Steel member hoisting device in limited space and construction method of steel member hoisting device

Abstract

The invention discloses a space-limited steel member hoisting device and a construction method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of hoisting, the space-limited steel member hoisting device comprises two groups of hoisting mechanisms, and the two groups of hoisting mechanisms are respectively positioned on two sides of a steel member; the hoisting mechanism comprises a winch, the winch is fixedly connected to the roof, and a supporting assembly is arranged on the roof; the steering mechanism comprises a first steering pulley arranged on the roof and a second steering pulley arranged on the supporting assembly, the distance between the second steering pulley and the roof is not smaller than the height of the steel member, and a steel wire rope on the winch sequentially passes through the first steering pulley and the second steering pulley and is connected with one side of the steel member; and the force unloading mechanism comprises a connecting piece arranged on the roof of the lower floor, the connecting piece is connected with the first steering pulley, a prestressed steel wire rope is arranged between the connecting piece and the side wall of the lower floor, and the prestressed steel wire rope is obliquely arranged. According to the invention, the hoisting of the large-span steel member in the limited space can be realized, and the hoisting difficulty and the potential safety hazard are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of hoisting, and in particular to a steel component hoisting device in a confined space and a construction method thereof. Background Art

[0002] During the construction of large-span steel roof hoisting, it is common to encounter the situation where the skylight roof is located in the center of the building. In this case, the traditional truck crane cannot be used for construction because the hoisting distance is too far and the weight of the steel beam is too large. Increasing the tonnage of the truck crane is not economical and the bearing capacity of the garage roof is limited. When using a tower crane for hoisting, the construction is inconvenient due to the construction period and hoisting weight, and the workload of high-altitude welding is large, and safety and quality cannot be effectively guaranteed. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a safe, efficient and economical construction device for steel components in confined spaces.

[0003] Therefore, a steel member hoisting device in a confined space and a construction method thereof are proposed. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a steel member hoisting device in a confined space and a construction method thereof, aiming to solve or improve at least one of the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solution: The present invention provides a steel member hoisting device in a confined space, comprising two sets of hoisting mechanisms, the two sets of hoisting mechanisms are respectively located on both sides of the steel member; the hoisting mechanisms include:

[0006] A winch, wherein the winch is fixedly connected to the roof, and a supporting assembly is arranged on the roof;

[0007] A steering mechanism, the steering mechanism comprising a first steering pulley arranged on the roof and a second steering pulley arranged on the support assembly, the distance between the second steering pulley and the roof being not less than the height of the steel member, the steel wire rope on the hoist passes through the first steering pulley and the second steering pulley in sequence and is connected to one side of the steel member;

[0008] The force unloading mechanism includes a connecting piece arranged on the roof of the lower floor, the connecting piece is connected to the first steering pulley, a prestressed steel wire rope is arranged between the connecting piece and the side wall of the lower floor, and the prestressed steel wire rope is arranged obliquely.

[0009] Preferably, the support assembly includes a hoisting mast fixedly connected to the roof, the hoisting mast is in an inverted L-shape, and the second steering pulley is installed below the cross bar on the hoisting mast, and the second steering pulley is vertically opposite to the connection point between the wire rope on the winch and the steel structure.

[0010] Preferably, movable pulleys are respectively provided in the middle of the two opposite sides of the steel component, the second steering pulley is vertically opposite to the movable pulley, and the wire rope on the winch passes through the first steering pulley, the second steering pulley and the movable pulley to lift the steel component.

[0011] Preferably, a first hand chain hoist is tightened between a side of the hoisting mast away from the second diverting pulley and the existing structure of the roof, and prestress is applied to the first hand chain hoist.

[0012] Preferably, a balancing mechanism is also provided, which includes two balancing masts fixed to the roof, the two balancing masts are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the lifting mast, the balancing mast is connected to the steel structure through a steel wire rope, and a second hand winch is provided on the steel wire rope.

[0013] Preferably, a fixed pulley is provided on the existing mechanism of the roof, the fixed pulley and the first steering pulley are located at the same height, the axis of the fixed pulley is perpendicular to the roof, the axis of the first steering pulley is parallel to the roof, and the wire rope on the winch passes through the fixed pulley before passing through the first steering pulley.

[0014] Preferably, the connecting member includes a steel plate arranged on the roof of the lower floor, and a plurality of connecting columns are arranged on the base of the first steering pulley. The connecting columns sequentially penetrate the base of the first steering pulley, the roof of the lower floor, and the steel plate and are locked by locking nuts.

[0015] Preferably, the angle between the prestressed steel wire rope and the side wall of the lower floor is not greater than 45°.

[0016] A method for hoisting a steel member in a confined space is also provided, comprising the following steps:

[0017] S1: Transport the parts of the steel structure to the bottom of the lifting point and assemble them;

[0018] S2: Hoist the support assembly to the roof installation position, and install it after correcting the position;

[0019] S3: Install the first diverting pulley and the second diverting pulley;

[0020] S4: Install the winch on the roof;

[0021] S5: installing a connecting piece on the roof of the lower floor and connecting it to the first diverting pulley, and installing a prestressed steel wire rope between the connecting piece and the side wall of the lower floor;

[0022] S6: The steel wire rope on the winch is turned through the first steering pulley and the second steering pulley and connected to the steel structure for hoisting.

[0023] The present invention discloses the following technical effects: by arranging a winch and a supporting assembly on both sides of the roof, the steel wire rope of the winch is connected to the steel member after being diverted by the first diverting pulley and the second diverting pulley, so as to realize the smooth lifting of the steel member; the distance between the second diverting pulley and the roof is not less than the height of the steel member, so that the steel member can be hoisted to the central position above the roof; the steel wire rope is changed from horizontal to vertical after passing through the first diverting pulley, and the first diverting pulley is subjected to a large upward pulling force during the lifting process. By arranging a force unloading mechanism, during the lifting process, the prestressed steel wire rope in the force unloading mechanism can provide a reaction force for the first diverting pulley, reduce the pulling force of the first diverting pulley, prevent the floor from being damaged, and improve the lifting safety. The present application can smoothly realize the lifting of large-span steel members in confined spaces, reduce the difficulty of lifting and the potential safety hazards of lifting. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] The drawings constituting a part of the present application are used to provide a further understanding of the present application. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of the present application are used to explain the present application and do not constitute an improper limitation on the present application. In the drawings:

[0025] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the hoisting mast in the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the force unloading mechanism in the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the first hand chain hoist in the present invention.

[0029] In the figure: 1. Steel structure; 2. Winch; 3. Roof of lower floor; 4. First steering pulley; 5. Second steering pulley; 6. Prestressed steel wire rope; 7. Hoisting mast; 8. Moving pulley; 9. First hand winch; 10. Balancing mast; 11. Fixed pulley; 12. Steel plate; 13. Connecting column; 14. Locking nut. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0032] Reference Figure 1-Figure 4 The present invention provides a steel member hoisting device in a confined space and a construction method thereof, comprising two sets of hoisting mechanisms, the two sets of hoisting mechanisms are respectively located on both sides of the steel member 1; the hoisting mechanisms include:

[0033] A hoist 2, the hoist 2 is fixedly connected to the roof, and a supporting assembly is arranged on the roof;

[0034] The steering mechanism includes a first steering pulley 4 arranged on the roof and a second steering pulley 5 arranged on the support assembly. The distance between the second steering pulley 5 and the roof is not less than the height of the steel member 1. The steel wire rope on the winch 2 passes through the first steering pulley 4 and the second steering pulley 5 in sequence and is connected to one side of the steel member 1.

[0035] The force unloading mechanism includes a connecting piece arranged at the bottom of the roof, i.e., on the roof 3 of the lower floor, the connecting piece is connected to the first diverting pulley 4, and a prestressed steel wire rope 6 is arranged between the connecting piece and the side wall of the lower floor, and the prestressed steel wire rope 6 is arranged obliquely;

[0036] By respectively arranging a winch 2 and a supporting assembly on both sides of the roof, the steel wire rope of the winch 2 is connected to the steel component 1 after being diverted through the first diverting pulley 4 and the second diverting pulley 5, so as to realize the smooth lifting of the steel component 1; the distance between the second diverting pulley 5 and the roof is not less than the height of the steel component 1, so that the steel component 1 can be lifted to the central position above the roof; the steel wire rope is turned from horizontal to vertical after passing through the first diverting pulley 4, and the first diverting pulley 4 is subjected to a large upward pulling force during the lifting process. By arranging a unloading mechanism, during the lifting process, the prestressed steel wire rope 6 in the unloading mechanism can provide a reaction force for the first diverting pulley 4, reduce the pulling force of the first diverting pulley 4, prevent the floor from being damaged, and improve the lifting safety.

[0037] A further optimized solution is that the support assembly includes a hoisting mast 7 fixedly connected to the roof, the hoisting mast 7 is in an inverted L-shape, and a second steering pulley 5 is installed below the cross bar on the hoisting mast 7, and the second steering pulley 5 is vertically opposite to the connection point between the wire rope on the winch 2 and the steel structure 1.

[0038] In this embodiment, the lifting mast 7 uses HW300*300*10*15 steel as the main load-bearing component. The lifting mast 7 is fixed on the steel beam support with a height of 2000mm, which is higher than the steel component 1 to be lifted. The lifting mast 7 is in an inverted L-shape, so that the bottom can be fixed on the roof, and the connection point for installing the second steering pulley 5 can protrude from the roof, that is, it is located in the hollow position in the center of the roof, so that it can be vertically distributed with the connection point of the steel component 1.

[0039] To further optimize the solution, movable pulleys 8 are respectively provided in the middle of the two opposite sides of the steel component 1, and the second steering pulley 5 is vertically opposite to the movable pulley 8. The wire rope on the winch 2 passes through the first steering pulley 4, the second steering pulley 5 and the movable pulley 8 to lift the steel component 1.

[0040] The second diverting pulley 5 is vertically opposite to the movable pulley 8 to realize vertical lifting; the first diverting pulley 4, the second diverting pulley 5 and the movable pulley 8 are fixed to the roof, the hoisting mast 7 and the steel structure 1 respectively using a 13.5t D-type ring.

[0041] According to a further optimized solution, a first hand chain hoist 9 is tightened between the side of the hoisting mast 7 away from the second diverting pulley 5 and the existing structure of the roof, and a prestress is applied to the first hand chain hoist 9 .

[0042] The prestress applied by the first hand winch 9 can be decomposed into vertical force and horizontal force. The horizontal force is perpendicular to the line connecting the two balancing masts 10. During the lifting process, the pulling force of the steel structure 1 applied to the lifting mast 7 is opposite to the direction of the prestress of the first hand winch 9, thereby preventing the lifting mast 7 from overturning during the lifting project.

[0043] A further optimized solution is provided with a balancing mechanism, which includes two balancing masts 10 fixed to the roof, the two balancing masts 10 are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the hoisting mast 7, and the balancing mast 10 is connected to the steel member 1 by a steel wire rope, and a second hand winch is provided on the steel wire rope;

[0044] The balancing device is composed of a balancing mast 10 and its matching wire rope and a second hand winch. The wire ropes on the four balancing devices are respectively connected to the four corners of the steel structure 1. The wire ropes on the balancing devices require almost no tension. The wire ropes on the balancing devices are synchronously retracted and released with the wire ropes on the winch 2 to prevent the steel structure 1 from flipping over due to an uneven center of gravity during the lifting process.

[0045] Further optimization scheme, a fixed pulley 11 is provided on the existing mechanism of the roof, the fixed pulley 11 and the first diverting pulley 4 are located at the same height, the axis of the fixed pulley 11 is perpendicular to the roof, the axis of the first diverting pulley 4 is parallel to the roof, and the wire rope on the winch 2 passes through the fixed pulley 11 and then passes through the first diverting pulley 4;

[0046] A 20mm diameter steel wire rope is used to fix the fixed pulley 11 to the existing structural column of the roof. After lifting a steel component 1 at one position, when lifting the next steel component 1, the lifting mast 7 and the first steering pulley 4 need to be completely removed and installed at a new lifting position. By setting the fixed pulley 11, the winch 2 can always maintain its position. No matter which position of the steel component 1 is lifted, the winch 2 does not need to be disassembled.

[0047] A further optimized solution is that the connecting piece includes a steel plate 12 arranged on the roof 3 of the lower floor, and a plurality of connecting columns 13 are arranged on the base of the first steering pulley 4. The connecting columns 13 sequentially penetrate the base of the first steering pulley 4, the roof 3 of the lower floor, and the steel plate 12 and are locked by locking nuts 14.

[0048] According to a further optimization scheme, the angle between the prestressed steel wire rope 6 and the side wall of the lower floor is not greater than 45°.

[0049] A method for hoisting a steel member in a confined space is also provided, comprising the following steps:

[0050] S1: transport the parts of the steel structure 1 to the bottom of the lifting point and assemble them;

[0051] S2: Hoist the support assembly to the roof installation position, and install it after correcting the position;

[0052] S3: Install the first diverting pulley 4 and the second diverting pulley 5;

[0053] S4: Install the winch 2 on the roof;

[0054] S5: Install the connecting piece on the roof 3 of the lower floor and connect it to the first diverting pulley 4, and install the prestressed steel wire rope 6 between the connecting piece and the side wall of the lower floor;

[0055] S6: The steel wire rope on the winch 2 is diverted through the first diverting pulley 4 and the second diverting pulley 5 and connected to the steel component 1 for hoisting.

[0056] In this embodiment, the following conditions are set during construction:

[0057] 1. (Scope of application) The present invention is applicable to various limited and restricted spaces where tower cranes and truck cranes cannot perform direct lifting construction, including but not limited to lifting of steel structures in the center of the structure where tower cranes or truck cranes cannot cover the area, lifting of steel structures where tower cranes or truck cranes cannot be installed due to site reasons, and situations where the construction period is long and the cost of using truck cranes is too high.

[0058] 2. Before the lifting of the items to be hoisted officially begins, all components to be hoisted must be transported to the bottom of the lifting position and assembled as planned.

[0059] 3. (Personnel) All operators involved in the lifting process must undergo technical briefings to ensure that each position is familiar with their own work content during the lifting process.

[0060] 4. (Equipment) All equipment used for lifting must have passed the inspection, mechanical equipment must have complete maintenance records, and there must be no abnormalities during the trial run.

[0061] 5. (Environment) The weather on the day of hoisting must be good, without rain, snow, hail, strong wind, fog and other adverse weather. The hoisting area is closed and no unrelated personnel are allowed to enter the closed area, and there are no unrelated equipment and materials in some places in the hoisting area.

[0062] Construction steps:

[0063] 1. (Construction preparation) Use Leica total station TS06Plus2-R500 to conduct comprehensive re-measurement of the steel structure installation area. The measurement data includes the x-axis, y-axis, and z-axis information of each load-bearing base, forming the final spatial coordinate network of the steel structure installation support, which is used for the in-depth design and processing of steel structure components. The measurement error is required to be no more than 3mm.

[0064] 2. (Steel component 1 is in place) Use a 2.5t / 5.0t forklift to transport the parts of steel component 1 one by one to the bottom of the lifting point, assemble steel component 1 below the lifting position, and weld and assemble each component using carbon dioxide gas shielded welding. Carry out quality acceptance in accordance with the "Steel Structure Engineering Construction Quality Acceptance Standard" GB50205-2020. After qualified acceptance, all parties sign the itinerary acceptance record. After qualified welding, carry out fire retardant coating construction, and form a fire retardant coating construction acceptance record.

[0065] 3. (Installation of hoisting mast 7) ​​The hoisting mast 7 is hoisted to the roof installation support position by a 300kg small winch, and is fixed by welding after manual correction by the operator. All fixed welds are required to be fully welded, and the weld height is not less than 10mm. After the hoisting mast 7 is welded, a 20mm diameter steel wire rope is used with a 2t / 2 hand chain hoist to tie the hoisting mast 7 to the existing roof structure, and a prestress of not less than 1t is applied.

[0066] 4. (Installation of the balancing mast 10) A small balancing mast 10 is installed on each side of the hoisting mast 7. The installation method and requirements of the balancing mast 10 are the same as those of the hoisting mast 7. The balancing mast 10 is used to keep the balance of the steel structure 1 during the hoisting process without being tied to the structure.

[0067] 5. (Pulley block installation) Use 13.5t D-type ring to fix the first steering pulley 4, the second steering pulley 5, and the movable pulley 8 to the roof, the hoisting mast 7, and the steel member 1 respectively. Use 20mm diameter steel wire rope 3 to fix the fixed pulley 11 to the existing structural column. Each pulley block is required to be fixed reliably and rotate smoothly.

[0068] 6. (Installation of winch 2) In this case, winch 2 uses a 5t model winch. When selecting, it is necessary to pay attention to the total lifting capacity not less than 1.5 times the hoisting load, and it should be appropriately increased according to the increase in the hoisting load. The winch must have a complete equipment nameplate, complete maintenance records, and no abnormalities before formal commissioning. Winch 2 is fixed to the structural floor with chemical anchors / tension bolts to ensure that it will not move during use.

[0069] 7. (Installation of unloading mechanism) Because the structural floor at the first diverting pulley 4 is subjected to huge tensile force, an unloading device is added to prevent the floor from being damaged. A 300*300*10 steel plate 12 is used to fix it on the structural floor, and a 16mm prestressed steel wire rope 6 is used to fix it on the column or wall on the next floor, and a 2t / 2 hand chain hoist is used to apply a prestress of not less than 1t.

[0070] 8. (Formal lifting) Before formal lifting, check all equipment and personnel; lift 200mm first to check whether all mechanisms are operating normally. Only when all mechanisms are operating normally can the lifting and lifting be continued. When the lifting is 500mm away from the finished surface, reduce the lifting speed. After the lifting is in place, weld and fix it. The lifting device can be removed only after it is fixed.

[0071] 9. (Next group of hoisting) Remove the first diverting pulley 4, hoisting mast 7, unloading mechanism, movable pulley 8, transfer to the next hoisting point for installation, and start the next group of component hoisting.

[0072] The invention is capable of lifting steel structure components with high safety, high speed, good accessory turnover and remarkable economic benefits.

[0073] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside" and "outside" etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0074] The embodiments described above are only descriptions of the preferred modes of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field should all fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A steel member hoisting device in a confined space, characterized in that: It comprises two groups of lifting mechanisms, which are respectively located on both sides of the steel component (1); the lifting mechanisms comprise: A hoist (2), wherein the hoist (2) is fixedly connected to a roof, and a supporting assembly is arranged on the roof; A steering mechanism, the steering mechanism comprising a first steering pulley (4) arranged on the roof and a second steering pulley (5) arranged on the support assembly, the distance between the second steering pulley (5) and the roof being no less than the height of the steel component (1), the steel wire rope on the hoist (2) passing through the first steering pulley (4) and the second steering pulley (5) in sequence and connected to one side of the steel component (1); A force unloading mechanism, the force unloading mechanism comprising a connecting piece arranged on the roof (3) of the lower floor, the connecting piece being connected to a first steering pulley (4), a prestressed steel wire rope (6) being arranged between the connecting piece and the side wall of the lower floor, the prestressed steel wire rope (6) being arranged obliquely.

2. The steel member hoisting device for confined space according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support assembly comprises a hoisting mast (7) fixedly connected to the roof, the hoisting mast (7) is in an inverted L-shape, the second steering pulley (5) is installed below the cross bar on the hoisting mast (7), and the second steering pulley (5) is vertically opposite to the connection point between the steel wire rope on the winch (2) and the steel structure (1).

3. The steel member hoisting device for confined space according to claim 2, characterized in that: Movable pulleys (8) are respectively arranged in the middle of two opposite sides of the steel component (1); the second steering pulley (5) is vertically opposite to the movable pulley (8); and the steel wire rope on the winch (2) passes through the first steering pulley (4), the second steering pulley (5) and the movable pulley (8) to lift the steel component (1).

4. The steel member hoisting device for confined space according to claim 2, characterized in that: A first hand chain hoist (9) is tensioned between the side of the hoisting mast (7) away from the second diverting pulley (5) and the existing roof structure, and prestress is applied to the first hand chain hoist (9).

5. The steel member hoisting device for confined space according to claim 1, characterized in that: A balancing mechanism is also provided, the balancing mechanism comprising two balancing masts (10) fixedly connected to the roof, the two balancing masts (10) being symmetrically distributed on both sides of the hoisting mast (7), the balancing mast (10) being connected to the steel structure (1) via a steel wire rope, and a second hand winch being provided on the steel wire rope.

6. The hoisting device for a steel member (1) in a confined space according to claim 1, characterized in that: A fixed pulley (11) is arranged on the existing structure of the roof. The fixed pulley (11) and the first steering pulley (4) are located at the same height. The axis of the fixed pulley (11) is perpendicular to the roof, and the axis of the first steering pulley (4) is parallel to the roof. The steel wire rope on the winch (2) passes through the fixed pulley (11) and then passes through the first steering pulley (4) after being diverted.

7. The steel member hoisting device for confined space according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting member comprises a steel plate (12) arranged on the roof (3) of the lower floor, and a plurality of connecting columns (13) are arranged on the base of the first steering pulley (4). The connecting columns (13) sequentially penetrate the base of the first steering pulley (4), the roof (3) of the lower floor, and the steel plate (12) and are locked by locking nuts (14).

8. The steel member hoisting device for confined space according to claim 1, characterized in that: The angle between the prestressed steel wire rope (6) and the side wall of the lower floor is no greater than 45°.

9. A method for hoisting a steel member in a confined space, using the hoisting device for a steel member in a confined space according to claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: transporting the parts of the steel structure (1) to the bottom of the lifting point and assembling them; S2: Hoist the support assembly to the roof installation position, and install it after correcting the position; S3: Installing a first diverting pulley (4) and a second diverting pulley (5); S4: Install the winch (2) on the roof; S5: installing a connecting piece on the roof of the lower floor (3) and connecting it to the first diverting pulley (4), and installing a prestressed steel wire rope (6) between the connecting piece and the side wall of the lower floor; S6: The steel wire rope on the winch (2) is turned through the first turning pulley (4) and the second turning pulley (5) and connected to the steel component (1) for hoisting.

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