Plate spring
By designing a variable spiral-shaped curved disc spring arm, the force-displacement characteristics of the leaf spring are optimized, and the problem of difficulty in achieving optimization characteristics in the prior art is solved, and the effect of compact design and high resilience is achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202380037525.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Priority Date
- 2022-10-24
- Filing Date
- 2023-09-06
- Publication Date
- 2024-12-13
AI Technical Summary
Existing leaf or disc springs are difficult to achieve an optimized force-displacement characteristic curve in measuring equipment, and the required spring characteristics cannot be met under the limitations of installation space and material parameters.
A disc spring consisting of a substantially circular plate-shaped spring sheet is designed, and the spring sheet forms a plurality of spiral-shaped curved spring arms with variable width, the curved arms extend around the center, and the angle of the spring arms is adjusted and Width, as well as the width extending along the arc, optimize spring characteristics, reduce stress, and achieve a compact design and large spring forces.
Through the optimized design, the size and stress of the component are reduced, the recovery force of the spring is improved, the required spring characteristics within the smaller structural dimensions are achieved, the installation height is reduced, and the performance of the measuring equipment is improved.
Smart Images
Figure CN119137390A_ABST
Abstract
Description
[0001] manual:
[0002] The invention relates to a leaf spring or disc spring with an optimized design, in particular to a leaf spring or disc spring applied to measuring equipment or sensors in the automotive industry.
[0003] In the prior art, a large number of different leaf springs are known. Disc springs or leaf springs are known to be used in particular for resetting diaphragms or other movable devices in measuring devices.
[0004] DE 10 2008 025 045 A1 discloses a measuring device having a housing and a membrane arranged in and / or on the housing. An elastic element for resetting the membrane is also arranged in the housing. A signal transmitter is operatively connected to the membrane and / or the elastic element. The signal transmitter interacts with a signal receiver to generate a measurement signal. When the pressure and / or temperature of the fluid to be measured changes, these sensors experience a certain hysteresis, which results in a distortion of the measurement signal.
[0005] DE 689 08 697 T2 describes a spiral spring used as an elastic restoring element. The spiral spring has a spiral wave ring structure between the center and its edge.
[0006] DE 10 2010 0022428 A1 discloses a leaf spring with an elastic element for a measuring device. The elastic element has a structure for increasing stiffness. In other words, structures are introduced in certain areas of the geometry of the elastic element to increase its stiffness. The present invention therefore discloses a space-saving, low-hysteresis spring-diaphragm system. In order to reduce the installation height or reduce the installation space, it is proposed herein to configure the elastic element in the form of a disc-shaped leaf spring. Suitably, the leaf spring shown has a circular shape. The leaf spring has a spring element that extends in a spiral from the center of the leaf spring to the edge region, so that the elastic element has a particularly high restoring force. This ensures a compact design and a large spring force.
[0007] In order to reduce the installation height of the measuring device, it is proposed that the leaf spring has, in addition to the round shape, a spring element extending in a spiral from the center of the leaf spring to the edge region in order to achieve a high restoring force. This ensures a compact design and a high spring force.
[0008] It has been found that it is difficult to realize a spring with a specific and optimized force-displacement characteristic curve within the existing installation space and material parameters using the solutions known from the prior art. The known solutions require a relatively large installation space and do not offer sufficient adaptation options for the required spring characteristics.
[0009] Therefore, the task of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned disadvantages and provide an optimized solution for leaf springs or disc springs.
[0010] This object is achieved by the combination of features described in patent claim 1 .
[0011] According to the invention, a disc spring (leaf spring) is therefore proposed which consists of an essentially circular leaf spring blade, wherein the leaf spring blade forms a plurality of helically bent spring arms of variable width B which extend around a center (center).
[0012] In a preferred solution, the curved spring arms extend over an arc angle α which is between 120° and 310°, preferably between 180° and 270°, more preferably between 200° and 240°. The spring properties of the disc spring can be adjusted as desired, on the one hand by selecting the angle and width of the spring arms and on the other hand by varying the width of the spring arms along their arc extension.
[0013] Due to the design of the spring arm according to the invention, in particular the following properties can be influenced:
[0014] - Reduced stress in the component, thus improving component efficiency (especially as the width of the middle part of the spring arm is reduced by about 25%)
[0015] Due to the optimized design and stress reduction, it is possible to achieve the desired spring characteristics by means of a reduced structural size (smaller radius).
[0016] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the width B of one, several or preferably all spring arms increases and / or decreases along the arc angle α at least in sections or over the entire length.
[0017] The following concept has proven to be particularly advantageous, in which the width B of one, several or all spring arms along their arc angle α first decreases in sections and then increases in sections again, and preferably has the same width B at the beginning and at the end. It is further advantageous if each spring arm has its minimum width B approximately in the middle between its two spring arm ends. Advantageous width ratios will be explained below in conjunction with the description of preferred embodiments.
[0018] In another preferred design of the present invention, it is provided that the two ends of each spring arm are respectively connected integrally and integrally with the spring sheet. In other words, the spring arm does not have a free end, but is fastened to the spring sheet or is integrally connected to the spring sheet at the end side.
[0019] It is advantageous if, viewed in the radial direction R, a respective arc-shaped gap extends between the individual spring arms over the entire length of the respective curved spring arm.
[0020] In a likewise preferred embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the spring arm extends at least in sections or completely along an Archimedean spiral or a spiral with increasing radius R, so that the radius increases outwardly when viewed in the circumferential direction. Further advantageously, in a solution, when viewed from the inside to the outside in radial direction R, the spring arm has an increasingly larger radius than a corresponding spring arm that is further inward and spiral-shaped.
[0021] A design is advantageous in which the spring arms are not mounted over the entire surface of the spring butterfly, but rather a substantially (approximately) circular spring leaf section is provided in the center of the butterfly spring, on which the radially more inner ends of the spring arms are arranged on the spring butterfly, preferably at equidistant arc angles.
[0022] The following design has proven to be advantageous, wherein the inner ends of the (three in this example) spring arms are arranged offset from each other by an arc angle of 120°, respectively. This means that the three spring arms are nested in each other, each offset from each other by an angle of 120°.
[0023] The arc-shaped gap arranged between the spring arms advantageously has a nose-shaped increasing width at its beginning and / or end.This end side shape can be configured as a nose, a teardrop or a pear.
[0024] In a preferred design, the maximum width B of the spring arm is approximately 2% to 4% of the length of the spring arm, but it can also be different from these dimensions if certain characteristics of the spring butterfly portion are to be modified in a targeted manner.
[0025] The width B of the spring arm preferably ranges between 20% and 30%, preferably approximately 25%.
[0026] As long as it is technically feasible and not contradictory, the features disclosed above can be combined as needed.
[0027] Further advantageous embodiments of the invention are described in the dependent claims or are explained in more detail below together with the description of preferred embodiments of the invention with reference to the drawings.
[0028] in:
[0029] Figure 1 A top view showing a first example of a disc spring according to the invention,
[0030] Figure 2 A top view showing an alternative example of a disc spring according to the invention,
[0031] Figure 3 A graph is shown which illustrates the relationship between reduction in spring arm width and stress reduction and component size.
[0032] The accompanying drawings are schematic examples. The same reference numerals in the accompanying drawings represent the same functions and / or structural features.
[0033] Figure 1 and Figure 2 An exemplary design of a disc spring 1 is shown. These disc springs 1 consist of a substantially circular plate-shaped spring leaf 10. As can be seen, the spring leaf 10 each has three helically bent spring arms 20. The spring arms 20 have a first spring arm end 20a (inner) and a second spring arm end 20b (radially further outward).
[0034] The width B of the spring arms 20 is not constant, but the width B of one of the spring arms initially decreases along the arc angle α (here 0.8 mm) to a size of 0.6 mm, and then increases in sections to a size of 0.8 mm. Each spring arm 20 has its minimum width B (0.6 mm) approximately in the middle between its two spring arm ends 20 a and 20 b. The two spring arm ends 20 a and 20 b of each spring arm 20 are integrally and integrally connected to the spring sheet 10. This can be achieved by punching out a gap 30 on the spring sheet.
[0035] The curved spring arms 20 extend overall over an arc angle of approximately 270°.
[0036] exist Figure 1 and Figure 2 It can be further seen in FIG. 1 that the spring arms 20 extend along a spiral with increasing radius R, wherein this can be an Archimedean spiral. In any case, viewed from the inside to the outside in radial direction R, the three spring arms 20 each have an increasingly larger radius than the corresponding innermost and spiral spring arm 20 .
[0037] The disc spring 1 is provided in the center with an essentially circular spring plate section 11 , on which the radially more inner ends 20 a of the spring arms 20 are arranged equidistantly at an arc angle of 120°.
[0038] The maximum width B of the spring arm 20 is about 0.8 mm, which is about 3% of the spring arm length 26.74 mm. These specifications are only exemplary and different options are also possible.
[0039] The following is with Figure 3 Table 1 is concerned, which shows how the stress (mechanical stress) varies with the width B of the middle portion of the spring arm.
[0040]
[0041] Table 1
[0042] In Table 1 and Figure 3In the example, the width B of the spring arm varies from 0% to 50% in the middle, i.e. 0.8 mm at the end and 0.8 mm to 0.4 mm from the middle. It is not difficult to see that the stress reduction is a maximum of 8.9% when the width of the spring arm is reduced by 25% toward the middle of the spring arm 20. In the case of this profile, the outer radius can be reduced by 3.8%.
[0043] The invention is not limited to the preferred embodiments described above. On the contrary, many variants are conceivable, and the solution shown can be used even in substantially different types of embodiments. Therefore, the invention also relates to a measuring device having a disc spring according to the invention as described above.
Claims
1. A disc spring (1), which is composed of a substantially circular plate-shaped spring leaf (10), wherein: The spring leaf (10) forms a plurality of helically bent spring arms (20) of variable width B, which extend around a center (Z).
2. The disc spring (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that: The curved spring arm (20) extends over an arc angle α which is between 120° and 310°, preferably between 180° and 270°, more preferably between 200° and 240°.
3. The disc spring (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The width B of one, several or all spring arms (20) increases and / or decreases along the arc angle α at least in sections or over the entire length.
4. The disc spring (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The width B of one, several or all spring arms (20) first decreases in sections along the arc angle α and then increases in sections again, and preferably has the same width B at the beginning and at the end.
5. The disc spring (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each spring arm (20) has its minimum width B approximately midway between its two spring arm ends (20a, 20b).
6. The disc spring (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that The two ends (20a, 20b) of each spring arm (20) are respectively and integrally connected to the spring sheet (10).
7. The disc spring (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that Between the spring arms (20), viewed from the radial direction R, corresponding arc-shaped gaps (30) are provided over the entire length of the curved spring arms (20).
8. The disc spring (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that The spring arm (20) extends at least in sections or completely along an Archimedean spiral or along a spiral with an increasing radius R.
9. The disc spring (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that When viewed from the inside to the outside in the radial direction R, the spring arm (20) has an increasingly larger radius than the corresponding innermost and helical spring arm (20).
10. The disc spring (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that The disc spring (1) is provided with a substantially circular spring plate section (11) in the center, and the radially inner ends of the spring arms (20) are arranged at equidistant arc angles on the spring plate section.
11. The disc spring (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that The inner ends (20a) of the spring arms (20) are arranged offset from one another by an arc angle of 120°.
12. The disc spring (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that Each arc-shaped gap (30) disposed between the spring arms (20) has a nose-shaped increasing width at its start and / or end.
13. The disc spring (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that The maximum width B of the spring arm (20) is approximately 2% to 4% of the length of the spring arm.
14. The disc spring (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that The width B of the spring arm (20) varies in the range between 20% and 30%, preferably about 25%.
15. A measuring device having a disk spring (1) according to any of the preceding claims.