Hole-shaped soil preparation method

Abstract

The invention discloses a hole-shaped soil preparation method which comprises the following steps: marking planting points in a plant planting area, drilling planting holes in the planting points, inserting a vibrating rod into the planting holes, starting a main machine of the vibrating rod, vibrating the area where the planting holes are located, removing the vibrating rod after vibration is finished, and injecting slurry into the planting holes by adopting a high-pressure grouting tool, the grout is fluid composed of water, soil and nutrient soil particles, when part of the grout emerges from the earth surface around the planting holes, grouting is ended, and then the high-pressure grouting tool is moved away. By the adoption of the scheme, the water retention time in the plant planting pit can be prolonged, the planted plants can be effectively guided to root and fix roots, and sand wind erosion and water and soil loss can be reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of gravel area land preparation, and in particular relates to a hole-shaped land preparation method. Background Art

[0002] Gravel areas usually refer to hilly areas with hard soil and a high proportion of gravel per unit volume (not higher than 35% and not lower than 20%), and geologically stable slopes. Such areas are mainly distributed in Tibet, Gansu and some southern mountainous areas. These areas generally face problems such as severe weathering and erosion and difficulty in plant growth.

[0003] At present, the main land preparation measures for ecological protection in gravel areas include: reinforcing the foundation in the planting area, laying vegetation bags, and then planting plants on the vegetation bags; making fish scale pits in the planting area, and then planting plants in the fish scale pits. However, the existing land preparation schemes have the problem of not being able to effectively retain water and moisture for a long time, and more importantly, they are not conducive to the rooting of the planted plants. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a hole-shaped land preparation method, which can at least effectively prolong water retention and storage at a planting point and promote plant rooting.

[0005] The present invention adopts the following technical solution.

[0006] A hole-shaped land preparation method, comprising the following steps: Step 1, mark the planting point in the plant planting area; Step 2, drilling a planting hole at the planting point, wherein the planting hole is preferably a cylindrical hole; Step 3, insert the vibrator into the planting hole, turn on the main unit of the vibrator, vibrate the area where the planting hole is located, and remove the vibrator after the vibration ends; Step 4, using a high-pressure grouting tool to inject slurry into the planting hole, the slurry being a fluid composed of water, soil and nutrient soil particles; Step 5. When part of the slurry emerges from the ground surface around the planting hole, the grouting is completed and the high-pressure grouting tool is removed.

[0007] Furthermore, the diameter of the planting hole obtained in step 2 is 0 to 5 mm larger than the outer diameter of the vibrating rod, and the depth of the planting hole obtained is less than the length of the vibrating rod.

[0008] Further, according to the volume ratio, in the raw materials of the slurry, water accounts for 7 to 8 parts, sticky soil particles account for 2 to 3 parts, and nutrient soil particles account for 3 to 4 parts, and the particle size of sticky soil particles and nutrient soil particles is not more than 0.3 mm. In the present invention, it is very critical to use the slurry raw material of its specific formula. The sticky soil contained in the formula can form a very soft and silky fluid together with water and nutrient soil particles. One of the functions of this fluid is to help the slurry be smoothly pressed into and filled in the soil layer gaps around the planting hole, which is conducive to providing sufficient nutrients, water and growth space for its root system during the subsequent plant growth process. If sticky soil particles are not added or the amount added is too little, there is a problem of large friction between the nutrient soil particles and the gap wall, and it is difficult to smoothly press the nutrient soil particles into the soil layer gaps around the planting hole. If the amount of sticky soil particles added is too much, it will cause a large number of soil layer gaps around the planting hole to stick and even block the planting hole in the depth direction, which is not conducive to plant growth.

[0009] Furthermore, in step 4, during the first grouting, the grouting port of the high-pressure grouting tool is located at the bottom of the planting hole, and the grouting tool located above the grouting port is sealed with a flexible sealing body; after the grouting of the first point is completed, the grouting tool is controlled to release pressure and then raised to a standard height, and then the pressure is increased to grout until the grouting is completed at the last point. Preferably, the grouting time for each point is not less than three minutes.

[0010] Furthermore, the depth of the planting hole is 30 to 70 cm, the height of the last point from the ground surface is 15 to 20 cm, and the diameter of the planting hole is 15 to 40 cm.

[0011] Furthermore, the vibration frequency in step 2 is controlled to be 100-200 Hz.

[0012] As a preferred solution, the plant planting area is a gravel hilly area, and the gravel accounts for about 30% per unit volume.

[0013] Beneficial effect: The scheme of the present invention can not only prolong the water retention time in the plant planting pit, which means that there is a moist area within the planting hole and the surrounding 10cm range, but also effectively guide the planted plants to take root, especially promote the growth of a large number of fibrous roots, and help reduce wind and sand erosion and soil erosion. In the present invention, the use of a slurry raw material with a specific formula is very critical. The sticky soil contained in the formula can form a very soft and silky fluid with water and nutrient soil particles. One of the functions of this fluid is to help the slurry be smoothly pressed into and filled in the gaps in the soil layer around the planting hole, which is conducive to providing sufficient nutrients, water and growth space for its root system during the subsequent plant growth process. In the present invention, another key point is to use high-pressure grouting and planting hole vibration in combination in the hole-shaped land preparation process to achieve the sealing of a specific ratio of slurry in the soil layer around the planting hole. These sealed slurries can provide nutrients for the plant growth process and assist in water retention and moisture storage on the one hand, and can provide a reliable space for the growth of crop roots on the other hand, while facilitating ventilation. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0014] The technical solution of the present invention is described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Example 1

[0015] A pit-shaped land preparation method is used for land preparation on a certain experimental hillock, where the gravel ratio per unit volume is about 25%, and the experimental hillock is equipped with a plastic canopy (to block rain but not light), and the steps include: Step 1, marking planting points in the plant planting area, the distance between adjacent planting points is two meters, and a comparison planting point is set (marked) between two adjacent planting points in the same altitude area; Step 2: Use a drilling machine to drill planting holes at the planting points. The diameter of the planting holes is 21 cm and the depth is 35 cm. After drilling, all the soil and rocks that have fallen into the holes are cleaned up; Step 3, insert the vibrator into the implant hole, turn on the main unit of the vibrator, control the vibration frequency to 120 Hz, vibrate the area where the implant hole is located, and remove the vibrator after the vibration ends; The vibrating rod adopts the commercially available Foshan Foque brand concrete vibrating rod, and a steel cylinder with an outer diameter of 220 mm and a length of 500 mm is welded on the outer periphery of the rod body. The diameter of the planting hole is 0 to 5 mm larger than the outer diameter of the vibrating rod (including the drilling error); Step 4, using a high-pressure grouting tool to inject slurry into the planting hole, the slurry is a fluid composed of water, soil and nutrient soil particles; among the raw materials of the slurry, water accounts for 8 parts, sticky soil particles account for 3 parts, and nutrient soil particles account for 4 parts, the particle size of the sticky soil particles and the nutrient soil particles is not more than 0.3mm, the nutrient soil particles are obtained by crushing and sieving ordinary commercially available nutrient soil (general-purpose peat nutrient soil, water absorption 20%), and the sticky soil particles are obtained by drying and crushing the pond mud; During the first grouting, the grouting port of the high-pressure grouting tool is located at the bottom of the planting hole, and the grouting tool located above the grouting port is sealed with a flexible seal (rubber sleeve), and the grouting pressure is controlled to be 1.5Mpa; after the grouting of the first point is completed, the grouting tool is controlled to release pressure and then raised to a standard height (the standard height in this example is 10cm, and two groutings are required), and then the pressure is increased and the grouting pressure is controlled to be 0.9Mpa until the grouting is completed at the point. The height of the last point from the ground surface is about 15cm; Step 5, when grouting the last point, when part of the slurry emerges from the surface around the planting hole, the grouting is ended, and then the high-pressure grouting tool is removed. At this time, a planting hole with a depth of about 15 cm is obtained. After planting the plants, the planting hole is backfilled with native soil. The native soil refers to the soil obtained by drilling. Comparative Example 1

[0016] A hole-shaped land preparation method, wherein a comparison planting hole is drilled at the comparison planting point in the first part of the plant planting area in Example 1, and the comparison planting hole has a hole diameter of 21 cm and a depth of 15 cm. After the plants are planted, the planting hole is backfilled with native soil. Comparative Example 2

[0017] A pit-shaped land preparation method, wherein a comparison planting hole is drilled at the comparison planting point in the second part of the plant planting area in Example 1, and the comparison planting hole has a diameter of 21 cm and a depth of 35 cm. After the plants are planted, the planting hole is backfilled with native soil. Comparative Example 3

[0018] A hole-shaped land preparation method (compared with Example 1, vibration treatment is omitted), a comparison planting hole is drilled at the comparison planting point in the third part of the plant planting area in Example 1, the hole diameter of the planting hole is 21 cm and the depth is 35 cm, and after drilling, all the soil and rocks that fall into the hole are cleaned up, and then commercially available nutrient soil (general peat nutrient soil, water absorption 20%) is used to fill the planting hole (filled to 15 cm from the ground surface), and finally a planting hole with a depth of about 15 cm is obtained. After the plant is planted, the planting hole is backfilled with native soil. Comparative Example 4

[0019] A hole-shaped land preparation method, which differs from Example 1 in that: the raw materials of the slurry are 8 parts water and 7 parts nutrient soil particles, the particle size of the nutrient soil particles is no more than 0.3 mm, and finally a planting hole with a depth of about 15 cm is obtained. After the plants are planted, the planting hole is backfilled with native soil. Comparative Example 5

[0020] A hole-shaped land preparation method, which differs from Example 1 in that: the raw materials of the slurry include 8 parts of water and 10 parts of sticky soil particles, the particle size of the sticky soil particles is no more than 0.3 mm, and finally a planting hole with a depth of about 15 cm is obtained. After the plants are planted, the planting hole is backfilled with native soil.

[0021] In the planting holes in Example 1 and the comparative example, azalea plants with basically the same growth potential (root length was trimmed to 14 cm, the error in root length of different plants did not exceed 5 mm, and the maximum outer diameter of the root outline was 16 ± 0.5 cm) were planted respectively. The plants were watered once a month during the planting process. The root conditions of the azalea plants were measured one year after planting, and the results are as follows.

[0022] By comparison, it can be seen that: Comparative Example 1 cannot retain water and it is difficult to ensure plant survival; Comparative Example 2 and Comparative Example 3 cannot effectively retain water and are not conducive to the lateral growth of plant roots; Comparative Example 4 has a slightly better effect of guiding the lateral growth of plant roots but it is not obvious, and Comparative Example 5 can guide the plant roots to grow upward (analysis shows that too many sticky soil particles added form a sticky structure, which is not conducive to air permeability); Example 1 has the best effect of guiding the lateral growth of plant roots.

[0023] In the planting holes in Example 1, Comparative Example 2 and Comparative Example 4, water retention tests were conducted, and soil sampling spoons were buried at 5 cm and 25 cm deep on the outer periphery of the inner wall of the planting hole and at the bottom of the center of the planting hole. The soil sampling spoons in the planting hole were covered with native soil after being buried. 1.5L of water was poured into the planting hole on the 1st and 2nd day of the test process, and the soil sampling spoon was taken out after the 30th day, and the state of the soil in the spoon was observed. The results showed that the soil sample at the bottom of the center of the planting hole in Example 1 was moist, and the soil sample at 5 cm and 25 cm deep on the outer periphery of the inner wall of the planting hole was also moist; the soil sample at the bottom of the center of the planting hole in Comparative Example 2 was dry, and the soil sample at 5 cm and 25 cm deep on the outer periphery of the inner wall of the planting hole was slightly moist; the soil sample at the bottom of the center of the planting hole in Comparative Example 4 was dry, and the soil sample at 5 cm and 25 cm deep on the outer periphery of the inner wall of the planting hole was slightly moist.

[0024] For other embodiments, the process is similar to that of embodiment 1, except that the corresponding parameters are selected within the following ranges: water accounts for 7-8 parts, sticky soil particles account for 2-3 parts, and nutrient soil particles account for 3-4 parts in the raw materials of the slurry; the depth of the planting hole is 30-70 cm, the height of the last point from the ground surface is 15-20 cm, and the diameter of the planting hole is 15-40 cm; the vibration frequency in step 2 is controlled to be 100-200 Hz. In addition, the promotion and application scenarios can be selected from hilly gravel texture belts, bank slope gravel texture belts, or alluvial gravel texture belts.

[0025] The scheme of the embodiment can not only prolong the water retention time in the plant planting pit, which means that there is a moist area within the planting hole and within 10 cm around it, but also effectively guide the planted plants to take root, especially promote the growth of a large number of fibrous roots, and is also beneficial to reducing wind and sand erosion and soil erosion. In the scheme of the embodiment, the use of a slurry raw material with a specific formula is very critical. The sticky soil contained in the formula can form a very soft and silky fluid together with water and nutrient soil particles. One of the functions of this fluid is to help the slurry be smoothly pressed into and filled in the gaps in the soil layer around the planting holes, and advance along the gaps; another key point is to use high-pressure grouting and planting hole vibration in a coordinated manner in the hole-shaped land preparation process to achieve sealing of the slurry with a specific ratio in the soil layer around the planting holes (wherein, within a few seconds after the grouting tool is controlled to release pressure, some pores will be properly closed under the action of the soil layer's own gravity, but not completely closed). These sealed slurries can, on the one hand, provide nutrients for the plant growth process and assist in water retention and moisture storage; on the other hand, they can provide a reliable space for the growth of crop roots and are easy to breathe, which is beneficial for providing sufficient nutrients, water and growth space for the roots of the plants during subsequent plant growth.

Claims

1. A method for pit-shaped land preparation, characterized in that the steps include: Step 1, mark the planting point in the plant planting area; Step 2, drilling planting holes at the planting points; Step 3, insert the vibrator into the planting hole, turn on the main unit of the vibrator, vibrate the area where the planting hole is located, and remove the vibrator after the vibration ends; Step 4, using a high-pressure grouting tool to inject slurry into the planting hole, the slurry being a fluid composed of water, soil and nutrient soil particles; Step 5. When part of the slurry emerges from the ground surface around the planting hole, the grouting is completed and the high-pressure grouting tool is removed.

2. The pit-shaped land preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the planting hole obtained in step 2 is 0-5 mm larger than the outer diameter of the vibrating rod, and the depth of the planting hole obtained is less than the length of the vibrating rod.

3. The pit-shaped land preparation method according to claim 2, characterized in that: Calculated by volume, the raw materials of the slurry include 7-8 parts of water, 2-3 parts of sticky soil particles, and 3-4 parts of nutrient soil particles. The particle sizes of the sticky soil particles and the nutrient soil particles are both no greater than 0.3 mm.

4. The pit-shaped land preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step 4, during the first grouting, the grouting port of the high-pressure grouting tool is located at the bottom of the planting hole, and a flexible sealing body is used to seal the grouting tool above the grouting port; after the grouting of the first point is completed, the grouting tool is controlled to rise to a standard height, and then grouting is continued until the grouting is completed at the last point.

5. The hole-shaped land preparation method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The depth of the planting hole is 30~70cm, the height of the last point from the ground surface is 15~20cm, and the diameter of the planting hole is 15~40cm.

6. The pit-shaped land preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The vibration frequency in step 2 is controlled to 100~200HZ.

7. The pit-shaped land preparation method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The plant planting area is a gravel area, and the gravel accounts for about 30% per unit volume.

8. The pit-shaped land preparation method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The planting hole is a cylindrical hole.

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