Negative pressure type rape precision seed sowing device based on Bernoulli principle

Abstract

The invention discloses a negative pressure type rape precision seed sowing device based on the Bernoulli principle, and relates to the technical field of seed sowing equipment. Comprising a shell, a seed cleaning scraper, an end cover, a roller, a vacuum generator and a pneumatic rotary joint, the end cover is installed at an opening in the side face of the shell, the roller is arranged in a cavity formed by the end cover and the shell, the roller is rotationally connected with the shell and the end cover, a transmission shaft is in interference fit connection with the roller, and the vacuum generator and the pneumatic rotary joint are installed in the roller. An air inlet of the vacuum generator is connected with the pneumatic rotating connector, an air inlet of the pneumatic rotating connector is connected with an air outlet of the air pump, and the pneumatic rotating connector is connected to the inner wall of the roller. A seed suction hole is formed in the roller wall of the roller, a vacuum port of the vacuum generator is communicated with the seed suction hole, and the seed cleaning scraper blade is arranged in the shell; a seed falling opening is formed below the seed cleaning scraping blade; and a seed throwing opening is formed in the upper surface of the shell. The precision seeder is compact in structure, small in size, low in seed breakage rate and easy to realize precision seeding.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of seeding equipment, and more specifically, relates to a negative pressure rapeseed precision seeding device based on the Bernoulli principle. Background Art

[0002] Rapeseed is an important oil crop in my country. It has small seeds (about 1.5 mm in diameter), light weight, thin skin and good fluidity. It has multifunctional utilization value such as vegetable, feed and green manure. Its planting method is mainly based on manual sowing or mechanical seeding followed by thinning. Manual sowing is labor-intensive and inefficient. Mechanized sowing can reduce labor intensity and improve sowing efficiency and sowing quality. However, traditional seeding and semi-precision hole sowing methods have problems such as high production cost, large labor input, and labor and time. Therefore, the development of precision seeding technology has important practical significance. The seed meter is the key core component that determines the performance of the precision seeder. With the rapid development of precision seeders in China, the requirements for the seeding performance of the precision seed meter are gradually increasing. Its performance directly affects the performance indicators of the seeder, such as sowing efficiency, sowing uniformity and seed injury rate. In order to improve the seed filling performance of small-size rapeseed, improve the seeding accuracy and reduce seed damage, relevant research work has been carried out. Summary of the invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a negative pressure rapeseed precision seeding device based on the Bernoulli principle, which has a compact structure, small size, light weight and simple principle. Compared with other types of seeding devices, it has a low seed breakage rate and is easier to achieve precision sowing.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0005] A negative pressure rapeseed precision seed metering device based on the Bernoulli principle comprises a shell, a seed cleaning scraper, an end cover, a roller, a vacuum generator, and a pneumatic rotary joint. The shell is a hollow shell with a side opening, the end cover is installed at the side opening of the shell, the roller is arranged in a cavity formed by the end cover and the shell, the roller is rotatably connected to the shell through a bearing, the roller is also rotatably connected to the end cover through a bearing, a transmission shaft passes through the roller and is connected to the roller by interference fit, the transmission shaft drives the roller to rotate together, a vacuum generator and a pneumatic rotary joint are installed inside the roller, the air inlet of the vacuum generator is connected to the pneumatic rotary joint through an air pipe, The air inlet of the pneumatic rotary joint is connected with the air outlet of the air pump through an air pipe, and the pneumatic rotary joint is connected to the inner wall of the drum through bolts; a seed suction hole is provided on the drum wall, and the vacuum port of the vacuum generator is connected with the seed suction hole, and a seed cleaning scraper is installed inside the shell and is located obliquely below the drum; a seed dropping port is provided below the seed cleaning scraper, and a seed throwing port is provided on the top of the shell, and seeds enter the shell from the seed throwing port, and then are adsorbed to the seed suction hole of the drum under the action of the vacuum generator, and as the drum rotates, the seed cleaning scraper scrapes off the seeds adsorbed on the drum, and the scraped seeds fall into the seed dropping hole below the seed cleaning scraper for sowing.

[0006] Preferably, the seed suction hole is divided into two sections along the axial direction, one section is a truncated cone hole, and the other section is a cylindrical hole. Seeds can be adsorbed on the truncated cone hole, and the truncated cone hole can accommodate 1 / 3 of a seed.

[0007] Preferably, four grooves are evenly arranged along the circumference of the inner wall of the drum, each groove is provided with a seed suction hole, and four vacuum generators are embedded in the grooves and connected to the inner wall of the drum by bolts.

[0008] Preferably, a through hole is provided on the side of the housing for an air pipe connecting the pneumatic rotary joint and the air pump to pass through.

[0009] Preferably, the upper portion of the seed cleaning scraper is an arc structure that is concentric with the drum and close to the outer surface of the drum.

[0010] The beneficial effects of adopting the above technical solution are:

[0011] 1. The present invention is based on the Bernoulli principle, uses a vacuum generator to generate negative pressure, and absorbs and carries seeds, and a seed cleaning scraper to drop seeds, thereby achieving precise sowing of seeds.

[0012] 2. The present invention generates negative pressure based on the Bernoulli principle to achieve seed suction and then sowing, which is innovative, has a low seed damage rate and high efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0014] Figure 2It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the shell;

[0015] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the drum;

[0016] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 AA cross-sectional structure diagram in;

[0017] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the rear view structure of the drum;

[0018] In the figure: 1. outer shell, 11. seed filling area, 12. transition area, 13. through hole, 14. seed dropping area, 15. first threaded hole; 16. seed cleaning scraper; 17. seed drop port; 2. end cover; 3. bearing; 4. roller, 41. seed suction hole, 42. groove, 43. second threaded hole, 44. vacuum generator, 45. air pipe, 46. pneumatic rotary joint; 5. transmission shaft. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0020] like Figure 1 and Figure 5As shown, the seed metering device of the present invention mainly includes a shell 1, a seed cleaning scraper 16, an end cover 2, a drum 4, a vacuum generator 44, and a pneumatic rotary joint 46. The shell 1 is a hollow shell with a side opening, and the end cover 2 is installed at the side opening of the shell 1. The drum 4 is arranged in a cavity formed by the end cover 2 and the shell 1. The drum 4 is rotatably connected to the shell 1 through a bearing. The drum 4 is also rotatably connected to the end cover 2 through a bearing 3. The transmission shaft 5 passes through the drum 4 and is connected to the drum 4 by interference fit, and the transmission shaft 5 drives the drum 4 to rotate together. Four vacuum generators 44 are installed inside the drum 4. The air inlet of the vacuum generator 44 is connected to the pneumatic rotary joint 46 through an air pipe, and the air inlet of the pneumatic rotary joint 46 is connected to the air outlet of the air pump through an air pipe. The pneumatic rotary joint 46 is fixed to the inner wall of the drum 4 by connecting the bolt and the first threaded hole 15. A seed suction hole 41 is provided on the cylinder wall of the drum 4, and the vacuum port of the vacuum generator 44 is connected to the seed suction hole 41. The seed suction hole 41 is divided into two sections along the axial direction, one section is a truncated cone hole and the other section is a cylindrical hole. The seeds are adsorbed on the truncated cone hole, which can accommodate 1 / 3 of a seed. The truncated cone hole is convenient for the seeds to be adsorbed into the hole, and the inner side of the hole has a supporting force on the seeds. The diameter of the cylindrical hole is smaller than the diameter of the seed, which prevents the seeds from being adsorbed into the vacuum generator and causing damage to the vacuum generator. The seed cleaning scraper 16 is installed inside the shell 1 and is located obliquely below the drum 4. The upper part of the seed cleaning scraper is an arc structure that is concentric with the drum and close to the outer surface of the drum. A seed drop port 17 is provided below the seed cleaning scraper 16, and a seed throwing port is provided above the shell 1. The seeds enter the shell 1 from the seed throwing port, and then are adsorbed on the seed suction hole 41 of the drum 4 under the action of the vacuum generator 44. As the drum 1 rotates, the seed cleaning scraper 16 scrapes off the seeds adsorbed on the drum 1, and the scraped seeds fall into the seed dropping hole below along the seed cleaning scraper for sowing.

[0021] like Figure 2 As shown, the housing 1 is located on the right side of the integral seed metering device, matched with the bearing 3 and the roller 4, and the housing 1 is divided into a seed filling area 11, a transition area 12, and a seed dropping area 14. The seed filling area 11 is located at about 5 o'clock to 7 o'clock below the inner center of the housing 1, the transition area 12 is located at about 7 o'clock to 12 o'clock on the left side of the housing 1, and the seed dropping area 14 is located at about 12 o'clock to 7 o'clock on the right side of the housing 1. The through hole 13 and the first threaded hole 15 for installing the pneumatic rotary joint are both located on the inner rear wall of the housing 1. The seed cleaning scraper 16 is located in the seed dropping area 14 area inside the housing 1.

[0022] The end cover 2 is located on the left side of the integral seed metering device. The inner ring of the bearing 3 cooperates with the drum 4, and the outer ring cooperates with the outer shell 1 and the end cover 2 respectively. Four grooves 42 for installing the vacuum generator 44 are provided inside the drum 4, and each groove 42 is connected to a seed suction hole 41. The vacuum generator 44 is embedded and installed in the groove 42, and its vacuum port is connected to the truncated cone hole of the seed suction hole 41. The second threaded hole 43 is a bolt mounting hole for the vacuum generator 44. The vacuum generator 44 is connected to the pneumatic rotary joint 46 through the air pipe 45, which solves the problem of air pipe entanglement when the air pipe rotates with the drum 4. The air inlet of the pneumatic rotary joint 46 is connected to the air outlet of the air pump through the air pipe.

[0023] The present invention is based on the Bernoulli principle. High-speed flowing gas enters from the air inlet of the vacuum generator 44, passes through the vacuum port, and flows out from the air outlet. According to the Bernoulli principle, under ideal conditions, at any cross section of the same flow tube, the sum of the kinetic energy, potential energy, and pressure potential energy of the unit volume of fluid is a constant. It can be inferred from this that when the flow is constant, the greater the flow rate, the smaller the pressure. The pressure at the vacuum port of the vacuum generator is reduced, generating negative pressure, and suction is performed.

[0024] Sowing process: First, put the seeds from the top of the shell 1 into the seed filling area 11, and the transmission shaft 5 drives the drum 4 to rotate. At the same time, under the influence of the population and the negative pressure of the drum, the rapeseed seeds are adsorbed into the truncated cone-shaped suction holes 41 in the seed filling area 11 by the negative pressure generated by the vacuum generator 44 in the drum 4. The adsorbed seeds rotate to the transition area 12 as the drum 4 rotates. The seeds will not fall due to the lateral support force of the suction hole and the negative pressure adsorption force. When the drum 4 rotates to reach the seeding area 14, the seeds adsorbed in the suction hole 41 are scraped off by the seed cleaning scraper 16 and fall along the outer contour of the seed cleaning scraper 16 through the seed drop port 17 to the outside of the seed metering device, thus completing a round of seeding. This is repeated to achieve precision seeding.

[0025] The above are only preferred specific implementation modes of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical solutions and inventive concepts of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A negative pressure rapeseed precision seed metering device based on Bernoulli principle, characterized in that: The invention comprises a shell, a seed cleaning scraper, an end cover, a roller, a vacuum generator and a pneumatic rotary joint. The shell is a hollow shell with a side opening. The end cover is installed at the side opening of the shell. The roller is arranged in a cavity formed by the end cover and the shell. The roller is rotatably connected to the shell through a bearing. The roller is also rotatably connected to the end cover through a bearing. The transmission shaft passes through the roller and is connected to the roller by an interference fit. The transmission shaft drives the roller to rotate together. A vacuum generator and a pneumatic rotary joint are installed inside the roller. The air inlet of the vacuum generator is connected to the pneumatic rotary joint through an air pipe. The air inlet of the pneumatic rotary joint passes through a The air pipe is connected with the air outlet of the air pump, and the pneumatic rotary joint is connected to the inner wall of the drum by bolts; a seed suction hole is provided on the wall of the drum, and the vacuum port of the vacuum generator is connected with the seed suction hole, and a seed cleaning scraper is installed inside the shell and is located obliquely below the drum; a seed dropping port is provided below the seed cleaning scraper, and a seed throwing port is provided on the top of the shell, and seeds enter the shell from the seed throwing port, and then are adsorbed to the seed suction hole of the drum under the action of the vacuum generator, and as the drum rotates, the seed cleaning scraper scrapes off the seeds adsorbed on the drum, and the scraped seeds fall into the seed dropping hole below the seed cleaning scraper for sowing.

2. The negative pressure rapeseed precision seed metering device based on Bernoulli principle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The seed suction hole is divided into two sections along the axial direction, one section is a truncated cone hole and the other section is a cylindrical hole. Seeds can be adsorbed on the truncated cone hole, and the truncated cone hole can accommodate 1 / 3 of a seed.

3. The negative pressure rapeseed precision seed metering device based on Bernoulli principle according to claim 1, characterized in that: Four grooves are evenly arranged along the circumference of the inner wall of the drum, each groove is provided with a seed suction hole, and four vacuum generators are embedded in the grooves and connected to the inner wall of the drum by bolts.

4. The negative pressure rapeseed precision seed metering device based on Bernoulli principle according to claim 1, characterized in that: A through hole is also provided on the side of the shell for an air pipe connecting the pneumatic rotary joint and the air pump to pass through.

5. The negative pressure rapeseed precision seed metering device based on Bernoulli principle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper part of the seed cleaning scraper is an arc structure which is concentric with the roller and close to the outer surface of the roller.

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