Comprehensive energy system for photovoltaic green hydrogen production and storage in cooperation with thermal power plant peak regulation and operation method

Abstract

The invention discloses a comprehensive energy system with photovoltaic green hydrogen production and storage cooperating with thermal power plant peak regulation and an operation method, and the comprehensive energy system integrates thermal power generation, photovoltaic power generation, fuel cell power generation, water electrolysis hydrogen production, energy storage, hydrogen storage and heat storage. The fuel cell and the energy storage cell independently or jointly assist the thermal power generating unit in compensating the power grid, and the energy storage cell and the electrolytic cell consume redundant electric energy of the thermal power generating unit. Because photovoltaic power generation has instability and intermittency, and a photovoltaic array in the system is not connected to a power grid, the system enables energy to be used while being stored or to be used after being stored under the condition that the volatility of the power grid is not increased, so that peak load shifting is achieved, stable and reliable power supply is ensured, and the flexibility of a thermal power generating unit is improved. And the renewable energy consumption capability of the system is enhanced. According to the system, complementation and supply and demand cooperation of multiple kinds of energy can be achieved, the comprehensive energy efficiency of the system is effectively improved, and the requirements for electricity, hydrogen and heat are met at the same time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of comprehensive energy utilization, and in particular relates to an integrated energy system and operation method for photovoltaic green hydrogen production and storage in coordination with thermal power plant peak regulation. Background Art

[0002] To support the "dual carbon" goal, my country is accelerating the transformation and development of the energy industry. Electricity is the central link of energy transformation and a key area for carbon emission reduction. Traditional thermal power technology is mature and highly reliable. It still occupies a dominant position in my country's energy structure and is the main force in the development of electricity. However, the application of thermal power is subject to many restrictions: First, a prominent problem of thermal power is that it is affected by factors such as the large proportion of cogeneration units, and its peak-shaving capacity is poor. In actual operation, it is difficult to fully meet the peak-shaving needs of the power system; secondly, the energy conversion efficiency of thermal power is low, and a large amount of waste heat is generated during the combustion process. This waste heat cannot be effectively utilized, resulting in energy waste; then, thermal power is mainly coal-fired, and coal is a non-renewable resource. Not only will excessive use lead to resource depletion, but its combustion products will also pollute and harm the environment.

[0003] The country is vigorously supporting the development of thermal power combined with new energy, achieving large-scale grid connection, and absorbing renewable resources. How to improve the flexibility and energy utilization rate of thermal power units and enhance the system's peak load regulation and renewable energy absorption capabilities are technical problems that need to be solved urgently. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an integrated energy system and operation method for photovoltaic green hydrogen production and storage in coordination with thermal power plant peak load regulation, which can improve the flexibility and energy utilization rate of thermal power units and enhance the system's peak load regulation and renewable energy absorption capacity.

[0005] The present invention is implemented as follows: a comprehensive energy system for photovoltaic green hydrogen production and storage in coordination with thermal power plant peak load regulation, including a thermal power generation system, a photovoltaic array, an electrolyzer, a fuel cell, a compressor, an energy storage system, a power grid, a hydrogenation machine, and a heat system; wherein the thermal power generation system includes a coal-fired boiler, a steam turbine, and a generator; the energy storage system includes an energy storage battery, a hydrogen storage bottle, and a heat storage tank; the heat system includes a primary network, a heat exchange station, a secondary network, and a heat user;

[0006] The power output end of the photovoltaic array is divided into two paths, which are respectively connected to the power input end of the energy storage battery and the electrolytic cell;

[0007] The power input end of the energy storage battery is divided into two paths, which are respectively connected to the power output end of the photovoltaic array and the power output end of the generator; the power output end of the energy storage battery is divided into two paths, which are respectively connected to the power input end of the power grid and the power input end of the electrolyzer;

[0008] The electric energy input end of the electrolyzer is divided into three paths, which are respectively connected to the electric energy output ends of the photovoltaic array, the energy storage battery and the generator; the hydrogen output end of the electrolyzer is connected to the hydrogen input end of the compressor, and the hydrogen output end of the compressor is connected to the hydrogen input end of the hydrogen storage bottle to store the produced hydrogen in the hydrogen storage bottle; the oxygen output end of the electrolyzer is connected to the oxygen input end of the coal-fired boiler;

[0009] The power input end of the power grid is divided into three paths, which are respectively connected to the power output ends of the energy storage battery, the fuel cell and the generator;

[0010] The heat energy output end of the coal-fired boiler is connected to the heat energy input end of the steam turbine, and the mechanical energy output by the steam turbine provides power for the generator to generate electricity; the output end of the generator is divided into three power output ends and one heat output end, and the three power output ends of the generator are respectively connected to the power grid, the electrolyzer and the power input end of the energy storage battery, and one heat output end of the generator is connected to the heat energy input end of the heat storage tank;

[0011] The hydrogen output end of the hydrogen storage bottle is divided into three paths, which are respectively connected to the hydrogen input end of the fuel cell, the generator and the hydrogen filling machine;

[0012] The heat energy input end of the heat storage tank is divided into five paths, which are respectively connected to the heat energy output ends of the coal-fired boiler, the steam turbine, the electrolyzer, the fuel cell and the generator; the heat energy output end of the heat storage tank is connected to the heat energy input end of the primary network, the heat energy output end of the primary network is connected to the heat energy input end of the heat exchange station, the heat energy output end of the heat exchange station is connected to the heat energy input end of the secondary network, and the heat energy output end of the secondary network is connected to the heat energy input end of the heat user.

[0013] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose of the invention, the present invention also provides an operation method of the above-mentioned comprehensive energy system, which includes a peak load regulation process of a thermal power plant:

[0014] The photovoltaic array generates electricity during the sunshine hours, and the generated electricity is transmitted to the energy storage battery for charging, and another way is transmitted to the electrolyzer to electrolyze water to produce hydrogen and oxygen. The produced hydrogen is stored in the hydrogen storage tank, and the produced oxygen is transmitted to the coal-fired boiler to create an oxygen-rich combustion atmosphere for it and play a role in combustion.

[0015] When the load on the power grid increases, the power generation of the thermal power plant cannot meet the load demand. The hydrogen storage tank provides hydrogen for the fuel cell to generate electricity. If the power generation of the thermal power plant and the fuel cell still cannot meet the load demand of the power grid, the energy storage battery will be used as an auxiliary power source to jointly generate electricity with the fuel cell to compensate the power grid.

[0016] When the load on the power grid decreases, the power generation of the thermal power plant exceeds the load demand, and the remaining electricity is first transmitted to the energy storage battery for charging. If the energy storage battery is full, it is transmitted to the electrolyzer for hydrogen production, so as to convert electricity into hydrogen energy for storage to meet the demand for hydrogen.

[0017] Furthermore, the operation method also includes a hydrogen treatment process:

[0018] The hydrogen in the hydrogen storage tank is divided into three uses. The first is for fuel cell power generation; the second is for hydrogen refueling stations to provide fuel for fuel cell vehicles and transport coal to thermal power plants; the last is to provide cooling medium for the generator. The hydrogen is injected into the generator through the connecting pipe from the hydrogen storage bottle, and flows in the generator chamber by relying on the fans at both ends of the rotor to cool the stator winding, rotor winding and iron core. It is then cooled by the hydrogen cooler installed at the four corners of the stator frame and circulated again; if the generator leaks hydrogen or other factors cause low hydrogen pressure, gas can be replenished from the connecting pipe; if the hydrogen purity is unqualified, the hydrogen will be discharged from the generator into the atmosphere and then re-injected with high-purity hydrogen; among them, the hydrogen content in the hydrogen storage bottle must be higher than the fixed amount of hydrogen required for generator replenishment.

[0019] Furthermore, the operating method also includes a thermal energy treatment process:

[0020] The heat medium is used to recover the high-temperature flue gas waste heat of the coal-fired boiler, the high-temperature exhaust steam waste heat of the steam turbine, and the heat generated during the operation of the generator, electrolyzer and fuel cell through the heat exchanger, and stored in the heat storage tank; the heat energy stored in the heat medium in the heat storage tank can be transported to the heat user end through the primary network, heat exchange station and secondary network in sequence, realizing the dual supply of cooling and heating, and meeting the living and production needs of the residents in the factory area;

[0021] Cooling process: The heat medium is taken out from the heat storage tank and sent to the primary network, then converted into cold water by the refrigeration machine of the heat exchange station and transferred to the secondary network, and finally transported to the heat user through the secondary network. The heat user then absorbs the indoor heat through the cooling equipment;

[0022] Heating process: The heat medium is taken out of the heat storage tank and sent to the primary network, and then the heat is transferred to the secondary network through the heat exchanger of the heat exchange station, and finally the heat is transported to the heat user through the secondary network, and the heat user then dissipates the heat into the room through the heating equipment.

[0023] Furthermore, the electrolytic cell is an alkaline electrolytic cell, and the chemical reaction in the electrolytic cell is: 2H 2 O→2H 2 +O 2 .

[0024] Furthermore, the fuel cell is a low-temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cell, and the chemical reaction in the fuel cell is: 2 +2H2 →2H 2 O.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the comprehensive energy system and operation method for photovoltaic green hydrogen production and storage in coordination with thermal power plant peak load regulation provided by the present invention have the following beneficial effects:

[0026] The comprehensive energy system integrates thermal power generation, photovoltaic power generation, fuel cell power generation, water electrolysis hydrogen production, energy storage, hydrogen storage, and heat storage. When the grid load fluctuates, fuel cells and energy storage batteries alone or in combination assist thermal power units to compensate the grid, and energy storage batteries and electrolyzers absorb excess power from thermal power units. Among them, fuel cells have slow dynamic response and cannot output instantaneous high power, mainly playing a peak-shaving role, while energy storage batteries have high energy density and fast response speed, can achieve instantaneous high power output, and mainly play a frequency regulation role. First, due to the instability and intermittent nature of photovoltaic power generation, the photovoltaic array in the system is not connected to the power grid. Therefore, this system "stores and uses" energy or "stores first and uses later" without increasing the volatility of the power grid, thereby achieving "peak shaving and valley filling" to ensure stable and reliable power supply, effectively solving the problem of poor peak-shaving capacity of thermal power units, improving the flexibility of thermal power units, and enhancing the system's renewable energy absorption capacity; secondly, the system involves solar energy, hydrogen energy, electrical energy, and thermal energy, realizing the complementarity and supply and demand coordination of multiple energy sources, effectively improving the system's comprehensive energy efficiency, and being able to meet the needs of electricity, hydrogen, and heat at the same time; then, the electricity generated by photovoltaics is used to electrolyze water in an electrolyzer to produce hydrogen, which is then stored. In this process, the use of renewable energy (solar energy) to produce green hydrogen is zero-carbon emission, realizing the use of clean energy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 It is a structural block diagram of the comprehensive energy system for photovoltaic green hydrogen production and storage coordinated with thermal power plant peak regulation provided by an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0029] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention; the terms "first", "second", and "third" are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance; in addition, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be a connection between the two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0030] Combination Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a comprehensive energy system for photovoltaic green hydrogen production and storage in coordination with thermal power plant peak load regulation, including a thermal power generation system, a photovoltaic array, an electrolyzer, a fuel cell, a compressor, an energy storage system, a power grid, a hydrogen refueling machine and a heat system; wherein the thermal power generation system includes a coal-fired boiler, a steam turbine and a generator; the energy storage system includes energy storage batteries, hydrogen storage bottles and heat storage tanks; the heat system includes a primary network, a heat exchange station, a secondary network and heat users.

[0031] Specifically, the power output end of the photovoltaic array is divided into two paths, which are respectively connected to the power input end of the energy storage battery and the electrolytic cell.

[0032] The power input end of the energy storage battery is divided into two paths, which are respectively connected to the power output end of the photovoltaic array and the power output end of the generator; the power output end of the energy storage battery is divided into two paths, which are respectively connected to the power input end of the power grid and the power input end of the electrolyzer.

[0033] The electric energy input end of the electrolyzer is divided into three paths, which are respectively connected to the electric energy output ends of the photovoltaic array, the energy storage battery and the generator; the hydrogen output end of the electrolyzer is connected to the hydrogen input end of the compressor, and the hydrogen output end of the compressor is connected to the hydrogen input end of the hydrogen storage bottle to store the produced hydrogen in the hydrogen storage bottle; the oxygen output end of the electrolyzer is connected to the oxygen input end of the coal-fired boiler.

[0034] The power input end of the power grid is divided into three routes, which are respectively connected to the power output ends of the energy storage battery, fuel cell and generator.

[0035] The heat energy output end of the coal-fired boiler is connected to the heat energy input end of the steam turbine, and the mechanical energy output by the steam turbine provides power for the generator to generate electricity; the output end of the generator is divided into three electric energy output ends and one heat energy output end, and the three electric energy output ends of the generator are respectively connected to the power grid, the electrolytic cell and the electric energy input end of the energy storage battery, and one heat energy output end of the generator is connected to the heat energy input end of the heat storage tank.

[0036] The hydrogen output end of the hydrogen storage bottle is divided into three routes, which are respectively connected to the hydrogen input ends of the fuel cell, generator and hydrogen refueling machine.

[0037] The heat energy input end of the heat storage tank is divided into five routes, which are respectively connected to the heat energy output ends of the coal-fired boiler, steam turbine, electrolyzer, fuel cell and generator; the heat energy output end of the heat storage tank is connected to the heat energy input end of the primary network, the heat energy output end of the primary network is connected to the heat energy input end of the heat exchange station, the heat energy output end of the heat exchange station is connected to the heat energy input end of the secondary network, and the heat energy output end of the secondary network is connected to the heat energy input end of the heat user.

[0038] Preferably, the electrolytic cell of this embodiment is an alkaline electrolytic cell, and the chemical reaction in the electrolytic cell is: 2H 2 O→2H 2 +O 2 The fuel cell is a low-temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cell. The chemical reaction in the fuel cell is: 2 +2H 2 →2H 2 O.

[0039] This embodiment also provides an operation method of the above-mentioned integrated energy system, including a peak-shaving process of a thermal power plant, a hydrogen processing process, and a thermal energy processing process.

[0040] Peak load regulation process of thermal power plants:

[0041] The photovoltaic array generates electricity during the sunshine hours, and the generated electricity is transmitted to the energy storage battery for charging, and another way is transmitted to the electrolyzer to electrolyze water to produce hydrogen and oxygen. The produced hydrogen is stored in the hydrogen storage tank, and the produced oxygen is transmitted to the coal-fired boiler to create an oxygen-rich combustion atmosphere for it and play a role in combustion.

[0042] When the load on the power grid increases, the power generation of the thermal power plant cannot meet the load demand. The hydrogen storage tank provides hydrogen for the fuel cell to generate electricity. If the power generation of the thermal power plant and the fuel cell still cannot meet the load demand of the power grid, the energy storage battery will be used as an auxiliary power source to jointly generate electricity with the fuel cell to compensate the power grid.

[0043] When the load on the power grid decreases, the power generation of the thermal power plant exceeds the load demand, and the remaining electricity is first transmitted to the energy storage battery for charging. If the energy storage battery is full, it is transmitted to the electrolyzer for hydrogen production, so as to convert electricity into hydrogen energy for storage to meet the demand for hydrogen.

[0044] Hydrogen treatment process:

[0045] The hydrogen in the hydrogen storage tank is divided into three uses. The first is for fuel cell power generation; the second is for hydrogen refueling stations to provide fuel for fuel cell vehicles and transport coal to thermal power plants; the last is to provide cooling medium for the generator. The hydrogen is injected into the generator through the connecting pipe from the hydrogen storage bottle, and flows in the generator chamber by relying on the fans at both ends of the rotor to cool the stator winding, rotor winding and iron core. It is then cooled by the hydrogen cooler installed at the four corners of the stator frame and circulated again; if the generator leaks hydrogen or other factors cause low hydrogen pressure, gas can be replenished from the connecting pipe; if the hydrogen purity is unqualified, the hydrogen will be discharged from the generator into the atmosphere and then re-injected with high-purity hydrogen; among them, the hydrogen content in the hydrogen storage bottle must be higher than the fixed amount of hydrogen required for generator replenishment.

[0046] Thermal treatment process:

[0047] The heat medium is used to recover the high-temperature flue gas waste heat of the coal-fired boiler, the high-temperature exhaust steam waste heat of the steam turbine, and the heat generated during the operation of the generator, electrolyzer and fuel cell through the heat exchanger, and stored in the heat storage tank; the heat energy stored in the heat medium in the heat storage tank can be transported to the heat user end through the primary network, heat exchange station and secondary network in sequence, realizing the dual supply of cooling and heating, and meeting the living and production needs of the residents in the factory area;

[0048] Cooling process: The heat medium is taken out from the heat storage tank and sent to the primary network, then converted into cold water by the refrigeration machine of the heat exchange station and transferred to the secondary network, and finally transported to the heat user through the secondary network. The heat user then absorbs the indoor heat through the cooling equipment;

[0049] Heating process: The heat medium is taken out of the heat storage tank and sent to the primary network, and then the heat is transferred to the secondary network through the heat exchanger of the heat exchange station, and finally the heat is transported to the heat user through the secondary network, and the heat user then dissipates the heat into the room through the heating equipment.

[0050] In summary, the integrated energy system of this embodiment has the following advantages:

[0051] (1) It integrates thermal power generation, photovoltaic power generation, fuel cell power generation, water electrolysis hydrogen production, energy storage, hydrogen storage, and heat storage. When the grid load fluctuates, fuel cells and energy storage batteries alone or in combination assist thermal power units to compensate the grid, and energy storage batteries and electrolyzers absorb excess electricity from thermal power units. Among them, fuel cells have slow dynamic response and cannot output instantaneous high power, and mainly play a peak-shaving role. Energy storage batteries have high energy density and fast response speed, and can achieve instantaneous high power output, and mainly play a frequency regulation role. First, due to the instability and intermittent nature of photovoltaic power generation, the photovoltaic array in the system is not connected to the power grid. Therefore, this system "stores and uses" energy or "stores first and uses later" without increasing the volatility of the power grid, thereby achieving "peak shaving and valley filling" to ensure stable and reliable power supply, effectively solving the problem of poor peak-shaving capacity of thermal power units, improving the flexibility of thermal power units, and enhancing the system's renewable energy absorption capacity; secondly, the system involves solar energy, hydrogen energy, electrical energy, and thermal energy, realizing the complementarity and supply and demand coordination of multiple energy sources, effectively improving the system's comprehensive energy efficiency, and being able to meet the needs of electricity, hydrogen, and heat at the same time; then, the electricity generated by photovoltaics is used to electrolyze water in an electrolyzer to produce hydrogen, which is then stored. In this process, the use of renewable energy (solar energy) to produce green hydrogen is zero-carbon emission, realizing the use of clean energy.

[0052] (2) The heat medium (hot water or steam) is used to recover the high-temperature flue gas waste heat of the coal-fired boiler, the high-temperature exhaust steam waste heat of the steam turbine, and the heat generated during the operation of the generator, electrolyzer and fuel cell through a heat exchanger, and the heat is stored in a heat storage tank. The heat energy stored in the heat medium in the heat storage tank is transmitted to the heat user end through the primary network, heat exchange station (heat exchanger and refrigerator) and secondary network. This process not only recovers and utilizes the waste heat from thermal power, electrolyzer and fuel cell, improves the overall energy efficiency of the system, reduces energy waste, but also realizes the dual supply of cooling and heating in a large range, has flexible adjustment capabilities, and can well meet the living and production needs of residents in the factory area.

[0053] (3) Hydrogen produced by water electrolysis can be used for three purposes. First, it can be used for fuel cell power generation. Second, it can be used in hydrogen refueling stations to provide fuel for fuel cell vehicles and transport coal to thermal power plants. Finally, it can be used as a cooling medium for generators. The oxygen produced in the process of water electrolysis to produce hydrogen can be introduced into coal-fired boilers to create an oxygen-rich combustion atmosphere and play a role in combustion.

[0054] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A comprehensive energy system that combines photovoltaic green hydrogen production and storage with thermal power plant peak load regulation. It is characterized in that It includes thermal power generation system, photovoltaic array, electrolyzer, fuel cell, compressor, energy storage system, power grid, hydrogen refueling machine and heat system; among which, the thermal power generation system includes coal-fired boiler, steam turbine and generator; the energy storage system includes energy storage battery, hydrogen storage bottle and heat storage tank; the heat system includes primary network, heat exchange station, secondary network and heat users; The power output end of the photovoltaic array is divided into two paths, which are respectively connected to the power input end of the energy storage battery and the electrolytic cell; The power input end of the energy storage battery is divided into two paths, which are respectively connected to the power output end of the photovoltaic array and the power output end of the generator; the power output end of the energy storage battery is divided into two paths, which are respectively connected to the power input end of the power grid and the power input end of the electrolyzer; The electric energy input end of the electrolyzer is divided into three paths, which are respectively connected to the electric energy output ends of the photovoltaic array, the energy storage battery and the generator; the hydrogen output end of the electrolyzer is connected to the hydrogen input end of the compressor, and the hydrogen output end of the compressor is connected to the hydrogen input end of the hydrogen storage bottle to store the produced hydrogen in the hydrogen storage bottle; the oxygen output end of the electrolyzer is connected to the oxygen input end of the coal-fired boiler; The power input end of the power grid is divided into three paths, which are respectively connected to the power output ends of the energy storage battery, the fuel cell and the generator; The heat energy output end of the coal-fired boiler is connected to the heat energy input end of the steam turbine, and the mechanical energy output by the steam turbine provides power for the generator to generate electricity; the output end of the generator is divided into three power output ends and one heat output end, and the three power output ends of the generator are respectively connected to the power grid, the electrolyzer and the power input end of the energy storage battery, and one heat output end of the generator is connected to the heat energy input end of the heat storage tank; The hydrogen output end of the hydrogen storage bottle is divided into three paths, which are respectively connected to the hydrogen input end of the fuel cell, the generator and the hydrogen filling machine; The heat energy input end of the heat storage tank is divided into five paths, which are respectively connected to the heat energy output ends of the coal-fired boiler, the steam turbine, the electrolyzer, the fuel cell and the generator; the heat energy output end of the heat storage tank is connected to the heat energy input end of the primary network, the heat energy output end of the primary network is connected to the heat energy input end of the heat exchange station, the heat energy output end of the heat exchange station is connected to the heat energy input end of the secondary network, and the heat energy output end of the secondary network is connected to the heat energy input end of the heat user.

2. A method for operating the integrated energy system according to claim 1, It is characterized in that Including the peak load regulation process of thermal power plants: The photovoltaic array generates electricity during the sunshine hours, and the generated electricity is transmitted to the energy storage battery for charging, and another way is transmitted to the electrolyzer to electrolyze water to produce hydrogen and oxygen. The produced hydrogen is stored in the hydrogen storage tank, and the produced oxygen is transmitted to the coal-fired boiler to create an oxygen-rich combustion atmosphere for it and play a role in combustion. When the load on the power grid increases, the power generation of the thermal power plant cannot meet the load demand. The hydrogen storage tank provides hydrogen for the fuel cell to generate electricity. If the power generation of the thermal power plant and the fuel cell still cannot meet the load demand of the power grid, the energy storage battery will be used as an auxiliary power source to jointly generate electricity with the fuel cell to compensate the power grid. When the load on the power grid decreases, the power generation of the thermal power plant exceeds the load demand, and the remaining electricity is first transmitted to the energy storage battery for charging. If the energy storage battery is full, it is transmitted to the electrolyzer for hydrogen production, so as to convert electricity into hydrogen energy for storage to meet the demand for hydrogen.

3. The method for operating the integrated energy system according to claim 2, It is characterized in that Also includes thermal energy treatment processes: The heat medium is used to recover the high-temperature flue gas waste heat of the coal-fired boiler, the high-temperature exhaust steam waste heat of the steam turbine, and the heat generated during the operation of the generator, electrolyzer and fuel cell through the heat exchanger, and stored in the heat storage tank; the heat energy stored in the heat medium in the heat storage tank can be transported to the heat user end through the primary network, heat exchange station and secondary network in sequence, realizing the dual supply of cooling and heating, and meeting the living and production needs of the residents in the factory area; Cooling process: The heat medium is taken out from the heat storage tank and sent to the primary network, then converted into cold water by the refrigeration machine of the heat exchange station and transferred to the secondary network, and finally transported to the heat user through the secondary network. The heat user then absorbs the indoor heat through the cooling equipment; Heating process: The heat medium is taken out of the heat storage tank and sent to the primary network, and then the heat is transferred to the secondary network through the heat exchanger of the heat exchange station, and finally the heat is transported to the heat user through the secondary network, and the heat user then dissipates the heat into the room through the heating equipment.

4. The method for operating the integrated energy system according to claim 2, It is characterized in that Also includes hydrogen treatment process: The hydrogen in the hydrogen storage tank is divided into three uses. The first is to use it for fuel cell power generation; the second is to use it in hydrogen refueling stations to provide fuel for fuel cell vehicles and transport coal to thermal power plants; the last is to provide cooling medium for generators. Hydrogen is injected from the hydrogen storage bottle into the generator through the connecting pipe, and flows in the generator chamber through the fans at both ends of the rotor to cool the stator winding, rotor winding and iron core, and then it is cooled by the hydrogen coolers set at the four corners of the stator frame and circulated again; If the generator leaks hydrogen or other factors cause low hydrogen pressure, gas can be replenished from the connecting pipeline; if the hydrogen purity is unqualified, the hydrogen will be discharged from the generator into the atmosphere and then re-injected with high-purity hydrogen; the hydrogen content in the hydrogen storage bottle must be higher than the fixed amount of hydrogen required to replenish the generator.

5. The method for operating the integrated energy system according to claim 2, It is characterized in that The electrolytic cell is an alkaline electrolytic cell, and the chemical reaction in the electrolytic cell is: 2H 2 O→2H 2 +O 2 .

6. The method for operating the integrated energy system according to claim 2, It is characterized in that The fuel cell is a low-temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cell. The chemical reaction in the fuel cell is: 2 +2H 2 →2H 2 O.

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