Filter box, using method and cutter suction dredger

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of dredging equipment, and provides a filter box, a using method thereof and a cutter suction dredger, the filter box comprises a containing box, a feeding port, a discharging port and a discharging port are formed in the containing box, and the flow area of the containing box is larger than that of a mud suction pipe; the one-way grid is arranged at the feeding opening, the hole diameter of the one-way grid is smaller than a preset limit, and the one-way grid can be opened towards the inner side of the containing box; the filtering grid or the stone crushing device is arranged at the discharge hole; the aperture of the filtering grid is smaller than a preset limit; the maximum discharging granularity of the stone crushing device is smaller than a preset limit; and the discharging door is arranged at the discharging opening and can be closed or opened. The technical problems that in the prior art, stone blocks are blocked through a filter screen at an inlet of a sludge suction pipe, the working efficiency of the sludge suction pipe can be continuously reduced until the sludge suction pipe is blocked, so that the filter screen needs to be frequently cleaned or replaced, the sludge suction operation efficiency is low, and the construction cost is high are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of dredging equipment, and in particular to a filter box and a use method thereof, and a cutter suction vessel. Background Art

[0002] In the field of dredging engineering, it is often necessary to use a dredger suction barge for silting and sand extraction; a dredger suction barge generally comprises a hull, a reamer frame swingably connected to the hull, a reamer connected to the free end of the reamer frame, a dredging pipe installed in the reamer frame, and a matching dredging pump; during operation, the stone is first cut and ground into small pieces by the reamer, and then the material containing mud, sand and stone is sucked into the dredging pipe together by the dredging pump, and transported to the filling equipment through the subsequent pipeline system for filling the designated area.

[0003] However, although larger stones can be effectively crushed by the reamer, smaller or harder stones are easy to move after contacting the reamer, making it difficult for the reamer to fully crush them. For example, in volcanic sedimentary facies mud-sand mixed rock geological areas, a large amount of volcanic debris produced by volcanic eruptions mixes with the surrounding sediments. After a long period of sedimentation, volcanic sedimentary facies mud-sand mixed rock geology is formed. In this geological environment, there are a large number of stones with a diameter of 10cm to 60cm and a compressive strength of 10Mpa to 60Mpa. Since it is difficult to be fully crushed, the size of these stones often exceeds the working performance of the mud pump. After being sucked into the mud suction pipe, the mud suction efficiency of the mud pump is reduced, resulting in a decrease in the material flow rate in the pipeline or even complete stagnation, thereby causing the mud suction pipe to be blocked, and the mud pump, blowing and filling equipment and even the suction vessel to be damaged, which seriously slows down the speed of the mud suction operation and the subsequent blowing and filling operation, and leads to an increase in the operation cost and operation risk. If there are too many stones in the material, the stones need to be separated from the material before the blowing and filling operation, resulting in the inability to carry out the blowing and filling operation continuously, and the efficiency is further reduced.

[0004] In order to solve this problem, the prior art often adopts the method of setting a filter at the entrance of the mud suction pipe to prevent stones that exceed the mud pump's processing capacity from entering the mud suction pipe, thereby preventing the mud suction pipe from being blocked and the mud pump from being damaged; however, correspondingly, the stones are easily stuck in the holes of the filter, and together with the mud and sand, the filter is gradually blocked, which will cause the working efficiency of the mud suction pipe to continue to decline until it is completely blocked, and the filter still needs to be frequently cleaned and replaced during the actual dredging process. Therefore, this solution still has limited effects on improving the construction speed and construction cost. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the technical problems in the prior art that the filter screen at the entrance of the mud suction pipe blocks stones, the working efficiency of the mud suction pipe will continue to decline until it is blocked, and the filter screen needs to be frequently cleaned or replaced, which leads to low mud suction efficiency and high construction costs. A filter box and its use method, and a dredger suction barge are provided.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a filter box comprising:

[0007] A holding box is provided with a feed port, a discharge port and a discharge port. The feed port is used to communicate with the inlet of the mud suction pipe, and the discharge port is used to communicate with the mud pump. The flow area of ​​the holding box is larger than the flow area of ​​the mud suction pipe.

[0008] One-way grid, the one-way grid is arranged at the feed inlet, the aperture of the one-way grid is smaller than the predetermined limit, and the one-way grid can be opened toward the inner side of the containing box;

[0009] A filter grid or a stone crushing device, the filter grid or the stone crushing device is arranged at the discharge port; the aperture of the filter grid is smaller than a predetermined limit; the maximum discharge particle size of the stone crushing device is smaller than a predetermined limit;

[0010] Discharge door: The discharge door is arranged at the discharge port, and the discharge door can be closed or opened.

[0011] When the filter box of the present invention is working, the receiving box is connected to the mud suction pipe, and the position is located on the side of the mud pump close to the entrance of the mud suction pipe, and the discharge door is ensured to be in a closed state; then the mud pump sucks the materials including mud and stones of various sizes and materials into the mud suction pipe together, and reaches the inside of the receiving box through the feed port; wherein, mud and stones with a diameter smaller than the predetermined limit can directly pass through the stone crushing device or the filter grid, and re-enter the mud suction pipe through the discharge port, and then be transported to other places through the mud pump. Stones with a diameter larger than the predetermined limit can neither pass through the filter grid or the stone crushing device to reach the mud pump, nor pass through the one-way grid back to the entrance of the mud suction pipe, or pass through the discharge door to be discharged outside the receiving box, that is, these stones will be retained inside the receiving box. When the total volume of the stones retained in the holding box gradually increases, the available flow area of ​​the holding box will gradually decrease. When the available flow area in the holding box is too small, blockage may occur in the holding box, and vacuum will be generated in the mud suction pipe after the discharge port, resulting in damage to the mud suction pipe and even the mud pump. Therefore, if it is detected that the total volume of the stones retained in the holding box exceeds the acceptable predetermined threshold, the unloading door will be opened to discharge the stones from the holding box through the unloading port, thereby restoring the flow area in the holding box and ensuring the normal operation of the subsequent mud suction work.

[0012] As can be seen from the above, as long as the predetermined limit and the working performance of the mud pump, such as the suction force and the blade gap, are matched, the present solution can make the stones whose size exceeds the working performance requirements of the mud pump be retained inside the holding box and cannot enter the mud suction pipe, thereby avoiding the blockage of the mud suction pipe and the damage of the mud pump, the blowing and filling equipment and even the suction vessel; and because the flow area of ​​the holding box is larger than the flow area of ​​the mud suction pipe, the present solution can accommodate a certain number of stones while keeping the flow area of ​​the entire system including the holding box and the mud suction pipe not less than the original flow area of ​​the mud suction pipe, until the flow area of ​​the holding box is reduced to below the original flow area of ​​the mud suction pipe, the flow area of ​​the entire system will slowly decrease; compared with the prior art in which the mud suction efficiency decreases with the increase of stones from the beginning, the present solution can, on the one hand, delay the time when the working efficiency of the entire system decreases to a certain value or is completely blocked, thereby reducing the maintenance and cleaning frequency of the entire system and the corresponding maintenance cost; on the other hand, it can also improve the average mud suction efficiency of the entire system during the working process, maintain a higher average flow velocity of the material in the pipeline, thereby improving the working efficiency of the mud suction operation and subsequent blowing and filling operation.

[0013] As for the scheme in which a stone crushing device is provided, the stone crushing device can not only directly block the stones whose sizes exceed the predetermined limit, but also continuously crush the stones whose sizes originally exceed the predetermined limit into sizes smaller than the predetermined limit according to its working speed, so that these stones can pass through the stone crushing device and then be transported to other places through the mud pump, and no longer remain in the holding box; that is, the stone crushing device, in addition to playing a filtering role, can also continuously reduce the volume of the stones retained in the holding box, thereby further delaying or even eliminating the situation in which the working efficiency of the entire system decreases due to the increasing number of stones, thereby further improving the average mud suction efficiency of the entire system and the average flow rate of materials, which is particularly suitable for situations where there are a large number of stones.

[0014] Moreover, this solution allows stones whose sizes exceed the predetermined limit to be retained inside the holding box. On the one hand, this can avoid the need to separate the stones from the materials before the subsequent filling operation, so that the filling operation can be carried out continuously as the materials continue to flow in, thereby greatly improving the continuity and efficiency of the filling operation; on the other hand, it can also facilitate the subsequent unified treatment of these stones, such as collecting them on board or abandoning them on shore, thereby avoiding these stones remaining on the bottom of the water and interfering with the subsequent dredging operation, thereby improving the construction efficiency of subsequent dredging operations in the same area, and further accelerating the construction speed of the entire dredging operation.

[0015] Preferably, the filter grid comprises at least two baffle bars which are distributed at intervals, the distribution direction of the baffle bars forms an angle with the material flow direction, and the interval between two adjacent baffle bars is smaller than a predetermined limit.

[0016] This proposal recommends a specific filter grid structure, which has the advantages of simple structure and strong rigidity. Compared with other filter grid structures, such as wire woven grids, this proposal is more able to withstand the impact of stones and can continue to work after a certain deformation, and has higher reliability, service life and maintainability.

[0017] Preferably, at least one of two adjacent blocking rods is movably connected to the containing box, and the corresponding blocking rod can move relative to the containing box to increase the maximum aperture of the filter grid.

[0018] The shapes and sizes of stones vary. Therefore, in addition to being able to directly pass through the filter grid and be blocked by the filter grid, the stones may sometimes get stuck between two adjacent blocking rods. In this solution, at least one of the two adjacent blocking rods is movably connected to the containing box. When a stone is stuck between the two adjacent blocking rods, one of the blocking rods is moved to increase the maximum aperture of the filter grid at the corresponding position, so that the stone loses support and falls back into the box, and can then be discharged from the discharge port by opening and closing the discharge door.

[0019] Preferably, a plug hole is provided on the receiving box, and at least one of two adjacent blocking rods is inserted into the receiving box through the plug hole, and the corresponding blocking rod can move along the axial direction of the plug hole.

[0020] This scheme recommends a specific movable connection method between the baffle rod and the containing box. Compared with other movable connection forms, such as hinges, this scheme enables the baffle rod to have the freedom of movement along the axial direction of the socket, and the axial direction of the socket matches the axial direction of the baffle rod, that is, the freedom of movement has an angle with the flow direction of the mud and sand, so that the baffle rod is less likely to move unexpectedly under the impact of the mud and sand and the stones therein, thereby preventing the stones from forcibly passing through the baffle rod to reach the mud pump and causing damage to the mud pump or even the dredger.

[0021] Preferably, one end of the blocking rod inserted into the insertion hole is connected to a first telescopic mechanism, and the extension or contraction of the first telescopic mechanism can drive the corresponding blocking rod to move along the insertion hole.

[0022] This solution can realize automatic movement of the blocking rod, so that when stones are stuck on the filter grid, the filter grid can be automatically cleared without sending divers to perform dangerous underwater operations or spending a lot of time lifting the reamer frame so that the staff can clean the filter grid on the ship.

[0023] Preferably, the stone crushing device comprises at least two rollers, and two adjacent rollers rotate towards each other; a plurality of crushing teeth are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the rollers, the crushing teeth on two adjacent rollers are staggered along the axial direction of the rollers, and the distance between the crushing teeth on two adjacent rollers along the radial direction of the rollers is greater than zero.

[0024] This proposal recommends a specific stone crushing device, which crushes stones by driving the crushing teeth to rotate in opposite directions through rollers. Compared with other reciprocating stone crushing devices, this proposal works continuously and is more conducive to the continuous operation of subsequent blowing and filling operations. The rollers and the crushing teeth thereon are arranged at intervals, so the space between two adjacent rollers, between two adjacent crushing teeth, and between the rollers and the containing box can be used to pass mud and stones with a size smaller than a predetermined limit. This can not only maintain the continuous flow of materials, thereby avoiding local vacuum and pipe blockage in the mud suction pipe, but also reduce the impact of materials on the stone crushing device, thereby increasing the service life of the stone crushing device.

[0025] The crushing teeth on two adjacent rollers are staggered so that the gap between the two adjacent rollers is roughly sawtooth-shaped, which can avoid the situation where strips of stone with a length greater than a predetermined limit but a width less than a predetermined limit pass through the gap between the two crushing teeth without being crushed.

[0026] Compared with other structural forms, such as jaw crushers and cone crushers, this solution has the characteristics of compact size and low power demand, and is more suitable for working environments with narrow space and low available power, such as on suction dredgers.

[0027] Preferably, a guide grid is also provided in the containing box, the guide grid is located on the side of the stone crushing device close to the feed port, the guide grid covers the area between the roller and the corresponding side wall of the containing box, the aperture of the guide grid is smaller than the predetermined limit, and the guide grid is inclined to guide stones to the stone crushing device.

[0028] For the stone crushing device of this scheme, the crushing area capable of crushing stones is located between the two rollers rotating in opposite directions, while the area between the two rollers rotating in opposite directions and between the rollers and the containing box cannot crush stones; therefore, this scheme adds a guide grid to the stone crushing device, which, on the one hand, can prevent stones whose sizes exceed the predetermined limit from directly passing through the stone crushing device from the area between the rollers and the containing box to reach the mud pump, while keeping the mud and sand able to pass through the area to avoid mud and sand clogging the stone crushing device; on the other hand, it can also enable stones to reach the stone crushing area as quickly as possible, thereby improving the stone crushing efficiency of the stone crushing device, so as to reduce the crushed stones retained in the containing box as quickly as possible and maintain the mud suction efficiency of the entire system.

[0029] Preferably, the flow area of ​​the containing box is A1; the cross-sectional area of ​​the one-way grid and the filter grid, or the one-way grid and the stone crushing device on the normal plane of the material flow direction is A2; the flow area of ​​the mud suction pipe is A0; A1-A2≥A0.

[0030] This scheme provides a relationship between the flow area of ​​the holding box, the flow area of ​​the mud suction pipe, the cross-sectional area of ​​the one-way grid, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the filter grid or the stone crushing device, which can ensure that the mud suction efficiency of the system including the holding box and the mud suction pipe is greater than or equal to the mud suction efficiency when the mud suction pipe is used alone, and prevent the mud suction efficiency of the entire system from being reduced to a level lower than the mud suction efficiency when the mud suction pipe is used alone due to the interaction between the one-way grid, the filter grid or the stone crushing device and the material.

[0031] Preferably, the one-way grid is suspended inside the containing box by means of lifting ears; a stop structure is provided at the feed inlet, and the stop structure can abut against the one-way grid to prevent the one-way grid from opening toward the outside of the containing box.

[0032] Since the angle of the containing box will tilt with the tilt of the reamer frame during operation, this scheme recommends hanging the one-way grid in the containing box, and realizing the one-way opening and closing of the one-way grid through the cooperation of its own gravity and the stop structure; compared with directly using a one-way opening and closing hinge, the structure of the lifting ear is very simple, and there is a gap fit between the lifting ear and the hook or ring. On the one hand, it can unload part of the impact force through relative displacement when it is impacted, thereby ensuring the reliability and service life of the one-way grid under the impact of mud and stones; on the other hand, it can make the one-way grid be lifted by the material when the material enters the containing box, thereby reducing the projection area of ​​the one-way grid on the normal plane of the material flow direction, thereby reducing the impact of the material on the one-way grid, so that the one-way grid has a longer service life and is less likely to be blocked.

[0033] Preferably, the discharge door is swingably connected to the containing box; a second telescopic mechanism is also provided between the discharge door and the containing box, and both ends of the second telescopic mechanism are respectively hinged to the discharge door and the containing box, and the extension and retraction of the second telescopic mechanism can drive the discharge door to open or close.

[0034] This solution can realize the automatic movement of the unloading door, so that when the volume of stones in the holding box exceeds a predetermined threshold, the stones can be automatically discharged without sending divers to perform dangerous underwater operations or spending a lot of time lifting the reamer frame so that workers can clean the stones on board; at the same time, an active actuating mechanism is provided for the unloading door, which also enables the unloading door to withstand the high pressure generated by the material in the holding box, preventing the unloading door from accidentally opening due to the scouring of the material.

[0035] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for using a filter box, which is applied to the filter box of the present invention and comprises the following steps:

[0036] S1. Ensure that the discharge door is closed, pour materials including mud, sand and stones into the holding box from the feed port; absorb the filtered materials from the discharge port;

[0037] S2. When the total volume of the stones in the storage box reaches a predetermined threshold, the material injection is stopped, the discharge door is opened, and the stones are discharged from the storage box.

[0038] The method for using the filter box of the present scheme can separate stones whose sizes exceed the predetermined limit from the material by using the filter box of the present invention, and retain them in a containing box with a flow area larger than the mud suction pipe, thereby preventing these stones from reaching the mud pump and causing damage to the mud pump or even the dredging vessel on the one hand, and on the other hand, alleviating the situation in which the mud suction efficiency of the entire system including the mud suction pipe and the containing box gradually decreases as the number of retained stones increases, thereby reducing the maintenance and cleaning frequency of the entire system and the corresponding maintenance costs, and improving the average mud suction efficiency in the entire mud suction operation; at the same time, collecting the stones inside the containing box can also facilitate the secondary utilization of the stones, and prevent these stones from returning to the underwater to continue to interfere with subsequent dredging operations, thereby also improving the construction speed of subsequent dredging operations.

[0039] Preferably, in step S1, mud and sand are sucked into the holding box by a mud pump; in step S2, whether the total volume of the stones reaches a predetermined threshold is determined by detecting the vacuum degree of the mud pump.

[0040] This solution determines whether the total volume of stones has reached a predetermined threshold by detecting the vacuum degree of the mud pump. Compared with detecting other parameters, such as stone weight and stone volume, the vacuum degree of the mud pump is less affected by the rolling of stones and mud, so it is easier to detect. At the same time, it can also more directly reflect the workload caused by the current accumulated stones on the mud pump, thereby enabling the staff to make judgments that are more conducive to maintaining the working efficiency and service life of the mud pump.

[0041] In a third aspect, the present invention provides a dredger suction vessel, comprising a dredging pipe and a dredging pump connected to the dredging pipe, wherein the dredging pipe is further connected to a filter box of the present invention.

[0042] The dredging vessel of this scheme can maintain high-efficiency dredging operations for a long time without frequent shutdowns for maintenance by adding the filter box of the present invention to the dredging pipe, and has higher construction speed and construction efficiency than the prior art; and during the dredging process, stones larger than a predetermined limit can be collected to prevent these stones from interfering with subsequent dredging operations in the same area, thereby further accelerating the construction speed of the entire dredging operation.

[0043] Preferably, the discharge port is located below the containing box.

[0044] This proposal recommends a location for the discharge port that allows the stones to be automatically discharged from the discharge port under the action of gravity after the discharge door is opened.

[0045] Preferably, a rock-falling deck is further included, which is located below the containing box and is used to receive rocks discharged from the discharge port.

[0046] The present solution further provides a rock drop deck below the holding box, which can prevent the rocks discharged from the discharge port from falling back into the water and interfering with subsequent dredging operations.

[0047] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0048] 1. The present invention provides a filter box, which can separate stones larger than a predetermined limit in the material through the cooperation of a receiving box, a filter grid or a stone crushing device, and a one-way grid, and store them in the receiving box, thereby avoiding the clogging of the mud suction pipe, and the damage of the mud pump, the blowing and filling equipment, and even the suction boat due to the jamming of stones.

[0049] And because the flow area of ​​the holding box is larger than the flow area of ​​the mud suction pipe, this solution can, on the one hand, delay the time when the working efficiency of the entire system drops to a certain value or is completely blocked, thereby reducing the maintenance and cleaning frequency of the entire system and the corresponding maintenance cost; on the other hand, it can also improve the average mud suction efficiency and average material flow rate during the working process of the entire system, thereby speeding up the construction speed of mud suction operations and filling operations.

[0050] For the scheme in which a stone crushing device is provided, the stone crushing device can not only block stones, but also continuously crush stones whose original size exceeds a predetermined limit into stones whose size is smaller than the predetermined limit according to its working speed, so that these stones can pass through the stone crushing device and no longer remain inside the containing box, thereby further delaying or even eliminating the situation in which the working efficiency of the entire system decreases due to the increasing number of stones, which is particularly suitable for the situation in which the number of stones is large.

[0051] Moreover, this solution allows stones whose sizes exceed the predetermined limit to be retained inside the holding box, and can also eliminate the need for stone separation operations before subsequent filling operations, so that the filling operations can be carried out continuously, thereby improving the operation efficiency, and facilitating the subsequent unified treatment of these stones, such as collecting them on board or abandoning them on shore, thereby preventing these stones from remaining on the bottom of the water and interfering with the subsequent dredging operations, thereby improving the construction efficiency of subsequent dredging operations and further accelerating the construction speed of the entire dredging operation.

[0052] 2. The present invention provides a method for using a filter box. By using the filter box of the present invention, stones with sizes exceeding a predetermined limit can be separated from materials and retained in a containing box with a flow area larger than that of a dredging pipe, thereby preventing these stones from reaching the dredging pump and causing damage to the dredging pump or even the dredging vessel. On the other hand, the dredging efficiency of the entire system including the dredging pipe and the containing box can be alleviated as the number of retained stones increases, thereby reducing the maintenance and cleaning frequency of the entire system and the corresponding maintenance costs, and improving the average dredging efficiency in the entire dredging operation. At the same time, collecting the stones inside the containing box can facilitate the secondary utilization of the stones and prevent these stones from returning to the underwater to continue to interfere with subsequent dredging operations, thereby also improving the construction speed of subsequent dredging operations.

[0053] 3. The present invention provides a dredger suction vessel, which can maintain high-efficiency dredging operations for a long time by installing the filter box of the present invention in the dredging pipe without frequent shutdown for maintenance, and has higher construction speed and construction efficiency than the prior art; and during the dredging process, stones with a size larger than a predetermined limit can be collected to prevent these stones from interfering with subsequent dredging operations in the same area, thereby further accelerating the construction speed of the entire dredging operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0054] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a filter box in Example 1;

[0055] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a side cross-sectional structure of a filter box in Example 1;

[0056] Figure 3 It is a side cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of a filter box in Example 1 with the one-way grid opened;

[0057] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of a side cross-sectional structure of a filter box in Example 1 with the discharge door open;

[0058] Figure 5 yes Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the AA section;

[0059] Figure 6 yes Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the middle BB section;

[0060] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the main structure of a stone crushing device of a filter box in Example 1;

[0061] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a filter box in Example 2;

[0062] Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a side cross-sectional structure of a filter box in Example 2;

[0063] Fig.10 yes Fig. 9 The cross-sectional structure diagram of the middle CC section when the first telescopic mechanism is extended;

[0064] Fig.11 yes Fig. 9 The cross-sectional structure diagram of the middle CC section when the first telescopic mechanism is shortened;

[0065] Fig.12 yes Fig. 9 The schematic diagram of the local enlarged structure at position Ⅰ in the middle;

[0066] Fig.13 is a side view structural schematic diagram of a cutter suction boat in Example 4;

[0067] Fig.14 It is a partial enlarged side structural schematic diagram of a reamer frame of a cutter suction vessel in Example 4;

[0068] icon:

[0069] 1-containing box; 11-feeding port; 12-discharging port; 13-discharging port; 14-stop structure; 2-one-way grid; 3-filtering grid; 31-blocking rod; 32-first telescopic mechanism; 33-connecting beam; 34-sealing ring; 4-stone crushing device; 41-roller shaft; 42-crushing teeth; 43-guide grid; 5-discharging door; 51-second telescopic mechanism; 6-hull; 61-reamer frame; 62-reamer; 63-mud suction pipe; 64-mud pump; 65-rockfall deck; 7-stone. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0070] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with test examples and specific implementation methods. However, this should not be understood as the scope of the above subject matter of the present invention being limited to the following embodiments, and all technologies realized based on the content of the present invention belong to the scope of the present invention.

[0071] Unless otherwise specified, in the description of the specific embodiments of the present invention, the terms indicating the orientation or position relationship such as "up", "down", "left", "right", "center", "inside", "outside", etc. are all expressions based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or position relationship when the invented product / equipment / device is usually used. These terms of orientation or position relationship are only for the convenience of describing the scheme of the present invention or simplifying the description in the specific embodiments, so as to facilitate the technicians to quickly understand the scheme, rather than indicating or implying that a specific device / component / element must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific position relationship, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0072] In addition, if the terms "horizontal", "vertical", "overhanging", "parallel" and the like appear, it does not mean that the corresponding device / component / element is absolutely horizontal or vertical or overhanging or parallel, but can be slightly tilted or have deviations. For example, "horizontal" only means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical", which does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted. Alternatively, it can be simplified to understand that the corresponding device / component / element is set in the direction of "horizontal", "vertical", "overhanging", "parallel", etc., and can have an error / deviation of ±10% relative to the corresponding direction setting, more preferably an error / deviation within ±8%, more preferably an error / deviation within ±6%, more preferably an error / deviation within ±5%, and more preferably an error / deviation within ±4%. As long as the corresponding device / component / element is within the error / deviation range, it can still achieve its role in the scheme of the present invention. The expressions "first", "second", "third" and the like appear in the terms, which are only used to distinguish the description of the same or similar components, and should not be understood as emphasizing or implying the relative importance of specific components. In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, "several", "multiple" and "several" represent at least 2. There may be any number of 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, etc., and there may even be more than 9. In the description of the technical solution of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified / defined / restricted, the terms "set", "install", "connect", "connected", "provided with", "laid", and "arranged" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection, and may be a connection means commonly used in the art such as welding, riveting, bolting, and threaded connection. This connection may be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a communication connection; it may be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and it may be a connection between the two elements.

[0073] Example 1

[0074] like Figures 1 to 7 As shown, a filter box comprises a containing box 1, a one-way grid 2, a stone crushing device 4 and a discharge door 5; the containing box 1 is provided with a feed port 11, a discharge port 12 and a discharge port 13, the feed port 11 is used to communicate with the inlet of the mud suction pipe 63, the discharge port 12 is used to communicate with the mud pump 64, and the flow area of ​​the containing box 1 is larger than the flow area of ​​the mud suction pipe 63; the one-way grid 2 is arranged at the feed port 11, the aperture of the one-way grid 2 is smaller than the predetermined limit, and the one-way grid 2 can be opened toward the inner side of the containing box 1; the stone crushing device 4 is arranged at the discharge port 12, and the maximum discharge particle size of the stone crushing device 4 is smaller than the predetermined limit; the discharge door 5 is arranged at the discharge port 13, and the discharge door 5 can be closed or opened.

[0075] It should be noted that Figures 1 to 14These are simplified and exaggerated structural diagrams, for example Figures 2 to 4 The intersection line between the discharge port 13 and the containing box 1, as well as the projection lines of the two side surfaces of the stop structure 14 along the material flow direction on the cross section are deleted. Fig.12 The sealing ring 34 is enlarged in the figure to facilitate a clearer distinction of the various components of the filter box.

[0076] In the above embodiment, the flow area of ​​the container box 1 refers to the cross-sectional area of ​​the container box 1 that allows liquid to pass through, also known as the effective flow area; taking the container box 1 with a circular cross section as an example, the flow area of ​​the container box 1 is equal to the product of the square of the radius of the inner cavity of the container box 1 and the pi; the flow area of ​​the mud suction pipe 63 is the same. The aperture of the one-way grid 2 refers to the diameter of the largest sphere that can pass through the one-way grid 2. For example, when the grid hole shape is rectangular, the aperture of the grid hole is based on the size of its short side, and the grid hole of the one-way grid 2 is not limited to a circle. For example, the specific form of the one-way grid 2 includes but is not limited to a parallel grid, a cross grid, a cross grid, and a perforated plate; the specific structure of the stone crushing device 4 includes but is not limited to a roller crusher, a hammer crusher, and a rod mill.

[0077] In an optional embodiment, since there is a size difference between the holding box 1 and the mud suction pipe 63, a transition section can be set at at least one point between the feed port 11 of the holding box 1 and the mud suction pipe 63, and between the discharge port 12 and the mud suction pipe 63. The size of one end of the transition section matches the feed port 11 or the discharge port 12, and the size of the other end matches the size of the corresponding mud suction pipe 63, so that the material can flow more smoothly and avoid excessive turbulence; the size between the two ends of the transition end can be a linear continuous transition or a stepped segmented transition.

[0078] In an optional embodiment, the cross-sectional shape of the containing box 1 matches the cross-sectional shape of the mud suction pipe 63, but the size is larger than the corresponding size of the mud suction pipe 63; for example, for a circular mud suction pipe 63, the cross-sectional shape of the containing box 1 can also be circular, and the inner diameter is larger than the inner diameter of the mud suction pipe 63.

[0079] In an optional embodiment, if Figure 5 As shown, the one-way grid 2 is hung inside the container 1 by means of a hanging ear; a stop structure 14 is provided at the feed port 11, and the stop structure 14 can abut against the one-way grid 2 to prevent the one-way grid 2 from opening toward the outside of the container 1, that is, Figure 3The one-way grid 2 can only be opened to the left side in the figure. Among them, one or more lifting ears can be set, and the lifting ears can be set on the side of the one-way grid 2 or on the side of the container 1. The specific position of the lifting ear can be on the side of the container 1 away from the discharge port 13, so that it is easier to close automatically under the action of gravity; the structure of the stop structure 14 includes but is not limited to a stopper, a stopper ring, and a stopper column. The position of the stop structure 14 is determined according to the specific structure and range of movement of the one-way grid 2, including but not limited to the inside of the container 1 and the outside of the container 1.

[0080] In an optional embodiment, if Figures 2 to 4 As shown, when a transition section is provided at the feed port 11, the one-way grid 2 can be provided on the side of the transition section close to the discharge port 12. In this way, on the one hand, the movable joints of the one-way grid 2, such as hinges or lifting ears, can be conveniently hidden behind the transition section to prevent the material from directly washing the joints of the one-way grid 2. On the other hand, the characteristic that the size of the transition section gradually decreases from left to right can be utilized to prevent the one-way grid 2 from opening to the right, thereby exerting the function of the stop structure 14.

[0081] In an optional embodiment, if Figure 3 As shown, a circular reinforcing rib can be provided inside the containing box 1 on the side of the one-way grid 2 close to the feed port 11, and the inner diameter of the circular reinforcing rib is smaller than the outer diameter of the one-way grid 2, so that the circular reinforcing rib can not only strengthen the strength of the containing box 1, but also abut against the edge of the one-way grid 2 to serve as a stop structure 14; further, the movable joints of the one-way grid 2, such as hinges or ears, can be hidden on the side of the circular reinforcing rib close to the discharge port 12, thereby preventing the material from directly flushing the joints of the one-way grid 2.

[0082] In an optional embodiment, at least two protrusions are spaced apart along the edge of the one-way grid 2, and the protrusions protrude relative to other parts of the one-way grid 2 in the radial direction of the containing box 1. The protrusions are used to abut against the stop structure 14, so that the contact area between the one-way grid 2 and the stop structure 14 can be reduced, thereby reducing the situation where the one-way grid 2 is stuck and cannot be closed due to stones getting stuck between the one-way grid 2 and the stop structure 14; for example Figure 5 As shown, the unidirectional grid 2 may include rods in at least two different directions, the number of at least one rod is greater than one and is distributed at intervals, and the ends of the rods in each direction penetrate each other, for example Figure 5 The two ends of the middle horizontal rod respectively pass through the outer sides of the leftmost and rightmost vertical rods, and the lower ends of the vertical rods pass through the lower sides of the horizontal rods. The parts of the rods that pass through serve as protrusions for abutting against the stop structure 14. Since the protrusions are small in area, it is not easy for stones 7 to get stuck between the one-way grid 2 and the stop structure 14, causing the one-way grid 2 to be unable to close.

[0083] In an optional embodiment, an arc-shaped rod is further provided along the circumference of the one-way grid 2, and the transverse rod and the vertical rod are connected to the arc-shaped rod. Adding the arc-shaped rod can further connect the transverse rod and the vertical rod into a whole, thereby enhancing the overall rigidity of the one-way grid 2 and reducing the probability of deformation or even damage of the one-way grid 2 under the impact of materials. Figure 5 As shown, the arc-shaped rods can be further distributed only on one side of the one-way grid 2 close to its movable joints, such as hinges or ears, so that the lower ends of the vertical rods protrude to serve as protrusions to abut against the stop structure 14, thereby avoiding the situation where stones 7 are stuck between the arc-shaped rods and the stop structure 14, causing the one-way grid 2 to get stuck.

[0084] In an optional embodiment, each rod of the one-way grid 2, such as the transverse rod and the longitudinal rod, has a circular cross section, so that even if the rod is hit by a stone 7 and bends, its projected area on the normal plane of the material flow direction can remain basically unchanged, thereby avoiding the situation where the available flow area in the container 1 is reduced due to the deformation of the rod. Furthermore, the rod can be made of threaded steel to further improve its strength.

[0085] In an optional embodiment, the discharge door 5 is swingably connected to the storage box 1; a second telescopic mechanism 51 is also provided between the discharge door 5 and the storage box 1, and the two ends of the second telescopic mechanism 51 are respectively hinged to the discharge door 5 and the storage box 1, and the second telescopic mechanism 51 can drive the discharge door 5 to open or close when it is extended. The specific form of the second telescopic mechanism 51 includes but is not limited to a hydraulic rod, a cylinder, a screw mechanism, and a scissor-type connecting rod mechanism, but preferably a form such as a hydraulic cylinder or a cylinder that does not require a motor is used to facilitate underwater installation; and the number of the second telescopic mechanism 51 can be one or more, for example Figure 5 As shown, the second telescopic mechanism 51 can be arranged on both sides of the discharge door 5.

[0086] In an optional embodiment, since the holding box 1 is often tilted in its working posture when installed on the dredging vessel, with the discharge port 12 at the top and the feed port 11 at the bottom, the swing joint of the discharge door 5 can be set on the side of the discharge door 5 close to the discharge port 12, so that when the discharge door 5 is opened, the discharge door 5 swings toward the top of the discharge port 13. When the stones 7 are discharged downward under the action of gravity, the discharge door 5 will not hinder the movement of the stones 7, and therefore will not be impacted by the stones 7.

[0087] In an optional embodiment, a sealing structure is further provided between the discharge door 5 and the discharge port 13. For example, a sealing ring 34 is arranged along the circumference of the discharge port 13 or the discharge door 5. The number of the sealing ring 34 may be one or more. This can improve the sealing of the entire containing box 1 when the discharge door 5 is closed, thereby avoiding the situation in which the workload of the mud pump 64 increases due to leakage of high-pressure materials.

[0088] In an optional embodiment, the stone crushing device 4 includes at least two rollers 41, and two adjacent rollers 41 rotate towards each other; a plurality of crushing teeth 42 are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the rollers 41, and the crushing teeth 42 on two adjacent rollers 41 are staggered along the axial direction of the rollers 41, and the radial spacing of the crushing teeth 42 on two adjacent rollers 41 is greater than zero, that is, the sum of the maximum radii of the crushing teeth 42 on two adjacent rollers 41 is less than the distance between the axes of the two adjacent rollers 41, so that the stone 7 can fall between the two adjacent crushing teeth 42 conveniently, and then be bitten and crushed under the opposite rotation of the crushing teeth 42, thereby improving the stone crushing efficiency.

[0089] In an optional embodiment, if Figure 7 As shown, one end of the roller shaft 41 is connected to a hydraulic motor as a driving device to provide a greater torque for the roller shaft 41 under the same power, and can reduce the use of electrical components, which is more suitable for underwater working conditions; and the inventors found that the farther away from the hydraulic motor along the axial direction of the roller shaft 41, the more serious the torque attenuation on the crushing teeth 42 is, so the hydraulic motors on two adjacent roller shafts 41 can be located on the opposite side of the corresponding roller shaft 41 along the axial direction of the roller shaft 41, for example Figure 7 The hydraulic motor of the left roller 41 is located at the lower side thereof, and the hydraulic motor of the right roller 41 is located at the upper side of the roller 41, so that the area with weaker torque on the roller 41 can cooperate with the area with stronger torque on the adjacent roller 41, thereby making the torque distribution of the entire stone crushing device 4 more uniform, avoiding the situation where the local torque is too weak and the stone crushing capacity is reduced.

[0090] In an optional embodiment, a guide grid 43 is further provided in the receiving box 1. The guide grid 43 is located on the side of the stone crushing device 4 close to the feed port 11. The guide grid 43 covers the area between the roller 41 and the corresponding side wall of the receiving box 1. The aperture of the guide grid 43 is smaller than the predetermined limit. The guide grid 43 is tilted to guide the stones 7 to the stone crushing device 4. Figure 4 As shown, two grid structures are respectively arranged on both sides of the crushing area of ​​the stone crushing device 4, that is, the area between the two rollers 41 rotating in opposite directions, as guide grids 43. The ends of the two grid structures away from the crushing area are connected to the inner wall of the containing box 1, and the ends close to the crushing area are inclined to one side of the discharge port 12, thereby roughly forming a "<"-shaped structure to guide the stones 7 to the crushing area between the two rollers 41 rotating in opposite directions; the aperture of the guide grid 43 also refers to the diameter of the largest sphere that can pass through the guide grid 43, and the grid holes of the guide grid 43 are not limited to be circular. For example, the specific form of the guide grid 43 includes but is not limited to parallel grids, cross grids, M-shaped grids, and perforated plates; for example Figure 6As shown, each grid structure includes a plurality of vertical rods which are parallel to each other and spaced apart, and the distance between two adjacent vertical rods is less than a predetermined limit; and transverse rods which connect the vertical rods to each other.

[0091] In an optional embodiment, the flow area of ​​the containing box 1 is A1; the cross-sectional area of ​​the one-way grid 2 and the stone crushing device 4 on the normal plane in the material flow direction is A2; the flow area of ​​the mud suction pipe 63 is A0; A1-A2≥A0. It should be noted that the cross-sectional area of ​​the one-way grid 2 and the stone crushing device 4 only includes their solid parts, but does not include the holes on them, for example, the projection area of ​​the horizontal rods, vertical rods, arc rods and their movable joints of the one-way grid 2 on the normal plane in the material flow direction, and the projection area of ​​the roller 41 and crushing teeth 42 of the stone crushing device 4 on the normal plane in the material flow direction; there will be a part of the overlapping area between the one-way grid 2 and the stone crushing device 4, which can be eliminated from A2 to obtain a more accurate result, or it can be retained in A2 to obtain a conservative result.

[0092] The difference between A1 and A0 is determined according to actual needs. For example, if it is necessary to extend the time during which the dredging vessel can continuously suck mud, A1 can be increased to increase the capacity of the containing box 1 to contain the stones 7; if the available space on the reamer frame 61 is small, A1 can be reduced.

[0093] This embodiment includes a containing box 1, a one-way grid 2, a discharge door 5 and a stone crushing device 4, which can block and contain stones 7 whose sizes exceed a predetermined limit while continuously crushing these stones 7 at a certain speed, thereby delaying or even eliminating the situation in which the working efficiency of the entire system decreases due to the continuous increase of stones 7, and is particularly suitable for occasions with a large number of stones 7.

[0094] Example 2

[0095] like Figures 8 to 12 As shown, a filter box is provided, based on Example 1, with the stone crushing device 4 replaced by a filter grid 3, and the filter grid 3 or the stone crushing device 4 is arranged at the discharge port 12; the aperture of the filter grid 3 is smaller than a predetermined limit.

[0096] In an optional embodiment, the filter grid 3 includes at least two spaced-apart baffles 31, and the distribution direction of the baffles 31 has an angle with the material flow direction, for example, the axis of the baffles 31 is inclined at 75°, 80°, or 90° relative to the material flow direction; the distance between two adjacent baffles 31 is less than a predetermined limit.

[0097] In an optional embodiment, at least one of two adjacent blocking rods 31 is movably connected to the containing box 1 , and the corresponding blocking rod 31 can be moved relative to the containing box 1 to be offset from the adjacent blocking rod 31 , thereby increasing the maximum aperture of the filter grid 3 . Specific forms of movable connection include but are not limited to sliding connection, hinged connection, and telescopic connection, and the direction of the movable connection includes but is not limited to the axial or radial direction of the baffle rod 31 and the axial or radial direction of the containing box 1; for example, one of the two adjacent baffle rods 31 can be translated along the axial direction of the containing box 1 or the distribution direction of the baffle rods 31, so as to approach or move away from the adjacent baffle rod 31. When a stone 7 is stuck between the two baffle rods 31, the two baffle rods 31 are moved away from each other, so that the maximum aperture of the filter grid 3 at the two baffle rods 31 is increased, so that the stone 7 loses support and falls; or one of the two adjacent baffle rods 31 can be swung within the distribution plane of the baffle rods 31. When a stone 7 is stuck between the two baffle rods 31, one of the baffle rods 31 is swung in the direction away from the stone 7, so that the maximum aperture of the filter grid 3 at the two baffle rods 31 is increased, so that the stone 7 loses support and falls.

[0098] In an optional embodiment, a socket is provided on the containing box 1, the axial direction of which corresponds to the baffle rod 31, that is, the axial direction of the socket is perpendicular to the material flow direction; at least one of the two adjacent baffle rods 31 is inserted into the containing box 1 through the socket, and the corresponding baffle rod 31 can move along the axial direction of the socket.

[0099] In an optional embodiment, a limiting structure is further provided in the containing box 1, and the limiting structure is used to cooperate with the end of the blocking rod 31 away from the insertion hole, so that it can support the blocking rod 31 from both ends of the blocking rod 31 together with the insertion hole to enhance the stability of the blocking rod 31; the specific form of the limiting structure includes but is not limited to a limiting hole, a limiting block, and a limiting flange.

[0100] In an optional embodiment, one end of the blocking rod 31 inserted into the insertion hole is connected to a first telescopic mechanism 32, and the extension or shortening of the first telescopic mechanism 32 can drive the corresponding blocking rod 31 to move along the insertion hole. Figure 10 to Figure 11 The specific form of the first telescopic mechanism 32 includes but is not limited to a hydraulic rod, a gas cylinder, a screw mechanism, and a scissor-type connecting rod mechanism, but preferably a form such as a hydraulic cylinder or a gas cylinder that does not require a motor is used to facilitate underwater installation.

[0101] In an optional embodiment, a sealing structure is further provided between the baffle rod 31 and the socket, for example, a sealing ring 34 is arranged along the circumference of the baffle rod 31 or the socket, and the number of the sealing ring 34 can be one or more; this can improve the sealing performance of the entire containing box 1, thereby avoiding the situation where the workload of the mud pump 64 increases due to leakage of high-pressure materials.

[0102] In an optional embodiment, a first contact surface is provided on the blocking rod 31, and a second contact surface is provided at the plug hole. The first contact surface and the second contact surface can abut against each other, and both have an angle of 80° or 90° with the axial direction of the blocking rod 31. The sealing ring 34 is provided between the first contact surface and the second contact surface, so that the first contact surface, the second contact surface and the sealing ring 34 can be pressed against each other by extending the first telescopic mechanism 32, thereby further improving the sealing effect between the blocking rod 31 and the plug hole. Fig.12 As shown, the baffle rod 31 is provided with a step structure whose diameter is enlarged compared with other parts of the baffle rod 31, and the side of the step structure facing the insertion hole is the first contact surface; a boss structure is provided at a corresponding position on the receiving box 1, and the top surface of the boss structure is the second contact surface, and the sealing ring 34 is provided on the second contact surface. When the first telescopic mechanism 32 is extended, the step structure will be pressed against the boss structure, thereby enhancing the sealing effect of the sealing ring 34; and such a setting can also prevent the sealing ring 34 from being directly subjected to a linear erosion of the material in the receiving box 1, thereby extending the life of the sealing ring 34.

[0103] In the above embodiment, if there are multiple blocking rods 31 that need to be moved, an independent first telescopic mechanism 32 may be provided for each blocking rod 31, or Figure 10 to Figure 11 As shown, at least two blocking rods 31 are simultaneously connected through a connecting beam 33 , and then the first telescopic mechanism 32 is connected to the connecting beam 33 , so that the movement of multiple blocking rods 31 can be simultaneously controlled by one first telescopic mechanism 32 .

[0104] In an optional embodiment, the cross section of each baffle 31 may be circular, so that even if the baffle 31 is hit by a stone 7 and bends, its projected area on the normal plane of the material flow direction can remain basically unchanged, thereby avoiding the situation where the available flow area in the container 1 is reduced due to the deformation of the baffle 31. Furthermore, the baffle 31 can be made of threaded steel to further improve its strength.

[0105] In an optional embodiment, a sacrificial anode, such as a magnesium rod or a zinc rod, may be provided on the outside of the container box 1 to serve as an anode in electrochemical corrosion, replacing the container box 1 to corrode, thereby inhibiting the rust of the container box 1. The sacrificial anode and the container box 1 are preferably detachably connected, such as by threaded connection, mortise and tenon connection, or latch connection, to facilitate replacement.

[0106] In an optional embodiment, the flow area of ​​the containing box 1 is A1; the cross-sectional area of ​​the one-way grid 2 and the filter grid 3 on the normal plane in the material flow direction is A2; the flow area of ​​the mud suction pipe 63 is A0; A1-A2≥A0. It should be noted that the cross-sectional area of ​​the one-way grid 2 and the filter grid 3 only includes their solid parts, but does not include the holes on them, for example, the projected area of ​​the horizontal rods, vertical rods, arc rods and their movable joints of the one-way grid 2 on the normal plane in the material flow direction, and the projected area of ​​the baffle 31 of the filter grid 3 on the normal plane in the material flow direction; there will be a part of the overlapping area between the one-way grid 2 and the filter grid 3, which can be eliminated from A2 to obtain a more accurate result, or it can be retained in A2 to obtain a conservative result.

[0107] This embodiment includes a containing box 1, a one-way grid 2, a discharge door 5 and a filter grid 3, which can block and contain stones 7 whose sizes exceed a predetermined limit, thereby delaying the decrease in the working efficiency of the entire system due to the increasing number of stones 7. It is suitable for occasions where there are fewer stones 7 or where it is necessary to reuse these stones 7 whose sizes exceed the predetermined limit.

[0108] Example 3

[0109] A method for using a filter box, applied to any one of the filter boxes in Embodiments 1 to 2, comprises the following steps:

[0110] S1. Ensure that the discharge door 5 is in a closed state, and pour materials into the holding box 1 from the feed port 11. The materials include mud, sand and stones 7. The materials will flush the one-way grid 2, so that the mud, sand and stones 7 can enter the holding box 1; absorb the filtered materials from the discharge port 12;

[0111] S2. When the total volume of the stones 7 in the containing box 1 reaches a predetermined threshold, the pouring of materials is stopped, and the one-way grid 2 is closed under its own weight; the discharge door 5 is opened to discharge the stones 7 from the containing box 1.

[0112] In the above embodiment, detecting whether the total volume of the stones 7 reaches a predetermined threshold value can be achieved by, for example, detecting the total weight of the containing box 1, detecting the vacuum degree of the mud suction pipe 63, and the like.

[0113] In an optional implementation, in step S1, mud and sand are sucked into the holding box 1 by the mud pump 64; in step S2, the vacuum degree of the mud pump 64 is detected to determine whether the total volume of the stones 7 reaches a predetermined threshold.

[0114] In an optional embodiment, if a stone crushing device 4 is provided at the discharge port 12, the following steps may be further included to continuously crush the stones 7 retained in the containing box 1, thereby delaying or even eliminating the situation where the working efficiency of the entire system decreases due to the increasing number of stones 7:

[0115] SA, turn on the lithotripsy device 4.

[0116] It should be noted that there is no sequential relationship between SA and S1, that is, the stone crushing device 4 can be opened in advance and then the material can be poured, or the material can be poured first and then the stone crushing device 4 can be opened depending on the accumulation of stones 7, or both can be performed simultaneously.

[0117] In an optional embodiment, if a filter grid 3 is provided at the discharge port 12, and the filter grid 3 includes a movable blocking rod 31, the following steps may also be included:

[0118] SB, such as Fig.10 As shown, when a stone 7 is stuck between two adjacent blocking rods 31, the material injection is stopped, and at least one of the two adjacent blocking rods 31 is moved relative to the containing box 1, thereby increasing the maximum distance between the two adjacent blocking rods 31, thereby increasing the maximum aperture of the entire filtering grid 3, so that the stone 7 can be Fig.11 The material shown falls naturally; restart pouring the material.

[0119] Example 4

[0120] like Figures 13 to 14 As shown, a dredging suction ship comprises a hull 6, a reamer frame 61 swingably connected to the hull 6, a reamer 62 connected to the end of the reamer frame 61 away from the hull 6, a mud suction pipe 63 connected to the reamer frame 61 and a mud pump 64 connected to the mud suction pipe 63, and the mud suction pipe 63 is also connected to any one of the filter boxes in Examples 1 to 2, wherein the containing box 1 is located on the side of the mud pump 64 close to the inlet of the mud suction pipe 63, that is, close to the side of the reamer 62; and the feed port 11 of the containing box 1 is connected to the inlet of the mud suction pipe 63, and the discharge port 12 is connected to the inlet of the mud pump 64.

[0121] In an optional embodiment, the discharge port 13 is located below the containing box 1 .

[0122] In an optional embodiment, if Figure 13 to Figure 14 As shown, it also includes a rock-dropping deck 65, which is located below the receiving box 1 and can be connected to the reamer frame 61 or the hull 6 to receive the rocks 7 discharged from the discharge port 13. A plurality of ribs protruding toward the receiving box 1 can be arranged at intervals on the rock-dropping deck 65 to limit the rocks 7 and prevent the rocks 7 from sliding off the rock-dropping deck 65.

[0123] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A filter box, characterized in that: Include: A containing box (1), wherein the containing box (1) is provided with a feed port (11), a discharge port (12) and a discharge port (13), wherein the feed port (11) is used to communicate with the inlet of a mud suction pipe (63), and the discharge port (12) is used to communicate with a mud pump (64), and the flow area of ​​the containing box (1) is larger than the flow area of ​​the mud suction pipe (63); a one-way grid (2), the one-way grid (2) being arranged at the feed port (11), the aperture of the one-way grid (2) being smaller than a predetermined limit, and the one-way grid (2) being capable of opening toward the inner side of the containing box (1); A filter grid (3) or a stone crushing device (4), wherein the filter grid (3) or the stone crushing device (4) is arranged at the discharge port (12); the aperture of the filter grid (3) is smaller than a predetermined limit; and the maximum discharge particle size of the stone crushing device (4) is smaller than a predetermined limit; A discharge door (5), the discharge door (5) is arranged at the discharge port (13), and the discharge door (5) can be closed or opened.

2. A filter box according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filter grid (3) comprises at least two spaced baffles (31), the distribution direction of the baffles (31) and the material flow direction have an included angle, and the distance between two adjacent baffles (31) is less than a predetermined limit.

3. A filter box according to claim 2, characterized in that: At least one of two adjacent blocking rods (31) is movably connected to the containing box (1), and the corresponding blocking rod (31) can increase the maximum aperture of the filter grid (3) by moving relative to the containing box (1).

4. A filter box according to claim 3, characterized in that: The receiving box (1) is provided with an insertion hole, and at least one of the two adjacent blocking rods (31) is inserted into the receiving box (1) through the insertion hole, and the corresponding blocking rod (31) can move along the axial direction of the insertion hole.

5. A filter box according to claim 4, characterized in that: One end of the blocking rod (31) inserted into the insertion hole is connected to a first telescopic mechanism (32); the first telescopic mechanism (32) can drive the corresponding blocking rod (31) to move along the insertion hole when it is extended or shortened.

6. A filter box according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stone crushing device (4) comprises at least two roller shafts (41), and two adjacent roller shafts (41) rotate towards each other; a plurality of crushing teeth (42) are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the roller shaft (41); the positions of the crushing teeth (42) on two adjacent roller shafts (41) along the axial direction of the roller shaft (41) are staggered, and the spacing between the crushing teeth (42) on two adjacent roller shafts (41) along the radial direction of the roller shaft (41) is greater than zero.

7. A filter box according to claim 6, characterized in that: A guide grid (43) is also provided in the containing box (1). The guide grid (43) is located on a side of the stone crushing device (4) close to the feed port (11). The guide grid (43) covers the area between the roller shaft (41) and the corresponding side wall of the containing box (1). The aperture of the guide grid (43) is smaller than a predetermined limit. The guide grid (43) is tilted to guide the stones (7) to the stone crushing device (4).

8. A filter box according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The flow area of ​​the containing box (1) is A1; the cross-sectional area of ​​the one-way grid (2) and the filtering grid (3), or the one-way grid (2) and the stone crushing device (4) on the normal plane in the material flow direction is A2; the flow area of ​​the mud suction pipe (63) is A0; A1-A2≥A0.

9. A filter box according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The one-way grid (2) is suspended inside the containing box (1) via a lifting lug; a stop structure (14) is provided at the feed port (11), and the stop structure (14) can abut against the one-way grid (2) to prevent the one-way grid (2) from opening toward the outside of the containing box (1).

10. A filter box according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The discharge door (5) is swingably connected to the receiving box (1); a second telescopic mechanism (51) is also provided between the discharge door (5) and the receiving box (1), and the two ends of the second telescopic mechanism (51) are respectively hinged to the discharge door (5) and the receiving box (1), and the second telescopic mechanism (51) can drive the discharge door (5) to open or close by telescoping.

11. A method for using a filter box, characterized in that: The filter box according to any one of claims 1 to 10 comprises the following steps: S1. Ensure that the discharge door (5) is in a closed state, and pour material into the containing box (1) from the feed port (11), wherein the material includes mud, sand and stones (7); and absorb the filtered material from the discharge port (12); S2. When the total volume of the stones (7) in the containing box (1) reaches a predetermined threshold, the pouring of materials is stopped, the discharge door (5) is opened, and the stones (7) are discharged from the containing box (1).

12. A method for using a filter box according to claim 11, characterized in that: In step S1, mud and sand are sucked into the containing box (1) by a mud pump (64); in step S2, the vacuum degree of the mud pump (64) is detected to determine whether the total volume of the stone (7) reaches a predetermined threshold.

13. A dredging vessel, comprising a dredging pipe (63) and a dredging pump (64) connected to the dredging pipe (63), characterized in that: The mud suction pipe (63) is also connected to a filter box as described in any one of claims 1 to 10.

14. A dredger suction boat according to claim 13, characterized in that: The discharge port (13) is located below the containing box (1).

15. A dredger suction boat according to claim 13, characterized in that: It also comprises a rock-falling deck (65), which is located below the containing box (1) and is used to receive the rocks (7) discharged from the discharge port (13).

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