Automatic Chinese yam planting machine and working method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses an automatic Chinese yam planting machine and a working method thereof. The automatic Chinese yam planting machine comprises a rack, a wheel assembly is arranged at the bottom of the rack, planting modules are arranged on the rack in a bilateral symmetry mode, each planting module comprises a ditching mechanism, a placing mechanism, a vibration pressing mechanism, a fertilizer spreading mechanism, a discharging mechanism and a soil covering mechanism which are sequentially arranged from front to back, and the wheel assembly is used for driving the rack to move forwards. The ditching mechanism is used for ditching grooves in the ground, the placing mechanism is used for placing shallow grooves in the grooves, the vibrating and pressing mechanism is used for vibrating and pressing the shallow grooves in the grooves, the fertilizer spreading mechanism is used for spreading fertilizer in the shallow grooves, and the discharging mechanism is used for placing Chinese yam seed tubers in the shallow grooves after fertilizer spreading. And the soil covering mechanism is used for refilling the soil after ditching into the shallow grooves. The problems that the workload is large and the efficiency is low when Chinese yams are planted in shallow grooves are effectively solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of yam planting, and in particular to an automatic yam planting machine and a working method thereof. Background Art

[0002] When planting yam, the shallow trench planting technology is often used. When using the shallow trench planting method to plant yam, manual planting is required, including trenching, placing shallow trenches, planting yam seed blocks, fertilizing and covering with soil. Each process requires manual processing, which greatly increases the workload of workers and is inefficient.

[0003] Although there are machines capable of making grooves on the market, the processes of placing shallow grooves, placing yam seed blocks in the shallow grooves, fertilizing the yam seed blocks, and covering with soil still require manual operation by workers. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides an automatic yam planting machine and a working method thereof, which effectively solves the problems of heavy workload and low efficiency when planting yam in shallow grooves.

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] The automatic yam planting machine of the present invention comprises a frame, a wheel assembly is provided at the bottom of the frame, a planting module is symmetrically provided on the frame, the planting module comprises a trenching mechanism, a placing mechanism, a vibration and pressure mechanism, a fertilizer spreading mechanism, a feeding mechanism and a soil covering mechanism which are arranged in sequence from front to back, the wheel assembly is used to drive the frame forward, the trenching mechanism is used to trench on the ground, the placing mechanism is used to place a shallow growing groove in the trench, the vibration and pressure mechanism is used to vibrate and press the shallow growing groove in the trench, the fertilizer spreading mechanism is used to spread fertilizer in the shallow growing groove, the feeding mechanism is used to place yam seed blocks in the shallow growing groove after fertilizer spreading, and the soil covering mechanism is used to refill the soil after trenching into the shallow growing groove.

[0007] In this solution, the wheel assembly drives the frame to move forward so that the frame drives the trenching mechanism to dig trenches on the soil. Then the placing mechanism places a shallow groove in the opened groove. The vibration and pressing mechanism vibrates the shallow groove in the groove to make the shallow groove fit with the bottom of the groove. The fertilizing mechanism spreads fertilizer in the shallow groove. The feeding mechanism places yam seed blocks in the shallow groove after fertilizing. The soil covering mechanism refills the soil after trenching into the shallow groove, which can effectively reduce the work intensity of workers when planting yam, reduce labor burden, and improve work efficiency.

[0008] Preferably, the furrowing mechanism comprises a furrowing plow driving device and a furrowing plow arranged at the bottom of the frame, and the furrowing plow driving device is used to drive the two furrowing plows to move up and down.

[0009] Preferably, the fertilizer spreading mechanism includes a feed box and a stirring box, a feed port is provided at the top of the stirring box, the feed box is arranged at the top of the stirring box, the bottom of the feed box is communicated with the feed port at the top of the stirring box, a feed port is provided at the top of the feed box, two stirring rods are provided in the front and back of the stirring box, a fertilizer stirring area is formed between the two stirring rods, a transverse spiral conveying blade is provided at the bottom of the stirring box, a fertilizer discharge port is provided on the outer side of the bottom of the stirring box, a fertilizer spreading drive device is provided in the stirring box, and the fertilizer spreading drive device is used to drive the two stirring rods and the spiral conveying blades to rotate.

[0010] Preferably, the stirring rod comprises a rotating shaft, a stirring column is sleeved on the rotating shaft, a plurality of stirring protrusion groups are circumferentially arranged on the outer wall of the stirring column, the stirring protrusion group comprises a plurality of stirring protrusions, and the stirring protrusions are arranged in a straight line.

[0011] Preferably, the feeding mechanism includes a first feeding pipe and a second feeding pipe, the first feeding pipe is vertically arranged, the second feeding pipe is horizontally arranged, the first feeding pipe is arranged at the outer top of the second feeding pipe, the first feeding pipe is connected with the second feeding pipe, the top of the first feeding pipe is a seed block placement port, the inner side of the second feeding pipe is provided with an ejection device and an ejection block, the ejection device is used to drive the ejection block to slide along the second feeding pipe, and the outer end of the second feeding pipe is a yam seed block discharge port.

[0012] Preferably, the soil covering mechanism comprises a vertically arranged soil covering connecting rod, a soil covering plate is symmetrically provided at the bottom of the soil covering connecting rod, a soil covering surface is provided inside the soil covering plate, and the soil covering surface is inclined outwards from the middle to both sides.

[0013] Preferably, the placement mechanism includes a placement plate and a shallow groove group located below the frame, the placement plate is provided with a first opening vertically penetrating the placement plate, the first opening is used for the shallow groove group to pass through, the shallow groove group includes a plurality of shallow grooves stacked in sequence from top to bottom, the shallow groove includes a groove body and extension pieces symmetrically arranged on both sides of the groove body, a plurality of lower groove worm gears are symmetrically arranged on the bottom of the placement plate, a driving mechanism is provided on the frame, the driving mechanism is used to drive the lower groove worm gear to rotate synchronously, and the extension pieces on the left and right sides of the shallow groove at the bottom of the shallow groove group extend into the spiral groove of the lower groove worm gear on the corresponding side.

[0014] Preferably, the placement mechanism also includes a limiting device, which includes a first limiting column group and a second limiting column group, the first limiting column group includes a plurality of first limiting columns symmetrically arranged on the front and rear sides of the first opening, the second limiting column group includes a plurality of second limiting columns symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the first opening, the first limiting column passes through the placement plate, the second limiting column passes through the placement plate, the first limiting column is used to limit the shallow groove group on the front and rear sides, the second limiting column is used to limit the shallow groove group on the left and right sides, and the shallow groove group does not contact the first opening.

[0015] Preferably, the vibration-pressure mechanism includes a vibration-pressure block and a vibration-pressure block driving device, the vibration-pressure block is used to press down the trough body, and the vibration-pressure block driving device is used to drive the vibration-pressure block to rise / fall. An inner cavity is provided in the vibration-pressure block, and a plurality of vibrators are arranged at equal intervals at the bottom of the inner cavity along the extension direction of the vibration-pressure block.

[0016] Preferably, the frame is provided with a second opening at a position corresponding to the first opening, the second opening is located directly above the corresponding first opening and is consistent with the size of the first opening, a plurality of mounting plates are provided at the top of the second opening, positioning holes are symmetrically provided on the left and right sides of the mounting plates, positioning columns are provided at positions corresponding to the positioning holes of the frame, the positioning columns match the positioning holes, a plurality of guide columns are provided at the bottom of the mounting plate, the guide columns are vertically arranged, guide holes are provided at positions corresponding to the guide columns of the shallow groove, and the guide columns pass through the corresponding guide holes.

[0017] Before placing the shallow trough, the placement mechanism needs to place the shallow trough group at the first opening. The user first lifts the installation piece upward, and the positioning holes on the left and right sides of the installation piece are separated from the corresponding positioning columns. The installation piece moves out of the second opening, and then the shallow trough group is placed through the second opening. The shallow trough group after placement falls through the falling channel surrounded by the first limiting column group and the second limiting column group to the top of the lower groove worm and is located at the first opening. The extension pieces at both ends of the shallow trough at the bottom of the shallow trough in the shallow trough group contact the top of the spiral groove in the lower groove worm on the corresponding side, and then the positioning hole at the bottom of the installation piece is aligned with the positioning column on the frame, and the installation piece is vertically lowered so that the positioning column passes through the corresponding positioning hole. At this time, the installation piece is re-placed at the second opening, and the guide column passes through the corresponding guide hole. During the falling process of the shallow trough, the guide hole in the shallow trough descends along the guide column, which guides the shallow trough. When the shallow trough is watered excessively, the excess water can be discharged outward through the guide hole at the bottom of the shallow trough.

[0018] Preferably, the vibration block driving device includes a connecting rod driving device and a vertically arranged vibration block connecting rod, a connecting plate is provided on the rear side of the frame, a connecting rod guide hole is provided on the connecting plate, the upper part of the vibration block connecting rod vertically passes through the connecting rod guide hole, a pressure block is provided on the top of the vibration block connecting rod, a return spring is provided on the upper part of the vibration block connecting rod, the return spring is located between the connecting plate and the pressure block, the connecting rod driving device includes a cam driving device and a cam, the cam is vertically arranged on the top of the pressure block, and the cam driving device is used to drive the cam to rotate.

[0019] After the placement mechanism places the shallow groove, the frame moves forward through the wheel assembly, so that the vibration and pressure block in the vibration and pressure mechanism moves to the top of the shallow groove on the corresponding side, and then the cam driving device drives the corresponding cam to rotate, so that the protrusion of the cam presses down the pressure block on the corresponding side, and the pressure block drives the corresponding vibration and pressure block connecting rod to move downward, which in turn drives the vibration and pressure block on the corresponding side to move downward, so that the vibration and pressure block squeezes the shallow groove on the corresponding side. When the vibration and pressure block contacts the shallow groove on the corresponding side, the vibrator in the vibration and pressure block vibrates, which strengthens the downward pressure of the vibration and pressure block on the shallow groove, ensuring that the shallow groove is placed stably and reliably in the groove.

[0020] Preferably, the driving mechanism includes a driving device, a transmission rod is arranged on the top of the lower groove worm, the transmission rod is coaxial with the lower groove worm, the transmission rod passes through the placement plate and is rotatably connected to the frame, and the driving device is used to drive the transmission rod to rotate synchronously.

[0021] Preferably, the driving device includes a driving motor arranged on the top of the frame, the output end of the driving motor vertically penetrates the frame, a driving rod is coaxially arranged at the output end of the driving motor, a driving wheel is coaxially arranged on the driving rod, a driven wheel is coaxially arranged on the transmission rod, the driving wheel is power-connected to the driven wheel via a transmission belt, and the driving rod is located at the rear side of the first opening.

[0022] An automatic yam planting method of the present invention is used in an automatic yam planting machine as claimed in claim 9, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0023] S1: The wheel assembly drives the frame to move forward, and the furrowing plow driving device on the frame drives the furrowing plow to descend. The frame drives the two furrowing plows to open two furrows on the land. Then the driving mechanism drives the lower groove worm to rotate, and the rotation of the lower groove worm drives the shallow groove at the bottom of the shallow groove group to move downward. As the lower groove worm rotates, the extension pieces on both sides of the groove body descend along with the rotation of the spiral groove of the lower groove worm on the corresponding side, and smoothly fall along the falling channel surrounded by the first limiting column group and the second limiting column group into the furrow opened by the furrowing plow;

[0024] S2: After the shallow groove is placed, the wheel assembly drives the frame to continue to move forward, and moves the vibration and pressure mechanism to the top of the shallow groove. The vibration and pressure block driving device drives the vibration and pressure block to descend, and the vibrator in the inner cavity of the vibration and pressure block works and vibrates, driving the vibration and pressure block to vibrate. The vibration and pressure block driving device drives the vibration and pressure block to vibrate and press the shallow groove into the groove;

[0025] S3: After the vibration and pressing of the shallow trough is completed, the wheel assembly drives the frame to continue to move forward, and the frame drives the fertilizer outlet in the fertilizer spreading mechanism to move to the rear end of the shallow trough. The fertilizer spreading drive device drives the two stirring rods and the spiral conveying blades to rotate. The two stirring rods rotate synchronously to stir and crush the fertilizer blocks in the stirring box. The crushed fertilizer falls to the bottom of the stirring box, is conveyed to the fertilizer outlet by the spiral conveying blades, and falls into the shallow trough. With the forward movement of the frame, the crushed fertilizer continues to fall from the rear end of the shallow trough to the front end of the shallow trough, covering the bottom of the shallow trough;

[0026] S4: After the fertilizer in the shallow trough is covered, the wheel assembly drives the frame to continue to move forward, and the frame drives the unloading mechanism to move to the top of the shallow trough. The pushing device in the unloading mechanism drives the pushing block to slide outward along the second unloading pipe, and the pushing block drives the yam seed block in the second unloading pipe to move outward until the yam seed block falls into the shallow trough from the port at the outer end of the second unloading pipe, and then the pushing device drives the pushing block to slide inward along the second unloading pipe for reset. After the pushing block moves out of the connection between the first unloading pipe and the second unloading pipe, the yam seed blocks vertically stacked in the first unloading pipe move downward under the influence of their own weight, and the yam seed blocks at the bottom fall into the second unloading pipe;

[0027] S5: After the yam seed block is placed, the wheel assembly drives the frame to continue to move forward, and the frame drives the covering plates on the left and right sides of the bottom of the covering connecting rod to squeeze the soil dug out by the furrowing plow with the covering surface on the covering plate, and the covering surface is pressed back into the shallow growing groove to cover the yam seed block with soil.

[0028] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the fertilizer spreading mechanism can spread fertilizer in the shallow growing trough, the placing mechanism places the shallow growing trough in the groove, the vibration and pressure mechanism can vibrate and press down the shallow growing trough in the groove, ensuring that the shallow growing trough is placed stably and reliably in the groove, and the soil covering mechanism can refill the soil after trenching into the shallow growing trough, effectively reducing the work intensity of workers when planting yam, reducing labor burden, and improving work efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the ditching mechanism in the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the placement mechanism in the present invention when viewed from above;

[0032] Figure 4 is an exploded view of the vibration-pressure mechanism of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the vibration and pressure mechanism in the present invention;

[0034] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure in which two fertilizer spreading mechanisms are installed on a frame in the present invention;

[0035] Figure 7 It is an exploded view of the fertilizer spreading mechanism in the present invention;

[0036] Figure 8 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a single fertilizer spreading mechanism in the present invention;

[0037] Fig. 9 It is a structural schematic diagram of the feeding mechanism and the soil covering mechanism in the present invention;

[0038] Fig.10 It is a structural schematic diagram of the first feeding pipe and the second feeding pipe in the present invention;

[0039] Fig.11 A schematic structural diagram of the shallow trough in the present invention.

[0040] In the figure: 1, frame, 11, wheel assembly, 12, second opening, 121, mounting plate, 122, positioning column, 123, guide column, 124, guide hole, 13, connecting plate, 2, furrowing mechanism, 21, furrowing plow driving device, 22, furrowing plow, 3, placing mechanism, 31, placing plate, 311, first opening, 32, shallow groove group, 321, extension plate, 322, groove body, 33, lower groove worm, 331, transmission rod, 332, driven wheel, 34, driving mechanism, 341, driving motor, 342, driving wheel, 343, driving rod, 35, first limiting column, 36, second limiting column, 4, vibration pressure mechanism, 41, vibration pressure block, 42, vibration pressure block driving device, 421, connecting Rod driving device, 422, vibration pressure block connecting rod, 423, pressure block, 424, return spring, 425, cam driving device, 426, cam, 43, vibrator, 5, fertilizer spreading mechanism, 51, stirring box, 511, feed inlet, 512, fertilizer discharge port, 52, stirring rod, 521, rotating shaft, 522, stirring column, 523, stirring protrusion, 53, spiral conveying blade, 54, fertilizer spreading driving device, 55, feed box, 551, inlet, 6, feeding mechanism, 61, first feeding pipe, 62, second feeding pipe, 621, push-out block, 622, push-out device, 7, soil covering mechanism, 71, soil covering connecting rod, 72, soil covering plate, 721, soil covering surface, 8, shallow raw groove, 9, spiral groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The technical solution of the present invention is further specifically described below through embodiments and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0042] Embodiment: A yam automatic planting machine of this embodiment, such as Figures 1 to 11 As shown, it includes a frame 1, a wheel assembly 11 is provided at the bottom of the frame 1, and a planting module is symmetrically provided on the frame 1. The planting module includes a trenching mechanism 2, a placing mechanism 3, a vibration and pressure mechanism 4, a fertilizer spreading mechanism 5, a feeding mechanism 6 and a soil covering mechanism 7 which are arranged in sequence from front to back.

[0043] The furrowing mechanism 2 includes a furrowing plow driving device 21 and a furrowing plow 22 which are arranged at the bottom of the frame 11 .

[0044] The fertilizer spreading mechanism 5 includes a feed box 55 and a stirring box 51. A feed port 511 is provided at the top of the stirring box 51. A placement box 55 is provided at the top of the stirring box 51. The bottom of the feed box 55 is connected to the feed port 511 at the top of the stirring box 51. A loading port 551 is provided at the top of the feed box 55. A feed port 511 is provided at the top of the stirring box 51. Two stirring rods 52 are provided in the front and back of the stirring box 51. A fertilizer stirring area is formed between the two stirring rods 52. A transverse spiral conveying blade 53 is provided at the bottom of the stirring box 51. A fertilizer discharge port 512 is provided at the outer side of the bottom of the stirring box 51. A fertilizer spreading drive device 54 is provided in the stirring box 51. The stirring rod 52 includes a rotating shaft 521. A stirring column 522 is sleeved on the rotating shaft 521. A plurality of stirring protrusion groups are provided along the circumference of the outer wall of the stirring column 522. The stirring protrusion group includes four stirring protrusions 523. The stirring protrusions 523 are arranged in a straight line.

[0045] The feeding mechanism 6 includes a first feeding pipe 61 and a second feeding pipe 62. The first feeding pipe 61 is vertically arranged, and the second feeding pipe 62 is horizontally arranged. The first feeding pipe 61 is arranged at the outer top of the second feeding pipe 62. The first feeding pipe 61 is connected with the second feeding pipe 62. The top of the first feeding pipe 61 is a seed block placement port. The inner side of the second feeding pipe 62 is provided with an ejection device 622 and an ejection block 621. The ejection device 622 is used to drive the ejection block 621 to slide along the second feeding pipe 62. The outer end of the second feeding pipe 62 is a yam seed block discharge port.

[0046] The soil covering mechanism 7 comprises a vertically arranged soil covering connecting rod 71, a soil covering plate 72 is symmetrically arranged at the bottom of the soil covering connecting rod 71, a soil covering surface 721 is arranged inside the soil covering plate 72, and the soil covering surface 721 is inclined outward from the middle to both sides.

[0047] The placement mechanism 3 includes a placement plate 31 and a shallow groove group 32 located below the frame. The placement plate 31 is provided with a first opening 311 vertically penetrating the placement plate 31. The first opening 311 is used for the shallow groove group 32 to pass through. The shallow groove group 32 includes a plurality of shallow grooves 8 stacked in sequence from top to bottom. The shallow groove 8 includes a groove body 322 and extension pieces 321 symmetrically arranged on both sides of the groove body 322. Two lower groove worm gears 33 are symmetrically arranged at the bottom of the placement plate 31. A driving mechanism 34 is provided on the frame 1. The driving mechanism 34 is used to drive the lower groove worm gear 33 to rotate synchronously. The extension pieces 321 on the left and right sides of the shallow groove at the bottom of the shallow groove group 32 extend into the spiral groove 9 of the lower groove worm gear 33 on the corresponding side.

[0048] The placement mechanism 3 also includes a limiting device, which includes a first limiting column group and a second limiting column group. The first limiting column group includes two first limiting columns 35 symmetrically arranged on the front and rear sides of the first opening 311, and the second limiting column group includes two second limiting columns 36 symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the first opening 311. The first limiting column 35 passes through the placement plate 31, and the second limiting column 36 passes through the placement plate 31. The shallow groove group 32 does not contact the first opening 311.

[0049] The vibration-pressure mechanism 4 includes a vibration-pressure block 41 and a vibration-pressure block driving device 42. The vibration-pressure block 41 is used to press down the trough body 322, and the vibration-pressure block driving device 42 is used to drive the vibration-pressure block 41 to rise / fall. An inner cavity is provided in the vibration-pressure block 41, and a plurality of vibrators 43 are arranged at equal intervals at the bottom of the inner cavity along the extension direction of the vibration-pressure block 41.

[0050] A second opening 12 is provided on the frame 1 at a position corresponding to the first opening 311. The second opening 12 is located directly above the corresponding first opening 311 and has the same size as the first opening 311. A plurality of mounting plates 121 are provided on the top of the second opening 12. Positioning holes are symmetrically provided on the left and right sides of the mounting plates 121. Positioning columns 122 are provided on the frame 1 at positions corresponding to the positioning holes. The positioning columns 122 match the positioning holes. A plurality of guide columns 123 are provided on the bottom of the mounting plate 121. The guide columns 123 are vertically arranged. A guide hole 124 is provided on the shallow groove 8 at a position corresponding to the guide column 123. The guide column 123 passes through the corresponding guide hole 124.

[0051] The vibration block driving device 42 includes a connecting rod driving device 421 and a vertically arranged vibration block connecting rod 422. A connecting plate 13 is provided on the rear side of the frame 1, and a connecting rod guide hole is provided on the connecting plate 13. The upper part of the vibration block connecting rod 422 vertically passes through the connecting rod guide hole. A pressure block 423 is provided on the top of the vibration block connecting rod 422. A return spring 424 is sleeved on the upper part of the vibration block connecting rod 422. The return spring 424 is located between the connecting plate 13 and the pressure block 423. The connecting rod driving device 421 includes a cam driving device 425 and a cam 426. The cam 426 is vertically arranged on the top of the pressure block 423. The cam driving device 425 is used to drive the cam 426 to rotate.

[0052] The driving mechanism 34 includes a driving device. A transmission rod 331 is arranged on the top of the lower groove worm 33. The transmission rod 331 is coaxial with the lower groove worm 33. The transmission rod 331 passes through the placement plate 31 and is rotatably connected to the frame 1. The driving device is used to drive the transmission rod 331 to rotate synchronously.

[0053] The driving device includes a driving motor 341 arranged on the top of the frame 1, and the output end of the driving motor 341 vertically penetrates the frame 1. A driving rod 343 is coaxially arranged at the output end of the driving motor 341, and a driving wheel 342 is coaxially arranged on the driving rod 343. A driven wheel 332 is coaxially arranged on the transmission rod 331. The driving wheel 342 is connected to the driven wheel 332 through a transmission belt. The driving rod 343 is located at the rear side of the first opening 311.

[0054] In this embodiment, the wheel assembly drives the frame to move forward, and the furrowing plow driving device on the frame drives the furrowing plow to descend. The frame drives the two furrowing plows to open two furrows on the land, and then the output end of the driving motor drives the driving rod to rotate synchronously, and the driving rod drives the driving wheel to rotate. The driving wheel drives the driven wheel to rotate through the transmission belt to make the four lower groove worms in the placement mechanism rotate synchronously. When the lower groove worm rotates, the extension pieces on the left and right sides of the shallow groove located at the top of the four lower groove worms extend into the spiral groove of the lower groove worm on the corresponding side. As the lower groove worm rotates, the shallow groove located at the bottom of the shallow groove group detaches from the shallow groove group, and under the guidance of the guide column, it falls along the falling channel surrounded by the first limiting column group and the second limiting column group on the corresponding side to the groove opened by the furrowing plow, completing the placement of the two shallow grooves on the left and right.

[0055] After the shallow groove is placed, the wheel assembly drives the frame to continue to move forward, moves the vibration and pressure mechanism to the top of the corresponding shallow groove, and moves the vibration and pressure block in the vibration and pressure mechanism to the top of the shallow groove on the corresponding side. Then, the cam driving device drives the corresponding cam to rotate, so that the protrusion of the cam presses down the pressure block on the corresponding side, and the pressure block drives the corresponding vibration and pressure block connecting rod to move downward, which in turn drives the vibration and pressure block on the corresponding side to move downward, so that the vibration and pressure block squeezes the shallow groove on the corresponding side. When the vibration and pressure block contacts the shallow groove on the corresponding side, the vibrator in the vibration and pressure block vibrates, strengthening the downward pressure of the vibration and pressure block on the shallow groove, ensuring that the shallow groove is placed stably and reliably in the groove. After the vibration and pressure block is pressed down, the cam continues to rotate, and the protrusion of the cam no longer presses the pressure block downward. The vibration and pressure block connecting rod moves upward under the action of the reset spring, driving the vibration and pressure block to rise until the vibration and pressure block is reset.

[0056] After the vibration and pressing of the shallow trough is completed, the wheel assembly drives the frame to continue to move forward, and the frame drives the fertilizer discharge port in the fertilizer spreading mechanism to move to the rear end of the shallow trough, and the fertilizer spreading drive device drives the two stirring rods and the spiral conveying blades to rotate, and the two stirring rods rotate synchronously to stir and crush the fertilizer blocks in the stirring box, and the crushed fertilizer falls to the bottom of the stirring box, is transported to the fertilizer discharge port by the spiral conveying blades and falls into the shallow trough, and along with the forward movement of the frame, the crushed fertilizer continues to fall from the rear end of the shallow trough to the front end of the shallow trough, covering the bottom of the shallow trough.

[0057] After the fertilizer in the shallow growing trough is covered, the wheel assembly drives the frame to continue moving forward, and the frame drives the unloading mechanism to move to just above the shallow growing trough, and the pushing device in the unloading mechanism drives the pushing block to slide outward along the second unloading pipe, and the pushing block drives the yam seed block in the second unloading pipe to move outward until the yam seed block falls into the shallow growing trough from the port at the outer end of the second unloading pipe, and then the pushing device drives the pushing block to slide inward along the second unloading pipe for reset. After the pushing block moves out of the connecting part between the first unloading pipe and the second unloading pipe, the yam seed blocks stacked vertically in the first unloading pipe move downward under the influence of their own weight, and the yam seed blocks at the bottom fall into the second unloading pipe.

[0058] After the yam seed blocks are placed, the wheel assembly drives the frame to continue moving forward, and the frame drives the covering plates on the left and right sides of the bottom of the covering connecting rod to squeeze the soil dug out by the furrowing plow with the covering surface on the covering plate, and the covering surface is pressed back into the shallow growing groove to cover the yam seed blocks with soil.

[0059] Before placing the shallow trough, the placement mechanism needs to place the shallow trough group at the first opening. The user first lifts the installation piece upward, and the positioning holes on the left and right sides of the installation piece are separated from the corresponding positioning columns. The installation piece moves out of the second opening, and then the shallow trough group is placed through the second opening. The shallow trough group after placement falls through the falling channel surrounded by the first limiting column group and the second limiting column group to the top of the lower groove worm and is located at the first opening. The extension pieces at both ends of the shallow trough at the bottom of the shallow trough in the shallow trough group contact the top of the spiral groove in the lower groove worm on the corresponding side, and then the positioning hole at the bottom of the installation piece is aligned with the positioning column on the frame, and the installation piece is vertically lowered so that the positioning column passes through the corresponding positioning hole. At this time, the installation piece is re-placed at the second opening, and the guide column passes through the corresponding guide hole. During the falling process of the shallow trough, it plays a guiding role for the shallow trough. When excessive water is poured into the shallow trough, the excess water can be discharged outward through the guide hole at the bottom of the shallow trough.

[0060] An automatic yam planting method of this embodiment, used in the above-mentioned automatic yam planting machine, comprises the following steps:

[0061] S1: The wheel assembly drives the frame to move forward, and the furrowing plow driving device on the frame drives the furrowing plow to descend. The frame drives the two furrowing plows to open two furrows on the land. Then the driving mechanism drives the lower groove worm to rotate. The rotation of the lower groove worm drives the shallow groove at the bottom of the shallow groove group to move downward. As the lower groove worm rotates, the extension pieces on both sides of the groove body descend along with the rotation of the spiral groove of the lower groove worm on the corresponding side. During the falling process, the guide hole in the shallow groove descends along the guide column, so that the shallow groove falls smoothly along the falling channel surrounded by the first limiting column group and the second limiting column group into the groove opened by the furrowing plow;

[0062] S2: After the shallow groove is placed, the wheel assembly drives the frame to continue to move forward, moves the vibration and pressure mechanism to the top of the shallow groove, and the vibration and pressure block driving device drives the vibration and pressure block to descend. The vibrator in the inner cavity of the vibration and pressure block vibrates, driving the vibration and pressure block to vibrate. The vibration and pressure block driving device drives the vibration and pressure block to vibrate and press the shallow groove into the groove;

[0063] S3: After the vibration and pressing of the shallow trough is completed, the wheel assembly drives the frame to continue to move forward, and the frame drives the fertilizer outlet in the fertilizer spreading mechanism to move to the rear end of the shallow trough. The fertilizer spreading drive device drives the two stirring rods and the spiral conveying blades to rotate. The two stirring rods rotate synchronously to stir and crush the fertilizer blocks in the stirring box. The crushed fertilizer falls to the bottom of the stirring box, is conveyed to the fertilizer outlet by the spiral conveying blades, and falls into the shallow trough. With the forward movement of the frame, the crushed fertilizer continues to fall from the rear end of the shallow trough to the front end of the shallow trough, covering the bottom of the shallow trough;

[0064] S4: After the fertilizer in the shallow trough is covered, the wheel assembly drives the frame to continue to move forward, and the frame drives the unloading mechanism to move to the top of the shallow trough. The pushing device in the unloading mechanism drives the pushing block to slide outward along the second unloading pipe, and the pushing block drives the yam seed block in the second unloading pipe to move outward until the yam seed block falls into the shallow trough from the port at the outer end of the second unloading pipe, and then the pushing device drives the pushing block to slide inward along the second unloading pipe for reset. After the pushing block moves out of the connection between the first unloading pipe and the second unloading pipe, the yam seed blocks vertically stacked in the first unloading pipe move downward under the influence of their own weight, and the yam seed blocks at the bottom fall into the second unloading pipe;

[0065] S5: After the yam seed block is placed, the wheel assembly drives the frame to continue to move forward, and the frame drives the covering plates on the left and right sides of the bottom of the covering connecting rod to squeeze the soil dug out by the furrowing plow with the covering surface on the covering plate, and the covering surface is pressed back into the shallow growing groove to cover the yam seed block with soil.

Claims

1. An automatic yam planting machine, characterized in that: The invention comprises a frame (1), a wheel assembly (11) is provided at the bottom of the frame (1), a planting module is symmetrically provided on the frame (1), and the planting module comprises a trenching mechanism (2), a placement mechanism (3), a vibration and pressure mechanism (4), a fertilizer spreading mechanism (5), a feeding mechanism (6) and a soil covering mechanism (7) which are arranged in sequence from front to back, the wheel assembly (11) is used to drive the frame (1) forward, the trenching mechanism (2) is used to trench on the ground, the placement mechanism (3) is used to place a shallow growing groove (8) in the trench, the vibration and pressure mechanism (4) is used to vibrate and press the shallow growing groove (8) in the trench, the fertilizer spreading mechanism (5) is used to spread fertilizer in the shallow growing groove (8), the feeding mechanism (6) is used to place yam seed blocks in the shallow growing groove (8) after fertilizer spreading, and the soil covering mechanism (7) is used to refill the soil after trenching into the shallow growing groove (8).

2. The automatic yam planting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The furrowing mechanism (2) comprises a furrowing plow driving device (21) and a furrowing plow (22) arranged at the bottom of the frame (11), and the furrowing plow driving device (21) is used to drive the two furrowing plows (22) to move up and down.

3. The automatic yam planting machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fertilizer spreading mechanism (5) comprises a feed box (55) and a stirring box (51); a feed port (511) is provided at the top of the stirring box (51); the feed box (55) is arranged at the top of the stirring box (51); the bottom of the feed box (55) is communicated with the feed port (511) at the top of the stirring box (51); a loading port (551) is provided at the top of the feed box (55); two stirring rods (52) are provided at the front and rear of the stirring box (51); a fertilizer stirring area is formed between the two stirring rods (52); a transverse spiral conveying blade (53) is provided at the bottom of the stirring box (51); a fertilizer discharge port (512) is provided on the outer side of the bottom of the stirring box (51); and a fertilizer spreading driving device (54) is provided on the stirring box (51); the fertilizer spreading driving device (54) is used to drive the two stirring rods (52) and the spiral conveying blade (53) to rotate.

4. The automatic yam planting machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The stirring rod (52) comprises a rotating shaft (521), a stirring column (522) is sleeved on the rotating shaft (521), a plurality of stirring protrusion groups are circumferentially arranged on the outer wall of the stirring column (522), the stirring protrusion group comprises a plurality of stirring protrusions (523), and the stirring protrusions (523) are arranged in a straight line.

5. The automatic yam planting machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The feeding mechanism (6) comprises a first feeding tube (61) and a second feeding tube (62), wherein the first feeding tube (61) is arranged vertically, and the second feeding tube (62) is arranged horizontally, the first feeding tube (61) is arranged at the outer top of the second feeding tube (62), the first feeding tube (61) is connected with the second feeding tube (62), the top of the first feeding tube (61) is a seed block placement port, the inner side of the second feeding tube (62) is provided with an ejection device (622) and an ejection block (621), the ejection device (622) is used to drive the ejection block (621) to slide along the second feeding tube (62), and the outer end of the second feeding tube (62) is a yam seed block discharge port.

6. The automatic yam planting machine according to claim 5, characterized in that: The soil covering mechanism (7) comprises a soil covering connecting rod (71) arranged vertically, a soil covering plate (72) being symmetrically arranged at the bottom of the soil covering connecting rod (71), a soil covering surface (721) being arranged inside the soil covering plate (72), and the soil covering surface (721) being inclined outwards from the middle to both sides.

7. The automatic yam planting machine according to claim 6, characterized in that: The placement mechanism (3) comprises a placement plate (31) and a shallow groove group (32) located below the frame. The placement plate (31) is provided with a first opening (311) vertically penetrating the placement plate (31). The first opening (311) is used for allowing the shallow groove group (32) to pass through. The shallow groove group (32) comprises a plurality of shallow grooves (8) stacked in sequence from top to bottom. The shallow groove (8) comprises a groove body (322) and extension pieces (321) symmetrically arranged on both sides of the groove body (322). A plurality of lower groove worm gears (33) are symmetrically arranged on the bottom of the placement plate (31). The frame (1) is provided with a driving mechanism (34). The driving mechanism (34) is used for driving the lower groove worm gear (33) to rotate synchronously. The extension pieces (321) on the left and right sides of the shallow groove (8) at the bottom of the shallow groove group (32) extend into the spiral groove (9) of the lower groove worm gear (33) on the corresponding side.

8. The automatic yam planting machine according to claim 7, characterized in that: The placement mechanism (3) further comprises a limiting device, the limiting device comprising a first limiting column group and a second limiting column group, the first limiting column group comprising a plurality of first limiting columns (35) symmetrically arranged on the front and rear sides of the first opening (311), the second limiting column group comprising a plurality of second limiting columns (36) symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the first opening (311), the first limiting columns (35) passing through the placement plate (31), the second limiting columns (36) passing through the placement plate (31), the first limiting columns (35) being used to limit the front and rear sides of the shallow groove group (32), the second limiting columns (36) being used to limit the left and right sides of the shallow groove group (32), the shallow groove group (32) not being in contact with the first opening (311).

9. The automatic yam planting machine according to claim 8, characterized in that: The vibration-pressure mechanism (4) comprises a vibration-pressure block (41) and a vibration-pressure block driving device (42); the vibration-pressure block (41) is used to press down the slot body (322); the vibration-pressure block driving device (42) is used to drive the vibration-pressure block (41) to rise / fall; an inner cavity is provided in the vibration-pressure block (41); a plurality of vibrators (43) are arranged at equal intervals at the bottom of the inner cavity along the extension direction of the vibration-pressure block (41).

10. An automatic yam planting method, used in the automatic yam planting machine according to claim 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: The wheel assembly drives the frame to move forward, and the furrowing plow driving device on the frame drives the furrowing plow to descend. The frame drives the two furrowing plows to open two furrows on the land. Then the driving mechanism drives the lower groove worm to rotate, and the rotation of the lower groove worm drives the shallow groove at the bottom of the shallow groove group to move downward. As the lower groove worm rotates, the extension pieces on both sides of the groove body descend along with the rotation of the spiral groove of the lower groove worm on the corresponding side, and smoothly fall along the falling channel surrounded by the first limiting column group and the second limiting column group into the furrow opened by the furrowing plow; S2: After the shallow groove is placed, the wheel assembly drives the frame to continue to move forward, moves the vibration and pressure mechanism to the top of the shallow groove, and the vibration and pressure block driving device drives the vibration and pressure block to descend. The vibrator in the inner cavity of the vibration and pressure block vibrates, driving the vibration and pressure block to vibrate. The vibration and pressure block driving device drives the vibration and pressure block to vibrate and press the shallow groove into the groove; S3: After the vibration and pressing of the shallow trough is completed, the wheel assembly drives the frame to continue to move forward, and the frame drives the fertilizer outlet in the fertilizer spreading mechanism to move to the rear end of the shallow trough. The fertilizer spreading drive device drives the two stirring rods and the spiral conveying blades to rotate. The two stirring rods rotate synchronously to stir and crush the fertilizer blocks in the stirring box. The crushed fertilizer falls to the bottom of the stirring box, is conveyed to the fertilizer outlet by the spiral conveying blades, and falls into the shallow trough. With the forward movement of the frame, the crushed fertilizer continues to fall from the rear end of the shallow trough to the front end of the shallow trough, covering the bottom of the shallow trough; S4: After the fertilizer in the shallow trough is covered, the wheel assembly drives the frame to continue to move forward, and the frame drives the unloading mechanism to move to the top of the shallow trough. The pushing device in the unloading mechanism drives the pushing block to slide outward along the second unloading pipe, and the pushing block drives the yam seed block in the second unloading pipe to move outward until the yam seed block falls into the shallow trough from the port at the outer end of the second unloading pipe, and then the pushing device drives the pushing block to slide inward along the second unloading pipe for reset. After the pushing block moves out of the connection between the first unloading pipe and the second unloading pipe, the yam seed blocks vertically stacked in the first unloading pipe move downward under the influence of their own weight, and the yam seed blocks at the bottom fall into the second unloading pipe; S5: After the yam seed block is placed, the wheel assembly drives the frame to continue to move forward, and the frame drives the covering plates on the left and right sides of the bottom of the covering connecting rod to squeeze the soil dug out by the furrowing plow with the covering surface on the covering plate, and the covering surface is pressed back into the shallow growing groove to cover the yam seed block with soil.

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