Kirschner wire and femoral neck positioning guider with same

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments, in particular to a kirschner wire and a femoral neck positioning guider with the kirschner wire. The kirschner wire comprises an inner wire body and a sleeve, one end of the inner wire body is arranged to be a sharp end, one end of the sleeve is arranged to be a conical end, a locking assembly is arranged at the other end of the sleeve, the inner wire body penetrates through the sleeve, and the locking assembly is used for being locked or unlocked with the inner wire body. And the inner needle body can move or be fixed relative to the sleeve. The kirschner wire guider has the advantages that the structural design is simple and reasonable, compared with the traditional technology, the defect that a traditional kirschner wire cannot accurately enter due to the fact that the traditional kirschner wire is prone to deformation during nailing is overcome, a positioning screw of a traditional guider is omitted, a sleeve is used for positioning and guiding, a wire body can enter more easily, bending is not prone to occurring, and real minimally invasive performance is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of medical devices, and in particular to a Kirschner wire and a femoral neck positioning guide having the same. Background Art

[0002] Kirschner wire is a commonly used internal fixation material in orthopedics. It is used to fix fractures with little stress, such as short fractures or avulsion fractures, and is also used to fix temporary fracture fragments in orthopedic surgery. The original specifications of Kirschner wires are generally fixed at about 20 centimeters, and there are several different specifications with a diameter between 0.5-2 mm. It is used to fix fractures with little stress, such as short fractures or avulsion fractures, and is also often used to fix temporary fracture fragments in orthopedic surgery. Due to its wide application, the maximum diameter of Kirschner wires has gradually increased to 4 mm. With the development of external fixators, it is used in conjunction with external fixation screws to fix larger emergency fractures such as pelvic fractures and calcaneal fractures.

[0003] At present, when using Kirschner wires, especially for positioning after femoral neck fractures, they generally need to be used in conjunction with a positioning guide. Because the Kirschner wires are long and need to be nailed in, they are prone to bending and deformation when nailed in. They may also slide on the bone surface and cause displacement, resulting in deviations in the position and angle of entry of the Kirschner wire, making it impossible to accurately fix. In traditional surgery, it is often necessary to repeatedly adjust the position and angle of the Kirschner wire, while expanding the skin incision to cause a larger wound. In addition, repeated nailing will cause more bone destruction, affect bone healing, increase the failure rate of surgery, and cannot achieve true minimally invasive surgery. Some doctors will choose Kirschner wires with higher hardness to try to solve this problem, but they still cannot avoid deformation and sliding of the Kirschner wires. Moreover, the brittleness will increase after the hardness is increased, and there is a risk of breakage. It is also very difficult to cut or bend the stump in vitro after implantation.

[0004] Based on this, it is necessary to develop a new Kirschner wire that is not easy to bend and deform but can retain elasticity and toughness, and a femoral neck positioning guide having the same, to overcome the above technical problems. Summary of the invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a Kirschner wire and a femoral neck positioning guide having the same, which effectively overcomes the defects of the prior art.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention to solve the above technical problems is as follows:

[0007] A Kirschner wire comprises an inner needle body and a sleeve, wherein one end of the inner needle body is set as a pointed end, one end of the sleeve is set as a tapered end, and the other end of the sleeve is provided with a locking assembly, the inner needle body passes through the sleeve, and the locking assembly is used to lock or unlock the inner needle body so that the inner needle body can move or be fixed relative to the sleeve.

[0008] Based on the above technical solution, the present invention can also be improved as follows.

[0009] Further, the locking assembly includes a first tube column and a tube sleeve, the first tube column is coaxially fixed to one end portion of the sleeve, one end of the first tube column is provided with a plurality of first extrusion flaps with a fan-shaped cross section along its circumference, the tube sleeve is sleeved outside the first tube column, the tube sleeve is used to move relative to the first tube column to one end sleeved outside the plurality of first extrusion flaps, and squeeze the plurality of first extrusion flaps inwardly, so that the plurality of first extrusion flaps surround and hold the inner needle body, or the tube sleeve moves relative to the first tube column to be away from the first extrusion flap.

[0010] Furthermore, the number of the first extrusion petals is three.

[0011] Furthermore, the surface of the first pipe column is provided with an external thread, the middle part of the pipe sleeve is provided with an internal thread, and the pipe sleeve is screwed onto the outside of the first pipe column.

[0012] Furthermore, an anti-slip structure is provided on the outside of the pipe sleeve.

[0013] Furthermore, the anti-slip structure is a kind of corrugation, convex point or concave pit.

[0014] The beneficial effects are: Kirschner wires can be made thinner, do not require incision, and are easy to enter the patient's bone. This overcomes the problems of traditional Kirschner wires being large in size, easy to bend and break, making them more convenient to use and achieving true minimally invasive surgery.

[0015] A femoral neck positioning guide is also provided, which has a central axis rod, on which is mounted a three-hole positioning sleeve which can slide or be fixed along the central axis rod, wherein the three-hole positioning sleeve is provided with a plurality of parallel and spaced through holes, wherein the through holes form an angle with the central axis rod, and second tube columns are coaxially arranged at one end of the three-hole positioning sleeve corresponding to the opening positions of one end of the three through holes, and a plurality of second extrusion petals with fan-shaped cross-sections are circumferentially arranged at one end of the second tube column away from the three-hole positioning sleeve, and a Kirschner wire as claimed in any one of the claims is passed through each of the through holes, and the tube sleeve can be moved to the other end to be sleeved on the outside of the plurality of second extrusion petals and the second tube column, and the plurality of second extrusion petals are squeezed inwardly, so that the plurality of second extrusion petals surround and hold the sleeve tightly.

[0016] Furthermore, the outer diameter of the second extrusion flap gradually decreases from one end close to the second pipe column to the other end.

[0017] Furthermore, the number of the second extrusion flaps is three.

[0018] Furthermore, an internal thread is provided at the middle of the pipe sleeve, and an external thread is provided at the outside of the second pipe column. The pipe sleeve can be moved to be sleeved on the outside of the second pipe column and screwed together.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: compared with traditional technologies, the size of the Kirschner wire can be made thinner, the positioning screw of the traditional guide is eliminated, and the sleeve is used for positioning and guiding. The needle body is easier to enter and is not prone to bending, thus achieving true minimally invasive surgery. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the Kirschner wire of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the Kirschner wire of the present invention after the tube sleeve is removed;

[0022] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the femoral neck positioning guide of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure when the Kirschner wire of the present invention cooperates with the three-hole positioning sleeve in the femoral neck positioning guide;

[0024] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram from another perspective of the cooperation between the Kirschner wire of the present invention and the three-hole positioning sleeve in the femoral neck positioning guide.

[0025] In the accompanying drawings, the components represented by the reference numerals are listed as follows:

[0026] 1. Inner needle body; 2. Sleeve; 3. Locking assembly; 31. First tube column; 32. Tube sleeve; 51. Central axis rod; 52. Three-hole positioning sleeve; 311. First extrusion flap; 521. Second tube column; 522. Second extrusion flap. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The principles and features of the present invention are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The examples given are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0028] Example: Figure 1 As shown, the Kirschner wire of this embodiment includes an inner needle body 1 and a sleeve 2, one end of the inner needle body 1 is set as a pointed end, one end of the sleeve 2 is set as a tapered end, and the other end of the sleeve 2 is provided with a locking assembly 3, the inner needle body 1 passes through the sleeve 2, and the locking assembly 3 is used to lock or unlock with the inner needle body 1 so that the inner needle body 1 can be moved or fixed relative to the sleeve 2.

[0029] Before using the Kirschner wire of this embodiment, the relative positions of the inner needle body 1 and the sleeve 2 are adjusted so that the sleeve 2 covers the end of the needle body 1 close to the needle tip as much as possible, and then the sleeve 2 is locked and fixed with the inner needle body 1 through the locking assembly 3 at the other end of the sleeve 2. Next, when the Kirschner wire is nailed in, it will be nailed into the patient's bone surface together with the sleeve 2 until the tapered end of the sleeve 2 slightly enters the bone surface. The locking of the locking assembly 3 and the inner needle body 1 is released, and the inner needle body 1 can move relative to the sleeve 2. Next, the inner needle body 1 is continued to be nailed into the bone alone. During this process, the sleeve 2 can provide support and guidance for the inner needle body 1, which can avoid the risk of bending, deformation or breakage of the inner needle body 1 during the hammering and nailing process. The one-time nailing success rate is very high, which shortens the operation cycle and truly realizes minimally invasive surgery.

[0030] As a preferred embodiment, Figure 1 , 2 As shown, the locking assembly 3 includes a first tube column 31 and a tube sleeve 32. The first tube column 31 is coaxially fixed to one end of the sleeve 2. One end of the first tube column 31 is provided with a plurality of first squeezing petals 311 with a fan-shaped cross section along its circumference. The tube sleeve 32 is sleeved on the outside of the first tube column 31. The tube sleeve 32 is used to move relative to the first tube column 31 to one end to sleeve on the outside of the plurality of first squeezing petals 311, and squeeze the plurality of first squeezing petals 311 inwardly, so that the plurality of first squeezing petals 311 surround and hold the inner needle body 1, or the tube sleeve 32 moves relative to the first tube column 31 to be away from the first squeezing petal 311.

[0031] In the above embodiment, when locking, the operating sleeve 32 is moved close to the multiple first squeezing petals 311, and the first squeezing petals 311 gradually enter the sleeve 32 and are squeezed inward by the sleeve 32. During the squeezing process, the multiple first squeezing petals 311 will hold the inner needle body 1 inward, thereby realizing the locking of the inner needle body 1 and the locking assembly 3. The operation is very simple and convenient.

[0032] In this embodiment, three first squeezing petals 311 are provided.

[0033] As a preferred embodiment, the surface of the first pipe column 31 is provided with an external thread, the middle portion of the pipe sleeve 32 is provided with an internal thread, and the pipe sleeve 32 is screwed onto the outside of the first pipe column 31 .

[0034] In the above embodiment, since the tube sleeve 32 and the first tube column 31 are threadedly connected, when locking, the tube sleeve 32 is rotated, and when rotating, it can move relative to the long axis direction of the first tube column 31, so that it can move to wrap and extrude the multiple first extrusion petals 311, thereby realizing the locking of the inner needle body 1, and the operation is very quick.

[0035] In this embodiment, the outer portion of the tube sleeve 32 is provided with an anti-skid structure, so as to facilitate applying an external force to twist the tube sleeve 32 and reduce the slipping phenomenon when twisting.

[0036] In this embodiment, the anti-slip structure is a kind of corrugation, convex point or concave pit.

[0037] Example 2

[0038] like Figure 3 , 4 As shown in Figure 5, the femoral neck positioning guide of this embodiment has a central axis rod 51, on which a three-hole positioning sleeve 52 that can slide or be fixed thereon is installed, and the three-hole positioning sleeve 52 is provided with a plurality of parallel and spaced through holes, and the through holes form an angle with the central axis rod 51 (the angle is an acute angle), and is characterized in that: one end of the three-hole positioning sleeve 52 corresponds to the position of one end of the three through holes, and second tube columns 521 are coaxially provided with one end, and the second tube column 521 is away from the end of the three-hole positioning sleeve 52. A plurality of second extrusion petals 522 with a fan-shaped cross-section are circumferentially provided, and each of the through holes is penetrated by a Kirschner wire as in Example 1, and the tube sleeve 32 can be moved to the other end to be sleeved on the outside of the plurality of second extrusion petals 522 and the second tube column 521, and the plurality of second extrusion petals 522 are squeezed inwardly, so that the plurality of second extrusion petals 522 surround and hold the sleeve 2 tightly.

[0039] The main body of the femoral neck positioning guide in this embodiment belongs to the prior art (such as the patent technology with publication number CN213098259U). On the basis of the prior art, the three Kirschner wires at the three-hole positioning sleeve 52 in the technical solution of this application replace the traditional Kirschner wires in the prior art, and the structure of the three-hole positioning sleeve 52 in the traditional technology is adjusted. The three-hole positioning sleeve 52 is a rectangular block-shaped component, and three channels distributed in a triangular shape are arranged therein, which run through its two ends. One end of the channel is respectively provided with a second tube column 521 and a second extrusion flap 522, and the other end of the three-hole positioning sleeve 52 is provided with an embedded hole that obliquely penetrates from one end to the surface of one side thereof. The engaging groove (indicated by a in the figure) is used to insert the central axis 51. A butterfly bolt (indicated by b in the figure) threadedly connected to the three-hole positioning sleeve 52 is vertically provided on one side of the three-hole positioning sleeve 52. The butterfly bolt extends into the engaging groove to lock (lock against the central axis 51) or unlock the central axis 51. The sleeve 2 passes through the channel, and the inner needle body 1 passes through the sleeve 2. The sleeve 32 of the locking assembly 3 can move toward the first tube column 31 to squeeze a plurality of first squeezing petals 311 to lock the inner needle body 1, or the sleeve 32 can move toward one end of the three-hole positioning sleeve 52 and be sleeved on the second tube column 521 to squeeze a plurality of second squeezing petals 522 to lock the sleeve 2 itself. Of course, the Kirschner wires in the two connecting sleeves in the traditional technology can also be replaced by the Kirschner wires of this embodiment.

[0040] In this embodiment, the outer diameter of the second squeezing petal 522 gradually decreases from one end close to the second pipe column 521 to the other end. When the sleeve 32 moves toward the second pipe column 521, it can smoothly wrap around the end with the smaller outer diameter of the second squeezing petal 522, and then continue to move to squeeze the second squeezing petal 522 inward to hold the sleeve 2.

[0041] In this embodiment, three second squeezing petals 522 are provided.

[0042] In this embodiment, the inner middle part of the sleeve 32 is provided with an internal thread, and the outer part of the second pipe column 521 is provided with an external thread. The sleeve 32 can be moved to be sleeved outside the second pipe column 521 and screwed together. When the sleeve 32 is moved to be sleeved outside the second pipe column 521 and the second squeezing petal 522 is squeezed, the internal thread of the sleeve 32 will be screwed together with the external thread on the outer surface of the second pipe column 521. After the screwing, the sleeve 32 can be twisted to ensure the stable connection and locking of the sleeve 32 and the second pipe column 521. The operation is very simple.

[0043] In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms “center”, “longitudinal”, “lateral”, “length”, “width”, “thickness”, “up”, “down”, “front”, “back”, “left”, “right”, “vertical”, “horizontal”, “top”, “bottom”, “inside”, “outside”, “clockwise”, “counterclockwise”, “axial”, “radial”, “circumferential”, etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0044] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0045] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0046] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" or "above" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0047] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, without contradiction.

[0048] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is to be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and are not to be construed as limitations of the present invention. A person skilled in the art may change, modify, replace and vary the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A Kirschner wire, characterized in that: The invention comprises an inner needle body (1) and a sleeve (2), wherein one end of the inner needle body (1) is set as a pointed end, one end of the sleeve (2) is set as a conical end, and the other end of the sleeve (2) is provided with a locking assembly (3), the inner needle body (1) passes through the sleeve (2), and the locking assembly (3) is used to lock or unlock with the inner needle body (1) so that the inner needle body (1) can be moved or fixed relative to the sleeve (2).

2. A Kirschner wire according to claim 1, characterized in that: The locking assembly (3) comprises a first tube column (31) and a tube sleeve (32), wherein the first tube column (31) is coaxially fixed to one end of the sleeve (2), and one end of the first tube column (31) is provided with a plurality of first extrusion flaps (311) with a fan-shaped cross section along its circumference, and the tube sleeve (32) is sleeved outside the first tube column (31), and the tube sleeve (32) is used to move relative to the first tube column (31) to one end to sleeve outside the plurality of first extrusion flaps (311) and to squeeze the plurality of first extrusion flaps (311) inwardly, so that the plurality of first extrusion flaps (311) surround and hold the inner needle body (1), or the tube sleeve (32) moves relative to the first tube column (31) to be away from the first extrusion flap (311).

3. A Kirschner wire according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first extrusion flaps (311) are provided with three.

4. A Kirschner wire according to claim 2, characterized in that: The surface of the first pipe column (31) is provided with an external thread, the middle part of the pipe sleeve (32) is provided with an internal thread, and the pipe sleeve (32) is screwed onto the outside of the first pipe column (31).

5. A Kirschner wire according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that: The outside of the pipe sleeve (32) is provided with an anti-slip structure.

6. A Kirschner wire according to claim 5, characterized in that: The anti-slip structure is a kind of corrugation, convex point and concave pit.

7. A femoral neck positioning guide, the guide comprising a central axis rod (51), a three-hole positioning sleeve (52) being mounted on the central axis rod (51) and being able to slide along or be fixed thereon, the three-hole positioning sleeve (52) being provided with a plurality of parallel and spaced through holes, the through holes being at an angle to the central axis rod (51), characterized in that: One end of the three-hole positioning sleeve (52) is coaxially provided with a second tube column (521) at the opening position of one end of the three through holes corresponding to each other, and the second tube column (521) is circumferentially provided with a plurality of second extrusion flaps (522) with a fan-shaped cross-section at one end away from the three-hole positioning sleeve (52), and each of the through holes is penetrated by a Kirschner wire as claimed in any one of claims 2 to 6, and the tube sleeve (32) can be moved to the other end to be sleeved on the outside of the plurality of second extrusion flaps (522) and the second tube column (521), and the plurality of second extrusion flaps (522) are squeezed inwardly, so that the plurality of second extrusion flaps (522) surround and hold the sleeve (2).

8. A Kirschner wire according to claim 7, characterized in that: The outer diameter of the second extrusion flap (522) gradually decreases from one end close to the second pipe column (521) to the other end.

9. A Kirschner wire according to claim 7, characterized in that: The second extrusion flaps (522) are provided with three.

10. A Kirschner wire according to claim 7, characterized in that: An internal thread is provided at the middle of the pipe sleeve (32), and an external thread is provided at the outside of the second pipe column (521). The pipe sleeve (32) can be moved to be sleeved outside the second pipe column (521) and screwed together.

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