Shape memory polymer composite material-based light shield and working method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a light shield based on a shape memory polymer composite material and a working method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of space flight and aviation. The pod rod and the wing rods are made of shape memory polymer composite materials, the support is arranged on the base, the shape memory alloy expansion breaking device is arranged on the support, the front end of the base is connected with the pod rod, the front end and the rear end of the pod rod are hinged to the wing rods, the outer sides of the pod rod and the wing rods are bonded with the flexible shading film, the front end of the pod rod is connected with the reel, and the reel is provided with a limiting hole. The limiting holes are correspondingly connected with grooving screws of the shape memory alloy expansion breaking device in an inserted mode. According to the invention, material-structure-function integration is realized based on the characteristics of the shape memory material, the locking, driving and bearing integration is realized, the advantages of simple structure, high reliability, large-size molding, low cost, light weight and high storage ratio are realized, and a shading environment with excellent performance is provided for the space camera.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a sunshade based on a shape memory polymer composite material and a working method thereof, belonging to the technical field of aerospace. Background Art

[0002] The main function of the sunshade is to block or adjust external light during a specific period of time to protect sensitive equipment from direct sunlight interference, ensure the accuracy of scientific experiments and the stable operation of spacecraft. The currently widely used space deployable sunshade technology mainly relies on motor drive or complex mechanical deployment mechanism, which has the following defects:

[0003] 1. Complex organization

[0004] The existing sunshade deployment mechanism is complex in design and contains many precision components and transmission systems, which not only increases the manufacturing difficulty and maintenance costs, but may also lead to reduced reliability and increase the risk of on-orbit failures.

[0005] 2. Limited expansion size

[0006] Due to the limitations of mechanical structure and material strength, the unfolded size of traditional sunshades is often strictly limited, making it difficult to meet the needs of large spacecraft or specific scientific experiments for large-area shading.

[0007] 3. High cost

[0008] The complex structural design and high-precision manufacturing requirements make the manufacturing cost of the sunshade remain high, increasing the economic burden of the entire aerospace project.

[0009] 4. Heavy weight

[0010] In order to ensure the stability and reliability of the structure, traditional sun shields often use high-strength but heavy materials, which increases the overall mass of the spacecraft and places higher demands on launch costs and carrying capacity.

[0011] 5. Low storage ratio

[0012] The storage ratio refers to the ratio of the volume or area of ​​the sunshade in the folded state to the unfolded state. Traditional sunshades often have difficulty achieving a high storage ratio due to their complex folding methods and mechanical structures, limiting their deployment and application flexibility in limited spaces. Summary of the invention

[0013] In order to solve the problems existing in the background technology, the present invention provides a sunshade based on a shape memory polymer composite material and a working method thereof.

[0014] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: a sunshade based on shape memory polymer composite material, comprising a pod rod, a base, a flexible shading film, a wing rod, a bracket, a shape memory alloy expander and a reel; the pod rod and the wing rod are both made of shape memory polymer composite material, the left and right sides of the upper end of the base are fixed with brackets, each of the brackets is fixed with a shape memory alloy expander, the left and right sides of the front end of the base are respectively fixedly connected with the rear end of the corresponding pod rod, the two pod rods are arranged in parallel, the front and rear ends of each pod rod are respectively hinged with one end of the corresponding wing rod, the two wing rods are symmetrically arranged, the outer sides of the two pod rods are bonded and fixed to the main part of the flexible shading film, the outer sides of the two wing rods are bonded and fixed to the rear end of the wing part of the flexible shading film, the main part of the flexible shading film and the wing part of the flexible shading film are integrally formed, the front ends of the two pod rods are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the reel, the left and right ends of the reel are provided with limit holes, and each of the limit holes is respectively plugged into the corresponding slotted screw of the shape memory alloy expander.

[0015] The matrix materials of the pod rod and the wing rod are both shape memory epoxy resin or shape memory cyanate resin resistant to space environment, and the reinforcement materials of the pod rod and the wing rod are both carbon fiber reinforcement or glass fiber cloth.

[0016] The flexible shading film is composed of a thermal control multilayer and an ultra-black coating. The outer thermal control multilayer is used to reflect sunlight and control the temperature of the camera, and the inner ultra-black coating is used to absorb stray light in the camera's field of view.

[0017] A working method of a sunshade based on a shape memory polymer composite material of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0018] S1: Two shape memory alloy expanders release the locking restriction on the reel;

[0019] S2: heating the pod stem;

[0020] S3: After being heated, the pod stem unfolds from a coiled state to a straight state;

[0021] S4: The pod rod drives the flexible shading film to unfold from a rolled state to a straight state, forming a one-dimensional unfolding stretch of the shading cover;

[0022] S5: heating the wing rod;

[0023] S6: The wing rod moves outward, driving the wing of the flexible light-shielding film to open. The flexible light-shielding film reaches the working state, providing light-shielding protection for the space camera.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0025] The present invention relies on the characteristics of shape memory materials to achieve material-structure-function integration, and has the characteristics of integrated locking, driving and bearing. It also has the advantages of simple structure, high reliability, large-size molding, low cost, light weight and high storage ratio, providing a high-performance light-shielding environment for space cameras. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the sunshade of the present invention when it is in an unfolded state;

[0027] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the light shield of the present invention when it is in a folded state;

[0028] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure when the pod stem is in an unfolded state;

[0029] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure when the bean pod stem is in a folded state;

[0030] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure when the wing rod is deployed;

[0031] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure when the wing rod is in the folded state. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] A sunshade based on a shape memory polymer composite material, comprising

[0034] The pod rod 1 is used to support the main part of the flexible light-shielding film 3, which is in a rolled state when folded and in a straight state when unfolded;

[0035] The base 2 provides support and fixation for the entire sunshade, ensuring the stability of the sunshade during the folding and unfolding process;

[0036] The flexible shading film 3 provides an effective shading function when the shading cover is unfolded, thereby ensuring the shading effect;

[0037] The wing rod 4 is used to support the wing portion of the flexible shading film 3;

[0038] The bracket 5 is used to install the shape memory alloy expander 6;

[0039] The shape memory alloy expander 6 realizes the locking and releasing of the reel 7 by combining the properties of the shape memory alloy with the heating film, thereby ensuring the stability of the system. This is an existing technology, so it will not be described in detail.

[0040] The reel 7 is used to roll up the flexible shading film 3 to ensure that the flexible shading film 3 remains stable and compact when not in operation;

[0041] The wing rod 4 is in a folded U-shape when folded and in a straight shape when unfolded. The wing rod 4 is composed of back-to-back arc-shaped sheets to ensure that the wing of the flexible shading film 3 can be fully unfolded from folding to straightening and from one dimension to three dimensions.

[0042] The pod rod 1 and the wing rod 4 are both made of shape memory polymer composite materials that are resistant to space environments, can return to a preset shape after being heated, and have durability and shape memory effect.

[0043] Brackets 5 are fixed on both the left and right sides of the upper end of the base 2, and a shape memory alloy expander 6 is fixed on each of the brackets 5.

[0044] The left and right sides of the front end of the base 2 are fixedly connected to the rear ends of the corresponding pod rods 1, the two pod rods 1 are arranged in parallel, the front and rear ends of each pod rod 1 are hinged to one end of the corresponding wing rod 4, the two wing rods 4 are symmetrically arranged, the outer sides of the two pod rods 1 are bonded and fixed to the main part of the flexible shading film 3, the outer sides of the two wing rods 4 are bonded and fixed to the rear ends of the wing parts of the flexible shading film 3, the main part of the flexible shading film 3 and the wing parts of the flexible shading film 3 are integrally formed, the front ends of the two pod rods 1 are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the reel 7, the left and right ends of the reel 7 are provided with limit holes, and each of the limit holes is respectively plugged into the corresponding slotted screws of the shape memory alloy expander 6.

[0045] The base materials of the pod rod 1 and the wing rod 4 are both shape memory epoxy resin or shape memory cyanate resin resistant to space environment, and the reinforcing materials of the pod rod 1 and the wing rod 4 are both carbon fiber reinforced or glass fiber cloth.

[0046] The flexible shading film 3 is composed of a thermal control multilayer and an ultra-black coating. The outer thermal control multilayer is used to reflect sunlight and control the temperature of the camera, and the inner ultra-black coating is used to absorb stray light in the camera's field of view.

[0047] A working method of a sunshade based on a shape memory polymer composite material of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0048] S1: The two shape memory alloy breakers 6 release the locking restriction on the reel 7;

[0049] The shape memory alloy expansion device 6 includes a shape memory alloy tube, a slotted screw, a heating film, a titanium alloy gasket and a nut. The working process is as follows:

[0050] Initial state: When the device is in the folded state, the slotted screw and the shape memory alloy tube work together to form a locked state, ensuring that the flexible shading film 3 remains stable and compact when not unfolded.

[0051] Release operation: When the flexible light shielding film 3 needs to be unfolded, the system starts the heating film to heat the shape memory alloy tube. The shape memory alloy tube stretches after being heated, generating an expansion effect.

[0052] Breaching process: As the shape memory alloy tube expands, the slotted screw is broken by mechanical force. After the slotted screw is broken, the locking state of the reel 7 is released, and the step of unfolding the flexible shading film 3 is ready.

[0053] S2: heating the bean pod stem 1;

[0054] S3: Since the bean pod rod 1 has a shape memory effect, the bean pod rod 1 gradually unfolds from a coiled state to a straight state after being heated;

[0055] S4: As the bean pod rod 1 is gradually unfolded, the bean pod rod 1 drives the flexible light shielding film 3 to unfold from a rolled state to a straight state, forming a one-dimensional unfolding and stretching of the light shield;

[0056] S5: heating the wing rod 4;

[0057] S6: As the wing rod 4 unfolds outward, the wing of the flexible light shielding film 3 is opened, so that the light shielding film is further unfolded from a one-dimensional straight state to a three-dimensional structure. The flexible light shielding film 3 reaches the working state, providing comprehensive light shielding protection for the space camera.

[0058] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the invention can be implemented in other forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and it is intended that all variations within the meaning and range of equivalents of the claims be included in the invention. Any reference numeral in a claim should not be considered as limiting the claim to which it relates.

[0059] In addition, it should be understood that although the present specification is described according to implementation modes, not every implementation mode contains only one independent technical solution. This description of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment may also be appropriately combined to form other implementation modes that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A sunshade based on a shape memory polymer composite material, characterized in that: The invention comprises a pod rod (1), a base (2), a flexible shading film (3), a wing rod (4), a bracket (5), a shape memory alloy expander (6) and a reel (7); the pod rod (1) and the wing rod (4) are both made of a shape memory polymer composite material; brackets (5) are fixed on the left and right sides of the upper end of the base (2); a shape memory alloy expander (6) is fixed on each bracket (5); the left and right sides of the front end of the base (2) are respectively fixedly connected to the rear end of the corresponding pod rod (1); the two pod rods (1) are arranged in parallel; the front and rear ends of each pod rod (1) are connected to the pod rod (1); The ends are respectively hinged to one end of the corresponding wing rod (4), the two wing rods (4) are symmetrically arranged, the outer sides of the two pod rods (1) are bonded and fixed to the main part of the flexible shading film (3), the outer sides of the two wing rods (4) are bonded and fixed to the rear end of the wing part of the flexible shading film (3), the main part of the flexible shading film (3) and the wing part of the flexible shading film (3) are integrally formed, the front ends of the two pod rods (1) are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the reel (7), and the left and right ends of the reel (7) are provided with limiting holes, and each of the limiting holes is respectively plugged into the corresponding slotted screw of the shape memory alloy expander (6).

2. The sunshade based on a shape memory polymer composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The matrix materials of the pod rod (1) and the wing rod (4) are both shape memory epoxy resin or shape memory cyanate resin resistant to space environment, and the reinforcement materials of the pod rod (1) and the wing rod (4) are both carbon fiber reinforcement or glass fiber cloth.

3. The sunshade based on a shape memory polymer composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flexible light-shielding film (3) is composed of a thermal control multilayer and an ultra-black coating, wherein the thermal control multilayer on the outside is used to reflect sunlight and control the temperature of the camera, and the ultra-black coating on the inside is used to absorb stray light in the camera's field of view.

4. A method for operating a sunshade based on a shape memory polymer composite material according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: S1: two shape memory alloy expanders (6) release the locking restriction on the reel (7); S2: heating the bean pod stem (1); S3: after being heated, the bean pod stem (1) unfolds from a coiled state to a straight state; S4: the bean pod rod (1) drives the flexible light shielding film (3) to unfold from a rolled state to a straight state, thereby forming a one-dimensional unfolding and stretching of the light shield; S5: heating the wing rod (4); S6: The wing rod (4) moves outward, driving the wing portion of the flexible light shielding film (3) to open, and the flexible light shielding film (3) reaches a working state, providing light shielding protection for the space camera.

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