The invention discloses a parameter optimization method of Modelica model based on surrogate model, which comprises the following steps: 1, compiling Modelica model and obtaining model parameter and variable information; 2, optimizing modeling; 3, generating sampling point; 4, carry out simulation calculation on that parameter combination; 5, analyzing that simulation calculation result; 6, constructing a proxy model; 7, using that surrogate model to replace the Modelica model to carry on the optimization iteration and find the optimal parameter; 8, carrying out simulation calculation on thatoptimal parameters, and if the error between the simulation calculation result and the output result of the proxy model is small than a set value, executing the step 10, otherwise executing the step 9; 9, dynamically updating the agent model according to the simulation calculation result of the step 8, and then executing the step 7; 10, the optimal parameter calculated in the step 7 is the final optimization result, and the parameter optimization is finished; Through the above steps, the invention achieves the purpose of improving the parameter optimization efficiency of the Modelica model, and solves the practical problem that the calculation amount in the parameter optimization process of the Modelica model is huge and it is difficult to optimize the parameters of the large-scale model.