Water conservancy ditch excavation construction device and construction method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of water conservancy projects, and discloses a water conservancy ditch excavation construction device and a construction method thereof.The water conservancy ditch excavation construction device comprises a plurality of soil loosening assemblies connected into a trapezoidal shovel box and close to a shovel opening, and a conveying assembly arranged in the trapezoidal shovel box; the soil loosening assembly comprises a plurality of arm shovels, a transverse reciprocating driving part and a longitudinal reciprocating driving part, the transverse reciprocating driving part comprises a transverse rod driving part and a transverse rod connected with the transverse rod driving part, the transverse rod driving part drives the transverse rod to reciprocate in the horizontal direction so that the arm shovels can be fed forwards or retreat backwards, and the longitudinal reciprocating driving part comprises a cam and a top plate. And the upper end of the top plate is attached to the bottom of the cam. In the ditch digging and leveling process, the lower leveling face of the trapezoidal shovel box can be attached to the bottom of a ditch all the time, the flatness of the ditch is guaranteed while the effect that soil materials are automatically and conveniently conveyed outwards is achieved, the rework probability is extremely low, and the overall progress of engineering operation is accelerated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of water conservancy engineering, and in particular to a water conservancy ditch excavation construction device and a construction method thereof. Background Art

[0002] A water conservancy project is a project built to control and allocate natural surface water and groundwater to achieve the purpose of eliminating harm and promoting benefits. It is also called a water project. It is usually necessary to build a water conservancy project to control water flow, prevent floods, or regulate and distribute water. Water conservancy projects are inseparable from the use of ditches. As the name suggests, ditches are a general term for waterways dug for irrigation or drainage. The establishment of ditches usually includes surveying and measuring, excavation, leveling, and concrete pouring. Since the shapes of ditches include straight trench ditches and trapezoidal ditches with slope protection, the core steps of ditch establishment are ditch excavation and leveling.

[0003] At present, for special trapezoidal ditches with slope protection, special excavation devices are usually used, which can achieve the functions of excavation and ditch leveling. Specifically, the excavation device includes a mobile carrier, a mechanical arm and a trapezoidal shovel box connected to the end of the mechanical arm, wherein the trapezoidal shovel box includes a horizontal section located at the lowest point in the middle and an inclined section extending and connected to both ends of the horizontal section, wherein the inclination angle between the horizontal section and the inclined section is the angle between the ditch slope protection and the ditch bottom. When in use, the mechanical arm will be used to make the trapezoidal shovel box, with one side of the opening facing the mobile carrier, and tilted into the soil layer. At this time, the shovel mouth of the trapezoidal shovel box is adjusted to extend horizontally. When the construction personnel operate the excavation device, they first shovel part of the soil into the trapezoidal shovel box horizontally, and then control the trapezoidal shovel box to dig upward to fill the trapezoidal shovel box with soil. At this time, the height of the trapezoidal shovel box is raised and the soil is dumped on the road surface on one side, and then returned to the ditch and moved horizontally. During the horizontal movement, the trapezoidal shovel box is used to achieve the leveling of the excavated rough ditch.

[0004] Due to the special structure of the trapezoidal shovel box with two inclined sections and one horizontal section, when dumping soil and controlling the lowering of the trapezoidal shovel box, the middle of the trapezoidal shovel box needs to be accurately aligned with the middle of the ditch in order to continue excavating and leveling. However, the existing trapezoidal ditch excavation device requires construction workers to perform multiple and frequent operations in accordance with multiple steps such as lifting, dumping, lowering and resetting. Each lowering requires construction workers to spend a long time to adjust the alignment of the trapezoidal shovel box, and there will be slight deviations in each alignment, which can easily lead to scratches and damage to the flat ditch and slight deviations in the direction of the subsequent excavation of the flat ditch, making the chance of resuming work higher, which undoubtedly increases the overall work intensity of the staff and affects the overall progress of the engineering operation. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention provides a water conservancy ditch excavation construction device, which can realize efficient and accurate excavation and leveling of the ditch, and the probability of resuming work is relatively small.

[0006] The present invention provides a water conservancy ditch excavation construction device, comprising a plurality of loosening assemblies connected to a trapezoidal shovel box and close to a shovel mouth, and a conveying assembly disposed inside the trapezoidal shovel box. The loosening assemblies located in the inclined section of the trapezoidal shovel box are inclined at the same inclination angle, and the upper ends of the two inclined sections are both open. The loosened soil material that falls into the trapezoidal shovel box after being shoveled is conveyed to the outside of the ditch from the opening by the conveying assembly. The loosening assemblies comprise: a plurality of arm shovels, a transverse reciprocating driving member, and a longitudinal reciprocating driving member. The shovel parts of the plurality of arm shovels extend out of the trapezoidal shovel box, and the arm shovels are evenly distributed vertically. The arm shovels are all connected to a connecting seat. The horizontal reciprocating drive member includes a cross bar and a cross bar driving part connected to the cross bar for driving the cross bar to reciprocate in the horizontal direction. The connecting seat is connected to the cross bar. When the cross bar reciprocates in the horizontal direction, it drives the arm shovel to advance forward or retreat backward. The longitudinal reciprocating drive member includes a top plate, a cam and a cam driving part connected to the cam. The cam is rotatably connected to the trapezoidal shovel box. The lower end of the top plate is connected to the connecting seat and the upper end is in contact with the bottom of the cam. The cam driving part drives the cam to rotate so that the connecting seat that has been displaced to the extreme position in the horizontal direction moves vertically, so that the arm shovel cyclically excavates the soil layer in a rectangular moving trajectory.

[0007] Preferably, at least two groups of loosening assemblies are symmetrically distributed in the horizontal section of the trapezoidal shovel box, and the arm shovels of the same height in the two groups of loosening assemblies are clearance-matched.

[0008] Preferably, the cam driving part includes a horizontal axis and two brackets extending vertically. The horizontal axis is located above the cross bar and the two are parallel. The two brackets are spaced apart and are fixedly connected to the trapezoidal shovel box. The cam is fixedly sleeved on the horizontal axis. The horizontal axis horizontally passes through the two brackets. The horizontal axis is rotatably connected to the brackets. When an external rotational force is applied to the horizontal axis, the horizontal axis drives the cam to rotate. The cross bar horizontally passes through the brackets and is slidably connected to the brackets.

[0009] Preferably, the lower end of the top plate is fixedly connected to the connecting seat by a shaft extending vertically, the length of the top plate is less than half of the distance between the two brackets, and the longitudinal reciprocating drive member also includes: a sliding sleeve and a tension spring, the sliding sleeve is sleeved on the shaft and the two are slidably connected, the sliding sleeve is fixedly connected to the cross bar, the tension spring is sleeved on the shaft between the sliding sleeve and the connecting seat, one end of the tension spring is fixedly connected to the connecting seat, and the other end is fixedly connected to the sliding sleeve.

[0010] Preferably, the cross bar driving part includes: a ring and a compression spring. The ring is closer to the interior of the trapezoidal shovel box than the bracket. The end of the ring away from the bracket is sealed by a fixed blind plate. The blind plate is sleeved and fixedly connected to the horizontal axis. The axial length of one half of the arc surface of the ring is greater than the axial length of the other half of the arc surface. The ring is located at an angle at the height difference. The end of the cross bar close to the ring is in contact with the edge of the lower end of the ring. The horizontal displacement of the cross bar drives the synchronous displacement of each arm shovel. The compression spring is sleeved on the cross bar. One end of the compression spring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the bracket close to the shovel mouth, and the other end is fixedly connected to the sliding sleeve. When the compression spring is in an uncompressed state, the sliding sleeve is close to one side of the bracket in the trapezoidal shovel box.

[0011] Preferably, the conveying assembly includes two conveying parts, which are symmetrically distributed in the trapezoidal shovel box, and the conveying parts include: multiple rotating shafts, multiple sprockets, and multiple scrapers. The multiple rotating shafts are horizontally inserted on the box arm of the trapezoidal shovel box away from the shovel mouth, at least one rotating shaft is located at the horizontal section, and the plane angle formed by the axes of the remaining multiple rotating shafts is the same as the inclination angle of the inclined section. One of the rotating shafts is driven by a motor, and multiple sprockets are fixedly mounted on each rotating shaft. Multiple rotating shafts are each mounted with two sprockets, and each sprocket is meshed and connected by a chain plate group connected end to end. Multiple scrapers are connected to the plate surface of the chain plate. When the scraper rotates to the downward extended position, the soil shoveled into the trapezoidal shovel box is transported to the opening of the inclined section of the trapezoidal shovel box.

[0012] Preferably, the number and position of multiple rotating shafts correspond to each horizontal axis one by one, the rotating shaft is parallel to the axis of the corresponding horizontal axis and is located on the same vertical plane, the end fixing sleeve of the rotating shaft close to the horizontal axis is provided with a first gear, the horizontal axis fixing sleeve is provided with a second gear, and the first gear is combined with the second gear.

[0013] Preferably, an inclined guide plate is provided at the bottom of the trapezoidal shovel box from the shovel mouth to the rear, so that the shoveled soil can automatically roll down to the scraper by utilizing the slope.

[0014] Preferably, the cross bar contacts the special-shaped end surface of the collar through rollers.

[0015] The present invention also provides a construction method of a water conservancy ditch excavation construction device, comprising the following steps:

[0016] S1, the mobile carrier is located above the ground of the ditch to be excavated, and slowly moves backward to pull the trapezoidal shovel box to move horizontally along the ditch;

[0017] S2, control the motor to drive the rotating shaft to rotate, the rotating shaft drives the horizontal shaft to rotate through the meshing of the first gear and the second gear, the rotation of the horizontal shaft drives the ring to rotate, when the cross bar in contact with the thinner end face of the ring gradually moves to the thicker end face, at this time, the top plate above the shaft body contacts the base circle wheel surface of the cam, the cross bar drives the shaft body and each arm shovel to feed horizontally to one side of the soil layer, when the cross bar moves to the thicker end face of the ring, the feeding stops, at this time the cam will give the top plate a downward force, so that the arm shovel digs the soil downward, so that the soil falls;

[0018] S3, the sprocket and the chain plate are driven by the rotating shaft to synchronously drive the scrapers to move toward the upper part of the inclined section of the trapezoidal shovel box. At this time, the soil material that falls and is shoveled into the trapezoidal shovel box will be scraped out of the open ditch from the bottom by the scraper.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effect of the present invention is that: the present invention can realize that when digging and leveling a special trapezoidal ditch, there is no need to frequently control the trapezoidal shovel box to perform multiple and repeated lifting, digging, dumping and other actions, which undoubtedly greatly reduces the labor intensity of the construction personnel. At the same time, the construction personnel only need to control the mobile carrier, that is, the excavator body, to reverse horizontally at a uniform speed in one direction, and use the loosening component to realize the excavation of the soil layer, so that the soil falls quickly after excavation. At this time, the feed force of the trapezoidal shovel box is used to make the soil automatically After entering the trapezoidal shovel box, the soil material in the trapezoidal shovel box can be directly and uniformly transported to the road surface outside the ditch by means of the conveying assembly. Since the device as a whole does not need to be lifted or lowered, the slope protection surface and the ditch bottom will not be scratched and damaged due to the difficulty in accurately lowering the trapezoidal shovel box to its original position in the ditch after being lifted. The flat surface under the trapezoidal shovel box can always be in contact with the ditch bottom, which ensures the flatness of the ditch while realizing the effect of automatic outward transportation of soil material. The probability of resuming work is extremely small, thus ensuring the overall progress of the engineering operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the internal cross-sectional structure of a hydraulic ditch excavation construction device provided by an embodiment of the present invention from a side perspective;

[0021] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A partial enlarged view of part A;

[0022] Figure 3 A partial structural schematic diagram of a hydraulic ditch excavation construction device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the front structure of a water conservancy ditch excavation construction device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5A schematic diagram of the structure of a conveying assembly of a water conservancy ditch excavation construction device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 6 A schematic structural diagram of a soil loosening and excavation process of a water conservancy ditch excavation construction device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a collar structure of a water conservancy ditch excavation construction device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of a collar structure of a water conservancy ditch excavation construction device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Description of reference numerals:

[0029] 1. Mobile carrier; 2. Trapezoidal shovel box; 21. Horizontal section; 22. Inclined section; 23. Shovel mouth; 3. Loosening assembly; 31. Arm shovel; 32. Connecting seat; 33. Axle body; 34. Horizontal axis; 35. Crossbar drive unit; 351. Ring; 352. Blind plate; 353. Crossbar; 354. Compression spring; 355. Sliding sleeve; 356. Tension spring; 357. Top plate; 358. Cam; 4. Conveying assembly; 41. Rotating shaft; 42. Motor; 43. Sprocket; 44. Chain plate group; 45. Scraper; 451. Connector; 4511. Blocking ear; 5. First gear; 6. Second gear; 7. Inclined guide plate; 8. Roller. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] A specific implementation of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but it should be understood that the protection scope of the present invention is not limited by the specific implementation.

[0031] In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms “center”, “longitudinal”, “lateral”, “length”, “width”, “thickness”, “up”, “down”, “front”, “back”, “left”, “right”, “vertical”, “horizontal”, “top”, “bottom”, “inside”, “outside”, “axial”, “radial”, “circumferential”, etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing the technical solutions of the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0032] refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3The present invention provides a water conservancy ditch excavation construction device, wherein a trapezoidal shovel box 2 is towed and controlled by a mobile carrier 1. Specifically, the excavation construction device comprises a plurality of loosening components 3 connected to the trapezoidal shovel box 2 and close to a shovel opening 23, and a conveying component 4 disposed inside the trapezoidal shovel box 2. The loosening components 3 disposed in the inclined sections 22 of the trapezoidal shovel box 2 are inclined at the same inclination angle, and the upper ends of the two inclined sections 22 are both opened. The loosened soil material falling into the trapezoidal shovel box 2 is conveyed by the conveying component 4 from the opening. The soil loosening assembly 3 includes: a plurality of arm shovels 31, a transverse reciprocating drive member, and a longitudinal reciprocating drive member. The shovel parts of the plurality of arm shovels 31 extend outward from the trapezoidal shovel box 2. The arm shovels 31 are evenly distributed vertically. Each arm shovel is connected to a connecting seat 32. The transverse reciprocating drive member includes a cross bar 353 and a cross bar driving portion 35 connected to the cross bar 353 for driving the cross bar 353 to reciprocate in the horizontal direction. The connecting seat 32 is connected to the cross bar 353. When the cross bar 353 is connected to the cross bar 353, the cross bar 353 is connected to the connecting seat 32. When the arm shovel 31 moves back and forth in the horizontal direction, it drives the arm shovel 31 to advance forward or retreat backward. The longitudinal reciprocating driving member includes a top plate 357, a cam 358 and a cam driving part connected to the cam 358. The cam 358 is rotatably connected to the trapezoidal shovel box 2. The lower end of the top plate 357 is connected to the connecting seat 32 and the upper end is in contact with the bottom of the cam 358. The cam driving part drives the cam 358 to rotate so that the connecting seat 32, which has been displaced to the limit position in the horizontal direction, moves vertically, so that the arm shovel 32 excavates the soil layer cyclically in a rectangular moving track. The cam driving part includes a horizontal shaft 34 and two brackets extending vertically. The horizontal shaft 34 is located above the cross bar 353 and the two are parallel. The two brackets are spaced apart and are both fixedly connected to the trapezoidal shovel box 2. The cam 358 is fixedly sleeved on the horizontal shaft 34. The horizontal shaft 34 horizontally penetrates the two brackets. The horizontal shaft 34 is rotatably connected to the brackets. When an external rotational force is applied to the horizontal shaft 34, the horizontal shaft drives the cam 358 to rotate, and the cross bar 353 horizontally penetrates the brackets and is slidably connected to the brackets.

[0033] In the above embodiments, the device can realize that when digging and leveling a special trapezoidal ditch, there is no need to frequently control the trapezoidal shovel box 2 to perform multiple and repeated lifting, digging, dumping and other actions, which undoubtedly greatly reduces the labor intensity of the construction personnel. At the same time, the construction personnel only need to control the mobile carrier 1, that is, the excavator body, to reverse horizontally at a uniform speed in one direction, and use the loosening component 3 to realize the excavation of the soil layer, so that the soil falls quickly after excavation. At this time, the feed force of the trapezoidal shovel box 2 is used to make the soil automatically enter the trapezoidal shovel box 2. Box 2, the soil entering the trapezoidal shovel box 2 can be directly and uniformly transported to the road surface outside the ditch by means of the conveying assembly 4. Since the device as a whole does not need to be lifted or lowered, the slope protection surface and the ditch bottom will not be scratched and damaged due to the difficulty in accurately lowering the trapezoidal shovel box 2 to its original position in the ditch after being lifted. The flat surface below the trapezoidal shovel box 2 can always be in contact with the ditch bottom, which ensures the flatness of the ditch while realizing the effect of automatic outward transportation of soil. The probability of resuming work is extremely small, thereby ensuring the overall progress of the engineering operation.

[0034] Specifically, Figure 1 As shown, the mobile carrier 1 can be a mobile body of an excavator, which is connected to the upper end of the horizontal section 21 of the trapezoidal shovel box 2 through a telescopic cylinder mechanical arm of the same structure, and this embodiment does not make any specific limitation.

[0035] Further, refer to Figure 1 and Figure 5 At least two groups of loosening components 3 are symmetrically distributed in the horizontal section 21, and the arm shovels 31 of the same height in the two groups of loosening components 3 are clearance-matched.

[0036] In the above embodiments, in order to ensure that the soil layer at the middle horizontal section 21 can be excavated, specifically, two groups of loosening components 3 are symmetrically arranged at the horizontal section 21, so that the soil layer in the range area can be excavated.

[0037] Further, refer to Figure 6 There are two brackets connected to the horizontal axis 34, and a spacing is left between the two brackets. Specifically, the upper ends of the two supports are connected to the trapezoidal shovel box 2 through a flange and 4X4 screws with a size of M5.

[0038] Further, refer to Figure 2 , Figure 6The lower end of the top plate 357 is fixedly connected to the connecting seat 32 through a shaft body 33 extending vertically. The length of the top plate 357 is less than half of the distance between the two brackets. The longitudinal reciprocating drive member also includes: a sleeve 355 and a tension spring 356. The sleeve 355 is sleeved on the shaft body 33 and the two are slidably connected. The sleeve 355 is fixedly connected to the cross bar 353. The tension spring 356 is sleeved on the shaft body 33 between the sleeve 355 and the connecting seat 32. One end of the tension spring 356 is fixedly connected to the connecting seat 32, and the other end is fixedly connected to the sleeve 355. The cross bar driving part 35 includes: a collar 351 and a compression spring 354. The collar 351 is closer to the inside of the trapezoidal shovel box 2 than the bracket. The collar 351 is closer to the inside of the trapezoidal shovel box 2 than the bracket. The end of 51 away from the bracket is blocked by a fixed blind plate 352, and the blind plate 352 is sleeved and fixed on the horizontal axis 34. The axial length of one half of the arc surface of the ring 351 is greater than the axial length of the other half of the arc surface. The ring 351 is located at the height difference and is angled. The end of the cross bar 353 close to the side of the ring 351 is in contact with the edge of the lower end of the ring 351. The horizontal displacement of the cross bar 353 drives the synchronous displacement of each arm shovel 31. The compression spring 354 is sleeved on the cross bar 353. One end of the compression spring 354 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the bracket close to the shovel mouth 23, and the other end is fixedly connected to the sliding sleeve 355. When the compression spring 354 is in an uncompressed state, the sliding sleeve 355 is close to one side of the bracket in the trapezoidal shovel box 2.

[0039] In the above embodiment, the control motor 42 drives the rotating shaft 41 to rotate, and the rotating shaft 41 drives the horizontal shaft 34 to rotate through the meshing of the first gear 5 and the second gear 6. The rotation of the horizontal shaft 34 drives the collar 351 to rotate, and the cross bar 353 contacting the thinner end surface of the collar 351 gradually moves to the thicker end surface. At this time, the top plate 357 above the shaft body 33 contacts the base circle wheel surface of the cam 358, and the cross bar 353 drives the shaft body 33 and each arm shovel 31 to feed horizontally toward one side of the soil layer. When the cross bar 353 is displaced to the thicker end surface of the collar 351, the feeding stops. At this time, the cam 358 will give a downward force to the top plate 357, so that the arm shovel 31 digs the soil downward to make the soil fall, and the sprocket 43 and the chain plate synchronously drive each scraper 45 toward the ladder through the drive of the rotating shaft 41. The shovel box 2 moves above the inclined section 22 of the trapezoidal shovel box 2. At this time, the soil that falls and is shoveled in by the trapezoidal shovel box 2 will be scraped out of the open ditch from the bottom by the scraper 45. Specifically, when each shovel arm moves to the lower right, the excavation of the soil layer of the feed amount is completed. At this time, the base circle of the protruding part of the cam 358 is always in contact with the top plate 357. At this time, the height of the top plate 357 will not change. At the same time, the cross bar 353 will rotate from the thicker end face of the ring 351 to the thinner transition gentle slope section. At this time, multiple arm shovels 31 will return to their initial positions. At this time, the top plate 357 will also contact the transition surface of the protruding part of the cam 358 and the base circle of the cam 358, thereby resetting to the initial position under the action of the tension spring 356 until the next soil layer excavation of the feed amount is carried out.

[0040] Further, refer to Figure 5 and Figure 6 The conveying assembly 4 includes two conveying parts, which are symmetrically distributed in the trapezoidal shovel box 2. The conveying parts include: multiple rotating shafts 41, multiple sprockets 43, and multiple scrapers 45. The multiple rotating shafts 41 are horizontally inserted on the box arm of the trapezoidal shovel box 2 away from the shovel mouth 23. At least one rotating shaft 41 is located at the horizontal section 21, and the plane angle formed by the axes of the remaining multiple rotating shafts 41 is the same as the inclination angle of the inclined section 22. One of the rotating shafts 41 is driven by a motor 42, and multiple sprockets 43 are respectively fixedly sleeved on each rotating shaft 41. Multiple rotating shafts 41 are each sleeved with two sprockets 43, and each sprocket 43 is meshed and connected by a chain plate group 44 connected end to end. Multiple scrapers 45 are connected to the plate surface of the chain plate. When the scraper 45 rotates to the downward extension position, the soil shoveled into the trapezoidal shovel box 2 is transported to the opening of the inclined section 22 of the trapezoidal shovel box 2.

[0041] Specifically, considering that the higher the vertical height of the scraper 45 in actual application is, the more soil material can be scraped at a single time. Therefore, in this embodiment, the rotating shaft 41 is preferably moved upward as a whole compared to the position of the trapezoidal shovel box 2 to ensure that the vertical height of the scraper 45 can carry more soil material. At the same time, considering that the scraper 45 will flip upward as it approaches the opening of the trapezoidal shovel box 2, the distance between its chain plate and the upper inner wall of the trapezoidal shovel box 2 is limited. Therefore, in this embodiment, the chain plate and the scraper 45 are connected by a connecting member 451. Specifically, the connecting member 451 is fixedly connected to the chain plate, and the scraper 45 and the connecting member 451 are hinged. When the connecting member When 451 is located below the chain plate, a blocking ear 4511 is provided on one side of the bottom of the connecting piece 451, which can realize the limiting effect on the scraper 45, so that the scraper 45 can still withstand the force of the soil after slowly tilting and rising in height, until the soil is sent out of the trapezoidal shovel box 2. As shown in the figure, the part of the chain plate located at the opening outside the trapezoidal shovel box 2 extends out of it. When the scraper 45 reaches the opening outside the trapezoidal shovel box 2 and rotates upward, it can rely on the existing inclination angle and the gravity of the scraper 45 itself, and rotate to fall into the cavity between the upper inner wall of the trapezoidal shovel box 2 and the upper surface of the chain plate, thereby solving the problems of space occupation and the scraper 45 being too small.

[0042] Further, refer to Figure 6 The number and position of multiple rotating shafts 41 correspond to each horizontal shaft 34 one by one. The rotating shaft 41 is parallel to the axis of the corresponding horizontal shaft 34 and is located on the same vertical plane. The end of the rotating shaft 41 close to the horizontal shaft 34 is fixedly sleeved with a first gear 5, and the horizontal shaft 34 is fixedly sleeved with a second gear 6. The first gear 5 is combined with the second gear 6.

[0043] In the above embodiments, the first gear 5 and the second gear 6 are provided to enable the horizontal shaft 34 to rotate synchronously during the rotation of the rotating shaft 41 .

[0044] Further, refer to Figure 6 The bottom of the trapezoidal shovel box 2 is provided with an inclined guide plate 7 from the shovel opening 23 to the rear position, so that the shoveled soil material can automatically roll down to the scraper 45 by utilizing the slope.

[0045] Further, refer to Figure 6 and Figure 7 The cross bar 353 contacts the special-shaped end surface of the collar 351 through the roller 8.

[0046] In the above embodiments, the friction between the cross bar 353 and the end surface of the sleeve ring 351 can be greatly reduced, and the surface of the roller 8 is provided with a rubber surface to improve the flexibility.

[0047] like Figure 2 and Figure 6 As shown, the present invention also provides a construction method of a water conservancy ditch excavation construction device, comprising the following steps:

[0048] S1, the mobile carrier 1 is located above the ground of the ditch to be excavated, and slowly moves backward to pull the trapezoidal shovel box 2 to move horizontally along the ditch;

[0049] S2, control the motor 42 to drive the rotating shaft 41 to rotate, the rotating shaft 41 drives the horizontal shaft 34 to rotate through the meshing of the first gear 5 and the second gear 6, the rotation of the horizontal shaft 34 drives the collar 351 to rotate, the cross bar 353 in contact with the thinner end face of the collar 351 gradually moves to the thicker end face, at this time, the top plate 357 above the shaft body 33 contacts the base circle wheel surface of the cam 358, the cross bar 353 drives the shaft body 33 and each arm shovel 31 to feed horizontally to one side of the soil layer, when the cross bar 353 moves to the thicker end face of the collar 351, the feeding stops, at this time the cam 358 will give the top plate 357 a downward force, so that the arm shovel 31 digs the soil downward, so that the soil falls;

[0050] S3, the sprocket 43 and the chain plate are driven by the rotating shaft 41 to synchronously drive the scrapers 45 to move toward the upper side of the inclined section 22 of the trapezoidal shovel box 2. At this time, the soil material that falls and is shoveled into the trapezoidal shovel box 2 will be scraped out of the open ditch from the bottom by the scrapers 45.

[0051] In the above embodiments, the device can realize that when digging and leveling a special trapezoidal ditch, there is no need to frequently control the trapezoidal shovel box 2 to perform multiple and repeated lifting, digging, dumping and other actions, which undoubtedly greatly reduces the labor intensity of the construction personnel. At the same time, the construction personnel only need to control the mobile carrier 1, that is, the excavator body, to reverse horizontally at a uniform speed in one direction, and use the loosening component 3 to realize the excavation of the soil layer, so that the soil falls quickly after excavation. At this time, the feeding force of the trapezoidal shovel box 2 is used to make the soil automatically enter the trapezoidal In the shovel box 2, the conveying component 4 can be used to directly and uniformly convey the soil entering the trapezoidal shovel box 2 to the road surface outside the ditch. Since the device as a whole does not need to be lifted or lowered, the trapezoidal shovel box 2 will not be difficult to accurately lower to its original position in the ditch, causing the slope protection surface and the ditch bottom to be scratched and damaged. The flat surface below the trapezoidal shovel box 2 can always be in contact with the ditch bottom, which ensures the flatness of the ditch while realizing the effect of automatic outward conveying of soil. The probability of resuming work is extremely small, which ensures the overall progress of the engineering operation.

[0052] Usage and working principle: The mobile carrier 1 is located above the ground of the ditch to be excavated, and moves slowly backward to pull the trapezoidal shovel box 2 to move horizontally along the ditch, and the motor 42 is controlled to drive the rotating shaft 41 to rotate. The rotating shaft 41 drives the horizontal shaft 34 to rotate through the meshing of the first gear 5 and the second gear 6. The rotation of the horizontal shaft 34 drives the ring 351 to rotate. When the cross bar 353 in contact with the thinner end face of the ring 351 gradually moves to the thicker end face, the top plate 357 above the shaft body 33 is in contact with the base circle wheel surface of the cam 358. The cross bar 353 drives the shaft body 33 and each arm shovel 31 to feed horizontally to one side of the soil layer. When the cross bar 353 moves to the end face of the thicker ring 351, the feeding stops. At this time, the cam 358 will give a downward force to the top plate 357 to make the arm shovel 31 dig the soil downward to make the soil fall. The sprocket 43 and the chain plate are driven by the rotating shaft 41 to synchronously drive each scraper 45 to move toward the top of the inclined section 22 of the trapezoidal shovel box 2. At this time, the soil that falls and is shoveled into the trapezoidal shovel box 2 will be scraped out of the open ditch from the bottom by the scraper 45.

[0053] The above disclosures are only several specific embodiments of the present invention. However, the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto. Any changes that can be conceived by those skilled in the art should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hydraulic ditch excavation construction device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a plurality of loosening assemblies (3) connected to a trapezoidal shovel box (2) and close to a shovel opening (23), and a conveying assembly (4) disposed inside the trapezoidal shovel box (2). The loosening assemblies (3) disposed inside an inclined section (22) of the trapezoidal shovel box (2) are inclined at the same angle, and the upper ends of the two inclined sections (22) are both open. The loosened soil material that falls into the trapezoidal shovel box (2) is conveyed to the outside of the ditch from the opening by the conveying assembly (4). The loosening assemblies (3) comprise: A plurality of arm shovels (31), the shovel parts of which extend outward from the trapezoidal shovel box (2), the arm shovels (31) being evenly distributed in the vertical direction, and the arm shovels (31) being connected to a connecting seat (32); A transverse reciprocating driving member comprises a cross bar (353) and a cross bar driving part (35) connected to the cross bar (353) and used for driving the cross bar (353) to reciprocate in a horizontal direction; the connecting seat (32) is connected to the cross bar (353), and when the cross bar (353) reciprocates in a horizontal direction, the arm shovel (31) is driven to feed forward or retract backward; A longitudinal reciprocating drive member comprises a top plate (357), a cam (358) and a cam driving unit connected to the cam (358); the cam (358) is rotatably connected to a trapezoidal shovel box (2); the lower end of the top plate (357) is connected to a connecting seat (32) and the upper end is in contact with the bottom of the cam (358); the cam driving unit drives the cam (358) to rotate so that the connecting seat (32) which has been laterally displaced to an extreme position moves vertically, so that the arm shovel (32) excavates the soil layer in a circular manner along a rectangular moving trajectory.

2. A hydraulic ditch excavation construction device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: At least two groups of loosening assemblies (3) are symmetrically distributed in the horizontal section (21) of the trapezoidal shovel box (2), and the arm shovels (31) of the same height in the two groups of loosening assemblies (3) are clearance-matched.

3. A hydraulic ditch excavation construction device as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The cam driving part comprises a transverse axis (34) and two brackets extending vertically, wherein the transverse axis (34) is located above the transverse rod (353) and the two are parallel, the two brackets are spaced apart and are both fixedly connected to the trapezoidal shovel box (2), the cam (358) is fixedly sleeved on the transverse axis (34), the transverse axis (34) horizontally penetrates the two brackets, the transverse axis (34) is rotatably connected to the brackets, when an external rotational force is applied to the transverse axis (34), the transverse axis drives the cam (358) to rotate, and the transverse rod (353) horizontally penetrates the brackets and is slidably connected to the brackets.

4. A hydraulic ditch excavation construction device as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The lower end of the top plate (357) is fixedly connected to the connecting seat (32) via a shaft (33) extending vertically, the length of the top plate (357) is less than half of the distance between the two brackets, and the longitudinal reciprocating drive member further includes: A sliding sleeve (355) is sleeved on the shaft body (33) and the two are slidably connected, and the sliding sleeve (355) is fixedly connected to the cross bar (353); A tension spring (356) is sleeved on the shaft (33) between the sliding sleeve (355) and the connecting seat (32); one end of the tension spring (356) is fixedly connected to the connecting seat (32), and the other end is fixedly connected to the sliding sleeve (355).

5. A hydraulic ditch excavation construction device as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The crossbar driving unit (35) comprises: The collar (351) is located closer to the inside of the trapezoidal shovel box (2) than the bracket. The end of the collar (351) away from the bracket is blocked by a fixed blind plate (352). The blind plate (352) is sleeved and fixedly connected to the transverse axis (34). The axial length of one half of the arc surface of the collar (351) is greater than the axial length of the other half of the arc surface. The collar (351) is tilted at the height difference. The end of the cross bar (353) close to one side of the collar (351) is in contact with the lower end of the collar (351) along the edge. The horizontal displacement of the cross bar (353) drives the synchronous displacement of each arm shovel (31). A compression spring (354) is sleeved on the cross bar (353), one end of the compression spring (354) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the bracket near the shovel mouth (23), and the other end is fixedly connected to the sliding sleeve (355). When the compression spring (354) is in an uncompressed state, the sliding sleeve (355) is close to one side of the bracket in the trapezoidal shovel box (2).

6. A hydraulic ditch excavation construction device as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The conveying assembly (4) comprises two conveying parts, which are symmetrically distributed in the trapezoidal shovel box (2), and the conveying parts include: A plurality of rotating shafts (41) are horizontally inserted on the box arm of the trapezoidal shovel box (2) away from the shovel opening (23), at least one rotating shaft (41) is located at the horizontal section (21), and the plane angle formed by the axes of the remaining plurality of rotating shafts (41) is the same as the inclination angle of the inclined section (22); A plurality of sprockets (43) are respectively fixedly sleeved on each rotating shaft (41), and each rotating shaft (41) is sleeved with two sprockets (43), and each sprocket (43) is meshed through a chain plate group (44) connected end to end; A plurality of scrapers (45) are connected to the plate surface of the chain plate. When the scrapers (45) rotate to a downwardly extending position, the soil material shoveled into the trapezoidal shovel box (2) is transported to the opening of the inclined section (22).

7. A hydraulic ditch excavation construction device as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: The number and position of the plurality of rotating shafts (41) correspond to each transverse shaft (34) one by one. The rotating shaft (41) is parallel to the axis of the corresponding transverse shaft (34) and is located on the same vertical plane. The end of the rotating shaft (41) close to the transverse shaft (34) is fixedly sleeved with a first gear (5). The transverse shaft (34) is fixedly sleeved with a second gear (6). The first gear (5) is combined with the second gear (6).

8. A hydraulic ditch excavation construction device as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: The bottom of the trapezoidal shovel box (2) is provided with an inclined guide plate (7) from the shovel opening (23) to the rear, so that the shoveled soil material can automatically roll down to the scraper (45) by utilizing the slope.

9. A hydraulic ditch excavation construction device as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The cross bar (353) contacts the special-shaped end surface of the collar (351) via a roller (8).

10. A construction method for the hydraulic ditch excavation construction device as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. As the trapezoidal shovel box (2) moves horizontally along the ditch, the rotating shaft (41) drives the horizontal shaft (34) to rotate through the meshing of the first gear (5) and the second gear (6). The rotation of the horizontal shaft (34) drives the collar (351) to rotate. When the cross bar (353) in contact with the thinner end face of the collar (351) gradually moves toward the thicker end face, the top plate (357) above the shaft body (33) contacts the base circle wheel surface of the cam (358). The cross bar (353) drives the shaft body (33) and each arm shovel (31) to feed toward one side of the soil layer. When the cross bar (353) moves to the thicker end face of the collar (351), the feeding stops. The cam (358) gives a downward force to the top plate (357) so that the arm shovel (31) digs the soil downward. S2, the sprocket (43) and the chain plate are driven by the rotating shaft (41) to synchronously drive the scrapers (45) to move toward the upper part of the inclined section (22) of the trapezoidal shovel box (2). At this time, the soil material that falls and is shoveled into the trapezoidal shovel box (2) will be scraped out of the open ditch from the bottom by the scrapers (45).

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