Small molecule peptide prebiotic probiotic powder and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the field of food technology, and specifically relates to a small molecule peptide prebiotic probiotic powder and a preparation method thereof. After mixing probiotics, part of fish collagen peptides and stachyose are taken to embed the probiotics, and after freeze-drying and crushing, porous composite probiotics are obtained; inulin and the remaining fish collagen peptides and stachyose are taken to form a gel with the composite probiotics, and lactitol is used for sealing. The small molecule peptide prebiotic probiotic powder provided by the present invention contains fish collagen peptides and stachyose, inulin and lactitol that are beneficial to the human body, and can not only improve the growth activity of bacterial powder as a prebiotic, but also form freeze-drying protection support on the surface of bacterial powder, and can also increase the isolation ability of bacterial bodies from the external environment during storage and consumption, so as to achieve full utilization of materials and reduce the probability of introduction of impurities and miscellaneous bacteria.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of food, and particularly relates to a small molecule peptide prebiotic probiotic powder and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The live bacteria in probiotic products are susceptible to oxygen, light and other factors during processing, storage and transportation, and their survival ability decreases. During oral digestion, the number of live bacteria will be greatly reduced. After entering the intestine, most probiotics are extremely sensitive to bile salts, which will also cause the loss of vitality of some probiotics. This makes the probiotics in many commercial probiotic products unable to produce beneficial effects on the human body. Prebiotics are matrices that can reach the colon and be selectively used by microorganisms and have health benefits. Indigestible carbohydrates, certain peptides, proteins and specific lipids that can reach the colon are considered potential candidate prebiotics. Natural substances such as polysaccharides and polypeptides that can serve as important carbon and nitrogen sources for microbial growth are prebiotics that can induce the growth of beneficial microorganisms. Therefore, the development of prebiotics combined with probiotics that can increase the number of live probiotics, improve the resistance of probiotics to adverse environmental factors such as oxygen, gastric acid, bile, and will not cause damage to the human body has become the focus of current research. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present invention mainly provides a small molecule peptide prebiotic probiotic powder and a preparation method thereof, so as to overcome the problem that the probiotic survival ability and quantity of the bacterial agent products in the prior art are low. The technical scheme is as follows:

[0004] A small molecule peptide prebiotic probiotic powder comprises the following components, measured by weight: 50-80 parts of fish collagen peptide, 150-250 parts of stachyose, 150-250 parts of lactitol, 180-280 parts of inulin and 5-10 parts of compound probiotics.

[0005] Furthermore, the molecular weight of the fish collagen peptide is not greater than 3kDa; the 150-250 parts of lactitol are dihydrated lactitol; and the composite probiotics include several of Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Lactobacillus reuteri, Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus casei, Lactobacillus bulgaricus, Bifidobacterium or Streptococcus thermophilus.

[0006] A preparation method of the above-mentioned small molecule peptide prebiotic probiotic powder comprises the following steps: after mixing the probiotics, taking part of the fish collagen peptide and stachyose to embed the probiotics, freeze-drying and crushing to obtain porous composite probiotics; taking inulin and the remaining fish collagen peptide and stachyose to form a gel with the composite probiotics, and sealing with lactitol to obtain the obtained product.

[0007] Further, the following steps are included:

[0008] a. Dissolve sodium hyaluronate in hot water to obtain a 0.3-1.5 g / L sodium hyaluronate solution, take a portion of fish collagen peptide and place it in the sodium hyaluronate solution and mix thoroughly, then continue to add a portion of stachyose and mix thoroughly to obtain a stock solution;

[0009] b. Add the activated probiotic slurry to glycerol and mix well. Place the mixture in the stock solution and mix thoroughly to obtain a precursor solution.

[0010] c. Dry the precursor solution at 30-38°C to constant weight, irradiate it under 365 nm ultraviolet light to form a gel, and then freeze-dry it at -80--40°C, and crush it to obtain porous composite probiotics;

[0011] d. Disperse inulin, remaining fish collagen peptides and stachyose in hot water, add lactic acid, mix well, add sodium alginate and compound probiotics, mix well, add calcium carbonate, mix quickly, and let stand for 12-24 hours to form a gel;

[0012] e. Heat the lactitol until it melts; dry and crush the gel, then add it to the melted lactitol, control the cooling rate, quickly mix until it solidifies, and grind it to obtain the product.

[0013] Furthermore, the mass ratio of the sodium hyaluronate to the part of the fish collagen peptide in step a is 1:10-20; the mass ratio of the part of the stachyose to the part of the fish collagen peptide in step a is 2-5:1.

[0014] Furthermore, the mass ratio of glycerol to bacterial sludge in step b is 1:4-8; and the concentration of bacterial sludge in the precursor solution in step b is 1-5 g / L.

[0015] Furthermore, the sufficient mixing in step b is stirring at 30-38° C. for 4-6 hours.

[0016] Furthermore, in step d, the mass ratio of inulin to lactic acid is 1:0.05-0.2.

[0017] Furthermore, in step d, the mass ratio of the composite probiotics to sodium alginate is 1:8-15; the concentration of the sodium alginate in the system is 2-8 g / L; and the mass ratio of the calcium carbonate to sodium alginate is 1:5-8.

[0018] Furthermore, in step e, the drying temperature is 30-38° C.; the controlled cooling rate is 5-10° C. / min; and the rapid mixing is stirred at a speed of 800-1500 rpm.

[0019] By adopting the above scheme, the method of the present invention has the following advantages:

[0020] 1. The present invention uses fish collagen peptide, stachyose and sodium hyaluronate to embed the mixed probiotics, forming a fixed support on the surface of the bacteria, protecting the bacteria and reducing the damage to the bacteria caused by freeze drying.

[0021] 2. Before freeze-drying, the stachyose of the present invention interacts with the bacterial surface through the formation of hydrogen bonds, and is cross-linked and gelled with sodium hyaluronate and collagen peptide to form a supporting skeleton, which further protects the vitality of the bacterial body and the integrity of the cell membrane, thereby improving the protective effect on the bacterial body.

[0022] 3. The present invention mixes and compounds various substances including protein peptides, polysaccharides, and sodium hyaluronate to jointly form all-round protection for bacteria, thereby avoiding protection gaps that are easily caused by protection with a single type of substance.

[0023] 4. The present invention coats the freeze-dried bacterial powder with gel and then dries it, forming a secondary coating on the bacteria, so that the bacteria are more completely isolated from the external environment, further reducing the impact of environmental factors on the activity of the bacteria, and improving the resistance of the bacteria to the gastrointestinal environment after taking it.

[0024] 5. The present invention uses lactitol, which can be used as a prebiotic and has a low melting point, to seal the gelled and dried bacterial agent, while maintaining the support space formed after gelling, and sealing some of the holes formed after drying, further reducing the contact between the bacteria and the external environment.

[0025] 6. When using lactitol to seal the bacterial powder, the present invention controls the cooling speed and the stirring rate to reduce the damage of high temperature to the activity of the bacterial powder, while also ensuring that the lactitol can be fully mixed with the bacterial powder to complete the sealing as much as possible.

[0026] 7. The fish collagen peptide, stachyose, inulin and lactitol of the present invention are beneficial to the human body, and can not only act as prebiotics to improve the growth activity of bacterial powder, but also form freeze-drying protection support on the surface of bacterial powder, and can also increase the isolation ability of bacteria from the external environment during storage and consumption, thereby achieving full utilization of materials and reducing the probability of introduction of impurities and miscellaneous bacteria. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] Example 1: (1) Dissolve 1 g of sodium hyaluronate in hot water to obtain a 1 g / L sodium hyaluronate solution, take 10 g of fish collagen peptide and place it in the sodium hyaluronate solution and mix it thoroughly, then continue to add 20 g of stachyose and mix it thoroughly to obtain a stock solution;

[0029] (2) 2 g of Lactobacillus rhamnosus and 2 g of Bifidobacterium sludge obtained after activation were added to 1 g of glycerol, mixed evenly, and placed in a reserve solution, stirred at 35° C. for 5 h, to obtain a precursor solution with a sludge concentration of 3 g / L;

[0030] (3) The precursor solution is dried at 35°C to constant weight, irradiated under 365 nm ultraviolet light to form a gel, and then freeze-dried at -80 to -40°C, and crushed to obtain a porous composite probiotic;

[0031] (4) 180g of inulin, 40g of the remaining fish collagen peptide and 150g of stachyose were fully dispersed in hot water, and 0.05 times the mass of inulin lactic acid was added. After mixing evenly, 50g of sodium alginate and 5g of compound probiotics were added to make the concentration of sodium alginate in the system 2-8g / L. After fully mixing and dispersing, 7.5g of calcium carbonate was added, and the mixture was quickly mixed and dispersed, and then allowed to stand for 12-24h to form a gel;

[0032] (5) Heat 150 g of lactitol until it melts; dry the gel at 35°C and crush it, then add it to the melted lactitol, control the temperature to decrease at a rate of 5°C / min, and quickly stir and mix at a speed of 800 rpm until it solidifies, and grind it to obtain the product.

[0033] Embodiment 2: The difference from Embodiment 1 is that:

[0034] (1) Dissolve 1g of sodium hyaluronate in hot water to obtain a 1g / L sodium hyaluronate solution. Take 20g of fish collagen peptide and place it in the sodium hyaluronate solution and mix it thoroughly. Continue to add 40g of stachyose and mix it thoroughly to obtain a stock solution.

[0035] Embodiment 3: The difference from Embodiment 1 is that:

[0036] (1) Dissolve 1g of sodium hyaluronate in hot water to obtain a 1g / L sodium hyaluronate solution. Take 10g of fish collagen peptide and place it in the sodium hyaluronate solution and mix it thoroughly. Continue to add 50% of stachyose and mix it thoroughly to obtain a stock solution.

[0037] Embodiment 4: The difference from Embodiment 1 is that:

[0038] (2) 4 g of Lactobacillus rhamnosus and 4 g of Bifidobacterium sludge obtained after activation were added to 1 g of glycerol, mixed evenly and placed in a reserve solution, and stirred at 35°C for 5 h to obtain a precursor solution with a sludge concentration of 3 g / L.

[0039] Embodiment 5: The difference from Embodiment 1 is that:

[0040] (4) Disperse 280 g of inulin, 40 g of the remaining fish collagen peptide and 150 g of stachyose in hot water, add 0.05 times the mass of lactic acid as that of inulin, mix well, add 50 g of sodium alginate and 5 g of compound probiotics, so that the concentration of sodium alginate in the system is 2-8 g / L. After fully mixing and dispersing, add 7.5 g of calcium carbonate, mix quickly and disperse, and let stand for 12-24 hours to form a gel.

[0041] Embodiment 6: The difference from Embodiment 1 is that:

[0042] (4) Disperse 180 g of inulin, 70 g of the remaining fish collagen peptide and 150 g of stachyose in hot water, add 0.05 times the mass of lactic acid as that of inulin, mix well, add 50 g of sodium alginate and 5 g of compound probiotics, so that the concentration of sodium alginate in the system is 2-8 g / L. After fully mixing and dispersing, add 7.5 g of calcium carbonate, mix quickly and disperse, and let stand for 12-24 hours to form a gel.

[0043] Embodiment 7: The difference from Embodiment 1 is that:

[0044] (4) Disperse 180 g of inulin, 40 g of the remaining fish collagen peptide and 150 g of stachyose in hot water, add 0.2 times the mass of inulin lactic acid, mix well, add 50 g of sodium alginate and 5 g of compound probiotics, so that the concentration of sodium alginate in the system is 2-8 g / L. After fully mixing and dispersing, add 7.5 g of calcium carbonate, mix quickly and disperse, and let stand for 12-24 hours to form a gel.

[0045] Embodiment 8: The difference from Embodiment 1 is that:

[0046] (4) Disperse 180 g of inulin, 40 g of the remaining fish collagen peptide and 150 g of stachyose in hot water, add 0.05 times the mass of inulin lactic acid, mix well, add 80 g of sodium alginate and 10 g of compound probiotics, so that the concentration of sodium alginate in the system is 2-8 g / L. After fully mixing and dispersing, add 12 g of calcium carbonate, mix quickly and disperse, and let stand for 12-24 hours to form a gel.

[0047] Embodiment 9: The difference from Embodiment 1 is that:

[0048] (5) Heat 250 g of lactitol until it melts; dry the gel at 35°C and crush it, then add it to the melted lactitol, control the temperature to cool at a rate of 5°C / min, and quickly stir and mix at a speed of 800-1500 rpm until it solidifies, and grind it to obtain the product.

[0049] Embodiment 10: The difference from Embodiment 1 is that:

[0050] (5) Heat 150 g of lactitol until it melts; dry the gel at 35°C and crush it, then add it to the melted lactitol, control the temperature to decrease at a rate of 10°C / min, and quickly stir and mix at a speed of 800 rpm until it solidifies, and grind it to obtain the product.

[0051] Embodiment 11: The difference from Embodiment 1 is that:

[0052] (5) Heat 150 g of lactitol until it melts; dry the gel at 35°C and crush it, then add it to the melted lactitol, control the temperature to cool at a rate of 5°C / min, and quickly stir and mix at a speed of 1500 rpm until it solidifies, and grind it to obtain the product.

[0053] Comparative example: 50 g of fish collagen peptide, 170 g of stachyose, 180 g of inulin, 150 g of lactitol, 2.5 g of Lactobacillus rhamnosus powder and 2.5 g of Bifidobacterium powder were mixed to obtain.

[0054] Example sample test:

[0055] The small molecule peptide prebiotic probiotic powder finally obtained in each example was inoculated at an inoculation rate of 5% in MRS culture medium with pH = 3, and the comparative example was used as a control. The culture was carried out at 37 ° C and 120 rpm, and the number of viable bacteria in the samples after culturing for 0, 1, 2, 4, 8, and 24 hours was recorded by the dilution coating plate method. The ratio of the initial number of viable bacteria in each period to that at 0 h was calculated as the survival rate, and the acid resistance of the bacteria in the sample was analyzed.

[0056] Table 1:

[0057]

[0058] Bile salts were added to the MRS culture medium to make the concentration of bile salts in the MRS culture medium to be 3 mg / mL. The small molecule peptide prebiotic probiotic powder finally obtained in each example was inoculated into the MRS culture medium containing bile salts at an inoculation amount of 5%, and the comparative example was used as a control. The culture was carried out at 37° C. and 120 rpm. The number of viable bacteria of the samples cultured for 0, 1, 2, 4, 8, and 24 h was recorded by the dilution coating plate method. The ratio of the initial number of viable bacteria in each time period to that at 0 h was calculated as the survival rate, and the bile salt resistance of the bacteria in the sample was analyzed.

[0059] Table 2

[0060]

[0061] It can be seen from Tables 1 and 2 that in the process of embedding the bacteria, compared with Example 1, the bacterial powder survival rate of Example 2 with more fish collagen peptide added and Example 3 with more stachyose added is high, and the tolerance to acid and bile salts is significantly increased. The amount of bacterial mud added in Example 4 is large, and the survival rate in the acid and bile salt environment is slightly reduced. Compared with Example 1, when the freeze-dried composite probiotics are gelled and mixed with the remaining materials, Example 5 adds more inulin, Example 6 adds more fish collagen, and Example 8 adds more composite probiotics. The products of Examples 5 and 6 have significantly improved tolerance to acid and bile salts, while the survival rate of Example 8 has significantly decreased, which may be that more probiotics are easy to affect the completeness of the coating. The survival rate of the bacterial powder of Example 7 with more lactic acid added decreased, which may be that more lactic acid will reduce the overall pH value of the system and affect the activity of the bacteria. In the sealing process after gelation, the initial survival rate of Example 9, which added more lactitol, was low, and the survival rate increased in the later stage. It may be that the more lactitol in the early stage affected the escape of the bacteria. The cooling speed of Example 10 was faster, and the survival rate decreased faster. The faster cooling speed made the lactitol solidify faster, affecting the sealing effect. The survival rate of Example 11, which had a faster stirring speed, decreased slowly, indicating that fast stirring can promote uniform and complete sealing.

[0062] For those skilled in the art, various other corresponding changes and deformations can be made according to the technical solutions and concepts described above, and all of these changes and deformations should fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing small molecule peptide prebiotic probiotic powder, characterized in that: The composition comprises the following components by weight: 50-80 parts of fish collagen peptide, 150-250 parts of stachyose, 150-250 parts of lactitol, 180-280 parts of inulin and 5-10 parts of compound probiotics; the preparation method comprises the following steps: a. Dissolve sodium hyaluronate in hot water to obtain a 0.3-1.5 g / L sodium hyaluronate solution, take a portion of fish collagen peptide and place it in the sodium hyaluronate solution and mix thoroughly, then continue to add a portion of stachyose and mix thoroughly to obtain a stock solution; b. Add the activated probiotic slurry to glycerol and mix well. Place the mixture in the stock solution and mix thoroughly to obtain a precursor solution. c. Dry the precursor solution at 30-38°C to constant weight, irradiate it under 365 nm ultraviolet light to form a gel, and then freeze-dry it at -80--40°C, and crush it to obtain porous composite probiotics; d. Disperse inulin, remaining fish collagen peptides and stachyose in hot water, add lactic acid, mix well, add sodium alginate and compound probiotics, mix well, add calcium carbonate, mix quickly, and let stand for 12-24 hours to form a gel; e. Heat the lactitol until it melts; dry and crush the gel, then add it to the melted lactitol, control the cooling speed, quickly mix until it solidifies, and grind it to obtain the product.

2. The method for preparing the small molecule peptide prebiotic probiotic powder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The molecular weight of the fish collagen peptide is not greater than 3kDa; the 150-250 parts of lactitol are dihydrated lactitol; and the composite probiotics include several of Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Lactobacillus reuteri, Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus casei, Lactobacillus bulgaricus, Bifidobacterium or Streptococcus thermophilus.

3. The method for preparing the small molecule peptide prebiotic probiotic powder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass ratio of the sodium hyaluronate to the part of the fish collagen peptide in step a is 1:10-20; the mass ratio of the part of the stachyose to the part of the fish collagen peptide in step a is 2-5:

1.

4. The method for preparing the small molecule peptide prebiotic probiotic powder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass ratio of glycerol to bacterial sludge in step b is 1:4-8; the concentration of bacterial sludge in the precursor solution in step b is 1-5 g / L.

5. The method for preparing the small molecule peptide prebiotic probiotic powder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sufficient mixing in step b is stirring at 30-38° C. for 4-6 hours.

6. The method for preparing the small molecule peptide prebiotic probiotic powder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass ratio of inulin to lactic acid in step d is 1:0.05-0.

2.

7. The method for preparing the small molecule peptide prebiotic probiotic powder according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step d, the mass ratio of the composite probiotics to sodium alginate is 1:8-15; the concentration of the sodium alginate in the system is 2-8 g / L; and the mass ratio of the calcium carbonate to sodium alginate is 1:5-8.

8. The method for preparing the small molecule peptide prebiotic probiotic powder according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step e, the drying temperature is 30-38° C.; the controlled cooling rate is 5-10° C. / min; and the rapid mixing is stirred at a speed of 800-1500 rpm.

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