Cartridge two-position four-way directional control valve

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of hydraulic components, and discloses a plug-in type two-position four-way reversing valve, which comprises a valve cover, a valve sleeve and a valve core. The valve sleeve is internally provided with a through hole penetrating from top to bottom, and the valve core is slidably arranged in the through hole. The valve cover, the valve sleeve and the upper part of the valve core enclose a control cavity, and the control cavity is filled with control oil. The control oil pushes the valve core to move downward from the first position to the second position through pressure boosting. A reset structure is arranged between the valve core and the valve sleeve, and the reset structure resets the valve core to the first position when the control oil is depressurized. The valve core is internally provided with an oil channel penetrating through the lower end of the valve core, and the oil channel is in communication with a return oil port T, so that the internal and external cavities of the valve core are both filled with hydraulic oil, thereby the environmental pressures inside and outside the valve core can be offset, and the force acting on the valve core in the working process is the effective pressure applied by the control cavity to overcome the reset structure, which is beneficial to the stable operation of the reversing valve in a wide pressure range and improves the environmental pressure adaptability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of hydraulic component technology, and more specifically, relates to a cartridge-type two-position four-way directional valve. Background Technology

[0002] Directional control valves are widely used in control systems of mechanical equipment in various fields due to their advantages such as small size, light weight, and fast response. Traditional two-position four-way directional control valves adopt an electromagnetic spool valve structure, which is small in size, simple in structure, reliable in sealing, can be remotely controlled, and has a high level of automation.

[0003] With the deepening research in deep space, deep earth, and deep sea, the need for developing hydraulic components for these fields is becoming increasingly urgent. These fields require equipment capable of withstanding extremely high temperatures and pressures; for example, the working environment in deep earth can reach pressures of 140 MPa and temperatures of 200°C. Furthermore, hydraulic components must withstand significant temperature and pressure variations, overcoming the influence of changes in the physical properties of the fluid medium, such as density, viscosity, and bulk modulus of elasticity, to maintain the system's performance requirements, operational stability, and reliability.

[0004] Currently, two-position four-way directional control valves on the market are only suitable for conventional pressure and temperature environments. A common solution is to combine multiple valves adapted to different operating conditions in series to meet the requirements of a wide pressure and temperature range (normal pressure - 140MPa, normal temperature - 200℃). However, this method results in larger equipment size, unstable performance, reduced reliability, and greater leakage, while also increasing manufacturing and maintenance costs. This limitation significantly restricts applications in these specialized fields. Therefore, there is an urgent need to invent a two-position four-way directional control valve adaptable to a wide pressure environment to meet the working requirements of these special applications. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In response to the current shortcomings of hydraulic components in adapting to wide pressure environments or the need for improvement, this invention provides a cartridge-type two-position four-way directional valve. Its purpose is to overcome the influence of the environment on hydraulic components under different pressure conditions, and to maintain normal working performance and reliability over a wide range of pressure variations.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A cartridge-type two-position four-way directional valve is provided for installation into a mounting cavity, comprising a valve cover, a valve sleeve, and a valve core. The valve cover is fixedly and sealingly connected to an opening above the mounting cavity. The valve sleeve is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the mounting cavity. The valve sleeve has a through hole running vertically through it, and the valve core is slidably disposed within the through hole. The upper parts of the valve cover, the valve sleeve, and the valve core enclose a control cavity containing control oil. The control oil is used to pressurize and push the valve core downward from a first position to a second position. A reset structure is also connected between the valve core and the valve sleeve. The reset structure is used to reset the valve core from the second position to the first position when the control oil pressure is reduced. The valve core has an oil passage running through its lower end, which communicates with an oil return port T provided on the cavity wall of the mounting cavity.

[0008] The lower part of the valve sleeve is provided with a first radial hole, a middle radial hole, and a second radial hole in sequence from top to bottom. The middle radial hole is used to communicate with the oil inlet P provided on the cavity wall of the mounting cavity, and the oil inlet P is used to provide working oil. The lower outer wall of the valve core is provided with an annular groove. The valve core and the valve sleeve are respectively provided with a first dynamic sealing structure and a second dynamic sealing structure above and below the annular groove. When the valve core switches between the first position and the second position, the middle radial hole and the annular groove remain in communication. The annular groove is selectively connected to the first radial hole and the second radial hole to transmit working oil to the actuator through the first radial hole or the second radial hole.

[0009] Preferably, the valve core is divided into a piston section and a guide section from top to bottom, the diameter of the piston section is larger than the diameter of the guide section, and the through hole is divided into a first hole section and a second hole section from top to bottom, the diameter of the first hole section is larger than the diameter of the second hole section, the piston section is slidably sealed to the valve sleeve in the first hole section, and the guide section is slidably sealed to the valve sleeve in the second hole section through the first dynamic sealing structure and the second dynamic sealing structure; the axial length of the piston section is smaller than the axial length of the first hole section, and the reset structure includes an elastic body, the elastic body is sleeved on the valve core, and is located between the stepped surfaces where the piston section and the first hole section and the second hole section meet.

[0010] Preferably, within the first orifice section, the inner wall of the valve sleeve and the valve core form a movable cavity, and the movable cavity communicates with the oil passage.

[0011] Preferably, the first hole segment is further divided into two hole segments from top to bottom, and the diameter of the upper hole segment of the first hole segment is larger than the diameter of the lower hole segment. The piston segment is matched and contacted with the upper hole segment of the first hole segment. The inner wall of the valve sleeve is provided with a retaining ring above the piston segment. The retaining ring and the step surface in the first hole segment limit the piston segment.

[0012] Preferably, the linear expansion coefficients of the materials used for the valve core and the valve sleeve are consistent.

[0013] Preferably, the outer wall of the valve core is provided with sealing grooves above and below the annular groove, and the first dynamic sealing structure and the second dynamic sealing structure are respectively made of polymer composite materials sintered in the sealing grooves.

[0014] Preferably, the first radial hole, the intermediate radial hole, and the second radial hole each comprise a plurality of radial holes uniformly distributed on the same cross section; a first circumferential seam communicating with the first radial hole, an intermediate circumferential seam communicating with the intermediate radial hole, and a second circumferential seam communicating with the second radial hole are formed sequentially from top to bottom between the outer wall of the valve sleeve and the inner wall of the mounting cavity; a first reversing port A, a second reversing port B, and an oil inlet P are provided on the cavity wall of the mounting cavity, the first reversing port A communicating with the first circumferential seam, the oil inlet P communicating with the intermediate circumferential seam, the second reversing port B communicating with the second circumferential seam, the first radial hole communicating with the actuator through the first circumferential seam and the first reversing port A, and the second radial hole communicating with the actuator through the second circumferential seam and the second reversing port B.

[0015] Preferably, a first sealing ring, an intermediate sealing ring, and a second sealing ring are sequentially provided from top to bottom between the outer wall of the lower part of the valve sleeve and the cavity wall of the mounting cavity. The first sealing ring is located between the first annular seam and the intermediate annular seam, the intermediate sealing ring is located between the intermediate annular seam and the second annular seam, and the second sealing ring is located below the second annular seam.

[0016] Preferably, the cavity wall of the mounting cavity is provided with a control port C communicating with the control cavity, a first control sealing ring is provided between the valve cover and the cavity wall of the mounting cavity above the control port C, and a second control sealing ring is provided between the valve sleeve and the cavity wall of the mounting cavity below the control port C. The first control sealing ring and the second control sealing ring are used to seal the control cavity.

[0017] Preferably, the valve cover has a first thread on its outer wall, and the valve cover and the mounting cavity are fixedly connected by the first thread; the outer wall of the valve sleeve has a second thread above the first radial hole, and the outer wall of the valve sleeve has a boss above the second thread; the cavity wall of the mounting cavity has a positioning step at a position corresponding to the boss; the valve sleeve and the mounting cavity are fixedly connected by the second thread, and the assembly height of the valve sleeve is positioned by the boss contacting the positioning step.

[0018] In summary, compared with the prior art, the above-described technical solutions conceived by this invention have the following technical effects:

[0019] 1. The cartridge-type two-position four-way directional valve proposed in this invention features a control chamber through which control oil acts on the valve core, and a reset structure also acts on the valve core. An annular groove on the lower outer wall of the valve core connects to a central radial hole and optionally to a first and second radial hole, thereby controlling the up-and-down movement of the valve core to achieve two-position four-way directional control. Furthermore, by filling the control chamber with control oil and connecting the oil passage through the lower end of the valve core to the return port T, both the inner and outer cavities of the valve core are filled with hydraulic oil. This allows the environmental pressures inside and outside the valve core to cancel each other out. During operation, the force on the valve core is the effective pressure applied by the reset structure in the control chamber. The valve core and valve sleeve do not need to withstand the environmental pressure from the application environment, thus enabling the directional valve to operate stably over a wide pressure range and improving its adaptability to environmental pressure.

[0020] 2. By providing a first radial hole, an intermediate radial hole, and a second radial hole, each comprising multiple radial holes evenly distributed on the same cross section, the present invention can balance the radial hydraulic pressure on the valve core inside the valve sleeve, thereby preventing the occurrence of hydraulic jamming.

[0021] 3. In this invention, the materials of the valve sleeve and valve core are preferably materials with the same linear expansion coefficient, so that when the directional valve is applied to different temperature conditions, the thermal deformation caused by temperature changes to the valve sleeve and valve core is consistent. This is conducive to the normal and stable operation of the valve sleeve and valve core under different temperature environments, making the directional valve suitable for different temperature environments and giving the directional valve a wide temperature environment adaptability.

[0022] 4. The first and second dynamic sealing structures are fixed to the valve core by sintering polymer composite materials, which improves the stability of the connection between the dynamic sealing structure and the valve core, thereby improving the reliability of the dynamic sealing structure. Moreover, the sintering fixing method is more suitable for thin-walled valve cores with internal oil passages, which helps to reduce the depth of the sealing groove while ensuring the connection is firm, thus ensuring the structural rigidity of the valve core and improving its service life. In addition, the polymer composite material has good high temperature resistance, which is conducive to the normal sealing of working oil in a wide temperature environment and ensures the normal operation performance of the cartridge-type two-position four-way directional valve.

[0023] 5. In this invention, the valve cover and the mounting cavity, as well as the valve sleeve and the mounting cavity, are all fixedly connected by threads, which can ensure assembly strength while facilitating subsequent disassembly and maintenance, and has strong interchangeability, making it easy for mass production. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the cartridge-type two-position four-way directional valve of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the valve core of the cartridge-type two-position four-way directional valve of the present invention in the first position.

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the valve core of the cartridge-type two-position four-way directional valve of the present invention in the second position.

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the hydraulic reversing circuit provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] In all the accompanying drawings, the same reference numerals are used to denote the same elements or structures, wherein:

[0029] 1-Retaining ring, 2-Piston seal ring, 3-Valve sleeve, 4-Reset structure, 5-Radial oil passage, 6-Valve core, 7-Axial oil passage, 8-First dynamic seal structure, 9-First radial hole, 10-Inlet P, 11-Intermediate radial hole, 12-Second dynamic seal structure, 13-Second seal ring, 14-Return port T, 15-Valve cover, 16-Valve cover seal ring, 17-First thread, 18-Control chamber, 19-First control seal ring, 20-Control port C, 21-Second control seal ring, 22-Second thread, 23-First reversing port A, 24-First seal ring, 25-Annular groove, 26-Intermediate seal ring, 27-Second reversing port B, 28-Second radial hole. Detailed Implementation

[0030] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention. Furthermore, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of this invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0031] In embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 1 As shown, the cartridge-type two-position four-way directional valve is installed into the mounting cavity and includes a valve cover 15, a valve sleeve 3, and a valve core 6. The valve cover 15 and valve sleeve 3 are stationary components, while the valve core 6 is a moving component. The valve cover 15 is fixedly connected to the opening above the mounting cavity, enclosing the valve sleeve 3 and valve core 6 within the mounting cavity. The valve sleeve 3 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the mounting cavity. The valve sleeve 3 has a through-hole extending vertically, and the valve core 6 is slidably disposed within this through-hole. By providing control oil in the control cavity 18 and connecting the oil passage through the lower end of the valve core 6 to the return port T14, both the inner and outer cavities of the valve core 6 are filled with hydraulic oil. This allows the environmental pressures inside and outside the valve core 6 to cancel each other out. During operation, the force on the valve core 6 is the effective pressure applied by the control cavity to overcome the reset structure 4, thereby enabling the directional valve to operate stably over a wide pressure range and improving its adaptability to environmental pressure.

[0032] The upper parts of the valve cover 15, valve sleeve 3, and valve core 6 enclose a control cavity 18, which contains control oil. This control oil is used to pressurize and move the valve core 6 from a first position to a second position. A reset structure 4 is also connected between the valve core 6 and the valve sleeve 3. This reset structure 4 is used to reset the valve core 6 from the second position to the first position when the control oil pressure decreases. The lower part of the valve sleeve 3 has a first radial hole 9, a middle radial hole 11, and a second radial hole 28 radially penetrating from top to bottom. The middle radial hole 11 communicates with an oil inlet P10 located on the cavity wall of the mounting cavity, which provides working oil. The lower outer wall of the valve core 6 has an annular groove 25, which remains in communication with the middle radial hole 11 during the movement of the valve core 6. A first dynamic sealing structure 8 and a second dynamic sealing structure 12 are respectively provided above and below the annular groove 25 between the valve core 6 and the valve sleeve 3 to seal the working oil.

[0033] When the oil pressure of the control oil increases, such as Figure 3As shown, the oil pressure of the control oil acts on the upper part of the valve core 6, causing the valve core 6 to overcome the resistance of the elasticity of the reset structure 4 and the friction between components, pushing the valve core 6 downward to the second position. When the valve core 6 is in the second position, the annular groove 25 connects the intermediate radial hole 11 and the second radial hole 28, so that the working oil passes through the oil inlet P10, the intermediate radial hole 11, the annular groove 25, and the second radial hole 28 in sequence, and then transmits the working oil to the actuator connected to the second radial hole 28; when the oil pressure of the control oil drops to the oil tank pressure, such as Figure 2 As shown, the elastic force of the reset structure 4 overcomes the friction between the components and pushes the valve core 6 from the second position to the first position. When the valve core 6 is in the first position, the annular groove 25 connects the intermediate radial hole 11 and the first radial hole 9, so that the working oil passes through the oil inlet P10, the intermediate radial hole 11, the annular groove 25 and the first radial hole 9 in sequence, and then transmits the working oil to the actuator connected to the first radial hole 9.

[0034] Specifically, the valve core 6 is divided into a piston section and a guide section from top to bottom. The diameter of the piston section is larger than the diameter of the guide section. The through hole is correspondingly divided into a first hole section and a second hole section from top to bottom. The diameter of the first hole section is larger than the diameter of the second hole section. A piston sealing ring 2, made of fluororubber, is provided on the side wall of the piston section. The piston section is slidably sealed to the valve sleeve 3 in the first hole section through the piston sealing ring 2. The guide section is slidably sealed to the valve sleeve 3 in the second hole section through the first dynamic sealing structure 8 and the second dynamic sealing structure 12. The axial length of the piston section is smaller than the axial length of the first hole section. The reset structure 4 includes an elastic body, which is sleeved on the valve core 6 and located between the piston section and the stepped surfaces where the first and second hole sections meet.

[0035] Specifically, the oil passage includes an axial oil passage 7 and a radial oil passage 5 that are connected. The lower end of the axial oil passage 7 is connected to the return oil port T14. The inner wall of the valve sleeve 3 and the valve core 6 enclose each other to form a moving cavity. The radial oil passage 5 is connected to the moving cavity. Thus, the oil in the oil tank fills the oil passage and the moving cavity through the return oil port T14, so that the internal and external environmental pressures of the moving cavity cancel each other out. This is beneficial to the stable operation of the valve core 6 under a wide pressure range and improves its adaptability to environmental pressure.

[0036] Specifically, the first orifice is again designed as a stepped orifice, and the diameter of the upper orifice of the first orifice is larger than the diameter of the lower orifice. The piston segment is matched and connected to the upper orifice of the first orifice. The stepped surface within the first orifice limits the piston. The valve core 6 reaches a second position when it moves downward until the lower end of the piston segment contacts the stepped surface within the first orifice. The inner wall of the valve sleeve 3 is provided with a retaining ring 1 above the piston segment. The retaining ring 1 limits the piston. The valve core 6 reaches a first position when it moves upward until it contacts the retaining ring 1. The retaining ring 1 can be made of 65Mn spring steel or other materials with high strength and toughness, and is not limited here.

[0037] Specifically, the valve sleeve 3 and valve core 6 are made of materials with high temperature resistance and similar or equal linear expansion coefficients, such as 17-4PH stainless steel and Monel K500 alloy. This ensures that when the directional valve is applied to different temperature environments between room temperature and 200°C, the thermal deformation of the valve sleeve 3 and valve core 6 caused by temperature changes is consistent. This facilitates the normal and stable operation of the valve sleeve 3 and valve core 6 under different temperature environments, making the directional valve suitable for different temperature environments and giving it wide temperature adaptability. The specific material selection needs to be based on the actual application scenario to preset the allowable difference threshold, thereby ensuring normal normal performance within the actual temperature variation range. No specific limitations are imposed here.

[0038] In some embodiments, sealing grooves are provided above and below the annular groove 25, and the depth of the sealing grooves is greater than the depth of the annular groove 25. The first dynamic sealing structure 8 and the second dynamic sealing structure 12 are respectively made of polymer composite materials, which have high mechanical strength, high temperature resistance, and corrosion resistance. By sintering in the sealing grooves, the sealing of the working oil is maintained under wide pressure and wide temperature environments. The first dynamic sealing structure 8 and the second dynamic sealing structure 12 can also be made of other composite materials with high mechanical strength, high temperature resistance, and corrosion resistance, such as carbon fiber reinforced polyetheretherketone, modified polyamide imide, etc., which are not limited here. The annular groove 25 between the first dynamic sealing structure 8 and the second dynamic sealing structure 12 is filled with working oil. Since the gap between the valve sleeve 3 and the valve core 6 is filled with oil from the oil tank, the pressure on the first dynamic sealing structure 8 and the second dynamic sealing structure 12 is reduced to the pressure difference between the working oil pressure and the oil pressure in the oil tank.

[0039] As a further preferred embodiment, the first radial hole 9, the intermediate radial hole 11, and the second radial hole 28 each include a plurality of radial holes evenly distributed on the same cross section, so that the radial hydraulic pressure on the valve core 6 cancels each other out, avoiding hydraulic jamming of the valve core 6. From top to bottom, the outer wall of the valve sleeve 3 and the inner wall of the mounting cavity are sequentially formed with a first annular seam communicating with the first radial hole 9, an intermediate annular seam communicating with the intermediate radial hole 11, and a second annular seam communicating with the second radial hole 28. The cavity wall of the mounting cavity is provided with a first reversing port A 23, a second reversing port B 27, and an oil inlet P10. The first reversing port A 23 communicates with the first annular seam, and the second reversing port B 27 communicates with the second annular seam. The first radial hole 9 communicates with the actuator through the first annular seam and the first reversing port A 23, and the second radial hole 28 communicates with the actuator through the second annular seam and the second reversing port B 27. The oil inlet P10 communicates with the intermediate radial hole 11 through the intermediate annular seam.

[0040] Specifically, a first sealing ring 24, an intermediate sealing ring 26, and a second sealing ring 13 are sequentially arranged from top to bottom between the lower outer wall of the valve sleeve 3 and the cavity wall of the mounting cavity. The first sealing ring 24 is located between the first annular seam and the intermediate annular seam, the intermediate sealing ring 26 is located between the intermediate annular seam and the second annular seam, and the second sealing ring 13 is located below the second annular seam. The first sealing ring 24, the intermediate sealing ring 26, and the second sealing ring 13 all employ static sealing, using fluororubber O-rings for holes to prevent oil leakage.

[0041] In some embodiments, the cavity wall of the mounting cavity is provided with a control port C 20 communicating with the control cavity 18. A first control sealing ring 19 is provided between the valve cover 15 and the cavity wall of the mounting cavity above the control port C 20, and a second control sealing ring 21 is provided between the valve sleeve 3 and the cavity wall of the mounting cavity below the control port C 20. The first control sealing ring 19 and the second control sealing ring 21 are used to seal the control cavity 18. A pressurizing device is connected to the control port C 20 to provide pressurized control oil to the control cavity 18.

[0042] In some embodiments, the outer wall of the valve cover 15 is provided with a first thread 17 above the first control sealing ring 19. The valve cover 15 and the mounting cavity are fixedly connected by the first thread 17, which can reduce the impact of wide temperature environments on the structure and the risk of thermal deformation, while facilitating subsequent disassembly and maintenance. A valve cover sealing ring 16 is provided above the first thread 17, which, together with the first control sealing ring 19, provides a secondary radial seal between the valve cover 15 and the inner wall of the mounting cavity. Both are axial sealing rings using static sealing, which can effectively prevent control oil leakage and block external dust, moisture and other impurities from entering the equipment. At the same time, their elasticity and plasticity compensate for the error between the valve cover 15 and the inner wall of the mounting cavity, preventing the valve cover 15 from axially moving.

[0043] In some embodiments, the outer wall of the valve sleeve 3 is provided with a second thread 22 above the first radial hole 9, and the outer wall of the valve sleeve 3 is provided with a boss above the second thread 22. The cavity wall of the mounting cavity is provided with a positioning step corresponding to the assembly height of the boss. The valve sleeve 3 and the mounting cavity are positioned at the assembly height by contacting the boss and the positioning step, and are fixedly connected by the second thread 22. This ensures assembly strength while facilitating subsequent disassembly and maintenance, strong interchangeability, and easy mass production.

[0044] As a further preferred embodiment, a cartridge-type two-position four-way directional valve is installed in a mounting cavity, which is located on a valve block externally connected to a solenoid pilot valve. The input end of the solenoid pilot valve is connected to the booster device, and the output end is connected to control port C20, used to control the on / off flow of control oil supplied by the booster device. The connection relationship is as follows: Figure 4 As shown, when the electromagnetic pilot valve is in the closed state, the electromagnetic pilot valve is unloaded, the oil pressure in the control chamber 18 drops, the reset structure 4 overcomes the friction of the sealing ring and the oil resistance, and resets, driving the valve core 6 to move upward to the first position. The working oil flows through the first radial hole 9 to the actuator connected to the first reversing port A 23, and the oil in the actuator connected to the second reversing port B 27 flows back to the valve sleeve 3 through the second radial hole, and connects with the return port T14. When the electromagnetic pilot valve is in the open state, the pressurized control oil flows into the control chamber 18, making the oil pressure in the control chamber 18 higher than the oil pressure at the return port T14, so that the valve core 6 overcomes the elastic force of the reset structure 4 and the friction of the sealing ring, and moves downward to the second position. The working oil flows through the second radial hole 28 to the actuator connected to the second reversing port B 27, and the oil in the actuator connected to the first reversing port A 23 flows back to the valve sleeve 3 through the first radial hole, and connects with the return port T14. In this embodiment, a valve block and an electromagnetic pilot valve are used in conjunction with the present invention. Obviously, the present invention can also be used in conjunction with other related structures, instruments or equipment. Therefore, the connection structure of the valve block and the electromagnetic pilot valve and simple variations thereof should not be construed as limitations on the present invention.

[0045] The valve sleeve 3 and valve core 6 provided in this embodiment are made of materials with high temperature resistance and similar or equal linear expansion coefficients. The inner and outer cavities of the valve core 6 are filled with hydraulic oil so that the environmental pressure inside and outside the valve core 6 cancels each other out. This is suitable for deep-earth areas where the environmental temperature and environmental pressure can vary within a wide range, such as in drilling and logging. During the process of the cartridge-type two-position four-way directional valve going deep into the well, the environment it is in rises from normal temperature and pressure at the surface to high temperature and high pressure underground. The environmental temperature range in this field is from normal temperature to 200℃, and the environmental pressure range is from 0 to 140MPa, or even higher.

[0046] The valve sleeve 3 and valve core 6 provided in this embodiment are made of high-temperature resistant materials with equal or similar linear expansion coefficients, making them suitable for deep space environments where the ambient temperature varies over a wide range and the ambient pressure is relatively stable. For example, in the space station field, the cartridge-type two-position four-way directional valve may be located inside or outside the space station. Inside the station, it is in a normal pressure environment, while outside the station, it is in a high vacuum environment. When going deep into the space environment at a distance of about 400km from the ground, the surface temperature of the space station can reach about 150°C under direct sunlight. Therefore, the ambient temperature where the cartridge-type two-position four-way directional valve is located can reach 150°C.

[0047] The valve core 6 described in this embodiment is filled with hydraulic oil in its inner and outer cavities, which makes the environmental pressure inside and outside the valve core 6 cancel each other out. It is also suitable for deep-sea areas where the environmental pressure varies over a wide range and the environmental temperature is relatively stable, such as the field of seabed exploration. During the operation of the cartridge-type two-position four-way directional valve on the seabed, the working pressure can be gradually increased from the normal pressure environment at sea level to a high-pressure environment of about 120MPa. The diving depth is about 11,000m. With the change of seawater depth, the environmental pressure varies from 0 to 120MPa and the environmental temperature varies from normal temperature to about 6℃.

[0048] Those skilled in the art will readily understand that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cartridge two position four way directional control valve for mounting in a mounting cavity, characterized by, The valve cover (15) is fixedly and sealingly connected at the opening above the installation cavity, the valve sleeve (3) is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the installation cavity, the inside of the valve sleeve (3) is provided with a through hole penetrating from top to bottom, and the valve core (6) is slidably arranged in the through hole; the upper part of the valve cover (15), the valve sleeve (3) and the valve core (6) enclose to form a control cavity (18), the control cavity (18) contains control oil, the control oil is used for pushing the valve core (6) to move from a first position to a second position downwardly by pressure increasing, the valve core (6) and the valve sleeve (3) are further connected with a reset structure (4), the reset structure (4) is used for resetting the valve core (6) from the second position to the first position when the control oil is depressurized, the inside of the valve core (6) is provided with an oil channel penetrating through the lower end of the valve core (6), the oil channel is used for communicating with an oil return port T (14) provided on the cavity wall of the installation cavity, the valve core (6) is divided into a piston section and a guide section from top to bottom, the diameter of the piston section is greater than that of the guide section, the through hole is correspondingly divided into a first hole section and a second hole section from top to bottom, in the first hole section, the inner wall of the valve sleeve (3) and the valve core (6) enclose to form a moving cavity, and the moving cavity communicates with the oil channel. The lower part of the valve sleeve (3) is sequentially provided with a first radial hole (9), an intermediate radial hole (11) and a second radial hole (28) from top to bottom; the intermediate radial hole (11) is used for communicating with an oil inlet port P (10) provided on the cavity wall of the installation cavity, and the oil inlet port P (10) is used for providing working oil; the lower part of the outer wall of the valve core (6) is provided with an annular groove (25), and the first dynamic sealing structure (8) and the second dynamic sealing structure (12) are arranged above and below the annular groove (25) between the valve core (6) and the valve sleeve (3); when the valve core (6) switches between the first position and the second position, the intermediate radial hole (11) keeps in communication with the annular groove (25), the annular groove (25) selectively communicates with the first radial hole (9) and the second radial hole (28), so as to deliver working oil to an execution element through the first radial hole (9) or the second radial hole (28).

2. The cartridge two position four-way directional control valve of claim 1 wherein, The diameter of the first hole section is greater than that of the second hole section, the piston section is in sliding sealing connection with the valve sleeve (3) in the first hole section, and the guide section is in sliding sealing connection with the valve sleeve (3) in the second hole section through the first dynamic sealing structure (8) and the second dynamic sealing structure (12); the axial length of the piston section is less than that of the first hole section, the reset structure (4) comprises an elastic body, the elastic body is sleeved on the valve core (6) and located between the piston section and the step surface where the first hole section and the second hole section meet.

3. The cartridge two position four-way directional control valve of claim 2 wherein, The first hole section is again divided into two hole sections from top to bottom, and the hole section at the top of the first hole section has a larger diameter than the hole section at the bottom, the piston section is in matched contact with the hole section at the top of the first hole section, and the inner wall of the valve sleeve (3) is provided with a check ring (1) above the piston section, and the check ring (1) and the step surface in the first hole section limit the piston section.

4. Cartridge two-position four-way directional valve according to any of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The valve core (6) and the valve sleeve (3) are made of materials with consistent linear expansion coefficients.

5. Cartridge two-position four-way directional control valve according to any of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that The outer wall of the valve core (6) is provided with sealing grooves above and below the annular groove (25), and the first dynamic sealing structure (8) and the second dynamic sealing structure (12) are sintered in the sealing grooves by high polymer composite materials.

6. The cartridge two position four-way directional control valve according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein The first radial hole (9), the intermediate radial hole (11) and the second radial hole (28) each include a plurality of radial holes uniformly distributed on the same section; a first ring gap in communication with the first radial hole (9), an intermediate ring gap in communication with the intermediate radial hole (11) and a second ring gap in communication with the second radial hole (28) are sequentially formed between the outer wall of the valve sleeve (3) and the inner wall of the mounting cavity from top to bottom; the cavity wall of the mounting cavity is provided with a first reversing port A (23), a second reversing port B (27) and the oil inlet P (10), the first reversing port A (23) is in communication with the first ring gap, the oil inlet P (10) is in communication with the intermediate ring gap, the second reversing port B (27) is in communication with the second ring gap, the first radial hole (9) is in communication with the actuating element through the first ring gap and the first reversing port A (23), and the second radial hole (28) is in communication with the actuating element through the second ring gap and the second reversing port B (27).

7. The cartridge two position four-way directional control valve of claim 6 wherein, The outer wall of the lower part of the valve sleeve (3) and the cavity wall of the mounting cavity are sequentially provided with a first sealing ring (24), an intermediate sealing ring (26) and a second sealing ring (13) from top to bottom, the first sealing ring (24) is located between the first ring gap and the intermediate ring gap, the intermediate sealing ring (26) is located between the intermediate ring gap and the second ring gap, and the second sealing ring (13) is located below the second ring gap.

8. The cartridge style two position four-way directional control valve of claim 1 wherein, The cavity wall of the mounting cavity is provided with a control port C (20) in communication with the control cavity (18), a first control sealing ring (19) is arranged between the valve cover (15) and the cavity wall of the mounting cavity above the control port C (20), a second control sealing ring (21) is arranged between the valve sleeve (3) and the cavity wall of the mounting cavity below the control port C (20), and the first control sealing ring (19) and the second control sealing ring (21) are used to seal the control cavity (18).

9. The cartridge style two position four-way directional control valve of claim 1 wherein, The valve cover (15) is provided with a first thread (17) on the outer wall, and the valve cover (15) is fixedly connected with the mounting cavity through the first thread (17); the outer wall of the valve sleeve (3) is provided with a second thread (22) above the first radial hole (9), and the outer wall of the valve sleeve (3) is provided with a boss above the second thread (22), and the cavity wall of the mounting cavity is provided with a positioning step at the corresponding position of the boss, and the valve sleeve (3) is fixedly connected with the mounting cavity through the second thread (22), and the assembly height of the valve sleeve (3) is positioned through the contact between the boss and the positioning step.

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