Ku / Ka composite ultra-wideband high-reliability common-caliber dielectric resonant antenna

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of antennas, in particular to a Ku / Ka composite ultra-wideband high-reliability common-caliber dielectric resonant antenna. The antenna comprises a dielectric substrate, a Ku-frequency-band dielectric resonant antenna and a Ka-frequency-band dielectric resonant antenna, the Ku frequency band dielectric resonant antenna is of a cross structure, and the four Ka frequency band dielectric resonant antennas are of cuboid structures and are located at the four corners of the dielectric substrate respectively. According to the invention, on the basis of realizing double-frequency common-caliber, the ultra-wideband work of Ku and the ultra-wideband work of Ka can be realized at the same time; the size of the antenna substrate is selected to be 9mm * 9mm so as to facilitate later phased array arrangement, the distance between the Ku antenna units is kept to be 9mm, large-angle grating lobe-free scanning of the Ku frequency band can be realized, and meanwhile, the distance between the Ka antenna units is 4.5 mm, and large-angle grating lobe-free scanning of the Ka frequency band antenna can also be realized. The welding mode between multiple points in each unit medium and the medium substrate improves the installation reliability of the medium antenna, and can meet various use environments.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of antenna technology, in particular to a Ku / Ka composite ultra-wideband high-reliability common-aperture dielectric resonant antenna. Background Art

[0002] With the large demand for co-aperture antennas and their arrays on various military electronic platforms, the design and research of co-aperture antennas and their arrays have become increasingly important. Co-aperture antennas are antennas of different forms, sizes, and frequencies placed under a common aperture. Due to the rapid development of military radar, electronic warfare, and commercial wireless communications, co-aperture antennas are becoming increasingly important. However, many traditional co-aperture antennas are either narrowband or their antenna size exceeds half the wavelength of the operating frequency. The research on broadband co-aperture antennas is still a difficult problem. Summary of the invention

[0003] The object of the present invention is to provide a Ku / Ka composite ultra-wideband high-reliability common-aperture dielectric resonant antenna, comprising: a dielectric substrate, a Ku-band dielectric resonant antenna and a Ka-band dielectric resonant antenna;

[0004] The Ku-band dielectric resonant antenna is a cross structure, and a Ku metal welding structure is arranged at the intersection of the bottom end surface and the side surface of three cross structures of the Ku-band dielectric resonant antenna, and the Ku-band dielectric resonant antenna is welded to the welding pad on the upper end surface of the dielectric substrate through the Ku metal welding structure; the coaxial feed connected to the Ku-band dielectric resonant antenna extends from the lower end surface of the dielectric substrate into the cross structure of the Ku-band dielectric resonant antenna where the Ku metal welding structure is not arranged; the Ku dielectric antenna part at the coaxial feed connected to the Ku-band dielectric resonant antenna is hollowed out to form a cavity, so that half of the Ku feed line is exposed to the air;

[0005] The four Ka-band dielectric resonant antennas are all rectangular structures and are respectively located at the four corners of the dielectric substrate; an L-shaped Ka metal welding structure is arranged at the intersection of the bottom end surface and the side of the two opposite bottom corners of the Ka-band dielectric resonant antenna, and the four Ka-band dielectric resonant antennas are all welded to the dielectric substrate through their respective Ka metal welding structures; the coaxial feed connected to the Ka-band dielectric resonant antenna extends into the Ka-band dielectric resonant antenna from the lower end surface of the dielectric substrate.

[0006] Furthermore, a metal floor is installed on the lower end surface of the dielectric substrate, and the coaxial feed of the Ku-band dielectric resonant antenna and the grounding of the coaxial feed of the Ka-band dielectric resonant antenna are both located below the metal floor, and the feed port position is also located on the lower end surface of the dielectric substrate;

[0007] A plurality of metal ground holes are evenly distributed around the dielectric substrate, and the metal ground holes are located in the dielectric substrate.

[0008] Furthermore, around the coaxial feed of each Ku-band dielectric resonant antenna, two circles of metal ground holes are distributed in a circular shape, and the metal ground holes are all located in the dielectric substrate.

[0009] Further, the thickness H1 of the dielectric substrate is 0.508 mm, the height H2 of the Ka-band dielectric resonant antenna is 2 mm, the length H3 of the coaxial feed of the Ka-band dielectric resonant antenna extending into the Ka-band dielectric resonant antenna is 1 mm, and the height H4 of the Ku-band dielectric resonant antenna is 4 mm;

[0010] A feeding hole is provided in the Ku-band dielectric resonant antenna, and a coaxial feed connected to the Ku-band dielectric resonant antenna extends into the feeding hole. The height H5 of the feeding hole is 4 mm, and the width W10 of the feeding hole is 1 mm.

[0011] Furthermore, the length and width of the dielectric substrate are the same, and the side length W is 9 mm;

[0012] The distance W2 between one side of the Ka-band dielectric resonant antenna and the edge of the dielectric substrate is 1.45 mm, and the distance L9 between the other side and the edge of the dielectric substrate is 1.45 mm;

[0013] The radius R1 of the coaxial feed connected to the Ka-band dielectric resonant antenna is 0.15 mm, and the distances W3 and L3 between the center of the coaxial feed connected to the Ka-band dielectric resonant antenna and the two sides of the Ka-band dielectric resonant antenna are 0.8 mm and 0.35 mm respectively;

[0014] The width W1 of the cross protrusion relative to the Ku-band dielectric resonant antenna is 1.7mm, and the length L4 is 1.65mm; the radius R2 of the coaxial feed connecting the Ku-band dielectric resonant antenna is 0.15mm, and the length W8 and L7 of the center of the circle from the two sides of the Ku-band dielectric resonant antenna are 0.8mm and 0.35mm respectively.

[0015] Furthermore, the center spacing L8 of the metal ground holes distributed around the dielectric substrate is 0.5 mm.

[0016] Furthermore, the dielectric constant of the Ku-band dielectric resonant antenna is 9.5, and the dielectric constant of the Ka-band dielectric resonant antenna is 6.15.

[0017] Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0018] 1. The present invention can realize the ultra-wideband operation of Ku and the ultra-wideband operation of Ka simultaneously on the basis of realizing dual-frequency common aperture;

[0019] 2. The antenna substrate size of the present invention is selected to be 9mm*9mm in order to facilitate the subsequent phased array assembly. The Ku antenna unit spacing is kept at 9mm, which can achieve large-angle grating-free scanning in the Ku band. At the same time, the Ka antenna unit spacing is 4.5mm, which can also achieve large-angle grating-free scanning of the Ka band antenna.

[0020] 3. The present invention proposes a welding method between multiple points inside each unit dielectric and the dielectric substrate, which improves the installation reliability of the dielectric antenna and can meet various usage environments.

[0021] Other advantages, objectives and features of the present invention will be described in the following description to some extent, and to some extent, will be obvious to those skilled in the art based on the following examination and study, or can be taught from the practice of the present invention. The objectives and other advantages of the present invention can be achieved and obtained through the following description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] The accompanying drawings of the present invention are as follows.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the Ku / Ka composite ultra-wideband high-reliability co-aperture dielectric resonant antenna.

[0024] Figure 2 This is a top view of the Ku / Ka composite ultra-wideband high-reliability common-aperture dielectric resonant antenna.

[0025] Figure 3 This is the exploded diagram of the Ku / Ka composite ultra-wideband high-reliability common-aperture dielectric resonant antenna.

[0026] Figure 4 This is a top-down dimension diagram of the Ku / Ka composite ultra-wideband high-reliability common-aperture dielectric resonant antenna.

[0027] Figure 5 This is the front view dimension diagram of the Ku / Ka composite ultra-wideband high-reliability common-aperture dielectric resonant antenna.

[0028] Figure 6 This is a simulation diagram of the impact of different parameters W5 on antenna parameters.

[0029] Figure 7 This is a simulation diagram of the impact of different parameters H2 on the S11 parameters of the Ka antenna.

[0030] Figure 8 This is the S parameter curve of the Ku-band dielectric resonant antenna.

[0031] Fig. 9 This is the S parameter curve of the Ka-band dielectric resonant antenna.

[0032] Fig.10The E-plane and H-plane radiation patterns of the Ku-band dielectric resonant antenna at 13.0 GHz.

[0033] Fig.11 The E-plane and H-plane radiation patterns of the Ku-band dielectric resonant antenna at 16.5 GHz.

[0034] Fig.12 The E-plane and H-plane radiation patterns of the Ku-band dielectric resonant antenna at 20.0 GHz.

[0035] Fig.13 The E-plane and H-plane radiation patterns of the Ka-band dielectric resonant antenna at 33 GHz.

[0036] Fig.14 The E-plane and H-plane radiation patterns of the Ka-band dielectric resonant antenna at 36 GHz.

[0037] Fig.15 The E-plane and H-plane radiation patterns of the Ka-band dielectric resonant antenna at 41 GHz.

[0038] In the figure: 1. dielectric substrate; 2. Ku-band dielectric resonant antenna; 3. Ka-band dielectric resonant antenna; 4. Ku metal welding structure; 5. coaxial feed connected to Ku-band dielectric resonant antenna; 6. Ka metal welding structure; 7. coaxial feed connected to Ka-band dielectric resonant antenna; 8. metal floor; 9. metal ground hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0040] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, which are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the embodiments of the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0041] A Ku / Ka composite ultra-wideband high-reliability common-aperture dielectric resonant antenna, as shown in the perspective diagram Figure 1 As shown, the top view is Figure 2 As shown, the side view is Figure 3 As shown, the structural explosion diagram is as follows Figure 4 As shown, the specific structure includes: a dielectric substrate 1, a Ku-band dielectric resonant antenna 2 and a Ka-band dielectric resonant antenna 3;

[0042] The Ku-band dielectric resonant antenna 2 is a cross structure, and a Ku metal welding structure 4 is provided at the intersection of the bottom end surface and the side surface of three cross structures of the Ku-band dielectric resonant antenna 2, and the Ku-band dielectric resonant antenna 2 is welded on the dielectric substrate 1 through the Ku metal welding structure 4; a coaxial feed 5 connected to the Ku-band dielectric resonant antenna extends from the lower end surface of the dielectric substrate 1 into the cross structure of the Ku-band dielectric resonant antenna 2 where the Ku metal welding structure 4 is not provided;

[0043] The four Ka-band dielectric resonant antennas 3 are all rectangular structures and are respectively located at the four corners of the Ku-band dielectric resonant antenna 2; an L-shaped Ka metal welding structure 6 is provided at the intersection of the bottom end surface and the side of the two opposite bottom corners of the Ka-band dielectric resonant antenna 3, and the four Ka-band dielectric resonant antennas 3 are all welded to the dielectric substrate 1 through their respective Ka metal welding structures 6; the coaxial feed 7 connected to the Ka-band dielectric resonant antenna extends into the Ka-band dielectric resonant antenna 3 from the lower end surface of the dielectric substrate 1.

[0044] In this embodiment, four Ka-band dielectric resonant antennas 3 are placed at the four corners of the Ku-band antenna 2, so that the Ku and Ka bands are in the same caliber. The metal welding structure realizes the reliable assembly between the dielectric resonant antenna and the dielectric substrate 1. The L-shaped Ka metal welding structure 6 is symmetrically placed on the two outer diagonals of the Ka-band dielectric resonant antenna 2, which is convenient for welding and ensures the reliable installation of the Ka-band dielectric resonant antenna 2 and the dielectric substrate. The Ku-band dielectric resonant antenna 3 is provided with Ku metal welding structures 4 on the other three surfaces except the feeding surface, which ensures the reliable assembly of the Ku-band dielectric resonant antenna 2. The above-mentioned metal welding structures of the Ku and Ka-band dielectric resonant antennas do not affect the radiation performance of the antenna.

[0045] Specifically, a metal floor 8 is installed on the lower end surface of the dielectric substrate 1, and the coaxial feed 5 of the Ku-band dielectric resonant antenna and the grounding of the coaxial feed 7 connected to the Ka-band dielectric resonant antenna are both located below the metal floor 8;

[0046] A plurality of metal ground holes 9 are evenly distributed around the dielectric substrate 1 , and the metal ground holes 9 are located inside the dielectric substrate 1 .

[0047] In this embodiment, the uniform metal ground holes 9 around the dielectric substrate 1 are used to shield the mutual influence between the entire Ku / Ka composite antenna unit and the adjacent Ku / Ka composite antenna unit, mainly to prevent the signals of the adjacent composite antennas from coupling with each other through the dielectric substrate.

[0048] Specifically, around the coaxial feed of each Ku-band dielectric resonant antenna 2 , two circles of metal ground holes 9 are distributed in a circular shape, and the metal ground holes 9 are all located in the dielectric substrate 1 .

[0049] The two circles of metal ground holes 9 distributed in a circular shape are to prevent the signals between the Ku-band dielectric resonant antennas 2 from passing through the dielectric substrate 1 and entering the other three Ku-band dielectric resonant antennas 2, thereby causing a strong mutual coupling problem between the four Ku-band dielectric resonant antennas.

[0050] In this embodiment, the two inner coaxial metal ground holes 9 on the dielectric substrate 1 at the bottom of each Ka-band dielectric resonant antenna 3 are intended to prevent signals between the Ka-band dielectric resonant antennas 3 from passing through the dielectric substrate 1 and entering the other three Ka-band dielectric resonant antennas 3, thereby preventing strong mutual coupling problems between the four Ka-band dielectric resonant antennas 3.

[0051] The dielectric constant of the dielectric substrate is 3.66, the thickness of the dielectric substrate is 0.508mm, and the feed of the Ku / Ka band dielectric resonant antenna is a 50 ohm coaxial feed structure. The four feeds on the periphery are the feeds of the Ka band dielectric resonant antenna, and the one in the middle is the feed of the Ku band dielectric resonant antenna. The feeds of the four Ka band dielectric resonant antennas are placed inside the dielectric, while the feed of the Ku band dielectric resonant antenna is partly in the dielectric and partly in the air, because the dielectric in the middle is partially hollowed out. The Ku band dielectric resonant antenna is composed of a cross-shaped dielectric structure with a dielectric constant of 9.5, and the Ku band dielectric resonant antenna is composed of a cubic dielectric structure with a dielectric constant of 6.15. In order to ensure that the co-aperture antenna can realize phased array scanning and no grating lobes appear within the scanning range, the size of the dielectric substrate of the co-aperture antenna is 0.6 of the wavelength corresponding to the highest operating frequency of the Ku band. Placing a circle of metallized ground holes around the dielectric substrate can better achieve isolation between co-aperture antenna units. The height, width, length of the dielectric structure of the Ku-band dielectric resonant antenna and the dielectric structure of the Ka-band dielectric resonant antenna, as well as the position of the feed in the dielectric resonant structure will all affect the performance of the antenna.

[0052] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 The dimensions of the Ku / Ka composite ultra-wideband high-reliability co-aperture dielectric resonant antenna are shown in the following table:

[0053] parameter W L <![CDATA[W1]]> <![CDATA[W2]]> <![CDATA[W3]]> Value(mm) 9 9 1.7 1.45 0.8 parameter <![CDATA[W4]]> <![CDATA[W5]]> <![CDATA[W6]]> <![CDATA[W7]]> <![CDATA[W8]]> Value(mm) 1.65 0.5 1.6 1.65 0.8 parameter <![CDATA[W9]]> <![CDATA[W 10 ]]> <![CDATA[L1]]> <![CDATA[L2]]> <![CDATA[L3]]> Value(mm) 2.9 1 2.9 1.7 0.35 parameter <![CDATA[L4]]> <![CDATA[L5]]> <![CDATA[L6]]> <![CDATA[L7]]> <![CDATA[L8]]> Value(mm) 1.65 1.65 0.85 0.35 0.5 parameter <![CDATA[L9]]> <![CDATA[H1]]> <![CDATA[H2]]> <![CDATA[H3]]> <![CDATA[H4]]> Value(mm) 1.45 0.508 2 1 4 parameter <![CDATA[H5]]> <![CDATA[R1]]> <![CDATA[R2]]> Value(mm) 1.9 0.15 0.15

[0054] Figure 6 The S parameter curves of the Ku band corresponding to different values ​​of the parameter W5. It can be seen that when W5 = 0.5mm, the Ku-band dielectric resonant antenna can obtain the best impedance matching. When the value of W5 increases from 0.5mm to 1.5mm, the S parameter of the Ku-band dielectric resonant antenna moves toward high frequency. Figure 7 It is the S parameter curve of one of the Ka-band dielectric resonant antennas in the Ka-band corresponding to different values ​​of the parameter H2. When H2=2mm, the Ka-band dielectric resonant antenna has a good match. When the H2 parameter changes from 1mm to 2mm with an interval of 0.2mm, the impedance matching of the low-frequency resonance point of the S parameter of the Ka-band dielectric resonant antenna is better.

[0055] Figure 8 It is the S parameter curve of the Ku-band dielectric resonant antenna, whose operating bandwidth is 13 GHz to 22 GHz and the achieved impedance bandwidth is about 51.4%.

[0056] Fig. 9 It is the S parameter curve of the Ka-band dielectric resonant antenna, which has an operating bandwidth of 32.5 GHz to 41.5 GHz and an impedance bandwidth of 24.3%.

[0057] Figures 10 to 12 The E-plane and H-plane radiation patterns of the Ku-band dielectric resonant antenna are 13.0 GHz, 16.5 GHz, and 20.0 GHz, respectively. It can be seen that as the frequency increases, the radiation pattern of the antenna does not become distorted.

[0058] Figures 13 to 15 The E-plane and H-plane radiation patterns of the Ka-band dielectric resonant antenna are 33 GHz, 36 GHz and 41 GHz respectively. For the Ka-band dielectric resonant antenna, its radiation pattern will be distorted as the frequency increases.

[0059] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, ordinary technicians in the relevant field should understand that the specific implementation methods of the present invention can still be modified or replaced by equivalents. Any modification or equivalent replacement that does not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A Ku / Ka composite ultra-wideband high-reliability common-aperture dielectric resonant antenna, characterized in that: The antenna comprises: a dielectric substrate, a Ku-band dielectric resonant antenna and a Ka-band dielectric resonant antenna; The Ku-band dielectric resonant antenna has a cross structure. A Ku metal welding structure is provided at the intersection of the bottom end surface and the side surface of three of the cross structures of the Ku-band dielectric resonant antenna. The Ku-band dielectric resonant antenna is welded to a welding pad on the upper end surface of the dielectric substrate via the Ku metal welding structure. The coaxial feed connected to the Ku-band dielectric resonant antenna extends from the lower end surface of the dielectric substrate into the cross structure of the Ku-band dielectric resonant antenna where the Ku metal welding structure is not provided. The Ku dielectric antenna portion connected to the coaxial feed of the Ku-band dielectric resonant antenna is hollowed out to form a cavity, so that half of the Ku feed line is exposed to the air. The four Ka-band dielectric resonant antennas are all rectangular structures and are located at the four corners of the dielectric substrate respectively; an L-shaped Ka metal welding structure is provided at the intersection of the bottom end surface and the side of the two opposite bottom corners of the Ka-band dielectric resonant antenna, and the four Ka-band dielectric resonant antennas are all welded to the dielectric substrate through their respective Ka metal welding structures; the coaxial feed connected to the Ka-band dielectric resonant antenna extends into the Ka-band dielectric resonant antenna from the lower end surface of the dielectric substrate.

2. The Ku / Ka composite ultra-wideband high-reliability common-aperture dielectric resonant antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: A metal floor is installed on the lower end surface of the dielectric substrate. The grounding of the coaxial feed of the Ku-band dielectric resonant antenna and the coaxial feed of the Ka-band dielectric resonant antenna are both located below the metal floor, and the feed port is also located on the lower end surface of the dielectric substrate. A plurality of metal ground holes are evenly distributed around the dielectric substrate, and the metal ground holes are located in the dielectric substrate.

3. The Ku / Ka composite ultra-wideband high-reliability common-aperture dielectric resonant antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that: Two circles of metal ground holes are distributed in a circular pattern around the coaxial feed of each Ku-band dielectric resonant antenna, and the metal ground holes are all located in the dielectric substrate.

4. The Ku / Ka composite ultra-wideband high-reliability common-aperture dielectric resonant antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that: The thickness H1 of the dielectric substrate is 0.508 mm, the height H2 of the Ka-band dielectric resonant antenna is 2 mm, the length H3 of the coaxial feed of the Ka-band dielectric resonant antenna extending into the Ka-band dielectric resonant antenna is 1 mm, and the height H4 of the Ku-band dielectric resonant antenna is 4 mm. A feeding hole is provided in the Ku-band dielectric resonant antenna, and a coaxial feed connected to the Ku-band dielectric resonant antenna extends into the feeding hole. The height H5 of the feeding hole is 4 mm, and the width W10 of the feeding hole is 1 mm.

5. The Ku / Ka composite ultra-wideband high-reliability common-aperture dielectric resonant antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that: The length and width of the dielectric substrate are the same, and the side length W is 9 mm; The distance W2 between one side of the Ka-band dielectric resonant antenna and the edge of the dielectric substrate is 1.45 mm, and the distance L9 between the other side and the edge of the dielectric substrate is 1.45 mm. The radius R1 of the coaxial feed connected to the Ka-band dielectric resonant antenna is 0.15 mm, and the distances W3 and L3 between the center of the coaxial feed connected to the Ka-band dielectric resonant antenna and the two sides of the Ka-band dielectric resonant antenna are 0.8 mm and 0.35 mm respectively; The width W1 of the cross protrusion relative to the Ku-band dielectric resonant antenna is 1.7mm, and the length L4 is 1.65mm; the radius R2 of the coaxial feed connecting the Ku-band dielectric resonant antenna is 0.15mm, and the lengths W8 and L7 of the center of the circle from the two sides of the Ku-band dielectric resonant antenna are 0.8mm and 0.35mm respectively.

6. The Ku / Ka composite ultra-wideband high-reliability common-aperture dielectric resonant antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that: The center spacing L8 of the metal ground holes distributed around the dielectric substrate is 0.5 mm.

7. The Ku / Ka composite ultra-wideband high-reliability common-aperture dielectric resonant antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dielectric constant of the Ku-band dielectric resonant antenna is 9.5, and the dielectric constant of the Ka-band dielectric resonant antenna is 6.15.

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