Surveying and mapping instrument based on satellite positioning system and its image surveying and mapping system

Abstract

The present invention provides a surveying instrument based on a satellite positioning system and an image surveying system thereof, and relates to the field of surveying and mapping. The present invention includes a surveying instrument, a positioning structure is installed at the bottom of the surveying instrument, a supporting structure is installed at the positioning structure, and the supporting structure includes a supporting frame 1; the positioning structure includes a fixing plate 2, a fixing plate 3 is rotatably connected to the bottom of the fixing plate 2, a flow guide 1 is rotatably sleeved on the outer side of the fixing plate 3, and a liquid storage part is connected to one side of the flow guide 1. The user only needs to control the liquid storage part and the flow guide 2 to drive the surveying instrument to rotate, and press buttons 1 and 2 in time to complete the position adjustment of the surveying instrument, thereby reducing the time wasted by the staff operating the tripod and needing to adjust it multiple times to make the surveying instrument parallel to the horizontal plane, and can also avoid the staff operating the tripod after it contacts the ground, thereby reducing the possibility of the staff contacting ground pollutants.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a surveying and mapping instrument, in particular to a surveying and mapping instrument based on a satellite positioning system and an image surveying and mapping system thereof, belonging to the technical field of surveying and mapping. Background Art

[0002] Engineering surveying technology refers to various instruments required for orientation, distance, angle, height and photogrammetry work during the planning, design, construction and management stages of engineering construction. The service areas include construction, water conservancy, transportation, mining and other departments. Its basic content includes mapping and layout.

[0003] During the measurement process, a surveying instrument will be used to collect data. For example, the present invention with existing patent application number: 202110539800.0 belongs to the technical field of surveying instruments, specifically a surveying instrument based on a satellite positioning system, including a support plate, a surveying instrument body is fixedly connected to the top of the support plate; a level is fixedly connected to the top of the support plate.

[0004] Taking the above-mentioned surveying instrument as an example, existing surveying instruments usually use a tripod-like device to support the surveying instrument. When the surveying instrument needs to be kept parallel to the horizontal plane, it takes a long time to adjust the length of each leg of the tripod to meet the working needs of the surveying instrument, which will lead to a waste of time and affect the surveying speed. In addition, it is difficult to manually adjust the surveying instrument to a horizontal state, which affects the surveying accuracy. Summary of the invention

[0005] To solve the above problems, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: a surveying instrument based on a satellite positioning system and an image surveying system thereof, comprising a surveying instrument, a positioning structure is installed at the bottom of the surveying instrument, the positioning structure is installed with a supporting structure, the supporting structure comprises a supporting frame 1; the positioning structure comprises a fixing plate 2, a fixing plate 3 is rotatably connected to the bottom of the fixing plate 2, a flow guide 1 is rotatably sleeved on the outer side of the fixing plate 3, one side of the flow guide 1 is connected to a liquid storage part, the fixing plate 3 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the fixing plate 3, an iron ring is fixedly connected to the inside of the supporting frame 3, and the inside of the supporting frame 3 A support frame four is rotatably arranged, an electromagnet one is fixedly installed on the outer side of the support frame four, electromagnets two are arranged on both sides of the support frame three, a reserved slot two is opened on one side of the electromagnet two, a clamping plate is arranged on the side of the reserved slot two close to the support frame three, two pneumatic telescopic rods are fixedly connected to one side of the clamping plate, a guide piece three is fixedly connected inside the support frame three, the pneumatic telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the guide piece three, a support frame six is ​​fixedly connected to the side of the electromagnet two away from the support frame three, the support frame six is ​​rotatably connected to the support frame four, and an angle sensor is arranged on one side of the support frame six.

[0006] Preferably, the support frame four is fixedly connected to the inside of the support frame one, and storage grooves are opened on both sides of the support frame three. The clamping plate is partially arranged inside the adjacent storage grooves, and two return springs are fixedly connected between the clamping plate and the guide member three.

[0007] Preferably, a flow guide piece 2 is fixedly connected between the flow guide piece 1 and the fixed plate 2, a plurality of reserved slots 5 are opened on the outer side of the flow guide piece 2, the liquid storage piece is fixedly sleeved on the outer side of the flow guide piece 2 and arranged on the outer side of the plurality of reserved slots 5, a button 2 is fixedly connected to the flow guide piece 2, a plurality of reserved slots 4 are opened on the outer side of the fixed plate 3, and a button 1 is fixedly connected to the fixed plate 3.

[0008] Preferably, a support frame five is rotatably sleeved on the outer side of the electromagnet two, a fixing plate four is fixedly connected between the support frame five and the support frame one, and a threaded hole two is opened on the outer side of the fixing plate four.

[0009] Preferably, a weight-increasing plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the support frame six, a measuring mark plate is fixedly connected to the side of the support frame six away from the support frame three, the measuring mark plate is rotatably connected to the support frame four, and the measuring mark plate is arranged on one side of the angle sensor.

[0010] Preferably, the support frame is threadedly connected with an operating screw, the outer side of the support frame is fixedly connected to a limiting tube, one end of the operating screw passes through the limiting tube and is arranged inside the support frame, one end of the operating screw is fixedly connected with a pull wire, one end of the pull wire is rotatably connected to a transmission plate, and one side of the transmission plate is fixedly connected to an insertion rod.

[0011] Preferably, a fixing plate 1 is sleeved on the outer side of the pull wire, a support spring is fixedly connected between the fixing plate 1 and the transmission plate, a support frame 2 is fixedly connected inside the support frame 1, and the support frame 2 passes through the transmission plate and the fixing plate 1.

[0012] Preferably, a short tube is fixedly connected to the guide member three, a reserved slot three is opened on the support frame three, the inner diameter of the short tube is the same as the inner diameter of the reserved slot three, the short tube is arranged at one end of the insertion rod, and the inner diameter of the short tube is the same as the outer diameter of the insertion rod.

[0013] Preferably, a plurality of threaded holes are provided at the bottom of the outer side of the support frame, reserved slots are provided on both sides of the support frame, the three parts of the support frame are arranged between the two reserved slots, a rotating part is provided inside the reserved slot, and the rotating part is rotatably connected to the support frame.

[0014] The image mapping system of the surveying instrument includes a display, wherein the display is provided with an image mapping system, and the image mapping system includes a light detection module, a noise collection module, an image preprocessing module, an image feature extraction module, a feature matching module, a feature calculation module, a model building module, an inclination recording module, an image adjustment model and a positioning data analysis model.

[0015] The present invention provides a surveying and mapping instrument based on a satellite positioning system and an image surveying and mapping system thereof, which have the following beneficial effects:

[0016] The surveying instrument based on the satellite positioning system and its image surveying system can quickly put the surveying instrument into working state. The user only needs to control the liquid storage part and the guide part 2 to drive the surveying instrument to rotate, and press the button 1 and the button 2 at the right time to complete the position adjustment of the surveying instrument, thereby reducing the time wasted by the staff operating the tripod and needing to adjust it multiple times to make the surveying instrument parallel to the horizontal plane. It can also avoid the staff operating the tripod after it contacts the ground, thereby reducing the possibility of the staff contacting the ground pollutants.

[0017] The surveying and mapping instrument based on the satellite positioning system and its image surveying and mapping system, after the angle sensor detects data and feeds back to the display in real time, the display can calculate the inclination angle between the working position of the surveying and mapping instrument and the horizontal plane according to the final rotation angle of the measuring mark detected by the angle sensor after the support frame is stationary for six seconds, so that the staff can directly understand the inclination angle of the working position of the surveying and mapping instrument, and decide whether to replace the tripod installed on the supporting structure according to the inclination angle and the working time of the surveying and mapping instrument, so as to avoid the displacement of the surveying and mapping instrument under the action of gravity during the working process of the surveying and mapping instrument, and ensure the stability of the surveying and mapping instrument.

[0018] The surveying instrument based on the satellite positioning system and its image surveying system control the electromagnet 2 to stop working so that the support frame 6 can resume the rotatable state. When the surveying instrument is working to scan and collect image data, the angle sensor is controlled to stop working to monitor the rotation angle of the measuring target plate. When the surveying instrument tilts during operation due to vibration, wind force, collapse of the grounding position and other reasons, the angle sensor provides data for calculating the real-time tilt angle of the surveying instrument. When a small range of tilt occurs during the operation of the surveying instrument, the surveying instrument can continue to work. Subsequently, when the image surveying system generates a model according to the image data scanned by the surveying instrument, the three-dimensional surveying model is automatically corrected according to the tilt angle data provided by the angle sensor to ensure the smooth operation of the surveying instrument. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the partial structure of the support frame 1 of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the support frame 5 of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the support frame 4 of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of part B;

[0024] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the flow guide member 2 of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the C part structure;

[0026] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of a fixing plate 1 of the present invention;

[0027] Fig. 9 Schematic diagram of the image mapping system of the present invention.

[0028] Explanation of the reference numerals: 1. Support structure; 11. Support frame 1; 12. Threaded hole 1; 13. Reserved slot 1; 14. Rotating member 1; 15. Operating screw; 16. Limiting tube; 17. Pull wire; 18. Transmission plate; 19. Support frame 2; 110. Fixed plate 1; 111. Support spring; 112. Insert rod; 2. Positioning structure; 21. Fixed plate 2; 23. Fixed plate 3; 24. Button 1; 25. Guide member 1; 26. Guide member 2; 27. Button 2; 28. Liquid storage member; 29. ​​Support frame 3; 210. Support frame 4; 211. Electromagnet 1; 212. Support frame 5; 213. Fixed plate 4; 214. Threaded hole 2; 215. Electromagnet 2; 216. Reserved slot 2; 217. Weight gain Plate; 218, support frame six; 219, guide piece three; 220, storage slot; 221, pneumatic telescopic rod; 222, reset spring; 223, snap-in plate; 224, short tube; 225, reserved slot three; 226, angle sensor; 227, reserved slot four; 229, reserved slot five; 230, measuring mark; 231, iron ring; 3, image mapping system; 31, light detection module; 32, noise collection module; 33, image preprocessing module; 34, image feature extraction module; 35, feature matching module; 36, feature calculation module; 37, model building module; 38, inclination recording module; 39, image adjustment model; 310, positioning data analysis model; 4, surveying instrument; 5, display. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The embodiment of the present invention provides a surveying and mapping instrument based on a satellite positioning system and an image surveying and mapping system thereof.

[0030] See also Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Fig. 9 , including a surveying instrument 4, a positioning structure 2 is installed at the bottom of the surveying instrument 4, the positioning structure 2 is installed with a supporting structure 1, the supporting structure 1 includes a supporting frame 11; the positioning structure 2 includes a fixing plate 21, the fixing plate 21 is rotatably connected to a fixing plate 3 23 at the bottom, a guide piece 25 is rotatably sleeved on the outer side of the fixing plate 3 23, a liquid storage piece 28 is connected to one side of the guide piece 25, a supporting frame 3 29 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the fixing plate 3 23, an iron ring 231 is fixedly connected to the inside of the supporting frame 3 29, a supporting frame 4 210 is rotatably arranged inside the supporting frame 3 29, an electromagnet 211 is fixedly installed on the outer side of the supporting frame 4 210, and the supporting frame Electromagnet two 215 is provided on both sides of the three 29, and a reserved slot two 216 is opened on one side of the electromagnet two 215, and a clamping plate 223 is provided on the side of the reserved slot two 216 close to the support frame three 29, and two pneumatic telescopic rods 221 are fixedly connected to one side of the clamping plate 223, and a guide piece three 219 is fixedly connected inside the support frame three 29, and the pneumatic telescopic rod 221 is fixedly connected to the guide piece three 219, and the electromagnet two 215 is fixedly connected to a support frame six 218 on the side away from the support frame three 29, and the support frame six 218 is rotatably connected to the support frame four 210, and an angle sensor 226 is provided on one side of one of the support frames six 218.

[0031] Embodiment 1: A plurality of threaded holes 12 are provided at the bottom of the outer side of a support frame 11, and the plurality of threaded holes 12 are used to install a tripod using bolts. After the tripod is installed on the outer side of the support frame 11, the tripod is opened and placed on the ground to support the support structure 1. The support structure 1 supports the positioning structure 2, and the positioning structure 2 supports the surveying instrument 4. After the tripod is placed stably, the surveying instrument 4 and the display 5 installed on one side of the surveying instrument 4 can be powered on, and then the surveying instrument consisting of the positioning structure 2, the surveying instrument 4, the display 5, the support structure 1 and the tripod installed on the support structure 1 is placed in a working position.

[0032] Since the support frame 11 is fixedly connected to the support frame 4 210, the support frame 6 218 in the positioning structure 2 is rotatably connected to the support frame 4 210, at this time, the support frame 6 218 is not limited to rotate, and the bottom of the support frame 6 218 is fixedly connected to the weight-increasing plate 217, and the weight-increasing plate 217 plays a role in increasing weight, so that the support frame 6 218 and the weight-increasing plate 217 are perpendicular to the horizontal plane under the influence of gravity, and the weight-increasing plate 217 and the support frame 6 218 enter a static suspended state; and the support frame 6 218 The fixedly connected electromagnet 215 is sleeved on the outside of the support frame 4 210, and the center line of the electromagnet 215 is on the same straight line as the center line of the support frame 4 210, so the support frame 6 218 applies a rotational force to the electromagnet 215, and a fixed plate 4 213 is fixedly connected between the support frame 5 212 and the support frame 11 that are rotatably sleeved on the outside of the electromagnet 215. Under the support of the fixed plate 4 213 and the support frame 5 212, the electromagnet 215 can rotate synchronously with the support frame 6 218;

[0033] After waiting for a while to provide sufficient time for the weight-increasing plate 217 and the support frame six 218 to be still, press the button one 24 fixedly connected to the bottom of the fixed plate three 23. After the display 5 electrically connected to the button one 24 receives the feedback from the button one 24, the display 5 controls the electrically connected electromagnet two 215 to work. The electromagnet two 215 works and is fixed to the outside of the support frame four 210 through magnetic adsorption. At this time, the support frame six 218 fixedly connected to the electromagnet two 215 is fixed, and the relative position between the support frame six 218 and the support frame one 11 no longer changes.

[0034] Then, the user holds the liquid storage member 28. Since the guide member 26 is fixedly connected between the guide member 1 25 and the fixed plate 21, and a plurality of reserved slots 5 229 are provided on the outer side of the guide member 26, the liquid storage member 28 that is held firmly is fixedly sleeved on the outer side of the guide member 26 and is provided on the outer side of the plurality of reserved slots 5 229, so the medium inside the liquid storage member 28 enters the inside of the guide member 2 26 through the reserved slots 5 229, and the guide member 2 26 is fixed and communicated with the guide member 1 25 that is rotatably sleeved on the outer side of the fixed plate 3 23, and a plurality of reserved slots 4 227 are provided on the outer side of the fixed plate 3 23. Figure 2As shown, the medium enters the interior of the fixed plate three 23 through the guidance of the guide piece two 26, the guide piece one 25 and the plurality of reserved empty slots four 227. At this time, the internal pressure of the fixed plate three 23 increases, and the guide piece three 219 fixedly connected to the inside of the support frame three 29 is connected to the interior of the fixed plate three 23, so the internal pressure of the guide piece three 219 increases, and the internal pressure of the pneumatic telescopic rod 221 fixedly connected to the guide piece three 219 increases, so that the pneumatic telescopic rod 221 is in a power storage state, and two pneumatic telescopic rods 221 are fixedly connected on both sides of the guide piece three 219, and a clamping plate 223 is fixedly connected between the piston ends of the two pneumatic telescopic rods 221 on the same side. At this time, after one end of the clamping plate 223 leaves the storage slot 220 provided in the support frame three 29, one end of the clamping plate 223 abuts against the adjacent electromagnet two 215;

[0035] Then, the user pushes the guide member 26 while holding the liquid storage member 28 tightly. Since the top of the fixing plate 21 to which one end of the guide member 26 is fixedly connected is used to install the surveying instrument 4, when pushing the guide member 26, force is applied to the state in which it moves toward the top of the surveying instrument 4 and is parallel to the horizontal plane. The fixing plate 21 drives the support frame 3 29 through the fixing plate 3 23, so that the support frame 3 29 rotates outside the support frame 4 210, and the support frame 3 29 drives the clamping plate 223 to rotate synchronously. When one end of the clamping plate 223 is aligned with the reserved slot 216 provided by the electromagnet 215, as shown in FIG. Figure 4 As shown, one end of the clamping plate 223 loses its obstruction, and the gas pressure telescopic rod 221 storing force pushes the clamping plate 223 into the reserved slot 216. At this time, the electromagnet 215 is fixed to the outside of the support frame 4 210 by magnetic force. The clamping plate 223 clamped between the electromagnet 215 and the support frame 3 29 plays a role in limiting the support frame 3 29. At this time, the rotation of the support frame 3 29 is restricted. After the user feels the increase in operating resistance, he presses the button 27 fixedly connected to the top of the guide member 26 with the thumb of the hand holding the liquid storage member 28. After the display 5 electrically connected to the button 27 receives the feedback from the button 27, the display 5 controls the electrically connected electromagnet 1 211 to work. Since the electromagnet 1 211 is fixedly installed on the outside of the support frame 4 210, the electromagnet 1 211 is in a fixed state at this time. The electromagnet 1 211 is also arranged inside the iron ring 231 fixedly connected to the inside of the support frame 3 29, as shown in FIG. Figure 4As shown, the electromagnet 1 211 is fixed together with the iron ring 231 through magnetic force. At this time, the support frame 3 29 is limited and cannot rotate. At this time, the state between the support frame 3 29 and the support frame 6 218 is restored, and the square plate part in the middle of the support frame 3 29 is perpendicular to the horizontal plane. The top of the fixing plate 3 23 and the top of the fixing plate 21 installed on the top of the support frame 3 29 are parallel to the horizontal plane. The top of the surveying instrument 4 is parallel to the horizontal plane, and the calibration work between the surveying instrument 4 and the horizontal plane can be completed, and the surveying instrument 4 can be quickly put into working state. The user only needs to control the liquid storage part 28 and the guide part 2 26 to drive the surveying instrument 4 to rotate, and press the button 1 24 and the button 2 27 at the right time to complete the position adjustment of the surveying instrument 4, reducing the situation where the staff needs to adjust the tripod multiple times to make the surveying instrument 4 parallel to the horizontal plane, resulting in a waste of time, and can also avoid the staff from operating the tripod after it contacts the ground, reducing the possibility of the staff contacting the ground pollutants.

[0036] Finally, the liquid storage part 28 is released, and the liquid storage part 28 rebounds, the internal pressure of the guide part 26, the fixed plate 3 23, and the support frame 3 29 is restored, the pressure of the pneumatic telescopic rod 221 is restored, and the clamping plate 223 loses support. At this time, the two return springs 222 fixedly connected between the clamping plate 223 and the guide part 3 219 rebound, and the return spring 222 drives one end of the clamping plate 223 back to the inside of the storage groove 220.

[0037] Embodiment 2: Before placing the surveying and mapping instrument at the working position, place the surveying and mapping instrument on the horizontal ground, then directly hold the guide piece 26 and push it, adjust the position of the support frame 3 29, so that the position of the support frame 3 29 is roughly aligned with the operating screw 15 threadedly connected to the support frame 1 11, and then rotate the operating screw 15 to rotate the operating screw 15 until the moving operating screw 15 abuts against the limit tube 16 fixedly connected to the outside of the support frame 1 11, and stop rotating the operating screw 15. At this time, the operating screw 15 is set at one end inside the support frame 11. The fixedly connected pull wire 17 loses its pulling force, and the transmission plate 18 rotatably connected at one end of the pull wire 17 loses its pulling limit; because a fixed plate 110 is sleeved on the outside of the pull wire 17, a support spring 111 is fixedly connected between the fixed plate 110 and the transmission plate 18, and a support frame 2 19 fixedly connected inside the support frame 11 penetrates the transmission plate 18 and the fixed plate 110, and the support frame 2 19 is fixedly connected to the fixed plate 110, so at this time, the support spring 111 fixedly connected between the fixed plate 110 and the transmission plate 18 applies a thrust to the transmission plate 18, The insertion rod 112 fixedly connected to one end of the transmission plate 18 is pressed against the support frame three 29, and then the support frame three 29 is pushed back and forth with a small amplitude, so that the reserved slot three 225 on the support frame three 29 is aligned with the insertion rod 112, and the support spring 111 pushes the insertion rod 112 through the transmission plate 18, so that one end of the insertion rod 112 is inserted into the reserved slot three 225. At this time, the insertion rod 112 limits the rotation of the support frame three 29 with the support frame four 210 as the axis, so that the support frame three 29 is vertically arranged inside the support frame one 11, and the support frame three 29 is arranged vertically to the horizontal plane. Then, the button 1 24 is pressed to make the display 5 control the electrically connected electromagnet 215 to work. The electromagnet 215 is fixed to the support frame 4 210 by magnetic attraction. Then, the electrically connected angle sensor 226 is controlled to work by the display 5. A measuring plate 230 is fixedly connected to the side of the support frame 6 218 away from the support frame 3 29. The measuring plate 230 is rotatably connected to the support frame 4 210 and is arranged on the detection path of the angle sensor 226. At this time, the relative position between the angle sensor 226 and the measuring plate 230 is in an initial state.

[0038] Subsequently, the surveying and mapping instrument is placed in the working position, and then the fixing plate three 23 is pressed again, so that the display 5 controls the electrically connected electromagnet two 215 to stop working. At this time, the support frame six 218 and the weight-increasing plate 217 rotate outside the support frame four 210 under the action of gravity. Finally, the support frame six 218 and the weight-increasing plate 217 are perpendicular to the horizontal plane, and the measuring target plate 230 rotates synchronously with the support frame six 218. The angle sensor 226 detects the change in the rotation angle of the measuring target plate 230 during the rotation process. Since the support frame three 29 and the support frame six 218 are both perpendicular to the horizontal plane in the initial state, the rotation angle of the measuring target plate 230 is the rotation angle of the support frame six 218. Angle, and during this process, the support frame three 29 will not rotate, so after the angle sensor 226 detects data and feeds back to the display 5 in real time, the display 5 can calculate the inclination angle between the working position of the surveying and mapping instrument and the horizontal plane according to the final rotation angle of the measuring target plate 230 detected by the angle sensor 226 after the support frame six 218 is stationary, so as to facilitate the staff to directly understand the inclination angle of the working position of the surveying and mapping instrument, and decide whether to replace the tripod supporting structure 1 according to the inclination angle and the working time of the surveying and mapping instrument, so as to avoid the displacement of the surveying and mapping instrument under the action of gravity during the working process of the surveying and mapping instrument, and ensure the stability of the surveying and mapping instrument.

[0039] After the tilt angle detection of the working position of the surveying and mapping instrument is completed, the rotating operating screw 15 is reset, and the operating screw 15 drives the transmission plate 18 and the plug rod 112 to reset, so that the support frame 3 29 loses the limit, and the position adjustment work of the surveying and mapping instrument 4 in the above step 1 can be performed. After the liquid storage part 28 is released and the clamping plate 223 is reset, the control electromagnet 2 215 stops working, so that the support frame 6 218 resumes the rotatable state. During the process of scanning and collecting image data of the surveying and mapping instrument 4, the control angle sensor 226 is stopped to monitor the rotation angle of the measuring target plate 230. When the surveying and mapping instrument 4 tilts during the working process due to vibration, wind force, collapse of the grounding position, etc., the angle sensor 226 provides data for calculating the real-time tilt angle of the surveying and mapping instrument 4. When a small range of tilt occurs during the working process of the surveying and mapping instrument 4, the surveying and mapping instrument 4 can continue to work. Subsequently, when the image surveying and mapping system 3 generates a model according to the scanning image data of the surveying and mapping instrument 4, the tilt angle data provided by the angle sensor 226 is automatically corrected for the three-dimensional surveying and mapping model to ensure the smooth operation of the surveying and mapping instrument 4.

[0040] In addition, an image surveying and mapping system 3 is provided inside the display 5, and the image surveying and mapping system 3 is composed of a light detection module 31, a noise collection module 32, an image preprocessing module 33, an image feature extraction module 34, a feature matching module 35, a feature calculation module 36, a model building module 37, an inclination recording module 38, an image adjustment model 39, a positioning data analysis model 310 and other structures, wherein the light detection module 31 determines the light data according to the image taken by the surveying and mapping instrument 4; the noise collection module 32 collects the surrounding sound data; the light data collected by the light detection module 31 and the sound data collected by the noise collection module 32 and the image data taken by the surveying and mapping instrument 4 are transmitted to the image preprocessing module 33, and the image preprocessing module 33 processes the noise, brightness and contrast in the image data according to the sound data and the light data, thereby reducing the size of the image data while ensuring the clarity of the features. The image data processed by the image preprocessing module 33 is transmitted to the image feature extraction module 34, which extracts features from the image data to obtain shape feature data of the covered object in the image data; the shape feature data extracted by the image feature extraction module 34 is transmitted to the feature matching module 35, which matches the shape feature data with a model pre-established according to the known object shape in the database to determine the object name information; the feature matching module 35 transmits the object name information, the shape feature data obtained by the image feature extraction module 34, and the image data processed by the image preprocessing module 33 to the feature calculation module 36, which generates an actual model of the object according to the object name information and the processed image data, and the actual models of multiple objects in the image data within the scanning range of the surveying and mapping instrument 4 form a three-dimensional surveying and mapping model;

[0041] In addition, the working inclination recording module 38 records the rotation angle value of the measuring mark 230 detected by the angle sensor 226 in real time. The inclination recording module 38 transmits the recorded rotation angle value as a calculation parameter to the positioning data analysis model 310. Then the surveying instrument 4 obtains the inclination angle between the position of the surveying instrument 4 and the horizontal plane from the satellite positioning system, and compares the data detected by the angle sensor 226 with the data stored in the satellite positioning system, which is conducive to calculating and judging the soil deposition, soil erosion, terrain changes and the like at the position of the surveying instrument 4. When the analysis result of the positioning data analysis model 310 is that the inclination angle of the horizontal plane at the position of the surveying instrument 4 obtained from the satellite positioning system is the same as the data detected by the angle sensor 226, in the process of establishing a three-dimensional surveying and mapping model based on the image data collected by the surveying instrument 4, the terrain changes and longitude and latitude coordinates collected and recorded in the satellite positioning system can be used as parameters for establishing the three-dimensional surveying and mapping model to ensure that the data contained in the three-dimensional surveying and mapping model is comprehensive.

[0042] And the angle sensor 226 is always in working state during the operation of the surveying and mapping instrument 4. The angle sensor 226 monitors and calculates the real-time tilt angle data of the surveying and mapping instrument 4. When a small range of tilt occurs during the operation of the surveying and mapping instrument 4, the image data collected by the surveying and mapping instrument 4 enters the image adjustment model 39 after being processed by the image preprocessing module 33. The image adjustment model 39 corrects the image data according to the real-time tilt angle data provided by the angle sensor 226, and corrects the image data to the same state as the image data scanned and obtained when the surveying and mapping instrument 4 is parallel to the horizontal plane. The image data corrected by the image adjustment model 39 is extracted features by the image feature extraction module 34.

[0043] In addition, such as Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 8 As shown, a short tube 224 is fixedly connected to the guide member three 219, and the short tube 224 is arranged inside a reserved slot three 225 on the support frame three 29, and the inner diameter size of the short tube 224 is the same as the inner diameter size of the reserved slot three 225, and the inner diameter size of the short tube 224 is the same as the outer diameter size of the insertion rod 112. The setting of the short tube 224 does not affect the normal air conduction of the guide member three 219, and provides sufficient activity space for the insertion rod 112.

[0044] In addition, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, reserved slots 13 are provided on both sides of the support frame 11, and a support frame 3 29 is partially arranged between the two reserved slots 13. The reserved slots 13 provide space for the movement of the support frame 3 29, and the rotating member 14 arranged inside the reserved slots 13 is rotatably connected with the support frame 11. When the support frame 3 29 is rotated to abut against the rotating member 14, the reserved slots 3 225 and the threaded holes 214 provided on the fixing plate 4 213 are aligned, and the mounting bolts can be rotated into the threaded holes 214 to make one end of the mounting bolts pass through the two threaded holes 214, the reserved slots 3 225 and the short tube 224 on the same side, and the mounting bolts are threadedly fixed to the two fixing plates 4 213 on the same side, so that the support frame 3 29 and the surveying and mapping instrument 4 installed on the support frame 3 29 through the fixing plates 3 23 and 21 can be fixed to prevent the surveying and mapping instrument 4 from shaking and being damaged during transportation.

Claims

1. A surveying and mapping instrument based on a satellite positioning system, comprising a surveying and mapping instrument (4), characterized in that: A positioning structure (2) is installed at the bottom of the surveying instrument (4), and a supporting structure (1) is installed on the positioning structure (2), and the supporting structure (1) comprises a supporting frame 1 (11); The positioning structure (2) comprises a second fixing plate (21), the bottom of the second fixing plate (21) being rotatably connected to a third fixing plate (23), a flow guide member (25) being rotatably sleeved on the outer side of the third fixing plate (23), one side of the flow guide member (25) being connected to a liquid storage member (28), a third supporting frame (29) being fixedly connected to the bottom of the third fixing plate (23), an iron ring (231) being fixedly connected inside the third supporting frame (29), a fourth supporting frame (210) being rotatably arranged inside the third supporting frame (29), an electromagnet (211) being fixedly mounted on the outer side of the fourth supporting frame (210), electromagnets (215) being arranged on both sides of the third supporting frame (29), and the electromagnets (215) being arranged on the inner side of the third supporting frame (29). 215) is provided with a reserved slot 2 (216) on one side, a clamping plate (223) is provided on the side of the reserved slot 2 (216) close to the support frame 3 (29), two pneumatic telescopic rods (221) are fixedly connected to one side of the clamping plate (223), a guide member 3 (219) is fixedly connected inside the support frame 3 (29), the pneumatic telescopic rod (221) is fixedly connected to the guide member 3 (219), the pneumatic telescopic rod (221) is fixedly connected to the guide member 3 (219), a side of the electromagnet 2 (215) away from the support frame 3 (29) is fixedly connected to the support frame 6 (218), the support frame 6 (218) is rotatably connected to the support frame 4 (210), and an angle sensor (226) is provided on one side of the support frame 6 (218); A weight-increasing plate (217) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the support frame six (218); The support frame six (218) and the weight-increasing plate (217) rotate outside the support frame four (210) under the action of gravity, and finally the support frame six (218) and the weight-increasing plate (217) are perpendicular to the horizontal plane; The liquid storage member (28) is held and pushed, and the medium inside the liquid storage member (28) enters the interior of the fixed plate (23) through the guidance of the second flow guide member (26) and the first flow guide member (25), and the internal pressure of the fixed plate (23) increases. The top of the fixed plate (23) and the top of the fixed plate (21) installed on the top of the support frame (29) are both parallel to the horizontal plane; the internal pressure of the pneumatic telescopic rod (221) increases, and the two pneumatic telescopic rods on the same side are parallel to the horizontal plane. A clamping plate (223) is fixedly connected between the piston ends of the rod (221). When one end of the clamping plate (223) is aligned with the reserved slot 2 (216) provided by the second electromagnet (215), the force-accumulating pneumatic telescopic rod (221) pushes the clamping plate (223) into the reserved slot 2 (216). The clamping plate (223) clamped between the second electromagnet (215) and the third support frame (29) plays a role in limiting the position of the third support frame (29).

2. The surveying instrument based on the satellite positioning system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support frame four (210) is fixedly connected to the inside of the support frame one (11), and the support frame three (29) is provided with storage grooves (220) on both sides. The clamping plate (223) is partially arranged inside the adjacent storage groove (220), and two return springs (222) are fixedly connected between the clamping plate (223) and the guide member three (219).

3. The surveying and mapping instrument based on the satellite positioning system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A flow guide member 2 (26) is fixedly connected between the flow guide member 1 (25) and the fixed plate 2 (21); a plurality of reserved slots 5 (229) are provided on the outer side of the flow guide member 2 (26); the liquid storage member (28) is fixedly sleeved on the outer side of the flow guide member 2 (26) and arranged on the outer side of the plurality of reserved slots 5 (229); a button 2 (27) is fixedly connected to the flow guide member 2 (26); a plurality of reserved slots 4 (227) are provided on the outer side of the fixed plate 3 (23); and a button 1 (24) is fixedly connected to the fixed plate 3 (23).

4. The surveying instrument based on the satellite positioning system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A support frame five (212) is rotatably sleeved on the outer side of the second electromagnet (215), a fixing plate four (213) is fixedly connected between the support frame five (212) and the first support frame (11), and a threaded hole two (214) is opened on the outer side of the fixing plate four (213).

5. The surveying instrument based on the satellite positioning system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A measuring plate (230) is fixedly connected to one side of the support frame six (218) away from the support frame three (29); the measuring plate (230) is rotatably connected to the support frame four (210); and the measuring plate (230) is arranged on one side of the angle sensor (226).

6. The surveying and mapping instrument based on the satellite positioning system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support frame 1 (11) is threadedly connected to an operating screw rod (15), the outer side of the support frame 1 (11) is fixedly connected to a limiting tube (16), one end of the operating screw rod (15) passes through the limiting tube (16) and is arranged inside the support frame 1 (11), one end of the operating screw rod (15) is fixedly connected to a pull wire (17), one end of the pull wire (17) is rotatably connected to a transmission plate (18), and one side of the transmission plate (18) is fixedly connected to an insertion rod (112).

7. The surveying and mapping instrument based on the satellite positioning system according to claim 6, characterized in that: A fixing plate 1 (110) is sleeved on the outside of the pull wire (17), a support spring (111) is fixedly connected between the fixing plate 1 (110) and the transmission plate (18), a support frame 2 (19) is fixedly connected inside the support frame 1 (11), and the support frame 2 (19) passes through the transmission plate (18) and the fixing plate 1 (110).

8. The surveying and mapping instrument based on the satellite positioning system according to claim 6, characterized in that: A short tube (224) is fixedly connected to the guide member three (219), a reserved slot three (225) is provided on the support frame three (29), the inner diameter of the short tube (224) is the same as the inner diameter of the reserved slot three (225), the short tube (224) is arranged at one end of the insertion rod (112), and the inner diameter of the short tube (224) is the same as the outer diameter of the insertion rod (112).

9. The surveying instrument based on the satellite positioning system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer bottom of the support frame 1 (11) is provided with a plurality of threaded holes 1 (12), and both sides of the support frame 1 (11) are provided with reserved slots 1 (13). The support frame 3 (29) is partially arranged between the two reserved slots 1 (13), and a rotating member 1 (14) is arranged inside the reserved slot 1 (13), and the rotating member 1 (14) is rotatably connected to the support frame 1 (11).

10. A surveying and mapping system for a surveying and mapping instrument, applicable to a surveying and mapping instrument based on a satellite positioning system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising a display (5), wherein the display (5) is provided with an image mapping system (3), characterized in that: The image mapping system (3) comprises an illumination detection module (31), a noise collection module (32), an image preprocessing module (33), an image feature extraction module (34), a feature matching module (35), a feature calculation module (36), a model building module (37), an inclination recording module (38), an image adjustment model (39) and a positioning data analysis model (310).

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