Quick-changing battery pack, electric automobile and battery changing method of electric automobile

Abstract

The invention discloses a quick-change battery pack, an electric automobile and a battery changing method of the electric automobile, the quick-change battery pack is detachably arranged on a longitudinal beam of the electric automobile, a groove is formed in the bottom of the quick-change battery pack, the quick-change battery pack comprises a battery pack box body and battery cells, a plurality of battery cell containing cavities used for containing the battery cells are formed in the battery pack box body, and the battery cells are arranged in the battery pack box body. At least part of the battery cell accommodating cavities are distributed on the two sides of the groove, and the groove is used for avoiding the longitudinal beam; the quick-change battery pack further comprises a guiding and positioning mechanism, and the guiding and positioning mechanism is arranged on the side wall of the groove. The gravity center of the quick-change battery pack is effectively lowered, the stability of the battery pack is improved, and the stability and safety of a vehicle are improved by a large space. The spaces on the two sides of the longitudinal beams are utilized to store and accommodate more battery cells, so that the travel distance of the electric automobile is farther, and the replacement frequency of the electric automobile is reduced; the structure is compact and the space utilization rate is high.

Description

[0001] This application is a divisional of a Chinese invention patent with an application date of December 31, 2021, application number 202111668395.9, and name “Quick-change battery pack, electric vehicle, and battery replacement method for electric vehicle”. Technical Field

[0002] The present invention relates to the field of battery replacement technology, and in particular to a quick-change battery pack, an electric vehicle, and a battery replacement method for an electric vehicle. Background Art

[0003] In recent years, new energy vehicles have developed rapidly. Electric vehicles that rely on batteries as driving energy have the advantages of zero emissions and low noise. As the market share and frequency of use of electric vehicles are increasing, electric commercial vehicles, such as electric heavy trucks and electric light trucks, are gradually being widely used, and battery replacement technology is also gradually being applied to the commercial vehicle field.

[0004] At present, the battery pack on the electric truck is generally installed above the longitudinal beam of the vehicle body. The direct charging battery pack or the quick-change battery pack is installed above the longitudinal beam, and the longitudinal beam is used to support the battery pack. Since the longitudinal beam of the vehicle body on the electric truck is located higher than the ground and the battery pack is heavy, the center of gravity of the battery pack is higher and the stability relative to the vehicle is poor, which affects the safety of the vehicle and occupies a large space behind the driver, which gives the driver a poor driving experience. Summary of the invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the defects in the prior art that the battery pack has a high center of gravity, poor stability relative to the vehicle, occupies a large space behind the driver, and provides a poor driving experience for the driver, and to provide a quick-change battery pack, an electric vehicle, and a battery replacement method for an electric vehicle.

[0006] The present invention solves the above technical problems through the following technical solutions:

[0007] A quick-change battery pack is detachably arranged on a longitudinal beam of an electric vehicle, a groove is arranged at the bottom of the quick-change battery pack, the quick-change battery pack comprises a battery pack case and battery cells, a plurality of battery cell accommodating cavities for placing battery cells are arranged in the battery pack case, at least part of the battery cell accommodating cavities are distributed on both sides of the groove, and the groove is used to avoid the longitudinal beam; the quick-change battery pack also comprises a guide positioning mechanism, and the guide positioning mechanism is arranged on the side wall of the groove.

[0008] In this solution, the above-mentioned structural form can effectively lower the center of gravity of the battery pack, increase the stability of the battery pack, and improve the stability and safety of the vehicle. At the same time, at least part of the battery cell accommodating chamber is distributed on both sides of the groove, so that the battery cell accommodating chamber in the battery pack body is extended along the width direction of the electric vehicle and used to accommodate the battery cell, so that the space on both sides of the longitudinal beam can be used to store more battery cells, so that the electric vehicle can travel farther and the number of replacement times of the electric vehicle can be reduced; and the structure is compact and the space utilization rate is high.

[0009] In addition, the groove is sleeved on the longitudinal beam, which has a compact structure and high space utilization. At the same time, interference is effectively avoided and the stability is higher.

[0010] At the same time, the guiding and positioning mechanism has a guiding and positioning function. Under the guiding and positioning force of the guiding and positioning mechanism, the battery pack box can be straightened, thereby achieving precise positioning, and the installation and disassembly of the quick-change battery pack is more stable.

[0011] In addition, the space in the groove is utilized. At the same time, the opening of the groove is easily aligned with the longitudinal beam through the guide positioning mechanism, and the installation accuracy is higher.

[0012] Preferably, the battery pack case is provided with a plurality of lock connection structures, the plurality of lock connection structures are all located in the groove, and the battery pack case is connected to the longitudinal beam via the plurality of lock connection structures.

[0013] In this solution, the above-mentioned structural form is adopted, and the lock connection structure is arranged in the groove at the bottom of the battery pack, so that the connection between the battery pack and the longitudinal beam is more stable.

[0014] Preferably, a plurality of the battery cell accommodating cavities are arranged in sequence and spaced apart along the horizontal direction.

[0015] In this solution, the above-mentioned structural form is adopted to increase the space provided for the battery cell accommodating chamber, further increase the capacity of the battery cell, realize a longer range for the electric vehicle, reduce the number of replacement times for the electric vehicle, and achieve higher space utilization.

[0016] Preferably, the battery pack case has a plurality of partition plates, and the plurality of partition plates are respectively disposed in a plurality of the battery cell accommodating cavities and divide each of the battery cell accommodating cavities into a plurality of battery cell spaces for placing battery cells.

[0017] In this solution, the above-mentioned structural form is adopted to achieve isolation of two adjacent battery cells, thereby improving the strength of the battery pack body, further improving safety and stability, and facilitating installation and setting.

[0018] Preferably, the plurality of battery cell accommodating cavities include a plurality of side battery cell accommodating cavities, and the plurality of side battery cell accommodating cavities are distributed on both sides of the groove.

[0019] In this solution, the above-mentioned structural form is adopted, and the battery cells placed in the multiple side battery cell accommodating cavities will be distributed on the two opposite sides of the two longitudinal beams, making full use of the space on both sides of the longitudinal beams of the electric vehicle, achieving higher space utilization and increasing the battery cell capacity of the quick-change battery pack.

[0020] Preferably, several of the battery cell accommodating cavities further include a middle battery cell accommodating cavity, which is arranged in the middle area of ​​the battery pack body, and multiple side battery cell accommodating cavities are distributed on both sides of the middle battery cell accommodating cavity, wherein the bottom surface of the middle battery cell accommodating cavity is higher than the bottom surface of the side battery cell accommodating cavity, so as to form the groove at the bottom of the middle battery cell accommodating cavity.

[0021] In this solution, the above-mentioned structural form is adopted, and the battery cells are placed in the middle battery cell accommodating cavity, thereby further making full use of the space above the longitudinal beam of the electric vehicle, so that the battery cells can be installed on both sides and above the longitudinal beam, respectively, to achieve higher space utilization and increase the battery cell capacity in the quick-change battery pack. At the same time, the groove is located between the middle battery cell accommodating cavity and the side battery cell accommodating cavity, which is convenient for the setting of the groove and the structure is more compact.

[0022] Preferably, a plurality of the lock connection structures are respectively arranged on the side walls of the groove and are used to connect with the side walls of the longitudinal beam;

[0023] And / or, the lock connection structure is arranged at the bottom of the groove and is used to connect with the top of the longitudinal beam.

[0024] In this solution, by adopting the above-mentioned structural form, the lock connection structure can be arranged according to the space, and the space utilization rate is high.

[0025] Preferably, the lock connection structure is a lock shaft or a hanging member, and the lock shaft or the hanging member is connected to a connecting groove of the longitudinal beam.

[0026] In this solution, the above-mentioned structural form is adopted, and it is convenient to connect to the connecting groove of the longitudinal beam through the locking shaft or the hanging piece, and the structure is simple and the processing and manufacturing are convenient.

[0027] Preferably, the lock shaft extends from a side wall of the groove toward a middle portion of the quick-change battery pack.

[0028] In this solution, the above structural form is adopted, which has a simple structure and is easy to install and set up.

[0029] Preferably, the hanging member includes a threaded portion or a stop portion.

[0030] In this solution, the above-mentioned structural form is adopted, the installation connection form between the lock connection structure and the longitudinal beam is diversified, and the connection is more stable.

[0031] Preferably, the quick-change battery pack further comprises a mounting bracket, and a plurality of the lock connection structures are arranged on the mounting bracket and mounted on the battery pack case through the mounting bracket.

[0032] In the present solution, the above-mentioned structural form is adopted, which facilitates the installation of several lock connection structures with high installation accuracy; at the same time, the strength of the quick-change battery pack is improved and the stability is higher.

[0033] Preferably, there are a plurality of the guiding and positioning mechanisms, and the plurality of the guiding and positioning mechanisms are arranged on the battery pack box.

[0034] In the present solution, the above-mentioned structural form is adopted, and the guiding and positioning mechanism has a guiding and positioning function. The battery pack box can be straightened under the guiding and positioning force of the guiding and positioning mechanism, thereby achieving precise positioning, and the installation and removal of the quick-change battery pack is more stable.

[0035] Preferably, a plurality of the guide positioning mechanisms and a plurality of the lock connection structures are located on the same side.

[0036] In this solution, the above-mentioned structural form is adopted to realize accurate positioning of the lock connection structure after positioning and guiding, thereby improving safety and stability.

[0037] Preferably, the guiding positioning mechanism is an elastic positioning mechanism.

[0038] In the present solution, the above-mentioned structural form is adopted, and the elastic positioning mechanism will provide clamping force to the longitudinal beam, effectively preventing the quick-change battery pack from having a large offset and dislocation during use, thereby improving safety and stability.

[0039] Preferably, the battery pack case is further provided with a plurality of cable passage grooves for cable routing, wherein the cable passage grooves are located above the grooves and are communicated with two adjacent battery cell accommodating cavities.

[0040] In this solution, the above-mentioned structural form is adopted, and the wire groove above the groove will be used for the passage of the cable, so that the battery cells in two adjacent battery cell accommodating cavities will be electrically connected through the cable, and the installation and connection are very convenient; at the same time, the structure is simple and easy to process and manufacture.

[0041] Preferably, the top of the battery cell accommodating cavity has an opening, and the quick-change battery pack also includes a box cover, which is connected to the battery pack box and is used to cover the opening of the battery cell accommodating cavity.

[0042] In this solution, the above-mentioned structural form is adopted, and the battery cell is conveniently installed in the battery cell accommodating cavity through the opening, and then the battery cell in the battery pack box is covered by the box cover, which is convenient for installation and has high stability.

[0043] Preferably, the box cover and the battery cell accommodating cavity are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0044] Preferably, at least a portion of the top surface of the box cover is inclined along an edge direction close to the battery pack box body.

[0045] In this solution, the above-mentioned structural form is adopted so that the water on the box cover will be discharged to the edge of the battery pack box through the inclined top surface, effectively avoiding the generation of water accumulation and improving the safety and stability of the quick-change battery pack.

[0046] Preferably, the box cover has a bending portion that is bent downward and outward on all sides, and the top surface of the battery pack box has a plurality of inwardly recessed discharge grooves, and the bending portion extends into the discharge grooves and is connected to the battery pack box.

[0047] In this solution, the above-mentioned structural form is adopted, and the bending part extends into the discharge groove, so that the water on the top surface of the box cover will flow into the discharge groove through the bending part, and the water will be blocked by the discharge groove to prevent water from entering the battery pack body, and the water can be discharged outwardly through the discharge groove.

[0048] Preferably, the bent portion is fitted against the bottom of the discharge groove, and a sealing strip is pressed between the bent portion and the discharge groove.

[0049] In the present solution, the above-mentioned structural form is adopted, and the sealing strip has a strengthened sealing effect, which effectively prevents water in the discharge groove from flowing into the battery pack body, thereby improving the sealing of the quick-change battery pack.

[0050] An electric vehicle comprises two longitudinal beams, a plurality of locking mechanisms and a quick-change battery pack as described above, wherein the plurality of locking mechanisms are respectively arranged on the longitudinal beams, and the quick-change battery pack is locked to the plurality of locking mechanisms through a plurality of lock connection structures to be connected to the longitudinal beams.

[0051] In this solution, the above-mentioned structural form can effectively lower the center of gravity of the battery pack, increase the stability of the battery pack, and greatly improve the stability and safety of the vehicle. The lock connection structure is arranged in the groove at the bottom of the battery pack, so that the connection between the battery pack and the longitudinal beam is more stable. At the same time, the space on both sides of the longitudinal beam can be used to store more battery cells, so that the electric vehicle can travel farther and the number of replacement times of the electric vehicle can be reduced; and the structure is compact and the space utilization rate is high.

[0052] Preferably, a plurality of the locking mechanisms are respectively arranged on the side walls of the longitudinal beam and / or the top of the longitudinal beam.

[0053] In this solution, the above-mentioned structural form is adopted to realize diversified installation and setting forms of the locking mechanism, and the position can be set arbitrarily according to the space, and the connection is more stable.

[0054] Preferably, the electric vehicle further comprises a fixing bracket, wherein the fixing bracket is arranged on a side wall of the longitudinal beam or a top of the longitudinal beam, and a plurality of the locking mechanisms are arranged on the fixing bracket.

[0055] In this solution, the above-mentioned structural form is adopted, which facilitates the installation of several locking mechanisms with high installation accuracy; at the same time, the strength of the electric vehicle is improved and the stability is higher.

[0056] Preferably, the fixing bracket comprises two mounting beams, one side of the two mounting beams is respectively connected to the opposite side surfaces of the two longitudinal beams, and a plurality of locking mechanisms are respectively connected to the other side of the two mounting beams.

[0057] In this solution, the above-mentioned structural form is adopted to realize the installation of several locking mechanisms with high installation accuracy; at the same time, the strength of the electric vehicle is improved and the stability is higher.

[0058] Preferably, the electric vehicle further comprises a reinforcement member for mounting an electric connector, wherein the reinforcement member is located between the two longitudinal beams, and two ends of the reinforcement member are respectively connected to the two longitudinal beams.

[0059] In this solution, the above-mentioned structural form is adopted to facilitate the installation of the electrical connector. The reinforcement member has a reinforcing effect. By connecting the reinforcement member with the two longitudinal beams, the overall structural strength of the electric vehicle is effectively enhanced, thereby improving the safety and stability of the electric vehicle.

[0060] Preferably, the reinforcement member includes a connecting member and a mounting plate, the connecting member is respectively connected to the two longitudinal beams and the mounting plate, and the mounting plate is used to mount the electrical connector.

[0061] In this solution, the above structure is adopted, and the two longitudinal beams are connected by a connecting piece, which has the function of strengthening the structural connection strength. The electrical connector is installed on the mounting plate, and the mounting plate is convenient for the installation of the electrical connector.

[0062] Preferably, the reinforcement member further includes two reinforcement plates, the two reinforcement plates are respectively connected to the two longitudinal beams, and the reinforcement plates are connected to the connecting member and the mounting plate.

[0063] In this solution, the above-mentioned structural form is adopted, and the two reinforcing plates have a reinforcing effect, which effectively enhances the structural connection strength and improves the safety and stability of the electric vehicle.

[0064] Preferably, the locking mechanism comprises a locking groove for inserting the lock connection structure, and the opening of the locking groove faces the outer side of the longitudinal beam.

[0065] In this solution, the above-mentioned structural form is adopted to realize that the lock connection structure is easy to insert into the lock groove, and the lock groove structure is simple and easy to process and manufacture.

[0066] Preferably, the locking mechanism includes a locking seat, which has an opening groove extending in the vertical direction and a locking groove extending in the horizontal direction. The lock connection structure is a locking shaft, and the locking groove is used for the locking shaft to be inserted and locked. The top of the opening groove is connected to the locking groove, and the locking shaft enters the locking groove when it reaches the intersection of the opening groove and the locking groove from the bottom of the opening groove in the vertical direction.

[0067] In the present solution, the above-mentioned structural form is adopted, and the quick-change battery pack can be locked or unlocked by moving in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction. It is very convenient to install and disassemble, and the structure is simple and easy to process and manufacture.

[0068] Preferably, at least a portion of the locking seat is provided with a locking tongue, and the locking tongue is movably mounted in the locking groove and can prevent the locking shaft from escaping from the locking groove.

[0069] In the present solution, the above-mentioned structural form is adopted, and the lock tongue is extended into the locking groove, so as to prevent the lock connection structure from escaping from the locking groove, and the lock connection structure can be stably inserted into the locking groove, and the locking is more reliable, thereby improving the stability of the locking mechanism in the locked state.

[0070] Preferably, the locking mechanism further comprises a locking link, and the locking link is movably connected to the locking seat via the locking tongue.

[0071] In this solution, the above-mentioned structural form is adopted, and the lock link will drive the lock tongue to close or open the locking groove under the action of external force, making the locking more reliable; at the same time, the lock link can realize the synchronous unlocking or locking of multiple lock tongues, which is very convenient to use and reduces costs.

[0072] Preferably, the locking mechanism comprises a locking seat, the locking seat has an opening extending in a vertical direction, a first threaded portion or a limiting portion is provided in the opening, and the locking connection structure has a matching second threaded portion or a stop portion.

[0073] In the present solution, the above-mentioned locking structure is adopted, and locking between the locking mechanism and the lock connection structure can be achieved only along the vertical direction, the installation connection form is diversified, the connection is more stable and the structural space utilization rate is high.

[0074] Preferably, the electric vehicle further comprises a plurality of guiding and positioning mechanisms, and the plurality of guiding and positioning mechanisms are arranged on the longitudinal beam or the quick-change battery pack to achieve precise positioning of the quick-change battery pack on the longitudinal beam.

[0075] In this solution, the above-mentioned structural form is adopted, and the guiding and positioning mechanism has a guiding and positioning function. The quick-change battery pack and the longitudinal beam are aligned with each other under the guiding and positioning force of the guiding and positioning mechanism, thereby achieving precise positioning, and the installation and removal of the quick-change battery pack are more stable.

[0076] Preferably, the guiding positioning mechanism is an elastic positioning mechanism.

[0077] In the present solution, the above-mentioned structural form is adopted, and the elastic positioning mechanism will provide clamping force to the longitudinal beam, effectively preventing the quick-change battery pack from having a large offset and dislocation during use, thereby improving safety and stability.

[0078] A battery replacement method for an electric vehicle is applied to the electric vehicle as described above, and the battery replacement method comprises the following steps:

[0079] Control the battery-changing equipment to move the quick-change battery pack to the battery-changing station above the longitudinal beam, so that the groove on the top of the quick-change battery pack is aligned with the longitudinal beam;

[0080] Control the battery exchange device to lower the quick-change battery pack to a preset height, so that the lock connection structure on the quick-change battery pack enters the locking mechanism on the longitudinal beam, and the groove at the bottom of the quick-change battery pack is sleeved on the longitudinal beam;

[0081] The lock connection structure and the locking mechanism are controlled to be locked in place.

[0082] In this solution, precise control is achieved, and safety and stability are high. At the same time, the center of gravity of the battery pack can be effectively lowered, the stability of the battery pack can be increased, and the stability and safety of the vehicle can be improved by a large space, with a compact structure and high space utilization.

[0083] Preferably, the step of controlling the battery-changing device to lower the quick-change battery pack to a preset height also includes a positioning step;

[0084] The positioning step includes controlling the battery exchange equipment to lower the quick-change battery pack, and multiple guiding and positioning mechanisms on the inner wall of the groove position and guide the quick-change battery pack so that the opening of the groove is aligned with the longitudinal beam, and the longitudinal beam enters the opening of the groove.

[0085] In this solution, multiple guiding and positioning mechanisms cooperate with the longitudinal beam to position and guide the quick-change battery pack, so that the groove can be accurately aligned with the longitudinal beam and smoothly mounted on the longitudinal beam, thereby improving safety and stability.

[0086] Preferably, after the positioning step, the battery exchange equipment is controlled to continue to lower the quick-change battery pack so that the groove is sleeved on the longitudinal beam to a preset position, so that the lock connection structure on the quick-change battery pack enters into the locking mechanism on the longitudinal beam.

[0087] In this solution, the quick-change battery pack is installed on two longitudinal beams, with higher locking accuracy; and the quick-change battery pack is effectively prevented from being offset and misaligned during use, greatly improving safety and stability.

[0088] Preferably, the plurality of guide and positioning mechanisms abut against the longitudinal beam and limit the displacement of the longitudinal beam in the groove.

[0089] In this solution, the quick-change battery pack is effectively prevented from being offset or misaligned during use, thereby achieving higher safety and stability.

[0090] On the basis of being in accordance with the common sense in the art, the above-mentioned preferred conditions can be arbitrarily combined to obtain the preferred embodiments of the present invention.

[0091] The positive and progressive effects of the present invention are:

[0092] The quick-change battery pack of the present invention is connected to the longitudinal beam of the electric vehicle through the lock connection structure in the bottom groove, so that the connection between the battery pack and the longitudinal beam is more stable, which can effectively lower the center of gravity of the battery pack, increase the stability of the battery pack, and improve the stability and safety of the vehicle. At the same time, the space on both sides of the longitudinal beam is used to store more batteries, so that the electric vehicle can travel farther and the number of replacement times of the electric vehicle is reduced; and the structure is compact and the space utilization rate is high. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0093] Figure 1 FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0094] Figure 2 FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an electric vehicle from another perspective according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0095] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the top structure of an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention, in which the quick-change battery pack is omitted.

[0096] Figure 4 FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0097] Figure 5Schematic diagram of the structure of a quick-change battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0098] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the quick-change battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0099] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the structure of a battery pack case according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0100] Figure 8 It is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of a quick-change battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0101] Fig. 9 Schematic diagram of the structure of the locking mechanism of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0102] Fig.10 It is a schematic structural diagram of two longitudinal beams, a locking mechanism and a reinforcement member according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0103] Fig.11 This is a flow chart of a battery replacement method for an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0104] Description of reference numerals:

[0105] Quick-change battery pack 1

[0106] Groove 11

[0107] Battery pack box 12

[0108] Side battery cell accommodating chamber 121

[0109] Middle battery cell accommodating cavity 122

[0110] First wire slot 123

[0111] Second wire slot 124

[0112] Battery 13

[0113] Lock connection structure 14

[0114] Mounting bracket 15

[0115] Guide positioning mechanism 16

[0116] Box cover 17

[0117] Bending portion 171

[0118] Stringer 2

[0119] Locking mechanism 3

[0120] Locking seat 31

[0121] Lock tongue 32

[0122] Lock link 33

[0123] Mounting beam 4

[0124] Reinforcement 5

[0125] Mounting plate 51

[0126] Connector 52

[0127] Reinforcement plate 53

[0128] Electrical connector 6 DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0129] The present invention will be described more clearly and completely below by way of embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the scope of the embodiments.

[0130] like Figures 1 to 10 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention discloses an electric vehicle, which is a commercial vehicle such as a heavy truck or a light truck. The electric vehicle includes a quick-change battery pack 1, two longitudinal beams 2 and a plurality of locking mechanisms 3. The quick-change battery pack 1 is detachably arranged on the longitudinal beam 2 of the electric vehicle, and a groove 11 is provided at the bottom of the quick-change battery pack 1. The quick-change battery pack 1 includes a battery pack case 12 and a battery cell 13. The battery pack case 12 is provided with a plurality of battery cell accommodating cavities for placing the battery cells 13, and at least part of the battery cell accommodating cavities are distributed on both sides of the groove 11. The battery pack case 12 is provided with a plurality of lock connection structures 14, and the plurality of lock connection structures 14 are all located in the groove 11. The battery pack case 12 is connected to the longitudinal beam 2 through the plurality of lock connection structures 14.

[0131] By setting a groove 11 at the bottom of the quick-change battery pack 1, the quick-change battery pack 1 moves to the battery replacement station above the longitudinal beam 2 and aligns the groove 11 with the longitudinal beam 2. The quick-change battery pack 1 moves downward, so that the groove 11 is sleeved on the longitudinal beam 2. The quick-change battery pack 1 is connected to the longitudinal beam 2 of the electric vehicle through the lock connection structure 14 in the bottom groove 11, so that the quick-change battery pack 1 can be installed on the two longitudinal beams 2, and the connection between the quick-change battery pack 1 and the longitudinal beam 2 is more stable. Otherwise, the quick-change battery pack 1 can be removed from the two longitudinal beams 2. It can effectively lower the center of gravity of the quick-change battery pack 1, increase the stability of the quick-change battery pack 1, and greatly improve the stability and safety of the vehicle. At the same time, at least part of the battery cell accommodating cavity is distributed on both sides of the groove 11, so that the battery cell accommodating cavity in the battery pack box 12 is extended along the width direction of the electric vehicle and is used to accommodate the battery cells 13, so that the space on both sides of the longitudinal beam 2 can be used to store and accommodate more battery cells 13, and the space on both sides of the longitudinal beam 2 can be used to store and accommodate more battery cells 13, so that the electric vehicle can travel farther and the number of times the electric vehicle is replaced can be reduced; the structure is compact and the space utilization rate is high.

[0132] The quick-change battery pack 1 is connected to the longitudinal beam 2 through the plurality of lock connection structures 14 in the groove 11, and the plurality of battery cell accommodating cavities are arranged in sequence in the horizontal direction, so that the space provided by the battery cell accommodating cavities is increased, and the capacity of the battery cell 3 is further increased, so that the electric vehicle can travel farther, the number of replacement times of the electric vehicle is reduced, and the space utilization rate is higher.

[0133] like Figure 7 As shown, the battery pack case 12 has several partition plates, which are respectively arranged in several battery cell accommodating cavities and divide each battery cell accommodating cavity into multiple battery cell spaces for placing battery cells 13. The space in the battery pack case 12 will be divided by several partition plates to form multiple battery cell spaces for placing battery cells 13, so as to block two adjacent battery cells 13, further improve safety and stability; and facilitate installation and setting. In this embodiment, several partition plates can be arranged at intervals in the horizontal direction to divide the placed battery cells 13, or they can be arranged at intervals in the height direction to divide the placed battery cells 13.

[0134] The battery pack box 12 includes two side battery cell accommodating cavities 121, and the two side battery cell accommodating cavities 121 are distributed on both sides of the groove 11. The battery cells 13 placed in the two side battery cell accommodating cavities 121 will be distributed on the two opposite sides of the two longitudinal beams 2, making full use of the space on both sides of the longitudinal beams 2 of the electric vehicle, achieving higher space utilization, and increasing the capacity of the battery cells 13 of the quick-change battery pack 1.

[0135] The battery pack case 12 also includes a central battery cell accommodating chamber 122, which is arranged in the middle area of ​​the battery pack case 12, and two side battery cell accommodating chambers 121 are distributed on both sides of the central battery cell accommodating chamber 122, wherein the bottom surface of the central battery cell accommodating chamber 122 is higher than the bottom surface of the side battery cell accommodating chamber 121, so as to form a groove 11 at the bottom of the central battery cell accommodating chamber 122. The two side battery cell accommodating chambers 121 are distributed on both sides of the central battery cell accommodating chamber 122, and the battery cell 13 is placed in the central battery cell accommodating chamber 122, thereby further making full use of the space of the longitudinal beam 2 of the electric vehicle, so that the battery cell 13 can be installed on both sides and the top of the longitudinal beam 2, respectively, so as to achieve higher space utilization and increase the capacity of the battery cell 13 in the quick-change battery pack 1. At the same time, the groove 11 is located between the two side battery cell accommodating chambers 121, which is convenient for the arrangement of the groove 11 and has a more compact structure.

[0136] In other embodiments, the number of the side battery cell accommodating chambers 121 and the middle battery cell accommodating chambers 122 can be set as needed.

[0137] The groove 11 is used to avoid the longitudinal beam 2. When the quick-change battery pack 1 moves to the battery replacement station above the longitudinal beam 2, the opening of the groove 11 is aligned with the longitudinal beam 2, and the quick-change battery pack 1 will move downward in the vertical direction, so that the groove 11 is sleeved on the longitudinal beam 2, which has a compact structure and high space utilization. At the same time, it effectively avoids interference and has higher stability. In this embodiment, the groove 11 runs through the quick-change battery pack 1 along the length direction of the electric vehicle.

[0138] like Figure 5 As shown, a plurality of lock connection structures 14 are respectively arranged on the side walls of the groove 11 and are used to connect with the side walls of the longitudinal beam 2 .

[0139] In another embodiment, the lock connection structure 14 is disposed at the bottom of the groove 11 and is used to connect with the top of the longitudinal beam 2. The lock connection structure 14 can be disposed according to the space, and the space utilization rate is high.

[0140] like Figure 7 As shown, the battery pack body 12 is also provided with a plurality of first and second wire grooves 123 and 124 for cable routing. The first and second wire grooves 123 and 124 are located above the groove 11, wherein the first wire groove 123 is provided on the dividing plate in the middle battery cell accommodating cavity 122 and connects the adjacent battery cell spaces, and the second wire groove 124 is provided on the side wall between the adjacent battery cell accommodating cavities and communicates with the two adjacent battery cell accommodating cavities. The first and second wire grooves 123 and 124 above the groove 11 will be used for the passage of cables, so that the battery cells 13 in the two adjacent battery cell accommodating cavities and the battery cells 13 in the adjacent battery cell spaces will be electrically connected through cables, and the installation and connection are very convenient; at the same time, the structure is simple and the processing and manufacturing are convenient.

[0141] like Figure 6 As shown, the top of the battery cell accommodating cavity has an opening, and the quick-change battery pack 1 also includes a box cover 17, which is connected to the battery pack case 12 and is used to cover the opening of the battery cell accommodating cavity. The opening facilitates the installation of the battery cell 13 in the battery cell accommodating cavity, and then the box cover 17 is used to cover the battery cell 13 in the battery pack case 12, which is convenient for installation and has high stability.

[0142] In this embodiment, the box cover 17 is arranged one by one with the battery cell accommodating chamber. Of course, in other embodiments, the number of the box cover 17 can also be one, and one box cover 17 covers the openings of multiple battery cell accommodating chambers at the same time.

[0143] At least part of the top surface of the box cover 17 is inclined along the edge direction close to the battery pack box 12. Water on the box cover 17 will be discharged to the edge of the battery pack box 12 through the inclined top surface, effectively avoiding the generation of water accumulation and improving the safety and stability of the quick-change battery pack 1.

[0144] like Figure 8 As shown, the box cover 17 has a bent portion 171 bent downward and outward on all sides, and the top surface of the battery pack case 12 has a plurality of inwardly recessed discharge grooves, and the bent portion 171 extends into the discharge grooves and is connected to the battery pack case 12. The water on the top surface of the box cover 17 will flow out to the surroundings and extend into the discharge grooves through the bent portion 171, so that the water on the top surface of the box cover 17 will flow into the discharge grooves through the bent portion 171, and the water will be blocked by the discharge grooves to prevent water from entering the battery pack case 12, and the water will be easily discharged outward through the discharge grooves.

[0145] The bent portion 171 fits against the bottom of the discharge groove, and a sealing strip is pressed between the bent portion 171 and the discharge groove. The sealing strip has a strengthened sealing effect, effectively preventing water in the discharge groove from flowing into the battery pack box 12, and improving the sealing of the quick-change battery pack 1.

[0146] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, a plurality of locking mechanisms 3 are respectively arranged on the side walls of the longitudinal beam 2 , and the quick-change battery pack 1 is locked to the plurality of locking mechanisms 3 through a plurality of lock connection structures 14 to be connected to the longitudinal beam 2 .

[0147] In other embodiments, several locking mechanisms 3 may also be respectively arranged on the top of the longitudinal beam 2. The locking mechanism 3 can be installed in a diversified manner, can be arbitrarily arranged according to the space, and has a more stable connection.

[0148] In one embodiment, a plurality of locking mechanisms 3 may be directly mounted on the side walls of the two longitudinal beams 2 and / or on the top of the longitudinal beams 2 .

[0149] In another embodiment, the electric vehicle further comprises a fixing bracket, which is arranged on the side wall of the longitudinal beam 2 or the top of the longitudinal beam 2, and the plurality of locking mechanisms 3 are arranged on the fixing bracket. When the plurality of locking mechanisms 3 need to be installed on the longitudinal beam 2, the plurality of locking mechanisms 3 are first arranged on the fixing bracket to form a whole, and then the whole fixing bracket is installed on the longitudinal beam 2, so that the installation of the plurality of locking mechanisms 3 is facilitated and the installation precision is high; at the same time, the strength of the electric vehicle is improved, and the stability is higher.

[0150] like Fig.10 As shown, the fixing bracket includes two mounting beams 4, one side of the two mounting beams 4 is respectively connected to the opposite sides of the two longitudinal beams 2, and a plurality of locking mechanisms 3 are respectively connected to the other sides of the two mounting beams 4. The plurality of locking mechanisms 3 are installed on the two mounting beams 4, and the two mounting beams 4 are respectively installed on the opposite sides of the two longitudinal beams 2, so that the installation of the plurality of locking mechanisms 3 is realized with high installation precision; at the same time, the strength of the electric vehicle is improved, and the stability is higher.

[0151] like Fig.10 As shown, the electric vehicle further includes a reinforcement member 5 for installing an electric connector 6, the reinforcement member 5 is located between the two longitudinal beams 2, and the two ends of the reinforcement member 5 are respectively connected to the two longitudinal beams 2. The reinforcement member 5 has a reinforcing function, and by connecting the reinforcement member 5 with the two longitudinal beams 2, the overall structural strength of the electric vehicle is effectively strengthened, thereby improving the safety and stability of the electric vehicle.

[0152] The reinforcement member 5 includes a connecting member 52 and a mounting plate 51. The connecting member 52 is connected to the two longitudinal beams 2 and the mounting plate 51 respectively. The mounting plate 51 is used to install the electrical connector 6. The connecting member 52 is connected to the two longitudinal beams 2 to strengthen the structural connection strength. The electrical connector 6 is installed on the mounting plate 51, and the mounting plate 51 facilitates the installation of the electrical connector 6.

[0153] The reinforcement member 5 also includes two reinforcement plates 53, which are respectively connected to the two longitudinal beams 2, and the reinforcement plates 53 are connected to the connecting member 52 and the mounting plate 51. The two reinforcement plates 53 have a reinforcement effect, effectively strengthen the structural connection strength, and improve the safety and stability of the electric vehicle. Among them, an accommodation space is formed between the mounting plate 51, the connecting member 52 and the two reinforcement plates 53, and the electrical connector 6 will be arranged in the accommodation space. The reinforcement member 5 will have a shielding and protective effect on the electrical connector 6, and the safety and stability are higher.

[0154] The electrical connector 6 includes a vehicle-end electrical connector and a battery-end electrical connector that are detachably electrically connected. The vehicle-end electrical connector is arranged on the mounting plate 51, and the battery-end electrical connector is arranged on the battery pack box 12. There are two vehicle-end electrical connectors and two battery-end electrical connectors, which are arranged at intervals up and down. The vehicle-end electrical connector and the battery-end electrical connector use two standard connectors, which improve safety and carrying capacity. At the same time, due to standard parts, the cost is relatively low and it is more economical.

[0155] The locking mechanism 3 includes a lock groove for inserting the lock connection structure 14, and the opening of the lock groove faces the outside of the longitudinal beam 2. When locking, the groove 11 will be sleeved on the longitudinal beam 2, and the lock connection structure 14 in the groove 11 will be inserted into the lock groove through the opening of the lock groove, thereby realizing the locking of the lock connection structure 14 and the locking mechanism 3. When unlocking, the lock connection structure 14 will move out of the lock groove, so that the quick-change battery pack 1 and the two longitudinal beams 2 can be separated from each other, thereby realizing the unlocking of the lock connection structure 14 and the locking mechanism 3. The lock connection structure 14 is easy to insert into the lock groove, and the lock groove structure is simple and easy to process and manufacture.

[0156] like Fig. 9As shown, the locking mechanism 3 includes a locking seat 31, the locking seat 31 has an opening groove extending in the vertical direction and a locking groove extending in the horizontal direction, the lock connection structure 14 is a locking shaft, the locking groove is used for the locking shaft to be inserted and locked, the top of the opening groove is connected to the locking groove, and the locking shaft enters the locking groove when it reaches the intersection of the opening groove and the locking groove from the bottom of the opening groove in the vertical direction.

[0157] like Figure 5 As shown, the lock connection structure 14 is a lock shaft, which extends from the side wall of the groove 11 to the middle of the quick-change battery pack 1, one end of the lock shaft is connected to the battery pack box 12, and the other end is inserted into the locking groove to achieve locking. The structure is simple and easy to install.

[0158] At least part of the locking seat 31 is provided with a locking tongue 32, which is movably installed in the locking groove and can prevent the lock shaft from escaping from the locking groove. The locking tongue 32 extends into the locking groove, thereby preventing the lock connection structure 14 from escaping from the locking groove, and realizing that the lock connection structure 14 is stably inserted into the locking groove, and the locking is more reliable, thereby improving the stability of the locking mechanism 3 in the locked state.

[0159] The locking mechanism 3 also includes a locking link 33, which is movably connected to the locking seat 31 through a locking tongue 32. The locking link 33 will drive the locking tongue 32 to close or open the locking groove under the action of an external force, making the locking more reliable; at the same time, the locking link 33 can realize synchronous unlocking or locking of multiple locking tongues 32, which is very convenient to use and reduces costs.

[0160] When locking, the lock shaft moves downward in the vertical direction, from the bottom of the opening groove to the intersection of the opening groove and the locking groove, and then the lock shaft moves in the horizontal direction and enters the locking groove, so that the lock shaft is inserted and locked into the locking groove to achieve the locking of the lock connection structure 14 and the locking mechanism 3. When unlocking, the lock shaft will move in the horizontal direction to the intersection of the opening groove and the locking groove, and then the lock shaft moves upward in the vertical direction, so that the lock shaft is separated from the locking seat 31 from the bottom of the opening groove, so as to achieve the unlocking of the lock connection structure 14 and the locking mechanism 3. The quick-change battery pack 1 can be locked or unlocked by moving in the vertical and horizontal directions, which is very convenient to install and disassemble, and has a simple structure and is easy to process and manufacture.

[0161] In another embodiment, the locking seat 31 has an opening extending in the vertical direction, a first threaded portion or a stopper portion is provided in the opening, the lock connection structure 14 is a hanging member, the lock connection structure 14 has a matching second threaded portion or a stopper portion, and the locking seat 31 is vertically locked with the lock connection structure 14. With the above locking structure, the lock connection structure and the locking seat can be locked only in the vertical direction, the installation connection form is diversified, the connection is more stable, and the structural space utilization rate is high.

[0162] Of course, in other embodiments, the locking seat 31 and the lock connection structure 14 cooperate with each other through any one of screw connection, snap connection, buckle connection, plug connection, hook connection, and mortise and tenon connection to achieve the installation and connection of the quick-change battery pack 1 on the longitudinal beam 2.

[0163] like Figure 6 As shown, the quick-change battery pack 1 further includes a mounting bracket 15, and a plurality of lock connection structures 14 are all arranged on the mounting bracket 15 and are mounted on the battery pack case 12 through the mounting bracket 15. When it is necessary to install a plurality of lock connection structures 14 on the battery pack case 12, by firstly installing the plurality of lock connection structures 14 on the mounting bracket 15 to form a whole, and then installing the whole mounting bracket 15 on the battery pack case 12, it is convenient to install the plurality of lock connection structures 14, and the installation precision is high; at the same time, the strength of the quick-change battery pack 1 is improved, and the stability is higher.

[0164] like Figure 6 As shown, the quick-change battery pack 1 further includes a plurality of guide positioning mechanisms 16, which are arranged on the side wall of the groove 11, and a plurality of lock connection structures 14 and a plurality of guide positioning mechanisms 16 are arranged on the same side of the groove 11, so as to realize the utilization of the space in the groove 11. The guide positioning mechanism 16 has a guide positioning function, and through the plurality of guide positioning mechanisms 16, the opening of the groove 11 is precisely aligned with the longitudinal beam 2, so that the battery pack box 12 can be straightened, thereby realizing precise positioning, higher installation accuracy, and more stable installation and removal of the quick-change battery pack 1.

[0165] After the quick-change battery pack 1 is positioned by the plurality of guide positioning mechanisms 16, the groove 11 will be sleeved on the longitudinal beam 2, and the plurality of lock connection structures 14 located in the groove 11 will be moved and inserted into the connection groove of the longitudinal beam 2 to achieve precise locking. After positioning and guiding, the lock connection structure 14 is precisely positioned, thereby improving safety and stability.

[0166] In this embodiment, the guide positioning mechanism 16 is an elastic positioning mechanism. The elastic positioning mechanism includes a mounting shell, a positioning portion and an elastic component. The mounting shell is fixed to the battery pack body 12. The mounting shell has a receiving cavity inside. The outer side of the mounting shell is provided with a mounting opening connected to the receiving cavity. The positioning portion is passed through the mounting opening, and the outer side of the positioning portion extends out of the mounting opening and abuts against the side of the longitudinal beam 2. The elastic component acts on the inner side of the positioning portion and transmits a variable force between the positioning portion and the mounting shell to provide an outward clamping force to the longitudinal beam 2. Among them, the bottom surface of the outer side surface of the mounting shell has a first guide sliding surface. The bottom surface of the positioning portion extending out of the mounting opening has a second guide sliding surface.

[0167] In other embodiments, a plurality of guide positioning mechanisms are provided on the longitudinal beam 2 to realize accurate positioning of the quick-change battery pack 1 on the longitudinal beam 2. The guide positioning mechanism has a guide positioning function, and the quick-change battery pack 1 and the longitudinal beam 2 are aligned with each other under the guide positioning force of the guide positioning mechanism, thereby realizing accurate positioning, and the installation and removal of the quick-change battery pack 1 are more stable. Preferably, the guide positioning mechanism is an elastic positioning mechanism.

[0168] like Fig.11 As shown, this embodiment also discloses a battery replacement method for an electric vehicle, which is applied to the electric vehicle as described above. The battery replacement method includes the following steps:

[0169] Step S100, control the battery exchange equipment to move the quick-change battery pack 1 to the battery exchange station above the longitudinal beam 2, so that the groove 11 on the top of the quick-change battery pack 1 is aligned with the longitudinal beam 2.

[0170] Step S200, control the battery exchange equipment to lower the quick-change battery pack 1 to a preset height, so that the lock connection structure 14 on the quick-change battery pack 1 enters the locking mechanism 3 on the longitudinal beam 2, and the groove 11 at the bottom of the quick-change battery pack 1 is mounted on the longitudinal beam 2.

[0171] Step S300 , control the lock connection structure 14 and the locking mechanism 3 to be locked in place.

[0172] The quick-change battery pack 1 moves from the side of the electric vehicle to the top of the longitudinal beam 2. The walking movement of the battery-changing equipment will drive the quick-change battery pack 1 to move to the battery-changing station above the longitudinal beam 2, so that the groove 11 on the top of the quick-change battery pack 1 is aligned with the longitudinal beam 2, achieving precise control and high safety and stability. After the quick-change battery pack 1 approaches the longitudinal beam 2, the battery-changing equipment lowers the quick-change battery pack 1 so that the quick-change battery pack 1 moves downward in the vertical direction, so that the quick-change battery pack 1 moves to a preset height, so that the lock connection structure 14 moves through the opening groove to the intersection of the opening groove and the locking groove; finally, the lock connection structure 14 is controlled to enter the locking groove to achieve locking with the locking mechanism 3. It can effectively lower the center of gravity of the quick-change battery pack 1, increase the stability of the quick-change battery pack 1, and improve the stability and safety of the vehicle. At the same time, the structure is compact and the space utilization rate is high.

[0173] The step of controlling the battery exchange device to lower the quick-change battery pack 1 to a preset height also includes a positioning step; the positioning step includes controlling the battery exchange device to lower the quick-change battery pack 1, and multiple guide positioning mechanisms 16 on the inner wall of the groove 11 position and guide the quick-change battery pack 1, so that the opening of the groove 11 is aligned with the longitudinal beam 2, and the longitudinal beam 2 enters the opening of the groove 11. The multiple guide positioning mechanisms 16 cooperate with the longitudinal beam 2 to position and guide the quick-change battery pack 1, so that the groove 11 is accurately aligned with the longitudinal beam 2 and is smoothly mounted on the longitudinal beam 2, thereby improving safety and stability.

[0174] After the positioning step, the battery exchange equipment is controlled to continue to lower the quick-change battery pack 1 so that the groove 11 is sleeved on the longitudinal beam 2 to the preset position, so that the lock connection structure 14 on the quick-change battery pack 1 enters the locking mechanism 3 on the longitudinal beam 2. After the quick-change battery pack 1 passes the positioning step, the longitudinal beam 2 will enter the groove 11, and then enter the locking mechanism 3 on the longitudinal beam 2 through the lock connection structure 14, so that the quick-change battery pack 1 can be installed on the two longitudinal beams 2 with higher locking accuracy; and the displacement and dislocation of the quick-change battery pack 1 during use can be effectively avoided, which greatly improves safety and stability.

[0175] The plurality of guide positioning mechanisms 16 abut against the longitudinal beam 2 and limit the displacement of the longitudinal beam 2 in the groove 11. The plurality of guide positioning mechanisms 16 abut against the longitudinal beam 2 to limit the displacement of the longitudinal beam 2 in the groove 11, thereby effectively avoiding the displacement and dislocation of the quick-change battery pack 1 during use, and providing higher safety and stability.

[0176] Although the specific embodiments of the present invention are described above, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that this is only for illustration and the protection scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims. Those skilled in the art may make various changes or modifications to these embodiments without departing from the principles and essence of the present invention, but these changes and modifications all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A quick-change battery pack, which is detachably mounted on a longitudinal beam of an electric vehicle, characterized in that: A groove is provided at the bottom of the quick-change battery pack, and the quick-change battery pack includes a battery pack case and battery cells. The battery pack case is provided with a plurality of battery cell accommodating cavities for placing battery cells, and at least some of the battery cell accommodating cavities are distributed on both sides of the groove, and the groove is used to avoid the longitudinal beam; the quick-change battery pack also includes a guide and positioning mechanism, and the guide and positioning mechanism is arranged on the side wall of the groove.

2. The quick-change battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of the battery cell accommodating chambers are arranged in sequence and at intervals along the horizontal direction; And / or, the battery pack box has a plurality of partition plates, and the plurality of partition plates are respectively arranged in a plurality of the battery cell accommodating cavities and divide each of the battery cell accommodating cavities into a plurality of battery cell spaces for placing battery cells; And / or, the battery pack case is further provided with a plurality of cable passage grooves for cable routing, wherein the cable passage grooves are located above the grooves and are communicated with two adjacent battery cell accommodating cavities.

3. The quick-change battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plurality of battery cell accommodating cavities include a plurality of side battery cell accommodating cavities, and the plurality of side battery cell accommodating cavities are distributed on both sides of the groove; And / or, the battery pack case is provided with a plurality of lock connection structures, the plurality of lock connection structures are all located in the groove, and the battery pack case is connected to the longitudinal beam via the plurality of lock connection structures; Preferably, the lock connection structure is a lock shaft or a hanging member, and the lock shaft or the hanging member is connected to the connection groove of the longitudinal beam; And / or, the number of the guiding and positioning mechanisms is several, and the several guiding and positioning mechanisms are arranged on the battery pack box; And / or, the top of the battery cell accommodating cavity has an opening, and the quick-change battery pack also includes a box cover, which is connected to the battery pack box and is used to cover the opening of the battery cell accommodating cavity.

4. The quick-change battery pack according to claim 3, characterized in that: The plurality of battery cell accommodating chambers further include a middle battery cell accommodating chamber, the middle battery cell accommodating chamber is arranged in the middle area of ​​the battery pack body, and the plurality of side battery cell accommodating chambers are distributed on both sides of the middle battery cell accommodating chamber, wherein the bottom surface of the middle battery cell accommodating chamber is higher than the bottom surface of the side battery cell accommodating chamber, so as to form the groove at the bottom of the middle battery cell accommodating chamber; And / or, the lock shaft extends from the side wall of the groove toward the middle of the quick-change battery pack; And / or, the hanging member includes a threaded portion or a stop portion; And / or, a plurality of the guide positioning mechanisms and a plurality of the lock connection structures are located on the same side; And / or, the quick-change battery pack further comprises a mounting bracket, and the plurality of lock connection structures are arranged on the mounting bracket and mounted on the battery pack box through the mounting bracket; And / or, the guiding and positioning mechanism is an elastic positioning mechanism; And / or, the box cover and the battery cell accommodating cavity are arranged in one-to-one correspondence; And / or, at least a portion of the top surface of the box cover is inclined along an edge direction close to the battery pack box body; And / or, the box cover has a bending portion that is bent downward and outward on all sides, and the top surface of the battery pack box has a plurality of inwardly recessed discharge grooves, and the bending portion extends into the discharge grooves and is connected to the battery pack box.

5. The quick-change battery pack according to claim 4, characterized in that: A plurality of the lock connection structures are respectively arranged on the side walls of the groove and are used to connect with the side walls of the longitudinal beam; And / or, the lock connection structure is provided at the bottom of the groove and is used to connect with the top of the longitudinal beam; And / or, the bent portion is fitted against the bottom of the discharge groove, and a sealing strip is pressed between the bent portion and the discharge groove.

6. An electric vehicle, characterized in that: It includes two longitudinal beams, several locking mechanisms and a quick-change battery pack as described in any one of claims 3 to 5, wherein the several locking mechanisms are respectively arranged on the longitudinal beams, and the quick-change battery pack is locked to the several locking mechanisms through the several lock connection structures to be connected to the longitudinal beams.

7. The electric vehicle according to claim 6, characterized in that: A plurality of locking mechanisms are respectively arranged on the side walls of the longitudinal beam and / or the top of the longitudinal beam; And / or, the electric vehicle further comprises a fixing bracket, the fixing bracket is arranged on the side wall of the longitudinal beam or the top of the longitudinal beam, and the plurality of locking mechanisms are arranged on the fixing bracket; And / or, the electric vehicle further comprises a reinforcement member for mounting an electrical connector, the reinforcement member being located between the two longitudinal beams, and two ends of the reinforcement member being respectively connected to the two longitudinal beams; And / or, the locking mechanism comprises a lock slot for inserting the lock connection structure, and the opening of the lock slot faces the outer side of the longitudinal beam; And / or, the locking mechanism comprises a locking seat, the locking seat has an opening slot extending in a vertical direction and a locking slot extending in a horizontal direction, the lock connection structure is a locking shaft, the locking slot is used for the locking shaft to be inserted and locked, the top of the opening slot is connected to the locking slot, and the locking shaft enters the locking slot when it reaches the intersection of the opening slot and the locking slot from the bottom of the opening slot in the vertical direction; And / or, the locking mechanism comprises a locking seat, the locking seat has an opening extending in a vertical direction, a first threaded portion or a limiting portion is provided in the opening, and the locking connection structure has a matching second threaded portion or a stop portion; And / or, the electric vehicle further comprises a plurality of guiding and positioning mechanisms, and the plurality of guiding and positioning mechanisms are arranged on the longitudinal beam or the quick-change battery pack to achieve precise positioning of the quick-change battery pack on the longitudinal beam.

8. The electric vehicle according to claim 7, characterized in that: The fixing bracket comprises two mounting beams, one side of the two mounting beams is respectively connected to the opposite side surfaces of the two longitudinal beams, and a plurality of locking mechanisms are respectively connected to the other side of the two mounting beams; And / or, the reinforcement member includes a connecting member and a mounting plate, the connecting member is respectively connected to the two longitudinal beams and the mounting plate, and the mounting plate is used to mount the electrical connector; Preferably, the reinforcement member further comprises two reinforcement plates, the two reinforcement plates are respectively connected to the two longitudinal beams, and the reinforcement plates are connected to the connecting member and the mounting plate; And / or, at least part of the locking seat is provided with a locking tongue, the locking tongue is movably mounted in the locking groove and can prevent the locking shaft from escaping from the locking groove; Preferably, the locking mechanism further comprises a locking link, and the locking link is movably connected to the locking seat through the locking tongue; And / or, the guiding and positioning mechanism is an elastic positioning mechanism.

9. A battery replacement method for an electric vehicle, applied to the electric vehicle as claimed in any one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that: The battery replacement method comprises the following steps: Control the battery-changing equipment to move the quick-change battery pack to the battery-changing station above the longitudinal beam, so that the groove on the top of the quick-change battery pack is aligned with the longitudinal beam; Control the battery exchange device to lower the quick-change battery pack to a preset height, so that the lock connection structure on the quick-change battery pack enters the locking mechanism on the longitudinal beam, and the groove at the bottom of the quick-change battery pack is sleeved on the longitudinal beam; The lock connection structure and the locking mechanism are controlled to be locked in place.

10. The battery replacement method of an electric vehicle as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that: The step of controlling the battery-changing equipment to lower the quick-change battery pack to a preset height also includes a positioning step; The positioning step includes controlling the battery replacement device to lower the quick-change battery pack, and multiple guide positioning mechanisms on the inner wall of the groove guide the quick-change battery pack so that the opening of the groove is aligned with the longitudinal beam, and the longitudinal beam enters the opening of the groove; Preferably, after the positioning step, the battery exchange device is controlled to continue to lower the quick-change battery pack so that the groove sleeves the longitudinal beam to a preset position, so that the lock connection structure on the quick-change battery pack enters the locking mechanism on the longitudinal beam; More preferably, the plurality of guide and positioning mechanisms abut against the longitudinal beam and limit the displacement of the longitudinal beam in the groove.

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