A process control method for adjusting the genetic structure of high-performance eutectoid alloy stock solution

Abstract

The present invention provides a process control method for adjusting the genetic structure of high-performance eutectoid alloy raw liquid, which belongs to the field of alloy technology. The process control method comprises the following steps: design of aluminum-silicon alloy mother liquid: the aluminum-silicon alloy mother liquid comprises Si 0.5-25%, Fe 0.005-2%, Mn 0.001-4%, Cr 0.001-5%, Ga 0.001-7%, Zr 0.001-7%, Mo 0.001-3%, Ti 0.001-8%, Cu 0.001-4%, Ni 0.001-4%, Co 0.001-6%, Y 0.001-4%, V 0.001-4%, P 0.001-4%, Na 0.0001-1%, La 0.0001-1%, Ce 0.0001-1%, Sr 0.00001-1%, Sc 0.00001~1%, the rest is aluminum and other inevitable impurities; wherein the mass ratio of Fe to Mn is 1:(2.5~3.8); the mass ratio of Cu, Ni and Co is 1:(1.2~1.8):(4.5~6); the mass ratio of Y, La, Ce, Sr and Sc is (2~2.5):(0.5~0.8):(1.2~1.5):(0.8~1.2):1; the aluminum-silicon alloy mother liquid is sequentially subjected to converter storage, temperature change control, casting and cooling to obtain a product ingot. The alloy product prepared by the present invention not only has good mechanical properties, but also has the directional inheritance of advantageous tissues.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of alloys, and in particular relates to a process control method for adjusting the genetic structure of a high-performance eutectoid alloy stock solution. Background Art

[0002] Cast aluminum silicon alloy material is one of the most widely used aluminum silicon alloy materials, which is mainly divided into Al-Si series, Al-Mg series, Al-Cu series, etc. Cast aluminum silicon alloy material has good fluidity, good casting performance, no hot cracking tendency, high air tightness, small linear shrinkage, and excellent pressure processing performance. It is often used in the actual preparation of cylinder blocks, cylinder heads and some complex castings.

[0003] For Al-Si casting alloys, the existing method for preparing cast aluminum-silicon alloy product ingots is the traditional melting and matching process, which is to melt the original aluminum ingots or add electrolytic aluminum liquid in a certain order, calculate the ingredients, add industrial silicon or silicon-containing intermediate alloys, Mn, Mg, Ti and other pure metals or intermediate alloy products of product requirements, and then increase the melt temperature to accelerate the alloying of aluminum liquid, assist in refining and degassing, add Sr or Ti for modification during the solidification process, and finally heat-insulate and cast aluminum-silicon alloy product ingots. Due to the limitations of traditional process methods, when the silicon content is added under certain conditions, coarse primary silicon and long needle-shaped eutectic silicon phases are easily formed, and after downstream customers buy and sell them back for remelting, due to the original defects and the difficulty in controlling the process conditions during the secondary remelting process, the performance of the casting products is greatly affected.

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, Chinese patent CN108913900A discloses a method for preparing ZL104 alloy from waste aluminum liquid recovered from ash roasting in a foundry. It can use excess recycled aluminum liquid to realize the reuse of waste products to prepare ZL104 alloy, and it can prepare ZL104 alloy in an unsuitable reflective insulation furnace, using existing equipment without having to buy new equipment, making full use of existing resources and saving costs. However, it still adopts the traditional melting method. Chinese patent CN113862534A discloses a method for regulating the genetic structure of aluminum-silicon alloy materials, which uses at least two of the following three control methods to regulate the material structure: adding fine-grained solid materials when preparing aluminum-silicon alloy raw materials; superheating the aluminum-silicon alloy melt; and forming by impact printing. However, it is the refinement of the structure produced by the additional addition of fine-grained solid materials, not formed by the original mother liquor.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a method that can use a eutectic alloy solution with excellent structure and related control processes to complete composition regulation and inherit excellent structure properties to cast aluminum-silicon alloy product ingots. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a process control method for adjusting the genetic structure of a high-performance eutectic alloy raw liquid, so as to solve the problem that the cast aluminum-silicon alloy product ingot prepared by the above process has native defects and the secondary remelting process is difficult to control.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0008] A process control method for adjusting the genetic structure of a high-performance eutectoid alloy stock solution comprises the following steps:

[0009] (1) Design of aluminum-silicon alloy mother liquor;

[0010] The aluminum-silicon alloy mother liquor includes Si 0.5-25%, Fe 0.005-2%, Mn 0.001-4%, Cr0.001-5%, Ga 0.001-7%, Zr 0.001-7%, Mo 0.001-3%, Ti 0.001-8%, Cu 0.001-4%, Ni 0.001-4%, Co 0.001-6%, Y 0.001-4%, V 0.001-4%, P 0.001-4%, Na 0.0001-1%, La 0.0001-1%, Ce0.0001-1%, Sr 0.00001-1%, Sc 0.00001-1%, and the remainder is aluminum and other inevitable impurities;

[0011] The mass ratio of Fe and Mn is 1: (2.5~3.8); the mass ratio of Cu, Ni and Co is 1: (1.2~1.8): (4.5~6); the mass ratio of Y, La, Ce, Sr and Sc is (2~2.5): (0.5~0.8): (1.2~1.5): (0.8~1.2): 1;

[0012] (2) Preserving the aluminum-silicon alloy mother liquor in a converter;

[0013] (3) Controlling the temperature change of aluminum-silicon alloy mother liquid;

[0014] (4) Casting and cooling the aluminum-silicon alloy mother liquid to obtain a cast aluminum-silicon alloy product ingot with dominant microstructure inheritance.

[0015] In the prior art, the preparation of aluminum-silicon alloy product ingots mostly adopts the traditional melting method, firstly, various raw materials are mixed according to the addition amount, and then directly melted and cast, but it is found that it has defects itself, and the process needs to be strictly controlled during remelting to keep its performance basically unchanged, which has an impact on the improvement of alloy performance and subsequent applications. In view of this problem, the present invention uses alloy mother liquor as raw material, and designs the element composition and addition amount in the alloy mother material, which can ensure that the performance of aluminum-silicon alloy ingot products is improved, and also improves the alloy performance after remelting. The ratio of Fe and Mn is limited in the present invention, specifically Fe: Mn=1:2.5~3.8. The present invention controls the ratio of Fe and Mn to reduce the formation of brittle phases such as FeAl3, because FeAl3 is easy to form a coarse network structure in the alloy, reducing the plasticity and toughness of the alloy. Appropriately increasing the ratio of Mn relative to Fe can promote the formation of a more stable MnAl6 phase or other more beneficial intermediate phases, which usually have better plasticity and toughness, and help to improve the comprehensive performance of the alloy.

[0016] The present invention also defines the ratio of Cu, Ni and Co, specifically Cu:Ni:Co=1:1.2~1.8:4.5~6. Cu, Ni and Co can improve the strength of the alloy through two mechanisms: solid solution strengthening and precipitation strengthening. Cu can form CuAl2 phase, while Ni and Co tend to form NiAl3 or CoAl2 phase. By adjusting the ratio of these elements, the present invention can optimize the morphology and distribution of the strengthening phase, avoid the formation of coarse precipitates, and thus improve the strength and toughness of the material. At the same time, the addition of Co element can improve the precipitation behavior of Cu and Ni, making the precipitated phase more uniform and fine.

[0017] The present invention also defines the ratio of Y, La, Ce, Sr and Sc, specifically Y: La: Ce: Sr: Sc = 2~2.5: 0.5~0.8: 1.2~1.5: 0.8~1.2: 1. One of the main functions of rare earth elements such as Y, La and Ce is to refine the grains. They can effectively prevent the grains from growing, thereby improving the strength and plasticity of the material. The Sr element can change the morphology of the silicon phase from needle-like to spherical or short rod-like, which can improve the mechanical processing performance of the alloy. The addition of the Sc element can form stable Al3Sc particles, which can effectively pin the grain boundaries, prevent the grains from growing, and further refine the grains. The appropriate rare earth element ratio in the present invention can work synergistically to jointly promote grain refinement, improve the fluidity and cleanliness of the alloy, and thus improve the overall performance of the alloy.

[0018] Preferably, in step (1), the aluminum-silicon alloy mother liquid includes one or more micron-sized precipitated phases and one or more submicron-sized precipitated phases, the size range of the micron-sized precipitated phases is 50-1000 μm, and the components include any two or more of the elements Al, Si, Fe, Mn, Cr, Ga, Zr, Mo, Ti, Cu, Ni, Co, Y, V, P, Na, La, Ce, Sr, and Sc; the size range of the submicron-sized precipitated phases is between 0.01 and 50 μm, and the components include any two or more of the elements Al, Si, Fe, Mn, Cr, Ga, Zr, Mo, Ti, Cu, Ni, Co, Y, V, P, Na, La, Ce, Sr, and Sc.

[0019] Preferably, in step (1), the grain size index G of the aluminum-silicon alloy mother liquid is 1.0-5.5.

[0020] Preferably, in step (2), the converter is pre-baked for 1 to 8 hours, the transfer time is 30 to 45 minutes, the converter temperature is t0, and the converter temperature is higher than the liquidus line T of the aluminum-silicon alloy. m High 50~1000℃.

[0021] Preferably, in step (3), the temperature change control includes one or more executions of the following three stages:

[0022] The temperature of stage 1 is T1=t0+1000k1, k1 is 0.11~0.13, the heating rate is 0~3℃ / min, and the holding time is 0~8h;

[0023] The temperature of stage 2 is T2=t0+1200k2, k2 is 0.14~0.19, the heating rate is 0~5℃ / min, and the holding time is 0~8h;

[0024] The temperature of stage three is T3=t0+1500k3, k3 is 0.17~0.35, the heating rate is 0~8℃ / min, and the holding time is 0~8h.

[0025] In order to further optimize the performance of the product, the present invention carries out a temperature control process in a specific stage during the temperature change control stage, which plays an important role in optimizing the microstructure and improving the mechanical properties. Analysis of the reasons: The temperature control in the temperature change stage helps the uniform nucleation and growth of the crystal nucleus, thereby refining the grains, preventing the grains from growing too fast and avoiding the formation of coarse precipitates. The temperature adjustment under different gradient requirements helps to promote the dissolution and redistribution of alloy elements, and ensure the uniformity of the alloy components in the entire melt. In this way, the performance difference caused by the uneven local chemical composition can be reduced, and a more stable precipitation phase can be formed. At this time, the alloy elements have been distributed more evenly, which helps the precipitation phase to reach the optimal size and morphology, thereby improving the mechanical properties of the material. The present invention can form an advantageous microstructure in the alloy melt during the solidification process by accurately controlling the temperature, heating rate and holding time in the temperature change stage, and these structures can be better inherited to the final ingot product during the subsequent cooling and solidification process. This tissue heredity ensures the performance stability of the alloy after remelting, so that the material after secondary processing still maintains good mechanical properties.

[0026] Preferably, in step (4), casting includes one or more of the following three stages:

[0027] The temperature of stage 1 is T4=T3-200k4, k4 is 0.26~0.35, the solidification time of the ingot is 4~35s, and the casting speed is 0.01~50cm / s;

[0028] The temperature of stage 2 is T5=T4-150k5, k5 is 0.40~0.6, the solidification time of the ingot is 3~35s, and the casting speed is 0.01~50cm / s;

[0029] The temperature of stage three is T6=T5-100k6, k6 is 0.80~1.2, the ingot solidification time is 2~35s, and the casting speed is 0.01~50cm / s.

[0030] In order to further optimize the performance of the product, the present invention also sets up the casting process in stages, which helps to improve the mechanical properties and organizational inheritance of the aluminum-silicon alloy ingot. Analysis of the reasons: The solidus and liquidus temperatures of the alloy are the core of the solidification process of the alloy to the end of solidification. In the casting process, by controlling the different changes in the liquidus temperature, the formation of the initial crystal nucleus is controlled, thereby refining the grains. The appropriate temperature ensures the good fluidity of the alloy liquid, and the appropriate adjustment of the casting speed is conducive to the uniform growth of the grains, avoiding the uniform distribution of coarse grains and precipitated phases caused by solidification, thereby improving the strength and toughness of the material. By controlling the two follow-up variables of solidification speed and solidification temperature, the favorable microstructure formed in the eutectoid alloy mother liquid is retained, so that these organizational characteristics can be inherited in the final ingot, and the performance is "locked" in the organization. This helps to ensure the performance consistency of the alloy in subsequent processing. Through this multi-stage precision casting control, the present invention can effectively improve the mechanical properties and organizational inheritance of the aluminum-silicon alloy ingot, so that the final product has better performance.

[0031] In the present invention, T m The liquidus temperature is the lowest temperature at which a pure substance or alloy begins to change from solid to liquid. For alloys, the liquidus temperature depends on the specific composition of the alloy. Different composition ratios will result in different melting temperatures. The liquidus of an alloy can be tested by conventional methods such as differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), differential thermal analysis (DTA) or computer simulation software.

[0032] Preferably, in step (4), the cooling method is any one or a combination of air cooling, bubble mold water cooling, semi-bubble mold water cooling, water mist cooling, and liquid gas cooling.

[0033] Preferably, in step (4), the cooling rate is 0.2-8°C / sec.

[0034] Compared with the prior art, the advantages and beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0035] 1. The present invention precisely controls the proportion of trace elements in the alloy mother solution and the temperature and speed during the casting process, so that the final product has better mechanical properties. The improvement in mechanical properties is reflected in higher strength, better ductility and better corrosion resistance, which can meet the requirements of high-end manufacturing industry for material properties.

[0036] 2. The present invention controls the internal structure of the melt to make the grains refined and evenly distributed, and the grain size index G is controlled within an ideal range (1.0-5.5), which helps to improve the machinability and heat treatment responsiveness of the material, thereby improving the overall quality and service life of the product.

[0037] 3. The present invention uses specific process conditions to preserve the favorable microstructure in the alloy mother solution and transfer it to the final product in the subsequent processing process. This heredity ensures that the performance of the product can be maintained or even improved even after multiple remelting and reprocessing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] Figure 1 The metallographic image of the aluminum-silicon alloy prepared in Example 1;

[0039] Figure 2 The metallographic image of the aluminum-silicon alloy prepared in Example 2;

[0040] Figure 3 This is the metallographic phase diagram of the aluminum-silicon alloy prepared in Example 3. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0042] Example 1

[0043] This embodiment provides a process control method for adjusting the microstructure inheritance of a high-performance eutectoid alloy stock solution, comprising the following steps:

[0044] (1) Design of aluminum-silicon alloy mother liquor;

[0045] The aluminum-silicon alloy mother liquor includes Si 10%, Fe 0.01%, Mn 0.03%, Cr 0.1%, Ga0.2%, Zr 0.3%, Mo 0.1%, Ti 0.5%, Cu 0.01%, Ni 0.012%, Co 0.05%, Y 0.01%, V 0.01%, P0.005%, Na 0.0005%, La 0.003%, Ce 0.0065%, Sr 0.005%, Sc 0.005% in terms of mass percentage, and the remainder is aluminum and other inevitable impurities;

[0046] The mass ratio of Fe to Mn is 1:3; the mass ratio of Cu, Ni and Co is 1:1.2:5; the mass ratio of Y, La, Ce, Sr and Sc is 2:0.6:1.3:1:1;

[0047] (2) Preserving the aluminum-silicon alloy mother liquor in a converter;

[0048] The converter was pre-baked for 6 h, the transfer time was 35 min, and the converter temperature was 633 °C, recorded as t0;

[0049] (3) Controlling the temperature change of aluminum-silicon alloy mother liquid;

[0050] Temperature change control includes three stages;

[0051] The temperature of the first stage is T1=t0+1000k1, k1 is 0.12, T1 is 753℃, the heating rate is 2℃ / min, and the holding time is 8h;

[0052] The temperature of the second stage is T2=t0+1200k2, k2 is 0.15, T2 is 813℃, the heating rate is 5℃ / min, and the holding time is 6h;

[0053] The temperature of the third stage is T3=t0+1500k3, k3 is 0.18, T3 is 903℃, the heating rate is 6℃ / min, and the holding time is 4h.

[0054] (4) Casting and cooling the aluminum-silicon alloy mother liquid to obtain a cast aluminum-silicon alloy product ingot with superior microstructure inheritance;

[0055] Casting consists of three stages;

[0056] The temperature of the first stage is T4=T3-200k4, k4 is 0.3, T4 is 843℃, the time is 22s, and the casting speed is 10cm / s;

[0057] The temperature of the second stage is T5 = T4-150k5, k5 is 0.5, T5 is 768℃, the time is 16s, and the casting speed is 25cm / s;

[0058] The temperature of the third stage is T6=T5-100k6, k6 is 0.9, T6 is 678°C, the time is 12s, and the casting speed is 40cm / s.

[0059] The cooling method is air cooling, and the cooling rate is 4°C / sec.

[0060] Example 2

[0061] This embodiment provides a process control method for adjusting the microstructure inheritance of a high-performance eutectoid alloy stock solution, comprising the following steps:

[0062] (1) Design of aluminum-silicon alloy mother liquor;

[0063] The aluminum-silicon alloy mother liquor includes Si 12%, Fe 0.1%, Mn 0.28%, Cr 0.01%, Ga0.01%, Zr 0.01%, Mo 0.01%, Ti 0.1%, Cu 0.1%, Ni 0.12%, Co 0.48%, Y 0.01%, V 0.01%, P0.005%, Na 0.001%, La 0.00276%, Ce 0.00552%, Sr 0.00414%, Sc 0.0046% in terms of mass percentage, and the remainder is aluminum and other inevitable impurities;

[0064] The mass ratio of Fe to Mn is 1:2.8; the mass ratio of Cu, Ni and Co is 1:1.2:4.8; the mass ratio of Y, La, Ce, Sr and Sc is 2.17:0.6:1.2:0.9:1;

[0065] (2) Preserving the aluminum-silicon alloy mother liquor in a converter;

[0066] The converter was pre-baked for 5 h, the transfer time was 30 min, and the converter temperature was 638 °C, recorded as t0;

[0067] (3) Controlling the temperature change of aluminum-silicon alloy mother liquid;

[0068] Temperature change control includes three stages;

[0069] The temperature of the first stage is T1=t0+1000k1, k1 is 0.11, T1 is 748℃, the heating rate is 1℃ / min, and the holding time is 8h;

[0070] The temperature of the second stage is T2=t0+1200k2, k2 is 0.14, T2 is 806℃, the heating rate is 5℃ / min, and the holding time is 5h;

[0071] The temperature of the third stage is T3=t0+1500k3, k3 is 0.17, T3 is 893℃, the heating rate is 6℃ / min, and the holding time is 3h.

[0072] (4) Casting and cooling the aluminum-silicon alloy mother liquid to obtain a cast aluminum-silicon alloy product ingot with superior microstructure inheritance;

[0073] Casting consists of three stages;

[0074] The temperature of the first stage is T4=T3-200k4, k4 is 0.26, T4 is 841℃, the time is 21s, and the casting speed is 7cm / s;

[0075] The temperature of the second stage is T5 = T4-150k5, k5 is 0.4, T5 is 781℃, the time is 16s, and the casting speed is 21cm / s;

[0076] The temperature of the third stage is T6=T5-100k6, k6 is 0.8, T6 is 701°C, the time is 11s, and the casting speed is 36cm / s.

[0077] The cooling method is air cooling, and the cooling rate is 6°C / sec.

[0078] Example 3

[0079] This embodiment provides a process control method for adjusting the microstructure inheritance of a high-performance eutectoid alloy stock solution, comprising the following steps:

[0080] (1) Design of aluminum-silicon alloy mother liquor;

[0081] The aluminum-silicon alloy mother liquor includes Si 8%, Fe 0.05%, Mn 0.175%, Cr 0.02%, Ga0.02%, Zr 0.02%, Mo 0.02%, Ti 0.05%, Cu 0.02%, Ni 0.036%, Co 0.11%, Y 0.00048%, V0.01%, P 0.005%, Na 0.001%, La 0.000016%, Ce 0.0003%, Sr 0.0024%, Sc 0.0002% in terms of mass percentage, and the remainder is aluminum and other inevitable impurities;

[0082] The mass ratio of Fe to Mn is 1:3.5; the mass ratio of Cu, Ni and Co is 1:1.8:5.5; the mass ratio of Y, La, Ce, Sr and Sc is 2.4:0.8:1.5:1.2:1;

[0083] (2) Preserving the aluminum-silicon alloy mother liquor in a converter;

[0084] The converter was pre-baked for 8 h, the transfer time was 42 min, and the converter temperature was 695 °C, recorded as t0;

[0085] (3) Controlling the temperature change of aluminum-silicon alloy mother liquid;

[0086] Temperature change control includes three stages;

[0087] The temperature of the first stage is T1=t0+1000k1, k1 is 0.13, T1 is 825℃, the heating rate is 3℃ / min, and the holding time is 8h;

[0088] The temperature of the second stage is T2=t0+1200k2, k2 is 0.16, T2 is 887℃, the heating rate is 5℃ / min, and the holding time is 7h;

[0089] The temperature of the third stage is T3=t0+1500k3, k3 is 0.19, T3 is 980℃, the heating rate is 6℃ / min, and the holding time is 4.5h.

[0090] (4) Casting and cooling the aluminum-silicon alloy mother liquid to obtain a cast aluminum-silicon alloy product ingot with superior microstructure inheritance;

[0091] Casting consists of three stages;

[0092] The temperature of the first stage is T4=T3-200k4, k4 is 0.35, T4 is 910℃, the time is 24s, and the casting speed is 14cm / s;

[0093] The temperature of the second stage is T5 = T4-150k5, k5 is 0.6, T5 is 820℃, the time is 18s, and the casting speed is 28cm / s;

[0094] The temperature of the third stage is T6=T5-100k6, k6 is 1.0, T6 is 720℃, the time is 15s, and the casting speed is 42cm / s.

[0095] The cooling method is air cooling, and the cooling rate is 8℃ / sec.

[0096] Comparative Example 1

[0097] The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the composition of the aluminum-silicon alloy mother liquor is different, the Fe content added in this comparative example is 0.03%, and the mass ratio of Fe to Mn is 1:1.

[0098] Comparative Example 2

[0099] The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the composition of the aluminum-silicon alloy mother liquor is different, the content of Co added in this comparative example is 0.01%, and the mass ratio of Cu, Ni and Co is 1:1.2:1.

[0100] Comparative Example 3

[0101] The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the composition of the aluminum-silicon alloy mother liquor is different, the content of Sc added in this comparative example is 0.01%, and the mass ratio of Y, La, Ce, Sr and Sc is 2:0.6:1.3:1:2.

[0102] Comparative Example 4

[0103] The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the temperature change control process is different. The temperature change control process in this comparative example is:

[0104] Keep at 1100℃ for 19h, with a heating rate of 6℃ / min.

[0105] Comparative Example 5

[0106] The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the temperature change control process is different. The temperature change control process in this comparative example is:

[0107] Temperature change control includes three stages;

[0108] The temperature of the first stage is 790°C, the heating rate is 2°C / min, and the holding time is 8h;

[0109] The temperature of the second stage is 850°C, the heating rate is 5°C / min, and the holding time is 6h;

[0110] The temperature of the third stage is 950°C, the heating rate is 6°C / min, and the holding time is 4h.

[0111] Comparative Example 6

[0112] The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the casting process is different. The casting process in this comparative example is:

[0113] At 900°C, the time is 50s and the casting speed is 25cm / s;

[0114] Comparative Example 7

[0115] The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the casting process is different. The casting process in this comparative example is:

[0116] Casting consists of three stages;

[0117] The temperature of the first stage was 750°C, the time was 22s, and the casting speed was 10cm / s;

[0118] The temperature of the second stage is 650°C, the time is 16s, and the casting speed is 25cm / s;

[0119] The temperature of the third stage is 600°C, the time is 12s, and the casting speed is 40cm / s.

[0120] Comparative Example 8

[0121] The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the process steps are different.

[0122] The preparation method of the aluminum-silicon alloy product ingot of this comparative example is:

[0123] Industrial silicon, electrolytic aluminum ingots and part of the intermediate alloy are mixed with the same composition, then melted at 800°C without any treatment, cast at a casting speed of 11 cm / s and a casting temperature of 660°C for 40s, and air-cooled at a cooling rate of 8°C / min to obtain an aluminum-silicon alloy product.

[0124] Performance Testing

[0125] The aluminum-silicon alloy product ingots prepared in Examples 1-3 were subjected to metallographic tests. The test results are shown in the attached Figure 1-3 Through organizational observation, it can be found that the aluminum-silicon alloy includes one or more micron-sized precipitation phases and one or more submicron-sized precipitation phases. The size range of the micron-sized precipitation phases is 50-1000μm, and the components include any two or more of the elements Al, Si, Fe, Mn, Cr, Ga, Zr, Mo, Ti, Cu, Ni, Co, Y, V, P, Na, La, Ce, Sr, and Sc; the size range of the submicron-sized precipitation phases is between 0.01-50μm, and the components include any two or more of the elements Al, Si, Fe, Mn, Cr, Ga, Zr, Mo, Ti, Cu, Ni, Co, Y, V, P, Na, La, Ce, Sr, and Sc.

[0126] The tensile strength and elongation of the aluminum-silicon alloy product ingots prepared in the examples and comparative examples were measured in accordance with GB / T 228.1-2010 "Tensile test of metallic materials Part 1: Room temperature test method". The aluminum-silicon alloy product ingots prepared in the examples and comparative examples were then re-melted at 650 degrees Celsius, cooled under air cooling conditions at a cooling rate of 6 degrees Celsius / min to obtain remelted ingots, and the remelted ingots were subjected to a tensile strength test. The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0127] Table 1 Performance test results

[0128]

[0129] It can be seen from the above performance test results that the aluminum-silicon alloy ingots of Examples 1-3 have good mechanical properties and directional inheritance of advantageous tissues, especially the comprehensive performance of Example 1 is the most outstanding. This is mainly because the present invention utilizes a eutectic alloy stock solution and limits the mass ratio of multiple elements. At the same time, the converter mode and converter temperature of the alloy stock solution are controlled, the internal structure of the melt is regulated, and the casting speed, cooling speed and cooling method technical parameters in the corresponding casting process are matched, so that the advantageous tissue in the alloy mother solution is efficiently inherited into the alloy product, the mechanical properties and grain structure are better than those of products produced by traditional processes, and the performance in the secondary product test after remelting is still steadily improved.

[0130] The comparative example did not adopt the necessary technical solution, which resulted in the corresponding performance test being significantly worse than that of the embodiment. In comparative example 1, the amount of Fe added was changed, resulting in an increase in the amount of Fe added compared to the amount of Mn added in the aluminum-silicon alloy mother solution. From the results, it can be seen that the mechanical properties decreased, and the dominant tissue heredity after remelting also decreased, proving that the relative content of Fe and Mn has an important influence on the comprehensive properties of the aluminum-silicon alloy. In comparative example 2, the amount of Co added was changed, resulting in a decrease in the amount of Co added compared to the amount of Ni and Cu added in the aluminum-silicon alloy mother solution. From the results, it can be seen that the mechanical properties and tissue heredity of the aluminum-silicon alloy were affected, resulting in a decrease in its comprehensive performance, indicating that the mass ratio of Cu, Ni and Co has an important influence on improving the comprehensive properties of the aluminum-silicon alloy. Comparative Example 3 changes the amount of Sc added, resulting in an increase in the amount of Y, La, Ce, and Sr added to the aluminum-silicon alloy mother liquor. From the results, it can be seen that the comprehensive performance of the aluminum-silicon alloy has decreased, indicating that the mass ratio of Y, La, Ce, Sr, and Sc has a very important influence on improving the mechanical properties of the aluminum-silicon alloy and improving the genetic properties of the dominant tissue. Comparative Example 4 changes the temperature control process, setting the three-stage temperature control process to a one-time temperature control process at a specific temperature and a specific time. From the results, it can be seen that the mechanical properties and tissue genetic properties of the aluminum-silicon alloy have further decreased, indicating that the temperature control process has a very important influence on the performance of the aluminum-silicon alloy. Although the three-stage temperature control process is maintained in Comparative Example 5, the temperature of each step is adjusted, which exceeds the range specified in the present invention. From the results, it can be seen that the performance of the aluminum-silicon alloy has decreased, indicating that better mechanical properties can be achieved within the temperature control range specified in the present invention. Improvement and superior tissue heredity. In Comparative Example 6, the casting process was changed, and casting was performed once at a specific temperature, time and speed. It can be seen from the results that the mechanical properties and organizational heredity of the aluminum-silicon alloy decreased, indicating that the casting process under specific conditions set in the present invention plays an important role in improving the comprehensive performance of the alloy. In Comparative Example 7, the temperature of the three-stage casting process was changed. Although it is still a three-stage casting process, it can be seen from the results that the different temperatures in each stage will also affect the comprehensive performance of the aluminum-silicon alloy. At the temperature specified in the present invention, the best improvement in the performance of the aluminum-silicon alloy and the heredity of the advantageous organization can be achieved. In Comparative Example 8, the traditional process is used to prepare aluminum-silicon alloy products. It can be seen from the results that although the aluminum-silicon alloy products prepared therefrom have higher mechanical properties, after remelting, the mechanical properties are severely reduced, indicating that the process in the present invention has an adjustment and improvement effect compared to the traditional process. The above experimental results further prove the importance of the technical solution specified in the present invention for its technical effect.

[0131] The above is a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A process control method for adjusting the genetic structure of a high-performance eutectoid alloy stock solution, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) Design of aluminum-silicon alloy mother liquor; The aluminum-silicon alloy mother liquor includes Si 0.5-25%, Fe 0.005-2%, Mn 0.001-4%, Cr 0.001-5%, Ga 0.001-7%, Zr 0.001-7%, Mo 0.001-3%, Ti 0.001-8%, Cu 0.001-4%, Ni 0.001-4%, Co 0.001-6%, Y 0.001-4%, V 0.001-4%, P 0.001-4%, Na 0.0001-1%, La 0.0001-1%, Ce0.0001-1%, Sr 0.00001-1%, Sc 0.00001-1%, and the remainder is aluminum and other inevitable impurities; The mass ratio of Fe and Mn is 1: (2.5~3.8); the mass ratio of Cu, Ni and Co is 1: (1.2~1.8): (4.5~6); the mass ratio of Y, La, Ce, Sr and Sc is (2~2.5): (0.5~0.8): (1.2~1.5): (0.8~1.2): 1; (2) Preserving the aluminum-silicon alloy mother liquor in a converter; (3) Controlling the temperature change of aluminum-silicon alloy mother liquid; (4) Casting and cooling the aluminum-silicon alloy mother liquid to obtain a cast aluminum-silicon alloy product ingot with superior microstructure inheritance; In step (2), the converter is pre-baked for 1 to 8 hours, the transfer time is 30 to 45 minutes, the converter temperature is t0, and the converter temperature is higher than the liquidus line T of the aluminum-silicon alloy. m High 50~1000℃; In step (3), the temperature change control includes the following three stages: The temperature of stage 1 is T1=t0+1000k1, k1 is 0.11~0.13, the heating rate is 0~3℃ / min, and the holding time is 0~8h; The temperature of stage 2 is T2=t0+1200k2, k2 is 0.14~0.19, the heating rate is 0~5℃ / min, and the holding time is 0~8h; The temperature of stage three is T3=t0+1500k3, k3 is 0.17~0.35, the heating rate is 0~8℃ / min, and the holding time is 0~8h; The heating rate of each stage is not 0, and the holding time of each stage is not 0.

2. A process control method for adjusting the microstructure inheritance of a high-performance eutectoid alloy stock solution according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (4), casting includes the following three stages: The temperature of stage 1 is T4=T3-200k4, k4 is 0.26~0.35, the solidification time of the ingot is 4~35s, and the casting speed is 0.01~50cm / s; The temperature of stage 2 is T5=T4-150k5, k5 is 0.40~0.6, the solidification time of the ingot is 3~35s, and the casting speed is 0.01~50cm / s; The temperature of stage three is T6=T5-100k6, k6 is 0.80~1.2, the ingot solidification time is 2~35s, and the casting speed is 0.01~50cm / s.

3. The process control method for adjusting the microstructure inheritance of high-performance eutectoid alloy stock solution according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step (4), the cooling method is any one or a combination of air cooling, water mist cooling, and liquid gas cooling.

4. The process control method for adjusting the microstructure inheritance of high-performance eutectoid alloy stock solution according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step (4), the cooling rate is 0.2~8℃ / sec.

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