Pesticide composition for protecting flowers and fruits, preparation and application of pesticide composition

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of pesticides, in particular to a pesticide composition capable of protecting flowers and fruits, a preparation and application of the pesticide composition. The effective components of the pesticide composition are sodium p-chlorophenoxyacetate and thidiazuron, and the mass ratio of the sodium p-chlorophenoxyacetate to the thidiazuron is (1.25-25): 1. The compounding effect of the pesticide composition can improve the flower and fruit retention effect of plants and improve the crop quality, and the pesticide composition is free of phytotoxicity and wide in adaptability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of pesticides, and in particular to a flower and fruit protecting pesticide composition, a preparation and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] When the fruit trees have insufficient nutritional reserves and young fruits are underdeveloped, if the flowers and fruits are not protected in time, the trees will have difficulty setting fruit or will set fruit but the fruit will be underdeveloped, greatly reducing the yield of the fruit trees.

[0003] The existing technology often uses the method of spraying plant growth regulators to protect flowers and fruits. However, although the use of a single plant growth regulator to protect flowers and fruits has a certain effect and the number of fruits has increased, the weight or quality of a single fruit cannot be improved. Secondly, different crops have different sensitivities to plant growth regulators. The current plant growth regulators have high technical requirements for use. For example, pears are more sensitive to gibberellin (920) than apples, and different varieties of jujube trees have different effects on gibberellin (920). The applicable concentration range of 2,4-D is narrow, and it is easy to cause phytotoxicity if you are not careful. Improper use of plant growth regulators may cause phytotoxicity or poor results, and may also reduce the yield and quality of crops, limiting their scope of application.

[0004] Therefore, it is of great significance to study a plant growth regulator composition that has wide adaptability, no phytotoxicity, good flower and fruit preservation effects, and can improve crop quality. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention provides a flower and fruit protection pesticide composition, a preparation and an application thereof to solve the defects in the prior art. The present invention compounds sodium 4-chlorophenoxyacetate and thidiazuron, which can improve the flower and fruit protection effect of plants and the quality of crops, has no pesticide damage and has wide adaptability.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a pesticide composition for protecting flowers and fruits, wherein the active ingredients of the pesticide composition are sodium p-chlorophenoxyacetate and thidiazuron, and the mass ratio of the sodium p-chlorophenoxyacetate to thidiazuron is (1.25-25):1.

[0008] Preferably, the mass ratio of sodium p-chlorophenoxyacetate to thidiazuron is (2.5-10):1.

[0009] In some embodiments of the present invention, the mass ratio of sodium p-chlorophenoxyacetate to thidiazuron is any one of 50:1, 25:1, 10:1, 5:1, 2.5:1, 1.25:1, 0.625:1 or a value between two of them.

[0010] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a pesticide formulation for protecting flowers and fruits, the pesticide formulation comprising the pesticide composition and pharmaceutically acceptable excipients.

[0011] The auxiliary materials include any one or more of solvents, additives, wetting agents, dispersants, antifreeze agents, thickeners, disintegrants, fillers, and nutritional elements.

[0012] The dosage form of the pesticide preparation includes any one of a soluble solution, a suspending agent, a soluble powder, and a water-dispersible granule.

[0013] The wetting agent is selected from one or more of cocamidopropyl betaine and isomeric alcohol polyoxyethylene ether.

[0014] The thickener is selected from any one or more of xanthan gum and magnesium aluminum silicate.

[0015] The dispersant is selected from any one or more of SP-SC3219, SP-SC3275 and pure water.

[0016] The filler is selected from any one or more of corn starch and diatomaceous earth.

[0017] The nutrient element is selected from any one or more of anhydrous magnesium sulfate, sodium tripolyphosphate, tripotassium phosphate, sodium hexametaphosphate, potassium phosphite, and borax pentahydrate.

[0018] In a third aspect, the present invention provides the use of the pesticide composition in promoting the preservation of flowers and fruits of crops.

[0019] Preferably, the crop is selected from any one of green pepper, large-leaf wax apple, litchi, lemon and ginseng fruit.

[0020] Preferably, the application concentration of sodium chlorophenoxyacetate in the pesticide composition is 5-10 mg / L, and the application concentration of thidiazuron is 0.1-8 mg / L.

[0021] More preferably, the application concentration of sodium chlorophenoxyacetate in the pesticide composition is 5 mg / L, and the application concentration of thidiazuron is 0.5-2 mg / L.

[0022] Preferably, the crop is Zanthoxylum bungeanum, and the pesticide composition is applied during the Zanthoxylum bungeanum flowering period.

[0023] Preferably, the crop is big-leaf wax apple, and the pesticide composition is applied during the white-belly stage of the big-leaf wax apple.

[0024] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0025] Sodium p-chlorophenoxyacetate is a synthetic phenoxyacetic acid compound with auxin activity, which can be absorbed by the roots, stems, leaves, flowers and fruits of plants, has a long duration of biological activity, can stimulate cell division and tissue differentiation, stimulate ovary expansion, induce parthenocarpy, form seedless fruits, promote fruit setting and fruit expansion. Thidiazuron is a urea plant growth regulator, belonging to heterocyclic aromatic ureas, which can promote cell division and plant growth. The present invention uses sodium p-chlorophenoxyacetate and thiazuron in a compound, and finds that it has a synergistic effect on increasing the flower and fruit retention rate and increasing yield of various crops, while also ensuring the quality of crops, and the agent has no phytotoxicity and high safety. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the invention, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with specific implementation methods.

[0027] Source of raw materials:

[0028] Sodium p-chlorophenoxyacetate, molecular formula C8H6ClNaO3, provided by Sichuan Runer Technology Co., Ltd.;

[0029] Thidiazuron, molecular formula C9H8N4OS, provided by Sichuan Runer Technology Co., Ltd.;

[0030] CAB35 cocamidopropyl betaine—purchased from Chengdu Kehongda Chemical Co., Ltd.;

[0031] SP-SC3275 polycarboxylate modified—purchased from Jiangsu Qingyu Technology Chemical Co., Ltd.;

[0032] SP-SC3219 naphthalenesulfonate modified product—purchased from Jiangsu Qingyu Technology Chemical Co., Ltd.

[0033] Example 1 Sodium p-chlorophenoxyacetate·thidiazuron soluble solution

[0034] According to the mass percentage formula described in Table 1, thidiazuron is dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide or N-methylpyrrolidone, Tween 80 is added and stirred evenly, CAB35 or isomeric alcohol polyoxyethylene ether is added and stirred evenly, water is added, and finally sodium p-chlorophenoxyacetate is added and stirred to dissolve.

[0035] Table 1

[0036]

[0037]

[0038] Example 2 Sodium p-chlorophenoxyacetate·Thidiazuron Suspension

[0039] According to the mass percentage formula described in Table 2, thidiazuron, SP-SC3219, SP-SC3275 and purified water were first stirred evenly, and then homogenized with a high-speed dispersant for 10 minutes; the slurry was then transferred to a sand mill and sand milled for 30 minutes; sodium p-chlorophenoxyacetate was then added and stirred to dissolve for 30 minutes; xanthan gum and aluminum magnesium silicate were then added to ethylene glycol in turn and dispersed evenly, mixed and swollen with water accounting for 5% by mass, and added to the sand mill liquid; finally, a high-speed dispersant was used for homogenization for 15 minutes to obtain a sodium p-chlorophenoxyacetate·thidiazuron suspension.

[0040] Table 2

[0041]

[0042] Example 3: Test on the Compound of Sodium p-chlorophenoxyacetate and Thidiazuron with Zanthoxylum bungeanum

[0043] Test time: 2023.4.29-2023.6.15

[0044] Test location: Pingchuan gas station, Pingchuan Town, Yanyuan County, Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture, Sichuan Province

[0045] Test object: Green pepper. Management level: The test trees have a growth cycle of 4 years and their overall growth is average. No flower-preserving and fruit-promoting agents were used on the test trees. Only disease and insect pest prevention was carried out. No other diseases and insect pests occurred. The soil type is sandy loam.

[0046] Test agents: The treatment concentrations of single and combined sodium 4-chlorophenoxyacetate and thidiazuron are shown in Table 3.

[0047] Control drug: 0.1% Tween 80 aqueous solution.

[0048] How to use: Treat 2 trees each time. On April 29, 2023, spray the whole plant during the flowering period of green pepper, and use about 500ml of liquid per tree.

[0049] Test basis: Refer to GB / T 17980.145-2004 Guidelines for Field Efficacy Tests of Pesticides (II) Part 145 Test on Plant Growth Regulators to Promote Flowering and Fruit Setting of Fruit Trees, and NY / T 2061.5-2016 Guidelines for Indoor Bioassay Tests of Pesticides Plant Growth Regulators Part 5_Determination of the Combined Effect of Mixtures.

[0050] Experimental observation: Three days after application, no spots, burns, curling, or falling off were observed on the leaves, and no spots, burns, or falling off were observed on the young fruits.

[0051] Data statistical analysis: For each tree corresponding to each treatment group, 5 branches with similar length and thickness facing the same direction were randomly selected for marking, and the fruit retention rate of each treatment was counted and the average value was calculated. The single plant yield of each tree corresponding to each treatment concentration was counted, and the per mu yield and yield increase rate were calculated (plant spacing 2.8m×2.8m, 85 plants per mu). DPS6.55 (Duncan) statistical software was used for analysis. The fruit retention rate C1 and yield increase rate C2 were calculated based on the experimental data.

[0052] Fruit retention rate (%) = number of fruits before harvesting / number of fruits before application × 100%;

[0053] Yield increase rate (%) = (yield of treatment group - yield of control group) / yield of control group × 100%

[0054] Evaluation method: The Gowing formula is used to calculate the theoretical E1 and E2 after mixing. The actual measured C1 and C2 after mixing are compared with the theoretical indicators E1 and E2 obtained by the Gowing formula. The actual value is greater than the theoretical value by 10%, which is a synergistic effect. The actual value is greater than the theoretical value by a difference of 0%-10%, which is an additive effect. The actual value is less than the theoretical value, which is an antagonistic effect. The results are shown in Tables 3 and 4. The calculation method of the Gowing formula is as follows: Gowing formula: E = x + y - xy / 100; x, y are the actual increase rates obtained by using each component alone.

[0055] Table 3 Fruit retention and yield test after each single agent or combination was applied to green pepper

[0056]

[0057]

[0058] Table 4 Crop quality test after each single agent or combination was applied to green pepper

[0059]

[0060] As can be seen from Table 3, the compound of sodium p-chlorophenoxyacetate and thidiazuron of the present invention has better fruit retention and yield-increasing effects than single agents, wherein, at a mass ratio of (1.25-25):1, it has an additive or synergistic effect on the fruit retention and yield-increasing of green pepper; further, at a mass ratio of (2.5-10):1, it has a synergistic effect on the fruit retention and yield-increasing of green pepper. In terms of fruit retention rate and yield-increasing rate indicators, when used as a single agent, sodium p-chlorophenoxyacetate 10mg / L is better than 5mg / L, and thidiazuron 4mg / L has the best effect; after compound use, sodium p-chlorophenoxyacetate 5mg / L and thidiazuron 1-2mg / L have significantly improved fruit retention rate and yield-increasing rate indicators relative to single agents. It can be seen that after compounding, the present invention can achieve better fruit retention and yield-increasing effects by using a smaller amount of sodium p-chlorophenoxyacetate and thidiazuron.

[0061] As can be seen from Table 4, the combination of sodium p-chlorophenoxyacetate and furfural aminopurine of the present invention can increase the content of nausea, water content and non-volatile ether extract compared with the single agent, which is basically consistent with the control group. It can be seen that the composition does not reduce the quality of green pepper while increasing the yield.

[0062] As described above, the use of the sodium p-chlorophenoxyacetate and thidiazuron composition of the present invention can promote the fruit-preserving effect of green pepper while reducing the dosage of sodium p-chlorophenoxyacetate and thidiazuron, increase the yield, and ensure the quality of the crop.

[0063] Example 4: Test on the combination of sodium p-chlorophenoxyacetate and thidiazuron with large-leaf wax apple

[0064] Test period: 2023.11.17 to 2023.12.08

[0065] Test location: Dalu Town, Hainan Province

[0066] Test object: Big-leaf wax apple. Management level: The flower buds are in the white belly stage, there are no obvious pests and diseases in the garden, there are a small amount of weeds in the garden, the test plants all have a small amount of purple-red new leaves, the fertilizer and water management conditions are good, and the soil is sandy loam.

[0067] Test reagents and treatment period: Wax apple trees with similar age, shape and vigor were selected, and one tree was treated with each treatment concentration. The treatment concentrations of sodium 4-chlorophenoxyacetate and furfural aminopurine alone and in combination are shown in Table 5. The control agent was 0.1% Tween 80 aqueous solution; the ear part was soaked when the plant was in the white belly stage, and the amount of liquid used was about 7.5 kg / plant.

[0068] Test basis: Refer to GB / T 17980.145-2004 Guidelines for Field Efficacy Tests of Pesticides (II) Part 145 Test on Plant Growth Regulators to Promote Flowering and Fruit Setting of Fruit Trees, and NY / T 2061.5-2016 Guidelines for Indoor Bioassay Tests of Pesticides Plant Growth Regulators Part 5_Determination of the Combined Effect of Mixtures.

[0069] Experimental observation: Safety: There was no curling, deformity, or yellowing of leaves, and no deformity or falling of flower buds. Data statistical analysis: Five branches were randomly selected from each tree corresponding to each treatment group, and the flower retention rate, fruit retention rate, and primary fruit rate of each branch were counted, and the average value was calculated. The yield of each tree corresponding to each treatment concentration was measured, and the per-acre yield and yield increase rate were calculated (plant spacing 4m×5m, 33 plants per acre).

[0070] The statistical software DPS6.55 (Duncan) was used for analysis. The flower retention rate C1, fruit retention rate C2, yield increase rate and first-grade fruit rate were calculated based on the experimental data.

[0071] Flower retention rate, % = the number of wax apple flowers counted in the second time / the number of wax apple flowers counted in the first time × 100%;

[0072] Fruit retention rate, % = number of fruits / number of wax apple flowers counted for the first time × 100%;

[0073] The first count of wax apple flowers is to count the number of flowers on the marked branches on the day of medication. The second count of flowers is to count the number of flowers on the marked branches 5 days after medication.

[0074] Yield increase rate, % = (yield of treatment group - yield of control group) / yield of control group × 100%

[0075] First-grade fruit rate (%) = number of first-grade fruits / total number of fruits × 100% (first-grade fruit, single fruit weight ≥ 100g; second-grade fruit, single fruit weight 80-100g; small fruit, ≤60g).

[0076] Table 5 Test of single agent or combination applied to wax apple to preserve flowers and fruits

[0077]

[0078] It can be seen from Table 5 that the composition prepared by sodium p-chlorophenoxyacetate and thidiazuron of the present invention has a synergistic effect on the preservation of flowers and fruits of large-leaf wax apples at a mass ratio of (1.25-10):1, and can improve the flower and fruit preservation rate, increase per mu yield, and improve fruit quality.

[0079] Example 5 Drug Safety Evaluation

[0080] Purpose of the test: To verify the safety of flower and fruit preservation on various crops

[0081] Test time: 2024.1~2024.6

[0082] Test objects and test locations: Litchi - Baomiyuan, Huangzhu Town, Ding'an County, Hainan Province; Lemon - Baizi Town, Tongnan District, Chongqing City; Ginseng fruit - Shangxinmin Village, Wujiepu Town, Luxi County, Honghe Prefecture, Yunnan Province Test treatment: Litchi - March 14, 2024, Usage: Foliar spray, before and after the fruit "single" in the growth period of the plant, liquid dosage: 7.5kg / plant

[0083] Lemon (Eureka) - April 19, 2024; Usage: Spray on the leaves of the whole plant; Plant growth period: 80% of flowers have faded, dosage 2-3L / plant

[0084] Ginseng fruit - June 21, 2024, Usage: foliar spraying, liquid dosage: 15kg / mu. Safety evaluation:

[0085] “+” The leaves have any of the following phenomena: slight curling, deformity, yellowing, spots, etc., which can recover on their own and will not affect fruit setting and growth.

[0086] “++” The leaves have any of the following phenomena: curling, deformity, yellowing, spots, etc., and cannot resume growth, but it does not affect fruit setting and fruit growth.

[0087] "+++" means the leaves are curled, deformed, yellowed, spotted, etc. The fruits are deformed, seedless, fall off, or are not full.

[0088] Table 6 Safety evaluation of each single agent or combination in the flower and fruit preservation test

[0089]

[0090]

[0091] It can be seen from Table 6 that the pesticide preparation prepared by the composition of the present invention did not cause any pesticide damage when applied to a variety of crops, indicating that the composition of the present invention has wide adaptability and high safety.

[0092] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that the above preferred embodiments should not be regarded as limiting the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention should be based on the scope defined by the claims. For ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A pesticide composition for protecting flowers and fruits, characterized in that: The active ingredients of the pesticide composition are sodium p-chlorophenoxyacetate and thidiazuron, and the mass ratio of the sodium p-chlorophenoxyacetate to thidiazuron is (1.25-25):

1.

2. The pesticide composition according to claim 1, characterized in that The mass ratio of sodium p-chlorophenoxyacetate to thidiazuron is (2.5-10):

1.

3. A pesticide formulation for protecting flowers and fruits, characterized in that: The pesticide preparation comprises the pesticide composition according to claim 1 and pharmaceutically acceptable excipients.

4. The pesticide formulation according to claim 3, characterized in that The dosage form of the pesticide preparation includes any one of a soluble solution, a suspending agent, a soluble powder, and a water-dispersible granule.

5. The pesticide formulation according to claim 3, characterized in that: The auxiliary materials include any one or more of solvents, additives, wetting agents, dispersants, antifreeze agents, thickeners, disintegrants, fillers, and nutritional elements.

6. Use of the pesticide composition according to claim 1 or 2 in promoting the preservation of flowers and fruits of crops.

7. The use according to claim 6, characterized in that: The crop is selected from any one of green prickly ash, large-leaf wax apple, lychee, lemon and ginseng fruit.

8. The use according to claim 6, characterized in that: The application concentration of sodium p-chlorophenoxyacetate in the pesticide composition is 5-10 mg / L, and the application concentration of thidiazuron is 0.1-8 mg / L.

9. The use according to claim 6, characterized in that: The crop is Zanthoxylum bungeanum, and the pesticide composition is applied during the flowering period of Zanthoxylum bungeanum.

10. The use according to claim 6, characterized in that: The crop is big-leaf wax apple, and the pesticide composition is applied during the white-belly stage of the big-leaf wax apple.

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