A self-humidifying hydrogen catalytic combustion system and method based on reflux.

Abstract

This invention discloses a reflux-based self-humidifying and regulating hydrogen catalytic combustion system and method. The reflux-based self-humidifying and regulating hydrogen catalytic combustion system includes an oxygen supply component, a hydrogen supply component, a mixed gas pressure detection component, a mixed gas humidity detection component, a mixed gas hydrogen concentration detection component, a hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor, a post-reaction hydrogen concentration detection component, and a reaction gas circulation component. The reflux-based self-humidifying and regulating hydrogen catalytic combustion system of this invention has a simple structure, low energy consumption, and can achieve safe, stable, and thorough catalytic combustion of unused hydrogen, solving the problem of incomplete hydrogen combustion during the start-up phase of hydrogen catalytic combustion.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of energy technology, and in particular to a self-humidifying and regulating hydrogen catalytic combustion system and method based on reflux. Background Technology

[0002] Hydrogen, as the most abundant element in the universe, boasts wide availability, diverse applications, high calorific value, zero carbon emissions, and renewable characteristics, making it considered one of the most promising energy sources of the 21st century. Currently, hydrogen energy is widely used in transportation, industry, electronics, and construction. Furthermore, it can serve as an energy reserve to address the energy crisis, thus presenting a significant development opportunity for the hydrogen energy industry. However, with the rapid development of the hydrogen energy industry, the disposal of leaked, unused hydrogen during storage, transportation, and use is receiving increasing attention. On one hand, releasing hydrogen in enclosed or poorly ventilated environments can easily lead to hydrogen accumulation, posing a risk of combustion and explosion, as seen in enclosed or semi-enclosed applications such as hydrogen-powered submarines, hydrogen-powered subways, and hydrogen-powered mining trucks. On the other hand, while hydrogen is a clean energy source, it can react with ozone in the stratosphere, damaging the ozone layer. Additionally, hydrogen reacts with hydroxyl radicals in the air, reducing the number of hydroxyl radicals that react with methane in the atmosphere. Large-scale hydrogen emissions can also exacerbate the greenhouse effect.

[0003] Hydrogen catalytic combustion technology is an effective method for treating unused hydrogen. It primarily involves passing a hydrogen-oxygen mixture of a certain concentration through a reactor carrying a Pd or Pt-based catalyst. Under the catalyst's action, a hydrogen-oxygen chemical reaction occurs, producing water and effectively eliminating hydrogen, thus preventing the direct release of high-concentration hydrogen into the air. Many factors influence the effectiveness of hydrogen catalytic combustion, one important aspect being the water vapor content, i.e., gas humidity. Existing hydrogen catalytic combustion technologies with non-humidified hydrogen elimination systems tend to result in high hydrogen reaction temperatures, long flame propagation distances, and uneven gas mixing. During the start-up phase, the hydrogen elimination rate is low, and the lack of reactant gas recirculation can lead to the direct release of incompletely reacted hydrogen. Hydrogen elimination systems with humidifiers have higher power consumption and larger size, increasing operating costs and space requirements. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a reflux-based self-humidifying and regulating hydrogen catalytic combustion system. The reflux-based self-humidifying and regulating hydrogen catalytic combustion system of this invention has a simple structure, low energy consumption, and can achieve safe, stable, and thorough catalytic combustion of unused hydrogen, solving the problem of incomplete hydrogen combustion during the start-up phase of hydrogen catalytic combustion.

[0005] One embodiment of this application provides a self-humidifying and regulating hydrogen catalytic combustion system based on reflux.

[0006] A self-humidifying and regulating hydrogen catalytic combustion system based on reflux includes an oxygen supply component, a hydrogen supply component, a mixed gas pressure detection component, a mixed gas humidity detection component, a mixed gas hydrogen concentration detection component, a hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor, a post-reaction hydrogen concentration detection component, and a reaction gas circulation component. The oxygen supply component and the hydrogen supply component are connected in parallel and then connected to the hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor via a mixing pipe. The hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor is also connected to the reaction gas circulation component via a reflux pipe. The reaction gas circulation component is located in the mixing pipe for reflux of the post-reaction gas carrying water vapor. The mixing pipe is equipped with the mixed gas pressure detection component, the mixed gas humidity detection component, and the mixed gas hydrogen concentration detection component. The mixed gas pressure detection component monitors the pressure of the mixed gas within the mixing pipe to control the pressure at the inlet of the hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor. The system includes a mixed-gas humidity detection component to monitor the humidity of the mixed gas in the mixing pipe, thereby adjusting the flow rate of the return gas in the return pipe. A mixed-gas hydrogen concentration detection component monitors the hydrogen concentration of the mixed gas in the mixing pipe, thereby adjusting the hydrogen ratio in the mixed gas. The hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor is filled with at least Pd-based and Pt-based catalysts to achieve hydrogen catalytic combustion. The exhaust port of the hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor is connected to an exhaust pipe, and the mixing pipe is also connected to a safety venting pipe. A post-reaction hydrogen concentration detection component is installed on the exhaust pipe to monitor the hydrogen concentration of the gas entering the exhaust pipe after the hydrogen removal reaction, thereby determining whether all the gas entering the exhaust pipe after the reaction needs to be circulated back to the mixing pipe for a secondary reaction based on the post-reaction hydrogen concentration.

[0007] In some embodiments, the oxygen supply component includes an oxygen supply pipeline, an oxygen supply pump, an oxygen flow meter, and an oxygen pressure detection component. One end of the oxygen supply pipeline is connected to an oxygen source, and the other end of the oxygen supply pipeline is connected to the mixing pipeline. The oxygen supply pump, the oxygen flow meter, and the oxygen pressure detection component are respectively disposed on the oxygen supply pipeline.

[0008] In some embodiments, the hydrogen supply component includes a hydrogen supply pipeline, a hydrogen supply pump, a hydrogen flow meter, and a hydrogen pressure detection component. One end of the hydrogen supply pipeline is connected to a hydrogen source, and the other end of the hydrogen supply pipeline is connected to the mixing pipeline. The hydrogen supply pump, the hydrogen flow meter, and the hydrogen pressure detection component are respectively disposed on the hydrogen supply pipeline.

[0009] In some embodiments, the reflux-based self-humidifying hydrogen catalytic combustion system further includes a reactor temperature detection component connected to the hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor. The reactor temperature detection component is used to monitor the reaction temperature inside the hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor in order to adjust and correct the hydrogen concentration in the mixed gas in the mixing pipe, preventing excessively high hydrogen concentration from causing violent reactions and excessively high temperatures.

[0010] In some embodiments, the reflux-based self-humidifying regulating hydrogen catalytic combustion system further includes an exhaust solenoid valve disposed on the exhaust pipe for controlling the emission of post-reaction gases.

[0011] In some embodiments, the reflux-based self-humidifying regulating hydrogen catalytic combustion system further includes a safety valve disposed on the safety relief line for discharging the mixed gas in the mixing pipeline in emergency situations including fire or severe overheating.

[0012] In some embodiments, the return pipe is connected to the mixing pipe at a position between the gas-mixing pressure detection component and the gas-mixing humidity detection component.

[0013] In some embodiments, the reflux-based self-humidifying regulating hydrogen catalytic combustion system further includes a flame arrester disposed on the mixing pipe and close to the hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor.

[0014] In some embodiments, the reaction gas circulation component includes a gas circulation pump, which is used to control the flow rate of the circulating gas by controlling the rotational speed;

[0015] Alternatively, the reaction gas circulation component includes a proportional solenoid valve and an ejector. The proportional solenoid valve is disposed on the reflux pipe, and the ejector is disposed on the mixing pipe. The reflux pipe is connected to the ejector. The proportional solenoid valve is used to control the flow rate of the circulating gas by adjusting the duty cycle, and the ejector is used to control the flow rate of the circulating gas by adjusting its throat diameter.

[0016] One embodiment of this application also provides a self-humidifying and regulating hydrogen catalytic combustion method based on reflux.

[0017] A reflux-based self-humidifying and regulating hydrogen catalytic combustion method, using the aforementioned reflux-based self-humidifying and regulating hydrogen catalytic combustion system, includes the following steps:

[0018] The oxygen supply component and the hydrogen supply component supply gas separately, and the gas is mixed according to the target hydrogen concentration requirement. The mixed gas enters the hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor through the mixing pipe to carry out the catalytic combustion reaction. The gas after the catalytic combustion reaction enters the exhaust pipe or the return pipe.

[0019] When the hydrogen concentration C in the gas after the reaction is greater than or equal to the threshold C1, it indicates that the hydrogen concentration in the gas after the reaction is too high and the hydrogen reaction is incomplete. The exhaust pipe is closed and the gas after the reaction is controlled to enter the mixing pipe after passing through the return pipe for a secondary reaction. C1 is the target hydrogen concentration of greater than or equal to 5%.

[0020] When the hydrogen concentration C in the gas after the reaction is less than the threshold C1, it is determined whether the humidity H of the gas after the reaction is greater than the threshold H1, where the threshold H1 is 50%.

[0021] When the humidity H of the gas after reaction is greater than or equal to the threshold H1, all the gas after reaction is controlled to be discharged through the exhaust pipe. When the humidity H of the gas after reaction is less than the threshold H1, part of the gas after reaction is controlled to enter the return pipe. According to the mixed gas humidity requirements, the reaction gas circulation component controls the humidity of the mixed gas in the mixing pipe to the target humidity range.

[0022] The aforementioned self-humidifying and regulating hydrogen catalytic combustion system based on reflux can be applied to the field of hydrogen catalytic combustion technology. By employing a reflux circulation method, the gas carrying water vapor after the reaction re-enters the mixing pipe, increasing the humidity of the mixed gas within the pipe. This effectively solves the problems of high hydrogen reaction temperature, long flame propagation distance, and uneven gas mixing, ensuring a stable and safe hydrogen catalytic combustion reaction. It also addresses the issue of incomplete hydrogen combustion during the start-up phase, achieving secondary reaction and complete hydrogen elimination. This application eliminates the need for a humidifier or reduces its specifications, saving energy and system space. Specifically, the aforementioned self-humidifying and regulating hydrogen catalytic combustion system based on reflux circulation controls the flow rate of the refluxed gas after the reaction, based on real-time feedback from the gas humidity detection component at the front end of the hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor, thereby humidifying the mixed gas. Then, based on real-time feedback from the hydrogen concentration detection component at the rear end of the reactor, it determines whether all the gas after the reaction needs to be circulated to achieve complete hydrogen elimination.

[0023] In summary, the self-humidifying and regulating hydrogen catalytic combustion system based on reflux proposed in this application has the following advantages:

[0024] (1) By humidifying the gas after the reaction by recirculating it, the size of the humidifier can be reduced or the humidifier in the system can be eliminated, saving space and energy consumption.

[0025] (2) The humidified mixed gas can effectively solve the problems of high hydrogen reaction temperature, long flame propagation distance and uneven gas mixing.

[0026] (3) Solve the problems of low hydrogen catalytic combustion rate and incomplete hydrogen catalytic combustion in the start-up stage of the hydrogen catalytic combustion system. Attached Figure Description

[0027] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0028] To gain a more complete understanding of this application and its beneficial effects, the following description will be provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the following description, the same reference numerals denote the same parts.

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a self-humidifying and regulating hydrogen catalytic combustion system based on reflux, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a self-humidifying and regulating hydrogen catalytic combustion system based on reflux, according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a self-humidifying and regulating hydrogen catalytic combustion system based on reflux, according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a self-humidifying hydrogen catalytic combustion method based on reflux, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures

[0034] 100. Oxygen supply component; 200. Hydrogen supply component; 300. Mixed gas pressure detection component; 400. Mixed gas humidity detection component; 500. Mixed gas hydrogen concentration detection component; 600. Flame arrester; 700. Hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor; 800. Reactor temperature detection component; 900. Post-reaction hydrogen concentration detection component; 1000. Exhaust solenoid valve; 1100. Reactor gas circulation component; 1101. Gas circulation pump; 1102. Proportional solenoid valve; 1103. Ejector; 1200. Safety valve. Detailed Implementation

[0035] To make the above-mentioned objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention can be practiced in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0036] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0037] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0038] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0039] In the description of this invention, "several" means one or more, "multiple" means two or more, "greater than," "less than," and "exceeding" are understood to exclude the stated number, while "above," "below," and "within" are understood to include the stated number. The use of "first" and "second" in the description is merely for distinguishing technical features and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features, or implicitly indicating the order of the indicated technical features.

[0040] In this document, "optionally," "optionally," and "optional" mean that something is optional, that is, it is selected from either "with" or "without." If multiple "options" appear in a technical solution, unless otherwise specified and there are no contradictions or mutual constraints, each "option" is independent. In this application, descriptions such as "optionally contains" and "optionally includes" indicate "contains or does not contain."

[0041] In this application, when numerical intervals (i.e., numerical ranges) are mentioned, unless otherwise specified, the distribution of selectable numerical values ​​within the numerical interval is considered continuous, and includes the two endpoints of the numerical interval (i.e., the minimum and maximum values), as well as every numerical value between these two endpoints. Unless otherwise specified, when a numerical interval refers only to integers within that numerical interval, it includes the two endpoint integers of the numerical range, as well as every integer between the two endpoints, which is equivalent to directly listing every integer. When multiple numerical ranges are provided to describe features or characteristics, these numerical ranges can be merged. In other words, unless otherwise specified, the numerical ranges disclosed in this application should be understood to include any and all subranges included therein. The "numerical value" in the numerical interval can be any quantitative value, such as a number, percentage, ratio, etc. The term "numerical interval" can be broadly included to include percentage intervals, ratio intervals, proportion intervals, etc.

[0042] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0043] This application provides a self-humidifying and regulating hydrogen catalytic combustion system based on reflux to solve at least one of the following technical problems in the prior art: (1) The humidifier in the hydrogen catalytic combustion system has a large power consumption and volume, which increases the cost of use and the space required for layout; (2) Hydrogen elimination systems without humidification are prone to high hydrogen reaction temperature, long flame propagation distance, and uneven gas mixing; (3) The hydrogen elimination rate of the hydrogen catalytic combustion system in the start-up stage is low, and there is no reaction gas circulation reflux, which easily leads to the direct emission of incompletely reacted hydrogen. The self-humidifying and regulating hydrogen catalytic combustion system based on reflux will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0044] The self-humidifying and regulating hydrogen catalytic combustion system based on reflux provided in this application is exemplary; please refer to [link to example]. Figure 1 As shown, Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a reflux-based self-humidifying and regulating hydrogen catalytic combustion system provided in an embodiment of this application. The reflux-based self-humidifying and regulating hydrogen catalytic combustion system of this application can be used for hydrogen catalytic combustion applications.

[0045] To more clearly illustrate the structure of the reflux-based self-humidifying and regulating hydrogen catalytic combustion system, the following description, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, will be presented.

[0046] For example, please refer to Figure 1 As shown, a self-humidifying and regulating hydrogen catalytic combustion system based on reflux includes an oxygen supply component 100, a hydrogen supply component 200, a mixed gas pressure detection component 300, a mixed gas humidity detection component 400, a mixed gas hydrogen concentration detection component 500, a hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor 700, a post-reaction hydrogen concentration detection component 900, and a reaction gas circulation component 1100.

[0047] Oxygen supply component 100 and hydrogen supply component 200 are connected in parallel and then connected to hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor 700 via a mixing pipe. Hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor 700 is also connected to reaction gas circulation component 1100 via a return pipe. Reaction gas circulation component 1100 is located in the mixing pipe for returning the gas after reaction, which carries water vapor. The mixing pipe is equipped with a mixed gas pressure detection component 300, a mixed gas humidity detection component 400, and a mixed gas hydrogen concentration detection component 500. The mixed gas pressure detection component 300 monitors the pressure of the mixed gas in the mixing pipe to regulate the pressure at the inlet of hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor 700. The mixed gas humidity detection component 400 monitors the humidity of the mixed gas in the mixing pipe to adjust the flow rate of the return gas in the return pipe. The mixed gas hydrogen concentration detection component 500 monitors the hydrogen concentration of the mixed gas in the mixing pipe to regulate the hydrogen ratio in the mixed gas. The hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor 700 is filled with at least Pd-based and Pt-based catalysts to achieve hydrogen catalytic combustion. The exhaust port of the hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor 700 is connected to an exhaust pipe. The mixing pipe is also connected to a safety vent pipe. A post-reaction hydrogen concentration detection unit 900 is installed on the exhaust pipe. The post-reaction hydrogen concentration detection unit 900 is used to monitor the hydrogen concentration of the gas entering the exhaust pipe after the hydrogen elimination reaction, and to determine whether it is necessary to recycle all the gas entering the exhaust pipe after the reaction back into the mixing pipe for a secondary reaction based on the post-reaction hydrogen concentration.

[0048] The aforementioned self-humidifying hydrogen catalytic combustion system based on reflux can be applied to the field of hydrogen catalytic combustion technology. By employing a reflux circulation method, the gas carrying water vapor after the reaction re-enters the mixing pipe, increasing the humidity of the mixed gas in the mixing pipe. This effectively solves the problems of high hydrogen reaction temperature, long flame propagation distance, and uneven gas mixing, enabling the hydrogen catalytic combustion reaction to proceed smoothly and safely. It also solves the problem of incomplete hydrogen combustion during the start-up phase of hydrogen catalytic combustion, achieving secondary reaction and complete hydrogen elimination. This application can eliminate the need for a humidifier or reduce the size of the humidifier, saving energy and system space. Specifically, the aforementioned self-humidifying hydrogen catalytic combustion system based on reflux uses real-time feedback from the mixed gas humidity detection component 400 at the front end of the hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor 700 to control the flow rate of the refluxed gas after reaction through the reaction gas circulation component 1100, thereby achieving the purpose of humidifying the mixed gas. Then, based on the real-time feedback of the hydrogen concentration detected by the hydrogen concentration detection component 900 at the rear end of the hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor 700, it determines whether it is necessary to circulate all the gas after reaction to achieve the purpose of completely eliminating hydrogen.

[0049] In some embodiments, the oxygen supply component 100 includes an oxygen supply pipe, an oxygen supply pump, an oxygen flow meter, and an oxygen pressure detection component. One end of the oxygen supply pipe is connected to an oxygen source, and the other end is connected to a mixing pipe. The oxygen supply pump, oxygen flow meter, and oxygen pressure detection component are respectively disposed on the oxygen supply pipe. The oxygen supply pump, oxygen flow meter, and oxygen pressure detection component are not shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0050] In some embodiments, the hydrogen supply component 200 includes a hydrogen supply pipeline, a hydrogen supply pump, a hydrogen flow meter, and a hydrogen pressure detection component. One end of the hydrogen supply pipeline is connected to a hydrogen source, and the other end is connected to a mixing pipeline. The hydrogen supply pump, hydrogen flow meter, and hydrogen pressure detection component are respectively disposed on the hydrogen supply pipeline. The hydrogen supply pump, hydrogen flow meter, and hydrogen pressure detection component are not shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0051] In some embodiments, the reflux-based self-humidifying regulating hydrogen catalytic combustion system further includes a reactor temperature detection component 800. The reactor temperature detection component 800 is connected to the hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor 700. The reactor temperature detection component 800 is used to monitor the reaction temperature within the hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor 700 to adjust the hydrogen concentration in the mixed gas in the correction mixing pipe, preventing excessively high hydrogen concentrations from causing violent reactions and excessively high temperatures.

[0052] In some embodiments, the oxygen pressure detection component, hydrogen pressure detection component, mixed gas pressure detection component 300, mixed gas humidity detection component 400, mixed gas hydrogen concentration detection component 500, and reactor temperature detection component 800 described above can all be sensors for detecting the corresponding parameters.

[0053] In some embodiments, the reflux-based self-humidifying regulating hydrogen catalytic combustion system also includes an exhaust solenoid valve 1000. The exhaust solenoid valve 1000 is disposed on the exhaust duct for controlling the emission of post-reaction gases.

[0054] In some embodiments, the reflux-based self-humidifying regulating hydrogen catalytic combustion system also includes a safety valve 1200. The safety valve 1200 is located on a safety relief line for discharging the mixed gas mixture within the mixing line in emergency situations, including fire or severe overheating.

[0055] In some embodiments, the return pipe is connected to the mixing pipe at a position between the gas-mixing pressure detection component 300 and the gas-mixing humidity detection component 400.

[0056] In some embodiments, the reflux-based self-humidifying controlled hydrogen catalytic combustion system also includes a flame arrester 600. The flame arrester 600 is disposed on the mixing conduit and is located close to the hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor 700.

[0057] In some of these embodiments, see Figure 2 As shown, Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a self-humidifying and regulating hydrogen catalytic combustion system based on reflux, according to another embodiment of the present invention. The reaction gas circulation component 1100 includes a gas circulation pump 1101. The gas circulation pump 1101 is used to control the flow rate of the circulating gas by controlling its rotational speed.

[0058] In some of these embodiments, see Figure 3 As shown, Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a self-humidifying and regulating hydrogen catalytic combustion system based on reflux, according to another embodiment of the present invention. The reaction gas circulation component 1100 includes a proportional solenoid valve 1102 and an ejector 1103. The proportional solenoid valve 1102 is disposed on the reflux pipe. The ejector 1103 is disposed on the mixing pipe. The reflux pipe is connected to the ejector 1103. The proportional solenoid valve 1102 is used to control the flow rate of the circulating gas by adjusting the duty cycle, and the ejector 1103 is used to control the flow rate of the circulating gas by adjusting its throat diameter.

[0059] One embodiment of this application also provides a self-humidifying and regulating hydrogen catalytic combustion method based on reflux.

[0060] It should be noted that, unless otherwise stated, the reaction steps may be performed in the order described herein or not. For example, other steps may be included between reaction steps, and the order of reaction steps may be appropriately interchanged. This is something that those skilled in the art can determine based on conventional knowledge and experience. Preferably, the reaction methods described herein are performed sequentially.

[0061] See Figure 4 As shown, Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a reflux-based self-humidifying and regulating hydrogen catalytic combustion method according to an embodiment of the present invention. The method, using the aforementioned reflux-based self-humidifying and regulating hydrogen catalytic combustion system, includes the following steps:

[0062] The oxygen supply component 100 and the hydrogen supply component 200 supply gas respectively. The gas is mixed according to the target hydrogen concentration requirement. The mixed gas enters the hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor 700 through the mixing pipe for catalytic combustion reaction. The gas after catalytic combustion reaction enters the exhaust pipe or the return pipe.

[0063] When the hydrogen concentration C in the gas after the reaction is greater than or equal to the threshold C1, it indicates that the hydrogen concentration in the gas after the reaction is too high and the hydrogen reaction is incomplete. The exhaust pipe is closed, and the gas after the reaction is controlled to enter the mixing pipe after passing through the return pipe for a secondary reaction. C1 is the target hydrogen concentration of 5% or greater.

[0064] When the hydrogen concentration C in the gas after the reaction is less than the threshold C1, it is determined whether the humidity H of the gas after the reaction is greater than the threshold H1, which is 50%.

[0065] When the humidity H of the gas after reaction is greater than or equal to the threshold H1, all the gas after reaction is controlled to be discharged through the exhaust pipe. When the humidity H of the gas after reaction is less than the threshold H1, part of the gas after reaction is controlled to enter the return pipe. According to the mixed gas humidity requirements, the reaction gas circulation component 1100 controls the humidity of the mixed gas in the mixing pipe to the target humidity range.

[0066] Example 1

[0067] This embodiment provides a self-humidifying and regulating hydrogen catalytic combustion system based on reflux.

[0068] The self-humidifying and regulating hydrogen catalytic combustion system based on reflux in this embodiment includes: an oxygen supply component 100, a hydrogen supply component 200, a mixed gas pressure detection component 300, a mixed gas humidity detection component 400, a mixed gas hydrogen concentration detection component 500, a flame arrester 600, a hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor 700, a reactor temperature detection component 800, a post-reaction hydrogen concentration detection component 900, an exhaust solenoid valve 1000, a reaction gas circulation component 1100, and a safety valve 1200. The oxygen supply component 100 and the hydrogen supply component 200 are connected in parallel and then connected to the hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor 700 through a mixing pipe. The hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor 700 is also connected to the reaction gas circulation component 1100 through a return pipe. The reaction gas circulation component 1100 is located in the mixing pipe. The mixing pipe is equipped with a mixed gas pressure detection component 300, a mixed gas humidity detection component 400, and a mixed gas hydrogen concentration detection component 500. The reactor temperature detection component 800 is connected to the hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor 700. The exhaust port of the hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor 700 is connected to an exhaust pipe. The hydrogen concentration detection component 900 and the exhaust solenoid valve 1000 are located in the exhaust pipe. The mixing pipe is also connected to a safety relief pipe, and a safety valve 1200 is installed on the safety relief pipe.

[0069] In this embodiment, based on a recirculating self-humidifying hydrogen catalytic combustion system, the combustion modes of the mixture of hydrogen, air (oxygen), and water vapor include diffusion flame, slow or accelerated deflagration, and explosion. The hydrogen combustion mode is determined by the hydrogen concentration, initial conditions, and boundary conditions, among which the initial water vapor concentration has a significant impact on the hydrogen combustion mode. On the one hand, water vapor can reduce the peak temperature and peak pressure of hydrogen combustion. Since the presence of water vapor increases the specific heat capacity of the entire mixed gas, under the same hydrogen concentration, the presence of water vapor will lead to a significant decrease in the maximum temperature and maximum pressure generated by combustion, effectively preventing catalyst agglomeration and deactivation at high temperatures. At the same time, the reduction in the maximum reaction temperature can improve the service life of the reactor. On the other hand, the increase in water vapor concentration will reduce the flame propagation speed, which has a significant inhibitory effect on the propagation of the hydrogen combustion flame. If backfire occurs during catalytic combustion, it can prevent the flame from spreading from the boundary layer of the hydrogen catalytic combustion device to the system pipeline, improving the safety of the hydrogen catalytic combustion system. In addition, water vapor acts as an inert gas, accelerating hydrogen mixing and preventing local condensation. In the hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor 700, the product of hydrogen catalytic combustion is water. Under high-temperature reaction conditions, it is usually discharged as water vapor along with the reacted gas. This application recirculates the water vapor-rich reaction gas back into the mixing pipe at the front end of the hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor 700. This humidifies the gas and allows for control of the mixed gas humidity by adjusting the amount of recirculated gas. Furthermore, during the initial startup phase of the hydrogen catalytic combustion system, uneven reaction temperatures can easily lead to incomplete hydrogen reaction and a low hydrogen removal rate. By recirculating the incompletely reacted mixed gas back into the hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor 700, secondary hydrogen removal is achieved, ensuring the complete catalytic combustion of unreacted hydrogen.

[0070] In summary, the self-humidifying and regulating hydrogen catalytic combustion system based on reflux proposed in this application has the following advantages:

[0071] (1) By humidifying the gas after the reaction by recirculating it, the size of the humidifier can be reduced or the humidifier in the system can be eliminated, saving space and energy consumption.

[0072] (2) The humidified mixed gas can effectively solve the problems of high hydrogen reaction temperature, long flame propagation distance and uneven gas mixing.

[0073] (3) Solve the problems of low hydrogen catalytic combustion rate and incomplete hydrogen catalytic combustion in the start-up stage of the hydrogen catalytic combustion system.

[0074] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have different focuses. For parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions in other embodiments.

[0075] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0076] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementations of the present invention, and while the descriptions are specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of this patent should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for catalytic combustion of hydrogen based on self-humidifying adjustment of backflow, characterized in that, The application discloses a hydrogen catalytic combustion system based on reflux self-humidification adjustment, which comprises an oxygen supply component, a hydrogen supply component, a mixed gas pressure detection component, a mixed gas humidity detection component, a mixed gas hydrogen concentration detection component, a hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor, a post-reaction hydrogen concentration detection component and a reaction gas circulation component. The oxygen supply component and the hydrogen supply component are connected to the hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor through a mixing pipeline in parallel. The hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor is further connected to the reaction gas circulation component through a reflux pipeline. The reaction gas circulation component is arranged on the mixing pipeline and is used for carrying the post-reaction gas with water vapor. The mixing pipeline is provided with the mixed gas pressure detection component, the mixed gas humidity detection component and the mixed gas hydrogen concentration detection component. The mixed gas pressure detection component is used for monitoring the pressure of the mixed gas in the mixing pipeline, so as to control the pressure of the hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor. The mixed gas humidity detection component is used for monitoring the humidity of the mixed gas in the mixing pipeline, so as to control the flow of the reflux gas in the reflux pipeline. The mixed gas hydrogen concentration detection component is used for monitoring the hydrogen concentration of the mixed gas in the mixing pipeline, so as to control the hydrogen proportion in the mixed gas. The hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor is filled with at least a Pd-based catalyst and a Pt-based catalyst, so as to realize hydrogen catalytic combustion. The exhaust port of the hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor is connected with an exhaust pipeline. The mixing pipeline is further connected with a safety relief pipeline. The post-reaction hydrogen concentration detection component is arranged on the exhaust pipeline. The post-reaction hydrogen concentration detection component is used for monitoring the hydrogen concentration of the gas in the exhaust pipeline after hydrogen removal reaction, so as to judge whether the gas in the exhaust pipeline after reaction needs to be circulated into the mixing pipeline for secondary reaction according to the hydrogen concentration after hydrogen removal. The application further discloses a hydrogen catalytic combustion method based on reflux self-humidification adjustment. The oxygen supply component and the hydrogen supply component are controlled to supply gas respectively. The mixed gas is mixed according to the target hydrogen concentration requirement. The mixed gas enters the hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor through the mixing pipeline and is subjected to catalytic combustion reaction. The post-reaction gas enters the exhaust pipeline or the reflux pipeline. When the hydrogen concentration C in the post-reaction gas is greater than or equal to the threshold value C1, it is indicated that the hydrogen concentration in the post-reaction gas is too high, and the hydrogen reaction is not complete. The exhaust pipeline is closed, and the post-reaction gas is controlled to enter the mixing pipeline through the reflux pipeline for secondary reaction. The threshold value C1 is greater than or equal to 5%. When the hydrogen concentration C in the post-reaction gas is less than the threshold value C1, it is judged whether the humidity H of the post-reaction gas is greater than the threshold value H1. The threshold value H1 is 50%. When the humidity H of the post-reaction gas is greater than or equal to the threshold value H1, the post-reaction gas is controlled to be discharged through the exhaust pipeline. When the humidity H of the post-reaction gas is less than the threshold value H1, the post-reaction gas is controlled to enter the reflux pipeline. The reaction gas circulation component is controlled to adjust the humidity of the mixed gas in the mixing pipeline to the target humidity range according to the mixed gas humidity requirement.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the method is a re-circulation based self- humidifying conditioning hydrogen catalytic combustion method, wherein the method further comprises: The oxygen supply component comprises an oxygen supply pipeline, an oxygen supply pump, an oxygen flow meter and an oxygen pressure detection component, one end of the oxygen supply pipeline is connected to an oxygen source, the other end of the oxygen supply pipeline is communicated with the mixing pipeline, the oxygen supply pump, the oxygen flow meter and the oxygen pressure detection component are respectively arranged on the oxygen supply pipeline.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the method is a re-circulation based self- humidifying conditioning hydrogen catalytic combustion method, wherein the method further comprises: The hydrogen supply component comprises a hydrogen supply pipeline, a hydrogen supply pump, a hydrogen flow meter and a hydrogen pressure detection component, one end of the hydrogen supply pipeline is connected to a hydrogen source, the other end of the hydrogen supply pipeline is communicated with the mixing pipeline, the hydrogen supply pump, the hydrogen flow meter and the hydrogen pressure detection component are respectively arranged on the hydrogen supply pipeline.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the method is a re-circulation based self- humidifying conditioning hydrogen catalytic combustion method, wherein the method further comprises: The backflow-based self-humidification adjustment hydrogen catalytic combustion system further comprises a reactor temperature detection component connected to the hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor, which is used to monitor the reaction temperature in the hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor to adjust the hydrogen concentration in the mixed gas in the correction mixing pipeline and prevent the reaction from being too violent and the temperature from being too high due to too high hydrogen concentration.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the method is a self-humidifying catalytic combustion method of hydrogen based on a reflow, characterized in that, The backflow-based self-humidification adjustment hydrogen catalytic combustion system further comprises an exhaust electromagnetic valve arranged on the exhaust pipeline to control the emission of the reaction gas.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the method is a self-humidifying catalytic combustion method of hydrogen based on a return flow. The backflow-based self-humidification adjustment hydrogen catalytic combustion system further comprises a safety valve arranged on the safety relief pipeline to emit the mixed gas in the mixing pipeline in emergency situations including fire and serious over-temperature.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the method is a self-humidifying catalytic combustion method of hydrogen based on a reflow. The backflow pipeline is connected to a position between the gas mixing pressure detection component and the gas mixing humidity detection component on the mixing pipeline.

8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the method is a self-humidifying catalytic combustion method of hydrogen based on a reflow. The backflow-based self-humidification adjustment hydrogen catalytic combustion system further comprises a flame arrester arranged on the mixing pipeline, which is close to the hydrogen catalytic combustion reactor.

9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the method is a self-humidifying catalytic combustion method of hydrogen based on a reflow. The reaction gas circulation component comprises a gas circulation pump used to control the flow of the circulating gas by controlling the rotating speed.

10. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the method is a self- humidifying catalytic combustion of hydrogen based on a re-circulation. The reaction gas circulation component comprises a proportional electromagnetic valve arranged on the backflow pipeline and an ejector arranged on the mixing pipeline, the backflow pipeline is communicated with the ejector, the proportional electromagnetic valve is used to control the flow of the circulating gas by adjusting the duty cycle, and the ejector is used to control the flow of the circulating gas by adjusting the throat diameter.

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