Novel high-performance regenerated polyphenyl plastic building wall material and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of materials, in particular to a novel high-performance regenerated polyphenyl plastic building wall material and a preparation method thereof.The novel high-performance regenerated polyphenyl plastic building wall material is prepared from 35-45 parts of waste polyphenyl plastic particles, 3.5-6 parts of 2-hydroxy-3-carboxyl ethyl benzoate propyl ether and 2-4 parts of 4-amino-5-phosphate-2-phenylpyridine, the composite material is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 12-18 parts of reinforced fibers, 22-28 parts of inorganic filler, 8-12 parts of a flame retardant, 1.5-2.5 parts of a coupling agent and 0.8-1.5 parts of a stabilizer. The regenerated polyphenyl plastic particles in a specific ratio are combined with the glass fibers, and the interface bonding force is improved through a novel organic compound. The tensile strength, the bending strength and the impact strength of the material are remarkably improved, and compared with a traditional regenerated polyphenyl plastic material, the material has obvious advantages.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of building wall materials, and in particular to a novel high-performance recycled polystyrene plastic building wall material and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the acceleration of urbanization, the improvement of people's living standards and the continuous improvement of building quality requirements, modern buildings not only need to have good mechanical properties to withstand various loads and stresses, but also should perform well in durability to ensure the stability and safety of buildings during long-term use. At the same time, people are paying more and more attention to the source of building materials and their impact on the environment. Polystyrene plastics are widely used due to their unique performance characteristics. It has good thermal insulation properties, can effectively reduce the energy consumption of buildings and improve energy efficiency; its plasticity also provides more possibilities for building design and construction. However, with the continuous increase in the consumption of polystyrene plastic products. These waste plastics not only occupy land resources, but also may cause pollution to soil, water and air. Therefore, how to properly dispose of waste polystyrene plastics and turn them into treasures has become an urgent problem to be solved.

[0003] At present, although some recycled polystyrene plastic materials have been used in the construction field, they still have many shortcomings in performance, which limits their wider application. Traditional recycled polystyrene plastic materials are often not strong enough to meet the requirements of building wall bearing capacity. In building structures, walls need to bear their own weight and loads from upper structures such as roofs and floors, and at the same time resist the effects of natural forces such as wind and earthquakes. If the strength of the wall material is insufficient, it may cause the wall to crack, deform or even collapse, seriously affecting the safety and service life of the building. Durability is an important performance indicator of building materials, which is directly related to the long-term use effect and maintenance cost of the building. The problems of recycled polystyrene plastic materials in terms of durability are mainly manifested in the following aspects: First, it is easily affected by environmental factors such as ultraviolet rays, temperature, and humidity, resulting in aging and degradation, which leads to a gradual decline in the performance of the material; second, its impermeability, frost resistance and other properties are poor. After long-term contact with moisture or freeze-thaw cycles, leakage, cracking and other phenomena may occur, affecting the thermal insulation performance and structural integrity of the wall. Most of the existing recycled polystyrene plastic materials are flammable materials, which release a lot of heat and toxic gases during combustion. Although some recycled polystyrene plastic materials may add a small amount of flame retardants, it is often difficult to achieve the ideal fireproof effect. In some high-rise buildings and crowded places, the fireproof performance of building materials is required to be extremely high, and the shortcomings of existing recycled polystyrene plastic materials in this regard limit their application in these fields.

[0004] The development of high-performance recycled polystyrene plastic building wall materials is an important measure to achieve environmental protection and sustainable resource utilization. By recycling and reusing waste polystyrene plastics, we can reduce the pollution of plastic waste to the environment and reduce resource consumption. The development of new high-performance building wall materials is one of the important directions of innovation in the construction industry. At the same time, this also meets the requirements of social development and helps promote the transformation of the construction industry towards a green, low-carbon and sustainable direction.

[0005] In summary, the development of a high-performance recycled polystyrene plastic building wall material has important practical significance. It can not only solve the environmental problems of waste polystyrene plastics and achieve sustainable utilization of resources, but also improve the performance and quality of buildings, promote the innovation and development of the construction industry, and meet market demand and social development requirements. Summary of the invention

[0006] The present invention proposes a novel high-performance recycled polystyrene plastic building wall material and a preparation method thereof. The material comprises the following components in mass ratio: 35-45 parts of waste polystyrene plastic particles, 3.5-6 parts of 2-hydroxy-3-carboxybenzoic acid ethyl ester propyl ether, 2-4 parts of 4-amino-5-phosphate ester-2-phenylpyridine, 12-18 parts of reinforcing fibers, 22-28 parts of inorganic filler calcium carbonate, 8-12 parts of flame retardant aluminum hydroxide, 1.5-2.5 parts of silane coupling agent, and 0.8-1.5 parts of ultraviolet stabilizer; the reinforcing fibers are one or more of glass fibers and carbon fibers.

[0007] Furthermore, the synthesis process of 2-hydroxy-3-carboxybenzoic acid ethyl propyl ether is as follows: in a reactor, p-hydroxybenzoic acid and 3-carboxypropyl ether are added as raw monomers in a molar ratio of 1:1.2, and concentrated sulfuric acid is used as a catalyst for reaction. During the reaction, the viscosity and pH of the reaction system are monitored. After the reaction, it is purified by reduced pressure distillation and vacuum drying to obtain the product.

[0008] Furthermore, the synthesis process of the 4-amino-5-phosphate-2-phenylpyridine is as follows: in a reaction kettle, 2-aminopyridine, 5-chlorophosphate benzaldehyde and N,N-dimethylformamide solvent are mixed, benzoyl peroxide initiator is added, and polymerization reaction is carried out at a temperature of 70°C. After the reaction is completed, the product is obtained by precipitation, filtration and vacuum drying.

[0009] The present invention also provides a method for preparing a novel high-performance recycled polystyrene plastic building wall material, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Raw material pretreatment: sorting, cleaning, and crushing the recycled waste polystyrene plastic into particles, and surface treating the reinforcing fibers; Step 2: respectively mixing 2-hydroxy-3-carboxybenzoic acid ethyl ester propyl ether and 4-amino-5-phosphate-2-phenylpyridine 2-4, and adding a dispersant to prepare an organic compound mixed solution; Step 3: material mixing and molding, the pretreated raw materials and the organic compound mixed solution are sequentially added into a high-speed mixer and mixed evenly, and then transported to an extruder for extrusion molding under specific conditions.

[0010] Furthermore, the surface treatment of the glass fiber in step one is as follows: the surface treatment of the reinforcing fiber in step one is as follows: the glass fiber is immersed in a 3% by mass silane coupling agent ethanol solution for 2 hours, and then taken out and dried in an oven at 80°C for 4 hours; the carbon fiber is immersed in a 5% by mass nitric acid solution for 1 hour, and then rinsed with deionized water to neutrality, and then immersed in a 4% by mass silane coupling agent aqueous solution for 3 hours, and then taken out and dried in an oven at 100°C for 3 hours.

[0011] Furthermore, when mixing the materials in step three, the pretreated waste polystyrene plastic particles, inorganic filler calcium carbonate, flame retardant aluminum hydroxide, silane coupling agent, and ultraviolet stabilizer are first added to a high-speed mixer, mixed at 85°C and a stirring speed of 400 rpm for 35 minutes, and then the organic compound mixed solution is slowly added and stirred for another 25 minutes.

[0012] Furthermore, the screw speed of the extruder during extrusion molding is 110 rpm, the extrusion temperature is 200-220°C, and the pressure is 11 MPa.

[0013] Beneficial technical effects of the invention: The introduction of new organic compounds can significantly improve the flame retardant and mechanical properties of recycled polystyrene plastic materials without significantly increasing costs. The hydroxyl and carboxyl groups in the organic compound 2-hydroxy-3-carboxybenzoic acid ethyl ester propyl ether can react chemically with the active sites on the surface of recycled polystyrene plastic particles to form chemical bonds, thereby enhancing the interfacial bonding force. The long-chain propyl ether part can improve the compatibility and dispersibility of organic compounds in the polystyrene plastic matrix, making the overall performance of the material more uniform and stable. At the same time, its unique molecular structure can also improve the processing performance of the material to a certain extent, reduce the melt viscosity, and facilitate the molding processing of the material; the amino group in 4-amino-5-phosphate-2-phenylpyridine can interact with recycled polystyrene plastic particles to enhance the interfacial bonding of the material; through reasonable pretreatment process and formula design, the recycled material has high performance and expands its application range in the construction field; in the synthesis process of the new organic compound, the purity and performance of the compound are ensured by precisely controlling the reaction conditions (such as raw material molar ratio, temperature, time, catalyst dosage, etc.) and post-treatment steps. During the material mixing process, specific temperature, stirring speed and time are used, and the order of adding part of the raw materials first and then adding the organic compound mixed solution is adopted, so that the components are fully and evenly mixed, thereby improving the overall performance stability of the material. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0014] Example 1 Recycled polystyrene plastic particles obtained through pre-treatment processes such as screening, cleaning, and crushing have a wide range of sources and can effectively realize the reuse of waste resources. The particle size is controlled within a certain range (such as 2-4mm) to ensure that it can be evenly mixed with other components in the subsequent processing process and play a good matrix role.

[0015] 2-Hydroxy-3-carboxylbenzoic acid ethyl ester propyl ether design principle: The hydroxyl and carboxyl groups in the organic compound can react chemically with the active sites on the surface of the recycled polystyrene plastic particles to form chemical bonds, thereby enhancing the interfacial bonding force. The long-chain propyl ether part can improve the compatibility and dispersibility of the organic compound in the polystyrene plastic matrix, making the overall performance of the material more uniform and stable. At the same time, its unique molecular structure can also improve the processing performance of the material to a certain extent, reduce the melt viscosity, and facilitate the molding processing of the material. 4-Amino-5-phosphate-2-phenylpyridine design principle: The amino group can interact with the recycled polystyrene plastic particles to enhance the interfacial bonding of the material. The phosphate group has a flame retardant effect and can form a heat-insulating and oxygen-isolating carbon layer during the combustion process to prevent the spread of flames and improve the fire resistance of the material. The phenyl group can increase the rigidity and heat resistance of the material and improve the comprehensive performance of the material. The introduction of this organic compound can significantly improve the flame retardant and mechanical properties of recycled polystyrene plastic materials without significantly increasing the cost.

[0016] The reinforcing fiber is one or more of glass fiber and carbon fiber. The reinforcing fiber such as glass fiber or carbon fiber is selected, and its length and diameter are optimized (such as glass fiber length is 5-10mm, diameter is 10μm; carbon fiber length is 3-8mm, diameter is 7μm), which can be evenly dispersed in the material system, significantly improving the strength and stiffness of the material. The addition of fiber can effectively bear the load, prevent the expansion of cracks, and improve the mechanical properties and toughness of the material. Including inorganic fillers such as calcium carbonate and talcum powder, which can fill the internal voids of the material, reduce costs, and improve the processing performance and dimensional stability of the material. The particle size of the inorganic filler is controlled within a certain range (such as calcium carbonate particle size is 0.1-0.5μm, talcum powder particle size is 0.05-0.3μm) to ensure good dispersibility and filling effect.

[0017] A proper amount of traditional flame retardants, such as aluminum hydroxide, are also added. Aluminum hydroxide absorbs a lot of heat when it is thermally decomposed, and the released water vapor can dilute the concentration of combustible gas and oxygen, thereby further improving the flame retardant properties of the material and meeting the fire protection requirements of the building. It is used to improve the interface compatibility between inorganic fillers and organic matrices and improve the comprehensive performance of materials. Coupling agents can form chemical bonds between inorganic fillers and organic matrices, enhance the bonding force between the two, and improve the mechanical properties and stability of materials. Adding a proper amount of stabilizers, such as ultraviolet stabilizers, can improve the stability of materials during long-term use and prevent them from aging and degradation. Ultraviolet stabilizers can absorb ultraviolet rays, reduce the damage of ultraviolet rays to materials, and extend the service life of materials.

[0018] The recycled polystyrene plastics are classified and cleaned to remove impurities and surface dirt. Then they are crushed into particles with a particle size of 2-4 mm for standby use. The reinforcing fibers are surface treated, and the fiber surface is etched and activated with appropriate chemical reagents (such as silane coupling agent solution) to improve its bonding strength with the matrix. The treated reinforcing fibers are stored in a dry environment to prevent them from being affected by moisture and affecting their performance. In the reactor, specific raw monomers (raw monomer A1 is p-hydroxybenzoic acid, raw monomer A2 is 3-carboxypropyl ether) and catalysts (catalyst A is concentrated sulfuric acid, the amount is 3% of the total mass of the raw monomers) are added according to a molar ratio of 1:1.2 (raw monomer A1: raw monomer A2). The reaction is carried out at a temperature of 60°C and a stirring speed of 300 rpm for 7 hours. During the reaction, the reaction process is controlled by monitoring the viscosity of the reaction system (using a rotational viscometer to control the viscosity at 50-80 Pa·s), pH (pH value is controlled at 3-4) and other parameters. After the reaction, the product was purified (by vacuum distillation at a vacuum degree of 0.08-0.1 MPa and a temperature of 80-90° C. to remove unreacted raw materials and by-products) and dried (dried in a vacuum drying oven at 60° C. for 12 hours) to obtain a novel organic compound A.

[0019] .

[0020] In another reaction device, raw material monomer B1 (2-aminopyridine), raw material monomer B2 (5-chlorophosphate benzaldehyde) and solvent (solvent B is N,N-dimethylformamide, the amount of which is 50% of the total mass of the raw material monomers) are mixed, and initiator (initiator B is benzoyl peroxide, the amount of which is 2% of the total mass of the raw material monomers) is added. The polymerization reaction is carried out at a temperature of 70°C for 9 hours. After the reaction is completed, a pure new organic compound B is obtained by precipitation (the reaction product is poured into an excess of deionized water for precipitation), filtration, drying (dried in a vacuum drying oven at 80°C for 10 hours) and other processes.

[0021] .

[0022] The synthesized new organic compounds A and B were mixed in a mass ratio of 3:2, and an appropriate amount of dispersant (the dispersant was polyvinyl alcohol, and the amount was 5% of the total mass of the organic compounds) was added, and stirred evenly in a high-speed stirrer at a speed of 800 rpm to form an organic compound mixed solution for standby use.

[0023] Add the pretreated recycled polystyrene plastic particles, reinforcing fibers, inorganic fillers, flame retardants, coupling agents and stabilizers to a high-speed mixer, mix them evenly at 85°C and a stirring speed of 400 rpm for 35 minutes. The reinforcing fibers are one or more of glass fibers and carbon fibers, and then slowly add the organic compound mixed solution prepared in step 2 to the high-speed mixer, and continue stirring for 25 minutes to fully mix the components. The mixed materials are conveyed to the extruder and extruded at a screw speed of 110 rpm, an extrusion temperature of 200-220°C and a pressure of 11MPa. The extruded plates or profiles are cut and processed as needed to obtain the final new high-performance recycled polystyrene plastic building wall material products.

[0024] Example 2 Raw material preparation Recycled polystyrene plastic particles: Collect discarded polystyrene plastic products, wash and crush them to obtain particles with a particle size of 2-3mm, and prepare 100kg.

[0025] Novel organic compound A: Prepared according to the above synthesis method, 5 kg was obtained.

[0026] New organic compound B: 3 kg was obtained after synthesis.

[0027] Glass fiber: 5-10 mm in length, 10 μm in diameter, prepare 10 kg.

[0028] Calcium carbonate filler: particle size is 0.1-0.5μm, prepare 20kg.

[0029] Aluminum hydroxide flame retardant: 10kg.

[0030] Silane coupling agent: 2kg.

[0031] UV stabilizer: 1kg.

[0032] Preparation process Raw material pretreatment: The polystyrene plastic particles are cleaned and crushed to the required particle size, and the glass fiber is surface treated (the glass fiber is immersed in a 3% by mass silane coupling agent ethanol solution for 2 hours, and then taken out and dried in an oven at 80°C for 4 hours) and then dried for use.

[0033] Synthesis and treatment of organic compounds: Prepare new organic compounds A and B separately according to the synthesis process, and mix them evenly to form a solution.

[0034] Material mixing and molding: Add recycled polystyrene plastic particles, calcium carbonate filler, aluminum hydroxide flame retardant, silane coupling agent and UV stabilizer into a high-speed mixer and mix at 80°C and 500 rpm for 30 minutes. Then slowly add the organic compound mixed solution and continue stirring for 20 minutes. Send the mixed materials into the extruder and extrude them at a screw speed of 100 rpm, an extrusion temperature of 180-220°C and a pressure of 10MPa to obtain a building wall material plate.

[0035] Performance Testing Mechanical properties test: The prepared board was subjected to tensile, bending and impact tests using a universal material testing machine. The results showed that the tensile strength reached 3.2MPa, the bending strength was 2.5MPa, and the impact strength was 10kJ / m², which was significantly improved compared to traditional recycled polystyrene plastic materials (tensile strength is generally 1.8MPa, bending strength is 1.2MPa, and impact strength is 6kJ / m²).

[0036] Flame retardant performance test: The flame retardant performance test was carried out in accordance with the national standard GB8624-2012 "Classification of Combustion Performance of Building Materials and Products", and the evaluation was carried out by observing the burning time, flame spread speed and dripping of the material. The test results show that the burning time of the material of the present invention is 40 seconds, the flame spread speed is 0.25m / s, there is no obvious dripping phenomenon, and it can meet the B1 flame retardant standard. The burning time of traditional recycled polystyrene plastic materials is usually more than 60 seconds, the flame spread speed is fast, and there is dripping phenomenon.

[0037] Durability test: The board was placed in an aging test chamber simulating the natural environment for a 60-day durability test, including UV irradiation (intensity of 50W / m², 8 hours per day), humidity changes (humidity cycles between 40%-80%, 4 cycles per day) and temperature cycles (temperature cycles between -10°C and 40°C, 2 cycles per day). After the test, the material's performance retention rate was above 80% (tensile strength retention rate was 82%, bending strength retention rate was 81%, and impact strength retention rate was 83%), showing good durability. The performance retention rate of traditional recycled polystyrene plastic materials under the same test conditions is generally between 60% and 70%.

[0038] Example 3 Raw material preparation and process parameter adjustment Recycled polystyrene plastic particles: particle size is 3-4mm, prepare 120kg.

[0039] New organic compound A: 6kg.

[0040] New organic compound B: 4kg.

[0041] Carbon fiber: 3-8mm in length, 7μm in diameter, prepare 12kg.

[0042] Talc filler: particle size is 0.05-0.3μm, prepare 25kg.

[0043] Aluminum hydroxide flame retardant: 12kg.

[0044] Silane coupling agent: 3kg.

[0045] UV stabilizer: 1.5kg.

[0046] During the raw material pretreatment process, the surface treatment process of carbon fiber was optimized by using different chemical reagents (the carbon fiber was immersed in a 5% nitric acid solution for 1 hour, then rinsed with deionized water to neutrality, and then immersed in a 4% silane coupling agent aqueous solution for 3 hours, and then dried in an oven at 100°C for 3 hours) and treatment methods to further improve the bonding strength between the carbon fiber and the matrix.

[0047] During the material mixing process, the mixing temperature was adjusted to 90°C, the stirring speed was 600 rpm, and the mixing time was 35 minutes (before adding the organic compound solution) and 25 minutes (after adding the organic compound solution).

[0048] The extruder screw speed is 120 rpm, the extrusion temperature is 190-230°C, and the pressure is 12MPa.

[0049] Performance testing and result analysis Mechanical properties test results: tensile strength reached 3.8MPa, bending strength was 3.0MPa, and impact strength was 13kJ / m², which were further improved compared with Example 1, indicating that the mechanical properties of the material can be further improved by optimizing the raw materials and process parameters.

[0050] Flame retardant performance test: the flame retardant effect is also good, meeting the B1 flame retardant standard, and compared with Example 1, the flame spread speed is slower, at 0.20 m / s.

[0051] Durability test: After the aging test, the performance retention rate was above 85% (tensile strength retention rate was 86%, bending strength retention rate was 85%, and impact strength retention rate was 87%), showing better durability, which may be due to the improvement of raw material quality, optimization of process parameters and the excellent performance of carbon fiber.

[0052] It can be seen from the above examples that the novel high-performance recycled polystyrene plastic building wall material and the preparation method thereof of the present invention are feasible and effective, can prepare building wall materials with excellent performance, and have broad application prospects. In actual production, the raw material formula and process parameters can be appropriately adjusted and optimized according to specific needs and production conditions to obtain the best product performance.

Claims

1. A new type of high-performance recycled polystyrene plastic building wall material, characterized by , comprising the following components in mass ratio: 35-45 parts of waste polystyrene plastic particles, 3.5-6 parts of 2-hydroxy-3-carboxybenzoic acid ethyl ester propyl ether, 2-4 parts of 4-amino-5-phosphate-2-phenylpyridine, 12-18 parts of reinforcing fibers, 22-28 parts of inorganic filler calcium carbonate, 8-12 parts of flame retardant aluminum hydroxide, 1.5-2.5 parts of silane coupling agent, and 0.8-1.5 parts of ultraviolet stabilizer; the reinforcing fibers are one or more of glass fibers and carbon fibers.

2. The novel high-performance recycled polystyrene plastic building wall material according to claim 1 is characterized in that The synthesis process of 2-hydroxy-3-carboxybenzoic acid ethyl ester propyl ether is as follows: in a reactor, p-hydroxybenzoic acid and 3-carboxypropyl ether are added as raw monomers in a molar ratio of 1:1.2, and concentrated sulfuric acid is used as a catalyst for reaction. The viscosity and pH of the reaction system are monitored during the reaction. After the reaction is completed, it is purified by reduced pressure distillation and vacuum drying to obtain.

3. The new high-performance recycled polystyrene plastic building wall material according to claim 1 is characterized in that The synthesis process of 4-amino-5-phosphate-2-phenylpyridine is as follows: in a reaction kettle, 2-aminopyridine, 5-chlorophosphate benzaldehyde and N,N-dimethylformamide solvent are mixed, benzoyl peroxide initiator is added, and polymerization reaction is carried out at a temperature of 70°C. After the reaction is completed, the product is obtained by precipitation, filtration and vacuum drying.

4. The method for preparing the novel high-performance recycled polystyrene plastic building wall material according to claim 1, characterized in that , including the following steps: Step 1: Raw material pretreatment: sorting, cleaning, and crushing the recycled waste polystyrene plastic into particles, and surface treating the reinforcing fibers; Step 2: respectively mixing 2-hydroxy-3-carboxybenzoic acid ethyl ester propyl ether and 4-amino-5-phosphate-2-phenylpyridine 2-4, and adding a dispersant to prepare an organic compound mixed solution; Step 3: material mixing and molding, the pretreated raw materials and the organic compound mixed solution are sequentially added into a high-speed mixer and mixed evenly, and then transported to an extruder for extrusion molding under specific conditions.

5. The preparation method according to claim 4, characterized in that In step 1, the surface treatment of the reinforcing fiber is as follows: the glass fiber is immersed in a 3% silane coupling agent ethanol solution for 2 hours, and then taken out and dried in an oven at 80°C for 4 hours; the carbon fiber is immersed in a 5% nitric acid solution for 1 hour, and then rinsed with deionized water to neutrality, and then immersed in a 4% silane coupling agent aqueous solution for 3 hours, and then taken out and dried in an oven at 100°C for 3 hours.

6. The preparation method according to claim 4, characterized in that When mixing the materials in step 3, the pretreated waste polystyrene plastic particles, inorganic filler calcium carbonate, flame retardant aluminum hydroxide, silane coupling agent, and ultraviolet stabilizer are first added to the high-speed mixer, mixed at 85°C and a stirring speed of 400 rpm for 35 minutes, and then the organic compound mixed solution is slowly added and stirred for 25 minutes.

7. The preparation method according to claim 4, characterized in that The screw speed of the extruder during extrusion molding is 110 rpm, the extrusion temperature is 200-220°C, and the pressure is 11MPa.