Fragrance composition for sleep improvement

Abstract

Provided herein are perfume compositions comprising a heteroatomic musk compound and / or a non-cyclic musk compound that improve sleep in a subject by exposure to the perfume composition. Consumer products containing such perfume compositions and methods of use thereof are also provided.

Description

[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0002] This application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Application No. 63 / 316,496, filed on March 4, 2022, the contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety. Technical Field

[0003] The present disclosure relates to fragrance compositions, more particularly to fragrance compositions containing musk, which induce sleep improvement in subjects upon exposure to the fragrance compositions. The present disclosure also relates to consumer products containing such fragrance compositions and methods of use thereof. Background Art

[0004] Sleep deprivation and / or poor sleep quality is a modern challenge that negatively impacts overall global health and societal productivity. Up to 84% of the global population has reportedly experienced some form of sleep difficulty. The CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) recommends that adults 18 years and older should get 7 hours or more of sleep per night, as good sleep is associated with many benefits, including better mood, appearance, immune health, and cognitive / physical function (e.g., concentration, memory, etc.). Unfortunately, in recent years (especially during the COVID pandemic), we have seen an increasing number of people reporting issues with sleep deprivation and / or poor sleep quality. In fact, according to research published in Harvard Business Review, poor sleep among employees at 4 companies costs $54 million in lost productivity each year.

[0005] One common approach to addressing this problem involves taking prescription medications (e.g., Zolpidem sold as Ambien) and / or OTC (over-the-counter) medications (e.g., melatonin supplements). Problems with these solutions may include: (i) the real risk of abuse and addiction of the sleep aid Ambien, (ii) adverse side effects, (iii) limited access to melatonin due to different regulatory regimes (e.g., melatonin is sold OTC in the United States and is only available by prescription in other countries), and / or (iv) these pharmaceutical solutions tend to address only selected sleep issues (e.g., Ambien treats insomnia, while melatonin helps with the sleep-wake cycle).

[0006] Another approach involves using aromatherapy solutions to influence consumers' sleep patterns. Commonly used aromatics include lavender, rose, ylang-ylang, geranium, sage, orange blossom, marjoram, etc., which are widely known as essential oils with soothing effects (JP5019016B2, Takasago). However, the disadvantages of these natural oils may include: (i) they each have a unique / characteristic aroma and their palatability among different consumers is often not universal, causing another person nearby to experience disgust, irritation, etc., and / or (ii) essential oils often have different degrees of efficacy. US2021 / 0008082A1 (Takasago) discloses a fragrance composition that can be used to improve sleep, comprising at least one floral aroma compound and at least one selected from L-Musk ketone, and Musk Musk compounds. US 2020 / 0048578A1 (Givaudan SA) describes a method for preparing a fragrance composition suitable for solving sleep quality problems, wherein the composition comprises a long list of fragrance ingredients, including 0.01 wt% to 50 wt% of at least one selected from ambrettolide, Cyclopentadecalactone, Ethylene glycol brazilate, Galaxolide S, Muscenone, Musk C14, Supra, and Musk ingredients (B15). These attempts have advocated the indiscriminate use of such musk compounds without regard to the classification of the musk compounds and / or their effects on sleep benefits. Therefore, while these attempts disclose the use of musk compounds in fragrance compositions for sleep quality, they do not teach the inclusion of specific classes of musk compounds or levels of these classes of musk compounds for providing benefits of improving sleep quantity and / or quality.

[0007] Therefore, there is still a need to find fragrance compositions that are effective in improving the amount and / or quality of sleep in an individual, especially safely, non-drug and / or non-invasively. It is desirable that fragrance compositions can be used in consumer products to improve the sleep benefits of a subject. The present disclosure addresses these and other needs, as disclosed in further detail below. Summary of the invention

[0008] The present invention is based in particular on the discovery that a combination of musk compounds, particularly heteroatom and / or non-cyclic musk compounds, can be formulated into a fragrance composition (possibly containing MCM and linear musk compounds, and / or additional heteroatom musk compounds) that provides sleep improvement, preferably at least one sleep benefit, in a subject. It has also been found that compounds with certain backbone structures can be used to improve sleep. For example, compounds containing such backbones can improve one or more sleep benefits. Such compounds can be formulated into fragrance compositions that provide sleep improvement. In addition, the fragrance compositions disclosed herein show improved sleep benefits in a novel olfactory direction (i.e., avoiding traditional lavender) without observable adverse effects and / or high consumer acceptance for use alone or as part of an overall sleep solution, such as when applied as a pillowcase spray in a nighttime routine.

[0009] In one aspect, a fragrance composition is provided, comprising one or more compounds having a backbone structure of formula (I):

[0010]

[0011] wherein each open position of the backbone structure is independently optionally substituted; is a single bond or a double bond; and the six-membered ring of formula (I) has 0-3 double bonds; and wherein the one or more compounds having a main chain structure of formula (I) are present in a total concentration greater than 0.05 wt % of the total weight of the composition.

[0012] In one aspect, a fragrance composition for sleep improvement is provided, comprising one or more heteroatom musk compounds, wherein the one or more heteroatom musk compounds are present in a total concentration of greater than 0.05 wt % of the total weight of the composition.

[0013] In one aspect, a fragrance composition for improving sleep is provided, which comprises at least 4 fragrance ingredients, and the fragrance ingredients include: (i) at least 3 heteroatom musk compounds; and (ii) at least 1 acyclic musk compound, 7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-5H-cyclopenta[h]quinazoline, or 2,2,6,6,7,8,8-heptamethyl-3a,5,6,7,8,8b-hexahydro-4H-indeno[4,5-d][1,3]dioxole. In one aspect, a fragrance composition for improving sleep is provided, which comprises at least 4 fragrance ingredients, and the fragrance ingredients include: (i) at least 3 heteroatom musk compounds; and (ii) at least 1 acyclic musk compound or 7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-5H-cyclopenta[h]quinazoline. The fragrance composition optionally comprises a solvent selected from dipropylene glycol (DPG), isopropyl myristate, ethanol, triethyl citrate, or a combination thereof.

[0014] On the other hand, the disclosure relates to a kind of consumer product, it comprises a perfume composition as described herein, wherein the consumer product is an air care product, a home care product, a personal care product, a hygiene product, a pet care product, a high-grade perfume, a hair care product or a beauty care product. In one aspect, the disclosure relates to a kind of consumer product, it comprises a perfume composition as described herein, wherein the consumer product is an air care product, a home care product, a fabric care product, a personal care product, a hygiene product, a pet care product, a high-grade perfume, a hair care product or a beauty care product. In a specific embodiment, the disclosure relates to a kind of air care product, wherein the perfume composition is released by biometric triggering, preferably by the biometric reading of the consumer. In certain embodiments, the air care product containing the perfume composition releases the perfume composition in response to the biometric reading (such as the biometric reading of the consumer). In this way, for example, the release of the perfume composition is triggered by biometric data.

[0015] In yet another aspect, the disclosure relates to a method for improving at least one sleep benefit of a subject, wherein the method comprises: providing a fragrance composition as described herein or a consumer product as described herein to the subject in an amount effective to improve the at least one sleep benefit. Preferably, the fragrance composition or consumer product is: (i) sprayed or applied to the subject; (ii) sprayed or applied to interior decoration or fabric, preferably bedding, clothing, blanket or pillowcase; and / or (iii) dispersed or diffused into the air.

[0016] Therefore, an advantage of the present disclosure is to provide a new design guide for formulating a fragrance composition intended for sleep improvement. In particular, the design guide identifies selected musk compounds that are intended to be formulated into fragrance compositions to provide one or more sleep benefits to subjects in need by administering the fragrance compositions disclosed herein to subjects in an amount effective to provide one or more sleep benefits. In an embodiment, the design guide identifies a compound having a backbone structure as described herein that is intended to be formulated into a fragrance composition to provide one or more sleep benefits to subjects in need by administering the fragrance compositions disclosed herein to subjects in an amount effective to provide one or more sleep benefits. Yet another advantage is the ability to produce new fragrance properties for imparting sleep improvements.

[0017] Unless otherwise indicated, all parts, percentages and ratios referred to herein and in the claims are by weight.

[0018] The values ​​and dimensions disclosed herein should not be understood as being strictly limited to the exact numerical values ​​recited. Instead, unless otherwise specified, each such value is intended to mean the recited value and a functionally equivalent range around that value. For example, a value disclosed as "50%" is intended to mean "about 50%", or alternatively, for example, about ±2%, ±5%, ±10%, or ±15% of that value.

[0019] The details of one or more aspects of the present disclosure are listed in the following description. Each of the aspects and embodiments described herein can be used together unless explicitly or clearly excluded from the context of an embodiment or aspect. Other features, purposes and advantages of the present disclosure will be apparent to those skilled in the art based on the specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] While the specification concludes with claims particularly pointing out and distinctly claiming the invention, it is believed that the invention will be better understood from the following description of the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0021] Figure 1 A timeline showing the overview design of the sleep monitoring study described in Example 2.

[0022] Figure 2 A bedtime questionnaire was provided that participants in the study described in Example 2 completed just before bedtime.

[0023] Figure 3 A morning questionnaire completed by participants in the study described in Example 2 while fully awake is provided.

[0024] Figure 4A and 4BA product usage questionnaire was provided which was completed by participants in the study described in Example 2 based on their experience with the product used in the previous nights.

[0025] Figure 5 A timeline showing the overview design of the sleep monitoring study described in Example 4. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] definition

[0027] As used herein, articles such as "a" and "an" when used in a claim should be understood to mean one or more than one of what is claimed or described.

[0028] As used herein, the terms "comprising, comprises, and "comprised of" are synonymous with "including, includes, "containing, contains, and grammatical variations thereof, are inclusive or open-ended, and do not exclude additional, unrecited members, elements, or method steps. The terms "comprising, comprises, and "comprised of," "including, includes, or "containing, contains," and grammatical variations thereof, also encompass the term "consisting of."

[0029] As used herein, the term "acyclic musk compound" (ACM) refers to a class of synthetic musk compounds consisting of a single ring consisting of 6 or fewer carbons. A non-limiting example of an acyclic musk compound is Helvimor (i.e., ).

[0030] As used herein, the term "administering" refers to the introduction or delivery of a fragrance composition or fragrance compound to a subject to perform its intended function (e.g., to help sleep). Administration can be performed by inhalation, smelling, and / or inbreathing. Administration or administration includes self-administration and administration by others. In some embodiments, administration can be performed by a device, e.g., a smart device.

[0031] As used herein, the term "bedtime" refers to the time at which a subject typically goes to bed.

[0032] As used herein, the term "biometrically measured or perceived" refers to statistically validated and rigorously conducted contextual sleep studies designed and approved by sleep experts to measure sleep benefits based on biometric or self-report assessments.

[0033] As used herein, the term "deep sleep" refers to stage N3 and / or stage N4 sleep, i.e., the body is less responsive to external stimuli, breathing slows, muscles relax, and heart rate becomes more regular. Deep sleep is reported both as the absolute duration spent in deep sleep (in minutes) and as a percentage of total sleep duration spent in deep sleep (on a scale of 0-100).

[0034] As used herein, the term "fragrance composition" refers to a mixture comprising one or more fragrance compounds for improving sleep benefits. In some embodiments, the fragrance composition consists solely of fragrance compounds for improving sleep benefits. In other embodiments, the fragrance composition comprises a fragrance compound for improving sleep benefits and one or more other fragrance compounds, preferably to impart an olfactory note.

[0035] As used herein, the terms "fragrance material(s), "fragrance ingredient(s)" and "fragrance compound(s)" are used interchangeably and refer to a fragrance raw material ("PRM"), or a mixture of fragrance raw materials ("PRMs"), used to impart an overall pleasant odor or fragrance characteristic to a composition. "Fragrance material" may encompass any suitable fragrance raw material for perfume applications, including, for example, materials such as alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, esters, ethers, acetates, nitriles, terpene hydrocarbons, nitrogen- or sulfur-containing heterocyclic compounds and essential oils. However, naturally occurring plant and animal oils and secretions containing complex mixtures of various chemical components are also known to be used as "fragrance materials". Individual fragrance raw materials comprising known natural oils can be found by reference to magazines commonly used by those skilled in the art, such as "Perfume and Flavourist" or "Journal of Essential Oil Research", or are listed in reference textbooks such as S. Arctander, Perfume and Flavor Chemicals, 1969, Montclair, New Jersey, USA, and recently republished by Allengthoising Corporation Illinois (1994). In addition, some fragrance raw materials are provided by fragrance companies (Firmenich, International Flavors & Fragrances, Givaudan, Symrise) in the form of mixtures in proprietary specialty accords. Non-limiting examples of fragrance materials that can be used herein include pro-flagrances, such as acetal pro-flagrances, ketal pro-flagrances, ester pro-flagrances, hydrolyzable inorganic-organic pro-flagrances, and mixtures thereof. Fragrance materials can be released from pro-flagrances in a variety of ways. For example, fragrances can be released due to simple hydrolysis, or by displacement of equilibrium reactions, or by pH changes, or by enzymatic release.

[0036] As used herein, the term "increase" with respect to sleep benefit means a positive change of at least about 0.05%, including but not limited to a positive change of about 0.05%, about 0.5%, about 1%, about 2%, about 5%, about 10%, about 25%, about 30%, about 50%, about 75%, or about 100%.

[0037] As used herein, the term "light sleep" refers to stage N1 and / or stage N2 sleep, when people become less aware of their surroundings, body temperature drops, and breathing and heart rate become more regular. Light sleep is reported both as the absolute duration spent in light sleep (in minutes) and as the percentage of total sleep duration spent in light sleep (on a scale of 0-100).

[0038] As used herein, the term "macrocyclic musk compound" (MCM) refers to a class of synthetic musk compounds consisting of a single ring consisting of more than 6 carbons (usually 10-15 carbons). Non-limiting examples of macrocyclic musk compounds include: Ambrettolide, Cyclopentadecalactone, Ethylene glycol brazilate, L-Musk ketone, Muskenone, Musk C14, Musk Supra and

[0039] As used herein, the term "heteroatom musk compound" (HMC) refers to a class of synthetic musk compounds consisting of two or more rings containing carbon and / or heteroatoms (e.g., N, O). Non-limiting examples of heteroatom musk compounds include: Ambertonic TM , and Nebulone.

[0040] As used herein, the term "reduce" with respect to sleep benefit means a decrease and equivalent terms refer to a decrease of at least about 0.05%, including but not limited to a decrease of about 0.05%, about 0.5%, about 1%, about 2%, about 5%, about 10%, about 25%, about 30%, about 50%, about 75%, or about 100%.

[0041] As used herein, the term "REM sleep" refers to rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, i.e., the stage of sleep when most dreaming occurs. During REM sleep, muscles (except the eye and respiratory muscles) are actively paralyzed, heart rate increases, and breathing becomes more irregular. REM sleep is reported both as the absolute duration spent in REM sleep (in minutes) and as a percentage of the total sleep duration spent in REM sleep (on a scale of 0-100).

[0042] As used herein, the term "sleep benefit" refers to one or more of the following: (1) improvement in biometrically measured or perceived sleep quality; (2) increase in total sleep time; (3) reduction in wakefulness after sleep onset (WASO); (4) reduction in the proportion of wakefulness after sleep onset (% wakefulness); (5) increase in deep sleep (N3 / N4) duration; (6) increase in the proportion of time spent in deep sleep (N3 / N4); (7) increase in REM sleep duration; (8) increase in the proportion of time spent in REM sleep; (9) increased duration of light sleep (N1 / N2); (10) increased proportion of time spent in light sleep (N1 / N2); (11) increased sleep efficiency; (12) increased sleep maintenance; (13) reduced number of awakenings during sleep; (14) reduced falling asleep; (15) increased feeling of being well rested; (16) increased feeling of being refreshed upon and / or after waking up; (17) increased feeling of being refreshed; and (18) reduced feeling of daytime sleepiness. Preferably, the sleep benefit biometric is measured or sensed.

[0043] As used herein, the term "sleep efficiency" refers to the percentage of time spent asleep in bed during the night. Sleep efficiency is calculated according to the formula and reported on a scale of 0-100:

[0044]

[0045] As used herein, the term "sleep maintenance" refers to the amount or percentage of time spent asleep in bed during the night, after excluding the time spent falling asleep from the time in bed. Sleep maintenance is reported on a scale of 0-100.

[0046] As used herein, the term "sleep onset latency" refers to the time it takes to fall asleep. It may also be simply referred to as falling asleep.

[0047] As used herein, the term "sleep quality" refers to the responses of participants in a sleep study. Participants provided daily self-reports of sleep quality via a questionnaire on a Likert scale of 1-10.

[0048] As used herein, the term "subject" refers to a user of a fragrance composition (or fragrance compound) and / or the intended recipient of a fragrance composition (or fragrance compound) when applied by another person. The term "subject" refers to a human or non-human subject. Non-limiting examples of non-human subjects include non-human primates, dogs, cats, mice, rats, guinea pigs, rabbits, pigs, poultry, horses, cattle, goats, sheep, cetaceans, etc.

[0049] As used herein, the term "substantially free" with respect to a material means that the indicated material is present in an amount of 0 wt% to about 1 wt%, preferably 0 wt% to about 0.5 wt%, or more preferably 0 wt% to 0.2 wt%. The term "substantially free" means that the indicated material is present in an amount of 0 wt% to about 0.1 wt%, preferably 0 wt% to about 0.01 wt%, or more preferably it is not present at an analytically detectable level.

[0050] As used herein, the term "awakening after sleep onset" (WASO) refers to the total duration spent awake after initially falling asleep during the night. WASO may also refer to the portion of time spent awake after initially falling asleep during the night (% awakening), which will then be reported as a percentage on a scale of 0-100.

[0051] As used herein, the terms "g", "mg" and "μg" refer to "gram", "milligram" and "microgram", respectively. The terms "L" and "mL" refer to "liter" and "milliliter", respectively.

[0052] As used herein, the terms "include," "includes," and "including" are intended to be non-limiting.

[0053] Unless otherwise indicated, all percentages are weight / weight percentages. Except for the operating and comparative examples, or where otherwise explicitly indicated, all numbers indicating the amount of material or the conditions of reaction, the physical properties of the material and / or the use in this specification should be understood to be modified by the word "about". Numerical ranges expressed in the format "from x to y" should be understood to include x and y. When multiple preferred ranges are described in the form of "from x to y" for a particular feature, it should be understood that all ranges combining different endpoints are also contemplated.

[0054] All features disclosed in this specification may be combined in any combination. Each feature disclosed in this specification may be replaced by an alternative feature serving the same, equivalent, or similar purpose. Therefore, unless otherwise expressly stated, each feature disclosed is merely an example of a series of general equivalent or similar features.

[0055] It is to be understood that the test methods disclosed in the Test Methods section of this application must be used to determine the corresponding values ​​of the parameters of the present invention as described and claimed herein.

[0056] Fragrance composition

[0057] Through the use of neuroscience, consumer perception and IFF's proprietary artificial intelligence tools, working with sleep experts to enhance contextual and biometric capabilities, the applicant unexpectedly discovered musk fragrance compositions that can improve sleep quantity and / or quality, and actively improve the lives of consumers suffering from sleep problems around the world. In particular, the applicant has unexpectedly found that a set of design guidelines for fragrance compositions containing certain types of heteroatoms and / or non-cyclic musk fragrance ingredients can be used to improve at least one or more sleep benefits. The applicant further unexpectedly identified compounds with certain main chain structures that can be used to improve sleep, for example, to improve one or more sleep benefits. Therefore, in some embodiments, the fragrance composition includes a compound with a main chain structure that can be used to improve one or more sleep benefits. Due to the pleasant odor characteristics of the fragrance composition, the fragrance composition can be easily incorporated into consumer products for various applications.

[0058] In one aspect, a fragrance composition is provided, comprising one or more compounds having a backbone structure of formula (I):

[0059]

[0060] wherein each open position of the backbone structure is independently optionally substituted; Is a single bond or a double bond; and the six-membered ring of formula (I) contains 0-3 double bonds; and wherein the one or more compounds with the main chain structure of formula (I) are present in a total concentration of greater than 0.05wt% of the total weight of the composition. In some embodiments, each open position of the six-membered ring of the main chain structure of formula (I) is independently optionally substituted. In some embodiments, substitution is only present on the six-membered ring. In some embodiments, all or a subset of the open positions of the six-membered ring of the main chain structure of formula (I) are substituted. In some embodiments, all or a subset of the open positions of the six-membered ring of the main chain structure of formula (I) are unsubstituted. In some embodiments, the one or more compounds with the main chain structure of formula (I) are present in a total concentration of at least 0.1wt% of the total weight of the composition.

[0061] In some embodiments, the main chain structure of formula (I) is the structure of formula (II): (pentamethylindane (PMI)). In some embodiments, each open position of the main chain structure of formula (II) is independently optionally substituted. In some embodiments, all or a subset of the open positions of formula (II) are substituted. In some embodiments, all or a subset of the open positions of formula (II) are unsubstituted. In some embodiments, each open position of the six-membered ring of the main chain structure of formula (II) is independently optionally substituted. In some embodiments, substitution is only present on the six-membered ring. In some embodiments, all or a subset of the open positions of the six-membered ring of the main chain structure of formula (II) are substituted. In some embodiments, all or a subset of the open positions of the six-membered ring of the main chain structure of formula (II) are unsubstituted.

[0062] In some embodiments, the backbone structure of formula (I) is a structure of formula (III): (dihydropentamethylindane (DHPMI)). In some embodiments, each open position of the main chain structure of formula (III) is independently optionally substituted. In some embodiments, all or a subset of the open positions of formula (III) are substituted. In some embodiments, all or a subset of the open positions of formula (III) are unsubstituted. In some embodiments, each open position of the six-membered ring of the main chain structure of formula (III) is independently optionally substituted. In some embodiments, substitution is only present on the six-membered ring. In some embodiments, all or a subset of the open positions of the six-membered ring of the main chain structure of formula (III) are substituted. In some embodiments, all or a subset of the open positions of the six-membered ring of the main chain structure of formula (III) are unsubstituted.

[0063] In some embodiments, the backbone structure of formula (I) is a structure of formula (IV): (tetrahydropentamethylindane (THPMI)). In some embodiments, each open position of the main chain structure of formula (IV) is independently optionally substituted. In some embodiments, all or a subset of the open positions of formula (IV) are substituted. In some embodiments, all or a subset of the open positions of formula (IV) are unsubstituted. In some embodiments, each open position of the six-membered ring of the main chain structure of formula (IV) is independently optionally substituted. In some embodiments, substitution is only present on the six-membered ring. In some embodiments, all or a subset of the open positions of the six-membered ring of the main chain structure of formula (IV) are substituted. In some embodiments, all or a subset of the open positions of the six-membered ring of the main chain structure of formula (IV) are unsubstituted.

[0064] In some embodiments, the backbone structure of formula (I) is a structure of formula (V): (hexahydropentamethylindane (HHPMI)). In some embodiments, each open position of the main chain structure of formula (V) is independently optionally substituted. In some embodiments, all or a subset of the open positions of formula (V) are substituted. In some embodiments, all or a subset of the open positions of formula (V) are unsubstituted. In some embodiments, each open position of the six-membered ring of the main chain structure of formula (V) is independently optionally substituted. In some embodiments, substitution is only present on the six-membered ring. In some embodiments, all or a subset of the open positions of the six-membered ring of the main chain structure of formula (V) are substituted. In some embodiments, all or a subset of the open positions of the six-membered ring of the main chain structure of formula (V) are unsubstituted.

[0065] In some embodiments, when more than one compound having a backbone structure of formula (I) is present in the perfume composition, each of the one or more compounds having a backbone structure of formula (I) in the perfume composition has the same backbone structure of formula (I). For example, in some cases, each compound having a backbone structure of formula (I) in the perfume composition has a backbone structure of one of formula (II), (III), (IV), or (V). In some embodiments, when more than one compound having a backbone structure of formula (I) is present in the perfume composition, the compounds have different backbone structures. For example, in some cases, each of the two or more compounds has a different backbone structure of formula (I), for example, two or more of formula (II), (III), (IV), or (V). Any mixture of compounds having the same or different backbone structures of formula (I) is contemplated herein.

[0066] In some embodiments, at least one of the one or more compounds with the main chain structure of formula (I) is a heteroatom musk compound. For example, in some embodiments, the compound with the main chain structure of formula (I) is substituted at an open position, and the substituent is or includes a heteroatom. In some embodiments, the compound with the main chain structure of formula (I) is substituted at an open position on a six-membered ring, and the substituent is or includes a heteroatom. In some embodiments, the heteroatom is oxygen or nitrogen. In some embodiments, the heteroatom is oxygen. In some embodiments, the heteroatom is nitrogen.

[0067] In some embodiments, the fragrance composition comprises at least 2, 3, 4, or 5 compounds having a backbone structure of formula (I). In some embodiments, the fragrance composition comprises at least 3 compounds having a backbone structure of formula (I). In some embodiments, the fragrance composition comprises at least 4 compounds having a backbone structure of formula (I).

[0068] In some embodiments, the one or more compounds having a main chain structure of formula (I) are one or more of the following: 7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-6,6a,7,8,9,9a-hexahydro-5H-cyclopentadien[h]quinazoline; 4,4a,5,6,7,8,9,9b-octahydro-7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-indeno[4,5-d]-1,3-dioxin; 1,1,2,3,3-pentamethyl-2,5,6,7-tetrahydroindene-4-one; 7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-5H -cyclopenta[h]quinazoline; 2,2,6,6,7,8,8-heptamethyl-3a,5,6,7,8,8b-hexahydro-4H-indeno[4,5-d][1,3]dioxole; 4,6,6,7,8,8-hexamethyl-1,3,4,6,7,8-hexahydrocyclopenta[g]isochromene; 2,2,6,6,7,8,8-heptamethyldecahydro-2H-indeno[4,5-b]furan; 2,6,6,7,8,8-hexamethyldecahydro-2H-indeno[4,5-b]furan; or a stereoisomer of any of the foregoing. In some embodiments, the one or more compounds having a main chain structure of formula (I) are one or more of the following: 7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-6,6a,7,8,9,9a-hexahydro-5H-cyclopentadien[h]quinazoline; 4,4a,5,6,7,8,9,9b-octahydro-7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-indeno[4,5-d]-1,3-dioxin; 1,1,2,3,3-pentamethyl-2,5,6,7-tetrahydroindene-4-one; 7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-2,5,6,7-tetrahydroindene-4-one; Pentamethyl-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-5H-cyclopenta[h]quinazoline; 2,2,6,6,7,8,8-heptamethyl-3a,5,6,7,8,8b-hexahydro-4H-indeno[4,5-d][1,3]dioxole; 4,6,6,7,8,8-hexamethyl-1,3,4,6,7,8-hexahydrocyclopenta[g]isochromene; 2,2,6,6,7,8,8-heptamethyldecahydro-2H-indeno[4,5-b]furan; or any stereoisomer of the foregoing.In some embodiments, the one or more compounds having a main chain structure of formula (I) are one or more of the following: 7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-6,6a,7,8,9,9a-hexahydro-5H-cyclopentadien[h]quinazoline; 4,4a,5,6,7,8,9,9b-octahydro-7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-indeno[4,5-d]-1,3-dioxin; 1,1,2,3,3-pentamethyl-2,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1,4-dioxin; inden-4-one; 7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-5H-cyclopenta[h]quinazoline; 2,2,6,6,7,8,8-heptamethyl-3a,5,6,7,8,8b-hexahydro-4H-indeno[4,5-d][1,3]dioxole; 4,6,6,7,8,8-hexamethyl-1,3,4,6,7,8-hexahydrocyclopenta[g]isochromene; or any stereoisomer of the foregoing. In some embodiments, the one or more compounds having a main chain structure of formula (I) are one or more of the following: 7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-6,6a,7,8,9,9a-hexahydro-5H-cyclopenta[h]quinazoline; 4,4a,5,6,7,8,9,9b-octahydro-7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-indeno[4,5-d]-1,3-dioxin; 1, 1,2,3,3-pentamethyl-2,5,6,7-tetrahydroinden-4-one; 7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-5H-cyclopenta[h]quinazoline; 2,2,6,6,7,8,8-heptamethyl-3a,5,6,7,8,8b-hexahydro-4H-indeno[4,5-d][1,3]dioxole; or any stereoisomer of the foregoing. In some embodiments, the one or more compounds having a main chain structure of formula (I) are one or more of the following: 7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-6,6a,7,8,9,9a-hexahydro-5H-cyclopenta[h]quinazoline; 4,4a,5,6,7,8,9,9b-octahydro-7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-indeno[4,5-d]-1,3-dioxin; 1,1,2,3,3-pentamethyl-2,5,6,7-tetrahydroindene-4-one; 7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-5H-cyclopenta[h]quinazoline; or a stereoisomer of any of the foregoing.In some embodiments, the one or more compounds having a main chain structure of formula (I) are one or more of the following: 7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-6,6a,7,8,9,9a-hexahydro-5H-cyclopenta[h]quinazoline; 4,4a,5,6,7,8,9,9b-octahydro-7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-indeno[4,5-d]-1,3-dioxin; 1,1,2,3,3-pentamethyl-2,5,6,7-tetrahydroindene-4-one; or a stereoisomer of any of the foregoing. In some embodiments, the one or more compounds having a main chain structure of formula (I) are one or more of the following: 7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-6,6a,7,8,9,9a-hexahydro-5H-cyclopenta[h]quinazoline; 4,4a,5,6,7,8,9,9b-octahydro-7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-indeno[4,5-d]-1,3-dioxin; or a stereoisomer of any of the foregoing. In some embodiments, the one or more compounds having a main chain structure of formula (I) include 7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-6,6a,7,8,9,9a-hexahydro-5H-cyclopenta[h]quinazoline (Ambertonic. TM ) and / or its stereoisomers. In some embodiments, the one or more compounds having the main chain structure of formula (I) include 4,4a,5,6,7,8,9,9b-octahydro-7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-indeno[4,5-d]-1,3-dioxin In some embodiments, the one or more compounds having a main chain structure of formula (I) include 1,1,2,3,3-pentamethyl-2,5,6,7-tetrahydroindene-4-one In some embodiments, the one or more compounds having a main chain structure of formula (I) include 7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-5H-cyclopenta[h]quinazoline (Sinfonide TM ) and / or its stereoisomers. In some embodiments, the one or more compounds having the main chain structure of formula (I) include 2,2,6,6,7,8,8-heptamethyl-3a,5,6,7,8,8b-hexahydro-4H-indeno[4,5-d][1,3]dioxole (Operanide TM ) and / or its stereoisomers. In certain embodiments, the one or more compounds with the main chain structure of formula (I) include 4,6,6,7,8,8-hexamethyl-1,3,4,6,7,8-hexahydrocyclopenta[g]isochromene In some embodiments, the one or more compounds having a main chain structure of formula (I) include 2,2,6,6,7,8,8-heptamethyldecahydro-2H-indeno[4,5-b]furan (Amber Xtreme TM ) and / or its stereoisomers. In some embodiments, the one or more compounds having the main chain structure of formula (I) include 2,6,6,7,8,8-hexamethyldecahydro-2H-indeno[4,5-b]furan (TrisAmber TM ) and / or its stereoisomers.

[0069] In some embodiments, the perfume composition comprises one or more compounds having a main chain structure of formula (I) at a total concentration of at least about 0.15 wt%, 0.2 wt%, 0.3 wt%, 0.4 wt%, 0.5 wt%, 1 wt%, 2 wt%, 3 wt%, 4 wt%, 5 wt%, 10 wt%, 20 wt%, 30 wt%, 40 wt%, 50 wt%, 60 wt%, 70 wt%, 80 wt%, 90 wt% or more or 100 wt% of the total weight of the composition. In some embodiments, the perfume composition comprises one or more compounds having a main chain structure of formula (I) at a total concentration of at least about 0.15 wt% or more of the total weight of the composition. In some embodiments, the perfume composition comprises one or more compounds having a main chain structure of formula (I) at a total concentration of at least about 0.2 wt% or more of the total weight of the composition. In some embodiments, the perfume composition comprises one or more compounds having a main chain structure of formula (I) at a total concentration of at least about 0.3 wt% or more of the total weight of the composition. In some embodiments, the perfume composition comprises one or more compounds having a main chain structure of formula (I) at a total concentration of at least about 0.4 wt% or more of the total weight of the composition. In some embodiments, the perfume composition comprises one or more compounds having a main chain structure of formula (I) at a total concentration of at least about 0.5 wt% or more of the total weight of the composition. In some embodiments, the perfume composition comprises one or more compounds having a main chain structure of formula (I) at a total concentration of at least about 1 wt% or more of the total weight of the composition. In some embodiments, the perfume composition comprises one or more compounds having a main chain structure of formula (I) at a total concentration of at least about 10 wt% or more of the total weight of the composition. In some embodiments, the perfume composition comprises one or more compounds having a main chain structure of formula (I) at a total concentration of at least about 40 wt% or more of the total weight of the composition. In some embodiments, the perfume composition comprises one or more compounds having a main chain structure of formula (I) at a total concentration of at least about 50 wt% or more of the total weight of the composition. In some embodiments, the perfume composition comprises one or more compounds having a main chain structure of formula (I) at a total concentration of at least about 75 wt% or more of the total weight of the composition. In some embodiments, the fragrance composition comprises one or more compounds having a backbone structure of formula (I) at a total concentration of at least about 90 wt % or more based on the total weight of the composition.

[0070] In some embodiments, the perfume composition comprises one or more compounds having a main chain structure of formula (I), and its total concentration is in the range of about 0.1wt% to about 100wt% of the total weight of the composition. In some embodiments, the perfume composition comprises one or more compounds having a main chain structure of formula (I), and its total concentration is in the range of about 0.5wt% to about 100wt% of the total weight of the composition. In some embodiments, the perfume composition comprises one or more compounds having a main chain structure of formula (I), and its total concentration is in the range of about 1wt% to about 100wt% of the total weight of the composition. In some embodiments, the perfume composition comprises one or more compounds having a main chain structure of formula (I), and its total concentration is in the range of about 5wt% to about 100wt% of the total weight of the composition. In some embodiments, the perfume composition comprises one or more compounds having a main chain structure of formula (I), and its total concentration is in the range of about 10wt% to about 100wt% of the total weight of the composition. In some embodiments, the perfume composition comprises one or more compounds having a main chain structure of formula (I), and its total concentration is in the range of about 25wt% to about 100wt% of the total weight of the composition. In some embodiments, the perfume composition comprises one or more compounds having a main chain structure of formula (I), and its total concentration is in the range of about 50wt% to about 100wt% of the total weight of the composition. In some embodiments, the perfume composition comprises one or more compounds having a main chain structure of formula (I), and its total concentration is in the range of about 75wt% to about 100wt% of the total weight of the composition. In some embodiments, the perfume composition comprises one or more compounds having a main chain structure of formula (I), and its total concentration is in the range of about 90wt% to about 100wt% of the total weight of the composition. In some embodiments, the perfume composition comprises one or more compounds having a main chain structure of formula (I), and its total concentration is in the range of about 95wt% to about 100wt% of the total weight of the composition.

[0071] In some embodiments, the perfume composition comprises one or more compounds having a main chain structure of formula (I), and its total concentration is in the range of about 0.1wt% to about 95wt% of the total weight of the composition. In some embodiments, the perfume composition comprises one or more compounds having a main chain structure of formula (I), and its total concentration is in the range of about 0.1wt% to about 90wt% of the total weight of the composition. In some embodiments, the perfume composition comprises one or more compounds having a main chain structure of formula (I), and its total concentration is in the range of about 0.1wt% to about 75wt% of the total weight of the composition. In some embodiments, the perfume composition comprises one or more compounds having a main chain structure of formula (I), and its total concentration is in the range of about 0.1wt% to about 50wt% of the total weight of the composition. In some embodiments, the perfume composition comprises one or more compounds having a main chain structure of formula (I), and its total concentration is in the range of about 0.1wt% to about 25wt% of the total weight of the composition. In some embodiments, the perfume composition comprises one or more compounds having a main chain structure of formula (I), and its total concentration is in the range of about 0.1wt% to about 10wt% of the total weight of the composition. In some embodiments, the perfume composition comprises one or more compounds having a main chain structure of formula (I) at a total concentration in the range of about 0.1 wt% to about 5 wt% of the total weight of the composition. In some embodiments, the perfume composition comprises one or more compounds having a main chain structure of formula (I) at a total concentration in the range of about 0.1 wt% to about 1 wt% of the total weight of the composition. In some embodiments, the perfume composition comprises one or more compounds having a main chain structure of formula (I) at a total concentration in the range of about 0.1 wt% to about 0.5 wt% of the total weight of the composition.

[0072] In one aspect, a fragrance composition for sleep improvement is provided, comprising one or more heteroatom musk compounds, wherein the one or more heteroatom musk compounds are present in a total concentration of greater than 0.05wt% of the total weight of the composition. In some embodiments, the one or more heteroatom musk compounds are present in a total concentration of at least 0.1wt% of the total weight of the composition. In some embodiments, the heteroatom is oxygen. In some embodiments, the heteroatom is nitrogen. In some embodiments, the fragrance composition comprises at least 2, 3, 4, or 5 heteroatom musk compounds. In some embodiments, the fragrance composition comprises at least 3 heteroatom musk compounds. In some embodiments, the fragrance composition comprises at least 4 heteroatom musk compounds.

[0073] In some embodiments, at least one of the one or more heteroatom musk compounds comprises a backbone structure of formula (I) described above, wherein each open position of the backbone structure is independently optionally substituted; It is a single bond or a double bond; and the six-membered ring of formula (I) contains 0-3 double bonds. In some embodiments, the open positions of the six-membered ring of the main chain structure of formula (I) are independently optionally substituted. In some embodiments, all or a subset of the open positions of the six-membered ring of the main chain structure of formula (I) are substituted. In some embodiments, all or a subset of the open positions of the six-membered ring of the main chain structure of formula (I) are unsubstituted. In some embodiments, the main chain structure of formula (I) is, for example, any of formula (II) (PMI), formula (III) (DHPMI), formula (IV) (THPMI), or formula (V) (HHPMI) as described above. In some embodiments, at least 2, 3, 4, or 5 of the one or more heteroatom musk compounds have a main chain structure of formula (I). In some embodiments, at least 3 heteroatom musk compounds have a main chain structure of formula (I). In some embodiments, at least 4 heteroatom musk compounds have a main chain structure of formula (I).

[0074] In some embodiments, the one or more heteroatom musk compounds are one or more of the following: 7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-6,6a,7,8,9,9a-hexahydro-5H-cyclopentadien[h]quinazoline; 4,4a,5,6,7,8,9,9b-octahydro-7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-indeno[4,5-d]-1,3-dioxin; 1,1,2,3,3-pentamethyl-2,5,6,7-tetrahydroindene-4-one; 7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-5H-cyclopenta[h]quinazoline; dio[h]quinazoline; 2,2,6,6,7,8,8-heptamethyl-3a,5,6,7,8,8b-hexahydro-4H-indeno[4,5-d][1,3]dioxole; 4,6,6,7,8,8-hexamethyl-1,3,4,6,7,8-hexahydrocyclopenta[g]isochromene; 2,2,6,6,7,8,8-heptamethyldecahydro-2H-indeno[4,5-b]furan; 2,6,6,7,8,8-hexamethyldecahydro-2H-indeno[4,5-b]furan; or any stereoisomer of the foregoing. In some embodiments, the one or more heteroatom musk compounds are one or more of the following: 7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-6,6a,7,8,9,9a-hexahydro-5H-cyclopenta[h]quinazoline; 4,4a,5,6,7,8,9,9b-octahydro-7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-indeno[4,5-d]-1,3-dioxin; 1,1,2,3,3-pentamethyl-2,5,6,7-tetrahydroindane-4-one; 7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl- 6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-5H-cyclopenta[h]quinazoline; 2,2,6,6,7,8,8-heptamethyl-3a,5,6,7,8,8b-hexahydro-4H-indeno[4,5-d][1,3]dioxole; 4,6,6,7,8,8-hexamethyl-1,3,4,6,7,8-hexahydrocyclopenta[g]isochromene; 2,2,6,6,7,8,8-heptamethyldecahydro-2H-indeno[4,5-b]furan; or any stereoisomer of the foregoing.In some embodiments, the one or more heteroatom musk compounds are one or more of the following: 7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-6,6a,7,8,9,9a-hexahydro-5H-cyclopenta[h]quinazoline; 4,4a,5,6,7,8,9,9b-octahydro-7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-indeno[4,5-d]-1,3-dioxin; 1,1,2,3,3-pentamethyl-2,5,6,7-tetrahydroindene- 4-ketone; 7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-5H-cyclopenta[h]quinazoline; 2,2,6,6,7,8,8-heptamethyl-3a,5,6,7,8,8b-hexahydro-4H-indeno[4,5-d][1,3]dioxole; 4,6,6,7,8,8-hexamethyl-1,3,4,6,7,8-hexahydrocyclopenta[g]isochromene; or any stereoisomer of the foregoing. In some embodiments, the one or more heteroatom musk compounds are one or more of the following: 7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-6,6a,7,8,9,9a-hexahydro-5H-cyclopenta[h]quinazoline; 4,4a,5,6,7,8,9,9b-octahydro-7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-indeno[4,5-d]-1,3-dioxin; 1,1,2 , 3,3-pentamethyl-2,5,6,7-tetrahydroindene-4-one; 7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-5H-cyclopenta[h]quinazoline; 2,2,6,6,7,8,8-heptamethyl-3a,5,6,7,8,8b-hexahydro-4H-indeno[4,5-d][1,3]dioxole; or any stereoisomer of the foregoing. In some embodiments, the one or more heteroatom musk compounds are one or more of the following: 7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-6,6a,7,8,9,9a-hexahydro-5H-cyclopenta[h]quinazoline; 4,4a,5,6,7,8,9,9b-octahydro-7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-indeno[4,5-d]-1,3-dioxin; 1,1,2,3,3-pentamethyl-2,5,6,7-tetrahydroinden-4-one; 7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-5H-cyclopenta[h]quinazoline; or a stereoisomer of any of the foregoing. In some embodiments, the one or more heteroatom musk compounds are one or more of the following: 7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-6,6a,7,8,9,9a-hexahydro-5H-cyclopenta[h]quinazoline; 4,4a,5,6,7,8,9,9b-octahydro-7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-indeno[4,5-d]-1,3-dioxin; 1,1,2,3,3-pentamethyl-2,5,6,7-tetrahydroindane-4-one; or a stereoisomer of any of the foregoing.In some embodiments, the one or more heteroatom musk compounds are one or more of the following: 7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-6,6a,7,8,9,9a-hexahydro-5H-cyclopenta[h]quinazoline; 4,4a,5,6,7,8,9,9b-octahydro-7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-indeno[4,5-d]-1,3-dioxin; or stereoisomers of any of the foregoing. In some embodiments, the one or more heteroatom musk compounds include 7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-6,6a,7,8,9,9a-hexahydro-5H-cyclopenta[h]quinazoline and / or stereoisomers thereof. In some embodiments, the one or more heteroatom musk compounds include 4,4a,5,6,7,8,9,9b-octahydro-7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-indeno[4,5-d]-1,3-dioxin and / or its stereoisomers. In some embodiments, the one or more heteroatom musk compounds include 1,1,2,3,3-pentamethyl-2,5,6,7-tetrahydroinden-4-one and / or its stereoisomers. In some embodiments, the one or more heteroatom musk compounds include 7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-5H-cyclopenta[h]quinazoline and / or its stereoisomers. In some embodiments, the one or more heteroatom musk compounds include 2,2,6,6,7,8,8-heptamethyl-3a,5,6,7,8,8b-hexahydro-4H-indeno[4,5-d][1,3]dioxole and / or its stereoisomers. In some embodiments, the one or more heteroatom musk compounds include 4,6,6,7,8,8-hexamethyl-1,3,4,6,7,8-hexahydrocyclopentadiene and [g] isochromene and / or its stereoisomers. In some embodiments, the one or more heteroatom musk compounds include 2,2,6,6,7,8,8-heptamethyl decahydro-2H-indeno[4,5-b]furan and / or its stereoisomers. In some embodiments, the one or more heteroatom musk compounds include 2,6,6,7,8,8-hexamethyl decahydro-2H-indeno[4,5-b]furan and / or its stereoisomers.

[0075] In some embodiments, the perfume composition comprises one or more heteroatom musk compounds, and its total concentration is at least about 0.15wt%, 0.2wt%, 0.3wt%, 0.4wt%, 0.5wt%, 1wt%, 2wt%, 3wt%, 4wt%, 5wt%, 10wt%, 20wt%, 30wt%, 40wt%, 50wt%, 60wt%, 70wt%, 80wt%, 90wt%, or 100wt% or more of the total weight of the composition. In some embodiments, the perfume composition comprises one or more heteroatom musk compounds, and its total concentration is at least about 0.15wt% or more of the total weight of the composition. In some embodiments, the perfume composition comprises one or more heteroatom musk compounds, and its total concentration is at least about 0.2wt% or more of the total weight of the composition. In some embodiments, the perfume composition comprises one or more heteroatom musk compounds, and its total concentration is at least about 0.3wt% or more of the total weight of the composition. In some embodiments, the perfume composition comprises one or more heteroatom musk compounds, and its total concentration is at least about 0.4wt% or more of the total weight of the composition. In some embodiments, the fragrance composition comprises one or more compound heteroatom musk compounds, and its total concentration is at least about 0.5wt% or more of the total weight of the composition. In some embodiments, the fragrance composition comprises one or more heteroatom musk compounds, and its total concentration is at least about 1wt% or more of the total weight of the composition. In some embodiments, the fragrance composition comprises one or more heteroatom musk compounds, and its total concentration is at least about 10wt% or more of the total weight of the composition. In some embodiments, the fragrance composition comprises one or more heteroatom musk compounds, and its total concentration is at least about 40wt% or more of the total weight of the composition. In some embodiments, the fragrance composition comprises one or more heteroatom musk compounds, and its total concentration is at least about 50wt% or more of the total weight of the composition.

[0076] In some embodiments, the fragrance composition comprises one or more heteroatom musk compounds, and its total concentration is in the range of about 0.1wt% to about 100wt% of the total weight of the composition. In some embodiments, the fragrance composition comprises one or more heteroatom musk compounds, and its total concentration is in the range of about 0.5wt% to about 100wt% of the total weight of the composition. In some embodiments, the fragrance composition comprises one or more heteroatom musk compounds, and its total concentration is in the range of about 1wt% to about 100wt% of the total weight of the composition. In some embodiments, the fragrance composition comprises one or more heteroatom musk compounds, and its total concentration is in the range of about 5wt% to about 100wt% of the total weight of the composition. In some embodiments, the fragrance composition comprises one or more heteroatom musk compounds, and its total concentration is in the range of about 10wt% to about 100wt% of the total weight of the composition. In some embodiments, the fragrance composition comprises one or more heteroatom musk compounds, and its total concentration is in the range of about 25wt% to about 100wt% of the total weight of the composition. In some embodiments, the fragrance composition comprises one or more heteroatom musk compounds, and its total concentration is in the range of about 50wt% to about 100wt% of the total weight of the composition. In some embodiments, the perfume composition comprises one or more heteroatom musk compounds, and its total concentration is in the range of about 75wt% to about 100wt% of the total weight of the composition. In some embodiments, the perfume composition comprises one or more heteroatom musk compounds, and its total concentration is in the range of about 90wt% to about 100wt% of the total weight of the composition. In some embodiments, the perfume composition comprises one or more heteroatom musk compounds, and its total concentration is in the range of about 95wt% to about 100wt% of the total weight of the composition.

[0077] In some embodiments, the fragrance composition comprises one or more heteroatom musk compounds, and its total concentration is in the range of about 0.1wt% to about 95wt% of the total weight of the composition. In some embodiments, the fragrance composition comprises one or more heteroatom musk compounds, and its total concentration is in the range of about 0.1wt% to about 90wt% of the total weight of the composition. In some embodiments, the fragrance composition comprises one or more heteroatom musk compounds, and its total concentration is in the range of about 0.1wt% to about 75wt% of the total weight of the composition. In some embodiments, the fragrance composition comprises one or more heteroatom musk compounds, and its total concentration is in the range of about 0.1wt% to about 50wt% of the total weight of the composition. In some embodiments, the fragrance composition comprises one or more heteroatom musk compounds, and its total concentration is in the range of about 0.1wt% to about 25wt% of the total weight of the composition. In some embodiments, the fragrance composition comprises one or more heteroatom musk compounds, and its total concentration is in the range of about 0.1wt% to about 10wt% of the total weight of the composition. In some embodiments, the fragrance composition comprises one or more heteroatom musk compounds, and its total concentration is in the range of about 0.1wt% to about 5wt% of the total weight of the composition. In some embodiments, the perfume composition comprises one or more heteroatom musk compounds at a total concentration ranging from about 0.1 wt% to about 1 wt% of the total weight of the composition. In some embodiments, the perfume composition comprises one or more heteroatom musk compounds at a total concentration ranging from about 0.1 wt% to about 0.5 wt% of the total weight of the composition.

[0078] In some embodiments, the fragrance composition for sleep improvement described herein further comprises an acyclic musk compound. In some embodiments, the fragrance composition comprises at least one acyclic musk compound. In some embodiments, the acyclic musk compound is a linear musk compound. In some embodiments, the acyclic musk compound is present at a total concentration of at least or about 0.0025wt% of the total weight of the composition. In some embodiments, the acyclic musk compound is present at a total concentration of at least or about 0.01wt% of the total weight of the composition. In some embodiments, the acyclic musk compound is present at a total concentration of at least or about 0.1wt% of the total weight of the composition. In some embodiments, the acyclic musk compound is present at a total concentration of at least or about 0.5wt% of the total weight of the composition. In some embodiments, the acyclic musk compound is present at a total concentration of at least or about 1wt% of the total weight of the composition. In some embodiments, the acyclic musk compound is present at a total concentration of at least or about 5wt% of the total weight of the composition. In some embodiments, the acyclic musk compound is present at a total concentration of at least or about 10wt% of the total weight of the composition. In some embodiments, the acyclic musk compound is present at a total concentration of at least or about 20wt% of the total weight of the composition. In some embodiments, the acyclic musk compound is present in a total concentration of at least or about 30 wt % of the total weight of the composition. In some embodiments, the acyclic musk compound is present in a total concentration of at least or about 40 wt % of the total weight of the composition. In some embodiments, the acyclic musk compound is present in a total concentration of at least or about 50 wt % of the total weight of the composition.

[0079] In some embodiments, the acyclic musk is one or more of the following:

[0080]

[0081]

[0082] In some embodiments, the acyclic musk compound is a compound of formula (VI). In some embodiments, the acyclic musk compound is a compound of formula (VII). In some embodiments, the acyclic musk compound is a compound of formula (VIII). In some embodiments, the acyclic musk compound is a compound of formula (IX). In some embodiments, the acyclic musk compound is a compound of formula (X). In some embodiments, the acyclic musk compound is 2-[1-(3,3-dimethylcyclohexyl)ethoxy]-2-methyl-1-propanol 1-propionate (Helvimor TM In some embodiments, the non-cyclic musk compound is 1-(3,3-dimethylcyclohexyl)ethyl acetate (Rosamusk TMIn some embodiments, the acyclic musk compound is 2-(1-(3,3-dimethylcyclohexyl)ethoxy)-2-oxoethyl propionate In some embodiments, the acyclic musk compound is 2-(1-(3,3-dimethylcyclohexyl)ethoxy)-2-methylpropylcyclopropanecarboxylate In some embodiments, the acyclic musk compound is 2-((3,5-dimethylcyclohex-3-en-2-yl)oxy)-2-methylpropylcyclopropanecarboxylate

[0083] In some embodiments, the acyclic musk compound is present in a mass ratio with the one or more heteroatom musk compounds. In some embodiments, the acyclic musk compound is present in a certain mass ratio with the one or more compounds of the main chain structure comprising formula (I). In some embodiments, the mass ratio is between about 55:1 and 45:1. In some embodiments, the mass ratio is between about 54:1 and 46:1. In some embodiments, the mass ratio is between about 53:1 and 46:1. In some embodiments, the mass ratio is between about 52:1 and 47:1.

[0084] In some embodiments, the fragrance composition comprises 1,1,2,3,3-pentamethyl-2,5,6,7-tetrahydroindane-4-one at a concentration of at least or about 0.01 wt%, 0.02 wt%, 0.05 wt%, 0.1 wt%, 0.2 wt%, 0.3 wt%, 0.4 wt%, 0.5 wt%, 1 wt%, 2 wt%, 3 wt%, 4 wt%, 5 wt%, 10 wt%, 15 wt%, or 20 wt%. In some embodiments, the fragrance composition comprises 1,1,2,3,3-pentamethyl-2,5,6,7-tetrahydroindane-4-one at a concentration of at least or about 0.01 wt%. In some embodiments, the fragrance composition comprises 1,1,2,3,3-pentamethyl-2,5,6,7-tetrahydroindane-4-one at a concentration of at least or about 0.0125 wt%. In some embodiments, the fragrance composition comprises 1,1,2,3,3-pentamethyl-2,5,6,7-tetrahydroindene-4-one at a concentration of at least or about 0.015 wt%. In some embodiments, the fragrance composition comprises 1,1,2,3,3-pentamethyl-2,5,6,7-tetrahydroindene-4-one at a concentration of at least or about 0.02 wt%. In some embodiments, the fragrance composition comprises 1,1,2,3,3-pentamethyl-2,5,6,7-tetrahydroindene-4-one at a concentration of at least or about 0.25 wt%. In some embodiments, the fragrance composition comprises 1,1,2,3,3-pentamethyl-2,5,6,7-tetrahydroindene-4-one at a concentration of at least or about 0.05 wt%. In some embodiments, the fragrance composition comprises 1,1,2,3,3-pentamethyl-2,5,6,7-tetrahydroindene-4-one at a concentration of at least or about 1 wt%. In some embodiments, the fragrance composition comprises 1,1,2,3,3-pentamethyl-2,5,6,7-tetrahydroindene-4-one at a concentration of at least or about 5 wt%. In some embodiments, the fragrance composition comprises 1,1,2,3,3-pentamethyl-2,5,6,7-tetrahydroindene-4-one at a concentration of at least or about 10 wt%. In some embodiments, the fragrance composition comprises 1,1,2,3,3-pentamethyl-2,5,6,7-tetrahydroindene-4-one at a concentration of at least or about 15 wt%. In some embodiments, the fragrance composition comprises 1,1,2,3,3-pentamethyl-2,5,6,7-tetrahydroindene-4-one at a concentration of at least or about 20 wt%.

[0085] In some embodiments, the fragrance composition comprises 7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-6,6a,7,8,9,9a-hexahydro-5H-cyclopenta[h]quinazoline at a concentration of at least or about 0.01 wt%, 0.02 wt%, 0.05 wt%, 0.1 wt%, 0.2 wt%, 0.3 wt%, 0.4 wt%, 0.5 wt%, 1 wt%, 5 wt%, 10 wt%, 20 wt%, 30 wt%, 40 wt%, or 50 wt%. In some embodiments, the fragrance composition comprises 7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-6,6a,7,8,9,9a-hexahydro-5H-cyclopenta[h]quinazoline at a concentration of at least or about 0.05 wt%. In some embodiments, the fragrance composition comprises 7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-6,6a,7,8,9,9a-hexahydro-5H-cyclopenta[h]quinazoline at a concentration of at least or about 1 wt%. In some embodiments, the fragrance composition comprises 7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-6,6a,7,8,9,9a-hexahydro-5H-cyclopenta[h]quinazoline at a concentration of at least or about 5 wt%. In some embodiments, the fragrance composition comprises 7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-6,6a,7,8,9,9a-hexahydro-5H-cyclopenta[h]quinazoline at a concentration of at least or about 10 wt%. In some embodiments, the fragrance composition comprises 7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-6,6a,7,8,9,9a-hexahydro-5H-cyclopenta[h]quinazoline at a concentration of at least or about 20 wt%. In some embodiments, the fragrance composition comprises 7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-6,6a,7,8,9,9a-hexahydro-5H-cyclopenta[h]quinazoline at a concentration of at least or about 50 wt %.

[0086] In some embodiments, the fragrance composition comprises 4,4a,5,6,7,8,9,9b-octahydro-7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-indeno[4,5-d]-1,3-dioxin at a concentration of at least or about 0.01 wt%, 0.02 wt%, 0.05 wt%, 0.1 wt%, 0.2 wt%, 0.3 wt%, 0.4 wt%, 0.5 wt%, 1 wt%, 5 wt%, 10 wt%, 20 wt%, 30 wt%, 40 wt%, or 50 wt%. In some embodiments, the fragrance composition comprises 4,4a,5,6,7,8,9,9b-octahydro-7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-indeno[4,5-d]-1,3-dioxin at a concentration of at least or about 0.05 wt%. In some embodiments, the fragrance composition comprises 4,4a,5,6,7,8,9,9b-octahydro-7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-indeno[4,5-d]-1,3-dioxin at a concentration of at least or about 1 wt%. In some embodiments, the fragrance composition comprises 4,4a,5,6,7,8,9,9b-octahydro-7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-indeno[4,5-d]-1,3-dioxin at a concentration of at least or about 5 wt%. In some embodiments, the fragrance composition comprises 4,4a,5,6,7,8,9,9b-octahydro-7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-indeno[4,5-d]-1,3-dioxin at a concentration of at least or about 10 wt%. In some embodiments, the fragrance composition comprises 4,4a,5,6,7,8,9,9b-octahydro-7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-indeno[4,5-d]-1,3-dioxin at a concentration of at least or about 20 wt%. In some embodiments, the fragrance composition comprises 4,4a,5,6,7,8,9,9b-octahydro-7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-indeno[4,5-d]-1,3-dioxin at a concentration of at least or about 50 wt%.

[0087] In some embodiments, the fragrance composition includes (a) 1,1,2,3,3-pentamethyl-2,5,6,7-tetrahydroinden-4-one, (b) 7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-6,6a,7,8,9,9a-hexahydro-5H-cyclopenta[h]quinazoline, and (c) 4,4a,5,6,7,8,9,9b-octahydro-7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-indeno[4,5-d]-1,3-dioxin in a ratio (a:b:c) ranging from about 1:1.5:1.5 to 1:20:20. In some embodiments, the fragrance composition includes (a) 1,1,2,3,3-pentamethyl-2,5,6,7-tetrahydroinden-4-one, (b) 7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-6,6a,7,8,9,9a-hexahydro-5H-cyclopenta[h]quinazoline, and (c) 4,4a,5,6,7,8,9,9b-octahydro-7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-indeno[4,5-d]-1,3-dioxin in a ratio (a:b:c) ranging from about 1:2:2 to 1:10:10. In some embodiments, the fragrance composition includes (a) 1,1,2,3,3-pentamethyl-2,5,6,7-tetrahydroinden-4-one, (b) 7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-6,6a,7,8,9,9a-hexahydro-5H-cyclopenta[h]quinazoline, and (c) 4,4a,5,6,7,8,9,9b-octahydro-7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-indeno[4,5-d]-1,3-dioxin in a ratio (a:b:c) ranging from about 1:2:2 to 1:5:5. In some embodiments, the fragrance composition includes (a) 1,1,2,3,3-pentamethyl-2,5,6,7-tetrahydroinden-4-one, (b) 7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-6,6a,7,8,9,9a-hexahydro-5H-cyclopenta[h]quinazoline, and (c) 4,4a,5,6,7,8,9,9b-octahydro-7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-indeno[4,5-d]-1,3-dioxin in a ratio (a:b:c) of 1:1.5:1.5, 1:2:2, 1:4:4, 1:5:5, 1:10:10, or 1:20:20. In some embodiments, the fragrance composition includes (a) 1,1,2,3,3-pentamethyl-2,5,6,7-tetrahydroinden-4-one, (b) 7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-6,6a,7,8,9,9a-hexahydro-5H-cyclopenta[h]quinazoline, and (c) 4,4a,5,6,7,8,9,9b-octahydro-7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-indeno[4,5-d]-1,3-dioxin in a ratio (a:b:c) of 1:2:2 or 1:4:4.In some embodiments, the fragrance composition includes (a) 1,1,2,3,3-pentamethyl-2,5,6,7-tetrahydroinden-4-one, (b) 7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-6,6a,7,8,9,9a-hexahydro-5H-cyclopenta[h]quinazoline, and (c) 4,4a,5,6,7,8,9,9b-octahydro-7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-indeno[4,5-d]-1,3-dioxin in a ratio (a:b:c) of 1:4:4.

[0088] In some embodiments, the fragrance composition comprises 7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-5H-cyclopenta[h]quinazoline at a concentration of at least or about 0.001 wt%, 0.005 wt%, 0.01 wt%, 0.05 wt%, 0.1 wt%, 0.5 wt%, 1 wt%, 2 wt%, 3 wt%, 4 wt%, or 5 wt%. In some embodiments, the fragrance composition comprises 7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-5H-cyclopenta[h]quinazoline at a concentration of at least or about 0.001 wt%. In some embodiments, the fragrance composition comprises 7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-5H-cyclopenta[h]quinazoline at a concentration of at least or about 0.00125 wt%. In some embodiments, the fragrance composition comprises 7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-5H-cyclopenta[h]quinazoline at a concentration of at least or about 0.005 wt%. In some embodiments, the fragrance composition comprises 7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-5H-cyclopenta[h]quinazoline at a concentration of at least or about 0.01 wt%. In some embodiments, the fragrance composition comprises 7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-5H-cyclopenta[h]quinazoline at a concentration of at least or about 0.05 wt%. In some embodiments, the fragrance composition comprises 7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-5H-cyclopenta[h]quinazoline at a concentration of at least or about 0.1 wt%. In some embodiments, the fragrance composition comprises 7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-5H-cyclopenta[h]quinazoline at a concentration of at least or about 0.5 wt %. In some embodiments, the fragrance composition comprises 7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-5H-cyclopenta[h]quinazoline at a concentration of at least or about 1 wt %.

[0089] In some embodiments, the fragrance composition includes (a) 1,1,2,3,3-pentamethyl-2,5,6,7-tetrahydroinden-4-one, (b) 7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-6,6a,7,8,9,9a-hexahydro-5H-cyclopenta[h]quinazoline, (c) 4,4a,5,6,7,8,9,9b-octahydro-7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-indeno[4,5-d]-1,3-dioxin, and (d) 7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-5H-cyclopenta[h]quinazoline in a ratio (a:b:c:d) ranging from about 5:20:20:1 to 20:80:80:1. In some embodiments, the fragrance composition includes (a) 1,1,2,3,3-pentamethyl-2,5,6,7-tetrahydroinden-4-one, (b) 7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-6,6a,7,8,9,9a-hexahydro-5H-cyclopenta[h]quinazoline, (c) 4,4a,5,6,7,8,9,9b-octahydro-7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-indeno[4,5-d]-1,3-dioxin, and (d) 7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-5H-cyclopenta[h]quinazoline in a ratio (a:b:c:d) of or about 5:20:20:1 or 10:40:40:1. In some embodiments, the fragrance composition includes (a) 1,1,2,3,3-pentamethyl-2,5,6,7-tetrahydroinden-4-one, (b) 7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-6,6a,7,8,9,9a-hexahydro-5H-cyclopenta[h]quinazoline, (c) 4,4a,5,6,7,8,9,9b-octahydro-7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-indeno[4,5-d]-1,3-dioxin, and (d) 7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-5H-cyclopenta[h]quinazoline in a ratio (a:b:c:d) of or about 10:40:40:1.

[0090] In some embodiments, the fragrance composition comprises 2,2,6,6,7,8,8-heptamethyl-3a,5,6,7,8,8b-hexahydro-4H-indeno[4,5-d][1,3]dioxole at a concentration of at least or about 0.001 wt%, 0.005 wt%, 0.01 wt%, 0.05 wt%, 0.1 wt%, 0.5 wt%, 1 wt%, 2 wt%, 3 wt%, 4 wt%, or 5 wt%. In some embodiments, the fragrance composition comprises 2,2,6,6,7,8,8-heptamethyl-3a,5,6,7,8,8b-hexahydro-4H-indeno[4,5-d][1,3]dioxole at a concentration of at least or about 0.001 wt%. In some embodiments, the fragrance composition comprises 2,2,6,6,7,8,8-heptamethyl-3a,5,6,7,8,8b-hexahydro-4H-indeno[4,5-d][1,3]dioxole at a concentration of at least or about 0.00125 wt%. In some embodiments, the fragrance composition comprises 2,2,6,6,7,8,8-heptamethyl-3a,5,6,7,8,8b-hexahydro-4H-indeno[4,5-d][1,3]dioxole at a concentration of at least or about 0.005 wt%. In some embodiments, the fragrance composition comprises 2,2,6,6,7,8,8-heptamethyl-3a,5,6,7,8,8b-hexahydro-4H-indeno[4,5-d][1,3]dioxole at a concentration of at least or about 0.01 wt%. In some embodiments, the fragrance composition comprises 2,2,6,6,7,8,8-heptamethyl-3a,5,6,7,8,8b-hexahydro-4H-indeno[4,5-d][1,3]dioxole at a concentration of at least or about 0.05 wt%. In some embodiments, the fragrance composition comprises 2,2,6,6,7,8,8-heptamethyl-3a,5,6,7,8,8b-hexahydro-4H-indeno[4,5-d][1,3]dioxole at a concentration of at least or about 0.1 wt%. In some embodiments, the fragrance composition comprises 2,2,6,6,7,8,8-heptamethyl-3a,5,6,7,8,8b-hexahydro-4H-indeno[4,5-d][1,3]dioxole at a concentration of at least or about 0.5 wt%. In some embodiments, the fragrance composition comprises 2,2,6,6,7,8,8-heptamethyl-3a,5,6,7,8,8b-hexahydro-4H-indeno[4,5-d][1,3]dioxole at a concentration of at least or about 1 wt %.

[0091] In some embodiments, the fragrance composition includes (a) 1,1,2,3,3-pentamethyl-2,5,6,7-tetrahydroinden-4-one, (b) 7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-6,6a,7,8,9,9a-hexahydro-5H-cyclopenta[h]quinazoline, (c) 4,4a,5,6,7,8,9,9b-octahydro-7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-indeno[4,5-d]-1,3-dioxin, and (d) 2,2,6,6,7,8,8-heptamethyl-3a,5,6,7,8,8b-hexahydro-4H-indeno[4,5-d][1,3]dioxole in a ratio (a:b:c:d) ranging from about 5:20:20:1 to 20:80:80:1. In some embodiments, the fragrance composition includes (a) 1,1,2,3,3-pentamethyl-2,5,6,7-tetrahydroinden-4-one, (b) 7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-6,6a,7,8,9,9a-hexahydro-5H-cyclopenta[h]quinazoline, (c) 4,4a,5,6,7,8,9,9b-octahydro-7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-indeno[4,5-d]-1,3-dioxin, and (d) 2,2,6,6,7,8,8-heptamethyl-3a,5,6,7,8,8b-hexahydro-4H-indeno[4,5-d][1,3]dioxole in a ratio (a:b:c:d) of or about 5:20:20:1 or 10:40:40:1. In some embodiments, the fragrance composition includes (a) 1,1,2,3,3-pentamethyl-2,5,6,7-tetrahydroinden-4-one, (b) 7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-6,6a,7,8,9,9a-hexahydro-5H-cyclopenta[h]quinazoline, (c) 4,4a,5,6,7,8,9,9b-octahydro-7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-indeno[4,5-d]-1,3-dioxin, and (d) 2,2,6,6,7,8,8-heptamethyl-3a,5,6,7,8,8b-hexahydro-4H-indeno[4,5-d][1,3]dioxole in a ratio (a:b:c:d) of or about 10:40:40:1.

[0092] In some embodiments, the concentrations (in wt %) described herein (eg, above) are relative to the total weight of the composition.

[0093] In some embodiments, the fragrance compositions described herein for sleep improvement further comprise a solvent. Solvents contemplated for use herein are described in more detail below.

[0094] In certain aspects, the present disclosure provides a fragrance composition comprising (i) at least 3 heteroatom musk compounds and (ii) at least 1 acyclic musk compound or 7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-5H-cyclopenta[h]quinazoline and optionally a solvent.

[0095] In certain aspects, the present disclosure provides a fragrance composition consisting of (i) at least 3 heteroatom musk compounds and (ii) at least 1 acyclic musk compound, 7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-5H-cyclopenta[h]quinazoline or 2,2,6,6,7,8,8-heptamethyl-3a,5,6,7,8,8b-hexahydro-4H-indeno[4,5-d][1,3]dioxole, and optionally a solvent.

[0096] Solvents suitable for use in flavor compositions are suitable for use in consumer products and, when combined with other components of the final product, will not render the consumer product unsuitable for its intended consumer user. The solvent preferably does not change or significantly change the olfactory properties of the flavor ingredient. Preferably, the solvent is selected from dipropylene glycol (DPG), isopropyl myristate, ethanol, triethyl citrate, or a combination thereof. Non-limiting examples of other suitable solvents used are known in the art and include, but are not limited to: diethyl phthalate, benzyl benzoate, 2-(2-ethoxy)-1-ethanol, ethyl citrate, water / ethanol mixtures, limonene or other terpenes, isoparaffins (such as those sold under the trademark (such as those sold by ExxonMobil Chemicals, Houston, Texas) and glycol ethers and glycol esters (such as those sold under the trademark (those known to Dow Chemical Company, Midland, Michigan) and solvents as disclosed in paragraphs of US2021 / 0008082A1 (Takasago Corporation).

[0097] In certain embodiments, the heteroatom musk compounds, acyclic musk compounds and / or 7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-5H-cyclopenta[h]quinazoline of the present disclosure can be each independently formulated into a fragrance composition at a concentration of about 0.001 wt % to about 100 wt %, or about 0.01 wt % to about 90 wt %, or about 0.1 wt % to about 80 wt %, or about 1 wt % to about 70 wt %, or about 1 wt % to about 60 wt %, or about 1 wt % to about 50 wt %, or about 1 wt % to about 45 wt %.

[0098] In certain embodiments, the heteroatom musk compound, acyclic musk compound, 7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-5H-cyclopenta[h]quinazoline, or 2,2,6,6,7,8,8-heptamethyl-3a,5,6,7,8,8b-hexahydro-4H-indeno[4,5-d][1,3]dioxole of the present disclosure can be formulated into a fragrance composition at a concentration of each independently from about 0.001 wt % to about 100 wt %, or from about 0.01 wt % to about 90 wt %, or from about 0.1 wt % to about 80 wt %, or from about 1 wt % to about 70 wt %, or from about 1 wt % to about 60 wt %, or from about 1 wt % to about 50 wt %, or from about 1 wt % to about 45 wt %.

[0099] In certain embodiments of the perfume composition as described herein above, the mass ratio of (i) to (ii) is 55: 1 to 45: 1, or 52: 1 to 47: 1. In other embodiments, the perfume composition comprises: (i) 95 wt% to 99 wt% of a heteroatom musk compound; and (ii) 1 wt% to 5 wt% of an acyclic musk compound or 7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-5H-cyclopenta[h]quinazoline, wherein the wt% is based on the total weight of the composition. In some embodiments, the fragrance composition comprises: (i) 95 wt% to 99 wt% of a heteroatom musk compound; and (ii) 1 wt% to 5 wt% of an acyclic musk compound, 7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-5H-cyclopenta[h]quinazoline, or 2,2,6,6,7,8,8-heptamethyl-3a,5,6,7,8,8b-hexahydro-4H-indeno[4,5-d][1,3]dioxole, wherein the wt% is based on the total weight of the composition.

[0100] In some embodiments, heteroatom musk compounds that can effectively increase the amount and / or quality of sleep can include, but are not limited to, 4,4a,5,6,7,8,9,9b-octahydro-7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-indeno[4,5-d]-1,3-dioxine 1,1,2,3,3-Pentamethyl-2,5,6,7-tetrahydroindan-4-one 7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-6,6a,7,8,9,9a-hexahydro-5H-cyclopenta[h]quinazoline (Ambertonic TM ); and combinations thereof. Other suitable examples of heteroatom musk compounds are well known to those skilled in the art.

[0101] In certain embodiments, the present disclosure provides a fragrance composition comprising a heteroatom musk compound and an acyclic musk compound, wherein: (i) the heteroatom musk compound is 4,4a,5,6,7,8,9,9b-octahydro-7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-indeno[4,5-d]-1,3-dioxin; 1,1,2,3,3-pentamethyl-2,5,6,7-tetrahydroinden-4-one; and 7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-6,6a,7,8,9,9a-hexahydro-5H-cyclopenta[h]quinazoline; and (ii) the acyclic musk compound is 2-[1-(3,3-dimethylcyclohexyl)ethoxy]-2-methyl-1-propanol 1-propionate (Helvimor). Other suitable examples of acyclic musks are well known to those skilled in the art.

[0102] In a specific embodiment, the fragrance composition is composed of: 40 wt% to 45 wt% of 4,4a,5,6,7,8,9,9b-octahydro-7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-indeno[4,5-d]-1,3-dioxin; 5 wt% to 15 wt% of 1,1,2,3,3-pentamethyl-2,5,6,7-tetrahydroinden-4-one; 40 wt% to 45 wt% of 7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-6,6a,7,8,9,9a-hexahydro-5H-cyclopenta[h]quinazoline; and 0.1 wt% to 5 wt% of 2-[1-(3,3-dimethylcyclohexyl)ethoxy]-2-methyl-1-propanol 1-propionate, wherein the wt% is based on the total weight of the composition.

[0103] In other embodiments, the fragrance composition comprises a heteroatom musk compound and 7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-5H-cyclopenta[h]quinazoline Among the heteroatom musk compounds are 4,4a,5,6,7,8,9,9b-octahydro-7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-indeno[4,5-d]-1,3-dioxin; 1,1,2,3,3-pentamethyl-2,5,6,7-tetrahydroinden-4-one; and 7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-6,6a,7,8,9,9a-hexahydro-5H-cyclopenta[h]quinazoline.

[0104] In a specific embodiment, the composition is composed of: 40wt% to 45wt% of 4,4a,5,6,7,8,9,9b-octahydro-7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-indeno[4,5-d]-1,3-dioxin; 5wt% to 15wt% of 1,1,2,3,3-pentamethyl-2,5,6,7-tetrahydroinden-4-one; 40wt% to 45wt% of 7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-6,6a,7,8,9,9a-hexahydro-5H-cyclopenta[h]quinazoline; and 0.1wt% to 5wt% of 7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-5H-cyclopenta[h]quinazoline.

[0105] In other embodiments, the fragrance composition comprises a heteroatom musk compound and 2,2,6,6,7,8,8-heptamethyl-3a,5,6,7,8,8b-hexahydro-4H-indeno[4,5-d][1,3]dioxole), wherein the heteroatom musk compound is 4,4a,5,6,7,8,9,9b-octahydro-7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-indeno[4,5-d]-1,3-dioxin; 1,1,2,3,3-pentamethyl-2,5,6,7-tetrahydroinden-4-one; and 7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-6,6a,7,8,9,9a-hexahydro-5H-cyclopenta[h]quinazoline.

[0106] In a specific embodiment, the composition is composed of: 40wt% to 45wt% of 4,4a,5,6,7,8,9,9b-octahydro-7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-indeno[4,5-d]-1,3-dioxin; 5wt% to 15wt% of 1,1,2,3,3-pentamethyl-2,5,6,7-tetrahydroinden-4-one; 40wt% to 45wt% of 7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-6,6a,7,8,9,9a-hexahydro-5H-cyclopenta[h]quinazoline; and 0.1wt% to 5wt% of 2,2,6,6,7,8,8-heptamethyl-3a,5,6,7,8,8b-hexahydro-4H-indeno[4,5-d][1,3]dioxole.

[0107] In certain embodiments, the present disclosure provides a fragrance composition that can improve sleep. Preferably, sleep improvement includes at least one or more sleep benefits. In a specific embodiment, the fragrance composition causes sleep improvement, which includes at least one or more sleep benefits selected from the following list: sleep quality improvement, total sleep time increase, wake after falling asleep (WASO) reduction, wake after falling asleep (% wake) reduction, deep sleep (N3 / N4) duration increase, deep sleep (N3 / N4) time spent ratio increase, REM sleep duration increase, REM sleep time spent ratio increase, shallow sleep (N1 / N2) duration increase, shallow sleep (N1 / N2) time spent ratio increase, sleep efficiency increase, sleep maintenance increase, sleep period wake-up times decrease, fall asleep decrease, fully rested feeling increase, wake up and / or wake up after feeling refreshed increase, restore spirit feeling increase, ready to start a new day feeling increase, daytime sleepiness feeling reduction, or its combination. Preferably, sleep benefit biometric measurement or perception.

[0108] In other embodiments, the present disclosure provides a fragrance composition capable of improving sleep, wherein the sleep improvement comprises at least one or more sleep benefits selected from the list comprising: reduced time to fall asleep, reduced time spent awakening during the night (wASO), improved sleep efficiency, improved sleep maintenance, increased time spent in deep sleep, increased proportion of time spent in deep sleep stages, improved sleep quality, improved feeling of being well rested, or a combination thereof, preferably a biometric measurement or perception of sleep benefit.

[0109] In certain embodiments, the perfume composition of the present disclosure may include at least one or more additional perfume ingredients from various categories, as long as the addition does not change or does not significantly change the ability of the composition to increase the amount of sleep and / or improve the quality of sleep. Preferably, the perfume composition may contain at least 1, at least 2, at least 3, at least 4, at least 5, at least 6, at least 7, at least 8, at least 9 or at least 10 additional perfume ingredients. The additional perfume ingredients constitute the total perfume composition when combined with the musk compound. In this aspect, relative to the total weight of the perfume composition, the balance of 100wt% is composed of: (i) at least 3 heteroatom musk compounds; (ii) at least 1 acyclic musk compound or 7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-5H-cyclopentadiene and [h] quinazoline; and (iii) one or more additional perfume ingredients. In some embodiments, the additional perfume ingredients constitute the total perfume composition when combined with the compound having the backbone structure of formula (I). In some embodiments, the balance of 100 wt% is composed of (i) one or more compounds having a main chain structure of formula (I) and (ii) one or more additional perfume ingredients, relative to the total weight of the perfume composition. In some embodiments, the wt% of the one or more compounds having a main chain structure of formula (I) is any wt% described herein. In some embodiments, the balance of 100 wt% is composed of (i) one or more compounds having a main chain structure of formula (I), wherein the total concentration of the one or more compounds is at least or greater than 0.05 wt%, and (ii) one or more additional perfume ingredients. In some embodiments, the balance of 100 wt% is composed of (i) one or more compounds having a main chain structure of formula (I), (ii) at least one acyclic musk compound, and (iii) one or more additional perfume ingredients, relative to the total weight of the perfume composition. In some embodiments, the wt% of the one or more compounds having a main chain structure of formula (I) is any wt% described herein, and the wt% of the at least one acyclic musk compound is any wt% described herein, so that when combined with the one or more ingredients, the total wt% is 100%. In some embodiments, relative to the total weight of the perfume composition, the balance of 100 wt% is composed of: (i) one or more compounds having a backbone structure of formula (I), wherein the total concentration of the one or more compounds is at least or greater than 0.05 wt%, (ii) at least one acyclic musk compound at a total concentration of at least 0.0025 wt%, and (iii) one or more additional perfume ingredients. In some embodiments, the additional perfume ingredients constitute the total perfume composition when combined with the one or more heteroatom musk compounds.In some embodiments, relative to the total weight of the perfume composition, the balance of 100wt% is composed of: (i) one or more heteroatom musk compounds and (ii) one or more additional perfume ingredients. In some embodiments, the wt% of the one or more heteroatom musk compounds is any wt% described herein. In some embodiments, relative to the total weight of the perfume composition, the balance of 100wt% is composed of: (i) one or more heteroatom musk compounds, wherein the total concentration of the one or more compounds is at least or greater than 0.05wt%, and (ii) one or more additional perfume ingredients. In some embodiments, relative to the total weight of the perfume composition, the balance of 100wt% is composed of: (i) one or more heteroatom musk compounds, (ii) at least one acyclic musk compound, and (iii) one or more additional perfume ingredients. In some embodiments, the wt% of the one or more heteroatom musk compounds is any wt% described herein, and the wt% of the at least one acyclic musk compound is any wt% described herein, so that when combined with the one or more ingredients, the total wt% is 100%. In some embodiments, the balance of 100 wt %, relative to the total weight of the perfume composition, is made up of: (i) one or more heteroatom musk compounds, wherein the total concentration of the one or more compounds is at least or greater than 0.05 wt %, (ii) at least one acyclic musk compound at a total concentration of at least 0.0025 wt %, and (iii) one or more additional perfume ingredients.

[0110] In certain embodiments, the additional flavor ingredients may be, but are not limited to, one or more aldehyde compounds, one or more animal aroma compounds, one or more balsamic compounds, one or more citrus compounds, one or more floral aroma compounds, one or more fruity aroma compounds, one or more edible aroma compounds, one or more green aroma compounds, one or more herbal aroma compounds, one or more marine aroma compounds, one or more moss compounds, one or more pine cone compounds, one or more powdery aroma compounds, one or more spicy aroma compounds, one or more woody aroma compounds, one or more liquorice aroma compounds, or a combination thereof.

[0111] Suitable examples of additional fragrance ingredients are described in US 2020 / 0048578 A1 (Givaudan), US 2018 / 0325786 A1 (IFF) and US 4,534,891 (IFF). Additional non-limiting examples of such additional fragrance ingredients are selected from the group consisting of: n-decyl aldehyde (ALDEHYDE C 10DECYLIC); undecylenic aldehyde (ALDEHYDE C 11UNDECYLENIC); undecyl aldehyde (ALDEHYDE C 110UNDECYLIC); lauric aldehyde (ALDEHYDE C12LAURIC); methyl nonane acetaldehyde (ALDEHYDE C 12MNA PURE); food grade octanal (ALDEHYDE C 8OCTYLICFOODGRADE); isononyl aldehyde (ALDEHYDE C 9ISONONYLIC); food grade nonanal (ALDEHYDE C9NONYLIC FOODGRADE); nonenal 1% / TEC (ALDEHYDE C 90NONENYLIC 1% / TEC); dodecanal (ALDEHYDE C12) (dodecanal (DODECANAL)); isoundecylenic aldehyde (ALDEHYDE ISOC 11); Tangerinol; trans-4-decenal, DECENAL-4-TRANS 10% / TEC; dihydrofarnesal; dodecanal; myrcene; tangerinol; Ambergel acetal (AMBERKETAL IPM); Ambergel (Ambermax); AMBROFIX; AMBROFIX FLAKES; Belambre; BOISAMBRENE FORTE; CEDRYL ACETATE LIQUID; CEDRYL METHYL ETHER; CETALOX; ISO E SUPER; KARANAL; KEPHALIS; TIMBEROL; TRIMOFIX O; ANIMALIS1745SUBST.PMF 2 (ANIMALIS1745SUBST.PMF 2); Juniper oil, flavors, extracts, substitutes, substitutes; Guaiacol; Indoflavor; Indole; Indolene; Anethole; Anise oil; Anise aldehyde; Anisyl acetate; Dihydroanethole; Estragole; Sweet fennel oil, flavors, extracts, bases, substitutes or substitutes; Sweet fennel oil DQ (AC) N 41632TT (FENNEL SWEET DQ (AC) N41632TT); Sweet fennel oil (FENNELOIL SWEET); and technical grade sweet fennel oil (FENNEL OIL SWEET TECH); Benzoin oil, flavors, extracts, substitutes or substitutes; Benzyl alcohol (BENZYL ALCOHOL); BENZYL CINNAMATE; BONHANUM OIL, FRAGRANCE, EXTRACT, SUBSTITUTE OR SUIT; OLIBANUM OIL SOMALIA ORPUR; PHENYL ETHYL PHENYL ACETATE; MUGGIE OIL, FRAGRANCE, EXTRACT, SUBSTITUTE OR SUIT; CAMPHOR AND CAMPHOR OIL, FRAGRANCE, EXTRACT, SUBSTITUTE OR SUIT; EUCALYPTUS AND EUCALYPTUS OIL, FRAGRANCE, EXTRACT, SUBSTITUTE OR SUIT; LAVANDIN OIL, FRAGRANCE, EXTRACT, SUBSTITUTE OR SUIT; ROSMARIN OIL, FRAGRANCE, EXTRACT, SUBSTITUTE OR SUIT; AND THUVA CYPRESS OIL, FRAGRANCE, EXTRACT, SUBSTITUTE OR SUIT; ACETAL CD; AMYL CINNAMIC ALDEHYDE; AMYL SALICYLIC ACID SALICYLATE); AURANTIOL PURE BENZYL ACETATE;BENZYLSALICYLATE; BOURGEONAL; CITRONELLOL; CITRONELLYLACETATE; CRESYL METHYL ETHER PARA; CYCLAMENALDEHYDE EXTRA; CYCLOHEXAL; CYCLOHEXYL SALICYLATE; DIMETHYL ANTHRANILATE; DIMETHYL PHENYL THYLCARBINOL; DUPICAL; ETHYL LINALOOL; FLOROSA; FLOROSA HC); GERANIOL; geranyl oil, essence, extract, substitute or replacement; GERANODYLE; GERANYL ACETATE; GERANYL BUTYRATE; HEDIONE; HEDIONE HC; HEXENYL-3-CIS SALICYLATE; HEXYL CINNAMIC ALDEHYDE; HEXYL CINNAMIC ALDEHYDE DQ AC XI 41505TT; HEXYLSALICYLATE; HYDROXYCITRONELLAL; ISOBUTYL PHENYL ACETATE; PHENYLACETATE); ISOBUTYL SALICYLATE; JASMATONE; JASMINE OIL, FRAGRANCE, EXTRACT, SUBSTITUENTS OR SUBSITIVES; JASMONE CIS; JASMONYL; JASMOPYRANE FORTE; LILIAL AND LILIAL SUBSTITUENTS; LINALOOL; MEFROSOL; METHYL ANTHRANILATE; METHYLANTHRANILATE EXTRA; METHYL BENZOATE; METHYL PHENYLACETATE; NEROLICE OIL, FRAGRANCE, EXTRACT, SUBSTITUENTS OR SUBSITIVES;2-Naphthyl Ethyl Ether Crystals (NEROLINE CRYSTALS); 1-(3-Methyl-Benzofuranyl) Ethanone (NEROLIONE); Orange Oil, Essence, Extract, Substitute or Substitute; Orange Flower Crystals (ORANGER CRYSTALS); Orange Flower Fragrance (ORANGER FLEUR CREME) 1103 / 20; Tetrahydrogeraniol (PELARGOL); Peony Nitrile (PEONILE); Light Pink Flower Fragrance (PETALIA); Phenyl Ethyl Acetate (PHENYL ETHYLACETATE); Phenyl Ethanol (PHENYL ETHYL ALCOHOL); Phenyl Ethyl ISOVALERATE (PHENYL ETHYL SALICYLATE CRYSTALS); CRYSTALS; ROSACETOL; ROSALVA; ROSE OIL, ESSENCE, EXTRACT, SUBSTITUTE OR SUBSITIVE; SUPER MUGUET; TERPINEOL PURE; TETRAHYDRO LINALOOL; VERDANTIOL; YARA YARA; Ylang Ylang OIL, ESSENCE, EXTRACT, SUBSTITUTE OR SUBSITIVE; ACETATE C6HEXYLIC; AGRUMEX; ALLYL AMYL GLYCOLATE; ALLYL CAPROATE; ALLYL CYCLOHEXYL PROPIONATE; ALLYLOENANTHATE; AMYL BUTYRATE BUTYRATE); APHERMATE; APPLE OIL, FRAGRANCE, EXTRACT, SUBSTITUENT OR SUBSITIVE; BANANA OIL, FRAGRANCE, EXTRACT, SUBSTITUENT OR SUBSITIVE; BENZYL BUTYRATE; BENZYL ISOBUTYRATE; BENZYL PROPIONATE; BUTYLACETATE; BUTYRIC ACID; BLACK CURRANT OIL, FRAGRANCE, EXTRACT, SUBSTITUENT OR SUBSITIVE; COGNAC WHITE OIL EXTRA DQ(AC)41547TT; CYCLOGALBANATE; DAMASCENONE; DAMASCONE ALPHA; DAMASCONE BETA; DAMASCONE DELTA; DECALACTONE DELTA);DECALACTONE GAMMA; Diethyl Malonate; Dimethylbenzyl carbinyl acetate; Dimethylbenzyl carbinyl acetate; Dimethylbenzyl carbinyl acetate; DIMETHYL BENZYLCARBINYL BUTYRATE; DODECALACTONE DELTA; DODECALACTONE GAMMA; Ethyl acetoacetate; Ethyl butyrate; Ethyl caproate; Ethyl caprylate; Ethyl isoamyl ketone; Ethyl isobutyrate; Ethyl 2-methylbutyrate; METHYL-2-BUTYRATE; ETHYL OENANTHATE; ETHYL PELARGONATE; ETHYL PROPIONATE; ETHYL SAFRANATE; FLOROCYCLENE; FRAISTONE; FRUCTONE; FRUITATE; GARDOCYCLENE; GIVESCONE; PUAVA PUVA OIL, FRAISTONE, EXTRACT, SUBSTITUTE OR SUBSTITUTE; HEXENYL-3-CIS BUTYRATE; HEXENYL-3-CIS ISOBUTYRATE; HEXYL BUTYRATE; HEXYL ISOBUTYRATE ISOBUTYRATE; ISOAMYL ACETATE EXTRA; ISOAMYL BUTYRATE FR; JASMACYCLENE; MANZANATE; Melon oil, essence, extract, substitute or replacement; METHOXY PHENYL BUTANONE; METHYL HEPTENONE PURE; METHYL HEXYL KETONE; METHYL-2-PENTENOIC ACID; 2-NECTARYL;OCTALACTONE GAMMA; PEACH PURE; PHENOXY ETHYL ISOBUTYRATE; PHENYL ETHYL ISOBUTYRATE; PRUNOLIDE; RASPBERRY KETONE (N 112); AND STRAWBERRY PURE; AMYL VINYL CARBINOL; OCIMENE; ACETOIN; ACETYL PYRAZINE; BENZALDEHYDE; BUTYL BUTYRO LACTATE; CHOCOLATE OILS, FRAGRANCES, EXTRACTS, SUBSTITUTES OR SUBSITES; CORYLONE DRY DRIED; CYCLOTENE; Ethyl maltol; Homofuronol; Hydroxy ethyl methyl thiazo1; ISOBUTAVAN; MALTYL ISOBUTYRATE; ACETAL E; ALCOHOL C 6HEXYLIC; ALDEHYDE C 6HEXYLIC FOOD GRADE; BUTYL QUINOLINE SECONDARY; CYCLAL C; DIPHENYL OXIDE; ELINTAAL; ETHYLDECADIENOATE; ETHYL DIMETHYL pyrazine Pyrazine); 1-(3,3 / 5,5-dimethylcyclohex-1-en-1-4-yl)pent-4-en-1-one (Galbanone); styryl acetate (GARDENOL); trans-2-hexenal (Hexenal-2-trans); trans-2-hexenol (HEXENOL-2-TRANS); cis-3-hexenol (HEXENOL-3-CIS); cis-3-hexenyl acetate (HEXENYL-3-CIS ACETATE); cis-3-hexenyl benzoate (HEXENYL-3-CIS BENZOATE); cis-3-hexenyl propionate (HEXENYL-3-CIS PROPIONATE); isocyclic citral (ISOCYCLOCITRAL);Isohexylmethoxypyrazine; LIFFAROME; LIGANTRAAL; METHYL OCTYNE CARBONATE; NEOFOLIONE; Nonadienal; NONADIENOL-2,6; Nonenal-6-cis; NONENOL-6-CIS; Orange leaf oil, essence, extract, substitute or replacement; Phenoxyacetaldehyde; Phenylacetaldehyde; acetaldehyde; pyralone; RESEDAL; rose ether; ROSYRANE SUPER; stemonone; TRICYCLAL; TRIFERNAL; UNDECATRIENE; UNDECAVEROL; violet nitrile nitrile); phenylacetaldehyde dimethyl acetal (VIRIDINE); basil oil, essence, extract, substitute or substitute; chamomile oil, essence, extract, substitute or substitute; citronellal (CITRONELLAL); sage oil, essence, extract, substitute or substitute; cyprisate (CYPRISATE); eucalyptus oil, extract, essence, substitute or substitute; lavender oxane (HERBOXANE); pinoacetaldehyde (PINOACETALDEHYDE); 1-cyclooctane-1 (or 3)-enyl ethyl ketone (TANAISONE); thyme oil, essence, extract, substitute or substitute; thymol crystals (THYMOL CRYSTALS; ADOXAL; Azurone; CALONE 1951; FENNALDEHYDE; FLORALOZONE; FLORHYDRAL; MELONAL; SCENTENAL; TROPIONAL; and VERNALDEHYDE; Buchu leaf oil, essence, extract, substitute or substitute; CARVONE LAEVO; Wild mint oil, essence, extract, substitute or substitute; FRESKOMENTHE; ISOMENTHONE DL;MENTHOL LAEVO; MENTHOL-DL; MENTHONE; MENTHYLACETATE; peppermint oil, essence, extract, substitute or substitute; and spearmint oil, essence, extract, substitute or substitute; AMBRETTOLIDE; CASHMERAN; COSMONE; Cyclopentadecan01ide; ETHYLENE BRASSYLATE; GALAXOLIDE; GALAXOLIDE S; HABANOLIDE; MUSCENONE; MUSK C14 C14); SERENOLIDE; SILVANONESUPRA; SYLKOLIDE; VELVIONE; CETONE V; DIHYDRO IONONE BETA; IONONE BETA; IRISONE ALPHA; IRISONE PURE; ISORALDEINE 70; ISORALDEINE 95; ORIVONE; Anjeruk; Corps 100; cassis; Corps pamplemousse; Dimethylsulphide; GARDAMIDE; Labienoxime; Mercaptans; METHYL ISOPROPYL THIAZOLE; Nardozeste oil, essence, extract, substitute or replacement; NEOCASPIRENEE1TRA; NONIVAMIDE 1% TRIACETIN; Oxane; PARADISAMIDE; Paramenthone; ACETOPHENONE;AUBEPINE PARA CRESOL; BICYCLO NONALACTONE; COUMARIN; Ethyl laitone; ETHYL VANILLIN; HELIOTROPIN; Vanilla oil, essence, extract, substitute or substitute; VANILLIN; Vanilla pod oil, essence, extract, substitute or substitute; VERATRIC ALDEHYDE; BORNEOL; BORNYL ACETATE LIQUID; BUTYL CYCLOHEXANOL PARA; BUTYL CYCLOHEXYL ACETATE PARA; cedarwood oil, essence, extract, substitute or replacement; CONIFERAN; EBANOL; EVERNYL; FENCHYL ACETATE; guaiacwood oil, essence, extract, substitute or replacement; ISONONANYL ACETATE; JAVANOL; KOHINOOL; MENTHANYL ACETATE; METHYL CEDRYL KETONE; NOPYL ACETATE; OSYROL; OXYOCTALINE FORMATE; patchouli oil, essence, extract, substitute or replacement; α-pinene (PINENEALPHA); β-pinene (PINENE ALPHA); RADJANOL; RADJANOL SUPER; turpentine oil, essence, extract, substitute or substitute; VERTOFIX COEUR; and vetiver oil, essence, extract, substitute or substitute; ALDEHYDE C12; and MENTHYL ACETATE.

[0112] In some embodiments, the perfume composition described herein can be prepared with an existing accord, sketch, or full fragrance. In some embodiments, the accord, sketch, or full fragrance may not have a sleep-improving effect, as described herein. In some embodiments, the perfume composition for sleep improvement described herein is prepared with an accord, sketch, or full fragrance lacking a sleep-improving effect, producing an accord, sketch, or full fragrance with a sleep-improving effect. For example, the perfume composition for sleep improvement described herein is added to an existing accord, sketch, or full fragrance to produce an accord, sketch, or full fragrance with a sleep-improving effect. Therefore, in some cases, the perfume composition for sleep improvement described herein can impart a sleep-improving effect to a fragrance that has no effect on sleep.

[0113] In certain embodiments, the perfume composition of the present disclosure is substantially free of or substantially free of one or more musk compounds, provided that the one or more musk compounds do not include heteroatom musk compounds and / or acyclic musk compounds. In specific embodiments, the perfume composition is substantially free of or substantially free of macrocyclic musk compounds, which preferably include Ambrettolide, Cyclopentadecalactone, Ethylene glycol brazilate, L-Musk ketone, Muskenone, Musk C14, Musk Supra, and / or

[0114] The fragrance compositions of the present disclosure may contain one or more fragrance co-ingredients. Typically, these co-ingredients belong to chemical classes such as, but not limited to, alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, esters, ethers, acetals, oximes, acetates, nitriles, terpenes, saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons of natural or synthetic origin.

[0115] Pure spices. In certain embodiments, the fragrance composition of the present disclosure comprises pure fragrance. "Pure fragrance" refers to a fragrance component that does not contain foreign matter and is not encapsulated and / or is not combined with other compounds that may cause delayed release of fragrance ingredients. When the fragrance component is pure fragrance, the fragrance component is present in an amount of 0.001 wt% to 100 wt% relative to the total weight of the fragrance composition.

[0116] In some embodiments, the one or more compounds having a backbone structure of formula (I) are pure fragrances. In some embodiments, the one or more heteroatom musk compounds are pure fragrances. In some embodiments, acyclic musk compounds are pure fragrances.

[0117] Encapsulated spices.In certain embodiments, the sleep benefits of the perfume composition of the present disclosure can be further enhanced by adopting a delivery system for such perfume compounds. Typically, microcapsules are used to encapsulate perfumes and deliver them to the target area in a delayed or controlled manner. As used herein, the term "encapsulated perfume" refers to a perfume composition encapsulated in a microcapsule to stabilize the release of perfume compounds over an extended period of time. Without wishing to be bound by theory, the applicant proposes that the perfume composition can be applied to pillowcases and / or bedding from a variety of consumer products (e.g., fabric sprays, laundry detergents, fabric softeners, flavor enhancers, etc.). Then, when the subject rubs the pillowcase and / or bedding to cause the microcapsule to rupture, the perfume material is released from the microcapsule throughout the evening. Therefore, the released perfume composition will play a role in continuously improving sleep quality and / or quantity throughout the evening.

[0118] The microcapsules preferably have an average particle size of 1 and 100 microns, preferably 1 to 50 microns or more preferably 1 to 20 microns. Microcapsules can be prepared from natural materials, such as fungal chitosan (WO2016 / 185171A1), silk fibroin particles (US2015 / 0164117A1) and biomolecules used as emulsifiers in microcapsule preparation (WO 2016 / 193435A1; WO2017 / 102812A1; US2018 / 0078468A1; WO 2018 / 019894A1; WO 2018 / 019896A1; and WO 2017 / 102812A1). Multilayer coacervates between gelatin and gum arabic capsules can be used in the present invention (US 4,946,624; WO 2012 / 001604A1; US ​​2015 / 0250689A1; and WO 2018 / 002214A1). Protein microcapsules are also useful within the scope of the present invention (US 2017 / 0189283A1). Preferably, environmentally friendly microcapsules wherein the shell has a biodegradability of at least 60 wt% within 60 days according to OECD 301F are also within the scope of the present invention (WO 2021 / 122633A1).

[0119] In some embodiments, the one or more compounds with the main chain structure of formula (I) are encapsulated. In some embodiments, the one or more heteroatom musk compounds are encapsulated. In some embodiments, acyclic musk compounds are encapsulated. In certain embodiments of the present disclosure, the fragrance ingredient is a pure fragrance (i.e., unencapsulated fragrance), an encapsulated fragrance, or a combination thereof. The one or more compounds with the main chain structure of formula (I), the one or more heteroatom musk compounds, and acyclic musk compounds can be considered as fragrance ingredients of a fragrance composition.

[0120] Use of fragrance compositions in consumer products

[0121] The fragrance composition of the present disclosure according to any embodiment described herein can be advantageously formulated as a part of a consumer product for nighttime sleep improvement, preferably for improving at least one sleep benefit to a subject. Such consumer products can be prepared in any suitable form by any method selected by the formulator. The concentration of the fragrance composition blended with the consumer product to provide at least one sleep benefit to the subject can be changed based on many variables, for example, the specific type of consumer product, the physical form of the consumer product (e.g., liquid, gas or solid) and the other fragrance ingredients already present in the consumer product and their concentrations.

[0122] In some embodiments, the consumer products of the present disclosure may be, but are not limited to, air care products (e.g., candles, incense sticks, etc.). stick), aerosols, air fresheners, liquid electric air fresheners, fragrance diffusers, smart diffusers, gel air fresheners, or plug-in air fresheners), fabric care products (e.g., laundry detergents, fabric softeners, pillow sprays, fabric cleaners, fragrance enhancers, laundry unit doses or dryer soft sheets), personal care products (e.g., lotions, creams, wipes, shower gels, hand soaps, soaps, skin patches, etc.), pet care products, hygiene products (e.g., towels, toilet paper, facial tissues, wet wipes, handkerchiefs, wet towels, etc.), premium fragrances (e.g., perfumes, eau de toilette, colognes, eau de parfum, etc.), hair care products (e.g., shampoo, hair dye, conditioner, leave-in shampoo, hairspray, etc.), or beauty care products (e.g., skin creams, cleansing creams, night creams, hand creams, body lotions, after-shave lotions, body lotions, lip balms, talcum powders, anti-wrinkle and / or anti-aging cosmetics, massage oils, etc.). In some embodiments, consumer products are products for sleep or bedtime routine. For example, consumer products can be bedding, such as sheets (for example, sheets, pillowcases, etc.), coverings (for example, quilts, bedding, duvets, blankets, etc.) or bedding itself (for example, mattresses, pillows, bed frames, etc.). In some embodiments, consumer products are bedtime or sleep accessories. For example, consumer products can be pillow cores, mattress cores, pillow bags, eye masks or other products designed to include a fragrance composition for improving sleep in the material of the product. In some embodiments, air care products include equipment for delivering fragrance compositions, for example, as described above. In some embodiments, equipment is a wearable device. In some embodiments, equipment is an intelligent device, for example, a smart bed, an intelligent mattress, an intelligent pillow, an intelligent wearable device.

[0123] A wide range of concentrations of the fragrance composition can be employed to provide at least one sleep benefit to a subject. In certain embodiments of the present disclosure, the fragrance composition can be blended with a consumable product, and the composition can be present in the consumable product in an amount of about 1 to about 9000 ppm, or about 5 to 7500 ppm, or about 10 to about 5000 ppm, or about 50 to 2500 ppm, or about 100 to 1000 ppm, or about 250 to 500 ppm, and any values ​​therein.

[0124] In certain embodiments of the present disclosure, a fragrance composition can be blended with a consumer product, wherein the composition is present in an amount of about 0.0001wt% to about 90wt%, or about 0.001wt% to about 75wt%, or about 1wt% to 50wt% and values ​​therebetween. In some embodiments, the fragrance composition is present in an amount effective to improve at least one sleep benefit. In some embodiments, the effective amount depends on the amount of the compound having the structure of formula (I), for example, the total concentration. In some embodiments, the effective amount depends on the amount of the heteroatom musk compound, for example, the total concentration. In some embodiments, the effective amount is an amount of at least or greater than 0.05wt%, for example, the total concentration. In some embodiments, the effective amount is an amount of at least or greater than 0.1wt%, for example, the total concentration. In some embodiments, the effective amount is an amount of at least or greater than 1wt%, for example, the total concentration. In some embodiments, the consumer product may include one or more additional binders, solvents, other perfume compounds, perfuming co-ingredients, builders, chelants, dye transfer inhibitors, dispersants, enzymes and enzyme stabilizers, catalytic materials, bleach activators, hydrogen peroxide, sources of hydrogen peroxide, preformed peracids, polymeric dispersants, clay soil removers / anti-redeposition agents, brighteners, foam inhibitors, dyes, hueing dyes, perfumes, perfume delivery systems, structural elastic agents, carriers, structurants, hydrotropes, processing aids, solvents other than the solubilizing agent, fabric softener actives selected from the group consisting of silicone polymers, polysaccharide clays, fatty esters, dispersible polyolefins, polymer latexes, pigments, and combinations thereof.

[0125] The perfume compositions disclosed herein are particularly suitable for use in fabric care products, preferably as fabric sprays, laundry detergents, fabric softeners and fragrance enhancers, and more preferably as pillow and / or bedding sprays. In certain embodiments, the fabric spray compositions of the present disclosure are aqueous fabric sprays. Preferably, at least 60wt%, more preferably at least 70wt% of the composition is water. In certain aspects, the fabric spray compositions of the present disclosure comprise pure perfumes present at a level preferably selected from less than 10%, less than 8%, and less than 5% by weight of the spray composition. In yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, the fabric spray compositions comprise a combination of pure perfumes and encapsulated perfumes.

[0126] The fabric spray composition of the present invention preferably comprises one or more anti-malodor ingredients. The anti-malodor agent may be present at a level selected from less than 20%, less than 10% and less than 5% by weight of the fabric spray composition. Any suitable anti-malodor agent may be used. Non-limiting examples of anti-malodor agents may be selected from the group consisting of: uncomplexed cyclodextrins; odor blockers; reactive aldehydes; flavanoids; zeolites; activated carbon; mixtures of zinc ricinoleate or its solution and substituted monocyclic organic compounds; and mixtures thereof. Without wishing to be bound by theory, the applicant proposes that the use of an anti-malodor agent together with a perfume composition helps capture, absorb or destroy any unpleasant odor molecules from pillowcases and / or bedding to further enhance sleep benefits.

[0127] In certain embodiments, the disclosure relates to a method of incorporating a fragrance composition that provides a sleep-improving effect into a consumer product. According to this embodiment, the method may include (a) providing at least one consumer product, and (b) combining the consumer product with a fragrance composition as described herein. In certain embodiments, such a composition may be administered before a subject's typical bedtime.

[0128] In other embodiments, the composition of the present disclosure can be used for sleep improvement, which can be advantageously formulated into a consumer product intended to be applied to any substrate. As used herein, the term "substrate" means any surface on which the composition of the present invention can be applied without causing any undue adverse effects. For example, this can include a wide range of surfaces, including human or animal skin or hair, fabric (pillow spray), air (air freshener), furniture, paper, tableware, hard surfaces and related materials. Preferred substrates include fabrics, such as bedding, clothing, blankets and pillowcases.

[0129] Methods used to improve sleep benefits

[0130] In certain embodiments, the disclosure relates to a method for improving at least one sleep benefit of a subject, wherein the method comprises providing a fragrance composition as described herein or a consumer product as described herein to the subject in an amount effective to improve the at least one sleep benefit. Preferably, the fragrance composition or consumer product is: (i) sprayed or applied to the subject (e.g., a part of the body, face or hair); (ii) sprayed or applied to interior decorations or fabrics, preferably bedding, clothing, blankets or pillowcases; and / or (iii) dispersed or diffused into the air (indoors). Preferably, the at least one sleep benefit is preferably selected from the group consisting of: improved sleep quality, increased total sleep time, reduced awakenings after sleep onset (WASO), reduced proportion of awakening time after sleep onset (% awakenings), increased duration of deep sleep (N3 / N4), increased proportion of time spent in deep sleep (N3 / N4), increased duration of REM sleep, increased proportion of time spent in REM sleep, increased duration of light sleep (N1 / N2), increased proportion of time spent in light sleep (N1 / 2), increased sleep efficiency, increased sleep maintenance, reduced number of awakenings during sleep, reduced sleep onset, increased feeling of being well rested, increased feeling of being refreshed upon and / or after waking up, increased feeling of being restored, increased feeling of being ready to start the day, reduced feeling of daytime sleepiness, or a combination thereof, preferably wherein the sleep benefit is biometrically measured or perceived. In other embodiments, a method for improving at least one sleep benefit to a subject, wherein the method comprises incorporating into the consumer's sleep habits in advance or immediately before or at bedtime by providing to the subject an amount of a fragrance composition as described herein or a consumable product as described herein effective to improve the at least one sleep benefit.

[0131] In some embodiments, the fragrance composition can be provided by the device. For example, in some embodiments, the fragrance composition can be included in a wearable fragrance delivery device and thus provided to the subject. In some embodiments, the fragrance composition is used in combination with a smart device (such as a smart bed, a smart mattress, a smart pillow, a smart wearable device, etc.) to provide fragrance to the subject. In some embodiments, the smart device further collects data, for example, biometric data from the subject, and uses the data to adjust (for example, start, stop, increase, reduce) fragrance delivery. The fragrance composition can be present in any suitable form for use with such a device.

[0132] In certain embodiments, the fragrance composition is applied to the subject in a gaseous or volatile form. In certain non-limiting embodiments, the fragrance composition can be applied intranasally or by inhalation. In certain embodiments, the subject can directly or indirectly inhale the fragrance composition. In other specific embodiments, the fragrance composition can be released into the area around the subject and the subject inhales the composition. In specific embodiments, the composition is released into the air by consumer products (such as but not limited to air fresheners or candles) or by bedding and / or pillowcases processed with one or more fabric care products (such as fabric sprays, laundry detergents, fabric softeners, fragrance enhancers, etc.). In certain embodiments, the consumer product is bedtime or sleep accessories. In certain embodiments, the consumer product is equipment, for example, smart devices.

[0133] In certain embodiments of the present disclosure, the amount of the flavor composition released from the consumer product can be less than the total concentration of the flavor composition blended with the consumer product. In certain embodiments, the amount of the flavor composition released by the consumer product and therefore available for use in the subject can be between about 1% to about 100% of the amount of the flavor composition blended with the consumer product. In other embodiments, the amount of the flavor composition released can be between about 5% and about 90% of the amount of the flavor composition blended with the consumer product, between about 10% and about 80%, between about 20% and about 70%, between about 30% and about 60%, and between about 40% and about 50%.

[0134] In other embodiments, the presently disclosed subject matter can include a consumer product comprising a sufficient amount of a fragrance composition disclosed herein to provide a concentration of the fragrance composition of at least about 1 ng / cubic foot of air, at least about 5 ng / cubic foot of air, at least 10 ng / cubic foot of air, at least 20 ng / cubic foot of air, at least 30 ng / cubic foot of air, or at least 50 ng / cubic foot of air.

[0135] The present disclosure also provides a method of improving at least one sleep benefit of a subject in need thereof, comprising administering to the subject any of the disclosed fragrance compositions or consumable products in an amount effective to improve at least one sleep benefit. Preferably, the subject is exposed to such a fragrance composition or consumable product before bedtime, at bedtime, and / or at night. In a specific embodiment, the subject can be exposed to the fragrance composition or consumable product for at least about 15 minutes, at least about 30 minutes, at least about 1 hour, at least about 2 hours, at least about 3 hours, at least about 4 hours, at least about 5 hours, at least about 6 hours, or at least about 7 hours.

[0136] It is contemplated that the fragrance compositions described herein can be used in a variety of environments ranging from residential to commercial spaces. For example, the fragrance compositions described herein can be used in private homes (e.g., a subject's bedroom), as well as in commercial environments (such as hotels, e.g., hotel rooms).

[0137] Methods for monitoring sleep benefits

[0138] The sleep benefit of a subject exposed to the fragrance composition can be monitored by a remote sensor method using, but not limited to, a SleepScoreMax device (SleepScore Labs, Carlsbad, CA), which is a non-contact monitoring device that measures a subject's respiratory signal (i.e., breathing) and movement to detect sleep behavior. The sleep monitoring method of the present disclosure represents a similar method to the one sold under the trade name Fitbit Inspire Fitbit Charge Fibit Versa Fitbit Jawbone Ring Gen A significant technological advancement over traditional and simple consumer wearable sleep and fitness monitoring devices sold by other similar devices. The main disadvantages of these wearable sleep monitoring devices are that they may interfere with the subject's sleep patterns, and / or may have limited sensors (e.g., heart rate sensors (i.e., sleeping heart rate), motion detectors (a measure of restlessness), etc.), and therefore may only provide minimal and / or ambiguous sleep data and / or metrics. As such, conclusions drawn based on the data generated by these devices are not particularly robust and / or may not truly support different sleep benefits.

[0139] Therefore, the sleep monitoring disclosed herein is considered to be comparable to the gold standard sleep assessment technology polysomnography (PSG). The SleepScore Max device has been shown to have a high performance in sleep / wake measurement (Chinoy, ED et al., Performance of Seven Consumer Sleep-Tracking Devices Compared with Polysomnography, Sleep J. [Sleep Magazine], 2021, pp. 1-16). The sleep monitoring method disclosed herein allows measurement of the time spent in each sleep stage (shallow, deep and REM), total sleep duration, the time spent awakening after initial sleep onset (WASO) at night, the number of awakenings or waking up, the time spent falling asleep, the total awakening time, the time in bed, the start time of the sleep routine, the end time of the sleep routine (wake-up time) and overall sleep quality measures such as sleep efficiency, sleep maintenance, sleep score, mental score and body score.

[0140] The present invention is described in more detail by the following non-limiting examples. Without further elaboration, it is believed that those skilled in the art can utilize the present invention to its maximum extent based on the description herein. All publications cited herein are incorporated by reference in their entirety.

[0141] Exemplary Embodiments

[0142] The examples provided are:

[0143] 1. A fragrance composition for improving sleep, comprising at least 4 fragrance ingredients and optionally a solvent, wherein the fragrance ingredients comprise: (i) at least 3 heteroatom musk compounds; and (ii) at least 1 acyclic musk compound or 7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-5H-cyclopenta[h]quinazoline; and the solvent is selected from dipropylene glycol (DPG), isopropyl myristate, ethanol, triethyl citrate or a combination thereof.

[0144] 2. The flavor composition of embodiment 1, wherein the mass ratio of (i) to (ii) is 55:1 to 45:1 or 52:1 to 47:1.

[0145] 3. The fragrance composition of embodiment 1, comprising: 95 wt % to 99 wt % of the heteroatom musk compound; and 1 wt % to 5 wt % of the acyclic musk compound or 7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-5H-cyclopenta[h]quinazoline; wherein the wt % is based on the total weight of the composition.

[0146] 4. The fragrance composition of embodiment 1, wherein the heteroatom musk compound is 4,4a,5,6,7,8,9,9b-octahydro-7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-indeno[4,5-d]-1,3-dioxin; 1,1,2,3,3-pentamethyl-2,5,6,7-tetrahydroinden-4-one; and 7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-6,6a,7,8,9,9a-hexahydro-5H-cyclopenta[h]quinazoline.

[0147] 5. The fragrance composition of embodiment 1, wherein the composition comprises the heteroatom musk compound and the acyclic musk compound, wherein: (i) the heteroatom musk compound is 4,4a,5,6,7,8,9,9b-octahydro-7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-indeno[4,5-d]-1,3-dioxin; 1,1,2,3,3-pentamethyl-2,5,6,7-tetrahydroinden-4-one; and 7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-6,6a,7,8,9,9a-hexahydro-5H-cyclopenta[h]quinazoline; and (ii) the acyclic musk compound is 2-[1-(3,3-dimethylcyclohexyl)ethoxy]-2-methyl-1-propanol 1-propionate.

[0148] 6. The fragrance composition of embodiment 5, wherein the composition is composed of: 40 wt% to 45 wt% of 4,4a,5,6,7,8,9,9b-octahydro-7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-indeno[4,5-d]-1,3-dioxin; 5 wt% to 15 wt% of 1,1,2,3,3-pentamethyl-2,5,6,7-tetrahydroinden-4-one; 40 wt% to 45 wt% of 7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-6,6a,7,8,9,9a-hexahydro-5H-cyclopenta[h]quinazoline; and 0.1 wt% to 5 wt% of 2-[1-(3,3-dimethylcyclohexyl)ethoxy]-2-methyl-1-propanol 1-propionate, wherein the wt% is based on the total weight of the composition.

[0149] 7. The fragrance composition of embodiment 1, wherein the composition comprises the heteroatom musk compound and 7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-5H-cyclopenta[h]quinazoline, wherein the heteroatom musk compound is 4,4a,5,6,7,8,9,9b-octahydro-7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-indeno[4,5-d]-1,3-dioxin; 1,1,2,3,3-pentamethyl-2,5,6,7-tetrahydroinden-4-one; and 7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-6,6a,7,8,9,9a-hexahydro-5H-cyclopenta[h]quinazoline.

[0150] 8. The fragrance composition of embodiment 7, wherein the composition is composed of: 40 wt% to 45 wt% of 4,4a,5,6,7,8,9,9b-octahydro-7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-indeno[4,5-d]-1,3-dioxin; 5 wt% to 15 wt% of 1,1,2,3,3-pentamethyl-2,5,6,7-tetrahydroinden-4-one; 40 wt% to 45 wt% of 7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-6,6a,7,8,9,9a-hexahydro-5H-cyclopenta[h]quinazoline; and 0.1 wt% to 5 wt% of 7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-5H-cyclopenta[h]quinazoline.

[0151] 9. The fragrance composition of embodiment 1, wherein the sleep improvement comprises at least one or more sleep benefits selected from the list comprising: improved sleep quality, increased total sleep time, reduced awakening after falling asleep (WASO), reduced proportion of awakening time after falling asleep (% awakenings), increased duration of deep sleep (N3 / N4), increased proportion of time spent in deep sleep (N3 / N4), increased duration of REM sleep, increased proportion of time spent in REM sleep, increased duration of light sleep (N1 / N2), increased proportion of time spent in light sleep (N1 / N2), increased sleep efficiency, increased sleep maintenance, reduced number of awakenings during sleep, reduced falling asleep, increased feeling of being well rested, increased feeling of being refreshed upon and / or after waking up, increased feeling of being restored, increased feeling of being ready to start the day, reduced feeling of daytime sleepiness, or a combination thereof, preferably the sleep benefit is biometrically measured or perceived.

[0152] 10. The fragrance composition of embodiment 1, wherein the fragrance ingredient is pure fragrance (i.e., unencapsulated fragrance), encapsulated fragrance, or a combination thereof, preferably wherein the encapsulated fragrance is encapsulated by microcapsules having a biodegradability of at least 60 wt% within 60 days according to OECD 301F.

[0153] 11. The flavor composition of embodiment 1, further comprising at least 1, at least 2, at least 3, at least 4, at least 5, at least 6, at least 7, at least 8, at least 9, or at least 10 additional flavor ingredients selected from the group consisting of: n-decyl aldehyde; undecylenic aldehyde; undecylenic aldehyde; lauric aldehyde; methyl nonane acetaldehyde; food grade octanal; isononyl aldehyde; food grade nonanal; nonenal 1% / TEC; dodecanal (dodecane aldehyde); isononyl aldehyde; tangerine aldehyde; trans-4-decenal, DECENAL-4-TRANS10% / TEC; dihydrofarnesaldehyde; dodecanal; myrcene; red orange ester; succinic acetal; ambroxan acetal; superb ambroxol; imperial ambroxan; ambroxan ether; ambroxan furan; belambra; ethoxymethoxycycloundecane; liquid cedryl acetate liquid; methyl cedryl ether; ambroxan ether; ambroxanone; caraflor; gafilix; termube alcohol; shumoufu; animal 1745SUBST.PMF 2; juniper oil, flavor, extract, substitute, substitute; guaiacol; indole; indole; indoleene; anethole; anise oil; anisealdehyde; anise acetate; dihydroanethole; estragole; sweet fennel oil, flavor, extract, base, substitute or substitute; sweet fennel oil DQ(AC)N 41632TT; sweet fennel oil; and technical sweet fennel oil; benzoin oil, essence, extract, substitute or substitute; benzyl alcohol; benzyl cinnamate; frankincense oil, essence, extract, substitute or substitute; tumbler oil; phenylethyl phenylacetate; artemisia oil, essence, extract, substitute or substitute; camphor and camphor oil, essence, extract, substitute or substitute; eucalyptus and eucalyptus oil, essence, extract, substitute or substitute; lavender oil, essence, extract, substitute or substitute; lavender oil, extract, essence, substitute or substitute; rosemary oil, essence, extract, substitute or substitute; and thuja oil, essence Essence, extracts, substitutes or replacements; phenylacetaldehyde glycerol acetal; amyl cinnamaldehyde; amyl salicylate; nerolidol pure benzyl acetate; benzyl salicylate; borax aldehyde; citronellol; citronellol acetate; p-cresol methyl ether; special rabbit ear grass aldehyde; cyclohexanal; cyclohexyl salicylate; dimethyl anthranilate; dimethyl phenethyl alcohol; dobicar; ethyl linalool; lily of the valley pyran; high purity lily of the valley pyran; geraniol; geranyl oil, essence, extract, substitute or replacement; geranyl; geranyl acetate; geranyl butyrate; methyl dihydrojasmonate; high purity methyl dihydrojasmonate; cis-3-hexenyl salicylate; hexyl cinnamaldehyde; hexyl cinnamaldehyde DQ AC XI 41505TT; Hexyl salicylate; Hydroxycitronellal; Isobutyl phenylacetate; Isobutyl salicylate; Hexylcyclopentanone; Jasmine oil, essence, extract, substitute or substitute; Cis-jasmone; Jasmonate; Jasmine pyran; Lilial and lilial substitutes; Linalool; Phenylhexanol; Methyl anthranilate; Methyl anthranilate, special grade; Methyl benzoate; Methyl phenylacetate;Neroli oil, essence, extract, substitute or replacement; 2-naphthyl ethyl ether crystal; 1-(3-methyl-benzofuranyl) ethanone; orange oil, essence, extract, substitute or replacement; orange flower crystal; iris orange flower fragrance 1103 / 20; tetrahydrogeraniol; peony nitrile; light pink floral fragrance; phenethyl acetate; phenethyl alcohol; phenethyl isovalerate; phenethyl salicylate crystal; crystal rose fragrance; 9-decene-1-ol; rose oil, essence, extract, substitute or replacement; ultra-pure lily of the valley; pure terpineol; tetrahydrolinalool; linalool; β-naphthol methyl ether; ylang-ylang oil, flavor, extract, substitute or substitute; hexyl acetate; o-tert-butyl cyclohexyl acetate; galbanum ester; allyl hexanoate; pineapple ester; allyl heptanoate; amyl butyrate; aferman ester; apple oil, flavor, extract, substitute or substitute; banana oil, flavor, extract, substitute or substitute; benzyl butyrate; benzyl isobutyrate; benzyl propionate; butyl acetate; butyric acid; blackcurrant oil, flavor, extract, substitute or substitute; extra white connive oil DQ (AC) 41547TT; galbanum ester; large α-damascenone; β-damascenone; δ-damascenone; δ-decanoic acid; γ-decanoic acid; diethyl malonate; dimethylbenzyl acetate; dimethylbenzyl butyrate; δ-dodecalactone; γ-dodecalactone; ethyl acetoacetate; ethyl butyrate; ethyl hexanoate; ethyl octanoate; ethyl isoamyl ketone; ethyl isobutyrate; ethyl 2-methylbutyrate; ethyl heptanoate; ethyl nonanoate; ethyl propionate; ethyl crocetin; tricyclodecenyl propionate; strawberry ester; apple ester; fruity ester; triisobutyrate Cyclodecene esters; Chivathone; Guava oil, flavor, extract, substitute or substitute; cis-3-hexenyl butyrate; cis-3-hexenyl isobutyrate; Hexyl butyrate; Hexyl isobutyrate; Isoamyl acetate, special grade; Isoamyl butyrate FR; Tricyclodecenyl acid; Matricarbide; Melon oil, flavor, extract, substitute or substitute; Methoxyphenyl butanone; Pure methyl heptenone; Methyl hexyl ketone; Methyl-2-pentenoic acid; Chrysanthene; Gamma-octalactone; Pure peach; Phenoxyethyl isobutyrate; Phenethyl isobutyrate; Coconut aldehyde; Raspberry ketone (N 112); and pure strawberry; amyl vinyl carbinol; ocimene; acetoin; acetyl pyrazine; benzaldehyde; butyl butyrolactate; chocolate oil, flavor, extract, substitute or replacement; dry methylcyclopentenolone; methylcyclopentenolone; ethyl maltol; homofuranone; hydroxyethyl methylthiazole; vanillyl butyrate; and isobutyric maltol ester; acetal E; hexanol; food grade hexanal; sec-butylquinoline; privet aldehyde; Diphenyl ether; Alinthal; Ethyl decadienoate; Ethyl dimethyl pyrazine; 1-(3,3 / 5,5-dimethylcyclohex-1-en-1-4-yl)pent-4-en-1-one; Styraxyl acetate; trans-2-hexenal; trans-2-hexenol; cis-3-hexenol; cis-3-hexenyl acetate; cis-3-hexenyl benzoate; cis-3-hexenyl propionate; Isocyclocitral; Isohexylmethoxypyrazine;Greening phenol; methyl 2-[[(2,4-dimethyl-3-cyclohexen-1-yl)methylene]amino]benzoate; Marselaldehyde; methyl octyne carbonate; neoformyl ester; nonadienal; 2,6-nonadienol; cis-6-nonenal; cis-6-nonenol; orange leaf oil, flavor, extract, substitute or substitute; phenoxyacetaldehyde; phenylacetaldehyde; pyralone; Risda; rose oxide; aromatic rose oxide; oleagin; tricyclic terpene aldehyde; grass green aldehyde; undecadiene; methyl decenol; violet nitrile; phenylacetaldehyde dimethyl acetal; basil oil, flavor, extract, substitute or substitute; chamomile oil, flavor, extract, substitute or substitute; citronellal; clary sage oil, flavor, extract, substitute or substitute; cypress; eucalyptus oil, extract , flavors, substitutes or replacements; lavandinol; pinoacetaldehyde; 1-cyclooctane-1 (or 3)-enyl ethyl ketone; thyme oil, flavors, extracts, substitutes or replacements; thymol crystals; adoxaldehyde; bromoperidol; watermelon ketone 1951; anisealdehyde; sea breeze aldehyde; anthocyanin aldehyde; melon aldehyde; breeze aldehyde; new jasmine aldehyde; and fresh grass aldehyde; buchu leaf oil, flavors, extracts, substitutes or replacements; L-carvone; wild mint oil, flavors, extracts, substitutes or replacements; fresh menthone; isomenthone DL; L-menthol; menthol-DL; menthone; menthyl acetate; mint oil, flavors, extracts, substitutes or replacements; and spearmint oil, flavors, extracts, substitutes or replacements; hibiscus lactone; cashmeran ketone; Tianlai Musk; Cyclopentadecalactone; Brassic acid glycol ester; Galaxanol; Galaxanol S; Cyclopentadecenolide; Muskenone; Musk C14; Serenolide; Cyclohexadecanolide; (E)-2-((3,5-dimethylhex-3-en-2-yl)oxy)-2-methylpropylcyclopropanecarboxylate; Cyclohexadecenone; Allylionone; Dihydro-β-ionone; β-ionone; α-ionone; Pure ionone; α-isomethylionone 70; α-isomethylionone 95; Olivetone; Angeluk; Thiomenthone; Sulfur-1-methyl-4-(1-methylvinyl)cyclohexene; Dimethyl sulfide; Cyclic amine; Rabinoxine; Mercaptan; Methylisopropylthiazole; Nardozest oil, essence, extract, substitute Substitutes or replacements; Special grade 2,7-dimethyl-10-(1-methylethyl)-1-oxaspiro[4.5]dec-3,6-diene; Norvanillamine 1% triacetin; Oxane; Fruit amide; Pulegone; Acetophenone; p-Anisaldehyde; Bicyclononalactone; Coumarin; Ethyl lactate; Ethyl vanillin; Heliotropin; Vanilla oil, flavor, extract, substitute or replacement; Vanillin; Vanilla pod oil, flavor, extract, substitute or replacement; Veratraldehyde; Borneol; Liquid Bornyl acetate; p-tert-butyl cyclohexanol; p-tert-butyl cyclohexyl acetate; Cedarwood oil, flavor, extract, substitute or replacement; Kanglifa ester; Ebony alcohol; Oakmoss; Humulanyl acetate; Guaiac wood oil, flavor, extract, substitute or replacement; Isononyl acetate;Java sandalwood; high-calendulol; dihydroabietol acetate; methyl cedryl ketone; nopine acetate; safflower alcohol; octadecyl formate; patchouli oil, essence, extract, substitute or substitute; α-pinene; β-pinene; sandalwood alcohol; super sandalwood alcohol; turpentine oil, essence, extract, substitute or substitute; methyl cedryl ketone; and vetiver oil, essence, extract, substitute or substitute; dodecanal; and menthyl acetate. ;

[0154] 12. The fragrance composition of embodiment 1, wherein the composition is substantially free or essentially free of one or more macrocyclic musk compounds.

[0155] 13. A consumer product comprising the fragrance composition of embodiment 1, wherein the consumer product is an air care product, a home care product, a personal care product, a hygiene product, a pet care product, a hygienic product, a premium fragrance, a hair care product, or a beauty care product.

[0156] 14. A method for improving at least one sleep benefit in a subject, wherein the method comprises: providing the subject with a fragrance composition as described in Example 1 or a consumer product as described in Example 13 in an amount effective to improve the at least one sleep benefit, preferably wherein the fragrance composition or the consumer product is: (i) sprayed or applied to the subject; (ii) sprayed or applied to interior decoration or fabric, preferably bedding, clothing, blanket or pillowcase; and / or (iii) dispersed or diffused into the air.

[0157] 15. A method as described in embodiment 14, wherein the at least one sleep benefit is selected from the group consisting of: improved sleep quality, increased total sleep time, reduced awakenings after sleep onset (WASO), reduced proportion of awakening time after sleep onset (% awakenings), increased deep sleep (N3 / N4) duration, increased proportion of time spent in deep sleep (N3 / N4), increased REM sleep duration, increased proportion of time spent in REM sleep, increased light sleep (N1 / N2) duration, increased proportion of time spent in light sleep (N1 / 2), increased sleep efficiency, increased sleep maintenance, reduced number of awakenings during sleep, reduced sleep onset, increased feeling of being well rested, increased feeling of being refreshed upon and / or after waking up, increased feeling of being restored, increased feeling of being ready to start a new day, reduced feeling of daytime sleepiness, or a combination thereof, preferably wherein the sleep benefit is biometrically measured or perceived.

[0158] Examples

[0159] The following examples are provided to further illustrate the present invention but should not be construed as limiting the invention as many variations of the invention are possible without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention.

[0160] Example 1: Preparation of fragrance and unscented control compositions

[0161] Fragrance Examples 1 and 2, respectively, provided below in Tables 1 and 2, are non-limiting examples of formulations of fragrance compositions according to the present disclosure. Unscented Example 1, provided in Table 3, is a control that is not within the scope of the present disclosure. The following fragrance formulations are made by blending the listed ingredients in the listed proportions at room temperature.

[0162] Table 1 - Fragrance Example 1

[0163]

[0164] Table 2 - Fragrance Example 2

[0165]

[0166] Table 3 - No fragrance example 1

[0167] Element Wt% Castor Oil Hydrogenated PEG-40 1.5％ Isopropyl myristate(IPM) 0.5％ A1coho140 10％ <![CDATA[Proxel TM GXL(preservative)]]> 0.05％ Distilled water 87.95％

[0168] The fragrance examples were applied to the participants via pillow spray applications. The pillow spray applications were prepared as described in Table 4. In order to construct the pillow spray application, each fragrance composition (fragrance example 1 or example 2) was first mixed with isopropyl myristate (IPM), and then mixed with castor oil hydrogenated PEG-4 according to the percentage defined in Table 4. The remaining ingredients were then added to prepare the final formulation. For the fragrance samples, 20 mL of the formulation in a 2 ounce white HDPE plastic bottle (supplied by Brad Pak Enterprises in Garwood, New Jersey) with a fine mist sprayer cap was provided to each subject. The subjects also received a fragrance-free sample in a similar bottle. Both samples studied were blindly coded.

[0169] Table 4 - Pillow Spray Formulations

[0170] Element Wt% Castor Oil Hydrogenated PEG-40 1.5％ Isopropyl myristate(IPM) 0.27％ spices 0.23％ A1coho140 10％ <![CDATA[Proxel TM GXL(preservative)]]> 0.05％ Distilled water 87.95％

[0171] IFF's Global Regulatory Affairs (GRA) reviewed and approved all fragrance compositions used in the study, ensuring they were safe for use in human subjects at the specific dosage of 0.5% in a pillow spray application.

[0172] Example 2: Improving sleep with a fragrance composition

[0173] The purpose of this example is to illustrate the sleep benefits of using the fragrance composition of the present disclosure. Two sleep studies were conducted. The participants in the study were aged between 18 and 60 years old and were generally healthy, with self-reported mild sleep disturbances caused by lifestyle factors, but no records of clinical sleep disorders. In addition, the participants did not have unstable sleep patterns or schedules. Study 1 (using fragrance example 1) included 51 participants, including 27 women and 24 men, aged between 22 and 55 years old. Study 2 (using fragrance example 2) included 52 participants, including 29 women and 23 men, aged between 20 and 57 years old. During the study and three weeks before the start of the study, the participants did not take any kind of sleep aids or drugs that affect sleep. These studies were conducted in the participants' own bedrooms, and the participants were encouraged to maintain their habitual sleep schedules throughout the duration of the study. All participants provided informed consent before participating, and the Western Institutional Review Board (WIRB) reviewed and approved all research procedures, including participant recruitment.

[0174] Provide SleepScore to all participants TM Max device (SleepScore Labs, Carlsbad, CA) along with setup instructions and an anonymous user account. All participants were asked to TM Max application from app store to their smartphone and then use SleepScore TM Max App vs. SleepScore TM Max device. Once paired, place the unit between 1.3 and 3.9 feet (i.e., arm's length) from the participant. The bottom of the unit should be just above the top of the mattress, with no objects placed between the unit and the participant. Avoid objects with moving parts (e.g., fans) near the unit to ensure minimal distractions. Maintain the bedroom at room temperature (i.e., 25°C-28°C) and 38%-85% relative humidity. Using SleepScore TM Max device to monitor participants' sleep behavior. SleepScore TM The Data View platform downloads nightly aggregated data for the system.

[0175] Figure 1The design for the study is shown. Participants used 3 night / day familiarization periods at the beginning of the study to familiarize themselves with the fragrance examples, the unscented control, and the application mode. Each study started on Monday of any given week and ran for a total of 3 weeks and was divided into 3 phases: (i) Baseline Phase ("BL"; Week 1); (ii) Product Use Phase 1 ("PUP1"; Week 2); and (iii) Product Use Phase 2 ("PUP2"; Week 3). The order of presentation between the unscented control and the scented samples was balanced across participants.

[0176] On any given night in the study, participants were asked to apply 3 sprays to their pillowcases prior to bedtime and complete the following Figure 2 Before turning off the lights, participants were asked to complete a bedtime questionnaire using the SleepScore TM Max app to turn on sleep tracking. In the morning, participants were asked to turn off sleep tracking as soon as they woke up. Participants were also asked to complete the following steps after fully waking up but before they began their morning routine. Figure 3 All questionnaires were collected using a web-based data collection software. Completed electronically. The bedtime questionnaire was set to expire at 2 a.m., and the morning questionnaire was set to expire at 12 p.m., after which participants could not complete the questionnaire. Participants did not have access to their responses from the previous day or days when completing the questionnaire. In addition, participants were asked to complete the questionnaire based on their own sleep experience, without reference to SleepScore TM Sleep measurements were displayed on the Max app. Participants were also asked to complete Figure 4A and 4B The product usage questionnaire surveyed participants’ experiences with the products used in the previous nights.

[0177] Continue to refer Figure 1 During the BL phase, participants were asked to use the SleepScore TM During PUP1 and PUP2, participants were asked to use the SleepScore TM Max devices tracked their sleep and completed bedtime and morning questionnaires. Figure 1 Participants were also asked to use Control Example 1 or Fragrance Example 1 and / or 2 according to the instructions in the study. The first three nights (Friday to Sunday) were considered familiarization nights. The PUP phase ran from Friday night until the following Thursday night. These studies were conducted blindly so that participants did not know whether they were receiving the Control Example or the Fragrance Example.

[0178] Prior to any statistical analysis, the results of the study were selected to remove outliers. All data from the familiar night were excluded from the statistical analysis. Given the nested structure of the data (nights within subjects), nightly objective sleep data as well as bedtime and morning self-reports were analyzed in R (version 4.1) using multilevel regression analysis. An alpha level of 0.05 was used in the one-tailed test. The following regression model was used:

[0179] Sleep parameters ij =Control 0i +β*Testing Cycle ij

[0180] Observations during control or baseline use were coded as 0, and nights during active fragrance use were coded as 1. For both self-report and objective data, analyses included within-subject comparisons of night or day during the fragrance instance use and control instance use phases (during which participants tracked their sleep and fully adhered to the instructions provided to report use on the previous night). Secondary analyses were also performed using the same methods but using BL as the control condition. If the distribution of the amounts of sleep onset latency (SOL) and / or wake time after sleep onset (WASO) was skewed and did not meet the normality assumptions required for statistical testing, log transformations were applied prior to analysis.

[0181] Table 5 summarizes the SleepScore used in Study 1. TM Biometric measurement parameters of the Max device. The results showed that participants exposed to the fragrance Example 1 of the present disclosure had an improvement in sleep quantity and / or quality as compared to the control Example 1. Similar results were observed for self-report measures (data not shown).

[0182] Table 5 - Fragrance Example 1 versus Control Example 1 (Biometric Measurements)

[0183]

[0184] 1 The Sleep Score (1-100) is an overall measure of your overall sleep quality and is based on nightly sleep data for all participants and normalized for age and gender.

[0185] 2 The body score (1-100) is a metric that indicates how restorative sleep was physically. The score takes into account deep sleep and is normalized for age and gender.

[0186] 3 Sleep Onset Latency (min) is the time it takes to fall asleep.

[0187] 4WASO (minutes) is the time spent awake after initially falling asleep (WASO) during the night.

[0188] 5 Sleep efficiency (0-100) is the percentage of time spent asleep in bed during the night.

[0189] 6 Sleep maintenance (0-100) is the percentage of time spent in bed asleep during the night, after excluding the time spent asleep from the time in bed.

[0190] 7 Deep sleep time (minutes) is the total time spent in the deep sleep stage during the night.

[0191] 8 % Depth (0-100) is the percentage of total sleep time spent in deep sleep stages.

[0192] The results presented in Table 5 show the beneficial effects on sleep from exposure to Fragrance Example 1. When exposed to Fragrance Example 1, participants fell asleep faster (-2.7 minutes, -19%, p < 0.01) and spent less time awakening during the night (-4.9 minutes, 19%, p < 0.05) compared to Control Example 1. As a result, participants improved their sleep efficiency (+1.8%, p < 0.01) and sleep maintenance (+1.1%, p < 0.05). Participants also spent more time in deep sleep, both in absolute time (+4.9 minutes, +6%, p < 0.05) and relative measurement (+1.5%, p < 0.05%). As a result, overall improvements in sleep scores (+2, +3%, p < 0.05) and body scores (+1.8, +2%, p < 0.05) were observed with Fragrance Example 1 compared to Control Example 1.

[0193] Table 6 summarizes the SleepScore used in Study 2. TM Biometric measurement parameters of the Max device. Table 7 summarizes the self-report measures for Study 2. The results indicate that the amount and quality of sleep of participants exposed to the fragrance Example 2 of the present disclosure was improved as compared to the control Example 1.

[0194] Table 6 - Fragrance Example 2 versus Control Example 1 (Biometric Measurements)

[0195]

[0196] 1 The Sleep Score (1-100) is an overall measure of your overall sleep quality and is based on nightly sleep data for all participants and normalized for age and gender.

[0197] 2Sleep Onset Latency (min) is the time it takes to fall asleep.

[0198] 3 WASO (minutes) is the time spent awake after initially falling asleep (WASO) during the night.

[0199] 4 Sleep efficiency (0-100) is the percentage of time spent asleep in bed during the night.

[0200] 5 Sleep maintenance (0-100) is the percentage of time spent in bed asleep during the night, after excluding the time spent asleep from the time in bed.

[0201] Table 7 - Fragrance Example 2 versus Control Example 1 (Self-reported measure)

[0202]

[0203] 1 Sleep quality (0-10) is a self-report measure scored on a scale from 0-10, where 0 represents poor sleep quality and 10 represents excellent sleep quality.

[0204] 2 Feeling well-rested (0-10) is a self-report measure scored on a scale from 0-10, where 0 means feeling not well-rested and 10 means feeling very well-rested.

[0205] 3 Feeling refreshed (0-10) is a self-report measure scored on a scale from 0-10, where 0 means not feeling refreshed and 10 means feeling very refreshed.

[0206] The results presented in Table 6 show the beneficial effects on sleep from exposure to Fragrance Example 2. Participants fell asleep faster (-2.4 minutes, -15%, p<0.05). Thus, when exposed to Fragrance Example 2, participants reported an overall improvement in sleep quality (+0.3, +4%, p<0.05) and felt more rested (+0.3, +4%, p<0.01) and more refreshed (+0.2, +4%, p<0.05) in the morning compared to Control Example 1.

[0207] Example 3: Improving Sleep with Exemplary Fragrance Compositions

[0208] The effect of a third exemplary fragrance, Fragrance Example 3 (see Table 8, formulated as described in Example 1) on sleep was evaluated according to the methods described in Examples 1 and 2. Fragrance Example 3 was tested in a pillow spray at half the dose tested for Fragrance Examples 1 and 2 (see Example 1) and compared to an unscented control pillow spray (unscented Example 2, see Table 10). The study included 51 participants, including 32 women and 19 men, aged between 20-60 years old.

[0209] Table 8 - Fragrance Example 3

[0210]

[0211]

[0212] Table 9 - Scented Pillow Spray Formulations

[0213] Element Wt% Castor Oil Hydrogenated PEG-40 0.75％ Isopropyl myristate(IPM) 0.14％ Spice Example 3 0.11％ Alcohol40 1 0％ <![CDATA[Proxel TM GXL(preservative)]]> 0.05％ Distilled water 88.95％

[0214] Table 10 - Unscented Example 2 Pillow Spray

[0215] Element Wt% Castor Oil Hydrogenated PEG-40 0.75％ Isopropyl myristate(IPM) 0.25％ Alcohol40 10％ <![CDATA[Proxel TM GXL(preservative)]]> 0.05％ Distilled water 88.95％

[0216] Table 11 summarizes the SleepScore used in the study TM Biometric measurement parameters of the Max device. The results, as presented in Table 11, indicate that low doses of exemplary compounds described herein can beneficially affect sleep, for example, as compared to Examples 1 and 2.

[0217] Table 11 - Fragrance Example 3 vs. Unscented Example 2 (Biometric Measurements)

[0218]

[0219] 1 The Sleep Score (1-100) is an overall measure of your overall sleep quality and is based on nightly sleep data for all participants and normalized for age and gender.

[0220] 2 The body score (1-100) is a metric that indicates how restorative sleep was physically. The score takes into account deep sleep and is normalized for age and gender.

[0221] 3 Sleep Onset Latency (min) is the time it takes to fall asleep.

[0222] 4 WASO (minutes) is the time spent awake after initially falling asleep (WASO) during the night.

[0223] 5Sleep efficiency (0-100) is the percentage of time spent asleep in bed during the night.

[0224] 6 Sleep maintenance (0-100) is the percentage of time spent in bed asleep during the night, after excluding the time spent asleep from the time in bed.

[0225] 7 Deep sleep time (minutes) is the total time spent in the deep sleep stage during the night.

[0226] Exposure to Fragrance Example 3 resulted in an improvement in body scores (+1.8, +2%, p<0.05) compared to Unscented Example 2, indicating that participants experienced increased time during deep sleep. Table 11 shows a trend for participants to have increased time in deep sleep.

[0227] Fragrance Example 2 (see Table 2) was also tested at 0.11 wt% (half the dose tested in Examples 1 and 2; see Table 4) in a pillow spray and compared with Control Example 1 according to the method described in Example 2. The study included 32 participants, including 24 women and 8 men, aged between 23 and 60 years old. The results are shown in Table 12.

[0228] Table 12: Fragrance Example 2 vs. Control Example 1 (Biometric Measurement)

[0229]

[0230] 1 The Sleep Score (1-100) is an overall measure of your overall sleep quality and is based on nightly sleep data for all participants and normalized for age and gender.

[0231] 2 The mental score (1-100) is a measure that indicates how mentally restorative sleep was. The score takes into account REM sleep and is normalized for age and gender.

[0232] 3 REM sleep time (minutes) is the total time spent in the REM sleep stage during the night.

[0233] 4 Sleep efficiency (0-100) is the percentage of time spent asleep in bed during the night.

[0234] 5 Sleep maintenance (0-100) is the percentage of time spent in bed asleep during the night, after excluding the time spent asleep from the time in bed.

[0235] As shown in Table 12, the lower dose of fragrance Example 2 (compared to the test doses in Examples 1 and 2) also improved the sleep benefits, with improvements observed in REM sleep time, sleep efficiency, and sleep maintenance. Increases in sleep scores and mental scores demonstrated an overall improvement in sleep quality. Consistent with objective measures, when using fragrance Example 2 at low doses, participants also self-reported less disturbance, improved sleep quality, and feeling refreshed (p<0.05 for all self-report measures).

[0236] These data demonstrate that the combinations of exemplary compounds described herein provide sleep improvements over a range of concentrations.

[0237] Example 4: Robustness of sleep improving composition

[0238] The ability of the sleep improving fragrance compositions to maintain their sleep improving benefits when formulated with additional ingredients that lack sleep benefits was evaluated.

[0239] First, an existing exemplary full fragrance (EFF1) containing 7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-5H-cyclopentadien and [h] quinazoline was tested according to the method of Example 2 to determine whether it has an effect on sleep. As shown in Table 13, EFF1 was formulated into a pillow spray to produce a concentration of 0.00475wt% of 7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-5H-cyclopentadien and [h] quinazoline in the pillow spray. The study included 54 participants, including 27 women and 27 men, aged between 21 and 60 years old.

[0240] Table 13 - Pillow spray formulations for EFF1

[0241] Element Wt% Castor Oil Hydrogenated PEG-40 1.5％ EFF1 0.5％ Alcohol 40 10％ <![CDATA[Proxel TM GXL(preservative)]]> 0.05％ Distilled water 87.95％

[0242] Table 14 summarizes the SleepScore values ​​used for EFF1 and Control Example 1. TM Biometric measurement parameters of Max devices.

[0243] Table 14 - EFF1 relative to Control Example 1 (Biometric Measurements)

[0244]

[0245] 1 The Sleep Score (1-100) is an overall measure of your overall sleep quality and is based on nightly sleep data for all participants and normalized for age and gender.

[0246] 2 The mental score (1-100) is a measure that indicates how mentally restorative sleep was. The score takes into account REM sleep and is normalized for age and gender.

[0247] 3 Sleep Onset Latency (min) is the time it takes to fall asleep.

[0248] 4 WASO (minutes) is the time spent awake after initially falling asleep (WASO) during the night.

[0249] 5 Sleep efficiency (0-100) is the percentage of time spent asleep in bed during the night.

[0250] 6 Sleep maintenance (0-100) is the percentage of time spent in bed asleep during the night, after excluding the time spent asleep from the time in bed.

[0251] 7 REM sleep time (minutes) is the total time spent in the REM sleep stage during the night.

[0252] 8 %REM (0-100) is the percentage of total sleep time spent in the REM sleep stage.

[0253] The results, as presented in Table 14, indicate that EFF1 has no beneficial effects on sleep. The effects of formulating EFF1 with Fragrance Example 1 on sleep were next evaluated.

[0254] Fragrance Example 1 (see Table 1) described in Example 1 was formulated with EFF1 into a pillow spray as shown in Table 15 to form a mixed composition (MXC).

[0255] Table 15 - Pillow Spray Formulation: Mixed Composition (MXC)

[0256] Element Wt% Castor Oil Hydrogenated PEG-40 3％ Isopropyl myristate (IPM) 0.27％ Spice Example 1 0.23％ EFF1 0.5％ Alcohol 40 10％ <![CDATA[Proxel TM GXL(preservative)]]> 0.05％ Distilled water 85.95％

[0257] The sleep study was conducted similarly to that described in Example 2. Thirty-one (31) participants (2 males, 29 females) aged between 18 and 60 years had self-reported mild sleep disturbances caused by lifestyle factors, but no records of clinical sleep disorders were included in the study. Participants had normal sense of smell, no allergies, and were not taking medications that affect sleep. In addition, participants did not have erratic sleep patterns or schedules. Participants did not take any kind of sleep aids or medications that affect sleep during the study and three weeks before the start of the study.

[0258] Figure 5The design for the study is shown. Participants used a 3 night / day familiarization period at the beginning of the study to familiarize themselves with MXC or the unscented control (Control Example 1) and the application mode. The study was conducted for two weeks, with the first three days of each week dedicated to familiarization with MXC or Control Example 1. Sleep measurements were taken on the last four days of each week. The order of presentation between the unscented control and the MXC samples was balanced across participants.

[0259] Table 16 summarizes the SleepScore values ​​used for MXC and Control Example 1. TM Biometric measurement parameters of Max devices.

[0260] Table 16 - MXC relative to Control Example 1 (Biometric Measurements)

[0261]

[0262] 1 The Sleep Score (1-100) is an overall measure of your overall sleep quality and is based on nightly sleep data for all participants and normalized for age and gender.

[0263] 2 The mental score (1-100) is a measure that indicates how mentally restorative sleep was. The score takes into account REM sleep and is normalized for age and gender.

[0264] 3 Sleep Onset Latency (min) is the time it takes to fall asleep.

[0265] 4 WASO (minutes) is the time spent awake after initially falling asleep (WASO) during the night.

[0266] 5 Sleep efficiency (0-100) is the percentage of time spent asleep in bed during the night.

[0267] 6 Sleep maintenance (0-100) is the percentage of time spent in bed asleep during the night, after excluding the time spent asleep from the time in bed.

[0268] 7 REM sleep time (minutes) is the total time spent in the REM sleep stage during the night.

[0269] 8 %REM (0-100) is the percentage of total sleep time spent in the REM sleep stage.

[0270] As shown in Table 16, adding Fragrance Example 1 to EFF1 resulted in a broad improvement in sleep parameters, with improvements in total sleep time and REM sleep time. An overall improvement in sleep quality was demonstrated by increases in sleep scores and mental scores. Consistent with objective measures, participants also self-reported fewer interruptions during the night (-0.3, -18%, p < 0.05) and longer sleep duration (+16.8 minutes, +4.2%, p < 0.01).

[0271] These data show that fragrances with sleep-improving activity remain robust when formulated with fragrances lacking sleep-improving benefits. Thus, the compounds and compositions described herein can be formulated with ingredients lacking sleep-improving benefits to produce sleep-improving fragrance compositions.

[0272] It should be understood that each maximum numerical limit given throughout this specification includes each lower numerical limit, as if such lower numerical limits were explicitly written herein. Each minimum numerical limit given throughout this specification will include each higher numerical limit, as if such higher numerical limits were explicitly written herein. Each numerical range given throughout this specification will include each narrower numerical range that falls within such wider numerical range, as if such narrower numerical range.

[0273] The dimensions and values ​​disclosed herein should not be understood as being strictly limited to the exact numerical values ​​recited. Instead, unless otherwise specified, each such dimension is intended to mean the recited value and a functionally equivalent range around that value. For example, a dimension disclosed as "40 mm" is intended to mean "about 40 mm".

[0274] Each document cited herein, including any cross-referenced or related patent or application and any patent application or patent to which this application claims priority or the benefit of, is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety unless expressly excluded or otherwise limited. The citation of any document is not an admission that it is prior art with respect to any invention disclosed or claimed herein, nor is it an admission that it alone or in any combination with any one or more other references teaches, suggests, or discloses any such invention. In addition, to the extent that any meaning or definition of a term in this document conflicts with any meaning or definition of the same term in a document incorporated by reference, the meaning or definition assigned to that term in this document shall govern.

[0275] Although specific embodiments of the present disclosure have been illustrated and described, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various other changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure. Therefore, it is intended that all such changes and modifications within the scope of the present disclosure be covered in the appended claims.

Claims

1. A fragrance composition for improving sleep, comprising one or more compounds having a main chain structure of formula (I): in: Each open position of the backbone structure is independently optionally substituted; is a single bond or a double bond; and The six-membered ring of formula (I) contains 0-3 double bonds; and The one or more compounds comprising a backbone structure of formula (I) are present in a total concentration greater than 0.05 wt % of the total weight of the composition.

2. The flavor composition according to claim 1, wherein The main chain structure of the formula (I) has the following structure:

3. The flavor composition according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein At least one of the one or more compounds comprising a main chain structure of formula (I) is a heteroatom musk compound.

4. The flavor composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein The fragrance composition comprises at least 2, 3, 4, or 5 compounds comprising the backbone structure of the formula (I), and optionally at least 3 compounds comprising the backbone structure of the formula (I).

5. The flavor composition according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein The composition comprises the one or more compounds comprising a backbone structure of formula (I) at a total concentration ranging from about 0.1 wt % to about 100 wt % of the total weight of the composition.

6. A fragrance composition for sleep improvement, comprising one or more heteroatom musk compounds, wherein the one or more heteroatom musk compounds are present in a total concentration of greater than 0.05 wt% of the total weight of the composition.

7. The flavor composition according to claim 6, wherein At least one of the one or more heteroatom musk compounds comprises a main chain structure of formula (I): in: Each open position of the backbone structure is independently optionally substituted; is a single bond or a double bond; and The six-membered ring of formula (I) contains 0 to 3 double bonds.

8. The flavor composition according to claim 6 or claim 7, wherein At least 2, 3, 4, or 5 of the one or more heteroatom musk compounds contain the main chain structure of the formula (I), and optionally at least 3 of the heteroatom musk compounds contain the main chain structure of the formula (I).

9. The flavor composition according to any one of claims 6 to 8, wherein The composition comprises one or more heteroatom musk compounds at a total concentration ranging from about 0.1 wt % to about 100 wt % of the total weight of the composition.

10. The fragrance composition of any one of claims 1 to 9, further comprising at least one acyclic musk compound.

11. The flavor composition according to claim 10, wherein The at least one acyclic musk compound is present in a total concentration of at least 0.0025 wt % based on the total weight of the composition.

12. The flavor composition according to claim 10 or claim 11, wherein The mass ratio of the one or more heteroatom musk compounds or the one or more compounds comprising a main chain structure of formula (I) to the at least one non-cyclic musk compound is between about 55:1 and 45:1 or 52:1 and 47:

1.

13. The flavor composition according to any one of claims 1 to 5 and 10 to 12, wherein The one or more compounds containing the main chain structure of formula (I) are one or more of the following: 7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-6,6a,7,8,9,9a-hexahydro-5H-cyclopentadien[h]quinazoline; 4,4a,5,6,7,8,9,9b-octahydro-7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-indeno[4,5-d]-1,3-dioxin; 1,1,2,3,3-pentamethyl-2,5,6,7-tetrahydroindene-4-one; 7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-5H-cyclopentadien[h]quinazoline; dio[h]quinazoline; 2,2,6,6,7,8,8-heptamethyl-3a,5,6,7,8,8b-hexahydro-4H-indeno[4,5-d][1,3]dioxole; 4,6,6,7,8,8-hexamethyl-1,3,4,6,7,8-hexahydrocyclopenta[g]isochromene; 2,2,6,6,7,8,8-heptamethyldecahydro-2H-indeno[4,5-b]furan; 2,6,6,7,8,8-hexamethyldecahydro-2H-indeno[4,5-b]furan; or any stereoisomer of the foregoing.

14. The flavor composition according to any one of claims 6 to 12, wherein The one or more heteroatom musk compounds are one or more of the following: 7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-6,6a,7,8,9,9a-hexahydro-5H-cyclopenta[h]quinazoline; 4,4a,5,6,7,8,9,9b-octahydro-7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-indeno[4,5-d]-1,3-dioxin; 1,1,2,3,3-pentamethyl-2,5,6,7-tetrahydroindene-4-one; 7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-5H-cyclopenta[h]quinazoline; h]quinazoline; 2,2,6,6,7,8,8-heptamethyl-3a,5,6,7,8,8b-hexahydro-4H-indeno[4,5-d][1,3]dioxole; 4,6,6,7,8,8-hexamethyl-1,3,4,6,7,8-hexahydrocyclopenta[g]isochromene; 2,2,6,6,7,8,8-heptamethyldecahydro-2H-indeno[4,5-b]furan; 2,6,6,7,8,8-hexamethyldecahydro-2H-indeno[4,5-b]furan; or any stereoisomer of the foregoing.

15. The flavor composition according to any one of claims 10 to 14, wherein The at least one non-cyclic musk compound is 2-[1-(3,3-dimethylcyclohexyl)ethoxy]-2-methyl-1-propanol 1-propionate; 1-(3,3-dimethylcyclohexyl)ethyl acetate; 2-(1-(3,3-dimethylcyclohexyl)ethoxy)-2-oxoethyl propionate; 2-(1-(3,3-dimethylcyclohexyl)ethoxy)-2-methylpropylcyclopropanecarboxylate; 2-((3,5-dimethylhex-3-en-2-yl)oxy)-2-methylpropylcyclopropanecarboxylate; or any combination thereof.

16. The flavor composition of any one of claims 1 to 15, further comprising a solvent selected from dipropylene glycol (DPG), isopropyl myristate, ethanol, triethyl citrate, or any combination thereof.

17. The flavor composition according to any one of claims 1 to 5 and 10 to 16, wherein The one or more compounds comprising the backbone structure of formula (I) are neat fragrances, encapsulated fragrances, or a combination thereof.

18. The flavor composition according to any one of claims 6 to 17, wherein The one or more heteroatom musk compounds are neat fragrances, encapsulated fragrances, or combinations thereof.

19. The flavor composition according to any one of claims 10 to 18, wherein The at least one acyclic musk compound is a neat fragrance, an encapsulated fragrance, or a combination thereof.

20. A fragrance composition for improving sleep, comprising at least 4 fragrance ingredients and optionally a solvent, wherein the fragrance ingredients include: (i) at least 3 heteroatom musk compounds; as well as (ii) at least one acyclic musk compound, 7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-5H-cyclopenta[h]quinazoline, or 2,2,6,6,7,8,8-heptamethyl-3a,5,6,7,8,8b-hexahydro-4H-indeno[4,5-d][1,3]dioxole; The solvent is selected from dipropylene glycol (DPG), isopropyl myristate, ethanol, triethyl citrate or any combination thereof.

21. The flavor composition according to claim 20, wherein The mass ratio of (i) to (ii) is 55:1 to 45:1 or 52:1 to 47:

1.

22. A flavor composition as claimed in claim 20 or claim 21, comprising: (i) 95 wt % to 99 wt % of the heteroatom musk compound; and (ii) 1 wt% to 5 wt% of the acyclic musk compound, 7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-5H-cyclopenta[h]quinazoline, or 2,2,6,6,7,8,8-heptamethyl-3a,5,6,7,8,8b-hexahydro-4H-indeno[4,5-d][1,3]dioxole; The wt % is based on the total weight of the composition.

23. The flavor composition according to any one of claims 20 to 22, wherein The heteroatom musk compounds are 4,4a,5,6,7,8,9,9b-octahydro-7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-indeno[4,5-d]-1,3-dioxin; 1,1,2,3,3-pentamethyl-2,5,6,7-tetrahydroinden-4-one; and 7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-6,6a,7,8,9,9a-hexahydro-5H-cyclopenta[h]quinazoline.

24. The flavor composition according to any one of claims 20 to 23, wherein The composition comprises the heteroatom musk compound and the acyclic musk compound, wherein: (i) the heteroatom musk compound is 4,4a,5,6,7,8,9,9b-octahydro-7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-indeno[4,5-d]-1,3-dioxin; 1,1,2,3,3-pentamethyl-2,5,6,7-tetrahydroinden-4-one; and 7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-6,6a,7,8,9,9a-hexahydro-5H-cyclopenta[h]quinazoline; and (ii) The acyclic musk compound is 2-[1-(3,3-dimethylcyclohexyl)ethoxy]-2-methyl-1-propanol 1-propionate.

25. The flavor composition according to claim 24, wherein The composition comprises 40 wt % to 45 wt % of 4,4a,5,6,7,8,9,9b-octahydro-7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-indeno[4,5-d]-1,3-dioxin; 5 wt % to 15 wt % of 1,1,2,3,3-pentamethyl-2,5,6,7-tetrahydroinden-4-one; 40 wt % to 45 wt % of 7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-6,6a,7,8,9,9a-hexahydro-5H-cyclopenta[h]quinazoline; and 0.1 wt % to 5 wt % of 2-[1-(3,3-dimethylcyclohexyl)ethoxy]-2-methyl-1-propanol 1-propionate, wherein the wt % is based on the total weight of the composition.

26. The flavor composition according to any one of claims 20 to 23, wherein The composition comprises the heteroatom musk compound and 7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-5H-cyclopenta[h]quinazoline, wherein the heteroatom musk compound is 4,4a,5,6,7,8,9,9b-octahydro-7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-indeno[4,5-d]-1,3-dioxin; 1,1,2,3,3-pentamethyl-2,5,6,7-tetrahydroinden-4-one; and 7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-6,6a,7,8,9,9a-hexahydro-5H-cyclopenta[h]quinazoline.

27. The flavor composition according to claim 26, wherein The composition comprises 40 wt % to 45 wt % of 4,4a,5,6,7,8,9,9b-octahydro-7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-indeno[4,5-d]-1,3-dioxin; 5 wt % to 15 wt % of 1,1,2,3,3-pentamethyl-2,5,6,7-tetrahydroinden-4-one; 40 wt % to 45 wt % of 7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-6,6a,7,8,9,9a-hexahydro-5H-cyclopenta[h]quinazoline; and 0.1 wt % to 5 wt % of 7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-5H-cyclopenta[h]quinazoline.

28. The flavor composition according to any one of claims 20 to 23, wherein The composition comprises the heteroatom musk compound and 2,2,6,6,7,8,8-heptamethyl-3a,5,6,7,8,8b-hexahydro-4H-indeno[4,5-d][1,3]dioxole, wherein the heteroatom musk compound is 4,4a,5,6,7,8,9,9b-octahydro-7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-indeno[4,5-d]-1,3-dioxin; 1,1,2,3,3-pentamethyl-2,5,6,7-tetrahydroinden-4-one; and 7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-6,6a,7,8,9,9a-hexahydro-5H-cyclopenta[h]quinazoline.

29. The flavor composition according to claim 28, wherein The composition comprises 40 wt % to 45 wt % of 4,4a,5,6,7,8,9,9b-octahydro-7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-indeno[4,5-d]-1,3-dioxin; 5 wt % to 15 wt % of 1,1,2,3,3-pentamethyl-2,5,6,7-tetrahydroinden-4-one; 40 wt% to 45 wt% of 7,7,8,9,9-pentamethyl-6,6a,7,8,9,9a-hexahydro-5H-cyclopenta[h]quinazoline; and 0.1 wt% to 5 wt% of 2,2,6,6,7,8,8-heptamethyl-3a,5,6,7,8,8b-hexahydro-4H-indeno[4,5-d][1,3]dioxole.

30. The flavor composition according to any one of claims 20 to 29, wherein The fragrance ingredient is neat fragrance, encapsulated fragrance, or a combination thereof, preferably wherein the encapsulated fragrance is encapsulated by microcapsules having a biodegradability of at least 60 wt% within 60 days according to OECD 301F.

31. The flavor composition according to any one of claims 1 to 30, wherein The sleep improvement includes at least one or more sleep benefits selected from the list comprising: improved sleep quality, increased total sleep time, reduced awakenings after falling asleep (WASO), reduced proportion of awakening time after falling asleep (% awakenings), increased duration of deep sleep (N3 / N4), increased proportion of time spent in deep sleep (N3 / N4), increased duration of REM sleep, increased proportion of time spent in REM sleep, increased duration of light sleep (N1 / N2), increased proportion of time spent in light sleep (N1 / N2), increased sleep efficiency, increased sleep maintenance, reduced number of awakenings during sleep, reduced falling asleep, increased feeling of being well rested, increased feeling of being refreshed upon waking and / or after waking, increased feeling of being restored, increased feeling of being ready to start the day, or reduced feeling of daytime sleepiness.

32. The flavor composition of any one of claims 1-31, further comprising at least 1, at least 2, at least 3, at least 4, at least 5, at least 6, at least 7, at least 8, at least 9 or at least 10 additional flavor ingredients selected from the group consisting of: n-decyl aldehyde; undecylenic aldehyde; undecylenic aldehyde; lauric aldehyde; methyl nonane acetaldehyde; food grade octanal; isononanal; food grade nonanal; nonenal 1% / TEC; dodecanal (dodecane aldehyde); isononenal Aldehyde; red orange aldehyde; trans-4-decenal, DECENAL-4-TRANS10% / TEC; dihydrofarnesaldehyde; dodecanal; myrcene; red orange ester; succinic acetal; ambroxan acetal; superb ambroxol; imperial ambroxan; ambroxan ether; ambroxan furan; belambra; ethoxymethoxycycloundecane; liquid cedryl acetate liquid; methyl cedryl ether; ambroxan ether; ambroxan ketone; caraflor; gafilix; termube alcohol; shumoufu; animal 1745SUBST.PMF 2; juniper oil, flavor, extract, substitute, substitute; guaiacol; indole; indole; indoleene; anethole; star anise oil; anisealdehyde; anise acetate; dihydroanethole; estragole; sweet fennel oil, flavor, extract, base, substitute or substitute; sweet fennel oil DQ(AC)N 41632TT; sweet fennel oil; and technical grade sweet fennel oil; benzoin oil, essence, extract, substitute or substitute; benzyl alcohol; benzyl cinnamate; frankincense oil, essence, extract, substitute or substitute; tumbler oil; phenylethyl phenylacetate; artemisia oil, essence, extract, substitute or substitute; camphor and camphor oil, essence, extract, substitute or substitute; eucalyptus and eucalyptus oil, essence, extract, substitute or substitute; lavender oil, essence, extract, substitute or substitute; lavender oil, extract, essence, substitute or substitute; rosemary oil, essence, extract, substitute or substitute; and thuja oil, essence, extract, Substitutes or replacements; phenylacetaldehyde glycerol acetal; amyl cinnamaldehyde; amyl salicylate; nerolidol pure benzyl acetate; benzyl salicylate; borax aldehyde; citronellol; citronellol acetate; p-cresol methyl ether; special rabbit ear grass aldehyde; cyclohexanal; cyclohexyl salicylate; dimethyl anthranilate; dimethyl phenethyl alcohol; dobicar; ethyl linalool; lily of the valley pyran; high purity lily of the valley pyran; geraniol; geranyl oil, essence, extract, substitute or replacement; geranyl; geranyl acetate; geranyl butyrate; methyl dihydrojasmonate; high purity methyl dihydrojasmonate; cis-3-hexenyl salicylate; hexyl cinnamaldehyde; hexyl cinnamaldehyde DQ ACXI41505TT; Hexyl salicylate; Hydroxycitronellal; Isobutyl phenylacetate; Isobutyl salicylate; Hexylcyclopentanone; Jasmine oil, essence, extract, substitute or substitute; Cis-jasmone; Jasmonate; Jasminepyran; Lilial and lilial substitutes; Linalool; Phenylhexanol; Methyl anthranilate; Methyl anthranilate, extra methyl; Methyl benzoate; Methyl phenylacetate; Neroli oil, essence, extract, substitute or substitutes; 2-naphthyl ethyl ether crystals; 1-(3-methyl-benzofuranyl) ethanone; orange oil, essence, extract, substitute or substitute; orange flower crystals; iris orange flower fragrance 1103 / 20; tetrahydrogeraniol; peony nitrile; light pink floral fragrance; phenethyl acetate; phenethyl alcohol; phenethyl isovalerate; phenethyl salicylate crystals; crystallized rose fragrance; 9-decene-1-ol; rose oil, essence, extract, substitute or substitute; ultrapure Lily of the valley; pure terpineol; tetrahydrolinalool; linalool; β-naphthyl methyl ether; ylang-ylang oil, essence, extract, substitute or substitution; hexyl acetate; o-tert-butyl cyclohexyl acetate; galbanum ester; allyl hexanoate; pineapple ester; allyl heptanoate; amyl butyrate; averman ester; apple oil, essence, extract, substitute or substitution; banana oil, essence, extract, substitute or substitution; benzyl butyrate; benzyl isobutyrate; benzyl propionate ; Butyl acetate; Butyric acid; Blackcurrant oil, flavor, extract, substitute or substitute; Extra white Connaught oil DQ (AC) 41547TT; Cyclopentanone; Damascenone; α-damascenone; β-damascenone; δ-damascenone; δ-decanoic acid; γ-decanoic acid; Digoxin oil, flavor, extract, substitute or substitute; Diethyl malonate; Dimethylbenzyl acetate; Dimethylbenzyl butyrate; δ-dodecalactone; γ-dodecalactone;Ethyl acetoacetate; Ethyl butyrate; Ethyl caproate; Ethyl octanoate; Ethyl isoamyl ketone; ethyl isobutyrate; ethyl 2-methylbutyrate; ethyl heptanoate; ethyl nonanoate; ethyl propionate; ethyl crocetin; tricyclodecenyl propionate; strawberry esters; apple esters; fruity esters; tricyclodecenyl isobutyrate; kiwano; guava oil, flavors, extracts, substitutes or replacements; cis-3-hexenyl butyrate; cis-3-hexenyl isobutyrate; hexyl butyrate; hexyl isobutyrate; special isoamyl acetate; isoamyl butyrate FR; tricyclodecenyl acid; matricarbone; melon oil, flavors, extracts, substitutes or replacements; methoxyphenyl butanone; pure methyl heptenone; methyl hexyl ketone; methyl-2-pentenoic acid; xianjiu ketone; gamma octalactone; pure peach; phenoxyethyl isobutyrate; phenylethyl isobutyrate; coconut aldehyde; raspberry ketone (N 112); and pure strawberry; amyl vinyl carbinol; ocimene; acetoin; acetyl pyrazine; benzaldehyde; butyl butyrolactate; chocolate oil, flavor, extract, substitute or replacement; dry methylcyclopentenolone; methylcyclopentenolone; ethyl maltol; homofuranone; hydroxyethyl methylthiazole; vanillyl butyrate; and isobutyric maltol ester; acetal E; hexanol; food grade hexanal; sec-butylquinoline; female chrysene aldehyde; diphenyl ether; elinthal; ethyl decadienoate; ethyl dimethylpyrazine; 1-(3,3 / 5,5-dimethylcyclohex-1-en-1-4-yl)pent-4-en-1-one; styroyl acetate; trans-2-hexenal; trans-2-hexenol; cis-3-hexenol; cis-3-hexenyl acetate; cis-3-hexenyl benzoate; cis-3-hexenyl propionate; isocyclocitral; isohexyl methyl methoxypyrazine; green phenol; methyl 2-[[(2,4-dimethyl-3-cyclohexen-1-yl)methylene]amino]benzoate; marseille aldehyde; methyl octyne carbonate; neoformate; nonadienal; 2,6-nonadienol; cis-6-nonenal; cis-6-nonenol; orange leaf oil, essence, extract, substitute or substitution; phenoxyacetaldehyde; phenylacetaldehyde; pyralone; Risda; rose oxide; fragrance Rose oxide; oleagin; tricyclic terpene aldehyde; herbaceous aldehyde; undecatriene; methyldecenol; violet nitrile; phenylacetaldehyde dimethyl acetal; basil oil, essence, extract, substitute or substitute; chamomile oil, essence, extract, substitute or substitute; citronellal; clary sage oil, essence, extract, substitute or substitute; cypress; eucalyptus oil, extract, essence, substitute or substitute; lavandin; pinoacetaldehyde; 1-cyclooctane-1 (or 3) -enyl ethyl ketone; thyme oil, flavor, extract, substitute or substitute; thymol crystal; adoxaldehyde; bromoperidol; watermelon ketone 1951; anisealdehyde; sea breeze aldehyde; anthocyanin aldehyde; melon aldehyde; fresh wind aldehyde; new jasmine aldehyde; and fresh grass aldehyde; Buchu leaf oil, flavor, extract, substitute or substitute; L-carvone; wild mint oil, flavor, extract, substitute or substitute; fresh menthone; isomenthone DL; L-menthol; menthol-DL; menthone; menthyl acetate; mint oil, flavor, extract, substitute or substitute; and spearmint oil, flavor, extract, substitute or substitute; hibiscus lactone; open Smilone; celestial musk; cyclopentadecalactone; brazilic acid glycol ester; galaxol; galaxol S; cyclopentadecenolide; musk enone; musk C14; serenolide; cyclohexadecanolide; (E)-2-((3,5-dimethylhex-3-en-2-yl)oxy)-2-methylpropyl cyclopropanecarboxylate; cyclohexadecenone; allyl ionone; dihydro-β-ionone; β-ionone; α-ionone; pure ionone; α-isomethylionone 70; α-isomethylionone 95; olivedone; angeluk; thiomenthone; sulfido-1-methyl-4-(1-methylvinyl)cyclohexene; dimethyl sulfide; Cyclic amine; Rabinoxine; Mercaptan; Methylisopropylthiazole; Nardozest oil, flavor, extract, substitute or substitute; Special grade 2,7-dimethyl-10-(1-methylethyl)-1-oxaspiro[4.5]deca-3,6-diene; Norvanillamine 1% triacetin; Oxane; Fruit amide; Pulegone; Acetophenone; p-Anisaldehyde; Bicyclononalactone; Coumarin; Ethyl lactone; Ethyl vanillin; Heliotropin; Vanilla oil, flavor, extract, substitute or substitute; Vanillin; Vanilla pod oil, flavor, extract, substitute or substitute; Veratraldehyde; Borneol; Liquid Bornyl acetate; p-tert-butyl cyclohexanol; p- tert-Butyl cyclohexyl acetate; cedarwood oil, flavor, extract, substitute or substitute; scotch ester; ebony alcohol; oakmoss; humulan acetate; guaiacwood oil, flavor, extract, substitute or substitute; isononyl acetate; Java sandalwood; homool; dihydroabietyl acetate; methyl cedryl ketone; nopinyl acetate; scutellaria; octadecyl formate; patchouli oil, flavor, extract, substitute or substitute; alpha-pinene; beta-pinene; sandalwood; super sandalwood; turpentine oil, flavor, extract, substitute or substitute; methyl cedryl ketone; and vetiver oil, flavor, extract, substitute or substitute; dodecanal; and menthyl acetate.

33. The flavor composition according to any one of claims 1 to 32, wherein The composition is substantially free or substantially free of one or more macrocyclic musk compounds.

34. A consumer product comprising the flavor composition of any one of claims 1 to 33, wherein: The consumer product is an air care product, a home care product, a fabric care product, a personal care product, a hygiene product, a pet care product, a premium fragrance, a hair care product or a beauty care product.

35. A method for improving at least one sleep benefit in a subject, comprising providing to the subject the flavor composition of any one of claims 1-33 or the consumable product of claim 34 in an amount effective to improve at least one sleep benefit.

36. The method of claim 35, wherein: The at least one sleep benefit is selected from the group consisting of improved sleep quality, increased total sleep time, reduced awakenings after sleep onset (WASO), reduced proportion of awakening time after sleep onset (% awakenings), increased duration of deep sleep (N3 / N4), increased proportion of time spent in deep sleep (N3 / N4), increased duration of REM sleep, increased proportion of time spent in REM sleep, increased duration of light sleep (N1 / N2), increased proportion of time spent in light sleep (N1 / 2), increased sleep efficiency, increased sleep maintenance, reduced number of awakenings during sleep, reduced falling asleep, increased feeling of being well rested, increased feeling of being refreshed upon and / or after waking up, increased feeling of being restored, increased feeling of being ready to start the day, reduced feeling of daytime sleepiness, or any combination thereof.

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