Energy storage device for photovoltaic power generation

Abstract

The invention relates to a photovoltaic power generation energy storage device, which comprises a photovoltaic power generation device and a flow battery, the photovoltaic power generation device comprises a photovoltaic power generation panel, the flow battery comprises an anolyte storage tank, a catholyte storage tank and a galvanic pile, the anolyte storage tank and the galvanic pile as well as the catholyte storage tank and the galvanic pile are respectively provided with a first electrolyte conveying header pipe, the first electrolyte conveying header pipe is provided with a first conveying pump and a first heat exchanger, the photovoltaic power generation device is provided with a ventilation heat exchange channel, the ventilation heat exchange channel is provided with a ventilation header pipe, the first heat exchanger and the ventilation header pipe are provided with first gas conveying branch pipes, the ventilation header pipe is provided with a fan and a second heat exchanger, and the second heat exchanger is provided with a water storage tank. The water storage tank is communicated with a second circulating water conveying header pipe, and the first heat exchanger and the second circulating water conveying header pipe are provided with first circulating water conveying branch pipes. And energy released by the photovoltaic module is recovered to maintain the working temperature of the all-vanadium redox flow battery. The device is convenient to use and has a wide market prospect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of photovoltaic power generation energy storage equipment, and in particular to a photovoltaic power generation energy storage device. Background Art

[0002] Hydrogen energy is the chemical energy of hydrogen. The combustion product of hydrogen is water. No greenhouse gases or air pollutants are produced during the combustion process. It is a recognized zero-emission clean energy. Hydrogen energy can be easily stored and transported, providing more options and flexibility for energy transformation. Hydrogen energy can also be combined with various energy technologies such as power, fuel cells, and thermal energy to achieve multiple uses. It is an important link to achieve the interconnection and clean and efficient conversion between power grids, fuel grids, and thermal grids. It plays an important role in building a comprehensive energy system with multiple energy forms complementing each other and creating a clean, low-carbon, efficient, and flexible energy system.

[0003] The photovoltaic water electrolysis hydrogen production system mainly consists of three parts: power supply system, water electrolysis system and storage and transportation system. The power supply system mainly includes power grid, transformer, converter, photovoltaic modules, junction box and other equipment. Its power source is divided into two power supply modes according to the different power supply reliability: the first mode is to supply power through the power grid, and provide direct current to the water electrolysis system after transformer voltage rise and rectifier conversion; the second mode is to provide direct current to the water electrolysis system with a supporting photovoltaic electric field. When the power generation of the photovoltaic electric field is higher than the power consumption demand of the water electrolysis system, the surplus power can be connected to the grid through the converter and transformer reverse; when the power generation of the photovoltaic electric field is lower than the power consumption demand of the water electrolysis system, the power consumption of the water electrolysis system can be compensated from the power grid through the transformer and converter.

[0004] The electric energy generated by the photovoltaic module is preferably directly provided to the water electrolysis system with direct current. The main reason is that it does not need to be converted between alternating current and direct current through the converter for multiple times, thereby reducing the loss. However, there are also disadvantages in using photovoltaic modules to directly provide direct current to the water electrolysis system, which is limited to the illumination time. That is, during the illumination time, electric energy can be produced to supply the water electrolysis system, and during the non-illumination time, electric energy cannot be supplied. And the power output of the photovoltaic module decreases with the increase of the operating temperature of the module. When the photovoltaic module is actually working, the movement of carriers, the photothermal effect of the packaging material, and the thermal effect of the photocurrent will generate heat, resulting in an increase in the operating temperature of the photovoltaic module. In the case of strong irradiance and high ambient temperature in summer, the operating temperature of the module will reach 50°C to 60°C, and its operating temperature is higher when working in an environment with super strong irradiance such as the northeast and northwest. Lowering the actual operating temperature of the module is conducive to increasing the power generation of the module. Therefore, in the actual working process of the photovoltaic module, it is necessary to dissipate heat from the photovoltaic module so as to maintain the photovoltaic module at a suitable operating temperature.

[0005] The all-vanadium redox flow battery energy storage system has become a hot topic in the field of energy storage due to its many advantages such as large capacity, high efficiency, fast response speed and good safety. It has excellent application prospects in many fields such as new energy storage, power grid peak-shaving communication base stations, UPS power supplies, etc. The vanadium battery system is mainly composed of a stack, an electrolyte circulation system, a temperature control system and an energy management system, in which the stack is composed of multiple single cells in series. The utilization rate of the electrolyte will increase with the increase of temperature, and the charge and discharge capacity of the stack system will increase accordingly, and vice versa. In actual tests, the temperature is high and the current efficiency is reduced. Excessive temperature will cause the precipitation of pentavalent vanadium ions and the deformation of the stack frame, thus leading to the failure of the stack. Too low temperature will not only reduce the utilization rate of the electrolyte and reduce the amount of electricity charged and discharged, but also may cause the danger of precipitation of divalent, trivalent and tetravalent ions in the vanadium electrolyte.

[0006] Therefore, in the northwest region of my country where the light radiation intensity is high, the temperature difference between day and night is large, and the use of all-vanadium redox flow batteries as energy storage devices for photovoltaic water electrolysis hydrogen production systems has room for improvement. In the process of daytime energy storage, the temperature of the electrolyte of the all-vanadium redox flow battery can be reduced, thereby reducing the precipitation of pentavalent vanadium ions and the deformation of the battery stack frame; and in the process of releasing energy at night, the risk of precipitation of divalent, trivalent and tetravalent ions of vanadium electrolyte caused by the low temperature at night can be overcome. In this way, the electrolyte of the all-vanadium redox flow battery can be stored at a suitable temperature during the process of energy storage and release, thereby improving market adaptability and market promotion. Summary of the invention

[0007] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a photovoltaic power generation energy storage device that can reasonably recover the energy released by photovoltaic modules during operation to maintain the normal operating temperature of all-vanadium redox flow batteries, thereby overcoming the defects in the prior art.

[0008] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a photovoltaic power generation energy storage device, including a plurality of photovoltaic power generation devices, a plurality of the photovoltaic power generation devices are electrically connected to a liquid flow battery, each of the photovoltaic power generation devices includes a plurality of photovoltaic power generation panels distributed in a straight line, the liquid flow battery includes an anode liquid storage tank, a cathode liquid storage tank and a battery stack, the outlet end of the anode liquid storage tank and the anode liquid inlet end of the battery stack, as well as the outlet end of the cathode liquid storage tank and the cathode liquid inlet end of the battery stack are respectively connected through a first electrolyte delivery main pipe, the first electrolyte delivery main pipe is sequentially provided with a first delivery pump and a first heat exchanger pipe passage in a direction from close to the battery stack to away from the battery stack, each of the photovoltaic power generation devices is provided with a plurality of photovoltaic power generation panels distributed in a straight line, the liquid flow battery includes an anode liquid storage tank, a cathode liquid storage tank and a battery stack, the outlet end of the anode liquid storage tank and the cathode liquid inlet end of the battery stack are respectively connected through a first electrolyte delivery main pipe, and the first electrolyte delivery main pipe is sequentially provided with a first delivery pump and a first heat exchanger pipe passage in a direction from close to the battery stack to away from the battery stack, Ventilation and heat exchange channels are respectively provided, and ventilation main pipes are provided on the outlet ends of several ventilation and heat exchange channels. The shell-side channel of each first heat exchanger and the ventilation main pipe are respectively connected through the first gas transmission branch pipe. The ventilation main pipe is sequentially provided with a fan and a heat source channel of the second heat exchanger along the ventilation and heat exchange channel to the first gas transmission branch pipe. The inlet end of the cold source channel of the second heat exchanger is provided with a first circulating water delivery main pipe, the inlet end of the cold source channel of the second heat exchanger is connected with the inlet end of the water storage tank, the bottom end of the water tank is connected with the second circulating water delivery main pipe, and the second circulating water delivery main pipe is provided with a second delivery pump. The shell-side channel of each first heat exchanger and the second circulating water delivery main pipe are connected through the first circulating water delivery branch pipe.

[0009] Preferably, the number of the water storage tanks is several, the several water storage tanks and the second heat exchanger are connected through a third circulating water delivery main pipe, each water storage tank and the third circulating water delivery main pipe are respectively connected through a second circulating water delivery branch pipe, each second circulating water delivery branch pipe is respectively provided with a first regulating valve, the third circulating water delivery main pipe is sequentially provided with a one-way valve and an outlet end of the first circulating delivery pipe along a direction from close to the second circulating water delivery branch pipe to away from the second circulating water delivery branch pipe, a first stop valve is provided on the first circulating delivery pipe, the second circulating water delivery main pipe between the second circulating water delivery branch pipe and the second delivery pump is connected to the inlet end of the first circulating delivery pipe, and a first temperature sensor is provided on the second circulating water delivery main pipe between the first circulating delivery pipe and the second delivery pump.

[0010] Preferably, the number of the anode liquid storage tanks and cathode liquid storage tanks is several, the bottom end of each anode liquid storage tank and the adjacent first electrolyte delivery main pipe, as well as the bottom end of each cathode liquid storage tank and the adjacent first electrolyte delivery main pipe are respectively connected through the first electrolyte delivery branch pipe, a third electrolyte delivery branch pipe is respectively arranged on the bottom end of each anode liquid storage tank, a fourth electrolyte delivery branch pipe is respectively arranged on the top end of each anode liquid storage tank, a fifth electrolyte delivery branch pipe is respectively arranged on the bottom end of each cathode liquid storage tank, a sixth electrolyte delivery branch pipe is respectively arranged on the top end of each cathode liquid storage tank, a second circulation delivery pipe is respectively arranged on the several fourth electrolyte delivery branches and the several third electrolyte delivery branches, as well as on the several fifth electrolyte delivery branches and the several sixth electrolyte delivery branches, and the second circulation delivery pipe is sequentially provided with a third delivery pump, a pipe-side channel of a third heat exchanger and a second temperature sensor along the direction from the inlet end of the second circulation delivery pipe to the outlet end of the second circulation delivery pipe.

[0011] Preferably, the inlet end of the shell-side channel of each of the third heat exchangers and the first ventilation main pipe on the side of the second heat exchanger away from the fan are respectively connected through the second air supply branch pipe, and the tube-side channel of each of the third heat exchangers are respectively connected to the second circulating water supply main pipe through the third circulating water supply branch pipe, and each second air supply branch pipe and each first air supply branch pipe are respectively provided with a third regulating valve, and each third circulating water supply branch pipe and each first circulating water supply branch pipe are respectively provided with a fourth regulating valve and a first liquid flow sensor in sequence along the direction away from the second circulating water supply main pipe to close to the second circulating water supply main pipe.

[0012] Preferably, the outlet end of each of the third heat exchanger shell-side channels and the outlet end of each of the first heat exchanger shell-side channels are respectively provided with the inlet end of a discharge pipe, each discharge pipe is respectively provided with a third temperature sensor, each discharge pipe is respectively provided with a gas-liquid separation tank at the outlet end, the inlet end of a gas phase delivery pipe is provided at the top end of each gas-liquid separation tank, the inlet end of a liquid phase delivery pipe is provided at the bottom end of each gas-liquid separation tank, each gas phase delivery pipe and each liquid phase delivery pipe are respectively provided with a third stop valve, the outlet ends of several gas phase delivery pipes are provided with an exhaust gas discharge main pipe, and the outlet ends of several liquid phase delivery pipes are provided with a circulating water return main pipe.

[0013] Preferably, a fourth temperature sensor is provided on the ventilation main pipe between the fan and the second heat exchanger, an inlet end of a third gas branch pipe is provided on the ventilation main pipe between the fourth temperature sensor and the second heat exchanger, a fifth regulating valve is provided on the third gas branch pipe, the ventilation main pipe between the second heat exchanger and the first gas branch pipe is provided with an inlet end of a fourth gas branch pipe, a sixth regulating valve, a fifth temperature sensor, an air mixer and a sixth temperature sensor in sequence along the direction of the second heat exchanger and the first gas branch pipe, the fourth gas branch pipe is provided with a seventh regulating valve, a buffer tank, a boost end of a turbine expander, a heat source channel of a post-heat exchanger and an expansion end of a turbine expander in sequence along the direction from close to the ventilation main pipe to far away from the ventilation main pipe, and the outlet end of the fourth gas branch pipe and the outlet end of the third gas branch pipe are both connected to the air mixer.

[0014] Preferably, the air mixer includes a shell, a first curved pipe, a second curved pipe, an air guide cone and spiral blades which are arranged in sequence in the shell along the direction from the inlet end to the outlet end of the shell. The number of spiral blades is several, and the several spiral blades are evenly distributed on the outside of the central axis of the shell. The central axis of one end of the first curved pipe located in the inner cavity of the shell, the central axis of one end of the second curved pipe located in the inner cavity of the shell, the central axis of the air guide cone and the central axis of the shell are located on the same axis, the outlet end of the fourth gas branch pipe is connected to one end of the second curved pipe located outside the shell, and one end of the first curved pipe located outside the shell is connected to the outlet end of the third gas branch pipe.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: first, the present invention utilizes airflow to cool the photovoltaic panels in operation, thereby preventing the photovoltaic panels from overheating and affecting the power generation efficiency, and can absorb the heat of the airflow after heat exchange with circulating water, thereby maintaining the battery stack to release electricity outward at night. Since the ambient temperature is too low, additional heat energy is required to maintain the operating temperature of the cathode liquid so as not to precipitate solid impurities and cause blockage; and the temperature of the airflow after heat exchange with the circulating water can be reasonably adjusted to cool the battery stack during the daytime energy storage process, thereby maintaining the temperature of the anode liquid so as not to precipitate solid impurities and cause blockage; during the charging and discharging process of the battery stack, the heat carried by the airflow and the airflow itself are fully utilized so that the cathode liquid and the anode liquid corresponding to the battery stack can be kept at a reasonable operating temperature, thereby maintaining the entire liquid flow battery at a more preferred operating temperature, thereby improving the energy storage efficiency.

[0016] Secondly, the second circulation conveying pipe of the present invention is provided with a third conveying pump, a pipe channel of a third heat exchanger and a second temperature sensor in sequence along the direction from the inlet end to the outlet end of the second circulation conveying pipe; the installation of the second temperature sensor facilitates the feedback of temperature parameters.

[0017] Again, each third circulating water delivery branch pipe and each first circulating water delivery branch pipe of the present invention are respectively provided with a fourth regulating valve and a first liquid flow sensor in sequence along the direction away from the second circulating water delivery main pipe to close to the second circulating water delivery main pipe. The installation of the first liquid flow sensor facilitates the feedback of flow parameters.

[0018] The invention has the advantages of simple structure, convenient operation, ingenious design, greatly improved working efficiency, good social and economic benefits, and is a product that is easy to promote and use. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of detail A. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a photovoltaic power generation energy storage device includes a plurality of photovoltaic power generation devices, and a plurality of the photovoltaic power generation devices are electrically connected to a liquid flow battery, each of the photovoltaic power generation devices includes a plurality of photovoltaic power generation panels 1 distributed in a straight line, and the liquid flow battery includes an anode liquid storage tank 2, a cathode liquid storage tank 3 and a battery stack 4, and the outlet end of the anode liquid storage tank 2 and the anode liquid inlet end of the battery stack 4, as well as the outlet end of the cathode liquid storage tank 3 and the cathode liquid inlet end of the battery stack 4 are respectively connected through a first electrolyte delivery main pipe 5, and the first electrolyte delivery main pipe 5 is sequentially provided with a second liquid flow sensor 68, an eighth temperature sensor 69, a first delivery pump 6, a pipe-side channel of a first heat exchanger 7 and a ninth temperature sensor 70 in a direction from close to the battery stack 4 to away from the battery stack 4, and each of the photovoltaic power generation devices is provided with a plurality of photovoltaic power generation panels 1 distributed in a straight line, and the liquid flow battery includes an anode liquid storage tank 2, a cathode liquid storage tank 3 and a battery stack 4, and the outlet end of the anode liquid storage tank 2 and the cathode liquid inlet end of the battery stack 4 are respectively connected through a first electrolyte delivery main pipe 5. Ventilation and heat exchange channels 8 are respectively provided, and ventilation main pipes 9 are provided on the outlet ends of several ventilation and heat exchange channels 8. The shell-side channel of each first heat exchanger 7 and the ventilation main pipe 9 are respectively connected through the first gas transmission branch pipe 10. The ventilation main pipe 9 is sequentially provided with a fan 11 and a heat source channel of the second heat exchanger 12 along the ventilation and heat exchange channel 8 to the first gas transmission branch pipe 10. The inlet end of the cold source channel of the second heat exchanger 12 is provided with a first circulating water delivery main pipe 13. The inlet end of the cold source channel of the second heat exchanger 12 is connected to the inlet end of the water storage tank 14, and the bottom end of the water tank 14 is connected to the second circulating water delivery main pipe 15. The second circulating water delivery main pipe 15 is provided with a second delivery pump 16. The shell-side channel of each first heat exchanger 7 is connected to the second circulating water delivery main pipe 15 through the first circulating water delivery branch pipe 17.

[0022] During a working cycle of the photovoltaic power generation panel 1 with a sunshine length, due to different ambient temperatures, the airflow transported through the ventilation heat exchange channel 8 after heat exchange with the photovoltaic power generation panel 1 will also have temperature differences over time. Therefore, in order to make the circulating water temperature after heat exchange consistent within a working cycle of a sunshine length, the number of water storage tanks 14 described in this product is several, and the several water storage tanks 14 are connected to the second heat exchanger 12 through the third circulating water delivery main pipe 18. Each water storage tank 14 and the third circulating water delivery main pipe 18 are respectively connected through the second circulating water delivery branch pipe 19. Each second circulating water The delivery branch pipes 19 are respectively provided with first regulating valves 20, the third circulating water delivery main pipe 18 is sequentially provided with one-way valves 21 and the outlet end of the first circulating delivery pipe 22 along the direction from close to the second circulating water delivery branch pipe 19 to far away from the second circulating water delivery branch pipe 19, the first circulating delivery pipe 22 is provided with a first stop valve 23, the second circulating water delivery main pipe 15 between the second circulating water delivery branch pipe 19 and the second delivery pump 16 is connected to the inlet end of the first circulating delivery pipe 22, and the second circulating water delivery main pipe 15 between the first circulating delivery pipe 22 and the second delivery pump 16 is provided with a first temperature sensor 24. The water storage tank 14 includes a water storage tank body, a drain valve provided at the bottom of the water storage tank body, and an exhaust valve provided at the top of the water storage tank body. At this time, the drain valves arranged at the bottom of several water storage tank bodies are opened at the same time, and the water stored in several water storage tank bodies enters the second circulating water delivery main pipe 15 at the same time, and is driven by the second delivery pump 16 to be delivered to the first circulating delivery pipe 22, and then delivered to several water storage tank bodies at the same time through several second circulating water delivery branch pipes 19, and the circulation is maintained for a preset time so that the temperature of the circulating water stored in several water storage tank bodies tends to be consistent.

[0023] The number of the anode liquid storage tanks 2 and cathode liquid storage tanks 3 is several, and installing several anode liquid storage tanks 2 and several cathode liquid storage tanks 3 is convenient for increasing the storage capacity of cathode liquid and anode liquid. One of the cathode liquid storage tanks 3 and one of the anode liquid storage tanks 2 is in use, and the remaining cathode liquid storage tanks 3 and the remaining anode liquid storage tanks 2 are in standby state; the bottom end of each anode liquid storage tank 2 and the adjacent first electrolyte delivery main pipe 5 and the bottom end of each cathode liquid storage tank 3 and the adjacent first electrolyte delivery main pipe 5 are respectively connected through the first electrolyte delivery branch pipe 25, and the bottom end of each anode liquid storage tank 2 is respectively provided with a third electrolyte delivery branch pipe 26, and the top end of each anode liquid storage tank 2 is respectively provided with a fourth electrolyte delivery branch pipe 27, and the bottom end of each cathode liquid storage tank 3 is respectively provided with a fifth electrolyte delivery branch pipe 28. The electrolyte delivery branch pipe 28, a sixth electrolyte delivery branch pipe 29 is respectively arranged on the top of each cathode liquid storage tank 3, a second circulation delivery pipe 30 is respectively arranged on a plurality of fourth electrolyte delivery branch pipes 27 and a plurality of third electrolyte delivery branch pipes 26, as well as a plurality of fifth electrolyte delivery branch pipes 28 and a plurality of sixth electrolyte delivery branch pipes 29, and the second circulation delivery pipe 30 is sequentially arranged with a tenth temperature sensor 71, a third delivery pump 31, a pipe-side channel of a third heat exchanger 32, a third liquid flow sensor 72 and a second temperature sensor 33 along the direction from the inlet end of the second circulation delivery pipe 30 to the outlet end of the second circulation delivery pipe 30.

[0024] Each first electrolyte delivery branch pipe 25, each third electrolyte delivery branch pipe 26, each fourth electrolyte delivery branch pipe 27, each fifth electrolyte delivery branch pipe 28 and each sixth electrolyte delivery branch pipe 29 are respectively provided with a second regulating valve 34. A second electrolyte delivery main pipe 35 is respectively provided between the top of a plurality of anode liquid storage tanks 2 and the anode liquid outlet end of the battery stack 4, and between the top of a plurality of cathode liquid storage tanks 3 and the cathode liquid outlet end of the battery stack 4. The top of each anode liquid storage tank 2 and the adjacent second electrolyte delivery main pipe 35, and the top of each cathode liquid storage tank 3 and the adjacent second electrolyte delivery main pipe 35 are respectively connected through the second electrolyte delivery branch pipe 36, and a second stop valve 37 is provided on the second electrolyte delivery branch pipe 36.

[0025] The anode liquid stored in the anode liquid storage tank 2 in the standby state and the cathode liquid stored in the cathode liquid storage tank 3 in the standby state should also be within a suitable temperature range so as to be transported to the fuel cell stack 4 at any time. Therefore, the inlet end of the shell-side channel of each of the third heat exchangers 32 and the first ventilation main pipe 9 on the side of the second heat exchanger 12 away from the fan 11 are respectively connected through the second gas branch pipe 38, and the tube-side channel of each of the third heat exchangers 32 and the second circulating water delivery main pipe 15 are respectively connected through the third circulating water delivery branch pipe 39, and each second gas delivery branch pipe 38 and each first gas delivery branch pipe are respectively provided with a third regulating valve 40, and each third circulating water delivery branch pipe 39 and each first circulating water delivery branch pipe 17 are respectively provided with a fourth regulating valve 41 and a first liquid flow sensor 42 in the direction away from the second circulating water delivery main pipe 15 to close to the second circulating water delivery main pipe 15. The inlet end of the discharge pipe 43 is respectively arranged on the outlet end of each shell-side channel of the third heat exchanger 32 and the outlet end of each shell-side channel of the first heat exchanger 7, and the third temperature sensor 44 is respectively arranged on each discharge pipe 43. A gas-liquid separation tank 45 is respectively arranged on the outlet end of each discharge pipe 43, and the inlet end of the gas phase delivery pipe 46 is arranged on the top end of each gas-liquid separation tank 45, and the inlet end of the liquid phase delivery pipe 47 is arranged on the bottom end of each gas-liquid separation tank 45. A third stop valve 48 is respectively arranged on each gas phase delivery pipe 46 and each liquid phase delivery pipe 47, and an exhaust gas discharge main pipe 49 is arranged on the outlet ends of several gas phase delivery pipes 46, and a circulating water return main pipe 50 is arranged on the outlet ends of several liquid phase delivery pipes 47.

[0026] A fourth temperature sensor 51 is provided on the ventilation main pipe 9 between the fan 11 and the second heat exchanger 12, an inlet end of a third gas branch pipe 52 is provided on the ventilation main pipe 9 between the fourth temperature sensor 51 and the second heat exchanger 12, and a fifth regulating valve 53 is provided on the third gas branch pipe 52. The ventilation main pipe 9 between the second heat exchanger 12 and the first gas branch pipe 10 is provided with an inlet end of a fourth gas branch pipe 54, a sixth regulating valve 55, a fifth temperature sensor 56, an air mixer and a sixth temperature sensor 57 in sequence along the direction of the second heat exchanger 12 and the first gas branch pipe 10. The fourth gas branch pipe 54 is provided with a seventh regulating valve 58, a buffer tank 59, a boost end of a turbine expander 60, a heat source channel of a post-machine heat exchanger 61, an expansion end of the turbine expander 60 and a seventh temperature sensor 67 in sequence along the direction from close to the ventilation main pipe 9 to far away from the ventilation main pipe 9. The outlet end of the fourth gas branch pipe 54 and the outlet end of the third gas branch pipe 52 are both connected to the air mixer.

[0027] The air mixer includes a shell 62, a first curved pipe 63, a second curved pipe 64, an air guide cone 65 and a spiral blade 66 which are sequentially arranged in the shell 62 along the inlet end of the shell 62 to the outlet end of the shell 62. The number of spiral blades 66 is several, and the several spiral blades 66 are evenly distributed on the outside of the central axis of the shell 62. The central axis of one end of the first curved pipe 63 located in the inner cavity of the shell 62, the central axis of one end of the second curved pipe 64 located in the inner cavity of the shell 62, the central axis of the air guide cone 65 and the central axis of the shell 62 are located on the same axis. The outlet end of the fourth gas supply branch pipe 54 is connected to one end of the second curved pipe 64 located outside the shell 62, and one end of the first curved pipe 63 located outside the shell 62 is connected to the outlet end of the third gas supply branch pipe 52.

[0028] The anode liquid storage tank 2 , cathode liquid storage tank 3 , water storage tank 14 and gas-liquid separation tank 45 are each provided with a liquid level sensor 73 .

[0029] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the battery stack 4 described in this product includes two usage states, namely, the charging process of the battery stack 4 to the cathode liquid and the anode liquid and the discharge process of the cathode liquid and the anode liquid to the battery stack 4; The charging process of the cathode liquid and the anode liquid of the battery stack 4 includes the following steps: S1. Turn on the fan 11, and the electric energy produced by the photovoltaic power generation panel 1 is transmitted to the battery stack 4. The outside atmosphere passes through a plurality of ventilation and heat exchange channels 8 and the photovoltaic power generation panel 1 in a state to form a heat exchange airflow, which is sent to the ventilation main pipe 9. After the temperature is fed back by the fourth temperature sensor 51, the first part of the heat exchange airflow is sent to the air mixer through the third gas transmission branch pipe 52; the second part of the heat exchange airflow passes through the heat source channel of the second heat exchanger 12 and the circulating water continuously supplied to the cold source channel of the second heat exchanger 12, and then continues to move along the ventilation main pipe 9 and passes through the fifth temperature sensor 51. The second part of the heat exchange airflow passes through the heat source channel of the second heat exchanger 12 and the circulating water continuously supplied to the cold source channel of the second heat exchanger 12 for heat exchange, and then is supplied to the fourth gas supply branch pipe 54, and is supplied to the boost end of the turbine expander 60 through the buffer tank 59 for compression, and then is supplied to the heat source channel of the post-machine heat exchanger 61 and the circulating water continuously supplied to the cold source channel of the post-machine heat exchanger 61 for heat exchange, and then is supplied to the expansion end of the turbine expander 60 for expansion and cooling, and then is supplied to the air mixer after the temperature is fed back by the seventh temperature sensor 67.

[0030] In step S1, the first circulating water delivery main pipe 13 continuously delivers circulating water to the cold source channel of the second heat exchanger 12 and continuously delivers the medium to the heat source channel of the second heat exchanger 12 for heat exchange, and the heated circulating water is supplied to the plurality of water storage tanks 14 through the third circulating water delivery main pipe 18. While the plurality of water storage tanks 14 continue to receive the heated circulating water, the second delivery pump 16 should also be started, and the plurality of water storage tanks 14 jointly supply the heated circulating water to the second circulating water delivery main pipe 15 and then send the heated circulating water back to the plurality of water storage tanks 14 through the first circulating delivery pipe 22, so as to keep the temperature of the heated circulating water received by the plurality of water storage tanks 14 consistent within one power generation cycle of the photovoltaic power generation panel 1.

[0031] In addition, in step S1, if the temperature fed back by the fifth temperature sensor 56 is between 32°C and 35°C, the flow rates of the first part of the heat exchange airflow and the third part of the heat exchange airflow are both zero. At this time, the temperatures fed back by the fifth temperature sensor 56 and the sixth temperature sensor 57 are equal.

[0032] If the temperature fed back by the fifth temperature sensor 56 is less than 32° C., then at this time, the flow rate of the first part of the heat exchange airflow, the flow rate of the second part of the heat exchange airflow, and the flow rate of the third part of the heat exchange airflow should satisfy the relationship 1, which is: in, is the flow rate of the first part of the heat exchange gas flow; Specific heat coefficient of air; is the temperature parameter fed back by the sixth temperature sensor 57; is the temperature parameter fed back by the fourth temperature sensor 51; is the flow rate of the second heat exchange gas flow; The temperature parameter fed back by the fifth temperature sensor 56; is the flow rate of the heat exchange air flow in the third part; The temperature parameter fed back by the seventh temperature sensor 67; The value is between 32℃ and 35℃.

[0033] Further deformation of the above relational expression 1 can yield relational expression 2, which is: in, is the flow rate of the first part of the heat exchange gas flow; is the temperature parameter fed back by the sixth temperature sensor 57; is the temperature parameter fed back by the fourth temperature sensor 51; is the flow rate of the second heat exchange gas flow; The temperature parameter fed back by the fifth temperature sensor 56; is the flow rate of the heat exchange air flow in the third part; is the temperature parameter fed back by the seventh temperature sensor 67, The value is between 32℃ and 35℃.

[0034] If the temperature fed back by the fifth temperature sensor 56 is greater than 35° C., then at this time, the flow rate of the first part of the heat exchange airflow, the flow rate of the second part of the heat exchange airflow, and the flow rate of the third part of the heat exchange airflow should satisfy the relationship 1, and the relationship 3 is: in, is the flow rate of the first part of the heat exchange gas flow; Specific heat coefficient of air; is the temperature parameter fed back by the sixth temperature sensor 57; is the temperature parameter fed back by the fourth temperature sensor 51; is the flow rate of the second heat exchange gas flow; The temperature parameter fed back by the fifth temperature sensor 56; is the flow rate of the heat exchange air flow in the third part; is the temperature parameter fed back by the seventh temperature sensor 67, The value is between 32℃ and 35℃.

[0035] Further transforming the relational expression 3 into the relational expression 4, the relational expression 4 is: in, is the flow rate of the first part of the heat exchange gas flow; is the temperature parameter fed back by the sixth temperature sensor 57; is the temperature parameter fed back by the fourth temperature sensor 51; is the flow rate of the second heat exchange gas flow; The temperature parameter fed back by the fifth temperature sensor 56; is the flow rate of the heat exchange air flow in the third part; is the temperature parameter fed back by the seventh temperature sensor 67, The value is between 32℃ and 35℃.

[0036] S2. The anode liquid storage tank 2 in working state transports anode liquid to the fuel cell stack 4 through the corresponding first electrolyte delivery main pipe 5, during which heat exchange is carried out through the tube-side channel of the first heat exchanger 7 installed on the first electrolyte delivery main pipe 5 and the medium continuously transported into the shell-side channel of the first heat exchanger 7; the cathode liquid storage tank 3 in working state transports cathode liquid to the fuel cell stack 4 through the corresponding first electrolyte delivery main pipe 5, during which heat exchange is carried out through the tube-side channel of the first heat exchanger 7 installed on the first electrolyte delivery main pipe 5 and the medium continuously transported into the shell-side channel of the first heat exchanger 7; and the remaining anode liquid storage tanks 2 in standby state jointly transport anode liquid to the corresponding second circulation delivery pipe 30 to form a first circulation, during which heat exchange is carried out through the tube-side channel of the third heat exchanger 32 installed on the second circulation delivery pipe 30; the remaining cathode liquid storage tanks 3 in standby state jointly transport anode liquid to the corresponding second circulation delivery pipe 30 to form a second circulation, during which heat exchange is carried out through the tube-side channel of the third heat exchanger 32 installed on the second circulation delivery pipe 30.

[0037] At the same time, the first part of the heat exchange airflow, the second part of the heat exchange airflow and the third part of the heat exchange airflow are mixed in the air mixer to form a fourth heat exchange airflow. The fourth heat exchange airflow is delivered to the shell side channel of the third heat exchanger 32 for heat exchange with the medium continuously delivered to the tube side channel of the third heat exchanger 32 after the sixth temperature sensor 57 feedbacks the parameters, and is also delivered to the shell side channel of the first heat exchanger 7 for heat exchange with the medium continuously delivered to the tube side channel of the third heat exchanger 32.

[0038] S3. Part of the fourth heat exchange gas discharged from the shell-side channel of the third heat exchanger 32 is transported to the exhaust gas main pipe 49 through the corresponding gas-liquid separation tank 45 and the gas phase delivery pipe 46 for discharge; part of the fourth heat exchange gas discharged from the shell-side channel of the first heat exchanger 7 is transported to the exhaust gas main pipe 49 through the corresponding gas-liquid separation tank 45 and the gas phase delivery pipe 46 for discharge.

[0039] During step S2 and step S3, the fourth heat exchange air flow is oversupplied, and the temperature of the fourth heat exchange air flow is between 32°C and 35°C.

[0040] After the photovoltaic panel 1 completes a power generation cycle, due to the lack of light after completing a power generation cycle, the ambient temperature will continue to drop, and the cathode liquid and the anode liquid need to complete the energy release process to the battery stack 4, so as to maintain the downstream water electrolysis hydrogen production process to continuously obtain electrical energy. The specific steps are as follows: S4, the anode liquid storage tank 2 in working state transports anode liquid to the fuel cell stack 4 through the corresponding first electrolyte delivery main pipe 5, during which heat exchange is carried out through the tube-side channel of the first heat exchanger 7 installed on the first electrolyte delivery main pipe 5 and the medium continuously transported into the shell-side channel of the first heat exchanger 7; the cathode liquid storage tank 3 in working state transports cathode liquid to the fuel cell stack 4 through the corresponding first electrolyte delivery main pipe 5, during which heat exchange is carried out through the tube-side channel of the first heat exchanger 7 installed on the first electrolyte delivery main pipe 5 and the medium continuously transported into the shell-side channel of the first heat exchanger 7; and the remaining anode liquid storage tanks 2 in standby state jointly transport anode liquid to the corresponding second circulation delivery pipe 30 to form a third circulation, during which heat exchange is carried out through the tube-side channel of the third heat exchanger 32 installed on the second circulation delivery pipe 30; the remaining cathode liquid storage tanks 3 in standby state jointly transport anode liquid to the corresponding second circulation delivery pipe 30 to form a fourth circulation, during which heat exchange is carried out through the tube-side channel of the third heat exchanger 32 installed on the second circulation delivery pipe 30.

[0041] At the same time, the heated circulating water stored in several water storage tanks 14 enters the second circulating water delivery main pipe 15, and is delivered to the shell-side channel of the third heat exchanger 32 and the shell-side channel of the first heat exchanger 7 after the temperature parameters are fed back by the first temperature sensor 24. The heated circulating water entering the shell-side channel of the third heat exchanger 32 is heat-exchanged with the medium continuously delivered to the tube-side channel of the third heat exchanger 32, and then is delivered to the corresponding gas-liquid separation tank 45 and the liquid phase delivery pipe 47 to the circulating water return main pipe 50 and returned to the circulating water system; the heated circulating water entering the shell-side channel of the first heat exchanger 7 is heat-exchanged with the medium continuously delivered to the tube-side channel of the first heat exchanger 7, and then is delivered to the corresponding gas-liquid separation tank 45 and the liquid phase delivery pipe 47 to the circulating water return main pipe 50 and returned to the circulating water system.

[0042] In step S4, the heat exchange between the medium transported in the tube-side channel of the first heat exchanger 7 and the medium transported in the shell-side channel of the first heat exchanger 7 and the heat exchange between the medium transported in the tube-side channel of the third heat exchanger 32 and the medium transported in the shell-side channel of the third heat exchanger 32 should satisfy the relationship 5: The relational equation 5 is: in, The flow rate of the heated circulating water received by the shell-side channel of the third heat exchanger 32 or the shell-side channel of the first heat exchanger 7; is the specific heat coefficient of circulating water; is the temperature fed back by the first temperature sensor 24; is a parameter fed back by the second temperature sensor 33 or the ninth temperature sensor 70, The value is 32℃ to 35℃; The flow rate of the liquid medium received by the tube-side channel of the third heat exchanger 32 or the tube-side channel of the first heat exchanger 7; is the specific heat coefficient of the anolyte or catholyte; is a parameter fed back by the eighth temperature sensor 69 or the tenth temperature sensor 71; is the coefficient, The value is 0.6-0.8.

[0043] Through this embodiment, air flow is used to cool the photovoltaic power generation panel 1 in a working state, so as to avoid overheating of the photovoltaic power generation panel 1 and thus affect the power generation efficiency, and the heat of the air flow after heat exchange can be absorbed by circulating water, so as to maintain the battery stack 4 to release electricity to the outside at night. Since the ambient temperature is too low, additional heat energy is required to maintain the operating temperature of the cathode liquid so as not to precipitate solid impurities and cause blockage; and the temperature of the air flow after heat exchange with the circulating water can be reasonably adjusted to cool the battery stack 4 during the daytime energy storage process, so as to maintain the temperature of the anode liquid and not precipitate solid impurities and cause blockage; during the charging and discharging process of the battery stack 4, the heat carried by the air flow and the air flow itself are fully utilized so that the cathode liquid and the anode liquid corresponding to the battery stack 4 can be kept at a reasonable operating temperature, thereby maintaining the entire liquid flow battery at a more preferred operating temperature, so that the energy storage efficiency is improved.

[0044] The embodiments described above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of implementation of the present invention. Therefore, any equivalent changes or modifications made according to the structures, features and principles described in the patent scope of the present invention should be included in the scope of the patent application of the present invention.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic power generation energy storage device, comprising a plurality of photovoltaic power generation devices, wherein a plurality of the photovoltaic power generation devices are electrically connected to a flow battery, and each of the photovoltaic power generation devices comprises a plurality of photovoltaic power generation panels (1) distributed in a straight line, characterized in that: The liquid flow battery comprises an anolyte storage tank (2), a cathode liquid storage tank (3) and a battery stack (4); the outlet end of the anolyte storage tank (2) and the anolyte inlet end of the battery stack (4) as well as the outlet end of the cathode liquid storage tank (3) and the cathode liquid inlet end of the battery stack (4) are respectively connected via a first electrolyte delivery main pipe (5); the first electrolyte delivery main pipe (5) is provided with a first delivery pump (6) and a tube-side channel of a first heat exchanger (7) in sequence in a direction from close to the battery stack (4) to far away from the battery stack (4); each photovoltaic power generation device is provided with a ventilation heat exchange channel (8); a ventilation main pipe (9) is provided at the outlet end of a plurality of ventilation heat exchange channels (8); and each shell-side channel and ventilation main pipe (9) of the first heat exchanger (7) The first heat exchanger (7) and the second heat exchanger (12) are connected to each other through a first gas transmission branch pipe (10). The ventilation main pipe (9) is provided with a fan (11) and a heat source channel of the second heat exchanger (12) in sequence along the ventilation heat exchange channel (8) to the first gas transmission branch pipe (10). The inlet end of the cold source channel of the second heat exchanger (12) is provided with a first circulating water transmission main pipe (13). The inlet end of the cold source channel of the second heat exchanger (12) is connected to the inlet end of the water storage tank (14). The bottom end of the water tank (14) is connected to the second circulating water transmission main pipe (15). The second circulating water transmission main pipe (15) is provided with a second delivery pump (16). The shell side channel of each first heat exchanger (7) and the second circulating water transmission main pipe (15) are connected to each other through the first circulating water transmission branch pipe (17).

2. The photovoltaic power generation energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water storage tanks (14) are provided in a plurality of numbers. The plurality of water storage tanks (14) and the second heat exchanger (12) are connected via a third circulating water delivery main pipe (18). Each water storage tank (14) and the third circulating water delivery main pipe (18) are connected via a second circulating water delivery branch pipe (19). Each second circulating water delivery branch pipe (19) is provided with a first regulating valve (20). The third circulating water delivery main pipe (18) is connected along a direction from close to the second circulating water delivery branch pipe (19) to far away from the second circulating water delivery branch pipe (19). A one-way valve (21) and an outlet end of a first circulating delivery pipe (22) are sequentially arranged in the direction of the delivery branch pipe (19); a first stop valve (23) is arranged on the first circulating delivery pipe (22); a second circulating water delivery main pipe (15) between the second circulating water delivery branch pipe (19) and the second delivery pump (16) is connected to an inlet end of the first circulating delivery pipe (22); and a first temperature sensor (24) is arranged on the second circulating water delivery main pipe (15) between the first circulating delivery pipe (22) and the second delivery pump (16).

3. The photovoltaic power generation energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the anode liquid storage tanks (2) and cathode liquid storage tanks (3) is multiple, the bottom end of each anode liquid storage tank (2) and the adjacent first electrolyte delivery main pipe (5) as well as the bottom end of each cathode liquid storage tank (3) and the adjacent first electrolyte delivery main pipe (5) are connected via a first electrolyte delivery branch pipe (25), the bottom end of each anode liquid storage tank (2) is provided with a third electrolyte delivery branch pipe (26), the top end of each anode liquid storage tank (2) is provided with a fourth electrolyte delivery branch pipe (27), and the bottom end of each cathode liquid storage tank (3) is provided with a fifth electrolyte delivery branch pipe ( 28), a sixth electrolyte delivery branch pipe (29) is respectively arranged on the top of each cathode liquid storage tank (3), a second circulation delivery pipe (30) is respectively arranged on a plurality of fourth electrolyte delivery branch pipes (27) and a plurality of third electrolyte delivery branch pipes (26) as well as a plurality of fifth electrolyte delivery branch pipes (28) and a plurality of sixth electrolyte delivery branch pipes (29), and a third delivery pump (31), a tube channel of a third heat exchanger (32) and a second temperature sensor (33) are sequentially arranged on the second circulation delivery pipe (30) along the direction from the inlet end of the second circulation delivery pipe (30) to the outlet end of the second circulation delivery pipe (30).

4. The photovoltaic power generation energy storage device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The inlet end of the shell-side channel of each of the third heat exchangers (32) and the first ventilation main pipe (9) on the side of the second heat exchanger (12) away from the fan (11) are respectively connected via a second gas delivery branch pipe (38), and the tube-side channel of each of the third heat exchangers (32) and the second circulating water delivery main pipe (15) are respectively connected via a third circulating water delivery branch pipe (39), and each second gas delivery branch pipe (38) and each first gas delivery branch pipe are respectively provided with a third regulating valve (40), and each third circulating water delivery branch pipe (39) and each first circulating water delivery branch pipe (17) are respectively provided with a fourth regulating valve (41) and a first liquid flow sensor (42) in sequence along a direction away from the second circulating water delivery main pipe (15) to close to the second circulating water delivery main pipe (15).

5. The photovoltaic power generation energy storage device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The outlet end of each shell-side channel of the third heat exchanger (32) and the outlet end of each shell-side channel of the first heat exchanger (7) are respectively provided with the inlet end of a discharge pipe (43), each discharge pipe (43) is respectively provided with a third temperature sensor (44), each discharge pipe (43) is respectively provided with a gas-liquid separation tank (45) at the outlet end, the top end of each gas-liquid separation tank (45) is provided with the inlet end of a gas phase delivery pipe (46), the bottom end of each gas-liquid separation tank (45) is provided with the inlet end of a liquid phase delivery pipe (47), each gas phase delivery pipe (46) and each liquid phase delivery pipe (47) are respectively provided with a third stop valve (48), the outlet ends of a plurality of gas phase delivery pipes (46) are provided with an exhaust gas discharge main pipe (49), and the outlet ends of a plurality of liquid phase delivery pipes (47) are provided with a circulating water return main pipe (50).

6. The photovoltaic power generation energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A fourth temperature sensor (51) is provided on the ventilation main pipe (9) between the fan (11) and the second heat exchanger (12); an inlet end of a third gas branch pipe (52) is provided on the ventilation main pipe (9) between the fourth temperature sensor (51) and the second heat exchanger (12); a fifth regulating valve (53) is provided on the third gas branch pipe (52); and fourth gas branch pipes (53) are provided in sequence along the direction of the second heat exchanger (12) and the first gas branch pipe (10). The fourth gas branch pipe (54) is provided with a seventh regulating valve (58), a buffer tank (59), a boost end of a turbine expander (60), a heat source channel of a post-heat exchanger (61) and an expansion end of the turbine expander (60) in sequence along a direction from close to the ventilation main pipe (9) to far away from the ventilation main pipe (9); the outlet end of the fourth gas branch pipe (54) and the outlet end of the third gas branch pipe (52) are both connected to the air mixer.

7. The photovoltaic power generation energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air mixer comprises a shell (62), a first curved pipe (63), a second curved pipe (64), an air guide cone (65) and a spiral blade (66) arranged in sequence in the shell (62) along the direction from the inlet end of the shell (62) to the outlet end of the shell (62), wherein the number of the spiral blades (66) is a plurality, and the plurality of spiral blades (66) are evenly distributed outside the central axis of the shell (62), the central axis of one end of the first curved pipe (63) located in the inner cavity of the shell (62), the central axis of one end of the second curved pipe (64) located in the inner cavity of the shell (62), the central axis of the air guide cone (65) and the central axis of the shell (62) are located on the same axis, the outlet end of the fourth gas transmission branch pipe (54) is connected to one end of the second curved pipe (64) located outside the shell (62), and the end of the first curved pipe (63) located outside the shell (62) is connected to the outlet end of the third gas transmission branch pipe (52).

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