Half-bridge hybrid cascaded battery flexible matrix and control method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a half-bridge hybrid cascade battery flexible matrix and a control method thereof. The battery flexible matrix consists of two half-bridge hybrid cascade systems and six change-over switches which are respectively connected with a photovoltaic direct current charging Vp, an off-grid alternating current load RL (such as a refrigerator, an air conditioner, an electromagnetic range and the like) and a grid-connected Vs, namely an alternating current power grid. Any one of the two half-bridge hybrid cascade systems can be connected with photovoltaic charging, connected with an alternating-current power grid to charge a battery or feed power to the power grid, connected with an alternating-current load to provide alternating-current voltage for the load, and also can provide direct-current voltage for a special load. According to the flexible battery matrix, the battery can be charged by a photovoltaic device, the battery can provide alternating current voltage for a power grid or a load, the photovoltaic device and the power grid can charge two flexible battery systems together, or the two flexible battery systems can provide alternating current and direct current voltage for the power grid or the load together.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of battery energy storage technology, and in particular to a half-bridge hybrid cascade battery flexible matrix and a control method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The topology of traditional battery photovoltaic storage system includes photovoltaic panels, battery packs, battery management system BMS, converter PCS and MPPT, etc. MPPT is connected to photovoltaic power generation and converted into DC power to supply DC bus; the DC side of PCS is connected to DC bus, and the AC side is connected to load or grid.

[0003] The consistency and reliability of photovoltaic panels will cause MPPT input voltage fluctuations, which can reduce the conversion efficiency of MPPT or cause photovoltaic power generation failure.

[0004] The consistency of battery cell manufacturing and the thermal design of the battery system have led to a deterioration trend in the consistency of the battery cells during use. The physical connection of the battery cells is to "hard-wire" the battery cells in series using a laser welding process. According to the current mainstream BMS algorithm, the SOC of the lagging battery cell determines the usage boundary of the battery system. The battery management system in the related technology cannot effectively and timely warn and monitor the thermal runaway of the battery cell, which can easily cause the thermal runaway of a single battery cell to spread to adjacent batteries and cause fire or even explosion. The balancing function and converter of the BMS not only increase the complexity of the electromagnetic interference of the energy storage system, but also increase the cost and reduce the energy conversion efficiency.

[0005] Problems existing in related technologies have led to poor safety, short service life and high cost in the application of traditional photovoltaic storage systems. In particular, the frequent occurrence of serious accidents such as fires and explosions in electric vehicles and energy storage power stations caused by thermal runaway of batteries has affected the healthy development of the industry, and the costs of electric transportation and energy storage products remain high.

[0006] The above statements are only used to provide background information related to the present application and do not necessarily constitute prior art. Summary of the invention

[0007] The purpose of this application is to provide a half-bridge hybrid cascade battery flexible matrix and a control method thereof. In order to have a basic understanding of some aspects of the disclosed embodiments, a simple summary is given below. This summary is not a general review, nor is it intended to identify key / important components or describe the scope of protection of these embodiments. Its only purpose is to present some concepts in a simple form as a preface to the detailed description that follows.

[0008] According to one aspect of an embodiment of the present application, a half-bridge hybrid cascade battery flexible matrix is ​​provided, comprising at least one half-bridge hybrid cascade system, wherein the half-bridge hybrid cascade system comprises a master controller, a master filter inductor, and a plurality of module units connected to the master controller, each of the module units comprising a module controller, a half-bridge cascade module, and a full-bridge cascade module connected in sequence; the module controller is connected to the master controller; the full-bridge cascade modules are connected in sequence, and one end of the master filter inductor is connected to the first of all the full-bridge cascade modules.

[0009] In some embodiments of the present application, the battery flexible matrix also includes two switching switch modules, and the two switching switch modules are connected to the two half-bridge hybrid stages in a one-to-one manner; each of the switching switch modules includes three switch units connected to the corresponding half-bridge hybrid cascade system; the switch unit includes two NPN transistors, and the emitters of the two NPN transistors are connected to each other.

[0010] In some embodiments of the present application, the half-bridge cascade module includes a plurality of half-bridge cascade units connected in sequence, and each of the half-bridge cascade units includes a battery cell and a plurality of switches.

[0011] In some embodiments of the present application, the switch includes MOSFET, IGBT, GaN or SiC, and a switch made by connecting them in parallel.

[0012] In some embodiments of the present application, each of the half-bridge cascade units includes a battery cell, a first NMOSFET and a second NMOSFET, the source of the first NMOSFET is connected to the drain of the second NMOSFET, the drain of the first NMOSFET is connected to the positive electrode of the battery cell, and the source of the second NMOSFET is connected to the negative electrode of the battery cell; in each two adjacent half-bridge cascade units, the negative electrode of the battery cell of one half-bridge cascade unit is connected to the source of the first NMOSFET in the other half-bridge cascade unit.

[0013] In some embodiments of the present application, the full-bridge cascade module includes a plurality of full-bridge cascade units connected in sequence, each full-bridge cascade unit includes a first NMOSFET, a second NMOSFET, a third NMOSFET and a fourth NMOSFET, the drain of the first NMOSFET is connected to the drain of the second NMOSFET, the source of the third NMOSFET is connected to the source of the fourth NMOSFET, the source of the first NMOSFET is connected to the drain of the third NMOSFET, and the source of the second NMOSFET is connected to the drain of the fourth NMOSFET; in each two adjacent full-bridge cascade units, the source of the first NMOSFET of one full-bridge cascade unit is connected to the source of the second NMOSFET of the other full-bridge cascade unit; the total filter inductor is connected to the source of the second NMOSFET in the first full-bridge cascade unit in the full-bridge cascade module.

[0014] In some embodiments of the present application, the battery flexible matrix is ​​composed of two half-bridge hybrid cascade systems and six switching switches, which are respectively connected to photovoltaic DC charging Vp, off-grid AC load RL, and grid-connected Vs, i.e., AC power grid; any one of the two half-bridge hybrid cascade systems can be connected to photovoltaic charging, connected to the AC power grid to charge the battery or feed the power grid, connected to the AC load to provide AC voltage to the load, and can also provide DC voltage to special loads; the battery flexible matrix can realize photovoltaic charging of the battery while realizing the battery providing AC voltage to the power grid or load, and can also realize photovoltaic and power grid charging of the two battery flexible systems separately, or the two battery flexible systems provide AC and DC voltages to the power grid or load together.

[0015] According to another aspect of an embodiment of the present application, a control method for a half-bridge hybrid cascade battery flexible matrix is ​​provided, which is applied to the battery flexible matrix described in any embodiment of the present application, and the method includes:

[0016] The master controller controls the output current or the charging current and allocates the module unit output voltage to each of the module units;

[0017] The module controller controls the switching in and out of the battery cells according to the acquired battery cell status and the module unit output voltage allocated by the master controller.

[0018] In some embodiments of the present application, the method further includes:

[0019] The module controller generates an AC / DC step wave or a PWM wave controlled by a step triangle wave for the output voltage;

[0020] The half-bridge cascade module switches its own battery cells into or out of the circuit to generate a positive voltage pulse DC power supply to form a main loop circuit for charging and discharging;

[0021] The full-bridge cascade module converts the positive voltage pulse DC power supply into AC power supply;

[0022] The total filter inductor filters the voltage signals of the flexible series connection of each battery cell into smooth sinusoidal voltage and current signals;

[0023] The overall controller controls the output current or the charging current according to the current signal of the overall filter inductor.

[0024] In some embodiments of the present application, the method further includes:

[0025] Calculate the cut-in and cut-out time of each battery cell according to the current voltage, output voltage and charging current of the battery cell;

[0026] Perform zero-crossing control of all cells at the moment when the voltage of the cell crosses zero;

[0027] During the switching process of each of the battery cells, PWM modulation is performed using a stepped triangle wave method;

[0028] The charging current of the module unit calculates the required output voltage according to the charging current and the line impedance;

[0029] The master controller distributes AC voltage to each module unit according to the working status of each module unit, and each module unit outputs AC voltage.

[0030] In some embodiments of the present application, the method further includes:

[0031] In response to each of the module units switching into the first battery cell, performing phase shift control;

[0032] In response to the synchronization of the module units through the synchronization pulse, the module units are switched into the battery voltage at different times, so that the time of switching in the battery cells is staggered;

[0033] In response to the cell switching in, the modulated step triangle wave is time-synchronized and shifted by one phase.

[0034] In some embodiments of the present application, the method further includes: in response to receiving the overall power output of the user end, allocating an output voltage to each of the module units according to the module unit status information uploaded by the module unit, wherein the output voltage of each of the module units is individually controlled.

[0035] In some embodiments of the present application, the method further includes:

[0036] In response to receiving the overall charging current from the user end, calculating the overall output voltage;

[0037] The distribution voltage of each module unit is calculated according to the overall output voltage and the state of each module unit.

[0038] In some embodiments of the present application, the voltage waveform control adopts a feedback control method, the first channel is PWM control, and the other channels are step waveform control.

[0039] According to another aspect of an embodiment of the present application, an electronic device is provided, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the control method described in any embodiment of the present application.

[0040] According to another aspect of the embodiments of the present application, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, on which a computer program is stored, and the computer program is executed by a processor to implement the control method described in any embodiment of the present application.

[0041] The technical solution provided by one aspect of the embodiments of the present application may have the following beneficial effects:

[0042] The half-bridge hybrid cascade battery flexible matrix provided in the embodiment of the present application adopts at least one half-bridge hybrid cascade system, so there is no need to use MPPT, PCS and BMS balancing circuits, thereby improving the EMC performance and energy conversion efficiency of the battery flexible matrix, reducing device costs, and improving the safety of the battery flexible matrix.

[0043] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the embodiment of the present application, it can be implemented in accordance with the contents of the specification. In order to make the above and other purposes, features and advantages of the embodiment of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present application are listed below. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0044] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0045] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a half-bridge hybrid cascade system in one embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0046] Figure 2 A schematic structural diagram of a half-bridge hybrid cascade battery flexible matrix according to an embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0047] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of a half-bridge cascade unit in one embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0048] Figure 4 A structural schematic diagram showing a half-bridge hybrid cascade system connected to an AC power grid power supply VS in one embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0049] Figure 5 A schematic structural diagram showing the connection between a module unit and a power supply circuit in one embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0050] Figure 6 A flow chart of a control method for a half-bridge hybrid cascade battery flexible matrix according to an embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0051] Figure 7 A step wave curve diagram of an embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0052] Figure 8 A cell voltage curve diagram of an embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0053] Fig. 9 A modulation curve diagram of a stepped triangle wave according to an embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0054] Fig.10 A cell PWM curve diagram of an embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0055] Fig.11 A waveform diagram of a cell modulation wave output according to an embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0056] Fig.12 A waveform diagram of a cell modulation wave output according to an embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0057] Fig.13 A waveform diagram of a cell modulation wave output according to an embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0058] Fig.14 A structural block diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0059] Fig.15 A schematic diagram of a computer-readable storage medium according to an embodiment of the present application is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0060] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the present application is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0061] It will be understood by those skilled in the art that, unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as those generally understood by those skilled in the art to which this application belongs. It should also be understood that terms such as those defined in general dictionaries should be understood to have meanings consistent with the meanings in the context of the prior art, and will not be interpreted with idealized or overly formal meanings unless specifically defined as here.

[0062] A half-bridge hybrid cascade battery flexible matrix and a control method thereof proposed according to an embodiment of the present application are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0063] One embodiment of the present application provides a half-bridge hybrid cascade battery flexible matrix, including at least one half-bridge hybrid cascade system, wherein the half-bridge hybrid cascade system includes a master controller, a master filter inductor, and a plurality of module units connected to the master controller, each of the module units includes a module controller, a half-bridge cascade module, and a full-bridge cascade module connected in sequence; the module controller is connected to the master controller; each of the full-bridge cascade modules is connected in sequence, and one end of the master filter inductor is connected to the first of all the full-bridge cascade modules. A half-bridge hybrid cascade system may also be referred to as a battery flexible system. Among them, the batteries in the battery flexible matrix may include but are not limited to electrochemical batteries, supercapacitors, and fuel cells. When a fuel cell is used as an energy storage element, the battery flexible matrix does not provide a DC charging interface but only provides an AC / DC output interface to realize an AC / DC power supply function.

[0064] refer to Figure 1 As shown, in one example, the half-bridge hybrid cascade system includes a master controller TC, a total filter inductor L, and n module units connected to the master controller TC, where n is a positive integer. The first module unit includes a module controller MC1, a half-bridge cascade module VR1, and a full-bridge cascade module VM1 connected in sequence, the second module unit includes a module controller MC2, a half-bridge cascade module VR2, and a full-bridge cascade module VM2 connected in sequence, ..., the nth module unit includes a module controller MCn, a half-bridge cascade module VRn, and a full-bridge cascade module VMn connected in sequence; each module controller is connected to the master controller TC respectively; each full-bridge cascade module is connected in sequence, and one end of the total filter inductor L is connected to the first of all full-bridge cascade modules, namely VM1. The module controller MCi, the half-bridge cascade module VRi, and the full-bridge cascade module VMi constitute the i-th module unit, where i is a positive integer, and 1≤i≤n.

[0065] The half-bridge hybrid cascade system can be connected to photovoltaic charging, to the AC power grid to charge the battery or feed the grid, to the AC load to provide AC voltage to the load, and to provide DC voltage to special loads. It can realize photovoltaic charging of the battery while the battery provides AC voltage to the grid or load. It can also charge two battery flexible systems together through photovoltaics and the grid, or two battery flexible systems can provide AC and DC voltages to the grid or load together.

[0066] In some embodiments, the battery flexible matrix also includes two switching switch modules, and the two switching switch modules are connected to the two half-bridge hybrid stages in a one-to-one manner; each of the switching switch modules includes three switch units connected to the corresponding half-bridge hybrid cascade system; the switch unit includes two NPN transistors, and the emitters of the two NPN transistors are connected to each other.

[0067] In addition, the switching switches in the switching switch module include but are not limited to IGBT switches, MOSFET switches, GaN switches, SiC switches and mechanical switches.

[0068] refer to Figure 2 As shown, Figure 2A battery flexible matrix of a half-bridge hybrid cascade in an example is shown, including a half-bridge hybrid cascade system 1, a half-bridge hybrid cascade system 2, a switching switch module 3 and a switching switch module 4. The switching switch module 3 and the switching switch module 4 respectively include three switch units, each of which is composed of two NPN-type transistors, and the NPN-type transistor is a transistor composed of two N-type semiconductors sandwiched between a P-type semiconductor. Among them, the three switch units include a switch unit composed of transistors Q101 and Q102, a switch unit composed of transistors Q103 and Q104, and a switch unit composed of transistors Q105 and Q106. The emitter of Q101 is connected to the emitter of Q102, the emitter of Q103 is connected to the emitter of Q104, the emitter of Q105 is connected to the emitter of Q106, the collector of Q101, the collector of Q103 and the collector of Q105 are all connected to the first output end of the half-bridge hybrid cascade system 1, the collector of Q106 is connected to the positive end of the AC grid power supply VS, the collector of Q104 is connected to the first end of the off-grid AC load RL, the collector of Q102 is connected to the positive end of the photovoltaic DC charging power supply Vp, and the second output end of the half-bridge hybrid cascade system 1 is respectively connected to the second end of the off-grid AC load RL, the negative end of the AC grid power supply VS and the negative end of the photovoltaic DC charging power supply Vp. The switching switch module 4 includes a switch unit composed of transistors Q201 and Q202, a switch unit composed of transistors Q203 and Q204, and a switch unit composed of transistors Q205 and Q206. The structure of the switching module 4 is the same as that of the switching module 3, and the connection relationship between the switching module 4 and the off-grid AC load RL, the AC grid power supply VS and the photovoltaic DC charging power supply Vp is the same as the connection relationship between the switching module 3 and the off-grid AC load RL, the AC grid power supply VS and the photovoltaic DC charging power supply Vp, which will not be repeated here. The off-grid AC load RL can be, for example, a refrigerator, an air conditioner, an electromagnetic cooker, and the like.

[0069] Exemplarily, the half-bridge cascade module includes a plurality of half-bridge cascade units connected in sequence, each of the half-bridge cascade units includes a battery cell and a plurality of switches, wherein the switches include MOSFET, IGBT, GaN or SiC and switches made by connecting them in parallel.

[0070] In some embodiments, the half-bridge cascade module includes a plurality of half-bridge cascade units connected in sequence, each of the half-bridge cascade units includes a battery cell, a first NMOSFET and a second NMOSFET, the source of the first NMOSFET is connected to the drain of the second NMOSFET, the drain of the first NMOSFET is connected to the positive electrode of the battery cell, and the source of the second NMOSFET is connected to the negative electrode of the battery cell; in each of two adjacent half-bridge cascade units, the negative electrode of the battery cell of one half-bridge cascade unit is connected to the source of the first NMOSFET in the other half-bridge cascade unit. In actual application, the half-bridge cascade unit controls its own battery cell to be cut in or out of the circuit to generate a positive voltage pulse DC power supply and complete the main circuit of charging and discharging; after the battery cell is cut in, it can be controlled as a PWM wave controlled by a step wave or a step triangle wave, and before the full-bridge control, the output is a DC pulsating voltage.

[0071] NMOSFET, that is, N-channel metal-oxide semiconductor field effect transistor. Figure 3 As shown, in a specific example, the half-bridge cascade module includes m half-bridge cascade units connected in sequence, the first half-bridge cascade unit includes a battery cell BTn1, a first NMOSFET Qn11 and a second NMOSFET Qn12, the source of the first NMOSFET Qn11 is connected to the drain of the second NMOSFET Qn12, the drain of the first NMOSFET Qn11 is connected to the positive electrode of the battery cell BTn1, and the source of the second NMOSFET Qn12 is connected to the negative electrode of the battery cell BTn1; the second half-bridge cascade unit includes a battery cell BTn2, a first NMOSFET Qn21 and a second NMOSFET Qn22, the source of the first NMOSFET Qn21 is connected to the drain of the second NMOSFET Qn22, the drain of the first NMOSFET Qn21 is connected to the positive electrode of the battery cell BTn2, and the source of the second NMOSFET Qn22 is connected to the negative electrode of the battery cell BTn2; ...; the mth half-bridge cascade unit includes a battery cell BTnm, a first NMOSFET Qnm1 and a second NMOSFET Qnm2, the first NMOSFET The source of Qnm1 is connected to the drain of the second NMOSFET Qnm2, the drain of the first NMOSFET Qnm1 is connected to the positive electrode of the battery cell BTnm, and the source of the second NMOSFET Qnm2 is connected to the negative electrode of the battery cell BTnm, where m is a positive integer. In each of two adjacent half-bridge cascade units, the negative electrode of the battery cell BTn1 of the first half-bridge cascade unit is connected to the source of the first NMOSFET Qn21 in the second half-bridge cascade unit. The source of Qn11 of the first half-bridge cascade unit is connected to +V0.

[0072] In some embodiments, the full-bridge cascade module includes a plurality of full-bridge cascade units connected in sequence, each full-bridge cascade unit includes a first NMOSFET, a second NMOSFET, a third NMOSFET and a fourth NMOSFET, the drain of the first NMOSFET is connected to the drain of the second NMOSFET, the source of the third NMOSFET is connected to the source of the fourth NMOSFET, the source of the first NMOSFET is connected to the drain of the third NMOSFET, and the source of the second NMOSFET is connected to the drain of the fourth NMOSFET; in each of two adjacent full-bridge cascade units, the source of the first NMOSFET of one full-bridge cascade unit is connected to the source of the second NMOSFET of the other full-bridge cascade unit; the total filter inductor is connected to the source of the second NMOSFET in the first full-bridge cascade unit in the full-bridge cascade module. The full-bridge cascade unit is used to realize the conversion of the positive voltage pulse DC power supply to the AC power supply.

[0073] refer to Figure 2 As shown, Figure 2 , a total of n full-bridge cascade units are shown, namely, full-bridge cascade unit VM1, full-bridge cascade unit VM2, ..., and full-bridge cascade unit VMn. Full-bridge cascade unit VM1 includes a first NMOSFET Q11, a second NMOSFET Q12, a third NMOSFET Q13, and a fourth NMOSFET Q14, the drain of the first NMOSFET Q11 is connected to the drain of the second NMOSFET Q12, the source of the third NMOSFET Q13 is connected to the source of the fourth NMOSFET Q14, the source of the first NMOSFET Q11 is connected to the drain of the third NMOSFET Q13, and the source of the second NMOSFET Q12 is connected to the drain of the fourth NMOSFET Q14. All full-bridge cascade units have the same structure. The source of the first NMOSFET Q11 of the full-bridge cascade unit VM1 is connected to the source of the second NMOSFET Q12 of the full-bridge cascade unit VM2, the first end of the total filter inductor L is connected to the source of the second NMOSFET Q12 in the first full-bridge cascade unit VM1 in the full-bridge cascade module, and the second end of the total filter inductor L is used as the first output end of the half-bridge hybrid cascade system. The source of the first NMOSFET Qn1 in the nth full-bridge cascade unit VMn is used as the second output end of the half-bridge hybrid cascade system.

[0074] refer to Figure 4 As shown, Figure 4 The connection relationship diagram of the half-bridge hybrid cascade system and the AC power grid VS is shown, the second end of the total filter inductor L is connected to the positive terminal of the AC power grid VS, and the source of the first NMOSFET Qn1 in the nth full-bridge cascade unit VMn is connected to the negative terminal of the AC power grid VS. Figure 5As shown, Figure 5 A structural schematic diagram of the module unit connected to the power supply circuit is shown, which includes a first diode D1 and a second diode D2, the anode of the first diode D1 is connected to the positive electrode of the battery cell BTnm, the cathode of the second diode D2 is connected to the cathode of the first diode D1, and the anode of the first diode D1 is connected to the positive electrode of the battery cell BTn1.

[0075] In the embodiment of the present application, the battery cells are dynamically connected through switching devices to form a flexible battery cell matrix, and the half-bridge hybrid cascade system is a flexible battery system. Figure 1 The battery flexible matrix of the half-bridge hybrid cascade shown includes two half-bridge hybrid cascade systems and six switching switches. Any of the two half-bridge hybrid cascade systems can be connected to photovoltaic charging, connected to the AC power grid to charge the battery or feed the power grid, connected to the AC load to provide AC voltage to the load, and can also provide DC voltage to special loads. The battery can be charged by photovoltaics while the AC voltage can be provided to the power grid or load by the battery. The photovoltaics and the power grid can also charge the two half-bridge hybrid cascade systems together, or the two half-bridge hybrid cascade systems can provide AC and DC voltages to the power grid or load together. The half-bridge cascade module and the full-bridge cascade module are both controlled by the module controller to form an AC and DC voltage module, and each AC and DC voltage module can be independently programmed to realize bidirectional AC and DC power supply voltage. The control mode of the half-bridge cascade can be a step wave control mode or a PWM mode of step triangle wave control. Multiple AC and DC voltage modules are controlled by a master controller, and the main circuits are connected in series to form a total AC and DC voltage, namely a half-bridge hybrid cascade system. This control method can achieve automatic balancing of the battery cells and use the battery cells to power each module without the need for an additional external power supply.

[0076] Embodiments of the present invention Figure 1 The example shown consists of two half-bridge hybrid cascade systems and six switching switches, which are connected to the photovoltaic DC charging Vp, the off-grid AC load RL (such as refrigerators, air conditioners, electromagnetic cookers, etc.), and the grid-connected Vs, that is, the AC grid. Any of the two half-bridge hybrid cascade systems can be connected to the photovoltaic charging, the AC grid to charge the battery or feed the grid, the AC load to provide AC voltage to the load, and the DC voltage to special loads. It can be realized that the photovoltaic charges the battery while the battery provides AC voltage to the grid or load. It can also be realized that the photovoltaic and the grid charge two battery flexible systems together, or the two battery flexible systems provide AC and DC voltages to the grid or load together.

[0077] In some examples, the master controller may include a controller (MCU), a human-computer interaction communication module, and a communication module with each module unit. The human-computer interaction communication module is used to receive the user's function setting operation instructions and set the charging current and output voltage. The communication with each module unit realizes the transmission of the battery health status parameters in each module unit. The master controller can set the working mode, working voltage, working current, and coordinate the synchronous work between each module unit according to the current battery status of each module unit.

[0078] The module controllers MC1, MC2, ..., MCn include a communication module for communicating with the controller (MCU), a cell voltage measurement circuit, and a half-bridge cascade control signal generation circuit. The module controller receives the setting parameters sent by the master controller (the setting parameters are received by the master controller through the human-computer interaction communication module), and forms a cell priority ranking according to the state of its own cell, and generates an AC / DC step wave or a PWM wave controlled by a step triangle wave for the output voltage. This output voltage waveform can be used as a source to drive the load, or it can be connected to the power grid to charge the cell.

[0079] The total filter inductor is used to filter the voltage signals of the flexible series connection of each battery cell into smooth sinusoidal voltage and current signals. The measured signal of the inductor current is sent to the main controller to control the output current or charging current.

[0080] Exemplarily, the battery flexible matrix of the embodiment of the present application can constitute a battery photovoltaic storage system, which is composed of two photovoltaic storage subsystems, and the photovoltaic storage subsystem is the half-bridge hybrid cascade system mentioned above; the two subsystems can work in grid-connected mode or off-grid mode to realize self-power supply. Each subsystem has one AC and one DC input / output interface; the four energy interfaces of the entire system can be output in any combination to realize energy routing with the topology of the flexible battery matrix. The system can realize cascade output to achieve large capacity and power. The DC interface can be used as a DC power supply with continuously adjustable voltage, or as a DC electronic load with continuously adjustable voltage to receive power generated by photovoltaic cells. The AC interface can obtain AC power from the mains for charging, or it can generate power from the battery energy in an off-grid or grid-connected manner. The three groups of systems can realize the output of three-phase AC power through phase shifting.

[0081] The battery flexible matrix of the embodiment of the present application adopts an innovative photovoltaic storage system topology, namely: the batteries are dynamically connected through switching devices to form a battery flexible matrix. This topology eliminates the balancing circuits of MPPT, PCS and BMS, and improves the energy conversion efficiency of the energy storage system; the "hard connection" of the battery is changed to connection through switching devices, which can realize the dynamic adjustment of the battery matrix based on time slices; the voltage range of the photovoltaic power generation input terminal is adjustable to meet the power generation voltage fluctuations caused by the reliability and consistency of photovoltaic modules, greatly improving the robustness of the photovoltaic storage system. The battery flexible matrix of the embodiment of the present application realizes the AC and DC source-load integrated design of the photovoltaic storage system, and provides the additional DC source-load integration function compared to the traditional photovoltaic storage system while reducing the hardware cost of the photovoltaic storage system.

[0082] The battery flexible matrix of the embodiment of the present application can monitor the health status of the battery cell in real time, can accurately warn of thermal runaway of the battery cell, improve the safety performance of the energy storage system, greatly reduce the device cost of the energy storage system, and can realize the function of DC source load. In addition, the battery flexible matrix of the embodiment of the present application adopts at least one half-bridge hybrid cascade system, which is a flexible battery matrix topology structure, so there is no need to use the balancing circuit of PCS and BMS, thereby improving the EMC performance and energy conversion efficiency of the battery flexible matrix and reducing the device cost.

[0083] refer to Figure 6 As shown, another embodiment of the present application provides a control method for a half-bridge hybrid cascade battery flexible matrix, which is applied to the half-bridge hybrid cascade battery flexible matrix of any embodiment of the present application. The method may include:

[0084] S10, the main controller controls the output current or the charging current, and distributes the module unit output voltage to each of the module units.

[0085] S20, the module controller controls the switching in and out of the battery cells according to the acquired battery cell status and the module unit output voltage allocated by the master controller.

[0086] In some embodiments, the method may also include: the module controller generates an AC / DC step wave or a PWM wave controlled by a step triangle wave of the output voltage; the half-bridge cascade module switches its own battery cell into or out of the circuit to generate a positive voltage pulse DC power supply to form a main loop circuit for charging and discharging; the full-bridge cascade module converts the positive voltage pulse DC power supply into an AC power supply; the total filter inductor filters the voltage signals of the flexible series connection of each battery cell into smooth sinusoidal voltage and current signals; the main controller controls the output current or charging current according to the current signal of the total filter inductor.

[0087] In some embodiments, the method may further include: calculating the switching-in and switching-out time of each battery cell according to the current voltage, output voltage and charging current of the battery cell; performing zero-crossing control of all battery cells when the voltage of the battery cell crosses zero; performing PWM modulation using a stepped triangle wave in the switching process of each of the battery cells; the charging current of the module unit calculates the required output voltage according to the charging current and line impedance; the main controller distributes AC voltage to each module unit according to the working status of each of the module units, and each of the module units outputs AC voltage.

[0088] In some embodiments, the control method may further include: in response to each of the module units switching on the first battery cell, performing phase shift control; in response to each of the module units being synchronized by a synchronization pulse, causing each module unit to switch on the battery voltage at a different time so that the time of switching on the battery cells is staggered; in response to the switching on of the battery cells, the time of the modulated step triangle wave is staggered by one phase after synchronization.

[0089] In some embodiments, the control method may further include: in response to receiving the overall power output of the user end, allocating an output voltage to each of the module units according to the module unit status information uploaded by the module unit, wherein the output voltage of each of the module units is individually controlled.

[0090] In some embodiments, the control method may further include: calculating the overall output voltage in response to receiving the overall charging current from the user end; and calculating the distribution voltage of each module unit according to the overall output voltage and the state of each module unit.

[0091] Exemplarily, in the control method, a step waveform algorithm control may be used to calculate the switch-in and switch-out time of each battery cell according to the current voltage and output voltage of the battery cell and the charging current.

[0092] At the moment of voltage zero crossing, full-cell zero crossing control is adopted so that the zero crossing control of each module unit will not cause voltage mutation. At the same time, during the zero crossing period, the priority of the health status of the battery cells is rearranged. The battery cell control between module units adds staggered control of different module units. According to different channel numbers, even if the voltage of the battery cells is the same, the cut-in time is not consistent, so that the cut-in time of each module unit is different, reducing the ripple of the cut-in voltage. The battery cell voltage directly supplies power to each battery cell control, the voltage output by the module unit supplies power to the module unit that controls the battery cell, and the overall output voltage or the output voltage of the module unit supplies power to the main controller, which can achieve the maximum uniformity of battery cell utilization.

[0093] Figure 7 A step wave curve diagram of an embodiment is shown, Figure 7 The voltage curve and the control step curve are shown in FIG. Figure 8 A battery cell voltage curve diagram of an embodiment is shown, which shows the curve of the planned voltage, the voltage curve of battery cell A, the voltage curve of battery cell B and the voltage curve of battery cell C, wherein battery cell A, battery cell B and battery cell C are three battery cells in the half-bridge hybrid cascade battery flexible matrix in this embodiment. Fig. 9 A modulation curve diagram of a stepped triangle wave according to an embodiment is shown. Fig.10 FIG. 1 shows a cell PWM curve diagram of an embodiment, where PWM (Pulse-width modulation) is the abbreviation of pulse width modulation. Fig.10 PWM curves of cell A, cell B and cell C are shown in FIG. Fig.11 A cell modulation wave output waveform diagram of an embodiment is shown, showing the modulation wave of cell A and the step waves of other cells. Fig.12 A cell modulation wave output waveform diagram of an embodiment is shown, showing the modulation wave triangular wave of cell A and the step wave of other cells. Fig.13 A cell modulation wave output waveform diagram of an embodiment is shown, showing a cell APWM waveform curve and other cell step wave curves.

[0094] If the voltage requires high-precision waveform and amplitude adjustment, PWM modulation can be performed during the switching of the battery cells. The PWM modulation method is to use a stepped triangle wave. Fig. 9 and Fig.10 shown.

[0095] In some examples, the voltage waveform control can also be controlled by feedback, so that the first channel is PWM control and the other channels are step waveform control, see Fig.11 , Fig.12 shown.

[0096] Specifically, refer to Figure 7As shown, the voltage of each battery cell is basically the same. In this way, the positive half cycle of the sine wave with an amplitude of 1 is divided into n-1 parts. The amplitude of each Y axis is 1 / (n-1), 2 / (n-1)...(n-2) / (n-1), and the duration of the X axis is: T / 2-arcsin(1 / (n-1)), T / 2-arcsin(2 / (n-1))...T / 2-arcsin((n-2) / (n-1)). Assume that the amplitude of the output sine wave is The cell voltages are V1, V2, and Vn, respectively, after being sorted according to the cell health status. Then the Y-axis cuts of the unit sine wave are: V1 / Vo, V2 / Vo, and Vn / Vo; the duration of the X-axis is T / 2-arcsin(V1 / Vo), T / 2-arcsin((V1+V2) / Vo) and T / 2-arcsin((V1+V2+ and Vn) / Vo), where the negative values ​​are omitted. In this way, a step waveform corresponding to the positive half cycle of the sine wave is established.

[0097] The negative half cycle of a sine wave with an amplitude of 1 is divided into n-1 parts. The amplitude of each Y axis is -1 / (n-1), -2 / (n-1)…-(n-2) / (n-1), and the duration of the X axis is: T / 2-arcsin(1 / (n-1)), T / 2-arcsin(2 / (n-1))…T / 2-arcsin((n-2) / (n-1)). Assuming that the amplitude of the output sine wave is Vo, according to the health of the battery cell After the states are sorted, the voltages of the cells are V1, V2…Vn, so the cuts of the unit sine wave on the Y axis are: -V1 / Vo, -V2 / Vo…-Vn / Vo; the duration of the X axis is T / 2-arcsin(V1 / Vo), T / 2-arcsin((V1+V2) / Vo)…T / 2-arcsin((V1+V2+…Vn) / Vo), where the values ​​with negative time results are omitted. In this way, a step waveform corresponding to the negative half cycle of the sine wave is established.

[0098] When the battery cell needs to be charged, since the internal resistance of the battery cell is much smaller than the on-resistance of the MOSFET, the external characteristic resistance Rm of the module unit remains basically unchanged regardless of whether the battery cell is connected or not, and is roughly equal to the number of MOSFETs cascaded inside the module. Assuming that the peak value of the current to be charged is Ic, the charging voltage Vc that needs to be set is Ic*Rm.

[0099] When the health status of the cells is consistent, the switching time of the cells is inconsistent. In order to make the cells work evenly, the cell with the longest on-time in the positive half cycle of the output sine wave will be calculated as the cell with the lowest priority in the negative half cycle. Therefore, in the negative half cycle, the on-time is the shortest. If the health status of the cells is consistent, the on-time of the cells will be consistent in the long run. Figure 8 shown.

[0100] In order to achieve balanced operation of the battery cells caused by power supply, a single battery cell is controlled by direct power supply from the battery cell. Since the control of each battery cell is balanced as a whole, the battery cell control will not cause unbalanced operation of the battery cells. The power supply of the module unit is first started by a certain battery cell voltage. After the module unit is working normally, it is switched to the module unit. Since the battery cell only supplies power to the module unit for a moment, the module unit power supply will not cause unbalanced operation of the battery cells. The power supply of the overall control can be started by the output voltage of a certain module unit. After all the module units output voltage normally, it is switched to the overall output power supply. This module only supplies power to the whole for a moment, so it will not cause unbalanced operation of the battery cells.

[0101] For the control of multiple battery cells, if a certain battery cell is not controlled after being switched on, the output waveform is a trapezoidal wave. When there are many battery cells and the output voltage is relatively high, it can basically meet the user requirements. The control error at this time is Vn / Vo, where Vn is the highest voltage of the battery cell and Vo is the amplitude of the output sinusoidal voltage. If higher precision is required, PWM adjustment control can be performed on each battery cell. The traditional PWM modulation method is that each battery cell has a triangle wave, but this will increase the computing resources of the processor. If more than ten battery cells are involved in the control, more than ten triangle waves are required to participate in the calculation. This places very high demands on the processor resources. The implementation method of the embodiment of the present application adopts a stepped triangle wave method. In the switching of different battery cells, a triangle wave with different upper and lower limits is used, which is compared with the required voltage waveform to generate PWM, and then the PWM is combined with the step wave to generate PWM for each channel. See Fig. 9 , Fig.10 shown.

[0102] In addition, the control of multiple cells can also adopt simple PWM control, that is, only the first cell is PWM controlled, and the other cells are step wave controlled. This will make the control simpler. After the introduction of negative feedback, the output waveform is closer to the ideal sine wave. The grid-connected control uses the grid power waveform as the inner loop and the total filter inductor average current as the inner loop control, which can achieve the functions of grid-connected charging and feeding.

[0103] In the method of the embodiment of the present application, a time domain-based battery cell operating condition fitting algorithm can be used. The power supply function and load-pulling function of the energy storage system can be realized through this algorithm. The algorithm fits and outputs the battery cell operating condition according to the system output operating condition requirements and the health status of the battery cell.

[0104] The control method of the embodiment of the present application can monitor the health status of the battery cell in real time, can accurately warn of thermal runaway of the battery cell, improve the safety performance of the energy storage system, and improve the EMC performance and energy conversion efficiency of the battery flexible matrix.

[0105] The above description of various embodiments tends to emphasize the differences between the various embodiments. The same or similar aspects can be referenced to each other, and for the sake of brevity, they will not be repeated herein.

[0106] Another embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement a method of any of the above embodiments.

[0107] refer to Fig.14 As shown, the electronic device 10 may include: a processor 100, a memory 101, a bus 102 and a communication interface 103, and the processor 100, the communication interface 103 and the memory 101 are connected via the bus 102; the memory 101 stores a computer program that can be run on the processor 100, and when the processor 100 runs the computer program, it executes the method provided in any of the aforementioned embodiments of the present application.

[0108] The memory 101 may include a high-speed random access memory (RAM), and may also include a non-volatile memory, such as at least one disk storage. The communication connection between the device network element and at least one other network element is realized through at least one communication interface 103 (which may be wired or wireless), and the Internet, wide area network, local area network, metropolitan area network, etc. may be used.

[0109] The bus 102 may be an ISA bus, a PCI bus, or an EISA bus, etc. The bus may be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, etc. The memory 101 is used to store a program, and the processor 100 executes the program after receiving an execution instruction. The method disclosed in any implementation of the aforementioned embodiment of the present application may be applied to the processor 100, or implemented by the processor 100.

[0110] The processor 100 may be an integrated circuit chip with signal processing capabilities. In the implementation process, each step of the above method can be completed by an integrated logic circuit of hardware in the processor 100 or an instruction in the form of software. The above processor 100 may be a general-purpose processor, which may include a central processing unit (CPU), a network processor (NP), etc.; it may also be a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gates or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components. The methods, steps and logic block diagrams disclosed in the embodiments of the present application can be implemented or executed. The general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may also be any conventional processor, etc. The steps of the method disclosed in the embodiments of the present application can be directly embodied as a hardware decoding processor for execution, or a combination of hardware and software modules in the decoding processor for execution. The software module may be located in a mature storage medium in the field such as a random access memory, a flash memory, a read-only memory, a programmable read-only memory or an electrically erasable programmable memory, a register, etc. The storage medium is located in the memory 101, and the processor 100 reads the information in the memory 101 and completes the steps of the above method in combination with its hardware.

[0111] The electronic device provided in the embodiment of the present application and the method provided in the embodiment of the present application are based on the same inventive concept and have the same beneficial effects as the method adopted, operated or implemented by them.

[0112] Another embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, and the computer program is executed by a processor to implement the method of any of the above embodiments. Fig.15 As shown, the computer-readable storage medium shown is a CD 20 on which a computer program (ie, a program product) is stored. When the computer program is run by a processor, the method provided by any of the aforementioned embodiments will be executed.

[0113] It should be noted that examples of computer-readable storage media may also include, but are not limited to, phase change memory (PRAM), static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), other types of random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other optical or magnetic storage media, which are not listed here one by one.

[0114] The computer-readable storage medium provided in the above-mentioned embodiments of the present application and the method provided in the embodiments of the present application are based on the same inventive concept and have the same beneficial effects as the method adopted, run or implemented by the application program stored therein.

[0115] It should be noted that:

[0116] The algorithm and display provided herein are not inherently related to any specific computer, virtual device or other equipment. Various general devices can also be used together with examples based on this. According to the above description, it is obvious to construct the structure required for this type of device. In addition, the application is not directed to any specific programming language yet. It should be understood that various programming languages ​​can be utilized to realize the content of the application described herein, and the description made to specific languages ​​above is for the purpose of disclosing the best mode of implementation of the application.

[0117] It should be understood that, although the steps in the flowchart of the accompanying drawings are displayed in sequence as indicated by the arrows, these steps are not necessarily executed in sequence in the order indicated by the arrows. Unless otherwise specified herein, there is no strict order restriction on the execution of these steps, and they can be executed in other orders. Moreover, at least a part of the steps in the flowchart of the accompanying drawings may include multiple sub-steps or multiple stages, and these sub-steps or stages are not necessarily executed at the same time, but can be executed at different times, and their execution order is not necessarily sequential, but can be executed in turn or alternately with other steps or at least a part of the sub-steps or stages of other steps.

[0118] The above embodiments only express the implementation methods of the present application, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the present application. It should be pointed out that, for a person of ordinary skill in the art, several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. A half-bridge hybrid cascade battery flexible matrix, It is characterized in that The invention comprises at least one half-bridge hybrid cascade system, wherein the half-bridge hybrid cascade system comprises a master controller, a master filter inductor, and a plurality of module units connected to the master controller, wherein each module unit comprises a module controller, a half-bridge cascade module, and a full-bridge cascade module connected in sequence; The module controller is connected to the main controller; the full-bridge cascade modules are connected in sequence, and one end of the total filter inductor is connected to the first one of all the full-bridge cascade modules.

2. The battery flexible matrix according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The battery flexible matrix also includes two switching switch modules, which are connected to the two half-bridge hybrid stages in a one-to-one manner; each of the switching switch modules includes three switch units connected to the corresponding half-bridge hybrid cascade system; the switch unit includes two NPN transistors, and the emitters of the two NPN transistors are connected to each other.

3. The battery flexible matrix according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The half-bridge cascade module includes a plurality of half-bridge cascade units connected in sequence, and each of the half-bridge cascade units includes a battery cell and a plurality of switches.

4. The battery flexible matrix according to claim 3, It is characterized in that The switch includes MOSFET, IGBT, GaN or SiC, and switches made by connecting them in parallel.

5. The battery flexible matrix according to claim 3, It is characterized in that Each of the half-bridge cascade units includes a battery cell, a first NMOSFET and a second NMOSFET, the source of the first NMOSFET is connected to the drain of the second NMOSFET, the drain of the first NMOSFET is connected to the positive electrode of the battery cell, and the source of the second NMOSFET is connected to the negative electrode of the battery cell; in each two adjacent half-bridge cascade units, the negative electrode of the battery cell of one half-bridge cascade unit is connected to the source of the first NMOSFET in the other half-bridge cascade unit.

6. The battery flexible matrix according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The full-bridge cascade module includes a plurality of full-bridge cascade units connected in sequence, each full-bridge cascade unit includes a first NMOSFET, a second NMOSFET, a third NMOSFET and a fourth NMOSFET, the drain of the first NMOSFET is connected to the drain of the second NMOSFET, the source of the third NMOSFET is connected to the source of the fourth NMOSFET, the source of the first NMOSFET is connected to the drain of the third NMOSFET, and the source of the second NMOSFET is connected to the drain of the fourth NMOSFET; in every two adjacent full-bridge cascade units, the source of the first NMOSFET of one full-bridge cascade unit is connected to the source of the second NMOSFET of the other full-bridge cascade unit; the total filter inductor is connected to the source of the second NMOSFET in the first full-bridge cascade unit in the full-bridge cascade module.

7. The battery flexible matrix according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The battery flexible matrix is ​​composed of two half-bridge hybrid cascade systems and six switching switches, which are respectively connected to photovoltaic DC charging Vp, off-grid AC load RL, and grid-connected Vs, i.e., AC power grid; any one of the two half-bridge hybrid cascade systems can be connected to photovoltaic charging, connected to the AC power grid to charge the battery or feed the power grid, connected to the AC load to provide AC voltage to the load, and can also provide DC voltage to special loads; the battery flexible matrix can realize photovoltaic charging of the battery while realizing the battery providing AC voltage to the power grid or load, and can also realize photovoltaic and power grid charging of the two battery flexible systems separately, or the two battery flexible systems providing AC and DC voltages to the power grid or load together.

8. A control method for a half-bridge hybrid cascade battery flexible matrix, It is characterized in that The battery flexible matrix according to any one of claims 1 to 7, the method comprising: The master controller controls the output current or the charging current and allocates the module unit output voltage to each of the module units; The module controller controls the switching in and out of the battery cells according to the acquired battery cell status and the module unit output voltage allocated by the master controller.

9. The method according to claim 8, It is characterized in that The method further comprises: The module controller generates an AC / DC step wave or a PWM wave controlled by a step triangle wave for the output voltage; The half-bridge cascade module switches its own battery cells into or out of the circuit to generate a positive voltage pulse DC power supply to form a main loop circuit for charging and discharging; The full-bridge cascade module converts the positive voltage pulse DC power supply into AC power supply; The total filter inductor filters the voltage signals of the flexible series connection of each battery cell into smooth sinusoidal voltage and current signals; The overall controller controls the output current or the charging current according to the current signal of the overall filter inductor.

10. The method according to claim 8, It is characterized in that The method further comprises: Calculate the cut-in and cut-out time of each cell according to the current voltage, output voltage and charging current of the cell; Perform zero-crossing control of all cells at the moment when the voltage of the cell crosses zero; During the switching process of each of the battery cells, PWM modulation is performed using a stepped triangle wave method; The charging current of the module unit calculates the required output voltage according to the charging current and the line impedance; The master controller distributes AC voltage to each module unit according to the working status of each module unit, and each module unit outputs AC voltage.

11. The method according to any one of claims 8 to 10, It is characterized in that The method further comprises: In response to each of the module units switching into the first battery cell, performing phase shift control; In response to the synchronization of the module units through the synchronization pulse, the module units are switched into the battery voltage at different times, so that the time of switching in the battery cells is staggered; In response to the cell switching in, the modulated step triangle wave is time-synchronized and shifted by one phase.

12. The method according to any one of claims 8 to 10, It is characterized in that The method further includes: in response to receiving the overall power output of the user end, allocating output voltages to each module unit according to module unit status information uploaded by the module unit, wherein the output voltage of each module unit is individually controlled.

13. The method according to any one of claims 8 to 10, It is characterized in that The method further comprises: In response to receiving the overall charging current from the user end, calculating the overall output voltage; The distribution voltage of each module unit is calculated according to the overall output voltage and the state of each module unit.

14. The method according to any one of claims 8 to 10, It is characterized in that The voltage waveform control adopts feedback control method, the first channel is PWM control, and the other channels are step waveform control.

15. An electronic device, It is characterized in that It comprises a memory, a processor and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement a control method for a flexible battery matrix of a half-bridge hybrid cascade as claimed in any one of claims 8 to 14.

16. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, It is characterized in that The computer program is executed by a processor to implement a control method for a half-bridge hybrid cascade battery flexible matrix as claimed in any one of claims 8 to 14.

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