Pre-sample crushing device for soil pollution detection

Abstract

This invention discloses a soil sample pre-crushing treatment device for soil pollution detection, relating to the field of soil sample crushing technology. It includes: a mounting frame; a crushing chamber rotatably mounted on the mounting frame; a stirring and crushing device rotatably mounted inside the crushing chamber; a grinding frame rotatably mounted inside the crushing chamber and grinding the soil sample during rotation; and multiple locking components arranged in a circular array on the inner surface of the grinding frame. This invention uses the stirring and crushing device to crush the soil sample through rotation. Simultaneously, after crushing, it drives the grinding frame, a filter device, and the filter to rotate, adjusting the sample drop direction in the crushing chamber and adjusting the filtration fineness. This allows the filter to filter out easily ground soil clumps during crushing and to filter out finely ground soil samples that meet the requirements during grinding.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of soil sample crushing, and in particular to a soil sample pre-crushing processing device for soil pollution detection. Background Art

[0002] Environmental testing is the process of sampling various samples in the environment and then testing them to obtain the test results and find out the problems in the environment. In today's society, soil sample crushing devices are used in agricultural research, soil analysis, geological exploration, highway construction, environmental protection and other units. They can crush various soils and are irreplaceable supporting equipment for soil inspection and analysis.

[0003] Existing soil crushing devices usually only knock on the soil to achieve crushing, and this type of crushing is not easy to be knocked when the soil is broken into smaller pieces, which results in a large number of pieces of soil inside the crushed soil, which has a certain impact on soil pollution detection.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to invent a soil sample pre-crushing processing device for soil pollution detection to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a soil sample pre-crushing processing device for soil pollution detection, so as to solve the problem mentioned in the above background technology that there are a large number of soil blocks inside the soil, which have a certain impact on soil pollution detection.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a soil sample pre-crushing processing device for soil pollution detection, comprising:

[0007] Mounting frame;

[0008] A crushing box body, wherein the crushing box body is rotatably mounted on a mounting frame;

[0009] A stirring and crushing device, wherein the stirring and crushing device is rotatably installed inside the crushing box;

[0010] A grinding frame, which is rotatably mounted inside the crushing box and grinds the soil sample while rotating;

[0011] A clamping member, wherein a plurality of the clamping members are provided and fixed on the inner surface of the grinding frame in an annular array;

[0012] A blocking member, which is slidably mounted on the positioning member and contacts the stirring and crushing device, and enables the stirring and crushing device to drive the grinding frame to rotate through the positioning member;

[0013] A filter device, which is installed at the bottom of the blocking member and the grinding frame, and adjusts the fineness of the filtering device when the blocking member and the grinding frame rotate relative to each other;

[0014] The rotating guide assembly is fixed at the bottom of the filtering device and drives the crushing box to rotate when rotating.

[0015] Optionally, the mounting frame includes:

[0016] Base;

[0017] A U-shaped frame fixed to the top of the base;

[0018] A circular ring, which is fixed on the top of the base and cross-arranged with the U-shaped frame;

[0019] A guide groove, which is formed on the inner surface of the ring and guides the rotation of the rotation guide assembly;

[0020] Gear teeth, wherein a plurality of gear teeth are provided and fixed on the inner wall of the guide groove in an annular array.

[0021] Optionally, the crushing box includes:

[0022] A box body, wherein the box body is arranged at the center of the ring;

[0023] Rotating columns, two of which are provided and fixed on the outside of the box body and rotatably connected to the U-shaped frame;

[0024] A first coil spring, wherein two ends of the first coil spring are respectively fixedly connected to the rotating column and the U-shaped frame.

[0025] Optionally, the crushing box further comprises:

[0026] An outer grinding ring, wherein the outer grinding ring is fixed inside the box body;

[0027] A plug-in slot, which is provided on the inner wall of the outer grinding ring and the box body;

[0028] A guide hopper is fixed on the top of the box body and is used to put in or discharge the sample soil.

[0029] Optionally, the stirring and crushing device comprises:

[0030] A motor, wherein the motor is mounted on the top of the box body;

[0031] A main shaft, which is mounted on the output end of the motor and extends into the interior of the box body;

[0032] An articulated frame, wherein a plurality of the articulated frames are provided and fixed on the outside of the main shaft in a circular array;

[0033] A crushing arm, wherein the crushing arm is hinged on the hinged frame;

[0034] a second coil spring, wherein two ends of the second coil spring are respectively fixedly connected to the crushing arm and the articulated frame;

[0035] A striking head is fixed to an end of the crushing arm away from the articulated frame.

[0036] Optionally, the grinding frame comprises:

[0037] A grinding ring, which is arranged concentrically with the outer grinding ring and grinds the soil sample when rotating;

[0038] A receiving plate, wherein a plurality of receiving plates are provided and fixed to the bottom of the grinding ring in an annular array;

[0039] A rotating ring is fixed on the outside of the receiving plate and is rotatably installed inside the plug-in slot.

[0040] Optionally, the positioning member includes:

[0041] A first L-shaped plate, wherein a plurality of the first L-shaped plates are provided and fixed on the inner surface of the grinding ring in an annular array;

[0042] The limiting groove is arranged on the front side of the first L-shaped plate in the clockwise direction, and the height of the limiting groove is greater than the thickness of the crushing arm.

[0043] Optionally, the blocking member includes:

[0044] A limiting plate, wherein a plurality of limiting plates are provided and fixed on the inner surface of the grinding ring in an annular array;

[0045] A second L-shaped plate, which is arranged on the outside of the first L-shaped plate and inserted into the limiting groove to release from the crushing arm;

[0046] A compression spring, wherein two ends of the compression spring are respectively fixedly connected to the second L-shaped plate and the limiting plate.

[0047] Optionally, the filtering device comprises:

[0048] an inner filter plate, the inner filter plate being fixed to the bottom of the second L-shaped plate;

[0049] The outer filter plate is fixed at the bottom of the grinding ring and contacts the inner filter plate, so that the filtering fineness of the filter hole can be adjusted when the inner filter plate and the outer filter plate rotate relative to each other.

[0050] Optionally, the rotation guide assembly includes:

[0051] A rotating shaft, which is fixed at the bottom of the outer filter plate and extends to the outside of the box body;

[0052] The gear is fixed on the end of the rotating shaft and bonded with the gear teeth to slide along the guide groove.

[0053] Technical effects and advantages of the present invention:

[0054] 1. The present invention uses the stirring and crushing device to crush the sample soil through rotation. After the crushing is completed, the grinding frame, the filtering device and the filtering device are driven to rotate, the sample falling direction of the crushing box is adjusted, and the filtering device adjusts the filtering fineness, so that the filtering device can filter out soil blocks that are easy to grind during crushing, and filter out fine sample soil that meets the requirements during grinding.

[0055] 2. The present invention can filter the soil samples crushed to a suitable size through the setting of the filtering device, and adjust the filtering fineness after the crushing box rotates, and throw the soil samples that do not meet the fineness requirements to the outside for grinding under the action of the inclined surface and centrifugal force to ensure the fineness of the soil samples and facilitate the detection and processing of the soil samples.

[0056] 3. The present invention grinds the sample soil by the cooperation of the grinding ring and the outer grinding ring during rotation, and finely grinds the initially crushed sample soil to avoid residual soil blocks in the sample soil affecting subsequent detection;

[0057] 4. The present invention guides the sliding of the blocking member through the setting of the limiting groove and limits the sliding range of the blocking member. At the same time, when the crushing arm rotates, it is stuck in the inside of the limiting groove and is restricted, so that the crushing arm will not be affected by the rotating centrifugal force, avoiding the crushing arm from swinging and being retracted, and at the same time, the crushing arm can drive the first L-shaped plate to rotate.

[0058] 5. The present invention adjusts the fineness of filtration by the filter device by setting the second L-shaped plate to move under the push of the crushing arm, so that the second L-shaped plate drives the filter device to rotate and adjust the size of the filter hole when rotating. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0059] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0060] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the stirring and crushing device of the present invention;

[0061] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the outer grinding ring of the present invention;

[0062] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the grinding frame of the present invention;

[0063] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure enlargement in the middle;

[0064] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the clamping member of the present invention;

[0065] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the plug slot structure of the present invention;

[0066] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the first coil spring structure of the present invention;

[0067] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the second coil spring structure of the present invention.

[0068] In the figure: 100, mounting frame; 110, base; 120, U-shaped frame; 130, ring; 140, guide groove; 150, gear teeth;

[0069] 200, crushing box; 210, box body; 220, rotating column; 230, first coil spring; 240, outer grinding ring; 250, plug-in slot; 260, guide hopper;

[0070] 300, stirring and crushing device; 310, motor; 320, main shaft; 330, articulated frame; 340, crushing arm; 350, second coil spring; 360, striking head;

[0071] 400, grinding frame; 410, grinding ring; 420, receiving plate; 430, rotating ring;

[0072] 500, a positioning member; 510, a first L-shaped plate; 520, a limiting groove;

[0073] 600, blocking member; 610, limiting plate; 620, second L-shaped plate; 630, compression spring;

[0074] 700, filtering device; 710, inner filter plate; 720, outer filter plate;

[0075] 800, a rotation guide assembly; 810, a rotating shaft; 820, a gear. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0076] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0077] The present invention provides Figure 1-9 A soil sample crushing and processing device for soil pollution detection shown in the figure comprises:

[0078] Mounting frame 100;

[0079] A crushing box 200, wherein the crushing box 200 is rotatably mounted on the mounting frame 100;

[0080] A stirring and crushing device 300, wherein the stirring and crushing device 300 is rotatably installed inside the crushing box 200;

[0081] A grinding frame 400, which is rotatably mounted inside the grinding box 200 and grinds the soil sample while rotating;

[0082] A retaining member 500, wherein a plurality of retaining members 500 are provided and fixed on the inner surface of the grinding frame 400 in an annular array;

[0083] The blocking member 600 is slidably mounted on the positioning member 500 and contacts the stirring and breaking device 300, so that the stirring and breaking device 300 drives the grinding frame 400 to rotate through the positioning member 500;

[0084] A filter device 700, which is installed at the bottom of the blocking member 600 and the grinding frame 400, and adjusts the fineness of the filtering device 700 when the blocking member 600 and the grinding frame 400 rotate relative to each other;

[0085] The rotation guide assembly 800 is fixed to the bottom of the filter device 700 and drives the crushing box 200 to rotate when rotating.

[0086] The stirring and crushing device 300 is set to crush the sample soil by rotating, and after the crushing is completed, the grinding frame 400, the filter device 700 and the filter device 700 are driven to rotate, the sample falling direction of the crushing box 200 is adjusted, and the filter device 700 adjusts the fineness of the filtration, so that the filter device 700 can filter out the soil blocks that are convenient for grinding and crushing during the crushing, and filter out the fine sample soil that meets the requirements during the grinding;

[0087] Among them, through the setting of the filtering device 700, the soil sample crushed to a suitable size can be filtered, and the filtering fineness can be adjusted after the crushing box 200 rotates, and the soil sample that does not meet the fineness requirements can be thrown to the outside for grinding under the action of the inclined surface and centrifugal force to ensure the fineness of the soil sample and facilitate the detection and processing of the soil sample.

[0088] In some embodiments of the present invention, the mounting frame 100 comprises:

[0089] Base 110;

[0090] A U-shaped frame 120, wherein the U-shaped frame 120 is fixed on the top of the base 110;

[0091] A circular ring 130, wherein the circular ring 130 is fixed on the top of the base 110 and is arranged crosswise with the U-shaped frame 120;

[0092] A guide groove 140, which is formed on the inner surface of the ring 130 and guides the rotation of the rotation guide assembly 800;

[0093] The gear teeth 150 are provided in plurality and fixed on the inner wall of the guide groove 140 in an annular array.

[0094] The base 110 is provided to ensure the stability of the crushing device when placed;

[0095] The U-shaped frame 120 is provided to ensure the normal installation of the crushing box 200 and to support the crushing box 200;

[0096] The matching arrangement of the ring 130 and the guide groove 140 guides the rotation of the crushing box 200, thereby preventing the crushing box 200 from deviating during rotation.

[0097] In some embodiments of the present invention, the crushing box 200 includes:

[0098] The box body 210 is disposed at the center of the ring 130;

[0099] The rotating columns 220 are provided with two and fixed to the outside of the box body 210 and rotatably connected to the U-shaped frame 120;

[0100] The first coil spring 230 has two ends fixedly connected to the rotating column 220 and the U-shaped frame 120 respectively.

[0101] The box body 210 is configured to store the sample soil, which facilitates the crushing of the sample soil;

[0102] Among them, the normal installation of the box body 210 is ensured by the setting of the rotating column 220 and the first coil spring 230, and the rotation center of the box body 210 is limited. At the same time, when the box body 210 rotates, the first coil spring 230 is driven to rotate and accumulate force, and the box body 210 is driven to reset after the rotational force on the box body 210 disappears.

[0103] In some embodiments of the present invention, the crushing box 200 further includes:

[0104] An outer grinding ring 240, wherein the outer grinding ring 240 is fixed inside the box body 210;

[0105] The plug-in slot 250 is provided on the inner wall of the outer grinding ring 240 and the box body 210;

[0106] The guide hopper 260 is fixed on the top of the box body 210 and is used to put in or discharge the sample soil.

[0107] The installation of the grinding frame 400 is supported by the setting of the plug-in slot 250, the height of the grinding frame 400 is ensured, and the rotation of the grinding frame 400 is guided. At the same time, the box body 210 is divided into two parts, the upper and lower parts, at the plug-in slot 250;

[0108] The material guide hopper 260 is arranged to maintain a feeding state when the box body 210 is vertical, and to be in a discharging state when the box body 210 rotates 180°.

[0109] In some embodiments of the present invention, the stirring and breaking device 300 comprises:

[0110] A motor 310, wherein the motor 310 is installed on the top of the box body 210;

[0111] A main shaft 320, which is installed at the output end of the motor 310 and extends into the interior of the box body 210;

[0112] An articulated frame 330, wherein a plurality of the articulated frames 330 are provided and fixed on the outside of the main shaft 320 in a circular array;

[0113] A crushing arm 340, wherein the crushing arm 340 is hinged on the hinge frame 330;

[0114] A second coil spring 350, two ends of which are fixedly connected to the crushing arm 340 and the articulated frame 330 respectively;

[0115] The striking head 360 is fixed to one end of the crushing arm 340 away from the articulated frame 330 .

[0116] The motor 310 and the main shaft 320 are used to drive the crushing arm 340 and the striking head 360 to rotate, so that the crushing arm 340 and the striking head 360 strike and crush the soil sample during rotation, and initially crush the soil sample to facilitate subsequent grinding of the soil sample.

[0117] The normal installation of the crushing arm 340 is ensured by the setting of the articulated frame 330, and the crushing arm 340 rotates by centrifugal force during rotation;

[0118] The second coil spring 350 is provided to store force when the crushing arm 340 swings, and at the same time drives the crushing arm 340 to retract when the main shaft 320 stops rotating.

[0119] In some embodiments of the present invention, the grinding frame 400 includes:

[0120] A grinding ring 410, which is arranged concentrically with the outer grinding ring 240 and grinds the soil sample when rotating;

[0121] A receiving plate 420, wherein a plurality of receiving plates 420 are provided and fixed to the bottom of the grinding ring 410 in an annular array;

[0122] The rotating ring 430 is fixed to the outside of the receiving plate 420 and is rotatably installed inside the inserting groove 250 .

[0123] The grinding ring 410 and the outer grinding ring 240 are matched to grind the sample soil during rotation, and the initially crushed sample soil is finely ground to avoid residual soil blocks in the sample soil that affect subsequent detection;

[0124] The receiving plate 420 and the rotating ring 430 are provided to support the grinding ring 410 and guide the rotation of the grinding ring 410 to prevent the grinding ring 410 from shaking during rotation, which would cause the grinding space between the grinding ring 410 and the outer grinding ring 240 to change.

[0125] In some embodiments of the present invention, the positioning member 500 includes:

[0126] A first L-shaped plate 510, wherein a plurality of the first L-shaped plates 510 are provided and fixed on the inner surface of the grinding ring 410 in an annular array;

[0127] The limiting groove 520 is opened on the front side of the first L-shaped plate 510 in the clockwise direction, and the height of the limiting groove 520 is greater than the thickness of the crushing arm 340 .

[0128] The first L-shaped plate 510 is provided to block the crushing arm 340 and the striking head 360, so that the crushing arm 340 and the striking head 360 can push the grinding ring 410 to rotate synchronously through the first L-shaped plate 510 during rotation, so that the grinding ring 410 can rotate normally for grinding;

[0129] Among them, the setting of the limiting groove 520 guides the sliding of the blocking member 600 and limits the sliding range of the blocking member 600. At the same time, when the crushing arm 340 rotates, it is stuck in the inside of the limiting groove 520 and is restricted, so that the crushing arm 340 will not be affected by the rotating centrifugal force, avoiding the crushing arm 340 from swinging and being retracted, and at the same time, the crushing arm 340 can drive the first L-shaped plate 510 to rotate.

[0130] In some embodiments of the present invention, the blocking member 600 comprises:

[0131] A limiting plate 610, wherein a plurality of limiting plates 610 are provided and fixed on the inner surface of the grinding ring 410 in an annular array;

[0132] A second L-shaped plate 620, which is disposed on the outside of the first L-shaped plate 510 and is inserted into the limiting groove 520 to release the crushing arm 340;

[0133] The compression spring 630 has two ends fixedly connected to the second L-shaped plate 620 and the limiting plate 610 respectively.

[0134] The second L-shaped plate 620 and the compression spring 630 are blocked by the setting of the limiting plate 610, so that the second L-shaped plate 620 can normally squeeze the compression spring 630 when sliding, so that the compression spring 630 is compressed and stored;

[0135] The second L-shaped plate 620 is moved under the push of the crushing arm 340, so that the second L-shaped plate 620 drives the filter device 700 to rotate and adjust the size of the filter hole to adjust the fineness of the filtration of the filter device 700;

[0136] The compression spring 630 is arranged to compress and store force when the second L-shaped plate 620 slides under pressure, and pushes the second L-shaped plate 620 and the filter device 700 to reset after the rotational force of the crushing arm 340 disappears, and pushes the crushing arm 340 out of the limiting groove 520.

[0137] In some embodiments of the present invention, the filtering device 700 comprises:

[0138] An inner filter plate 710, wherein the inner filter plate 710 is fixed to the bottom of the second L-shaped plate 620;

[0139] The outer filter plate 720 is fixed to the bottom of the grinding ring 410 and contacts the inner filter plate 710 , so as to adjust the filtering fineness of the filter holes when the inner filter plate 710 and the outer filter plate 720 rotate relative to each other.

[0140] The sample soil is filtered by overlapping the inner filter plate 710 and the outer filter plate 720, and the sample soil that meets the grinding requirements can be filtered out before the inner filter plate 710 rotates, and when the inner filter plate 710 and the outer filter plate 720 rotate relative to each other and grind, the sample soil that meets the requirements is filtered and processed, and the sample soil that does not meet the requirements is transported to the gap between the grinding ring 410 and the outer grinding ring 240 for grinding;

[0141] The inner filter plate 710 and the outer filter plate 720 are made of a hard structure (such as metal, wood, etc.), so that the inner filter plate 710 and the outer filter plate 720 can drive the rotating guide assembly 800 to rotate.

[0142] In some embodiments of the present invention, the rotation guide assembly 800 includes:

[0143] A rotating shaft 810, wherein the rotating shaft 810 is fixed to the bottom of the outer filter plate 720 and extends to the outside of the box body 210;

[0144] The gear 820 is fixed to the end of the rotating shaft 810 and bonded to the gear teeth 150 to slide along the guide groove 140 .

[0145] The setting of the rotating shaft 810 can drive the gear 820 to rotate when the outer filter plate 720 rotates, so that the gear 820 rotates synchronously with the rotating shaft 810;

[0146] The gear 820 and the gear teeth 150 are matched to drive the box body 210 to rotate synchronously when the gear 820 rotates, so that the box body 210 can rotate 180°. At the same time, after the box body 210 rotates 180°, the gear 820 and the gear teeth 150 are disengaged from the meshing, and the box body 210 is shaken back and forth with the cooperation of the first coil spring 230 to increase the blanking speed.

[0147] When the box body 210 is driven to rotate, the rotation speed of the main shaft 320 can be reduced to provide time for the unfiltered soil sample to be discharged.

[0148] Working method of the present invention:

[0149] When in use, the sample soil is placed into the interior of the box body 210 through the guide hopper 260, and then the motor 310 is started, so that the motor 310 drives the crushing arm 340 and the knocking head 360 to rotate through the main shaft 320, so that the crushing arm 340 and the knocking head 360 knock and crush the sample soil, and the crushed sample soil will be filtered through the inner filter plate 710 and the outer filter plate 720, and fall to the bottom of the inner filter plate 710 and the outer filter plate 720. As the sample soil is filtered, the rotation speed of the main shaft 320 will increase, causing the crushing arm 340 to rotate and open, and drive the second coil spring 350 to store power, and The crushing arm 340 and the knocking head 360 are made to correspond to the first L-shaped plate 510, and the second L-shaped plate 620 is pushed to slide, so that the second L-shaped plate 620 slides and squeezes the compression spring 630, so that the compression spring 630 is compressed and stored, and the crushing arm 340 is inserted into the inner part of the limiting groove 520, so that the crushing arm 340 drives the grinding ring 410 to rotate through the first L-shaped plate 510, and at the same time, the second L-shaped plate 620 drives the inner filter plate 710 to rotate when sliding, so that the inner filter plate 710 rotates relative to the outer filter plate 720, so that the filtering fineness of the inner filter plate 710 and the outer filter plate 720 is improved;

[0150] The inner filter plate 710 and the outer filter plate 720 drive the rotating shaft 810 and the gear 820 to rotate, so that the gear 820 slides along the guide groove 140 during rotation, and drives the box body 210 to rotate 180 degrees, and drives the second coil spring 350 to store force, so that the sample soil falls downward onto the inner filter plate 710 and the outer filter plate 720, and the sample soil that meets the requirements is directly brought over, and the sample soil that does not meet the requirements is guided to between the grinding ring 410 and the outer grinding ring 240, and the sample soil is ground under the action of the rotation of the grinding ring 410, and discharged through the guide hopper 260;

[0151] After the crushing is completed, the motor 310 is turned off to release the elastic force of the compression spring 630 (the elastic force of the compression spring 630 is smaller than the friction force between the grinding frame 400 and the inner wall of the guide groove 140), and the crushing arm 340 is pushed out of the limiting groove 520, so that the first coil spring 230 drives the crushing arm 340 to retract, and then pushes the box body 210 to rotate, so that the box body 210 rotates to the initial state, and the force of the first coil spring 230 is released.

[0152] The electrical components mentioned in this article are all connected to an external main controller and 220V mains electricity, and the main controller can be a conventional known device for controlling a computer or the like.

[0153] Finally, it should be noted that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, it is still possible for those skilled in the art to modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or to make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A soil sample pre-crushing device for soil pollution detection, characterized in that: include: Mounting frame (100); A crushing box (200), wherein the crushing box (200) is rotatably mounted on the mounting frame (100); A stirring and crushing device (300), wherein the stirring and crushing device (300) is rotatably installed inside the crushing box (200); A grinding frame (400), wherein the grinding frame (400) is rotatably mounted inside the grinding box (200) and grinds the soil sample while rotating; A retaining member (500), wherein a plurality of retaining members (500) are provided and fixed on the inner surface of the grinding frame (400) in an annular array; a blocking member (600), wherein the blocking member (600) is slidably mounted on the positioning member (500) and is in contact with the stirring and crushing device (300), so that the stirring and crushing device (300) drives the grinding frame (400) to rotate via the positioning member (500); A filtering device (700), the filtering device (700) being mounted on the bottom of the blocking member (600) and the grinding frame (400), and adjusting the fineness of filtering by the filtering device (700) when the blocking member (600) and the grinding frame (400) rotate relative to each other; A rotating guide assembly (800), wherein the rotating guide assembly (800) is fixed to the bottom of the filtering device (700) and drives the crushing box (200) to rotate when rotating; The mounting frame (100) comprises: Base (110); A U-shaped frame (120), wherein the U-shaped frame (120) is fixed on the top of the base (110); A circular ring (130), wherein the circular ring (130) is fixed on the top of the base (110) and is arranged crosswise with the U-shaped frame (120); A guide groove (140), wherein the guide groove (140) is formed on the inner surface of the circular ring (130) and guides the rotation of the rotation guide assembly (800); Gear teeth (150), a plurality of gear teeth (150) are provided and fixed on the inner wall of the guide groove (140) in an annular array; The crushing box (200) comprises: A box body (210), wherein the box body (210) is arranged at the center of the ring (130); A rotating column (220), wherein two rotating columns (220) are provided and fixed to the outside of the box body (210) and rotatably connected to the U-shaped frame (120); A first coil spring (230), wherein two ends of the first coil spring (230) are respectively fixedly connected to the rotating column (220) and the U-shaped frame (120); The crushing box (200) further comprises: An outer grinding ring (240), wherein the outer grinding ring (240) is fixed inside the box body (210); An inserting groove (250), wherein the inserting groove (250) is formed on the inner wall of the outer grinding ring (240) and the box body (210); A material guide hopper (260), the material guide hopper (260) is fixed to the top of the box body (210) and is used to put in or discharge the soil sample; The stirring and crushing device (300) comprises: A motor (310), wherein the motor (310) is installed on the top of the box body (210); A main shaft (320), the main shaft (320) being mounted on the output end of the motor (310) and extending into the interior of the box body (210); An articulated frame (330), wherein a plurality of the articulated frames (330) are provided and fixed on the outside of the main shaft (320) in a ring array; A crushing arm (340), wherein the crushing arm (340) is hinged on the hinged frame (330); a second coil spring (350), wherein two ends of the second coil spring (350) are respectively fixedly connected to the crushing arm (340) and the hinge frame (330); A striking head (360), wherein the striking head (360) is fixed to an end of the crushing arm (340) away from the hinged frame (330); The grinding frame (400) comprises: a grinding ring (410), wherein the grinding ring (410) is arranged concentrically with the outer grinding ring (240) and grinds the soil sample when rotating; A receiving plate (420), wherein a plurality of receiving plates (420) are provided and fixed to the bottom of the grinding ring (410) in an annular array; A rotating ring (430), the rotating ring (430) being fixed to the outside of the receiving plate (420) and being rotatably mounted inside the plug-in slot (250); The positioning member (500) comprises: a first L-shaped plate (510), wherein a plurality of the first L-shaped plates (510) are provided and fixed on the inner surface of the grinding ring (410) in an annular array; A limiting groove (520), wherein the limiting groove (520) is provided on the front side of the first L-shaped plate (510) in the clockwise direction and has a height greater than the thickness of the crushing arm (340); The blocking member (600) comprises: a limiting plate (610), wherein a plurality of the limiting plates (610) are provided and fixed on the inner surface of the grinding ring (410) in an annular array; A second L-shaped plate (620), the second L-shaped plate (620) being arranged on the outside of the first L-shaped plate (510) and being inserted into the limiting groove (520) to release from the crushing arm (340); A compression spring (630), wherein two ends of the compression spring (630) are respectively fixedly connected to the second L-shaped plate (620) and the limiting plate (610); The filtering device (700) comprises: An inner filter plate (710), wherein the inner filter plate (710) is fixed to the bottom of the second L-shaped plate (620); An outer filter plate (720) is fixed to the bottom of the grinding ring (410) and is in contact with the inner filter plate (710), so that the filtering fineness of the filter holes can be adjusted when the inner filter plate (710) and the outer filter plate (720) rotate relative to each other.

2. The soil sample crushing device for soil pollution detection according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The rotation guide assembly (800) comprises: A rotating shaft (810), wherein the rotating shaft (810) is fixed to the bottom of the outer filter plate (720) and extends to the outside of the box body (210); A gear (820) is fixed to the end of the rotating shaft (810) and bonded to the gear teeth (150) to slide along the guide groove (140).

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