Shoal structure for attracting birds

Abstract

The invention discloses a shoal structure for attracting birds, which comprises a shoal area which is built on the bank and is surrounded by shoal outer walls, and a microhabitat structure is arranged in the shoal area; a maze area is built in the shoal area, and the maze area is composed of a maze main channel and a plurality of maze side channels communicated with the maze main channel; the shoal peripheral wall is provided with a plurality of shoal area entrances and exits; the microhabitat structure comprises an annular microhabitat enclosing wall built in the shoal area, an area surrounded by the microhabitat enclosing wall forms a microhabitat water area, and a plurality of plant planting restraint rings are fixed in the microhabitat water area; the maze type shoal structure can enrich surrounding suitable aquatic animals in the shoal area, so that the predation efficiency of target birds is improved, the population breeding ability of the target birds is improved, the animal landscape and ecological restoration effect is expanded, and meanwhile convenience is provided for investigation and monitoring of surrounding birds, especially rare birds.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of shoal structures, in particular to a shoal structure for attracting wading birds. Background Art

[0002] Shoals generally refer to shallow waters, which are ideal habitats for wading birds (such as egrets and shorebirds) and play an important role in attracting water birds and restoring wetland ecology. At present, the construction of shoals is mainly achieved by terrain modification to ensure a suitable water depth to attract wading birds. Since aquatic animals, which are the food source of wading birds, are distributed almost randomly in wide waters, their density in shoals is relatively low, and the effect of attracting wading birds needs to be improved.

[0003] The existing shallow beach structures have a weak effect on attracting wading birds. Some technologies attract wading birds by placing artificial facilities such as models and cages, which have the following disadvantages: (1) the main materials are plastic or metal, which are not in harmony with the natural environment; (2) the attraction effect decreases over time and cannot be sustained; (3) the food source cannot be enriched and the foraging amount of wading birds cannot be increased.

[0004] Most of the existing shoal patents focus on water environment treatment such as water purification and improvement of hydrodynamics, and only a small part of them transform the shoal through plants, but do not involve the technology of attracting wading birds. For example, the invention patent "A method for creating shoal wetlands considering earthwork balance and habitat diversity" (CN202110120194.9) uses terrain transformation and three-dimensional vegetation configuration to improve habitat diversity; the invention patent "A wetland combination system for improving wetland biodiversity" (CN201510584912.2) improves biodiversity through the combination of multiple wetlands.

[0005] There are only two existing patents for attracting wading birds, which mainly attract wading birds by placing facilities, and neither involves the modification of the shallow beach structure. Among them, the utility model patent "A wading bird model" (CN201921813554.8) attracts wading birds by placing animal models; the utility model patent "A cage for attracting wading birds" (CN201520943765.9) places cages to adapt the animals to the environment before releasing them into the wild, which only acts for a short period of time and has no effect on the supply and enrichment of natural food.

[0006] In summary, the existing technical solutions are not highly relevant to the technical problems to be solved by the present invention. Summary of the invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a shoal structure for attracting wading birds, improve the predation efficiency of target wading birds, enhance their population breeding capacity, and expand the animal landscape and ecological restoration effects.

[0008] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0009] A shoal structure for attracting wading birds, comprising a shoal area surrounded by a shoal outer wall constructed on the shore, wherein a microhabitat structure is arranged in the shoal area;

[0010] A maze area is built in the shallow area, and the maze area consists of a main maze passage and multiple maze side passages connected to it;

[0011] There are multiple entrances and exits to the shallow area on the outer wall of the shallow area;

[0012] The microhabitat structure includes a circular microhabitat wall built in the shallow area. The area surrounded by the microhabitat wall forms a microhabitat water area. A plurality of plant planting constraint rings are fixed in the microhabitat water area.

[0013] The fixed restraint plantings in the plant planting restraint ring include cattail, reed, duckweed, and black algae;

[0014] The water level in the shallow area gradually deepens from near to far from the shore. The water level in the shallow area close to the shore is 5 to 15 cm, and the deepest water level in the shallow area is 20 to 30 cm.

[0015] Preferably, both sides of the main maze channel and the side maze channel are composed of water flow barrier dikes, and the bottom of the main maze channel, the side maze channel and the microhabitat water area are filled with a filler base layer, a filler buffer layer and a filler surface layer in sequence from bottom to top;

[0016] Water flow barriers are constructed of stones, wood piles, silt, or wood planks;

[0017] The filler base is a mixture of pebbles, biological ceramsite and zeolite;

[0018] The filler buffer layer is a mixture of gravel and fine sand;

[0019] The surface layer of the filler is soil matrix.

[0020] Description: Use materials that are difficult for aquatic animals to pass through, such as stones, wooden stakes, mud, and wooden boards, to construct water flow barriers, so that aquatic animals cannot easily get out after entering the maze and are trapped inside, thereby achieving the effect of enriching aquatic animals.

[0021] Preferably, a plurality of channel interception filters are fixed in the main channel of the maze and the side channels of the maze;

[0022] The channel interception filter is a bamboo mesh with a pore size of 5 to 10 cm.

[0023] Description: The channel interception filter can slow down the migration speed of aquatic organisms (the organisms here refer to the food source of wading birds, generally small fish, shrimps, aquatic insects, etc.), so as to retain as many aquatic organisms as possible in the main channel of the maze and the side channels of each maze.

[0024] Preferably, a filter control mechanism is provided at the entrance and exit of the shallow area, and the filter control mechanism comprises a filter control support beam fixed at the top of the entrance and exit of the shallow area, and the two ends of the filter control support beam are respectively fixed to the outer peripheral walls of the shallow area at both ends of the entrance and exit of the shallow area, and the filter control support beam has a vertically penetrating shaft connection hole, and a vertically extending filter plate connection shaft is rotatably connected in the shaft connection hole, and a positive filter plate and a reverse filter plate arranged vertically and crosswise are fixed on the filter plate connection shaft;

[0025] A filter plate drive housing is fixed on the top of the filter control support beam, the top of the filter plate connecting shaft extends to the inside of the filter plate drive housing, and a filter plate drive motor for driving the filter plate connecting shaft to rotate is fixed in the filter plate drive housing;

[0026] The filter plate driving motor is a servo motor;

[0027] The filter holes on the forward filter plate have a diameter of 5 to 10 cm, and the filter holes on the reverse filter plate have a diameter of 0.2 to 1 cm.

[0028] Description: When the tide is high, the water in the river flows into the shallow area through the entrances and exits of the shallow area. The filter plate driving motor drives the filter plate connecting shaft to rotate, so that the positive filter plate is intercepted at the entrance and exit of the shallow area. The aperture on the positive filter plate is larger, which makes it easier for organisms in the river water to enter the shallow area.

[0029] When the tide recedes, the water in the shoal area flows into the river through the entrances and exits of the shoal area. The filter plate driving motor drives the filter plate connecting shaft to rotate, so that the reverse filter plate is intercepted at the entrance and exit of the shoal area. The aperture of the reverse filter plate is small, which prevents the organisms in the shoal area from escaping.

[0030] The working status of the forward filter plate and the reverse filter plate can be automatically set according to the high tide and low tide time.

[0031] Preferably, the other end of the labyrinth side channel is provided with a local circulation gate, which includes a gate lifting support tube extending vertically, and a circulation control gate slidably matched with the gate lifting support tube;

[0032] A gate lifting connection column is slidably connected in the gate lifting support tube, and a vertically extending lifting connection groove is provided on the side of the gate lifting support tube, and the flow control gate is fixedly connected to the gate lifting connection column;

[0033] A vertically penetrating lifting control threaded hole is provided on the gate lifting connecting column, and a vertically extending lifting drive threaded rod is connected to the lifting control threaded hole through a threaded transmission. A lifting drive motor is fixed in the gate lifting support tube, and the output shaft of the lifting drive motor is connected to the lifting drive threaded rod through a transmission.

[0034] Description: In the local circulation gate, the opening degree of the main channel of the maze and the ends of each maze side channel is controlled by raising and lowering the circulation control gate, thereby controlling the water flow speed in the main channel of the maze and the maze side channels.

[0035] Preferably, a plant fixing constraint net is fixed on the inner side of the plant planting constraint ring, and a plurality of fixed constraint tubes are fixed on the outer side of the plant planting constraint ring, and a fixed steel bar is slidably connected in the fixed constraint tube.

[0036] Description: The plant planting restraint ring is convenient for fixing and restraining plants planted in the microhabitat water area. Insert multiple fixed steel spikes into the soil to fix the plant planting restraint ring, and then use hemp rope to fix the plants on the plant fixing restraint net. The hemp rope plays a role in early construction and can be naturally degraded in the later stage.

[0037] Preferably, a plurality of water circulation mechanisms are provided in the shallow area, the water circulation mechanisms include a water circulation containing pipe fixed in the shallow area and opening upward, a water external discharge temporary storage pipe coaxial with the water circulation containing pipe and opening upward is fixed at the bottom of the water circulation containing pipe, the water external discharge temporary storage pipe is connected to a communicating vessel water reservoir through the water external discharge pipe, a water circulation pump is fixed in the communicating vessel water reservoir, and the output end of the water circulation pump is connected to the outside of the communicating vessel water reservoir through the circulation external discharge pipe;

[0038] The side wall of the water circulation containing pipe is provided with a plurality of water circulation holes communicating with each other inside and outside;

[0039] The communicating vessel reservoir is built downstream, away from the shallow area, to avoid the adverse effects of noise generated by the operation of the water pump on wading birds.

[0040] Description: The water circulation mechanism is used to accelerate the flow of water in the shallow area and replenish the water in the shallow area. This cycle ensures that the water in the shallow area always maintains good water quality and ensures that there is enough dissolved oxygen in the water to provide microbial activity. During the replenishment of the water in the shallow area, it can also promote the entry of organisms that can be eaten by wading birds in the river water into the shallow area.

[0041] Preferably, a floating object filtering mechanism is provided on the water body circulation containing pipe, and the floating object filtering mechanism comprises a floating object filtering pipe which is slidably connected in the water body circulation containing pipe and has an opening facing downward, and a plurality of water body circulation flow grooves communicating with each other are provided on the side of the floating object filtering pipe, and a floating object filtering net bag is fixed at the lower end of the floating object filtering pipe;

[0042] A filter pipe limiting plate is fixed on the top of the floating object filter pipe, and a pick-up and placement handle is fixed on the top of the filter pipe limiting plate.

[0043] Note: When the water in the shallow area enters the water circulation holding pipe through the water circulation flow hole, the debris floating on the water surface will be brought into the water circulation holding pipe. The floating object filtering mechanism will intercept and filter the debris floating on the water surface, thereby purifying the water body and avoiding blockage of the water discharge temporary storage pipe and the water discharge pipe.

[0044] Preferably, a reverse circulation mechanism is provided in the area of ​​the shallow area near the shore, and the reverse circulation mechanism includes a reverse circulation delivery pipe extending along the outer wall of the shallow area near the shore, and a plurality of reverse circulation outer discharge pipes connected to the reverse circulation delivery pipe are fixed on the reverse circulation delivery pipe, and a reverse circulation delivery pump is provided in connection with the reverse circulation delivery pipe, and the reverse circulation delivery pump is arranged upstream of the shallow area.

[0045] Description: Use the reverse flow mechanism to input water into the shallow area. When the water in the shallow area increases, it is discharged from the entrances and exits of each shallow area in the reverse direction to simulate tidal movement, making the water activity in the shallow area closer to the natural state, and providing a more comfortable natural environment for all creatures in the shallow area.

[0046] Preferably, a plurality of artificial ecological islands are provided in the shoal area, and the artificial ecological islands include an annular island wall constructed in the shoal area. When the water level in the shoal area is at the lowest point of low tide, the top of the island wall is 5 to 10 cm below the water level plane, and the island wall is filled with a combined ecological filler. The combined ecological filler is composed of an ecological island base layer, an ecological island buffer layer and an ecological island surface layer from top to bottom. When the water level in the shoal area is at the lowest point of low tide, the top of the ecological island buffer layer is 5 to 10 cm above the water level plane, and the top of the ecological island surface layer has a plurality of interwoven island circulation grooves. When the water level in the shoal area is at the highest point of high tide, the bottom of the island circulation groove is 5 to 10 cm below the water level plane;

[0047] The base of the ecological island is a mixture of pebbles, biological ceramsite and zeolite;

[0048] The buffer layer of the ecological island is a mixture of gravel and fine sand;

[0049] The surface layer of the ecological island is soil matrix;

[0050] Herbs are planted on the surface of the ecological island, including Bermuda grass, Zoysia japonica, Ophiopogon japonicus, White clover, Dianthus chinensis, Buffalo grass and Ophiopogon japonicus.

[0051] Note: Setting up multiple artificial ecological islands within the shallows structure is conducive to attracting insects and other small animals to live and reproduce, thereby increasing species diversity.

[0052] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are embodied in the following aspects:

[0053] 1. The present invention has a reasonable design and a maze-like shallow structure, which can enrich the surrounding suitable aquatic animals in the shallow area, thereby improving the predation efficiency of target wading birds, enhancing their population breeding capacity, expanding the animal landscape and ecological restoration effect, and also providing convenience for the investigation and monitoring of surrounding wading birds, especially rare species of wading birds;

[0054] 2. The labyrinth area of ​​the present invention is filled with complex passages, and uses materials that are difficult for aquatic animals to pass through (such as stones, wood piles, mud, wood boards, etc.) to construct water flow barriers, so that aquatic animals are not easy to come out after entering the labyrinth, and are trapped in it, thereby achieving the effect of enriching aquatic animals;

[0055] 3. When constructing the maze area of ​​the present invention, the overall pattern can be constructed in a specific style, thereby forming a special landscape, which can provide humanistic and economic value while realizing ecological value;

[0056] 4. In the shallow area of ​​the present invention, a soil matrix suitable for the reproduction of native benthic animals and plants is filled in the water area, and native aquatic plants are planted to form a microhabitat, which attracts surrounding aquatic animals to gather in the maze;

[0057] 5. The matrix of the present invention can be combined with a variety of biological fillers such as biological ceramsite, zeolite, etc., and can also be three-dimensionally configured with a variety of aquatic plants, such as emergent plants cattail, reed, etc., and submerged plants duckweed, black algae, etc., to provide a habitat suitable for the growth of microorganisms and benthic animals and improve the stability of the microhabitat.

[0058] 6. The present invention arranges filters with specific apertures at the entrance and exit of the shallow area, thereby allowing the target wading birds to be attracted to enter the maze and excluding oversized species from entering. The filters can be made of natural and durable materials such as bamboo nets. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0059] Figure 1 It is a top view of the overall layout of the present invention;

[0060] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the main passage of the maze of the present invention;

[0061] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the filter control mechanism of the present invention;

[0062] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Bottom view of

[0063] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the local circulation gate of the present invention;

[0064] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of a plant planting constraint ring of the present invention;

[0065] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 A top view of

[0066] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the water circulation containing pipe of the present invention;

[0067] Fig. 9 It is a structural schematic diagram of the communicating vessel water reservoir of the present invention;

[0068] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the artificial ecological island of the present invention;

[0069] Fig.11 yes Fig.10 Top view of the .

[0070] In the figure, 10-shoal outer wall, 100-shoal area, 101-shoal area entrance and exit, 11-maze area, 111-maze main channel, 112-maze side channel, 12-water flow barrier, 121-filling base layer, 122-filling buffer layer, 123-filling surface layer, 13-channel interception filter, 14-filter control mechanism, 141-filter control support beam, 1410-rotating shaft connection hole, 142-filter plate connection shaft, 143 -Forward filter plate, 144-reverse filter plate, 145-filter plate drive housing, 146-filter plate drive motor, 15-local flow gate, 151-gate lifting support pipe, 150-flow control gate, 1510-lifting connecting groove, 152-gate lifting connecting column, 153-lifting control threaded hole, 154-lifting drive threaded rod, 155-lifting drive motor, 20-microhabitat structure, 21-microhabitat wall, 210-microhabitat water domain, 22-plant planting constraint ring, 221-plant fixed constraint net, 222-fixed constraint pipe, 223-fixed steel chisel, 30-water circulation mechanism, 31-water circulation holding pipe, 310-water circulation flow hole, 311-water external discharge temporary storage pipe, 312-water external discharge pipe, 32-connecting vessel reservoir, 321-water circulation pump, 322-circulation external discharge pipe, 33-floating object filter mechanism, 331-floating object filter pipe, 3310-water Body circulation flow trough, 332-floating object filter net bag, 333-filter pipe limit plate, 334-pick-up and drop handle, 34-reverse circulation mechanism, 341-reverse circulation delivery pipe, 3410-reverse circulation external discharge pipe, 342-reverse circulation delivery pump, 40-artificial ecological island, 41-island wall, 42-combined ecological filler, 421-ecological island base layer, 422-ecological island buffer layer, 423-ecological island surface layer, 424-island circulation trough. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0071] Combine the following Figure 1-Figure 11The present invention is described in detail. For the convenience of description, the directions mentioned below are defined as follows: the up, down, left, right, front, and back directions mentioned below are consistent with the up, down, left, right, front, and back directions of the projection relationship of the respective main views or structural schematic diagrams themselves.

[0072] Embodiment 1:

[0073] A shallow structure that attracts wading birds, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes a shoal area 100 formed by being surrounded by a shoal peripheral wall 10 constructed on the shore, and a microhabitat structure 20 is arranged in the shoal area 100;

[0074] A maze area 11 is constructed in the shallow area 100, and the maze area 11 is composed of a maze main passage 111 and a plurality of maze side passages 112 connected thereto;

[0075] The shallow area peripheral wall 10 is provided with a plurality of shallow area entrances and exits 101;

[0076] The microhabitat structure 20 includes a microhabitat enclosure 21 which is constructed in a ring shape in the shallow area 100 . The area surrounded by the microhabitat enclosure 21 forms a microhabitat water area 210 . A plurality of plant planting constraint rings 22 are fixed in the microhabitat water area 210 .

[0077] The fixed and restrained plants in the plant planting restraint ring 22 include cattails and reeds;

[0078] The water level of the shallow area 100 gradually deepens from near to far from the shore. The water level of the shallow area 100 close to the shore is 15 cm, and the deepest water level of the shallow area 100 is 30 cm.

[0079] like Figure 2 As shown, both sides of the labyrinth main channel 111 and the labyrinth side channel 112 are composed of water flow barrier dams 12, and the bottom of the labyrinth main channel 111, the labyrinth side channel 112 and the microhabitat water area 210 are filled with a filler base layer 121, a filler buffer layer 122 and a filler surface layer 123 from bottom to top;

[0080] The water flow barrier 12 is constructed of stone;

[0081] The filler base 121 is made of pebbles, biological ceramsite and zeolite in a mass ratio of 3:1:2;

[0082] The filler buffer layer 122 is made of gravel and fine sand mixed in a mass ratio of 2:1;

[0083] The filler surface layer 123 is a soil matrix.

[0084] like Figure 1 As shown, multiple channel interception filters 13 are fixed in the labyrinth main channel 111 and the labyrinth side channel 112;

[0085] The channel interception filter 13 is a bamboo mesh with an aperture of 10 cm.

[0086] like Figure 1 As shown, a filter control mechanism 14 is provided at the entrance and exit 101 of the shoal area. Figure 3 As shown, the filter control mechanism 14 includes a filter control support beam 141 fixed on the top of the shallow area entrance 101, and the two ends of the filter control support beam 141 are respectively fixed on the shallow area outer wall 10 at both ends of the shallow area entrance 101, and the filter control support beam 141 has a vertically penetrating shaft connection hole 1410, and a vertically extending filter plate connection shaft 142 is rotatably connected in the shaft connection hole 1410, and a positive filter plate 143 and a reverse filter plate 144 arranged vertically and crosswise are fixed on the filter plate connection shaft 142;

[0087] A filter plate drive housing 145 is fixed on the top of the filter control support beam 141, and the top of the filter plate connecting shaft 142 extends into the filter plate drive housing 145. A filter plate drive motor 146 for driving the filter plate connecting shaft 142 to rotate is fixed in the filter plate drive housing 145;

[0088] The filter plate drive motor 146 is a servo motor;

[0089] The filter holes on the forward filter plate 143 have a diameter of 10 cm, and the filter holes on the reverse filter plate 144 have a diameter of 1 cm.

[0090] like Figure 6 , Figure 7 As shown, a plant fixing constraint net 221 is fixed to the inner side of the plant planting constraint ring 22 , and a plurality of fixing constraint tubes 222 are fixed to the outer side of the plant planting constraint ring 22 , and a fixing steel bar 223 is slidably connected in the fixing constraint tube 222 .

[0091] like Figure 1 As shown, a plurality of water circulation mechanisms 30 are provided in the shallow area 100, such as Figure 8 As shown, the water circulation mechanism 30 includes a water circulation containing pipe 31 fixed in the shallow area 100 and opening upward, and a water outflow temporary storage pipe 311 coaxial with the water circulation containing pipe 31 and opening upward is fixed at the bottom of the water circulation containing pipe 31. Fig. 9 As shown, the water external discharge temporary storage pipe 311 is connected to the communicating water reservoir 32 through the water external discharge pipe 312, and a water circulation pump 321 is fixed in the communicating water reservoir 32. The output end of the water circulation pump 321 is connected to the outside of the communicating water reservoir 32 through the circulating external discharge pipe 322;

[0092] The side wall of the water circulation containing pipe 31 is provided with a plurality of water circulation holes 310 communicating with each other inside and outside;

[0093] The communicating vessel reservoir 32 is constructed downstream of the shallow area 100 to prevent the noise generated by the water pump from causing adverse effects on wading birds during operation.

[0094] Embodiment 2:

[0095] On the basis of Example 1, Figure 1 As shown, the other end of the labyrinth passage 112 has a local flow gate 15, such as Figure 5 As shown, the local flow gate 15 includes a gate lifting support tube 151 extending vertically, and a flow control gate 150 slidably matched with the gate lifting support tube 151;

[0096] A gate lifting connection column 152 is slidably connected in the gate lifting support tube 151, and a vertically extending lifting connecting groove 1510 is provided on the side of the gate lifting support tube 151, and the flow control gate 150 is fixedly connected to the gate lifting connection column 152;

[0097] The gate lifting connection column 152 has a vertically penetrating lifting control threaded hole 153, and the lifting control threaded hole 153 is threadedly connected to a vertically extending lifting drive threaded rod 154. A lifting drive motor 155 is fixed in the gate lifting support tube 151, and the output shaft of the lifting drive motor 155 is transmission-connected to the lifting drive threaded rod 154.

[0098] Embodiment 3:

[0099] On the basis of Example 2, Figure 8 As shown, a floating object filtering mechanism 33 is provided on the water body circulation containing pipe 31, and the floating object filtering mechanism 33 includes a floating object filtering pipe 331 which is slidably connected in the water body circulation containing pipe 31 and has an opening facing downward, and a plurality of water body circulation flow grooves 3310 communicating with each other are provided on the side of the floating object filtering pipe 331, and a floating object filtering net bag 332 is fixed at the lower end of the floating object filtering pipe 331;

[0100] A filter pipe limiting plate 333 is fixed on the top of the floating object filter pipe 331 , and a pick-up and placement handle 334 is fixed on the top of the filter pipe limiting plate 333 .

[0101] Embodiment 4:

[0102] On the basis of Example 3, Figure 1 As shown, a reverse circulation mechanism 34 is provided in the area of ​​the shallow area 100 near the shore, and the reverse circulation mechanism 34 includes a reverse circulation delivery pipe 341 extending along the outer wall 10 of the shallow area near the shore, and a plurality of reverse circulation outer discharge pipes 3410 connected to the reverse circulation delivery pipe 341 are fixed thereon, and a reverse circulation delivery pump 342 is provided in connection with the reverse circulation delivery pipe 341, and the reverse circulation delivery pump 342 is arranged upstream of the shallow area 100.

[0103] Embodiment 5:

[0104] On the basis of Example 4, Figure 1 As shown, a plurality of artificial ecological islands 40 are provided in the shallow area 100, such as Fig.10 , Fig.11 As shown, the artificial ecological island 40 includes a circular island wall 41 built in the shallow area 100. When the water level in the shallow area is at the lowest point of low tide, the top of the island wall 41 is 10 cm below the water level plane. The island wall 41 is filled with a combined ecological filler 42. The combined ecological filler 42 is composed of an ecological island base layer 421, an ecological island buffer layer 422 and an ecological island surface layer 423 from top to bottom. When the water level in the shallow area is at the lowest point of low tide, the top of the ecological island buffer layer 422 is 10 cm above the water level plane. The top of the ecological island surface layer 423 has a plurality of interwoven island circulation grooves 424. When the water level in the shallow area is at the highest point of high tide, the bottom of the island circulation groove is 5 cm below the water level plane.

[0105] The ecological island base 421 is made of pebbles, biological ceramsite and zeolite in a mass ratio of 3:1:2;

[0106] The ecological island buffer layer 422 is a mixture of gravel and fine sand in a mass ratio of 2:1;

[0107] The surface layer 423 of the ecological island is soil matrix;

[0108] Herbs are planted on the surface 423 of the ecological island, including Bermuda grass, Zoysia japonica, and Ophiopogon japonicus.

[0109] Embodiment 6:

[0110] The difference from Example 5 is that the plant planting constraint ring 22 contains duckweed and black algae for fixed constraint planting;

[0111] The water level of the shallow area 100 gradually deepens from the shore to the far side. The water level of the shallow area 100 close to the shore is 5 cm, and the deepest water level of the shallow area 100 is 20 cm.

[0112] The water flow barrier 12 is constructed of wooden piles;

[0113] The filler base 121 is made of pebbles, biological ceramsite and zeolite mixed in a mass ratio of 2:2:1;

[0114] The filler buffer layer 122 is made of gravel and fine sand mixed in a mass ratio of 1:1;

[0115] The channel interception filter 13 is a bamboo mesh with a pore size of 5 cm;

[0116] The filter holes on the forward filter plate 143 have a diameter of 5 cm, and the filter holes on the reverse filter plate 144 have a diameter of 0.2 cm;

[0117] When the water level in the shoal area is at the lowest point of low tide, the top of the island wall 41 is 5 cm below the water level plane. When the water level in the shoal area is at the lowest point of low tide, the top of the ecological island buffer layer 422 is 5 cm above the water level plane. When the water level in the shoal area is at the highest point of high tide, the bottom of the island flow channel is 10 cm below the water level plane. The herbaceous plants planted on the surface layer 423 of the ecological island include white clover, horsetail, buffalo grass, and ophiopogon;

[0118] The ecological island base 421 is made of pebbles, biological ceramsite and zeolite in a mass ratio of 2:2:1;

[0119] The ecological island buffer layer 422 is formed by mixing gravel and fine sand in a mass ratio of 1:1.

[0120] Embodiment 7:

[0121] The difference from Example 5 is that the fixed and constrained plants in the plant planting constraint ring 22 include cattail, reed, duckweed and black algae;

[0122] The water level of the shallow area 100 gradually deepens from the shore to the far side. The water level of the shallow area 100 close to the shore is 10 cm, and the deepest water level of the shallow area 100 is 25 cm.

[0123] The water flow barrier 12 is constructed of wooden planks;

[0124] The filler base 121 is made of pebbles, biological ceramsite and zeolite mixed in a mass ratio of 1:2:1;

[0125] The filler buffer layer 122 is made of a mixture of gravel and fine sand in a mass ratio of 1:2;

[0126] The channel interception filter 13 is a bamboo mesh with a pore size of 7 cm;

[0127] The filter holes on the forward filter plate 143 have a diameter of 7 cm, and the filter holes on the reverse filter plate 144 have a diameter of 0.6 cm;

[0128] When the water level in the shoal area is at the lowest point of low tide, the top of the island wall 41 is 7 cm below the water level plane. When the water level in the shoal area is at the lowest point of low tide, the top of the ecological island buffer layer 422 is 7 cm above the water level plane. When the water level in the shoal area is at the highest point of high tide, the bottom of the island flow channel is 8 cm below the water level plane. The herbaceous plants planted on the surface layer 423 of the ecological island include Cynodon dactylon, Zoysia japonica, Ophiopogon japonicus, Trifolium repens, Digitaria japonica, Buffalo grass, and Ophiopogon japonicus.

[0129] The ecological island base 421 is made of pebbles, biological ceramsite and zeolite in a mass ratio of 1:2:1;

[0130] The ecological island buffer layer 422 is composed of a mixture of gravel and fine sand in a mass ratio of 1:2.

[0131] Application examples:

[0132] In the actual application of the present invention, the site selection and construction process of the shallow area 100 are as follows:

[0133] S1. Preliminary investigation:

[0134] According to the historical data or survey of the area, determine the attraction objects in the area. Taking egrets as an example, confirm the water depth area where egrets appear, requiring the water depth to be less than 30cm, and confirm the size of the food that egrets like to prey on, such as fish with a body length of less than 10cm and a body width of less than 5cm. In addition, conduct a bird resource survey in the proposed construction area and its surrounding 2km to determine the number and distribution data of egrets, and at the same time investigate the species of local benthic animals, fish, and aquatic plants;

[0135] S2. Site selection:

[0136] After preliminary investigation of S1 confirmed that there are egrets in the proposed construction area, a shallow area with rich aquatic biological resources, little human interference and suitable water depth is selected, such as an area of ​​0.1 square kilometers, and the shallow water depth in this area is <30cm. There are native aquatic plants in the shallows of this area, which can be used to construct microhabitats and build a shallow structure to attract wading birds.

[0137] S3. Build a maze:

[0138] Silt is used as a barrier dam, and a filter with a pore size of 5 cm is set at the entrance. At the same time, a soil matrix suitable for the growth of benthic animals and plants is laid in the area, and native aquatic plants such as reeds and duckweed are arranged in a three-dimensional manner to form a microhabitat. According to the topography of the shallow area selected by S2, the shape of the maze is reasonably designed to form a unique landscape.

[0139] In the actual application process of the present invention, the maze-like shoal structure can enrich the surrounding suitable aquatic animals in the shoal area, thereby improving the predation efficiency of the target wading birds, enhancing their population breeding capacity, expanding the animal landscape and ecological restoration effect, and also facilitating the investigation and monitoring of the surrounding wading birds, especially rare species of wading birds;

[0140] The labyrinth area of ​​the present invention has a labyrinth main passage 111 and a plurality of labyrinth side passages 112 connected thereto, and uses materials that are difficult for aquatic animals to pass through, such as stones, wood piles, mud, and wood boards, to construct a water flow barrier 12, so that aquatic animals are not easy to come out after entering the labyrinth and are trapped therein, thereby achieving the effect of enriching aquatic animals;

[0141] The water in the shallow area 100 enters the water circulation pipe 31 through the water circulation holes 310, and the water in the water circulation pipe 31 enters the water discharge temporary storage pipe 311 from the top of the water discharge temporary storage pipe 311;

[0142] The water discharge temporary storage pipe 311, the water discharge temporary storage pipe 312 and the communicating vessel water storage tank 32 form a communicating vessel, and the communicating vessel water storage tank 32 is located at a lower level than the water discharge temporary storage pipe 311, so that the water in the shoal area 100 can flow to the communicating vessel water storage tank 32 under the action of gravity. After the water in the shoal area 100 is reduced, the water in the river channel flows into the shoal area 100 through each shoal area entrance and exit 101 to replenish the water in the shoal area 100. In this way, the water in the shoal area 100 always maintains good water quality and ensures that there is enough dissolved oxygen in the water to provide microbial activity.

[0143] In the process of replenishing the water in the shallow area 100, it is also possible to promote the edible organisms of wading birds in the river water to enter the shallow area 100.

[0144] When the water in the shoal area 100 enters the water circulation pipe 31 through the water circulation holes 310, the floating debris on the water surface will be brought into the water circulation pipe 31. The floating debris on the water surface will be intercepted and filtered by the floating debris interception mechanism 33, thereby purifying the water body and avoiding blockage of the water body discharge temporary storage pipe 311 and the water body discharge pipe 312. The water in the shoal area 100 enters the floating debris interception pipe 331 through the water circulation holes 310 and then through the water circulation groove 3310. After being filtered by the floating debris interception net bag 332, the water is discharged from the lower end of the floating debris interception pipe 331, and finally enters the water body circulation pipe 31.

[0145] The floating object filter pipe 331 can be taken out from the top of the water body circulation containing pipe 31, so as to facilitate the disassembly of the floating object filter net bag 332 and clean up the debris intercepted on the floating object filter net bag 332;

[0146] Water is input into the shallow area 100 by using the reverse flow mechanism 34. When the water in the shallow area 100 increases, it is discharged from the entrances and exits 101 of each shallow area in the reverse direction to simulate tidal movement, so that the water movement in the shallow area 100 is closer to the natural state, providing a more comfortable natural environment for all creatures in the shallow area 100.

[0147] The reverse flow delivery pump 342 is used to draw water from the upstream and deliver the water to the reverse flow delivery pipe 341. The water in the reverse flow delivery pipe 341 is then discharged through each reverse flow external discharge pipe 3410. The newly input water body makes the water in the shoal area 100 flow from the shore to each shoal area entrance 101 as a whole.

[0148] When the water in the river flows into the shallow area 100 through the entrances and exits 101 of the shallow area, the filter plate driving motor 146 drives the filter plate connecting shaft 142 to rotate, so that the positive filter plate 143 is intercepted in the entrance and exit 101 of the shallow area. The aperture of the positive filter plate 143 is large, which facilitates the organisms in the river water to enter the shallow area 100.

[0149] When the water in the shoal area 100 flows into the river channel through the entrances and exits 101 of the shoal area, the filter plate driving motor 146 drives the filter plate connecting shaft 142 to rotate, so that the reverse filter plate 144 is intercepted in the entrance and exit 101 of the shoal area. The aperture of the reverse filter plate 144 is small, so as to prevent the organisms in the shoal area 100 from escaping.

[0150] The plant planting restraint ring 22 is convenient for fixing and restraining the plants planted in the microhabitat water area 210. A plurality of fixing steel pins 223 are inserted into the soil to fix the plant planting restraint ring 22, and then the plants are fixed to the plant fixing restraint net 221 using hemp ropes.

[0151] The local circulation gate 15 is used to facilitate the control of the water flow rate in the maze main channel 111 and each maze side channel 112. The lifting drive motor 155 drives the lifting drive threaded rod 154 to rotate, thereby driving the gate lifting connecting column 152 to lift and move along the axis of the gate lifting support tube 151. The gate lifting connecting column 152 drives the circulation control gate 150 to lift and move together. The circulation control gate 150 controls the degree of opening of the end of the maze main channel 111 and each maze side channel 112, thereby controlling the water flow rate in the maze main channel 111 and the maze side channel 112.

Claims

1. A shoal structure for attracting wading birds, characterized in that: The invention comprises a shoal area (100) formed by being surrounded by a shoal outer wall (10) and constructed on the shore, wherein a microhabitat structure (20) is arranged in the shoal area (100); A maze area (11) is constructed in the shallow area (100), and the maze area (11) is composed of a maze main channel (111) and a maze side channel (112) connected thereto; The shallow area peripheral wall (10) is provided with a plurality of shallow area entrances and exits (101); The microhabitat structure (20) comprises a microhabitat enclosure wall (21) in an annular shape built in a shoal area (100); the area surrounded by the microhabitat enclosure wall (21) forms a microhabitat water area (210); and a plurality of plant planting constraint rings (22) are fixed in the microhabitat water area (210).

2. A shoal structure for attracting wading birds according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both sides of the labyrinth main channel (111) and the labyrinth side channel (112) are composed of water flow barrier dikes (12), and the bottom of the labyrinth main channel (111), the labyrinth side channel (112) and the microhabitat water area (210) are filled with a filler base layer (121), a filler buffer layer (122) and a filler surface layer (123) in sequence from bottom to top.

3. A shoal structure for attracting wading birds according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of channel intercepting filters (13) are fixed in the labyrinth main channel (111) and the labyrinth side channel (112).

4. A shoal structure for attracting wading birds according to claim 1, characterized in that: A filter control mechanism (14) is provided at the entrance (101) of the shoal area. The filter control mechanism (14) comprises a filter control support beam (141) fixed on the top of the entrance (101) of the shoal area. Both ends of the filter control support beam (141) are respectively fixed to the shoal outer wall (10) at both ends of the entrance (101) of the shoal area. The filter control support beam (141) has a vertically penetrating rotating shaft connection hole (1410). A vertically extending filter plate connection shaft (142) is rotatably connected in the rotating shaft connection hole (1410). A positive filter plate (143) and a reverse filter plate (144) arranged vertically and crosswise are fixed to the filter plate connection shaft (142). A filter plate drive housing (145) is fixed on the top of the filter control support crossbeam (141), and the top of the filter plate connecting shaft (142) extends into the inside of the filter plate drive housing (145). A filter plate drive motor (146) for driving the filter plate connecting shaft (142) to rotate is fixed in the filter plate drive housing (145).

5. A shoal structure for attracting wading birds according to claim 1, characterized in that: The other end of the labyrinth side channel (112) is provided with a local circulation gate (15), and the local circulation gate (15) comprises a gate lifting support tube (151) extending vertically, and a circulation control gate (150) slidably matched with the gate lifting support tube (151); A gate lifting connection column (152) is slidably connected inside the gate lifting support tube (151), a vertically extending lifting connecting groove (1510) is provided on the side of the gate lifting support tube (151), and the flow control gate (150) is fixedly connected to the gate lifting connection column (152); The gate lifting connection column (152) is provided with a vertically penetrating lifting control threaded hole (153), and the lifting control threaded hole (153) is threadedly connected to a vertically extending lifting drive threaded rod (154). A lifting drive motor (155) is fixed inside the gate lifting support tube (151), and the output shaft of the lifting drive motor (155) is transmission-connected to the lifting drive threaded rod (154).

6. A shoal structure for attracting wading birds according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plant fixing constraint net (221) is fixed on the inner side of the plant planting constraint ring (22), and a plurality of fixing constraint tubes (222) are fixed on the outer side of the plant planting constraint ring (22), wherein a fixing steel bar (223) is slidably connected in the fixing constraint tube (222).

7. A shoal structure for attracting wading birds according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of water circulation mechanisms (30) are provided in the shoal area (100), and the water circulation mechanisms (30) include a water circulation containing pipe (31) fixed in the shoal area (100) and opening upwards, a water external discharge temporary storage pipe (311) coaxial with the water external discharge pipe (31) and opening upwards is fixed at the bottom of the water circulation containing pipe (31), the water external discharge temporary storage pipe (311) is connected to a communicating vessel water reservoir (32) through a water external discharge pipe (312), a water circulation pump (321) is fixed in the communicating vessel water reservoir (32), and the output end of the water circulation pump (321) is connected to the outside of the communicating vessel water reservoir (32) through a circulation external discharge pipe (322); The side wall of the water circulation containing pipe (31) is provided with a plurality of water circulation holes (310) communicating with each other inside and outside.

8. A shoal structure for attracting wading birds according to claim 7, characterized in that: The water body circulation and containing pipe (31) is provided with a floating object filtering mechanism (33), the floating object filtering mechanism (33) comprising a floating object filtering pipe (331) slidably connected in the water body circulation and containing pipe (31) and opening downward, the floating object filtering pipe (331) has a plurality of water body circulation flow grooves (3310) communicating with each other on the side surface, and a floating object filtering net bag (332) is fixed at the lower end of the floating object filtering pipe (331); A filter pipe limiting plate (333) is fixed on the top of the floating object filter pipe (331), and a pick-up and placement handle (334) is fixed on the top of the filter pipe limiting plate (333).

9. A shoal structure for attracting wading birds according to claim 1, characterized in that: A reverse circulation mechanism (34) is provided in the area of ​​the shoal area (100) close to the shore. The reverse circulation mechanism (34) comprises a reverse circulation delivery pipe (341) extending along the outer wall (10) of the shoal close to the shore. A plurality of reverse circulation outer discharge pipes (3410) connected to the reverse circulation delivery pipe (341) are fixed. A reverse circulation delivery pump (342) is provided in connection with the reverse circulation delivery pipe (341). The reverse circulation delivery pump (342) is arranged upstream of the shoal area (100).

10. A shoal structure for attracting wading birds according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of artificial ecological islands (40) are arranged in the shoal area (100), and the artificial ecological islands (40) include an annular island enclosure wall (41) constructed in the shoal area (100), and the interior of the island enclosure wall (41) is filled with a combined ecological filler (42), and the combined ecological filler (42) is composed of an ecological island base layer (421), an ecological island buffer layer (422) and an ecological island surface layer (423) from top to bottom, and the top of the ecological island surface layer (423) is provided with a plurality of interwoven island circulation grooves (424).

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