Molar positioning and guiding device

Abstract

The invention discloses a molar positioning and guiding device which comprises a guide plate, a dental bur, a guide sleeve, a bearing, a limiting block and the like, the dental bur rotating at a high speed and the guide sleeve are not directly matched, enough space exists between the outer side face of the dental bur and the guide sleeve, and due to the fact that the bearing is arranged on the outer side of the dental bur in a sleeving mode, the bearing is not prone to falling off. Compared with the prior art, the dental bur and the guide sleeve are matched through the bearing, the matching between the inner ring body and the outer ring body in the bearing is used for replacing the matching between the dental bur and the guide sleeve, and due to the structural characteristics of the bearing, the dental bur and the guide sleeve can not be collided or rubbed. Compared with the prior art, heat generated by friction and collision between the inner ring body and the outer ring body is obviously reduced, and therefore the problem of heating caused by the direct clearance fit relation between the machine needle and the guide sleeve in the prior art is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of oral medical equipment, and in particular to a molar positioning guide device. Background Art

[0002] In the field of dental treatment and correction technology, dental guides made by digital methods such as scanning the patient's dentition and using 3D printing technology have been put into use. Specifically, taking molar correction surgery as an example, after scanning the patient's dentition and making a matching dental guide, holes are drilled at the corresponding positions of the guide according to the locations of the teeth to be ground, forming through holes for the molar needle to enter, thereby playing a positioning role.

[0003] In the prior art, considering that 3D printed materials are easily damaged by molar needles, it is difficult to guide and limit the needles with only through holes. Therefore, there are a series of molar positioning and guiding devices with guide sleeves set in through holes. Usually, a metal guide sleeve is set in the through hole of the guide plate. The needle can enter the guide sleeve in a coaxial relationship and rotate with the sleeve center axis as the rotation axis, so that the tooth body at the lower opening position of the sleeve can be polished through its high-speed rotating lower end. In this process, the guide sleeve constrains the horizontal displacement of the needle and keeps the orientation and positioning of the needle accurate. At the same time, the height setting of the guide sleeve can cooperate with the needle to form a limit function to limit the depth of the needle grinding downward.

[0004] However, in the above technology, in order to enable the needle to rotate and move up and down in the guide sleeve, there must be a clearance fit relationship between the guide sleeve and the needle, and specifically, it is a direct clearance fit between the static component (guide sleeve) and the high-speed dynamic component (needle). In this kind of fit, during actual use, since the driving component of the needle is hand-held by medical personnel, slight movements of the hand will cause the needle to inevitably press against and squeeze the inner wall of the guide sleeve. Due to the fit clearance between the guide sleeve and the needle, the high-speed rotating needle side surface will produce a rapid collision after contacting the inner wall of the guide cylinder and rebound on the inner wall of the sleeve on the other side, thereby forming a very small but high-frequency continuous micro-impact to generate heat. In addition, the frictional heat between the metal sleeve and the needle, and the frictional heat generated between the needle and the tooth during the grinding process, will make the needle heating problem in this technology more obvious. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the heating problem caused by the direct clearance fit relationship between the needle and the guide sleeve in the prior art, and provide a molar positioning guide device, comprising:

[0006] A guide plate and a guide sleeve for guiding a dental needle, the guide plate matches the human dentition so as to be fixed on the human dentition, a through hole is provided on the guide plate, the guide sleeve is vertically embedded in the through hole, and the upper and lower ends of the guide sleeve are opened for the dental needle to extend into;

[0007] The bearing comprises an inner ring body and an outer ring body, wherein the outer ring body is movably sleeved on the outer side of the inner ring body, and the needle is fixedly sleeved on the inner side of the inner ring body;

[0008] A limit block, fixedly connected to the horizontal side surface of the outer ring body;

[0009] A vertical limit groove is provided on the inner side of the guide sleeve, the upper end of the limit groove is open, the limit block is slidably connected in the limit groove along the vertical direction, and a first connecting port is provided on the side wall of the guide sleeve, the first connecting port is located above the guide plate to connect the inside of the guide sleeve with the outside world.

[0010] Furthermore, a second communication port is provided on the side of the guide sleeve, and the height of the second communication port is lower than the height of the upper surface of the guide plate;

[0011] A first channel is provided inside the guide plate, one end of the first channel opens at the upper surface of the guide plate, and the other end of the first channel is connected to the second communication port.

[0012] Furthermore, the opening of the first channel on the upper surface of the guide plate is funnel-shaped.

[0013] Furthermore, a third communication port is provided on the side of the guide sleeve, and the height of the third communication port is lower than that of the second communication port;

[0014] A second channel is provided inside the guide plate, one end of the second channel opens at the side surface of the guide plate and is lower than the opening of the first channel at the upper surface of the guide plate, and the other end of the second channel is connected to the third connecting port.

[0015] Furthermore, there are a plurality of first communicating ports, and the plurality of first communicating ports are evenly arranged around the circumference of the guide sleeve.

[0016] Furthermore, it also includes a rolling member, which is arranged on the limit block or the limit groove, and is located between the limit block and the limit groove, so that when the limit block slides in the limit groove, there is a rolling friction relationship between the two.

[0017] Furthermore, the limit block is a block having a first side surface perpendicular to the radial direction of the bearing, and the first side surface faces the inner wall of the limit groove, a ball socket is provided on the first side surface, and the rolling element includes a ball, and the ball is arranged in the ball socket.

[0018] Furthermore, the limit block has two opposite second side surfaces on the circumferential direction of the bearing, the second side surfaces face the inner wall of the limit groove, an elastic layer is connected to the second side surfaces, and there is an interference fit relationship between the elastic layer and the inner wall of the limit groove facing the second side surfaces.

[0019] Furthermore, the elastic layer and the inner side wall of the limiting groove facing the elastic layer are both covered and connected with a sliding layer.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: there is no direct matching relationship between the high-speed rotating dental needle and the guide sleeve, there is sufficient space between the outer side of the dental needle and the guide sleeve, and because the bearing sleeve is arranged on the outside of the dental needle, the dental needle will not collide or rub with the guide sleeve. Different from the prior art, the dental needle and the guide sleeve in the present device are matched through a bearing, and the matching between the inner ring body and the outer ring body in the bearing is used to replace the matching between the dental needle and the guide sleeve. Due to the characteristics of the bearing structure, the friction and collision heat generated between the inner and outer ring bodies are significantly reduced compared with the prior art, thereby overcoming the heating problem caused by the direct clearance matching relationship between the needle and the guide sleeve in the prior art. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of one embodiment when in use;

[0022] Figure 2 A schematic three-dimensional cross-sectional diagram of the main structure of one embodiment;

[0023] Figure 3 A schematic top view of the main structure of one embodiment;

[0024] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a front cross-sectional view of a detailed structure of one embodiment;

[0025] Figure 5 The figure is a top view cross-sectional schematic diagram of the detailed structure of one embodiment.

[0026] Description of reference numerals:

[0027] 1. Guide plate; 11. First channel; 12. Second channel; 2. Guide sleeve; 21. First connecting port; 22. Second connecting port; 23. Third connecting port; 24. Limiting groove; 3. Dental needle; 4. Bearing; 41. Inner ring body; 42. Outer ring body; 5. Limiting block; 51. First side surface; 52. Second side surface; 6. Rolling element; 71. Elastic layer; 72. Sliding layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The specific implementation of the present invention is described in detail below, but it should be understood that the protection scope of the present invention is not limited by the specific implementation. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] The present invention provides a molar positioning and guiding device, comprising: a guide plate 1, a dental needle 3, a guide sleeve 2, a bearing 4, a limit block 5, etc., wherein the guide plate 1 and the guide sleeve 2 for guiding the dental needle 3, the guide plate 1 matches the human dentition so that it can be fixed on the human dentition, the guide plate 1 is provided with a through hole, the guide sleeve 2 is vertically embedded in the through hole, and the upper and lower ends of the guide sleeve 2 are opened for the dental needle 3 to extend into; the bearing 4 has an inner ring body 41 and an outer ring body 42 The outer ring body 42 is movably sleeved on the outside of the inner ring body 41, and the needle is fixedly sleeved inside the inner ring body 41; the limit block 5 is fixedly connected to the horizontal side of the outer ring body 42; a vertical limit groove 24 is opened on the inner side of the guide sleeve 2, and the upper end of the limit groove 24 is open. The limit block 5 is slidably connected in the limit groove 24 along the vertical direction, and a first connecting port 21 is opened on the side wall of the guide sleeve 2. The first connecting port 21 is located above the guide plate 1 to connect the inside of the guide sleeve 2 with the outside.

[0030] Specifically, please refer to Figures 1 to 5 , the guide plate 1 with the guide sleeve 2 is fixed to the corresponding tooth row, and as the lower end of the dental needle 3 is inserted into the interior of the guide sleeve 2, the outer ring body 42 of the bearing 4 is adjusted to align the limit block 5 with the limit groove 24, and then the bearing 4 enters the guide sleeve 2 along with the dental needle 3, and the external driving device of the dental needle 3 is started to make the dental needle 3 start to rotate. The medical staff controls the dental needle 3 to press against the tooth body under the guide sleeve 2 to start grinding the tooth body. When the predetermined grinding depth is reached, the limit block 5 reaches the lower end of the limit groove 24, thereby limiting the bearing 4 from moving further downward. Movement, thereby limiting the downward grinding depth of the dental needle 3 fixedly connected to the inner ring body 41 of the bearing 4, thereby completing the tooth grinding. After the above settings are performed, although the corresponding technical effects are achieved, the bearing 4 will close the guide sleeve 2 to a certain extent, and cooling water cannot enter from the upper end of the guide sleeve 2. In order to provide the necessary water cooling means for the friction between the dental needle 3 and the tooth, a first connecting port 21 is provided on the side wall of the guide sleeve 2, so that cooling water can enter the guide sleeve 2 from the first connecting port 21 to cool the friction between the dental needle 3 and the tooth.

[0031] In the above process, there is no direct matching relationship between the high-speed rotating dental needle 3 and the guide sleeve 2, and there is enough space between the outer side of the dental needle 3 and the guide sleeve 2. Since the bearing 4 is sleeved on the outer side of the dental needle 3, the dental needle 3 will not collide with or rub against the guide sleeve 2. More specifically, unlike the prior art, the dental needle 3 and the guide sleeve 2 in the present device are matched through the bearing 4. The direct matching of the static component (guide sleeve 2) and the high-speed moving component (dental needle 3) in the prior art is transformed into: matching of the static component (guide sleeve 2) and the static component (outer ring body 42), matching of the static component (outer ring body 42) and the dynamic component (inner ring body 41) in the bearing 4 structure, and matching of the static component (inner ring body 41) and the static component (dental needle 3). That is, the fit between the inner ring body 41 and the outer ring body 42 in the bearing 4 is used to replace the fit between the dental needle 3 and the guide sleeve 2. Due to the characteristics of the bearing structure, the heat generated by the friction and collision between the inner and outer ring bodies is significantly reduced compared with the prior art, thereby overcoming the heat generation problem caused by the direct clearance fit relationship between the needle and the guide sleeve in the prior art.

[0032] Furthermore, since the lower part of the guide sleeve 2 is buried inside the guide plate 1, in this arrangement, the heat generated by vibration and friction will gradually be transferred and accumulated in the lower part of the guide sleeve 2 as it is used, thereby having a negative impact on the connection between the guide sleeve 2 and the guide plate 1, and the cooling water entering the guide sleeve 2 from the first connecting port 21 cannot well conduct away the heat between the guide sleeve 2 and the guide plate 1, so in particular, a second connecting port 22 is also opened on the side of the guide sleeve 2, and the height of the second connecting port 22 is lower than the height of the upper surface of the guide plate 1; a first channel 11 is opened inside the guide plate 1, one end of the first channel 11 opens at the upper surface of the guide plate 1, and the other end of the first channel 11 is connected to the second connecting port 22. The cooling water can enter the guide plate 1 from the first channel 11, and the contact with the internal structure of the guide plate 1 can cool the guide plate 1 at the same time, and then enter the second connecting port 22 to cool the lower part of the guide sleeve 22 and the connection between it and the guide plate 1.

[0033] Furthermore, the opening of the first channel 11 on the upper surface of the guide plate 1 is funnel-shaped, which can facilitate the entry of cooling water.

[0034] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned characteristic conditions of the embodiment, after the cooling water enters the guide sleeve 2, it can only gradually overflow from the first connecting port 21 and the first channel 11, which will cause unfavorable heat exchange of the newly added cooling water. In order to solve this technical problem, a third connecting port 23 is also opened on the side of the guide sleeve 2, and the height of the third connecting port 23 is lower than the second connecting port 22; a second channel 12 is opened inside the guide plate 1, one end of the second channel 12 opens at the side surface of the guide plate 1 and the height is lower than the opening of the first channel 11 at the upper surface of the guide plate 1, and the other end of the second channel 12 is connected to the third connecting port 23.

[0035] Furthermore, there are a plurality of first communication openings 21 , and the plurality of first communication openings 21 are evenly arranged around the circumference of the guide sleeve 2 .

[0036] Furthermore, in order to reduce the friction between the limit block 5 and the guide sleeve 2 and further reduce heat generation, a rolling member 6 is also included. The rolling member 6 is arranged on the limit block 5 or the limit groove 24. The rolling member 6 is located between the limit block 5 and the limit groove 24, so that when the limit block 5 slides in the limit groove 24, there is a rolling friction relationship between the two.

[0037] Furthermore, the limit block 5 is a block having a first side surface 51 perpendicular to the radial direction of the bearing 4, and the first side surface 51 faces the inner wall of the limit groove 24, a ball socket is opened on the first side surface 51, and the rolling element 6 includes a ball, and the ball is arranged in the ball socket.

[0038] Furthermore, the vibration generated during the rotation of the needle will be transmitted to the limit block 5. In order to reduce this tiny vibration, the limit block 5 has two opposite second side surfaces 52 in the circumferential direction of the bearing 4. The second side surfaces 52 face the inner wall of the limit groove 24. An elastic layer 71 is connected to the second side surface 52. There is an interference fit relationship between the elastic layer 71 and the inner wall of the limit groove 24 facing the second side surface 52.

[0039] Furthermore, when the needle rotates, it drives the inner ring body 41 to rotate. The rotation of the inner ring body 41 will apply a certain torque to the outer ring body 42, and additional pressure will be generated on the second side 52. In addition, due to the setting of the elastic layer, the sliding friction between the second side and the limiting groove 24 is increased. In order to solve this technical problem, the elastic layer 71 and the inner wall of the limiting groove 24 facing the elastic layer 71 are covered with a sliding layer 72, and the sliding layer can be made of paraffin material.

[0040] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A molar positioning guide device, comprising a guide plate (1) and a guide sleeve (2) for guiding a dental needle (3), wherein the guide plate (1) matches the human dentition and can be fixed on the human dentition, the guide plate (1) is provided with a through hole, the guide sleeve (2) is vertically embedded in the through hole, and the guide sleeve (2) has openings at both ends to allow the dental needle (3) to extend therein. It is characterized in that Also includes: The bearing (4) comprises an inner ring body (41) and an outer ring body (42), wherein the outer ring body (42) is movably sleeved on the outer side of the inner ring body (41), and the dental needle (3) is fixedly sleeved inside the inner ring body (41); A limit block (5) fixedly connected to the outer surface of the outer ring body (42); A vertical limiting groove (24) is provided on the inner side surface of the guide sleeve (2), the upper end of the limiting groove (24) is open, the limiting block (5) is slidably connected in the limiting groove (24) along the vertical direction, and a first connecting port (21) is provided on the side wall of the guide sleeve (2), the first connecting port (21) is located above the guide plate (1) to connect the inside of the guide sleeve (2) with the outside.

2. A molar positioning guide device as claimed in claim 1, It is characterized in that The side surface of the guide sleeve (2) is also provided with a second communication opening (22), and the height of the second communication opening (22) is lower than the height of the upper surface of the guide plate (1); A first channel (11) is provided inside the guide plate (1), one end of the first channel (11) opens at the upper surface of the guide plate (1), and the other end of the first channel (11) is connected to the second communication port (22).

3. A molar positioning guide device as claimed in claim 2, It is characterized in that The opening of the first channel (11) on the upper surface of the guide plate (1) is funnel-shaped.

4. A molar positioning guide device as claimed in claim 3, It is characterized in that A third communication opening (23) is also provided on the side surface of the guide sleeve (2), and the height of the third communication opening (23) is lower than that of the second communication opening (22); A second channel (12) is provided inside the guide plate (1), one end of the second channel (12) opens at the side surface of the guide plate (1) and is lower in height than the opening of the first channel (11) at the upper surface of the guide plate (1), and the other end of the second channel (12) is connected to a third connecting port (23).

5. A molar positioning guide device as claimed in claim 4, It is characterized in that There are a plurality of first communication ports (21), and the plurality of first communication ports (21) are evenly arranged around the circumference of the guide sleeve (2).

6. A molar positioning guide device as claimed in claim 1, It is characterized in that The invention also comprises a rolling member (6), wherein the rolling member (6) is arranged on the limit block (5) or the limit groove (24), and the rolling member (6) is located between the limit block (5) and the limit groove (24), so that when the limit block (5) slides in the limit groove (24), a rolling friction relationship is formed between the two.

7. A molar positioning guide device as claimed in claim 6, It is characterized in that The limit block (5) is a block having a first side surface (51) perpendicular to the radial direction of the bearing (4), and the first side surface (51) faces the inner wall of the limit groove (24), a ball socket is provided on the first side surface (51), and the rolling element (6) includes a ball, and the ball is arranged in the ball socket.

8. A molar positioning guide device as claimed in claim 7, It is characterized in that The limiting block (5) has two opposite second side surfaces (52) in the circumferential direction of the bearing (4), the second side surfaces (52) facing the inner side wall of the limiting groove (24), an elastic layer (71) being connected to the second side surface (52), and an interference fit relationship being formed between the elastic layer (71) and the inner side wall of the limiting groove (24) facing the second side surface (52).

9. A molar positioning guide device as claimed in claim 8, It is characterized in that The elastic layer (71) and the inner side wall of the limiting groove (24) facing the elastic layer (71) are both covered and connected with a sliding layer (72).

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