An elevated five-axis linkage machine tool

Abstract

The present invention discloses an elevated five-axis linkage machine tool, comprising a machine body, a loading platform movably arranged on the machine body, a mounting shaft movably arranged on the machine body at one side of the loading platform, a tool holder fixedly arranged on the machine body below the mounting shaft, a slide groove provided on the tool holder, a moving block slidably arranged in the slide groove, a plurality of grooves provided in a linear array on the moving block, a partition fixedly arranged in the groove, a screw rod arranged on one side of the partition, the screw rod movably passes through the bottom of the moving block and threads are arranged on the upper and lower sides of the screw rod, the threads are rotated in opposite directions, the screw rod is located on the outer side of the upper thread and is adapted to be connected with a mounting cylinder, the mounting cylinder is slidably connected to the partition, and an opening and closing component for shielding the opening of the groove is arranged on the side wall of the groove. The elevated five-axis linkage machine tool provided by the present invention can realize that the baffle is in an open state when the mounting cylinder and the tool are moved outward for assembly through the cooperation of the connecting plate and the limiting plate, so as to facilitate the assembly of the tool by the mounting shaft.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of machine tools, in particular to an elevated five-axis linkage machine tool. Background Art

[0002] Five-axis linkage means that there are at least five coordinate axes (three linear coordinates and two rotational coordinates) on a machine tool, and they can coordinate movement simultaneously for processing under the control of a computer numerical control system. The five-axis linkage CNC machine tool is a high-tech, high-precision machine tool specially used for processing complex surfaces. In addition, the five-axis linkage machine tool does not require special fixtures during processing, which reduces the cost of fixtures, avoids multiple clamping, and improves mold processing accuracy.

[0003] In actual production, for conventional parts processing, CNC lathes can complete the cutting in one time without changing the tool. However, for workpieces that need rough processing and fine processing, especially materials with higher hardness, tool adjustment and replacement are required. Therefore, a tool magazine is generally set up on one side of the machine tool. The types of tool magazines include disc-shaped tool magazines and straight-row tool magazines. The disc-shaped tool magazine usually sets a circular array of multiple tools of different specifications on the tool magazine. When the tool needs to be replaced, the position of the tool is adjusted by rotating the disc. When the tool needs to be replaced in the straight-row tool magazine, the tool magazine is moved horizontally to move closer to the tool head to facilitate tool replacement.

[0004] However, there is usually no shielding and protection for the tools on the outside of the straight-row tool magazine or the disc-shaped tool magazine. The tools are often exposed on the tool magazine rack. Since the tool magazine is usually located near the machining table, chips and other debris generated during the machining process may fall on the tool edge. In addition, dust may also accumulate on the tool during non-machining time, which requires the operator to clean it regularly, otherwise it may affect the machining accuracy. Therefore, it is necessary to design a five-axis linkage machine tool that can protect the tools. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an elevated five-axis linkage machine tool to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: an elevated five-axis linkage machine tool, comprising a machine body, a loading platform movably arranged on the machine body, a mounting shaft movably arranged on the machine body at one side of the loading platform, a tool holder fixedly arranged on the machine body below the mounting shaft, a slide groove provided on the tool holder, a moving block slidably arranged in the slide groove, a plurality of grooves provided in a linear array on the moving block, a partition plate fixedly arranged in the groove, a screw rod provided on one side of the partition plate, the screw rod movably passes through the bottom of the moving block and threads are provided on the upper and lower sides of the screw rod, the two threads rotate in opposite directions, the screw rod is located on the upper outer side of the thread and is adaptably connected to a mounting cylinder, the mounting cylinder is slidably connected to the partition plate, and an opening and closing component for covering the opening of the groove is provided on the side wall of the groove.

[0007] As a further solution of the present invention: the opening and closing assembly includes a rotating rod axially symmetrically arranged on both sides of the groove, both ends of the rotating rod are rotatably connected to the inner wall of the groove, the outer fixed sleeve of the rotating rod is provided with a baffle, the two baffles are movably abutted, the bottom of the baffle is fixedly connected to a fixed plate, one side of the fixed plate is rotatably connected to a triangular plate, the triangular plate is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the groove, the other end of the triangular plate is rotatably connected to a rotating plate, the movable block is located between the two rotating plates and is rotatably provided with a deflection plate, and the two rotating plates are respectively rotatably connected to the two ends of the deflection plate.

[0008] As a further solution of the present invention: a round rod is fixedly provided through the center of the deflection plate, the round rod is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the groove, a limit plate is fixedly provided at one end of the round rod away from the deflection plate, a cross plate is movably sleeved on the outside of the round rod, one end of the cross plate is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the groove, a torsion spring is fixedly provided between the cross plate and the round rod, a connecting plate is fixedly provided on one side of the mounting tube, and the connecting plate is movably abutted against the limit plate.

[0009] As a further solution of the present invention: the screw rod is located at the outer side of the lower thread and is adaptably connected to a moving cylinder, a moving rod is fixedly provided on one side of the moving cylinder, the moving rod is slidably connected to the partition, a fixed frame is fixedly provided at the bottom of the groove, a lifting block is slidably provided on the fixed frame, the moving rod is fixedly connected to the lifting block, a cross bar is movably provided at the center of the lifting block, a positioning block is fixedly provided on one side of the cross bar, and a cylinder is movably provided on one end of the positioning block away from the cross bar.

[0010] As a further solution of the present invention: a rotating block is fixedly provided at one end of the cross bar away from the positioning block, a limiting groove is provided on one side of the fixed frame, a limiting rod is provided at one end of the rotating block away from the cross bar, and the limiting rod is slidably connected to the limiting groove.

[0011] As a further solution of the present invention: a movable groove is provided on the top of the positioning block, a sliding block is slidably arranged in the movable groove, the top of the sliding block is fixedly connected to the bottom of the cylinder, and a first spring is fixed between the sliding block and the bottom of the movable groove.

[0012] As a further solution of the present invention: a circular ring is fixedly provided on one side of the lifting block close to the positioning block, the cross bar movably passes through the circular ring, a plurality of inclined blocks are arranged in a circular array on the circular ring, a push rod is fixedly provided on one end of the sliding block close to the circular ring, and the push rod movably abuts against the inclined block at one end away from the sliding block.

[0013] As a further solution of the present invention: a groove is provided at the end of the screw rod, a block is movably provided in the groove, a gear is fixedly sleeved outside the block, a rack is provided at the bottom of the groove, and the gear is meshed with the rack for transmission.

[0014] As a further solution of the present invention: a transverse groove is provided on the moving block, a sliding plate is slidably arranged in the transverse groove, a plurality of positioning grooves are provided in a linear array on the sliding plate, a vertical groove is provided on one side of the transverse groove of the moving block, a positioning rod is movably arranged in the vertical groove, a second spring is fixedly arranged between the positioning rod and the bottom of the vertical groove, the positioning rod is movably abutted against the positioning groove, an annular groove is provided on the outer side of the blocking block, a pressure rod is provided at the end of the positioning rod, the pressure rod is movably abutted against the annular groove, a vertical rod is fixedly arranged on one side of the sliding plate of the moving block, the vertical rod is slidably connected to the sliding plate, and a third spring is fixedly arranged between the vertical rod and the sliding plate.

[0015] As a further solution of the present invention: the sliding plate is provided with a reset groove on one side of the positioning groove, the moving block is provided with a lifting groove on one side of the reset groove, a reset rod is movably arranged in the lifting groove, the reset rod is movably abutted against the reset groove, and a fourth spring is fixedly arranged between the reset rod and the bottom of the lifting groove.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] (1) Through the cooperation of the connecting plate and the limit plate, the baffle can be kept in an open state when the installation cylinder and the tool are moved outward for assembly. This design facilitates the assembly of the tool by the installation shaft and improves the convenience of operation;

[0018] (2) The function of the torsion spring is to ensure that the baffle is in a closed state when the mounting tube and the tool are located inside the groove. This mechanism can protect the tool from the ingress of debris and maintain the cleanliness and integrity of the tool;

[0019] (3) The contact between the limiting rod and the limiting groove can realize the overturning of the cylinder and pour out the debris inside it;

[0020] (4) The contact between the push rod and the inclined block can drive the cylinder to move horizontally during the cylinder lifting process. Combined with the characteristics of the first spring, this design can drive the cylinder to shake and further remove debris inside the cylinder;

[0021] (5) The abutment between the positioning rod and the positioning groove can control the selected group of tools to move to the outside of the groove, while the tools of the remaining groups remain stationary. This provides precise tool selection and movement control, enhancing the operational flexibility of the machine tool;

[0022] (6) The cooperation between the reset rod and the reset groove enables the sliding plate to return to its original position to select a new tool. This process simplifies the tool replacement process and improves the working efficiency of the machine tool. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure when the baffle is closed in the present invention.

[0025] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the groove in the present invention.

[0026] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the opening and closing component in the present invention.

[0027] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the positional relationship between the moving block and the tool holder in the present invention.

[0028] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the positional relationship between the gear and the rack in the present invention.

[0029] Figure 7 for Figure 6 Enlarged schematic diagram of part A in the middle.

[0030] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of the screw rod in the present invention.

[0031] Fig. 9 It is a schematic structural diagram of the third spring in the present invention.

[0032] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the limiting groove in the present invention.

[0033] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the push rod in the present invention.

[0034] Fig.12 It is a schematic structural diagram of the first spring in the present invention.

[0035] Fig.13 It is a structural schematic diagram of the card slot in the present invention.

[0036] In the figure: 1, machine body; 2, loading platform; 3, mounting shaft; 4, partition; 5, tool holder; 51, slide; 6, moving block; 61, horizontal groove; 62, vertical groove; 63, lifting groove; 64, groove; 7, screw rod; 71, card slot; 8, opening and closing assembly; 81, rotating rod; 82, baffle; 83, fixed plate; 84, triangle plate; 85, rotating plate; 86, deflection plate; 9, mounting cylinder; 10, round rod; 11, limit plate; 12, horizontal plate; 13, torsion spring; 14, connecting plate; 15, moving cylinder; 16, moving rod; 17, fixed frame; 1 71. Limiting groove; 18. Lifting block; 19. Crossbar; 20. Positioning block; 201. Moving groove; 21. Cylinder; 22. Rotating block; 23. Limiting rod; 24. Sliding block; 25. First spring; 26. Ring; 27. Oblique block; 28. Push rod; 29. ​​Block; 291. Annular groove; 30. Gear; 31. Rack; 32. Sliding plate; 321. Positioning groove; 322. Reset groove; 33. Positioning rod; 34. Second spring; 35. Press rod; 36. Vertical rod; 37. Third spring; 38. Reset rod; 39. Fourth spring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] See also Figure 1-Figure 13In the embodiment of the present invention, an elevated five-axis linkage machine tool includes a machine body 1, a loading platform 2 is movably provided on the machine body 1, a mounting shaft 3 is movably provided on one side of the loading platform 2, a tool holder 5 is fixedly provided on the machine body 1 below the mounting shaft 3, a slide groove 51 is provided on the tool holder 5, a moving block 6 is slidably provided in the slide groove 51, a plurality of grooves 64 are provided in a linear array on the moving block 6, a partition 4 is fixedly provided in the groove 64, a screw rod 7 is provided on one side of the partition 4, the screw rod 7 movably passes through the bottom of the moving block 6 and threads are provided on the upper and lower sides of the screw rod 7, and the two threads are rotated in opposite directions, the screw rod 7 is located on the outer side of the upper thread and is adapted to be connected with a mounting cylinder 9, the mounting cylinder 9 is slidably connected to the partition 4, and an opening and closing component 8 for covering the opening of the groove 64 is provided on the side wall of the groove 64; in the initial state, multiple sets of tools are placed in the mounting cylinder 9, and the opening and closing components 8 are used to The opening of the groove 64 is blocked to prevent dust from entering the moving block 6 through the groove 64 and adhering to the tool. When the tool needs to be selected for processing, the workpiece to be processed is fixed on the stage 2, and the moving block 6 is moved along the tool holder 5 in the direction close to the mounting axis 3 until the moving block 6 moves to the bottom of the mounting axis 3, and then the mounting axis 3 is moved horizontally to the top of the groove 64 to be selected, and the screw rod 7 is rotated. The rotation of the screw rod 7 drives the mounting cylinder 9 to move upward along the groove 64. During the upward movement of the mounting cylinder 9, the blocking at the opening of the groove 64 is removed by the opening and closing assembly 8, and the mounting cylinder 9 drives the group of tools to move to the outside of the groove 64 and is placed under the mounting axis 3. The mounting axis 3 moves downward and contacts the tool so that the mounting axis 3 assembles the tool. Then the mounting axis 3 drives the group of tools to move upward so that the workpiece fixed on the stage 2 can be processed. The sliding connection between the mounting cylinder 9 and the partition 4 is to prevent the mounting cylinder 9 from rotating with the rotation of the screw rod 7.

[0038] See also Figure 2-Figure 4As shown, in the present embodiment, preferably, the opening and closing assembly 8 comprises a rotating rod 81 axially symmetrically arranged on both sides of the groove 64, both ends of the rotating rod 81 are rotatably connected to the inner wall of the groove 64, a baffle 82 is fixedly sleeved on the outer side of the rotating rod 81, and the two baffles 82 are movably abutted, a fixed plate 83 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the baffle 82, one side of the fixed plate 83 is rotatably connected to a triangular plate 84, the triangular plate 84 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the groove 64, and the other end of the triangular plate 84 is rotatably connected to a rotating plate 85, the moving block 6 is rotatably provided with a deflection plate 86 located between the two rotating plates 85, and the two rotating plates 85 are respectively connected to the two sides of the deflection plate 86 The two ends are rotatably connected; in the initial state, the two baffles 82 are in a horizontal state and the two are in contact with each other. A tool is placed in the mounting tube 9 and the two are located inside the groove 64. When the tool is needed, the screw rod 7 is rotated, and the rotation of the screw rod 7 drives the mounting tube 9 to move upward along the groove 64. At the same time, the deflection plate 86 is rotated clockwise. The rotation of the deflection plate 86 drives the rotating plates 85 on both sides to rotate. The rotation of the rotating plate 85 drives the triangular plate 84 to rotate, so that the fixed plate 83 rotates and then drives the baffle 82 and the rotating rod 81 to rotate. The baffle 82 is turned from the previous horizontal state to the vertical state, thereby exposing the opening of the groove 64, which is convenient for the mounting tube 9 and the tool to move to the outside of the groove 64.

[0039] See also Figure 4 and Figure 8As shown, in the present embodiment, preferably, a round rod 10 is fixedly provided through the center of the deflection plate 86, and the round rod 10 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the groove 64, and a limit plate 11 is fixedly provided at one end of the round rod 10 away from the deflection plate 86, and a transverse plate 12 is movably sleeved on the outer side of the round rod 10, and one end of the transverse plate 12 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the groove 64, and a torsion spring 13 is fixedly provided between the transverse plate 12 and the round rod 10, and a connecting plate 14 is fixedly provided on one side of the mounting tube 9, and the connecting plate 14 is movably abutted against the limit plate 11; the screw rod 7 is rotated, and the rotation of the screw rod 7 drives the mounting tube 9 and the connecting plate 14 to move upward, and the height of the connecting plate 14 is higher than the height of the mounting tube 9 and the tool, and during the rising process of the mounting tube 9, the connecting plate 14 first abuts against the limit plate The plate 11 abuts against the limit plate 11, thereby driving the limit plate 11 to rotate clockwise. The clockwise rotation of the limit plate 11 drives the round rod 10 to rotate. The rotation of the round rod 10 drives the deflection plate 86 to rotate. The rotation of the deflection plate 86 can eventually drive the baffle 82 to turn from a horizontal state to a vertical state, thereby exposing the opening of the groove 64. During this process, the torsion spring 13 is in a torsional energy storage state. After the mounting shaft 3 has assembled the set of tools, the screw rod 7 is rotated in the reverse direction. The reverse rotation of the screw rod 7 drives the mounting cylinder 9 and the connecting plate 14 to move downward until the connecting plate 14 and the limit plate 11 are released from the abutment state. Under the action of the torsion spring 13, the limit plate 11 and the round rod 10 are driven to rotate counterclockwise to the initial position. The rotation of the round rod 10 eventually drives the baffle 82 to return to a horizontal state, and the cross plate 12 provides support for the torsion spring 13.

[0040] See also Figure 8-Figure 10As shown, in this embodiment, preferably, the screw rod 7 is located at the outer side of the lower thread and is adapted to be connected with a moving cylinder 15, a moving rod 16 is fixedly provided on one side of the moving cylinder 15, and the moving rod 16 is slidably connected to the partition 4, a fixed frame 17 is fixedly provided at the bottom of the groove 64, and a lifting block 18 is slidably provided on the fixed frame 17, the moving rod 16 is fixedly connected to the lifting block 18, a cross bar 19 is movably provided through the center of the lifting block 18, a positioning block 20 is fixedly provided on one side of the cross bar 19, and a cylinder 21 is movably provided on the end of the positioning block 20 away from the cross bar 19; in the initial state, the mounting cylinder 9 is located in the groove 64, and the tool head position passes through the mounting cylinder 9 and is located in the cylinder 21, which can prevent dust from adhering to the tool head and affecting the processing accuracy. When the group of tools needs to be taken out, the screw rod 7 is rotated, and the rotation of the screw rod 7 drives the mounting cylinder 9 and the moving cylinder 15 to move in a direction away from each other, and the mounting cylinder 9 carries the tool along the screw rod 7 to The lifting block 18 moves downwards, and the moving cylinder 15 moves downwards, driving the moving rod 16 and the lifting block 18 to move downwards. The lifting block 18 moves downwards along the fixed frame 17, and after moving a certain distance until the cutter head is no longer in contact with the cylinder 21, the cross bar 19 is rotated. The rotation of the cross bar 19 drives the positioning block 20 and the cylinder 21 to rotate 180 degrees, and the cylinder 21 becomes a cylinder mouth facing downwards, so that foreign matter inside it can fall out. When the cutter needs to be placed in the installation cylinder 9 after use, the screw rod 7 is rotated in the opposite direction, and the installation cylinder 9 drives the cutter to move back into the groove 64. After the lifting block 18 moves upwards for a distance, the cross bar 19 is rotated in the opposite direction so that the cylinder mouth of the cylinder 21 faces upwards again and is sleeved on the outside of the cutter head to prevent dust from adhering to the cutter head. In addition, the cutter head may be stained with waste chips because it has just been used. A cleaning pad can also be provided inside the cylinder 21, so that the cutter head can be cleaned during the mutual movement of the two.

[0041] See also Fig.10As shown, in this embodiment, preferably, a rotating block 22 is fixedly provided at one end of the cross bar 19 away from the positioning block 20, a limiting groove 171 is provided on one side of the fixing frame 17, and a limiting rod 23 is provided at one end of the rotating block 22 away from the cross bar 19, and the limiting rod 23 is slidably connected with the limiting groove 171; when the tool is taken out, the cross bar 19 moves downward with the positioning block 20, and the cross bar 19 moves downward to drive the rotating block 22 and the limiting rod 23 to move downward until the limiting rod 23 contacts the limiting groove 171, thereby driving the rotating block 22 and the cross bar 19 to move downward. The rod 19 rotates 180 degrees counterclockwise, and the rotation of the cross bar 19 drives the positioning block 20 and the cylinder 21 to rotate so that the mouth of the cylinder 21 faces downward, which is convenient for the foreign matter inside to fall down. When the tool is replaced, the cross bar 19 moves upward with the positioning block 20. During the movement, the limit rod 23 contacts the limit groove 171 again, thereby driving the rotating block 22 and the cross bar 19 to rotate 180 degrees clockwise. The rotation of the cross bar 19 drives the positioning block 20 and the cylinder 21 to rotate so that the mouth of the cylinder 21 faces upward again and is connected with the cutter head, which can provide certain protection for the cutter head.

[0042] See also Fig.12 As shown, in the present embodiment, preferably, a movable groove 201 is provided on the top of the positioning block 20, and a sliding block 24 is slidably arranged in the movable groove 201, and the top of the sliding block 24 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the cylinder 21, and a first spring 25 is fixed between the sliding block 24 and the bottom of the movable groove 201; when taking out the tool, the cross bar 19 is rotated by the cooperation of the limiting rod 23 and the limiting groove 171 during the downward movement of the cross bar 19, so that the barrel mouth of the cylinder 21 faces downward, and at this time, the sliding block 24 is moved laterally along the movable groove 201, and the movement of the sliding block 24 drives the cylinder 21 to move laterally, and the first spring 25 is compressed in this process. When the sliding block 24 moves a certain distance, the force applied to the sliding block 24 is released, and the sliding block 24 and the cylinder 21 are driven to move to one side under the force of the first spring 25 restoring the state. The first spring 25 itself is elastic, and the elastic potential energy of the spring itself drives the sliding block 24 to shake back and forth, which can shake the cylinder 21, further ensuring the cleanliness of the inside of the cylinder 21.

[0043] See also Figure 10-12As shown, in this embodiment, preferably, a ring 26 is fixedly provided on the lifting block 18 near the side of the positioning block 20, the cross bar 19 movably passes through the ring 26, a plurality of inclined blocks 27 are arranged in a circular array on the ring 26, a push rod 28 is fixedly provided on one end of the sliding block 24 near the ring 26, and the push rod 28 is movably abutted against the inclined block 27 at one end away from the sliding block 24; the rotation of the cross bar 19 can drive the positioning block 20 and the cylinder 21 to rotate, so that the barrel mouth of the cylinder 21 faces downward, and in this process the sliding block 24 and the push rod 28 will also rotate, and the push rod 28 During the rotation process, it will abut against the inclined block 27 on the ring 26 and move along the lower part of the inclined block 27 to the higher part. During this process, the push rod 28 will drive the sliding block 24 to move, thereby compressing the first spring 25. When the push rod 28 moves to the highest point of the inclined block 27 and continues to rotate the cross bar 19, the push rod 28 will lose the abutment of the inclined block 27. Under the action of the first spring 25, the sliding block 24 and the cylinder 21 will be driven to shake, thereby shaking out the debris in the cylinder 21. This step can achieve the shaking of the cylinder 21 during the flipping process through the abutment between the push rod 28 and the inclined block 27, which makes the operation more convenient and quick.

[0044] See also Figure 6-Figure 9 and Fig.13 As shown, in this embodiment, preferably, a slot 71 is provided at the end of the screw rod 7, a block 29 is movably provided in the slot 71, a gear 30 is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the block 29, a rack 31 is provided at the bottom of the groove 64, and the gear 30 is meshed with the rack 31 for transmission; in the initial state, that is, when the tool is still located inside the groove 64, the height of the gear 30 is higher than the height of the rack 31, at this time, the moving block 6 is moved laterally, and the gear 30 will not mesh with the rack 31, so that the gear 30 and the screw rod 7 will not rotate, and the mounting cylinder 9 will not be able to move to the outside of the groove 64. When the tool needs to be removed, the block 29 of the corresponding tool is pulled downward along the slot 71 until the gear 30 and the rack 31 are located at the same horizontal line, and then the moving block 6 is moved in the direction close to the processing table. During the movement, the gear 30 will mesh with the rack 31 to realize the rotation of the gear 30, and the rotation of the gear 30 can drive the block 29 and the screw rod 7 to rotate, thereby realizing the movement of the mounting cylinder 9 and the moving cylinder 15.

[0045] See also Figure 5-Figure 8As shown, in this embodiment, preferably, a transverse groove 61 is provided on the moving block 6, a sliding plate 32 is slidably provided in the transverse groove 61, a plurality of positioning grooves 321 are provided in a linear array on the sliding plate 32, a vertical groove 62 is provided on one side of the transverse groove 61 of the moving block 6, a positioning rod 33 is movably provided in the vertical groove 62, a second spring 34 is fixedly provided between the positioning rod 33 and the bottom of the vertical groove 62, the positioning rod 33 is movably abutted against the positioning groove 321, an annular groove 291 is provided on the outer side of the clamping block 29, a pressing rod 35 is provided at the end of the positioning rod 33, the pressing rod 35 is movably abutted against the annular groove 291, the moving block 6 is located at the A vertical rod 36 is fixedly provided on one side of the sliding plate 32, and the vertical rod 36 is slidably connected to the sliding plate 32, and a third spring 37 is fixedly provided between the vertical rod 36 and the sliding plate 32; if the movement of the moving block 6 is to be able to drive the installation cylinder 9 and the tool to move to the outside of the groove 64, the gear 30 and the rack 31 need to be in a meshing state during the movement of the moving block 6. If multiple gears 30 and corresponding racks 31 are all in a meshing state in the initial state, there is also a problem that the movement of the moving block 6 can drive multiple installation cylinders 9 and tools to move to the outside of the groove 64, but the installation shaft 3 will only select one tool at a time, and the tool needs to be stored in a dry and ventilated environment. In the actual processing environment, coolant will be sprayed to reduce the temperature of the tool and the workpiece processing position to ensure the processing quality. Therefore, multiple tools exposed to the outside will cause the tools to be stained with liquid, which is not conducive to the preservation of the tools. In this step, when a group of tools needs to be selected, the positioning rod 33 corresponding to the group is pressed downward. The positioning rod 33 moves downward along the vertical groove 62 to compress the second spring 34. The positioning groove 321 is composed of a section of inclined groove and a hook. During the downward movement of the positioning rod 33, it will abut against the inclined groove section of the positioning groove 321, which will drive the sliding plate 32 to move briefly to one side along the horizontal groove 61. During the movement, the third spring 37 will be compressed. When the positioning rod 33 moves to the end of the inclined groove of the positioning groove 321, the inclined groove is lost. The abutment of the third spring 37 will drive the sliding plate 32 back to its original position under the action of the recovery state of the third spring 37, and then the positioning rod 33 will form a card connection with the hook of the positioning groove 321, and the positioning rod 33 will remain stationary. During the downward movement of the positioning rod 33, the pressure rod 35 will be driven to move downward, and with the help of the matching relationship between the pressure rod 35 and the annular groove 291, the card block 29 will also be driven to move downward. The downward movement of the card block 29 will drive the gear 30 to drop to the same height as the rack 31. At this time, the movement of the moving block 6 will only make the corresponding gear 30 of this group mesh with the rack 31, so that the tool of this group moves to the outside of the groove 64, and the tools of other groups will not move upward. The vertical rod 36 provides support for the third spring 37.

[0046] See also Figure 6 and Figure 8-Figure 9As shown, in this embodiment, preferably, the sliding plate 32 is provided with a reset groove 322 on one side of the positioning groove 321, and the moving block 6 is provided with a lifting groove 63 on one side of the reset groove 322, and a reset rod 38 is movably arranged in the lifting groove 63, and the reset rod 38 is movably abutted against the reset groove 322, and a fourth spring 39 is fixedly arranged between the reset rod 38 and the bottom of the lifting groove 63; after the tool and the mounting shaft 3 are assembled, the moving block 6 moves to the initial position, and the mounting cylinder 9 also returns to the groove 64; after the use of the set of tools is completed, the moving block 6 is moved again in the direction close to the processing table so that the mounting cylinder 9 moves back to the outside of the groove 64 to facilitate catching the tool, and then the moving block 6 moves again to the initial position, and the mounting cylinder 9 and the tool move again into the groove 64, when the next time it is needed When using another set of tools, first press the reset rod 38 downward, and the reset rod 38 moves downward along the lifting slot 63 to compress the fourth spring 39. The difference between the reset slot 322 and the positioning slot 321 is that the reset slot 322 only has an oblique slot section but no hook. During the downward movement of the reset rod 38, it will abut against the oblique slot section of the reset slot 322, thereby driving the sliding plate 32 to move horizontally along the transverse slot 61 for a distance. The lateral movement of the sliding plate 32 will cause the positioning rod 33 of the previous group to lose the engagement with the hook section of the positioning slot 321, and the positioning rod 33 returns to the initial position under the action of the second spring 34, that is, the gear 30 corresponding to the tool of the previous group is no longer engaged with the rack 31, and the force applied to the reset rod 38 is released. Under the action of the fourth spring 39, the reset rod 38 will be driven to move to the initial position, and a new tool can be selected for assembly and use.

[0047] The working principle of the present invention is as follows: in the initial state, multiple groups of tools are placed in the installation tube 9. When a group of tools needs to be selected, the positioning rod 33 corresponding to the group is pressed downward, and the positioning rod 33 moves downward along the vertical slot 62 to compress the second spring 34. The positioning slot 321 is composed of a section of inclined slot and a hook. During the downward movement of the positioning rod 33, it will abut against the inclined slot section of the positioning slot 321, which will drive the sliding plate 32 to move briefly to one side along the transverse slot 61, and the third spring 37 will be compressed during the movement. When the positioning rod 33 moves to the end of the inclined slot of the positioning slot 321, due to the loss of the abutment of the inclined slot, the sliding plate 32 will be driven to return to its original position under the action of the third spring 37 to restore its state, and then the positioning rod 33 and the positioning The hook of the groove 321 forms a card connection, and the positioning rod 33 remains stationary. During the downward movement of the positioning rod 33, the pressure rod 35 is driven to move downward. With the help of the matching relationship between the pressure rod 35 and the annular groove 291, the block 29 is also driven to move downward. The downward movement of the block 29 drives the gear 30 to drop to the same height as the rack 31. At this time, the movement of the moving block 6 will only make the corresponding gear 30 of this group mesh with the rack 31. The rotation of the gear 30 can drive the block 29 and the screw rod 7 to rotate, so that the installation cylinder 9 moves with the tool to the outside of the groove 64. During the rising process of the installation cylinder 9, the connecting plate 14 first abuts against the limit plate 11, thereby driving the limit plate 11 to rotate clockwise, and the limit plate 11 rotates clockwise to drive the round rod 10 rotates, the rotation of the round rod 10 drives the deflection plate 86 to rotate, and the rotation of the deflection plate 86 can eventually drive the baffle 82 to change from a horizontal state to a vertical state, thereby exposing the opening of the groove 64. In this process, the moving cylinder 15 moves downward, and the moving cylinder 15 moves downward to drive the moving rod 16 and the lifting block 18 to move downward. The lifting block 18, the positioning block 20 and the cross bar 19 move downward along the fixed frame 17, and the cross bar 19 moves downward to drive the rotating block 22 and the limiting rod 23 to move downward until the limiting rod 23 contacts the limiting groove 171, thereby driving the rotating block 22 and the cross bar 19 to rotate 180 degrees counterclockwise, and the rotation of the cross bar 19 drives the positioning block 20 and the cylinder 21 to rotate so that the cylinder 21 is The mouth of the cylinder 21 faces downward, which is convenient for foreign objects inside to fall out. In addition, the rotation of the cross bar 19 can drive the positioning block 20 and the cylinder 21 to rotate, so that the mouth of the cylinder 21 faces downward. During this process, the sliding block 24 and the push rod 28 will also rotate. During the rotation of the push rod 28, it will abut against the inclined block 27 on the ring 26 and move from the low point of the inclined block 27 to the high point. During this process, the push rod 28 will drive the sliding block 24 to move, thereby compressing the first spring 25. When the push rod 28 moves to the highest point of the inclined block 27 and continues to rotate the cross bar 19, the push rod 28 will lose the abutment of the inclined block 27, and under the action of the first spring 25, the sliding block 24 and the cylinder 21 will be driven to shake, thereby shaking out the debris in the cylinder 21.

Claims

1. An elevated five-axis linkage machine tool, comprising a machine body, characterized in that: The machine body is movably provided with a loading platform, the machine body is movably provided with a mounting shaft at one side of the loading platform, a tool holder is fixedly provided on the machine body below the mounting shaft, a slide groove is provided on the tool holder, a moving block is slidably provided in the slide groove, a plurality of grooves are provided in a linear array on the moving block, a partition is fixedly provided in the groove, a screw rod is provided on one side of the partition plate, the screw rod movably passes through the bottom of the moving block and threads are provided on the upper and lower sides of the screw rod, and the threads are rotated in opposite directions, the screw rod is located on the upper outer side of the thread and is adaptably connected with a mounting cylinder, the mounting cylinder is slidably connected to the partition, and an opening and closing component for covering the opening of the groove is provided on the side wall of the groove; The opening and closing assembly comprises a rotating rod axially symmetrically arranged on both sides of the groove, the two ends of the rotating rod are rotatably connected to the inner wall of the groove, the outer fixed sleeve of the rotating rod is provided with a baffle, the two baffles are movably abutted, the bottom of the baffle is fixedly connected to a fixed plate, one side of the fixed plate is rotatably connected to a triangular plate, the triangular plate is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the groove, the other end of the triangular plate is rotatably connected to a rotating plate, the moving block is located between the two rotating plates and is rotatably provided with a deflection plate, and the two rotating plates are rotatably connected to the two ends of the deflection plate respectively; A round rod is fixedly provided through the center of the deflection plate, the round rod is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the groove, a limit plate is fixedly provided at one end of the round rod away from the deflection plate, a transverse plate is movably sleeved on the outer side of the round rod, one end of the transverse plate is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the groove, a torsion spring is fixedly provided between the transverse plate and the round rod, a connecting plate is fixedly provided on one side of the mounting cylinder, and the connecting plate is movably abutted against the limit plate; The screw rod is located at the outer side of the lower thread and is adapted to be connected with a moving cylinder, a moving rod is fixedly provided on one side of the moving cylinder, the moving rod is slidably connected to the partition, a fixed frame is fixedly provided at the bottom of the groove, a lifting block is slidably provided on the fixed frame, the moving rod is fixedly connected to the lifting block, a cross bar is movably provided at the center of the lifting block, a positioning block is fixedly provided on one side of the cross bar, and a cylinder is movably provided on one end of the positioning block away from the cross bar.

2. The elevated five-axis linkage machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: A rotating block is fixedly arranged at one end of the cross bar away from the positioning block, a limiting groove is arranged on one side of the fixing frame, a limiting rod is arranged at one end of the rotating block away from the cross bar, and the limiting rod is slidably connected with the limiting groove.

3. The elevated five-axis linkage machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: A moving groove is provided on the top of the positioning block, a sliding block is slidably arranged in the moving groove, the top of the sliding block is fixedly connected to the bottom of the cylinder, and a first spring is fixed between the sliding block and the bottom of the moving groove.

4. The elevated five-axis linkage machine tool according to claim 3, characterized in that: A circular ring is fixedly provided on one side of the lifting block close to the positioning block, the cross bar movably passes through the circular ring, a plurality of inclined blocks are arranged in a circular array on the circular ring, a push rod is fixedly provided on one end of the sliding block close to the circular ring, and the push rod movably abuts against the inclined block at one end away from the sliding block.

5. The elevated five-axis linkage machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: A slot is provided at the end of the screw rod, a block is movably provided in the slot, a gear is fixedly sleeved outside the block, a rack is provided at the bottom of the groove, and the gear is meshed with the rack for transmission.

6. The elevated five-axis linkage machine tool according to claim 5, characterized in that: The moving block is provided with a horizontal groove, a sliding plate is slidably arranged in the horizontal groove, a plurality of positioning grooves are provided on the sliding plate in a linear array, the moving block is provided with a vertical groove on one side of the horizontal groove, a positioning rod is movably arranged in the vertical groove, a second spring is fixedly arranged between the positioning rod and the bottom of the vertical groove, the positioning rod is movably abutted against the positioning groove, an annular groove is provided on the outer side of the blocking block, a pressure rod is provided at the end of the positioning rod, the pressure rod is movably abutted against the annular groove, a vertical rod is fixedly arranged on one side of the sliding plate, the vertical rod is slidably connected to the sliding plate, and a third spring is fixedly arranged between the vertical rod and the sliding plate.

7. The elevated five-axis linkage machine tool according to claim 6, characterized in that: The sliding plate is provided with a reset groove on one side of the positioning groove, the moving block is provided with a lifting groove on one side of the reset groove, a reset rod is movably arranged in the lifting groove, the reset rod is movably abutted against the reset groove, and a fourth spring is fixedly arranged between the reset rod and the bottom of the lifting groove.

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