Ignition experiment device for double-opposed-piston quick compressor

Abstract

The invention discloses a double-opposed-piston rapid compressor ignition experiment device, which comprises a combustion system, which comprises a combustion chamber and pistons, two ends of the combustion chamber are provided with openings, the openings are connected with pipelines where the pistons are located, and the front opening of the combustion chamber is provided with a window; the air pressure system comprises an air pressure bin and a quick compressor, and the air pressure bin is of a double-opposed structure; the quick compressor can compress air to 10 atmospheric pressures; the sample introduction and exhaust system comprises a gas cylinder; a gas mixing tank; gas in the gas cylinder is filled into the gas mixing tank through a pipeline, the vacuum pump is connected with the combustion chamber and the gas pressure bin through an exhaust pipe and used for vacuumizing the combustion chamber and the gas pressure bin, and premixed gas is stored in the gas mixing tank and used for filling the combustion chamber with the premixed gas through a pipeline; the oil pressure system comprises an oil pressure bin and an oil pressure pump. According to the double-opposed-piston quick compressor ignition experiment device, an ignition system can be reasonably arranged, knocking is restrained, and combustion is fully carried out.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of rapid compressor experimental device design, in particular to an ignition experimental device for a dual-opposed-piston rapid compressor. Background Art

[0002] At present, most piston aircraft engines use gasoline as fuel. Compared with gasoline, aviation kerosene has a higher flash point, lower volatility, is not easy to ignite at room temperature, has good economy and high application safety. In recent years, the aviation field has attached great importance to the research of aviation kerosene. However, the lower auto-ignition temperature and octane number make aviation kerosene evaporate and burn slowly when used in spark-ignition engines, and it is more likely to spontaneously ignite, and therefore more likely to cause knock problems, resulting in reduced engine power, increased fuel consumption, and worsened emissions. In severe cases, it may even shorten the life of the engine and cause engine damage.

[0003] The ignition system is a key factor affecting the combustion process of spark-ignition engines. Using reasonable methods to study different ignition strategies is of great significance to suppress the occurrence of engine knock. For engines with certain fuel, reasonable ignition parameters can effectively improve the combustion conditions in the cylinder and shorten the combustion cycle, and can reduce the tendency of abnormal combustion, so that combustion can be fully carried out. In view of this, it is crucial to deeply study and optimize the ignition timing and establish an advanced ignition experimental device. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention aims to establish a dual-opposed piston rapid compressor ignition experimental device to reasonably arrange the ignition system, suppress the occurrence of detonation, and enable combustion to proceed fully.

[0005] In one aspect, the present invention provides a dual-opposed-piston rapid compressor ignition test device, the dual-opposed-piston rapid compressor ignition test device comprising:

[0006] A combustion system, comprising: a combustion chamber and a piston, wherein both ends of the combustion chamber are provided with openings, the openings are connected to a pipe where the piston is located, and a viewing window is provided at the front opening of the combustion chamber;

[0007] The air pressure system comprises: an air pressure chamber and a rapid compressor, wherein the air pressure chamber is a double opposed structure; the rapid compressor can compress the air to 10 atmospheres;

[0008] The sampling and exhaust system comprises: a gas cylinder; a gas mixing tank; a vacuum pump; wherein the gas in the gas cylinder is filled into the gas mixing tank through a pipeline, the vacuum pump is connected to the combustion chamber and the air pressure chamber through an exhaust pipe, and is used to evacuate the combustion chamber and the air pressure chamber to a vacuum state, and the gas mixing tank stores premixed gas, and is used to fill the premixed gas into the combustion chamber through a pipeline;

[0009] The oil pressure system comprises: an oil pressure tank and an oil pressure pump, wherein the oil pressure pump can pump oil into the oil pressure tank, and the oil pressure tank is used to provide pressure to lock the piston.

[0010] Furthermore, the double-opposed-piston rapid compressor ignition experimental device also includes an information acquisition system, which includes: a pressure sensor, which is arranged on the combustion chamber and is used to monitor the pressure in the combustion chamber; an optical probe and a grating monochromator, which are arranged on the combustion chamber and are used to collect physical parameters during combustion; a position sensor, which is arranged on the piston and is used to calibrate the position of the piston; an electronic computer, an amplifier and an acquisition card, the electronic computer and the amplifier are data-connected with the acquisition card, and the data collected by the pressure sensor, the optical probe, the grating monochromator and the position sensor are input into the electronic computer through the amplifier and the acquisition card for analyzing the physical parameters of the combustion process.

[0011] Furthermore, the combustion chamber is a hollow rectangular parallelepiped structure with openings at both ends, and a quartz glass window is installed on the front opening as a viewing window, wherein the viewing window is used to cooperate with the optical probe and the grating monochromator for data collection during the experiment.

[0012] Furthermore, the dual-opposed-piston rapid compressor ignition experimental device is provided with one or more gas cylinders, and the gas in each gas cylinder is input into the gas mixing tank through a pipeline in proportion and premixed for a period of time.

[0013] Preferably, the oil pressure tank can also provide buffering during rapid compression.

[0014] On the other hand, the present invention provides an experimental method using the dual-opposed-piston rapid compressor ignition experimental device according to claim 1, the method comprising:

[0015] Step 1, turning on the vacuum pump (11) to evacuate the combustion chamber (9) and the air pressure chamber (3);

[0016] Step 2, filling the combustion chamber (9) with gas through the gas mixing tank (5) to a pressure required for the experiment;

[0017] Step 3, turning on the oil pressure pump (8) to pump oil into the oil pressure chamber (7), so that the pressure generated in the oil pressure chamber (7) is higher than the pressure generated in the air pressure chamber by the compressed air from the fast compressor (6) in the subsequent step 4;

[0018] Step 4, using the rapid compressor (6) to fill the compressed air compressed to 10 atmospheres into the air pressure chamber (3);

[0019] Step 5: Instantly release the oil pressure in the oil pressure chamber (7), so that the compressed air in the air pressure chamber (3) pushes the piston (10) at an extremely fast speed to compress the fuel in the combustion chamber (9), thereby completing ignition.

[0020] Furthermore, the combustion process images and data are analyzed and studied by an electronic computer (1) to obtain experimental results.

[0021] Furthermore, oil is pumped into the oil pressure chamber (7) so that the pressure generated in the oil pressure chamber (7) is 5 to 10 times the pressure that will be generated in the air pressure chamber by the compressed air from the fast compressor (6) in step 4.

[0022] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the double-opposed piston fast compressor has a novel structure, that is, each side of the fast compressor is a mirror copy of the other side, and its dual opposing nature is used to maintain constant high-pressure conditions at the end of compression in order to study the flame front reaction. Due to the reduction of induction time at higher pressures, in order to maintain a short continuous compression time, within this speed limit, a double-opposed piston is used. The complexity of strict processing tolerances is introduced in terms of centering, piston synchronization, and rapid but controllable deceleration of the two pistons at the end of the stroke. Such a structure can reduce the possibility of vibration and unmatched stopping force, and the independent piston plungers are mechanically balanced. Moreover, this experimental device not only covers a temperature range from 400K to 1000K, but also a wide range of pressures from 1 to 100atm. This ensures that we can conduct combustion and compression experiments under different working conditions, making the experimental results more representative and scalable. This wide range of experimental conditions provides researchers with more choices, enabling them to conduct more comprehensive and in-depth research under various actual conditions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a system structure diagram of the double opposed piston rapid compressor ignition experimental device according to the present invention.

[0024] Explanation of the reference numerals: 1. Electronic computer; 2. Amplifier and acquisition card; 3. Air pressure chamber; 4. Gas cylinder; 5. Gas mixing tank; 6. Rapid compressor; 7. Oil pressure chamber; 8. Oil pressure pump; 9. Combustion chamber; 10. Piston; 11. Vacuum pump. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific implementation modes, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0026] The present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0027] A double-opposed-piston rapid compressor ignition experimental device, comprising:

[0028] The combustion system includes: a combustion chamber 9 and a piston 10, with openings at both ends of the combustion chamber 9 connected to the pipe where the piston 10 is located, and a window is provided at the front opening of the combustion chamber 9. In a preferred embodiment, the combustion chamber 9 is a hollow rectangular parallelepiped structure with openings at both ends, and a quartz glass window is installed at the front opening as a window, wherein the window is used to cooperate with the optical probe and the grating monochromator for data collection during the experiment. The combustion conditions and the composition of the combustion products in the combustion chamber can be directly observed through the window;

[0029] The air pressure system includes: an air pressure chamber 3 and a rapid compressor 6, the air pressure chamber 3 is a double opposed structure, such as Figure 1 As shown, the two compressors can balance each other. Through the two interacting air pressure chambers 3, the fast compressor model can achieve a higher compression ratio, improving the overall efficiency and compression speed of the system. The fast compressor 6 is the key, which can compress air to 10 atmospheres and provide the ignition power of the device;

[0030] The sampling and exhaust system comprises: a gas cylinder (4); a gas mixing tank (5); and a vacuum pump (11); wherein the gas in the gas cylinder (4) is charged into the gas mixing tank (5) through a pipeline, the vacuum pump (11) is connected to the combustion chamber (9) and the air pressure chamber 3 through an exhaust pipe, and is used to evacuate the combustion chamber (9) and the air pressure chamber 3 to a vacuum state, the gas mixing tank (5) stores premixed gas, and is used to charge the premixed gas into the combustion chamber (9) through a pipeline, and of course, these can be opened or closed by opening or closing the locking valve; in a preferred implementation mode, a plurality of gas cylinders 4 are provided, and before the experiment starts, the gas in each gas cylinder (4) is proportionally fed into the gas mixing tank 5 through a pipeline and premixed for a period of time;

[0031] The hydraulic system includes: a hydraulic tank 7 and a hydraulic pump 8. The hydraulic pump 8 can pump oil into the hydraulic tank 7. The hydraulic tank 7 can not only provide pressure to lock the piston 10, but also provide buffering during rapid compression to protect the experimental equipment.

[0032] Furthermore, the double-opposed-piston rapid compressor ignition experimental device also includes an information acquisition system, which includes: a pressure sensor, which is arranged on the combustion chamber 9 and is used to monitor the pressure in the combustion chamber; an optical probe and a grating monochromator, which are arranged on the combustion chamber 9 and are used to collect physical parameters during combustion; a position sensor, which is arranged on the piston 10 and is used to calibrate the position of the piston 10 in real time; an electronic computer 1 and an amplifier and an acquisition card 2, and the electronic computer 1 and the amplifier are data-connected with the acquisition card 2, and the data collected by the pressure sensor, the optical probe, the grating monochromator, and the position sensor are input into the electronic computer 1 through the amplifier and the acquisition card 2 for analyzing the physical parameters of the combustion process.

[0033] On the other hand, the present invention also provides an experimental method using the above-mentioned dual-opposed piston rapid compressor ignition experimental device, the method comprising: before the experiment begins, the gas in the gas cylinder (4) is input into the mixing tank (5) in proportion through a pipeline, and premixed for a period of time, and then the experiment begins: the vacuum pump 11 is turned on to start pumping gas, and after the pressure in the combustion chamber 9 and the air pressure chamber 3 is displayed as a negative value, the valve is first closed and then the vacuum pump is closed to ensure the vacuum conditions in the combustion chamber and the air pressure chamber; the valve of the mixing tank 5 is opened, and the combustion chamber is inflated to the pressure required for the experiment. When the pressure gauge reaches the required pressure, the combustion chamber is filled with gas. After the pressure is applied, the valve of the mixing tank is closed; the oil pressure pump 8 is turned on to pump oil into the oil pressure chamber 7 so that the pressure generated in the oil pressure chamber 7 is higher than the pressure generated in the air pressure chamber by the compressed air from the rapid compressor; the compressed air compressed to 10 atmospheres is filled into the air pressure chamber 3 through the rapid compressor 6, and then closed after completion; the optical probe and grating monochromator and other instruments are debugged so that they are in the data collection state on the computer 1; the oil pressure of the oil pressure chamber 7 is instantly unloaded so that the compressed air in the air pressure chamber 3 pushes the piston 10 to compress the fuel in the combustion chamber 9 at a very fast speed to complete the ignition. Further, the above experimental method also includes turning on the vacuum pump 11 to extract the exhaust gas after the experiment is completed. In a preferred embodiment, the experimental method also includes analyzing and studying the collected data through the electronic computer 1 to obtain the experimental results. Preferably, pumping oil into the oil pressure chamber 7 makes the pressure generated in the oil pressure chamber 7 5 to 10 times the pressure that will be generated in the air pressure chamber by the compressed air from the rapid compressor 6 in the subsequent steps.

[0034] The present invention aims to build a simulation experimental platform for simulating and exploring the ignition moment of an aeroengine. The experimental platform can be used to study the combustion performance and ignition activity of any kind of engine fuel (cars, airplanes, rockets), which can save costs and meet laboratory needs. The principle is to create a high temperature and high pressure environment by quickly compressing air to make the fuel burn so as to study its combustion performance. The device of the present invention can also be used to study new propellants and new fuels.

[0035] It should be noted that the above-described embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, without departing from the principles of the present invention, the present invention may be modified, improved and replaced with equivalents, and these modifications, improvements and equivalents are also considered to fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dual-opposed piston rapid compressor ignition test device, It is characterized in that include: A combustion system, comprising: a combustion chamber (9) and a piston (10), wherein both ends of the combustion chamber (9) are provided with openings, the openings being connected to a pipe where the piston (10) is located, and a viewing window is provided on the front opening of the combustion chamber (9); A pneumatic system, comprising: a pneumatic chamber (3) and a rapid compressor (6), wherein the pneumatic chamber (3) is a double-opposed structure; and the rapid compressor (6) is capable of compressing air to a pressure of 10 atmospheres; A sampling and exhaust system, comprising: a gas cylinder (4); a gas mixing tank (5); and a vacuum pump (11); wherein the gas in the gas cylinder (4) is filled into the gas mixing tank (5) through a pipeline, the vacuum pump (11) is connected to the combustion chamber (9) and the air pressure chamber (3) through an exhaust pipe, and is used to evacuate the combustion chamber (9) and the air pressure chamber (3) to a vacuum state, and the gas mixing tank (5) stores premixed gas, and is used to fill the premixed gas into the combustion chamber (9) through a pipeline; The oil pressure system comprises: an oil pressure tank (7) and an oil pressure pump (8), wherein the oil pressure pump (8) can pump oil into the oil pressure tank (7), and the oil pressure tank (7) is used to provide pressure to lock the piston (10).

2. The dual opposed piston rapid compressor ignition test device according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The invention also comprises an information acquisition system, wherein the information acquisition system comprises: a pressure sensor, which is arranged on the combustion chamber (9) and is used to monitor the pressure in the combustion chamber; an optical probe and a grating monochromator, which are arranged on the combustion chamber (9) and are used to collect physical property parameters during combustion; a position sensor, which is arranged on the piston (10) and is used to calibrate the position of the piston (10); an electronic computer (1) and an amplifier and an acquisition card (2), wherein the electronic computer (1) and the amplifier and the acquisition card (2) are data-connected, and the data collected by the pressure sensor, the optical probe, the grating monochromator and the position sensor are input into the electronic computer (1) through the amplifier and the acquisition card (2) for analyzing the physical property parameters of the combustion process.

3. The dual opposed piston rapid compressor ignition test device according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The combustion chamber (9) is a hollow rectangular parallelepiped structure with openings at both ends, and a quartz glass window is installed on the front opening as a viewing window, wherein the viewing window is used to cooperate with the optical probe and the grating monochromator to collect data during the experiment.

4. The dual opposed piston rapid compressor ignition test device according to claim 1, It is characterized in that One or more gas cylinders (4) are provided, and the gas in each gas cylinder (4) is input into the gas mixing tank (5) through a pipeline in proportion and premixed for a period of time.

5. The dual opposed piston rapid compressor ignition test device according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The oil pressure tank (7) can also provide buffering during rapid compression.

6. An experimental method using the dual opposed piston rapid compressor ignition experimental device according to claim 1, It is characterized in that include: Step 1, turning on the vacuum pump (11) to evacuate the combustion chamber (9) and the air pressure chamber (3); Step 2, filling the combustion chamber (9) with gas through the gas mixing tank (5) to a pressure required for the experiment; Step 3, turning on the oil pressure pump (8) to instantly pump oil into the oil pressure chamber (7), so that the pressure generated in the oil pressure chamber (7) is higher than the pressure generated in the air pressure chamber by the compressed air from the fast compressor (6) in the subsequent step 4; Step 4, using the rapid compressor (6) to fill the compressed air compressed to 10 atmospheres into the air pressure chamber (3); Step 5: Instantly release the oil pressure in the oil pressure chamber (7), so that the compressed air in the air pressure chamber (3) pushes the piston (10) at an extremely fast speed to compress the fuel in the combustion chamber (9), thereby completing ignition.

7. The experimental method according to claim 6, It is characterized in that Also includes: Step 6: Analyze and study the collected data through an electronic computer (1) to obtain experimental results.

8. The experimental method according to claim 6, It is characterized in that Oil is pumped into the oil pressure chamber (7) instantaneously, so that the pressure generated in the oil pressure chamber (7) is 5 to 10 times the pressure generated in the air pressure chamber by the compressed air from the fast compressor (6).

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