more than 10% of the rice field area, H-shaped ditch 2 and straight ditch 3 are constructed in the rice field, and the soil excavated from the construction of H-shaped ditch 2 and straight ditch 3 is used to heighten and thicken the ridge of the rice field, so that the ridge of the rice field is 1.5m higher than the field surface, and at the same time, a sub-dike 8 with a height of 20cm and a width of 30cm is constructed around the H-shaped ditch 2 and straight ditch 3, and two mechanized farming roads 11 are constructed or reserved at both ends of one of the side ditches 201 near the rice field, and a water inlet pipe 4 and a drainage pipe 5 are respectively installed in the two rice field ridges connected to the two side ditches 201, and the water inlet pipe 4 is connected to the water inlet channel 6 arranged outside the rice field ridge, and the drainage pipe 5 is connected to the drainage channel 7 arranged outside the rice field ridge, and finally, a filtering device 9 is installed at the inlet of the water inlet pipe 4, and an anti-escape device 10 is installed around the ridge and at the inlet of the drainage pipe 5;

[0053] Taking a 40-mu rice field as an example, an H-shaped ditch 2 and a straight ditch 3 are constructed according to a ratio not exceeding 10% of the rice field area, wherein the H-shaped ditch 2 can be configured to consist of two side ditches 201 with a depth of 1.2m, a width of 4m at the top, a width of 1m at the bottom, and a length of 123m near the ridges on both sides of the rice field body 1, and a connecting ditch 202 with a depth of 1.2m, a width of 4m at the top, a width of 1m at the bottom, and a length of 192m connecting the two side ditches 201; wherein the H-shaped ditch 2 is characterized by a gentle slope; wherein the straight ditch 3 can be configured to be a ditch with a depth of 0.8m, a width of 2.5m at the top, a width of 0.5m at the bottom, and a length of 119m (excluding the intersection with the H-shaped ditch 2) running through the connecting ditch 202; the straight ditch 3 is also characterized by a gentle slope;

[0054] S2. Planting Vallisneria and Elodea: around November of the first year after the rice field transformation is completed, Vallisneria is planted in the H-shaped ditch 2 and the straight ditch 3, and Elodea is planted in the rice field surface area except the H-shaped ditch 2 and the straight ditch 3;

[0055] Wherein, Vallisneria is Vallisneria plant purchased on the market, and Elodea is Elodea plant stem segment purchased on the market; Vallisneria and Elodea are planted by transplanting; Wherein, Vallisneria plants can be planted in H-shaped groove 2 and I-shaped groove 3 in a manner of 8 cm intervals in front, back, left and right between adjacent plants, with 3 Vallisneria plants per plant; Wherein, Elodea plants can be planted in a manner of cutting Elodea into 15 cm stem segments, and then planting Elodea plants on the rice field surface with a horizontal interval of 4 m (i.e., along the side groove 201 direction) and a vertical interval of 8 m (i.e., along the connecting groove 202 direction) as the spacing distance, and planting Elodea plants in the form of Elodea discs covering a circular area of ​​50 cm in diameter in the rice field except for the H-shaped groove 2 and I-shaped groove 3;

[0056] Taking the above 40 mu of rice fields as an example, around November of the first year after the rice field transformation is completed, Vallisneria sinensis is planted in the H-shaped ditch 2 and the straight ditch 3, and Elodea can be planted at a distance of 4m×8m (i.e., one Elodea plant is planted every 4m in the direction of the side ditch 201 and every 8m in the direction of the connecting ditch 202, wherein one Elodea plant is an Elodea disk covering the entire area of ​​a disk with a diameter of 0.5m) in the rice field surface other than the H-shaped ditch 2 and the straight ditch 3;

[0057] S3. Winter management of Vallisneria and Elodea: After Vallisneria and Elodea are planted, they need to be fertilized. The type and amount of fertilizer can be determined according to 8 jin of compound fertilizer per mu, or according to the method of using other purchased aquatic fertilizers; the fertilization method is to sprinkle it directly on or beside the transplanted grass plants; at the same time, keep the water level in the rice field always about 15 cm higher than the height of the planted Elodea aquatic plants until the crayfish are started to be cultivated; in the process of Vallisneria and Elodea management, if moss growth is to be prevented, sodium humate and Bacillus (Bacillus licheniformis or Bacillus subtilis) need to be used for 2 to 3 times of control, and the amount used per mu can be 10 jin of sodium humate and 2 jin of Bacillus;

[0058] Taking the above 40 acres of rice fields as an example, 8 kilograms of compound fertilizer, 10 kilograms of sodium humate and 2 kilograms of Bacillus can be applied to Vallisneria and Elodea per acre.

[0059] S4. Crayfish farming: Crayfish farming is carried out from March to May. In early March, 60 to 80 jin of crayfish seedlings are placed per mu of rice field area, with 120 to 150 crayfish per jin. After the seedlings are placed, crayfish feed is started. The amount of crayfish feed should be such that the crayfish can finish eating it within 4 hours after feeding. In the first two weeks after the seedlings are placed, 0.5 jin of crayfish feed is placed per mu on the first day, 1 jin of crayfish feed is placed per mu on the second day, and 1.5 jin of crayfish feed is placed per mu on the third day, and gradually increased to 7 jin of crayfish feed per mu. The first two weeks are After the end of the breeding season, feed 8 kilograms per mu every day until the end of crayfish breeding in late May; when the crayfish reach the market specifications, they are caught and marketed using traditional ground traps; during the crayfish breeding process, the water level is controlled at around 30 cm from March to early April, and at around 50 cm from mid-April to the end of May; if the water quality deteriorates during the breeding process, adjust the water quality by changing the water or spraying beneficial bacteria; if bacterial or viral diseases occur, spray povidone iodine once a day for 2 to 3 consecutive days for treatment;

[0060] S5. Management of Vallisneria and Elodea: During the crayfish farming process (i.e., March to May), for the Elodea heads that extend beyond the water surface, cut off the grass heads and keep them 15 cm below the water surface. Vallisneria does not need to be cut off. During the farming process, if Vallisneria and Elodea are dirty (i.e., organic matter or inorganic salts are dirty), they need to be treated repeatedly with organic acids and Bacillus (i.e., Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus subtilis) 2 to 3 times. It is best to use them at noon on sunny days. If Vallisneria and Elodea have ciliates, use zinc sulfate heptahydrate to treat them 2 to 3 times.

[0061] Taking the above 40 mu of rice fields as an example, during the crayfish farming process from March to May each year, the Elodea grass heads that exceed the water surface of the rice fields need to be cut;

[0062] S6. Planting rice and retaining Vallisneria: Planting rice from June to October. Before planting rice, remove the Elodea in the rice field surface area except for the H-shaped ditch 2 and the straight ditch 3, retain the Vallisneria in the H-shaped ditch 2 and the straight ditch 3, and then plant rice in the rice field surface area except for the H-shaped ditch 2 and the straight ditch 3;

[0063] Taking the above 40 mu of rice field as an example, during the rice planting process from June to October each year, the Elodea in the rice field surface area except the H-shaped ditch 2 and the straight ditch 3 is first removed, and then rice is planted, and the Vallisneria in the H-shaped ditch 2 and the straight ditch 3 is retained; when preparing the field for transplanting rice seedlings, the field surface only needs to be exposed by normal rainfall, and the field can be prepared for transplanting rice seedlings. During the rice planting period, the traditional medium-season rice planting method can be adopted for management, and a certain water layer is required in the H-shaped ditch 2 and the straight ditch 3 to continue to supply the Vallisneria for growth;

[0064] S7. Rice harvesting: Harvest rice according to the time node of planting and harvesting mid-season rice. After harvesting rice, remove wild fish in the H-shaped ditch 2 and the straight ditch 3 in the rice field. According to the area of ​​water in the ditch, soak 50 catties / mu of tea dregs for 12 hours and then sprinkle them all over. Or use rotenone, and use 700 ml of 7.5% rotenone emulsifiable concentrate per acre per meter of water depth to remove wild fish.

[0065] S8. Planting Elodea: around November of the second year, replant Elodea in the rice field surface area except for the H-shaped groove 2 and the straight groove 3;

[0066] Taking the above 40 mu rice field as an example, after planting Vallisneria and Elodea in the first year, in November of the second year, it is only necessary to replant Elodea in the rice field surface area except for the H-shaped ditch 2 and the straight-line ditch 3, and repeat this operation every year thereafter, that is, except for the first year when Vallisneria and Elodea need to be planted at the same time, the Vallisneria of the first year is retained and Elodea is replanted every year;

[0067] S9. Repeat the operations from step S3 to step S8 to carry out the cycle cultivation of crayfish and rice.

[0068] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made using the contents of the present invention specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly used in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An H-type rice-shrimp breeding method is a rice-shrimp breeding method based on an H-type rice-shrimp breeding paddy field, characterized in that: The H-shaped rice-shrimp breeding paddy field comprises a paddy field body (1), an H-shaped ditch (2) arranged inside the paddy field body (1), and a plurality of straight grooves (3) extending parallel to and running through the H-shaped ditch (2); the H-shaped ditch (2) comprises two parallel side ditches (201) facing each other and close to the ridge, and a connecting ditch (202) connected between the two side ditches (201); the plurality of straight grooves (3) are arranged parallel to and running through the connecting ditch (202); a water inlet pipe (4) is connected to the side of one of the side ditches (201) close to the ridge, and a drainage pipe (5) is connected to the side of the other side ditch (201) close to the ridge; the water inlet pipe ( 4) is connected to the water inlet channel (6), the drainage pipe (5) is connected to the drainage channel (7), the water inlet channel (6) and the drainage channel (7) are both located outside the rice field body (1); the side ditch (201) is provided with a sub-dike (8) at the edges of the other sides except the edge close to the side of the ridge; the connecting ditch (202) is provided with a sub-dike (8) at the edges of the other sides except the two sides connecting the two side ditches (201); the edges of the surrounding areas of the straight-line ditch (3) are also provided with sub-dikes (8); the inlet of the water inlet pipe (4) is provided with a filtering device (9); the inlet of the drainage pipe (5) and the ridges around the rice field body (1) are provided with an escape prevention device (10); The H-type rice-shrimp breeding method comprises the following steps: S1. Rice field reconstruction: H-shaped ditches (2) and straight ditches (3) are constructed in the rice fields, not exceeding 10% of the rice field area, and the soil excavated from the construction of the H-shaped ditches (2) and straight ditches (3) is used to heighten and thicken the rice field ridges, so that the rice field ridges are 1.5m higher than the field surface. At the same time, sub-embankments (8) with a height of 20cm and a width of 30cm are constructed around the H-shaped ditches (2) and straight ditches (3), and sub-embankments (8) with a height of 20cm and a width of 30cm are constructed or left at both ends of one of the side ditches (201) near the rice field. Two mechanized farming roads (11), a water inlet pipe (4) and a drainage pipe (5) are respectively installed in two rice field ridges connected to the two side ditches (201), and the water inlet pipe (4) is connected to a water inlet channel (6) arranged outside the rice field ridge, and the drainage pipe (5) is connected to a drainage channel (7) arranged outside the rice field ridge, and finally a filtering device (9) is installed at the inlet of the water inlet pipe (4), and an anti-escape device (10) is installed around the ridge and at the inlet of the drainage pipe (5); S2. Vallisneria and Elodea planting: around November of the first year after the rice field transformation is completed, Vallisneria is planted in the H-shaped ditch (2) and the straight ditch (3), and Elodea is planted in the rice field surface area except the H-shaped ditch (2) and the straight ditch (3); S3. Winter management of Vallisneria and Elodea: After Vallisneria and Elodea are planted, fertilize them. The type and amount of fertilizer to be applied shall be 8 catties of compound fertilizer per mu, or determined according to the usage method of other waterweed fertilizers purchased. The fertilization method shall be to sprinkle directly on or beside the transplanted grass plants. At the same time, the water level of the rice field shall be kept about 15 cm higher than the height of the planted Elodea waterweed until the crayfish are cultured. S4. Crayfish farming: Crayfish farming is carried out from March to May: In early March, 60 to 80 kilograms of crayfish seedlings are placed per mu of rice field area, with 120 to 150 crayfish per kilogram. After the seedlings are placed, crayfish feed is started. The amount of crayfish feed should be such that the crayfish can eat it within 4 hours after feeding. In the first two weeks after the seedlings are placed, 0.5 kilograms per mu are fed on the first day, 1 kilogram per mu on the second day, and 1.5 kilograms per mu on the third day, and gradually increased to 7 kilograms per mu. At the end of the first two weeks, After that, we began to feed 8 kilograms per mu every day until the end of crayfish farming in late May. After the crayfish reached the market specifications, they were caught and marketed using traditional ground traps. During the crayfish farming process, the water level was controlled at around 30 cm from March to early April, and at around 50 cm from mid-April to the end of May. If the water quality deteriorated during the farming process, we adjusted the water quality by changing the water or spraying beneficial bacteria. If bacterial or viral diseases occurred, we sprayed povidone iodine once a day for 2 to 3 consecutive days for treatment. S5. Management of Vallisneria and Elodea: During the process of crayfish farming, if the Elodea heads are above the water surface, they need to be cut off and kept 15 cm below the water surface; during the farming process, if Vallisneria and Elodea are dirty, they need to be treated repeatedly with organic acid and Bacillus for 2 to 3 times, preferably at noon on a sunny day; if Vallisneria and Elodea have ciliates, they need to be treated with zinc sulfate heptahydrate for 2 to 3 times; S6. Planting rice and retaining Vallisneria: Planting rice from June to October. Before planting rice, first remove the Elodea in the rice field surface area except the H-shaped groove (2) and the straight groove (3), retain the Vallisneria in the H-shaped groove (2) and the straight groove (3), and then plant rice in the rice field surface area except the H-shaped groove (2) and the straight groove (3); S7, rice harvesting: harvesting rice according to the time node of planting and harvesting mid-season rice, and after harvesting rice, removing wild fish from the H-shaped ditch (2) and the straight ditch (3) in the rice field; S8, planting Elodea: around November of the second year, replanting Elodea in the rice field surface area except for the H-shaped groove (2) and the straight groove (3); S9, repeat the operations from step S3 to step S8 to carry out the cycle cultivation of crayfish and rice.

2. The H-type rice-shrimp breeding method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cross-sectional shapes of the side groove (201), the connecting groove (202) and the straight groove (3) are all trapezoidal structures that are wide at the top and narrow at the bottom.

3. The H-type rice-shrimp breeding method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the above S2, the method for planting Vallisneria in the H-shaped groove (2) and the straight groove (3) is as follows: Vallisneria plants are planted in the H-shaped groove (2) and the straight groove (3) at a distance of 8 cm in front, back, left and right between adjacent Vallisneria plants, and each Vallisneria plant contains 3 Vallisneria plants.

4. The H-type rice-shrimp breeding method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the above S2, the method for planting Elodea in the rice field surface area other than the H-shaped groove (2) and the straight groove (3) is as follows: first, the Elodea is cut into 15 cm stem segments, and then the Elodea plants are planted at a spacing of 4 m in the horizontal direction and 8 m in the vertical direction on the field surface of the rice field, and the Elodea plants are planted in the rice field surface area other than the H-shaped groove (2) and the straight groove (3) in the rice field in the form of Elodea discs covering a circular area of ​​50 cm in diameter.

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