Miniaturized multi-feed monopulse antenna

Abstract

The invention provides a miniaturized multi-feed monopulse antenna, which is characterized by comprising an antenna array, a feed module, a control module and at least three feed channels, at least one feed channel is located at the central position of the antenna array, and the other at least two feed channels are located at positions which are away from the center of the antenna array by N times of guided wave wavelength, and N is a positive integer; the feed module generates feed signals, the control module controls the amplitude and phase of the feed signals, the feed channels transmit the feed signals to the antenna array in an open state, and the antenna array emits sum beams and difference beams under excitation of the feed signals corresponding to different feed channels. According to the invention, the sum-difference beam can be realized only by controlling the amplitude and phase of a feed signal by the control module and setting the feed position of the feed channel without a complex sum-difference beam synthesis network, so that the circuit size area, the processing cost and the parasitic radiation are greatly reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of antenna technology, and in particular to a miniaturized multi-feed single pulse antenna. Background Art

[0002] Monopulse radar plays a vital role in modern satellite and communication systems, especially in target tracking, due to its high precision and fast response. The radar system uses a monopulse antenna to accurately obtain the target's location information, including distance and angle. The monopulse antenna achieves this function by emitting a sum beam and a difference beam in one pulse cycle. The sum beam is mainly used to determine the distance of the target, while the difference beam is used to capture the angle information of the target. This fast and accurate information acquisition method is essential for real-time monitoring and tracking of fast-moving targets.

[0003] Existing pulse antennas usually include a complex sum-and-difference beamforming network and multiple antenna arrays. The sum-and-difference beamforming network not only increases the design difficulty, cost and circuit size area, but also brings parasitic radiation, thus affecting the performance of the antenna. It is of great practical significance to design a single pulse antenna that is compact, easy to integrate and has low production cost. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides a miniaturized multi-feed single pulse antenna to solve the defects that the sum-difference beamforming network in the prior art not only increases the design difficulty, cost and circuit size and area, but also brings parasitic radiation, thereby affecting the performance of the antenna. The present invention only requires a control module to control the amplitude and phase of the feeding signal and to set the feeding position of the feeding channel. The sum-difference beam can be realized without a complex sum-difference beamforming network, thereby greatly reducing the circuit size and area, processing cost and parasitic radiation.

[0005] The present invention provides a miniaturized multi-feed single-pulse antenna, comprising an antenna array, a feed module, a control module and at least three feed channels; the feed position of at least one of the feed channels is located at the center of the antenna array, and the feed positions of at least two other feed channels are located at a position N times the waveguide wavelength from the center of the antenna array, where N is a positive integer; the output end of the control module is connected to the control end of the feed module, the signal output end of the feed module is connected to the signal input end of the feed channel, and the signal output end of the feed channel is connected to the signal input end of the antenna array; the feed module is used to generate a feed signal, the control module is used to control the amplitude and phase of the feed signal, the feed channel is used to transmit the feed signal to the antenna array in an on state, and the antenna array is used to emit a sum beam and a difference beam under the excitation of the feed signals corresponding to different feed channels.

[0006] According to a miniaturized multi-feed single-pulse antenna provided by the present invention, the antenna array comprises a patch antenna, a grid antenna or a comb antenna; the feeding form of the feeding module comprises side feeding or coupled feeding.

[0007] According to a miniaturized multi-feed single-pulse antenna provided by the present invention, the antenna array includes at least three laterally arranged antenna array units; each of the antenna array units is rectangular in shape and has a length of half the guided wave length, and adjacent antenna array units are connected by transmission lines and have a spacing of half the guided wave length.

[0008] According to a miniaturized multi-feed single-pulse antenna provided by the present invention, each of the antenna array units includes a radiator, a dielectric substrate, a ground plane and a feeding point; the dielectric substrate is located between the radiator and the ground plane, the feeding point is connected to the radiator, and the feeding point serves as a signal input end of the antenna array.

[0009] According to a miniaturized multi-feed single pulse antenna provided by the present invention, the antenna array further comprises a Delay line.

[0010] A miniaturized multi-feed monopulse antenna provided by the present invention further includes a quasi-coaxial device arranged between the antenna array and the feeding channel.

[0011] According to a miniaturized multi-feed monopulse antenna provided by the present invention, the feed module and the control module are integrated on an MMIC chip.

[0012] According to a miniaturized multi-feed single-pulse antenna provided by the present invention, the operating frequency band of the MMIC chip is the millimeter wave frequency band.

[0013] According to a miniaturized multi-feed single-pulse antenna provided by the present invention, the antenna comprises a first feed channel, a second feed channel and a third feed channel; the feeding position of the second feed channel is located at the center of the antenna array, and the feeding positions of the first feed channel and the third feed channel are respectively located at a position 2 times the guide wavelength from the center of the antenna array; the first feed channel is used to transmit a first feed signal when turned on, the second feed channel is used to transmit a second feed signal when turned on, and the third feed channel is used to transmit a third feed signal when turned on.

[0014] According to a miniaturized multi-feed single-pulse antenna provided by the present invention, the control module is specifically used for: when the first feed channel, the second feed channel and the third feed channel are all turned on, controlling the first feed signal, the second feed signal and the third feed signal to be equal in amplitude and phase, so that the antenna array transmits a first sum beam under the excitation of three equal-amplitude and in-phase signals; when the first feed channel and the third feed channel are both turned on and the second feed channel is turned off, controlling the first feed signal and the third feed signal to be equal in amplitude and phase, so that the antenna array transmits a second sum beam under the excitation of two equal-amplitude and in-phase signals; when the first feed channel and the third feed channel are both turned on and the second feed channel is turned off, controlling the first feed signal and the third feed signal to be equal in amplitude and in phase, so that the antenna array transmits a difference beam under the excitation of two equal-amplitude and in-phase signals.

[0015] The present invention provides a miniaturized multi-feed single-pulse antenna, characterized in that it includes an antenna array, a feed module, a control module and at least three feed channels; at least one feed channel is located at the center of the antenna array, and at least two other feed channels are located at a position N times the waveguide wavelength from the center of the antenna array, where N is a positive integer; the feed module generates a feed signal, the control module controls the amplitude and phase of the feed signal, the feed channel transmits the feed signal to the antenna array in an open state, and the antenna array emits a sum beam and a difference beam under the excitation of the feed signals corresponding to different feed channels. The present invention only requires the control module to control the amplitude and phase of the feed signal, and to set the feed position of the feed channel, and does not require a complex sum and difference beam synthesis network to achieve sum and difference beams, thereby greatly reducing the circuit size area, processing cost and parasitic radiation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0017] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a miniaturized multi-feed single-pulse antenna provided by the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 It is a top view of a miniaturized multi-feed single-pulse antenna provided by the present invention.

[0019] Figure 3 It is a side view of a miniaturized multi-feed single-pulse antenna provided by the present invention.

[0020] Figure 4 It is the active reflection coefficient diagram of high gain and beam provided by the present invention.

[0021] Figure 5 It is the E-plane main polarization and cross-polarization diagram of the high gain and beam provided by the present invention.

[0022] Figure 6 It is the active reflection coefficient diagram of the sum beam provided by the present invention.

[0023] Figure 7 It is the E-plane main polarization and cross-polarization diagram of the sum beam provided by the present invention.

[0024] Figure 8 It is an active reflection coefficient diagram of the difference beam provided by the present invention.

[0025] Fig. 9 It is the E-plane main polarization and cross-polarization diagram of the difference beam provided by the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] Monopulse radar is widely used for tracking targets in satellite and communication systems. As an important component of monopulse radar, the monopulse antenna can obtain the distance information of the target using the sum beam and the angle information of the target using the difference beam within one pulse cycle. The monopulse antenna usually includes a complex sum and difference beam synthesis network and multiple antenna arrays, such as series-fed antennas. The sum and difference beam synthesis network not only increases the design difficulty and circuit size and area, but also brings parasitic radiation, thus affecting the performance of the antenna.

[0028] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a miniaturized multi-feed single-pulse antenna provided by the present invention.

[0029] The present invention provides a miniaturized multi-feed single-pulse antenna, comprising an antenna array 1, a feed module 3, a control module 4 and at least three feed channels 2; the feed position of at least one feed channel 2 is located at the center of the antenna array 1, and the feed positions of at least two other feed channels 2 are located at a position N times the guide wavelength from the center of the antenna array 1, where N is a positive integer; the output end of the control module 4 is connected to the control end of the feed module 3, the signal output end of the feed module 3 is connected to the signal input end of the feed channel 2, and the signal output end of the feed channel 2 is connected to the signal input end of the antenna array 1; the feed module 3 is used to generate a feed signal, the control module 4 is used to control the amplitude and phase of the feed signal, the feed channel 2 is used to transmit the feed signal to the antenna array 1 in an on state, and the antenna array 1 is used to emit a sum beam and a difference beam under the excitation of the feed signals corresponding to different feed channels 2.

[0030] In order to solve the technical problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a miniaturized multi-feed single-pulse antenna, including an antenna array 1, a feeding module 3, a control module 4 and at least three feeding channels 2. The antenna array 1 may include a plurality of antenna array 1 units, and the size and spacing of the antenna array 1 units are designed to ensure the in-phase excitation of adjacent units. The feeding module 3 generates a feeding signal, which is output to the feeding channel 2 in the open state. The feeding position of at least one feeding channel 2 is located at the center of the antenna array 1, and the feeding positions of at least two other feeding channels 2 are located at a position N times the guide wavelength from the center of the antenna array 1, and the initial value of N can be selected as 2. This configuration allows different phase excitations to be achieved on different feeding channels 2, thereby controlling the direction of the beam. The control module 4 can accurately control the amplitude and phase of the feeding signal. For example, the phase difference of the feeding signals corresponding to the feeding channels 2 on both sides , to form a difference beam. If the feeding signals corresponding to the feeding channels 2 on both sides are in phase, a sum beam can be formed. In this way, the antenna array 1 can transmit a sum beam and a difference beam under the excitation of different feeding channels 2.

[0031] The present invention only controls the output signal amplitude / phase of the feed channel 2 and selects a suitable antenna feed position, and does not require a complex beam synthesis network, so that the sum and difference beams can be realized, thereby obtaining the function of a single pulse antenna, greatly reducing the circuit size area, processing cost and parasitic radiation. In addition, in terms of sum beams, compared with a single-feed antenna array, not only the power synthesis function is realized on the antenna, but also by switching different chip channels, different equivalent omnidirectional radiated powers can be achieved, and thus it can be applied to medium-range / long-range radar systems.

[0032] What needs to be explained is: The monopulse antenna is designed with a specific antenna array to form multiple beams at the same time. The sum beam is formed when the signal phases of all antenna elements are consistent, and it points to the center of the antenna. The main function of the sum beam is to measure the distance of the target. When the radar beam hits the target, the target will reflect the signal back.

[0033] The difference beam is formed by transmitting signals with different phases by antenna elements at different positions in the antenna array. These phase differences cause the beams to interfere in a specific direction, thus forming a beam pointing in a specific direction. The main function of the difference beam is to measure the angle of the target. The difference beam usually consists of two or more beams that are slightly offset in space in order to compare the signal strengths they receive.

[0034] Parasitic radiation refers to unwanted electromagnetic wave radiation, which may interfere with other electronic equipment or degrade the performance of the antenna.

[0035] Please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 2 A top view of a miniaturized multi-feed monopulse antenna provided by the present invention.

[0036] Please refer to Figure 3 , Figure 3 A side view of a miniaturized multi-feed monopulse antenna provided by the present invention.

[0037] According to a miniaturized multi-feed single-pulse antenna provided by the present invention, the antenna array 1 includes a patch antenna, a grid antenna or a comb antenna; the feeding form of the feeding module 3 includes side feeding or coupled feeding.

[0038] In this embodiment, different antenna array 1 forms and feeding methods are used to adapt to different application scenarios and performance requirements. Specifically, the antenna array 1 can be a patch antenna, a grid antenna or a comb antenna, and the feeding module 3 can use side feeding or coupled feeding.

[0039] The patch antenna array 1 is composed of a plurality of rectangular or circular patch units, each of which is isolated from a ground plane by a dielectric substrate.

[0040] The grid antenna array 1 consists of a series of openings (grids) in a metal plate that radiate electromagnetic waves. The size and spacing of the grids are optimized to achieve the desired radiation pattern and impedance matching.

[0041] The comb antenna array 1 consists of a series of parallel metal strips (comb teeth) that can be continuous or spaced apart. The length and spacing of the comb teeth are designed to meet the desired resonance conditions and radiation characteristics.

[0042] The side feeding method introduces the feeding signal through the side of the antenna unit, usually using a microstrip line or a coaxial probe. The advantage of the side feeding method is that it can achieve higher radiation efficiency and lower feed loss, and is suitable for patch antennas and comb antennas.

[0043] The coupled feeding method transmits the signal to the antenna unit through a coupling mechanism. Commonly used coupling elements include slot coupling and probe coupling. The advantage of the coupled feeding method is that it can achieve better impedance matching and wider bandwidth, and is suitable for grid antennas and comb antennas.

[0044] As can be seen from the side view, the multi-feed single pulse antenna of the present invention comprises a multi-layer dielectric plate and a via hole. The bottom of the antenna is connected to the feeder structure, and the feed signal is fed from the bottom and passes through the via hole to the patch antenna array at the top.

[0045] As a preferred embodiment, the antenna array 1 includes at least three laterally arranged antenna array units; each antenna array unit is rectangular in shape and has a length of half the guided wave length, and adjacent antenna array units are connected by transmission lines with a spacing of half the guided wave length.

[0046] In this embodiment, the antenna array 1 is composed of at least three transversely arranged antenna array units, each of which is rectangular. This transverse arrangement helps to form a specific beam pointing and beam shape to cover a specific monitoring area or communication link. The length of each antenna array unit is designed to be half the waveguide wavelength, which is to ensure that each unit operates at its resonant frequency to achieve maximum radiation efficiency. The spacing between adjacent antenna array units is also designed to be half the waveguide wavelength, and the feed channel 2 is connected to the antenna array unit through a transmission line to achieve equal amplitude and phase radiation conditions, which is crucial for forming and beams.

[0047] As a preferred embodiment, each antenna array unit includes a radiator, a dielectric substrate, a ground plane and a feeding point; the dielectric substrate is located between the radiator and the ground plane, the feeding point is connected to the radiator, and the feeding point serves as a signal input end of the antenna array 1.

[0048] In this embodiment, each antenna array unit includes a radiator, a dielectric substrate, a ground plane and a feed point. This design aims to improve the performance of the antenna while maintaining the compactness and high efficiency of the structure.

[0049] The radiator is the radiating part of the antenna array unit, usually made of metal materials such as copper or aluminum. The radiator is designed to be rectangular and its length is half the wavelength of the guided wave to achieve optimal radiation efficiency.

[0050] The dielectric substrate is located between the radiator and the ground plane and is usually made of a low-loss, high-dielectric-constant material. The thickness of the dielectric substrate has an important influence on the performance of the antenna in order to reduce the propagation delay of the dielectric wave.

[0051] The ground plane is located below the dielectric substrate and is usually made of metal. It is used to provide a good grounding path while reflecting the electromagnetic waves of the radiator to enhance radiation efficiency.

[0052] The feed point is the signal input end of the antenna array unit, which is connected to the radiator through a microstrip line or a coaxial probe. The location and method of the feed point have an important influence on the impedance matching and radiation characteristics of the antenna.

[0053] As a preferred embodiment, it also includes a Delay line.

[0054] In this embodiment, a Delay line. Add an additional delay line at the feed position of feed channel 2. Delay lines, meaning that the signal passing through these delay lines will get For antenna array elements located at the edge of the array, the phase delay is introduced The delay line can adjust the phase of the signal so that the signal of the antenna array unit at the edge position is in phase with the signal of the antenna array unit at the center position.

[0055] The delay line can be physically implemented as a suitable length of coaxial cable, microstrip line, or any other form of transmission line.

[0056] also, The delay line is introduced by The phase delay of the delay line causes the phase of the signal passing through the delay line to be reversed compared to the original signal. This phase adjustment is crucial for forming a difference beam.

[0057] As a preferred embodiment, it also includes a quasi-coaxial device arranged between the antenna array 1 and the feeding channel 2 .

[0058] In this embodiment, a quasi-coaxial transition is integrated between the antenna array 1 and the feeding channel 2 to optimize the transmission efficiency and beamforming characteristics of the signal. This design is particularly suitable for improving the radiation efficiency and reducing the loss of the antenna system.

[0059] Specifically, the quasi-coaxial transition is designed to achieve impedance matching between the antenna array 1 and the feeding channel 2, ensuring that the signal can be effectively transmitted while reducing reflection and loss. The quasi-coaxial structure provides an effective signal transmission method that can maintain signal integrity and phase consistency, which is critical for accurate beamforming.

[0060] Quasi-coaxial transmission lines usually consist of two conductors, an inner conductor and an outer conductor, similar to coaxial cables. The inner conductor can be solid or a metal tube or metal strip with a gap. The space between the inner and outer conductors can also be filled with dielectric materials, which determine the characteristic impedance, propagation speed and loss of the transmission line. In order to adapt to specific space requirements, quasi-coaxial transmission lines can be designed to be very compact and miniaturized.

[0061] As a preferred embodiment, the feeding module 3 and the control module 4 are integrated on an MMIC chip.

[0062] In this embodiment, the feeding module 3 and the control module 4 are integrated on a monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC) chip. The application of MMIC technology significantly improves the integration and performance of the antenna system, while reducing the cost and power consumption.

[0063] Specifically, the MMIC chip integrates a variable gain amplifier (VGA) and a phase shifter to dynamically adjust the signal amplitude and phase of each feed channel 2, thereby accurately controlling the beamforming of the antenna array 1. The high degree of integration of the MMIC chip reduces the need for external components, simplifies system design, and reduces the physical size and weight of the system. The MMIC chip has lower power consumption and is suitable for applications that require energy efficiency.

[0064] As a preferred embodiment, the operating frequency band of the MMIC chip is the millimeter wave frequency band.

[0065] In this embodiment, the amplitude and phase of the three feeding signals of the antenna array 1 are controlled by the millimeter wave MMIC chip, and the sum and difference beams can be realized without a complex beam synthesis network, thereby greatly reducing the circuit size area, processing cost and parasitic radiation.

[0066] As a preferred embodiment, the antenna includes a first feeding channel, a second feeding channel and a third feeding channel; the feeding position of the second feeding channel is located at the center of the antenna array 1, and the feeding positions of the first feeding channel and the third feeding channel are respectively located at a position 2 times the guide wavelength from the center of the antenna array 1; the first feeding channel is used to transmit a first feeding signal when turned on, the second feeding channel is used to transmit a second feeding signal when turned on, and the third feeding channel is used to transmit a third feeding signal when turned on.

[0067] As a preferred embodiment, the control module 4 is specifically used to: when the first feed channel, the second feed channel and the third feed channel are all turned on, control the first feed signal, the second feed signal and the third feed signal to be equal in amplitude and phase, so that the antenna array 1 transmits a first sum beam under the excitation of three equal-amplitude and in-phase signals; when the first feed channel and the third feed channel are both turned on and the second feed channel is turned off, control the first feed signal and the third feed signal to be equal in amplitude and phase, so that the antenna array 1 transmits a second sum beam under the excitation of two equal-amplitude and in-phase signals; when the first feed channel and the third feed channel are both turned on and the second feed channel is turned off, control the first feed signal and the third feed signal to be equal in amplitude and in phase, so that the antenna array 1 transmits a difference beam under the excitation of two equal-amplitude and in-phase signals.

[0068] In this embodiment, the antenna includes a first feeding channel Ch1, a second feeding channel Ch2 and a third feeding channel Ch3. The feeding position of the second feeding channel Ch2 is located at the center of the antenna array 1, and the feeding positions of the first feeding channel Ch1 and the third feeding channel Ch3 are respectively located at a position 2 times the guided wave length from the center of the antenna array 1.

[0069] Please refer to Figure 4 , Figure 4 Active reflection coefficient diagram for high gain and beam provided by the present invention.

[0070] Please refer to Figure 5 , Figure 5 The E-plane main polarization and cross-polarization diagrams of the high gain and beam provided by the present invention.

[0071] In order to obtain a high gain and beam, the first feed channel Ch1, the second feed channel Ch2 and the third feed channel Ch3 are all turned on, and the control module 4 controls the three feed channels 2 to output the first feed signal, the second feed signal and the third feed signal of equal amplitude and phase, so that the antenna array 1 emits the first and beams under the excitation of the three equal amplitude and phase signals. Since the first feed signal, the second feed signal and the third feed signal are simultaneously added to the antenna array 1 end for power synthesis without the need for a power combining network, the loss and large size problems caused by the power combining network are avoided. Figure 4 As shown in the figure, the active emission coefficient is 23.6-24.3GHz in the -10dB impedance bandwidth. Figure 5 As shown, the antenna gain with three ports excited simultaneously is 16.6dBi, the side lobe is lower than -19.9dB, and the cross polarization is lower than -24.3dB.

[0072] Please refer to Figure 6 , Figure 6 Active reflection coefficient diagram of the sum beam provided by the present invention.

[0073] Please refer to Figure 7 , Figure 7 The E-plane main polarization and cross-polarization diagram of the sum beam provided by the present invention.

[0074] When the first feeding channel Ch1 and the third feeding channel Ch3 are both turned on and the second feeding channel Ch2 is turned off, the control module 4 controls the first feeding channel Ch1 and the third feeding channel Ch3 to output the first feeding signal and the third feeding signal of equal amplitude and phase, so that the antenna array 1 transmits the second sum beam under the excitation of two equal amplitude and phase signals. Figure 6 As shown, the active emission coefficient is 23.8-24.3GHz in the -10dB impedance bandwidth. Figure 7 As shown, the antenna gain when two ports are excited simultaneously is 15.7dBi, the side lobe is lower than -13.1dB, and the cross polarization is lower than -23.2dB.

[0075] Please refer to Figure 8 , Figure 8 Active reflection coefficient diagram of the difference beam provided by the present invention.

[0076] Please refer to Fig. 9 , Fig. 9 The E-plane main polarization and cross-polarization diagram of the difference beam provided by the present invention.

[0077] When the first feeding channel Ch1 and the third feeding channel Ch3 are both turned on and the second feeding channel Ch2 is turned off, the control module 4 controls the first feeding channel Ch1 and the third feeding channel Ch3 to output the first feeding signal and the third feeding signal of equal amplitude and opposite phase, so that the antenna array 1 transmits a difference beam under the excitation of two equal amplitude and opposite phase signals. Figure 8 As shown, the active emission coefficient is 23.9-24.5GHz in the -10dB impedance bandwidth. Fig. 9 As shown, the antenna gain when two ports are excited simultaneously is 14.1dBi, the zero depth can reach -26.7dB, and the cross polarization is lower than -20.3dB.

[0078] In addition, the opening and closing of the three feeding channels 2 can be controlled by the control module 4, and the present invention does not make any special limitation here.

[0079] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A miniaturized multi-feed monopulse antenna, characterized in that: It includes an antenna array, a feeding module, a control module and at least three feeding channels; The feeding position of at least one of the feeding channels is located at the center of the antenna array, and the feeding positions of at least two other feeding channels are located at a position N times the waveguide wavelength from the center of the antenna array, where N is a positive integer; The output end of the control module is connected to the control end of the feed module, the signal output end of the feed module is connected to the signal input end of the feed channel, and the signal output end of the feed channel is connected to the signal input end of the antenna array; The feeding module is used to generate a feeding signal, the control module is used to control the amplitude and phase of the feeding signal, the feeding channel is used to transmit the feeding signal to the antenna array in an open state, and the antenna array is used to transmit a sum beam and a difference beam under the excitation of the feeding signals corresponding to different feeding channels.

2. The miniaturized multi-feed monopulse antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The antenna array includes a patch antenna, a grid antenna or a comb antenna; the feeding form of the feeding module includes side feeding or coupled feeding.

3. The miniaturized multi-feed monopulse antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The antenna array includes at least three transversely arranged antenna array units; each of the antenna array units is rectangular in shape and has a length of half the guided wave length; adjacent antenna array units are connected by transmission lines and have a spacing of half the guided wave length.

4. The miniaturized multi-feed monopulse antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that: Each antenna array unit includes a radiator, a dielectric substrate, a ground plane and a feeding point; the dielectric substrate is located between the radiator and the ground plane, the feeding point is connected to the radiator, and the feeding point serves as a signal input end of the antenna array.

5. The miniaturized multi-feed monopulse antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes a device arranged between the antenna array and the feeding channel Delay line.

6. The miniaturized multi-feed monopulse antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also included is a quasi-coaxial device disposed between the antenna array and the feeding channel.

7. The miniaturized multi-feed monopulse antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feeding module and the control module are integrated on an MMIC chip.

8. The miniaturized multi-feed monopulse antenna according to claim 7, characterized in that: The operating frequency band of the MMIC chip is the millimeter wave frequency band.

9. The miniaturized multi-feed monopulse antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The antenna includes a first feed channel, a second feed channel and a third feed channel; the feeding position of the second feed channel is located at the center of the antenna array, and the feeding positions of the first feed channel and the third feed channel are respectively located at a position 2 times the guide wavelength from the center of the antenna array; the first feed channel is used to transmit a first feed signal when turned on, the second feed channel is used to transmit a second feed signal when turned on, and the third feed channel is used to transmit a third feed signal when turned on.

10. The miniaturized multi-feed monopulse antenna according to claim 9, characterized in that: The control module is specifically used for: When the first feeding channel, the second feeding channel and the third feeding channel are all turned on, controlling the first feeding signal, the second feeding signal and the third feeding signal to have equal amplitude and phase, so that the antenna array transmits a first sum beam under the excitation of three equal amplitude and phase signals; When both the first feeding channel and the third feeding channel are turned on and the second feeding channel is turned off, controlling the first feeding signal and the third feeding signal to have equal amplitude and phase, so that the antenna array transmits a second sum beam under the excitation of two equal amplitude and phase signals; When the first feeding channel and the third feeding channel are both turned on and the second feeding channel is turned off, the first feeding signal and the third feeding signal are controlled to have equal amplitude and opposite phases, so that the antenna array transmits a difference beam under the excitation of two equal amplitude and opposite phase signals.

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