High-viscosity ecological matrix for abrupt slope surface and preparation method and use method of high-viscosity ecological matrix

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-viscosity ecological matrix for a steep slope surface. The high-viscosity ecological matrix is prepared from 20-30 parts of peat soil, 200-300 parts of spray-seeding wood fibers, 5-10 parts of perlite, 5-10 parts of vermiculite, 15-20 parts of organic fertilizer, 2-5 parts of a water-retaining agent, 1-3 parts of an adhesive, 0.5-1 part of a microbial agent and 1-3 parts of plant seeds. The high-performance spray-seeding matrix has good water-retaining property, can store water and preserve heat, can effectively reduce water loss, provides sufficient water for plant growth, and can pertinently solve the problem that a spray-seeding material is strongly eroded by underground water containing carbon dioxide and is quickly rotted during karst landform restoration.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a high-viscosity ecological matrix for steep slopes and a preparation method and a use method thereof, belonging to the technical field of ecological restoration. Background Art

[0002] As human activities have an increasing impact on the natural environment, activities such as mining and road construction have led to the emergence of a large number of exposed slopes. These areas have not only lost their aesthetic appeal, but are also facing serious risks of soil erosion. In order to improve the degradation of the ecosystem, the current mainstream ecological restoration processes include high-order aggregates, vegetation concrete processes, and imported soil spraying. High-order aggregate spraying refers to the use of special spraying equipment to make the fluid muddy material react with the agglomerating agent at the moment it is sprayed from the spray gun, and instantly form a soil culture medium with strong adsorption and stability. It is suitable for slopes below 60°. In addition, high-order aggregate spraying requires a good soil foundation and has strict environmental requirements. It is difficult to apply in most environments. The greening effect of high-order aggregates on steep rock slopes is poor, the culture medium is easy to peel off, and the vegetation growth effect is poor and not durable enough. Vegetation concrete technology, also known as ecological concrete, is a new technology that uses specific concrete formulas and seed formulas to protect and green rock slopes. Vegetation concrete usually requires special materials and technologies, such as adding water-retaining agents, adhesives, fertilizers, etc., which will increase construction costs. Therefore, although the technology of vegetation concrete is relatively mature and has good greening effects in the early stage, it is expensive and has low cost performance. The guest soil spraying technology uses a granulating agent to form a granulated structure of guest soil, in which the reinforcing fiber plays a network reinforcement role similar to that of plant roots and stems, thereby creating a porous and stable soil structure with a certain thickness to ensure plant growth. Ecological restoration technology. Guest soil spraying technology cannot complete the construction of high and steep slopes. When the spraying layer is thick, multiple constructions are required to meet the technical requirements, and it cannot effectively resist rain erosion. The spraying layer will be completely lost in a short period of time. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the deficiencies of the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention provides a high-viscosity ecological matrix for steep slopes and a preparation method and a use method thereof. Compared with traditional processes, the present invention can specifically solve the problem of rapid decay of spraying materials due to strong erosion by groundwater containing carbon dioxide during karst landform restoration. The high-performance spraying matrix has good water retention, water storage and heat preservation, and can effectively reduce water loss, providing sufficient water for plant growth.

[0004] One of the purposes of the present invention is to provide a high viscosity ecological matrix for steep slopes, referred to as HPS, which includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of peat soil, 200-300 parts of sprayed wood fiber, 5-10 parts of perlite, 5-10 parts of vermiculite, 15-20 parts of organic fertilizer, 2-5 parts of water retaining agent, 1-3 parts of adhesive, 0.5-1 parts of microbial agent, and 1-3 parts of plant seeds.

[0005] Preferably, 20 parts of peat soil, 200 parts of sprayed wood fiber, 5 parts of perlite, 5 parts of vermiculite, 15 parts of organic fertilizer, 2 parts of water retaining agent, 1 part of adhesive, 0.5 parts of microbial agent, and 1 part of plant seeds.

[0006] Preferably, 30 parts of peat soil, 300 parts of sprayed wood fiber, 10 parts of perlite, 10 parts of vermiculite, 20 parts of organic fertilizer, 5 parts of water retaining agent, 3 parts of adhesive, 1 part of microbial agent, and 3 parts of plant seeds.

[0007] Preferably, 25 parts of peat soil, 250 parts of sprayed wood fiber, 8 parts of perlite, 7 parts of vermiculite, 18 parts of organic fertilizer, 4 parts of water retaining agent, 2 parts of adhesive, 0.8 parts of microbial agent, and 2 parts of plant seeds.

[0008] Furthermore, at least 80% of the sprayed wood fibers have a fiber length of 20-40 mm, preferably 20 mm, preferably 30 mm, preferably 40 mm, and a diameter of 0.3-1.0 mm, preferably 0.3 mm, preferably 0.6 mm, preferably 1 mm.

[0009] Furthermore, the microbial agent includes nitrogen-fixing bacteria, growth-promoting rhizosphere fungi, and mycorrhizal fungi, and the ratio of the three is (10-30): (20-50): (1-3), preferably 10:20:1, preferably 30:50:3, and preferably 20:35:2.

[0010] Furthermore, the microbial agent also includes one or more of white rot fungi and brown rot fungi.

[0011] Furthermore, the plant seeds include seeds of grasses, shrubs, and flowers, and the ratio thereof is (3-10):(20-50):(1-3), preferably 3:20:1, preferably 10:50:3, and preferably 8:40:2.

[0012] A second object of the present invention is to propose a method for preparing a high-viscosity spraying matrix for steep slopes as described above, comprising the following steps:

[0013] (1) mixing peat soil, sprayed wood fiber, perlite and vermiculite in proportion to obtain a planting layer mixture;

[0014] (2) adding organic compound fertilizer, water retaining agent, adhesive, and microbial agent to the base mixture, stirring well to obtain a growth layer mixture;

[0015] (3) Evenly sprinkle plant seeds into the growth layer mixture, mix and stir to make the seeds evenly distributed to obtain a spraying matrix.

[0016] Furthermore, step (1) further comprises the following steps: taking one or two of white rot fungi and brown rot fungi and mixing them evenly with the sprayed wood fiber, placing them in a weakly acidic environment for 2-8 days, and then mixing them with peat soil, perlite and vermiculite in proportion.

[0017] The third object of the present invention is to propose a method for spraying a high viscosity spraying matrix on a steep slope as described above, comprising the following steps:

[0018] (1) Preliminary repair of the original repair surface, and spraying and reconstructing a nutrient planting layer on the original repair surface;

[0019] (2) After the nutrient planting layer is firmly attached, a 2-3 cm layer of high-viscosity spraying matrix is ​​sprayed on the reconstructed nutrient planting layer.

[0020] Furthermore, in step (1), the thickness of the nutrient planting layer is 2-8 cm, and the nutrient planting layer contains an adhesive. Preferably, the thickness of the nutrient planting layer is 2 cm, more preferably, the thickness of the nutrient planting layer is 8 cm, and further preferably, the thickness of the nutrient planting layer is 5 cm.

[0021] Furthermore, in step (2), the high viscosity spraying matrix is ​​sprayed from top to bottom in a vertical direction, so that the high viscosity spraying matrix is ​​sprayed vertically downward into the nutrient planting layer at high pressure. After the thickness of the high viscosity spraying matrix reaches 1 cm, the direction is adjusted to spray from the front.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] 1. The high-performance spraying matrix of the present invention is made of a mixture of spraying wood fiber, peat soil, etc., has good water retention, water storage and heat preservation, can effectively reduce water loss, and provide sufficient water for plant growth.

[0024] 2. The spraying matrix of the present invention contains a large amount of spraying wood fibers, which has good anti-erosion performance and can delay the degradation cycle of the matrix, and can specifically solve the problem of rapid decay of the spraying material due to strong erosion by groundwater containing carbon dioxide during karst landform restoration.

[0025] 3. The spraying matrix of the present invention has good adsorption, and can be well attached to the high and steep repair surface through spraying, ensuring the stability of the spraying layer, rich in organic fertilizers and microbial agents, providing sufficient nutrients for plants and promoting the growth of plants in the later stage. It also has good air permeability, which is beneficial to the respiration and growth of plant roots and improves the survival rate of vegetation.

[0026] 4. Under the action of gravity of high-pressure spraying, the high-performance matrix forms a mesh interlocking structure horizontally and produces strong ground adhesion vertically. The overall spraying layer forms a three-dimensional interlocking structure and fits tightly with the repair surface. It can effectively resist strong rain erosion and build a stable, water-storing and moisture-retaining nutrient planting layer on the repair surface, thereby achieving long-term greening of the repair area.

[0027] 4. A small amount of white rot fungi and brown rot fungi are added to the microbial agent of the present invention, so as to properly decompose the sprayed wood fibers and make it easy for the wood fibers to sink to form a three-dimensional interlocking combination with the repair surface.

[0028] 5. The present invention uses a nutrient planting layer with an added adhesive during spraying to facilitate adhesion to the original repair surface, and then spraying the spraying matrix vertically can make it easier to enter the nutrient planting layer, thereby forming a three-dimensional interlocking structure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the spraying matrix after spraying of the present invention;

[0030] In the attached figure, 1-original repair surface, 2-nutrient planting layer, 3-spraying matrix. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments, and do not limit the scope of protection of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, etc. made within the spirit and scope of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] In the description of the present application, “plurality” means two or more than two, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0033] One of the specific embodiments of the present invention is a high-viscosity ecological matrix for steep slopes, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of peat soil, 200-300 parts of sprayed wood fiber, 5-10 parts of perlite, 5-10 parts of vermiculite, 15-20 parts of organic fertilizer, 2-5 parts of water retaining agent, 1-3 parts of adhesive, 0.5-1 parts of microbial agent, and 1-3 parts of plant seeds. At least 80% of the sprayed wood fiber has a fiber length of 20-40 mm and a diameter of 0.3-1.0 mm. The microbial agent includes nitrogen-fixing bacteria, growth-promoting rhizosphere fungi, and mycorrhizal fungi, and the ratio of the three is (10-30): (20-50): (1-3). The microbial agent also includes one or more of white rot fungi and brown rot fungi. Plant seeds include seeds of grass, shrubs, and flowers, specifically as follows: 2 grams of broadleaf grass, 1.5 grams of molasses grass, 0.5 grams of dogtooth grass. Shrub seeds: 5 grams of yellow locust, 5 grams of magnolia, 4 grams of Croton dahlia, 6 grams of Leucaena leucaena, 5 grams of pigeon pea; Flower seeds: 1 gram of wild flower combination.

[0034] One of the specific embodiments of the present invention is to propose a method for preparing a high-viscosity spraying matrix for steep slopes as described above, comprising the following steps:

[0035] (1) mixing peat soil, sprayed wood fiber, perlite and vermiculite in proportion to obtain a planting layer mixture;

[0036] (2) adding organic compound fertilizer, water retaining agent, adhesive, and microbial agent to the base mixture, stirring well to obtain a growth layer mixture;

[0037] (3) Evenly sprinkle plant seeds into the growth layer mixture, mix and stir to make the seeds evenly distributed to obtain a spraying matrix.

[0038] Wherein step (1) further comprises the following steps: taking one or two of white rot fungi and brown rot fungi and mixing them evenly with the sprayed wood fiber, placing them in a weakly acidic environment for 2-8 days, and then mixing them with peat soil, perlite and vermiculite in proportion.

[0039] One of the specific embodiments of the present invention is to propose a method for spraying a high-viscosity spraying matrix on a steep slope as described above, comprising the following steps:

[0040] (1) preliminarily repairing the original repair surface, spraying and reconstructing a nutrient planting layer on the original repair surface, the thickness of the nutrient planting layer is 2-8 cm, and the nutrient planting layer contains an adhesive;

[0041] (2) After the nutrient planting layer is firmly attached, a 2-3 cm layer of high-viscosity spraying matrix is ​​sprayed on the reconstructed nutrient planting layer. The high-viscosity spraying matrix is ​​sprayed from top to bottom vertically, so that the high-viscosity spraying matrix is ​​sprayed vertically downward into the nutrient planting layer at high pressure. When the thickness of the high-viscosity spraying matrix is ​​1 cm, adjust the direction and spray from the front.

[0042] Example 1

[0043] A high-viscosity ecological matrix for steep slopes is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 25 parts of peat soil, 250 parts of SPF high-performance spraying wood fiber, 8 parts of perlite, 8 parts of vermiculite, 18 parts of organic fertilizer, 3 parts of water retaining agent, 2 parts of adhesive, 0.8 parts of microbial agent, and 2 parts of plant seeds.

[0044] The production method is as follows:

[0045] 1. Peat soil, sprayed wood fiber, perlite and vermiculite are fed into the conveyor belt of the production line in proportion through a program-controlled feeder, and then enter the high-speed drum mixer. The mixture is stirred for 20 minutes under program-controlled stirring until it is evenly mixed to obtain a basic mixture.

[0046] 2. The basic mixture continues to be conveyed on the conveyor belt of the production line. During the process, the programmable feeder gradually adds organic compound fertilizer, water-retaining agent, adhesive and microbial agent into it according to the proportion, and then sends it into the rotary mixer. The rotary mixer rotates and stirs for 30 minutes to complete sufficient stirring.

[0047] 3. The fully stirred mixture continues to be transported on the conveyor belt of the production line. The programmable feeder evenly sprinkles various plant seeds according to proportion, and enters the vibration mixer for stirring for 10 minutes to make it evenly distributed.

[0048] 4. Carry out quality inspection on the mixed matrix to test its adsorption, wet bonding strength, water content, fertility, air permeability and other indicators to ensure that all indicators meet the requirements.

[0049] Example 2

[0050] The high-performance spraying matrix is ​​composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20 parts of peat soil, 200 parts of spraying wood fiber, 10 parts of perlite, 5 parts of vermiculite, 20 parts of organic fertilizer, 2 parts of water retaining agent, 3 parts of adhesive, 0.5 parts of microbial agent, and 3 parts of plant seeds.

[0051] The preparation method is consistent with that in Example 1.

[0052] Example 3

[0053] A high-viscosity ecological matrix for steep slopes is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20 parts of peat soil, 200 parts of sprayed wood fiber, 5 parts of perlite, 5 parts of vermiculite, 15 parts of organic fertilizer, 2 parts of water retaining agent, 1 part of adhesive, 0.5 parts of microbial agent, and 1 part of plant seeds.

[0054] At least 80% of the sprayed wood fibers have a length of 30 mm and a diameter of 1.0 mm. The microbial agents include nitrogen-fixing bacteria, growth-promoting rhizosphere fungi, and mycorrhizal fungi in a ratio of 20:30:2. The microbial agents also include one or more of white rot fungi and brown rot fungi. Plant seeds include seeds of grass, shrubs, and flowers in a ratio of 3:20:1.

[0055] The preparation method of the above-mentioned high-viscosity spraying matrix comprises the following steps:

[0056] (1) mixing peat soil, sprayed wood fiber, perlite and vermiculite in proportion to obtain a planting layer mixture;

[0057] (2) adding organic compound fertilizer, water retaining agent, adhesive, and microbial agent to the base mixture, stirring well to obtain a growth layer mixture;

[0058] (3) Evenly sprinkle plant seeds into the growth layer mixture, mix and stir to make the seeds evenly distributed to obtain a spraying matrix.

[0059] The step (1) also includes the following steps: taking one or two of white rot fungi and brown rot fungi and mixing them evenly with the sprayed wood fiber, placing them in a weakly acidic environment for 5 days, and then mixing them with peat soil, perlite and vermiculite in proportion.

[0060] Example 4

[0061] A high-viscosity ecological matrix for steep slopes is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30 parts of peat soil, 300 parts of sprayed wood fiber, 10 parts of perlite, 10 parts of vermiculite, 20 parts of organic fertilizer, 5 parts of water retaining agent, 3 parts of adhesive, 1 part of microbial agent and 3 parts of plant seeds.

[0062] At least 80% of the sprayed wood fibers have a length of 30 mm and a diameter of 1.0 mm. The microbial agents include nitrogen-fixing bacteria, growth-promoting rhizosphere fungi, and mycorrhizal fungi in a ratio of 30:50:2. The microbial agents also include one or more of white rot fungi and brown rot fungi. Plant seeds include seeds of grass, shrubs, and flowers in a ratio of 5:40:3.

[0063] The preparation method is consistent with that of Example 3.

[0064] Comparative Example 1

[0065] A high-viscosity ecological matrix for steep slopes is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 25 parts of peat soil, 250 parts of grass fiber, 8 parts of perlite, 8 parts of vermiculite, 18 parts of organic fertilizer, 3 parts of water retaining agent, 2 parts of adhesive, 0.8 parts of microbial agent and 2 parts of plant seeds.

[0066] Other implementations are consistent with Example 1.

[0067] Comparative Example 2

[0068] A high-viscosity ecological matrix for steep slopes is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 25 parts of peat soil, 30 parts of sprayed wood fiber, 8 parts of perlite, 8 parts of vermiculite, 18 parts of organic fertilizer, 3 parts of water retaining agent, 2 parts of adhesive, 0.8 parts of microbial agent and 2 parts of plant seeds.

[0069] Microbial agents include nitrogen-fixing bacteria, growth-promoting rhizosphere fungi, and mycorrhizal fungi, with the ratio of the three being 20:30:2.

[0070] Other implementations are consistent with Example 3.

[0071]

[0072] It can be seen from the above that only the spraying matrix prepared by the scheme of the present application has high water permeability, and the spraying wood fiber is used to make the spraying matrix have good water retention, water storage and heat preservation, which can effectively reduce water loss and provide sufficient water for plant growth. Comparative Example 2 is compared with Examples 1-4, and it can be seen that the spraying matrix contains a large amount of spraying wood fiber, which has good anti-corrosion performance and can delay the matrix degradation cycle and increase the slow release effect of the nutrient matrix. The spraying matrix prepared by the method of the present application also has good air permeability, which is conducive to the respiration and growth of plant roots and improves the survival rate of vegetation.

[0073] Example 5

[0074] The method for spraying a high-viscosity spraying matrix on a steep slope as in Example 1 comprises the following steps:

[0075] (1) preliminarily repairing the original repair surface, spraying and reconstructing a nutrient planting layer on the original repair surface, the thickness of the nutrient planting layer is 2-8 cm, and the nutrient planting layer contains an adhesive;

[0076] (2) After the nutrient planting layer is firmly attached, a 2-3 cm layer of high-viscosity spraying matrix is ​​sprayed on the reconstructed nutrient planting layer. The high-viscosity spraying matrix is ​​sprayed from top to bottom vertically, so that the high-viscosity spraying matrix is ​​sprayed vertically downward into the nutrient planting layer at high pressure. When the thickness of the high-viscosity spraying matrix is ​​1 cm, adjust the direction and spray from the front.

[0077] When spraying, a nutrient planting layer with an added adhesive is used to facilitate adhesion to the original repair surface, and then the spraying matrix is ​​sprayed vertically to make it easier to enter the nutrient planting layer, thereby forming a three-dimensional interlocking structure.

[0078] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but rather to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A high-viscosity ecological matrix for steep slopes. It is characterized in that The invention comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of peat soil, 200-300 parts of sprayed wood fiber, 5-10 parts of perlite, 5-10 parts of vermiculite, 15-20 parts of organic fertilizer, 2-5 parts of water retaining agent, 1-3 parts of adhesive, 0.5-1 parts of microbial agent and 1-3 parts of plant seeds.

2. A highly viscous ecological matrix for steep slopes according to claim 1, Features: At least 80% of the sprayed wood fibers have a fiber length of 20-40 mm and a fiber diameter of 0.3-1.0 mm.

3. A high-viscosity ecological matrix for steep slopes according to claim 1, Features: The microbial agent comprises nitrogen-fixing bacteria, growth-promoting rhizosphere fungi and mycorrhizal fungi, and the ratio of the three is (10-30): (20-50): (1-3).

4. A highly viscous ecological matrix for steep slopes according to claim 1, Features: The microbial agent also includes one or more of white rot fungi and brown rot fungi.

5. A highly viscous ecological matrix for steep slopes according to claim 1, Features: The plant seeds include seeds of grass, shrubs and flowers, and the ratio thereof is (3-10): (20-50): (1-3).

6. The method for preparing the high-viscosity spraying matrix for steep slopes as claimed in claims 1 to 4, Features: The following steps are involved: (1) mixing peat soil, sprayed wood fiber, perlite and vermiculite in proportion to obtain a planting layer mixture; (2) adding organic compound fertilizer, water retaining agent, adhesive, and microbial agent to the base mixture, stirring well to obtain a growth layer mixture; (3) Evenly sprinkle plant seeds into the growth layer mixture, mix and stir to make the seeds evenly distributed to obtain a spraying matrix.

7. A method for preparing a high-viscosity ecological matrix for steep slopes according to claim 6, Features: The step (1) also includes the following steps: taking one or two of white rot fungi and brown rot fungi and mixing them evenly with the sprayed wood fiber, placing them in a weakly acidic environment for 2-8 days, and then mixing them with peat soil, perlite and vermiculite in proportion.

8. A method for spraying a high viscosity spraying matrix on a steep slope as described in claims 1-4, Features: The following steps are involved: (1) Preliminary repair of the original repair surface, and spraying and reconstructing a nutrient planting layer on the original repair surface; (2) After the nutrient planting layer is firmly attached, a 2-3 cm layer of high-viscosity spraying matrix is ​​sprayed on the reconstructed nutrient planting layer.

9. The method for using the high-viscosity spraying matrix on a steep slope according to claim 8, Features: In step (1), the thickness of the nutrient planting layer is 2-8 cm, and the nutrient planting layer contains an adhesive.

10. The method for using the high-viscosity spraying matrix for steep slopes according to claim 8, Features: In step (2), the high viscosity spraying matrix is ​​sprayed from top to bottom in a vertical direction, so that the high viscosity spraying matrix is ​​sprayed vertically downward into the nutrient planting layer at high pressure. When the thickness of the high viscosity spraying matrix is ​​1 cm, the direction is adjusted to spray from the front.

Images