Microwave wireless energy transfer rectification antenna array confluence network optimization method and device

Abstract

The invention provides a method and equipment for optimizing a convergence network of a microwave wireless energy transfer rectification antenna array. The method comprises the steps that sub-confluence area division is carried out on a microwave wireless energy transmission rectification antenna array, coding processing based on a preset weighting tree is carried out according to a sub-confluence area division result, a coding result is made to accord with a variable input form of a genetic algorithm, and then the search and optimization capability of the genetic algorithm is utilized to obtain a coding result; the optimal convergence network between the microwave wireless energy transfer rectification antenna array units is automatically generated; in addition, an MPPT converter is configured and connected at the rear stage of array output to track the maximum power point, it is ensured that the microwave wireless energy transmission rectification antenna array of each sub-confluence area outputs the maximum power, and compared with the mode that optimization is conducted based on total confluence of the whole area, optimization is conducted based on all the sub-confluence areas, and the maximum power point tracking efficiency is improved. And the overall energy confluence result is obtained according to the optimization result of each sub-confluence region, so that the direct-current power synthesis efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of wireless energy transmission, and in particular to a method and device for optimizing a microwave wireless energy transmission rectenna array confluence network. Background Art

[0002] Wireless energy transmission uses electric fields, magnetic fields, and electromagnetic waves to achieve wireless energy transmission between points in space. Currently, three wireless energy transmission methods have been studied: radio wave radiation, inductive coupling, and magnetic resonance. Among them, inductive coupling has high efficiency and low power, and is mostly used for wireless charging of household electronic products, but cannot be used for long-distance energy transmission; magnetic resonance has low operating frequency and efficiency, large devices, and limited working conditions; radio wave radiation converts direct current into microwaves or lasers, and uses space for energy transmission. The laser beam is narrow, requires high control accuracy, and has a low safety factor. Microwave energy technology transmission is relatively mature and has good application prospects in areas where power cables cannot be installed. Since the technology was developed, it has been envisioned to be used in space solar power stations, near-space flights, etc., and has great commercial potential.

[0003] The microwave wireless energy transmission system consists of two parts: a microwave transmitting system and a receiving and rectifying system. The microwave transmitting system includes a DC power supply, a microwave source, and a transmitting antenna, which is used to convert DC power into a microwave signal of the required frequency, phase, and amplitude and radiate it into free space. The receiving and rectifying system includes a receiving antenna and a rectifying circuit, which are used to collect RF energy in free space and convert it into DC energy. The receiving antenna and the rectifying circuit are collectively referred to as a rectifying antenna. When performing high-power long-distance microwave wireless energy transmission, a large-scale rectifying antenna array is required. At this time, the corresponding power of the rectifying antenna array will show significant non-uniformity. When performing microwave wireless energy transmission for satellites and spacecraft, the foldable characteristics of the foldable rectifying antenna array enable it to be folded into a smaller volume during transmission, saving space and weight, and facilitating deployment on the orbit to provide a larger receiving area and higher energy conversion efficiency. The current power synthesis methods include RF synthesis and DC synthesis. Multiple RF synthesis will result in excessive power, increasing the difficulty of designing the rectifier circuit; when performing DC synthesis, the series and parallel connection of rectifier units with large power differences will result in large connection losses.

[0004] For the power synthesis of large rectenna arrays, the existing scheme 1 "Power synthesis optimization method for microwave rectenna arrays with non-uniform power distribution" (patent application number CN202310617837.X) first adopts group RF synthesis to uniformize the input power of the rectifier circuit, and then optimizes the series-parallel connection relationship of the rectifier array for multi-way convergence. The optimized series-parallel connection is used to match the equivalent resistance of the array output port with the load. However, method one is based on the premise that the energy input is uniformly distributed before the DC energy converges. In actual application scenarios, even after RF synthesis processing, the uniformity of the input power of the rectifier circuit cannot be well guaranteed, resulting in large DC power synthesis losses in the microwave rectenna array. The existing scheme 2 "DC power synthesis method and system for rectifying antenna arrays with non-uniform power distribution" (patent application number CN202110043913.1) discloses that the convergence area is divided according to the optimal power range of the designed rectifier circuit, and the array series-parallel connection relationship is designed to minimize the difference in DC voltage between the low-power area and the adjacent high-power area, so that the rectifying antenna has a higher rectification efficiency when the array power distribution is uneven. However, method 2 is optimized based on the total convergence of the overall area, and the overall optimization will cause each sub-area to be unable to work at its own optimal output, which will lead to losses in the DC power synthesis of the overall area; in addition, method 2 uses a load resistor series to calculate the equivalent output. This method will have a mutual influence on each other's working states when rectifying antennas of different powers are connected in series and parallel, resulting in differences in the overall equivalent calculation.

[0005] Therefore, the existing microwave wireless energy transmission rectifier antenna array converging network optimization method has the problems of large DC power synthesis loss and inaccurate equivalent calculation. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to solve the above problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a method and device for optimizing a microwave wireless energy transmission rectifying antenna array converging network.

[0007] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0008] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for optimizing a microwave wireless energy transmission rectifying antenna array sink network, comprising:

[0009] According to the physical information of the microwave wireless energy transmission rectenna array, the microwave wireless energy transmission rectenna array is divided into a plurality of sub-confluence areas;

[0010] Sorting the plurality of sub-convergence areas according to a preset rule to obtain a plurality of first sub-convergence areas; the plurality of first sub-convergence areas are sub-convergence areas with unit serial numbers;

[0011] Based on a preset weighted tree, encoding processing is performed on the confluence networks in the plurality of first sub-confluence areas to obtain a plurality of second sub-confluence networks;

[0012] Performing a preset equivalent calculation on the plurality of second sub-bus networks to obtain output characteristics of the plurality of second sub-bus networks; the preset equivalent calculation is an equivalent calculation based on a volt-ampere characteristic curve;

[0013] Based on the genetic algorithm, the output characteristics of the plurality of second sub-convergence networks are optimized and selected to obtain the optimal output characteristic, and the second sub-convergence network corresponding to the optimal output characteristic is used as the final confluence network;

[0014] According to the output characteristics of the final confluence network and the MPPT converters preset in multiple sub-confluence areas, maximum power point tracking is performed, and the results of the maximum power point tracking of the MPPT converters are combined in parallel to obtain the overall energy confluence result.

[0015] Optionally, the physical information includes: a foldable area, a preset physical position threshold, and a rectifying circuit type of the microwave wireless energy transmission rectifying antenna;

[0016] According to the physical information of the microwave wireless energy transmission rectenna array, the microwave wireless energy transmission rectenna array is divided into multiple sub-confluence areas, including:

[0017] Microwave wireless energy transmission rectifying antenna arrays that are in the same foldable area, at a preset physical position threshold and based on the same rectifying circuit type are divided into the same sub-convergence area to form multiple sub-convergence areas.

[0018] Optionally, encoding processing is performed on the confluence networks in the plurality of first sub-confluence areas based on a preset weighted tree to obtain a plurality of second sub-confluence networks, including:

[0019] S201, randomly generate 2N-3 normalized data, where N represents the number of array units corresponding to the current first sub-confluence area;

[0020] S202, taking the first N-2 normalized data in the normalized data as a Prüfer sequence, and taking the remaining normalized data as weight information;

[0021] S203, performing denormalization processing on the Prüfer sequence and weight information to obtain a denormalized Prüfer sequence and denormalized weight information;

[0022] S204, generating a tree structure based on the denormalized Prüfer sequence and combining the denormalized weight information to jointly construct a weighted tree, and using the weighted tree as the current second sub-convergence network;

[0023] S205 , executing S201 - S204 on the first sub-confluence areas other than the current first sub-confluence area, and constructing a plurality of second sub-confluence networks based on the execution results and the current second sub-confluence network.

[0024] Optionally, a preset equivalent calculation is performed on the plurality of second sub-bus networks to obtain output characteristics of the plurality of second sub-bus networks, including:

[0025] For the rectifier circuit corresponding to the array unit in the second sub-bus network, a load scan is performed according to the circuit simulation software ADS to obtain a first parameter; the first parameter is a parameter of the rectifier circuit corresponding to the array unit in the current second sub-bus network;

[0026] The first parameter is integrated according to the series-parallel relationship of the rectifier circuit inside the array unit to obtain the second parameter; the second parameter is the parameter of the array unit in the current second sub-bus network;

[0027] In each second sub-bus network, the equivalent calculation order of the corresponding array unit is determined according to the absolute value of the weight information, and the equivalent calculation is performed step by step based on the equivalent calculation order, the positive and negative of the weight information and the second parameter to obtain the output characteristics of multiple second sub-bus networks.

[0028] Optionally, in each second sub-bus network, the equivalent calculation order of the corresponding array unit is determined according to the absolute value of the weight information, and the equivalent calculation is performed step by step based on the equivalent calculation order, the positive and negative of the weight information and the second parameter to obtain the output characteristics of the plurality of second sub-bus networks, including:

[0029] S301, in each second sub-bus network, determining an equivalent calculation order of corresponding array units according to the absolute value of weight information;

[0030] S302, determining the array unit pairs currently participating in the calculation and the series-parallel relationship of the array unit pairs according to the equivalent calculation order and the positive and negative of the weight information;

[0031] S303 , performing step-by-step equivalent calculations based on the array unit pairs, the series-parallel relationship, and the second parameter to obtain output characteristics of a plurality of second sub-bus networks.

[0032] Optionally, S303 specifically includes:

[0033] S3031, use the array unit with the smaller second parameter value in the array unit pair as the first array unit; use the array unit with the larger second parameter value as the second array unit;

[0034] S3032, when the series-parallel relationship is a series connection, performing data prediction on the data trend of the second parameter in the first array unit to obtain base point data;

[0035] S3033, interpolating and completing the base point data based on the second parameter of the second array unit, and superimposing the interpolation and completion results according to the principle of a series circuit to obtain output characteristics of the array unit pair;

[0036] S3034, when the series-parallel relationship is a parallel connection, interpolating and completing the second parameter of the first array unit based on the second parameter of the second array unit, and superimposing the interpolation and completion results according to the principle of parallel circuit to obtain the output characteristics of the array unit pair; wherein, when the second parameter of the first array unit reaches the open circuit voltage, the second parameter of the second array unit is used as the output characteristic of the array unit pair;

[0037] S3035, executing S3031-S3034 for all the array unit pairs in the plurality of second sub-bus networks, and using the execution results to form output characteristics of the plurality of second sub-bus networks.

[0038] Optionally, the second parameter includes: open circuit voltage, short circuit current, operating voltage array, operating current array, limiting voltage, limiting current and rectification efficiency.

[0039] Optionally, the MPPT converter is obtained based on a Boost circuit and a perturbation-observation method.

[0040] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a microwave wireless energy transmission rectifying antenna array converging network optimization device, comprising: an array division unit, a sorting unit, a coding unit, an equivalent calculation unit, an optimization selection unit and an energy converging unit;

[0041] The array division unit is used to: divide the microwave wireless energy transmission rectenna array into a plurality of sub-convergence areas according to the physical information of the microwave wireless energy transmission rectenna array;

[0042] The sorting unit is used to: sort the multiple sub-confluence areas according to a preset rule to obtain multiple first sub-confluence areas; the multiple first sub-confluence areas are sub-confluence areas with unit serial numbers;

[0043] The encoding unit is used to: perform encoding processing on the confluence networks in the plurality of first sub-confluence areas based on a preset weighted tree to obtain a plurality of second sub-confluence networks;

[0044] The equivalent calculation unit is used to: perform preset equivalent calculations on the plurality of second sub-bus networks to obtain output characteristics of the plurality of second sub-bus networks;

[0045] The optimization selection unit is used to: optimize the output characteristics of multiple second sub-bus networks based on a genetic algorithm to obtain the optimal output characteristic, and use the second sub-bus network corresponding to the optimal output characteristic as the final bus network;

[0046] The energy confluence unit is used to perform maximum power point tracking according to the output characteristics of the final confluence network and the MPPT converters preset in multiple sub-confluence areas, and to combine the maximum power point tracking results of the MPPT converters in parallel to obtain the overall energy confluence result.

[0047] In the third aspect, the present invention provides a microwave wireless energy transmission rectifier antenna array convergence network optimization device, comprising: a processor, a storage medium and a bus, the storage medium storing machine-readable instructions executable by the processor, when the microwave wireless energy transmission rectifier antenna array convergence network optimization device is running, the processor and the storage medium communicate through the bus, and the processor executes the machine-readable instructions to perform the steps of the microwave wireless energy transmission rectifier antenna array convergence network optimization method as described in the first aspect above.

[0048] The present invention provides a method and equipment for optimizing a microwave wireless energy transmission rectifying antenna array converging network. Among them, the microwave wireless energy transmission rectifier antenna array convergence network optimization method includes: according to the physical information of the microwave wireless energy transmission rectifier antenna array, dividing the microwave wireless energy transmission rectifier antenna array into multiple sub-convergence areas; sorting the multiple sub-convergence areas according to preset rules to obtain multiple first sub-convergence areas; the multiple first sub-convergence areas are sub-convergence areas with unit serial numbers; encoding the convergence networks in the multiple first sub-convergence areas based on a preset weighted tree to obtain multiple second sub-convergence networks; performing preset equivalent calculations on the multiple second sub-convergence networks to obtain output characteristics of the multiple second sub-convergence networks; the preset equivalent calculation is an equivalent calculation based on a volt-ampere characteristic curve; optimizing and selecting the output characteristics of the multiple second sub-convergence networks based on a genetic algorithm to obtain the optimal output characteristics, and using the second sub-convergence network corresponding to the optimal output characteristics as the final convergence network; according to the output characteristics of the final convergence network and the MPPT converters preset in the multiple sub-convergence areas, maximum power point tracking is performed, and the results of the maximum power point tracking of the MPPT converters are combined in parallel to obtain the overall energy convergence result. In the present invention, the microwave wireless energy transmission rectifying antenna array is divided into sub-convergence areas, and encoding processing based on a preset weighted tree is performed according to the result of the sub-convergence area division, so that the encoding result is consistent with the variable input form of the genetic algorithm, and then the search and optimization capabilities of the genetic algorithm are used to automatically generate the optimal convergence network between the microwave wireless energy transmission rectifying antenna array units; in addition, by configuring and connecting the MPPT converter at the rear stage of the array output for maximum power point tracking, it is ensured that the microwave wireless energy transmission rectifying antenna array in each sub-convergence area outputs the highest power. Compared with the existing method of optimizing based on the total convergence of the overall area, the present invention adopts the method of optimizing based on each sub-convergence area and obtaining the overall energy convergence result according to the optimization result of each sub-convergence area, thereby improving the efficiency of DC power synthesis of the microwave wireless energy transmission rectifying antenna array convergence network. Secondly, because the preset equivalent calculation adopted is an equivalent calculation based on the volt-ampere characteristic curve, the equivalent calculation more finely represents the influence of the mutual connection of microwave wireless energy transmission rectifying antennas of different powers on each other's working state, thereby improving the accuracy of the equivalent calculation.

[0049] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0050] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a flow chart of a microwave wireless energy transmission rectifying antenna array sink network optimization method provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a plurality of sub-confluence areas divided by a microwave wireless energy transmission rectifying antenna array provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0052] FIG3( a) is a schematic diagram of the structure of a weighted tree provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0053] FIG3( b ) is a schematic diagram of a second sub-bus network provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a process for generating a second sub-bus network provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0055] FIG5( a ) is a graph showing an output characteristic curve corresponding to a series connection of array units provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0056] FIG5( b ) is a graph showing the output characteristic curve corresponding to the array unit pairs provided by an embodiment of the present invention when they are connected in parallel;

[0057] FIG6( a ) is a comparison diagram of efficiency-voltage curves of parallel output and optimized busbar output provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0058] FIG6( b ) is a comparison diagram of efficiency-voltage curves of series output and optimized bus output provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0059] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of a microwave wireless energy transmission rectifying antenna array sink network optimization device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0060] Figure 8 A schematic structural diagram of a microwave wireless energy transmission rectifying antenna array convergence network optimization device provided in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0061] The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

[0062] In order to reduce the DC power synthesis loss and improve the accuracy of equivalent calculation, an embodiment of the present invention provides a microwave wireless energy transmission rectifying antenna array converging network optimization method. Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a flow chart of a microwave wireless energy transmission rectifying antenna array sink network optimization method provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 As shown, including:

[0063] S101. Divide the microwave wireless energy transmission rectenna array into a plurality of sub-convergence areas according to physical information of the microwave wireless energy transmission rectenna array.

[0064] Optionally, the physical information includes: a foldable area, a preset physical position threshold, and a rectifying circuit type of the microwave wireless energy transmission rectifying antenna; S101 may specifically include:

[0065] Microwave wireless energy transmission rectifying antenna arrays that are in the same foldable area, at a preset physical position threshold and based on the same rectifying circuit type are divided into the same sub-convergence area to form multiple sub-convergence areas.

[0066] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of multiple sub-confluence areas divided by a microwave wireless energy transmission rectifying antenna array provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 As shown, the microwave wireless energy transmission rectenna array is divided into 9 sub-convergence areas. In each sub-convergence area, there are multiple microwave wireless energy transmission rectenna units.

[0067] S102, sorting a plurality of sub-confluence areas according to a preset rule to obtain a plurality of first sub-confluence areas; the plurality of first sub-confluence areas are sub-confluence areas with unit serial numbers.

[0068] It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, multiple sub-confluence areas may be sorted in various forms, for example, they may be sorted in rows or columns.

[0069] S103: Perform encoding processing on the confluence networks in the plurality of first sub-confluence areas based on a preset weighted tree to obtain a plurality of second sub-confluence networks.

[0070] Optionally, S103 may specifically include:

[0071] S201, randomly generate 2N-3 normalized data, where N represents the number of array units corresponding to the current first sub-confluence area;

[0072] S202, taking the first N-2 normalized data in the normalized data as a Prüfer sequence, and taking the remaining normalized data as weight information;

[0073] S203, performing denormalization processing on the Prüfer sequence and weight information to obtain a denormalized Prüfer sequence and denormalized weight information;

[0074] S204, generating a tree structure based on the denormalized Prüfer sequence and combining the denormalized weight information to jointly construct a weighted tree, and using the weighted tree as the current second sub-convergence network;

[0075] S205 , executing S201 - S204 on the first sub-confluence areas other than the current first sub-confluence area, and constructing a plurality of second sub-confluence networks based on the execution results and the current second sub-confluence network.

[0076] In the embodiment of the present invention, the generation process of the second sub-bus network is described by way of example. Specifically, the process is as follows:

[0077] In order to facilitate the crossover and mutation operations in the genetic algorithm, the Prüfer sequence and weight information of the weighted tree are represented by normalized data. For the first sub-convergence area with N array units, 2N-3 normalized data are first randomly generated, and the tree is reconstructed using a Prüfer sequence of length N-2, and an ordered sequence of length N-1 is used as the weight information to obtain a weighted tree. For example, when the generated Prüfer sequence is [2,3,3] and the weight information is [2,-1,-4,-3], the edge list of a weighted tree can be combined to form [(1,2,2), (2,3,-1), (4,3,-4), (3,5,-3)]. Specifically, Figure 3(a) is a schematic diagram of the structure of a weighted tree provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3(b) is a schematic diagram of the second sub-convergence network provided in an embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that the connection relationship of the array units in the first sub-confluence area can be determined based on the Prüfer sequence (for example, array unit 1 is connected to array unit 2, array unit 2 is connected to array unit 3, and array unit 3 is connected to array unit 4 and array unit 5 as shown in Figures 3(a) and 3(b)), and the positive and negative values ​​of the array unit connection relationship and the order of equivalent calculation can be determined based on the weight information. Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a process for generating a second sub-bus network according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 As shown, 2N-3 normalized data are first randomly generated; then the 2N-3 normalized data are denormalized, the first N-2 data are used as the Prüfer sequence, and the remaining data are used as weight information (edge ​​weight); a tree structure is generated by the Prüfer sequence, and the tree structure connection relationship and priority (for example: a positive weight information indicates a series connection, and a negative weight information indicates a parallel connection) are obtained according to the ascending order of the values ​​and the parity, and a weighted tree is constructed together, and the weighted tree is used as the current second sub-convergence network.

[0078] The specific method of generating a weighted tree from the Prüfer sequence and weight information is as follows: According to the properties of the Prüfer sequence, the degree of each node (array unit) on the original tree can be obtained, and the leaf node with the smallest number can also be obtained. Each time, a node with the smallest degree of 1 is selected and connected to the node of the currently enumerated Prüfer sequence. Then, the degrees of the two nodes are subtracted at the same time until two nodes with a degree of 1 are left. After connecting them, the corresponding tree structure is obtained. For example, from [2,3,3], the edge list of the tree can be obtained as [(1,2), (2,3), (4,3), (3,5)]. Combined with the corresponding weight information [2,-1,-4,-3], the edge list of a weighted tree can be obtained as [(1,2,2), (2,3,-1), (4,3,-4), (3,5,-3)].

[0079] S104, performing preset equivalent calculations on the plurality of second sub-bus networks to obtain output characteristics of the plurality of second sub-bus networks.

[0080] It should be noted that the preset equivalent calculation is an equivalent calculation based on the volt-ampere characteristic curve.

[0081] Optionally, S104 may specifically include:

[0082] For the rectifier circuit corresponding to the array unit in the second sub-bus network, a load scan is performed according to the circuit simulation software ADS to obtain a first parameter; the first parameter is a parameter of the rectifier circuit corresponding to the array unit in the current second sub-bus network;

[0083] The first parameter is integrated according to the series-parallel relationship of the rectifier circuit inside the array unit to obtain the second parameter; the second parameter is the parameter of the array unit in the current second sub-bus network;

[0084] In each second sub-bus network, the equivalent calculation order of the corresponding array unit is determined according to the absolute value of the weight information, and the equivalent calculation is performed step by step based on the equivalent calculation order, the positive and negative of the weight information and the second parameter to obtain the output characteristics of multiple second sub-bus networks.

[0085] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the result of load scanning of the circuit simulation software ADS is used as the first parameter.

[0086] It should be noted that in the embodiment of the present invention, the overall power distribution of the selected microwave wireless energy transmission rectifying antenna array is roughly 20dBm-28dBm. In the microwave wireless energy transmission rectifying antenna array unit, the RF is first grouped and synthesized and then connected to the rectifying circuit, and the rectifying circuits of each sub-convergence area are all connected in parallel.

[0087] Optionally, in each second sub-bus network, the equivalent calculation order of the corresponding array unit is determined according to the absolute value of the weight information, and the equivalent calculation is performed step by step based on the equivalent calculation order, the positive and negative of the weight information and the second parameter to obtain the output characteristics of the plurality of second sub-bus networks, including:

[0088] S301, in each second sub-bus network, determining an equivalent calculation order of corresponding array units according to the absolute value of weight information;

[0089] S302, determining the array unit pairs currently participating in the calculation and the series-parallel relationship of the array unit pairs according to the equivalent calculation order and the positive and negative of the weight information;

[0090] S303 , performing step-by-step equivalent calculations based on the array unit pairs, the series-parallel relationship, and the second parameter to obtain output characteristics of a plurality of second sub-bus networks.

[0091] Optionally, S303 may specifically include:

[0092] S3031, use the array unit with the smaller second parameter value in the array unit pair as the first array unit; use the array unit with the larger second parameter value as the second array unit;

[0093] S3032, when the series-parallel relationship is a series connection, performing data prediction on the data trend of the second parameter in the first array unit to obtain base point data;

[0094] S3033, interpolating and completing the base point data based on the second parameter of the second array unit, and superimposing the interpolation and completion results according to the principle of a series circuit to obtain output characteristics of the array unit pair;

[0095] S3034, when the series-parallel relationship is a parallel connection, interpolating and completing the second parameter of the first array unit based on the second parameter of the second array unit, and superimposing the interpolation and completion results according to the principle of parallel circuit to obtain the output characteristics of the array unit pair; wherein, when the second parameter of the first array unit reaches the open circuit voltage, the second parameter of the second array unit is used as the output characteristic of the array unit pair;

[0096] S3035, executing S3031-S3034 for all the array unit pairs in the plurality of second sub-bus networks, and using the execution results to form output characteristics of the plurality of second sub-bus networks.

[0097] In addition, in an embodiment of the present invention, after S3033, the output characteristics of the array unit pair can also be judged by a threshold current. Specifically, the portion of the output characteristics of the corresponding array unit pair in S3033 where the current value is greater than the threshold current is deleted. After S3034, the output characteristics of the array unit pair can also be judged by a threshold voltage. Specifically, the portion of the output characteristics of the corresponding array unit pair in S3034 where the voltage value is greater than the threshold voltage is deleted. It can be understood that by limiting the current and voltage values, the current flowing through the low-input rectifying antenna in series is prevented from being too large, causing the rectifying diode to burn out; and the voltage across the low-power input rectifying antenna in parallel is prevented from being too large, causing the rectifying diode to be reversely broken down. Exemplarily, when the model of the rectifying diode used is HSMS282C, the threshold voltage can be taken as 15V, the threshold current can be taken as 1A, the load range can be reduced, and the value of the IV curve (volt-ampere characteristic curve) within the threshold range can be intercepted as the final output. Specifically, when connected in parallel, the current values ​​of the two channels (the two channels correspond to the array unit pair) are superimposed, and the threshold voltage value takes the smaller value of the two channels. When connected in series, the voltage values ​​of the two channels are superimposed, and the threshold current value takes the smaller value of the two channels. Based on the above process, the equivalent calculation is performed step by step. It should be noted that in the embodiment of the present invention, the rectifier diode is part of the rectifier circuit, and the microwave energy transmission rectifier antenna = receiving antenna + rectifier circuit.

[0098] Optionally, the second parameter includes: open circuit voltage, short circuit current, operating voltage array, operating current array, limiting voltage, limiting current and rectification efficiency.

[0099] It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, the volt-ampere characteristic curve is used to perform equivalent calculation on the second sub-bus network. Specifically, the first parameter and the second parameter are also expressed in the form of a volt-ampere characteristic curve. FIG5(a) is a graph of the output characteristic curve corresponding to the array unit pair provided in the embodiment of the present invention when the array unit pair is connected in series; FIG5(b) is a graph of the output characteristic curve corresponding to the array unit pair provided in the embodiment of the present invention when the array unit pair is connected in parallel. Specifically, when performing series calculations, the current value of the partial negative voltage region of the first array unit is predicted by the trend of the IV curve of the first array unit, the IV curve of the first array unit is interpolated and completed based on the IV curve of the second array unit, and the voltage value is superimposed within the corresponding current range, and the current value of the second array unit and the superimposed voltage value are used as the output characteristics of the array unit pair after series connection, and the effect is shown in FIG5(a); when performing parallel calculations, within the voltage value range of the first array unit, the IV curve of the first array unit is interpolated and completed based on the IV curve of the second array unit, and the current value is superimposed as the output characteristic of the array unit pair, and when the second parameter of the first array unit reaches the open circuit voltage during parallel calculations, the second parameter of the second array unit corresponding to this time is used as the output characteristic of the array unit pair, and the effect is shown in FIG5(b).

[0100] S105 , optimizing and selecting output characteristics of multiple second sub-business networks based on a genetic algorithm to obtain an optimal output characteristic, and using the second sub-business network corresponding to the optimal output characteristic as the final business network.

[0101] It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, when the difference between the historical best fitness value of the genetic algorithm and the average fitness value of the population is less than the set tolerance value, the optimization selection process corresponding to the genetic algorithm is terminated.

[0102] S106, performing maximum power point tracking according to the output characteristics of the final confluence network and the MPPT converters preset in multiple sub-confluence areas, and combining the maximum power point tracking results of the MPPT converters in parallel to obtain an overall energy confluence result.

[0103] Figure 6 (a) is a comparison diagram of the efficiency-voltage curves of parallel output and optimized bus output provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 (b) is a comparison diagram of the efficiency-voltage curves of series output and optimized bus output provided by an embodiment of the present invention. The comparison results are shown in Table 1 below:

[0104] Table 1 Efficiency table of the series-parallel connection method of the rectenna array

[0105]

[0106] Combining Figure 6(a), Figure 6(b) and Table 1, it can be seen that the bus network optimized by the genetic algorithm has higher efficiency and better high-efficiency voltage range. The DC synthesis efficiency is increased from 94.4% to 97.5%, and it has good efficiency performance in the voltage range of 5V to 27V.

[0107] In addition, based on the output characteristics of each sub-convergence area, an MPPT converter connected to the back stage of the sub-convergence area is configured to perform maximum power point tracking to enable each converging sub-area to maintain the highest power output, and then the back stage of the MPPT output of each sub-convergence area is combined in parallel to complete the DC energy converging of the rectenna array.

[0108] The MPPT converter designed based on the Boost circuit and the perturbation observation method is lightweight and has an efficiency of 95%-97% within the input range. According to the output characteristics of the second sub-convergence network, the scanning voltage range is set and the perturbation step size is dynamically adjusted; the output voltage and current of the array port are collected to calculate the power, and the power is calculated again after the disturbance is added to ensure that the disturbance direction is correct and the process is repeated continuously to track the maximum power point of the array, and finally the output ends of the MPPT converters in each sub-convergence area are connected in parallel to output one way. The total microwave power received by the rectenna array calculated based on the method of the present invention is 3476.6W, and the DC energy obtained can reach 2261.8W, with an overall energy synthesis efficiency of 65.06%, of which the DC energy converging efficiency is 94.67%.

[0109] The embodiment of the present invention provides a method for optimizing the convergence network of a microwave wireless energy transmission rectifying antenna array, comprising: dividing the microwave wireless energy transmission rectifying antenna array into sub-convergence areas, and performing encoding processing based on a preset weighted tree according to the result of the sub-convergence area division, so that the encoding result conforms to the variable input form of the genetic algorithm, and then using the search and optimization capabilities of the genetic algorithm to automatically generate the optimal convergence network between the microwave wireless energy transmission rectifying antenna array units; in addition, by configuring an MPPT converter connected to the array output rear stage for maximum power point tracking, the microwave wireless energy transmission in each sub-convergence area is ensured. The rectenna arrays all output at the highest power. Compared with the existing optimization method based on the total convergence of the overall area, the present invention adopts a method of optimizing based on each sub-convergence area and obtaining the overall energy convergence result according to the optimization result of each sub-convergence area, thereby improving the efficiency of DC power synthesis of the microwave wireless energy transmission rectenna array convergence network. Secondly, since the preset equivalent calculation adopted is an equivalent calculation based on the volt-ampere characteristic curve, the equivalent calculation can more finely represent the influence of the interconnection of microwave wireless energy transmission rectennas of different powers on each other's working conditions, thereby improving the accuracy of the equivalent calculation.

[0110] Optionally, the MPPT converter is obtained based on a Boost circuit and a perturbation-observation method.

[0111] It should be noted that in the MPPT converter of the embodiment of the present invention, the DC-DC circuit adopts a Boost circuit, and the control method adopts a perturbation observation method, which performs self-optimization based on the output power-output voltage characteristic curve of the sub-confluence area to achieve maximum power point tracking of multiple sub-confluence areas.

[0112] In addition, when configuring the connected MPPT converter, the output characteristics of each sub-bus area can be combined to set the voltage scanning range to ensure that each sub-bus area operates within the operable range without causing damage to a single rectenna in the bus network.

[0113] The method provided in the embodiment of the present invention can be applied to an electronic device. Specifically, the electronic device can be: a desktop computer, a portable computer, an intelligent mobile terminal, a server, etc., which is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0114] Based on the same inventive concept, an embodiment of the present invention also provides a microwave wireless energy transmission rectifying antenna array convergence network optimization device. Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of a microwave wireless energy transmission rectifying antenna array sink network optimization device provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 7 As shown, it includes: an array division unit 701, a sorting unit 702, a coding unit 703, an equivalent calculation unit 704, an optimization selection unit 705 and an energy confluence unit 706;

[0115] The array division unit 701 is used to: divide the microwave wireless energy transmission rectenna array into a plurality of sub-confluence areas according to the physical information of the microwave wireless energy transmission rectenna array;

[0116] The sorting unit 702 is used to: sort the multiple sub-confluence areas according to a preset rule to obtain multiple first sub-confluence areas; the multiple first sub-confluence areas are sub-confluence areas with unit serial numbers;

[0117] The encoding unit 703 is used to: perform encoding processing on the confluence networks in the plurality of first sub-confluence areas based on a preset weighted tree to obtain a plurality of second sub-confluence networks;

[0118] The equivalent calculation unit 704 is used to: perform a preset equivalent calculation on the plurality of second sub-bus networks to obtain output characteristics of the plurality of second sub-bus networks;

[0119] The optimization selection unit 705 is used to: optimize the output characteristics of multiple second sub-bus network based on the genetic algorithm to obtain the optimal output characteristic, and use the second sub-bus network corresponding to the optimal output characteristic as the final bus network;

[0120] The energy confluence unit 706 is used to perform maximum power point tracking according to the output characteristics of the final confluence network and the MPPT converters preset in multiple sub-confluence areas, and combine the maximum power point tracking results of the MPPT converters in parallel to obtain the overall energy confluence result.

[0121] Figure 8A schematic diagram of the structure of a microwave wireless energy transmission rectenna array convergence network optimization device provided by an embodiment of the present invention includes: a processor 710, a storage medium 720 and a bus 730, the storage medium 720 stores machine-readable instructions executable by the processor 710, when the microwave wireless energy transmission rectenna array convergence network optimization device is running, the processor 710 communicates with the storage medium 720 through the bus 730, and the processor 710 executes the machine-readable instructions to execute the steps of the above method embodiment. The specific implementation method and technical effect are similar and will not be repeated here.

[0122] The storage medium may include a random access memory (RAM) or a non-volatile memory (NVM), such as at least one disk storage. Optionally, the storage medium may also be at least one storage device located away from the aforementioned processor.

[0123] The above-mentioned processor can be a general-purpose processor, including a central processing unit (CPU), a network processor (NP), etc.; it can also be a digital signal processor (DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components.

[0124] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchangeable where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present invention described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with the present invention. Instead, they are merely examples of devices and methods consistent with some aspects of the present invention.

[0125] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification.

[0126] Although the present invention is described herein in conjunction with various embodiments, in the process of implementing the claimed invention, those skilled in the art can understand and implement other changes of the above disclosed embodiments by viewing the drawings and the disclosed content. In the description of the present invention, the term "comprising" does not exclude other components or steps, "one" or "an" does not exclude multiple situations, and the meaning of "multiple" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically limited. In addition, certain measures are recorded in different embodiments, but this does not mean that these measures cannot be combined to produce good results.

[0127] The above contents are further detailed descriptions of the present invention in combination with specific preferred embodiments, and it cannot be determined that the specific implementation of the present invention is limited to these descriptions. For ordinary technicians in the technical field to which the present invention belongs, several simple deductions or substitutions can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, which should be regarded as falling within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A microwave wireless energy transmission rectifier antenna array sink network optimization method, It is characterized in that include: According to the physical information of the microwave wireless energy transmission rectenna array, the microwave wireless energy transmission rectenna array is divided into a plurality of sub-confluence areas; The plurality of sub-convergence areas are sorted according to a preset rule to obtain a plurality of first sub-convergence areas; the plurality of first sub-convergence areas are sub-convergence areas with unit serial numbers; Based on a preset weighted tree, encoding processing is performed on the confluence networks in the plurality of first sub-confluence areas to obtain a plurality of second sub-confluence networks; Performing a preset equivalent calculation on the plurality of second sub-bus networks to obtain output characteristics of the plurality of second sub-bus networks; the preset equivalent calculation is an equivalent calculation based on a volt-ampere characteristic curve; Based on a genetic algorithm, the output characteristics of the plurality of second sub-bus networks are optimized and selected to obtain an optimal output characteristic, and the second sub-bus network corresponding to the optimal output characteristic is used as a final bus network; According to the output characteristics of the final confluence network and the MPPT converters preset in the multiple sub-confluence areas, maximum power point tracking is performed, and the results of the maximum power point tracking of the MPPT converters are combined in parallel to obtain an overall energy confluence result.

2. According to the microwave wireless energy transmission rectenna array sink network optimization method described in claim 1, It is characterized in that The physical information includes: a foldable area, a preset physical position threshold, and a rectifying circuit type of the microwave wireless energy transmission rectifying antenna; The method of dividing the microwave wireless energy transmission rectenna array into a plurality of sub-convergence areas according to the physical information of the microwave wireless energy transmission rectenna array comprises: The microwave wireless energy transmission rectifying antenna arrays that are in the same foldable area, at a preset physical position threshold and based on the same rectifying circuit type are divided into the same sub-convergence area to form the multiple sub-convergence areas.

3. The microwave wireless energy transmission rectenna array sink network optimization method according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The encoding process is performed on the confluence networks in the plurality of first sub-confluence areas based on a preset weighted tree to obtain a plurality of second sub-confluence networks, including: S201, randomly generate 2N-3 normalized data, where N represents the number of array units corresponding to the current first sub-confluence area; S202, taking the first N-2 normalized data in the normalized data as a Prüfer sequence, and taking the remaining normalized data as weight information; S203, performing a denormalization process on the Prüfer sequence and the weight information to obtain a denormalized Prüfer sequence and denormalized weight information; S204, generating a tree structure based on the denormalized Prüfer sequence, combining the denormalized weight information, and jointly constructing a weighted tree, and using the weighted tree as the current second sub-convergence network; S205 , executing S201 - S204 on the first sub-business areas except the current first sub-business area, and constructing the plurality of second sub-business networks based on the execution results and the current second sub-business network.

4. The microwave wireless energy transmission rectenna array sink network optimization method according to claim 3, It is characterized in that The performing of preset equivalent calculations on the plurality of second sub-bus networks to obtain output characteristics of the plurality of second sub-bus networks includes: For the rectifier circuit corresponding to the array unit in the second sub-bus network, a load scan is performed according to the circuit simulation software ADS to obtain a first parameter; the first parameter is a parameter of the rectifier circuit corresponding to the array unit in the current second sub-bus network; The first parameter is integrated according to the series-parallel relationship of the rectifier circuit inside the array unit to obtain a second parameter; the second parameter is a parameter of the array unit in the current second sub-bus network; In each of the second sub-bus network, the equivalent calculation order of the corresponding array unit is determined according to the absolute value of the weight information, and the equivalent calculation is performed step by step based on the equivalent calculation order, the positive and negative of the weight information and the second parameter to obtain the output characteristics of the multiple second sub-bus networks.

5. The microwave wireless energy transmission rectenna array sink network optimization method according to claim 4, It is characterized in that In each of the second sub-bus network, the equivalent calculation order of the corresponding array unit is determined according to the absolute value of the weight information, and the equivalent calculation is performed step by step based on the equivalent calculation order, the positive and negative of the weight information and the second parameter to obtain the output characteristics of the plurality of second sub-bus network, including: S301: In each of the second sub-bus network, determine the equivalent calculation order of the corresponding array units according to the absolute value of the weight information; S302, determining the array unit pairs currently participating in the calculation and the series-parallel relationship of the array unit pairs according to the equivalent calculation order and the positive and negative signs of the weight information; S303: Perform step-by-step equivalent calculation based on the array unit pairs, the series-parallel relationship and the second parameter to obtain output characteristics of the plurality of second sub-bus networks.

6. The microwave wireless energy transmission rectenna array sink network optimization method according to claim 5, It is characterized in that S303 specifically includes: S3031, using the array unit with the smaller second parameter value in the array unit pair as the first array unit; using the array unit with the larger second parameter value as the second array unit; S3032, when the series-parallel relationship is a series connection, performing data prediction on the data trend of the second parameter in the first array unit to obtain base point data; S3033, interpolating and completing the base point data based on the second parameter of the second array unit, and superimposing the interpolation and completion results according to the principle of a series circuit to obtain output characteristics of the array unit pair; S3034, when the series-parallel relationship is a parallel connection, interpolating and completing the second parameter of the first array unit based on the second parameter of the second array unit, and superimposing the interpolation and completion results according to the principle of a parallel circuit to obtain the output characteristics of the array unit pair; wherein, when the second parameter of the first array unit reaches an open circuit voltage, the second parameter of the second array unit is used as the output characteristic of the array unit pair; S3035 , executing S3031 - S3034 on all the array unit pairs in the plurality of second sub-bus networks, and using the execution results to form output characteristics of the plurality of second sub-bus networks.

7. The microwave wireless energy transmission rectifying antenna array sink network optimization method according to claims 4-6, It is characterized in that The second parameters include: open circuit voltage, short circuit current, working voltage array, working current array, limiting voltage, limiting current and rectification efficiency.

8. The microwave wireless energy transmission rectenna array sink network optimization method according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The MPPT converter is obtained based on a Boost circuit and a perturbation-observation method.

9. A microwave wireless energy transmission rectifying antenna array sink network optimization device, It is characterized in that include: Array division unit, sorting unit, encoding unit, equivalent calculation unit, optimization selection unit and energy confluence unit; The array division unit is used to: divide the microwave wireless energy transmission rectenna array into a plurality of sub-convergence areas according to the physical information of the microwave wireless energy transmission rectenna array; The sorting unit is used to: sort the multiple sub-confluence areas according to a preset rule to obtain multiple first sub-confluence areas; the multiple first sub-confluence areas are sub-confluence areas with unit serial numbers; The encoding unit is used to: perform encoding processing on the confluence networks in the plurality of first sub-confluence areas based on a preset weighted tree to obtain a plurality of second sub-confluence networks; The equivalent calculation unit is used to: perform a preset equivalent calculation on the plurality of second sub-bus networks to obtain output characteristics of the plurality of second sub-bus networks; The optimization selection unit is used to: optimize the output characteristics of the plurality of second sub-bus network based on a genetic algorithm to obtain an optimal output characteristic, and use the second sub-bus network corresponding to the optimal output characteristic as a final bus network; The energy confluence unit is used to perform maximum power point tracking according to the output characteristics of the final confluence network and the MPPT converters preset in the multiple sub-confluence areas, and combine the maximum power point tracking results of the MPPT converters in parallel to obtain an overall energy confluence result.

10. A microwave wireless energy transmission rectifying antenna array converging network optimization device, It is characterized in that include: A processor, a storage medium and a bus, wherein the storage medium stores machine-readable instructions executable by the processor. When the microwave wireless energy transmission rectenna array convergence network optimization device is running, the processor communicates with the storage medium via the bus, and the processor executes the machine-readable instructions to perform the steps of the microwave wireless energy transmission rectenna array convergence network optimization method as described in any one of claims 1-8.

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