A sampling device and sampling method for ecological and environmental protection soil detection

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of soil sampling, and in particular, is a sampling device for ecological and environmental protection soil detection and a sampling method thereof, comprising a driving vehicle, and also comprising an automatic deflection frame, a lifting component, a driving device, a drilling device and a sampling device installed on the driving vehicle. The sampling device for ecological and environmental protection soil detection and a sampling method thereof can separate the bottom of the collected soil sample from the soil by setting a separation mechanism, and can drive the separation plate to move by rotating the separation gear. When the separation plate is located outside the grabbing separation plate, the outside of the sampled soil can be crushed to facilitate the sampled soil to enter the cylinder surrounded by the grabbing separation plate. After the separation plate is located inside the grabbing separation plate, it is convenient to cut off the sampled soil, and at the same time support the soil sample in the cylinder surrounded by the grabbing separation plate, so that the soil sample can be stably moved out of the drill pipe.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of soil sampling, and in particular to a soil sampling device and a soil sampling method for ecological and environmental protection testing. Background Art

[0002] At present, the volatile organic compound pollution in the soil mainly comes from the discharge of industrial and domestic sewage, leakage of petroleum or chemical solutions, etc. The volatile organic compounds mainly enter the soil by dry and wet deposition, thus polluting the soil environment. Before carrying out ecological restoration treatment, it is necessary to analyze the soil pollution status of the tested area in order to make a targeted restoration plan. In the specific operation, the soil is first sampled, and then the volatile organic compounds therein are qualitatively and quantitatively detected and analyzed, and finally a restoration plan is made.

[0003] The existing sampling device can collect soil samples by inserting the sampler into the soil and rotating or pulling the sampler. When sampling at different depths in the same area, the sampler needs to be inserted multiple times to obtain samples and then pulled out. After the samples are taken, the sampler needs to be rotated into different depths and back and forth to complete the sampling. The steps are complicated and labor-intensive. In addition, the sampling sleeve of the sampler is cylindrical, which makes it difficult to remove the collected soil samples and destroys the integrity of the samples. Finally, the existing sampler cannot separate the bottom of the sample when sampling. The soil is usually broken and separated by manual pulling, which easily causes the sample to be damaged. In the case of dry soil or soil with excessive humidity, the soil is easily separated from the sampling sleeve, thereby affecting the sampling work. Summary of the invention

[0004] Based on the existing sampling device, soil at different depths in the same area needs to be inserted multiple times to complete sampling. The steps are complicated and labor-intensive. It is difficult to remove the taken soil samples, which will destroy the integrity of the samples. The bottom of the sampled samples cannot be separated during sampling, which easily causes the samples to be damaged, thereby affecting the technical problem of the sampling work. The present invention proposes a sampling device for ecological and environmental protection soil detection and a sampling method thereof.

[0005] The present invention provides a sampling device for ecological and environmental protection soil detection, which comprises a driving vehicle, an automatic deflection frame, a lifting component, a driving device, a drilling device and a sampling device installed on the driving vehicle.

[0006] The automatic deflection frame is hinged to the outer surface of the driving vehicle through a pin shaft and drives the lifting component to deflect. The lifting component is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the automatic deflection frame and drives the drilling device and the sampling device to rise and fall.

[0007] The driving device is located on the outer surface of the lifting component, and drives the drilling device to drill and the sampling device to sample. The driving device includes a drilling motor and a sampling motor with gears. The rotation of the drilling motor output shaft drives the drilling device to rotate, and the rotation of the sampling motor drives the sampling device to rotate.

[0008] The drilling device is located on the outer surface of the driving device and performs drilling action on the ground. The drilling device includes a drilling mechanism and a pushing mechanism. The drilling mechanism includes a segmented drill bit. The segmented drill bit rotates to drill holes in the ground. The pushing mechanism includes a pushing connecting rod with a column. The movement of the pushing connecting rod drives the segmented drill bit to deflect.

[0009] The sampling device is located on the outer surface of the driving device, and samples the inside of the soil after drilling. The sampling device includes a grabbing mechanism, a separation mechanism and a holding mechanism. The grabbing mechanism includes a grabbing plate with a gear ring, and the grabbing plate wraps the soil to be sampled after deflection. The separation mechanism includes a separation plate with a crushing blade, and the rotation of the separation plate separates the sampled soil. The holding mechanism includes a holding groove, and the holding groove holds the soil grabbed by the grabbing plate.

[0010] Preferably, the driving device also includes a lifting frame, both ends of the lifting frame are threadedly connected to the outer surfaces of the two screw rods of the lifting component respectively, the outer surface of the lifting frame is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the drilling motor, the outer surface of the lifting frame is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the sampling motor, one end of the output shaft of the sampling motor is slidably inserted with a switching sleeve with a gear and a bevel gear, an electric push rod is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the lifting frame, one end of the electric push rod is rotatably connected to the outer surface of the switching sleeve through a bearing seat, the outer surface of the lifting frame is rotatably connected with a transmission rod with a bevel gear and a gear through a bearing, and the bevel gear of the transmission rod is meshed with the bevel gear of the switching sleeve.

[0011] Through the above technical solution, the motor in the lifting component drives the lead screw to rotate, thereby driving the lifting frame to lift and lower. The sampling motor is started, and the drilling device can be driven to rotate by driving the gear to rotate. The lifting and lowering can be completed by switching the casing, thereby driving the sampling device to rotate or lift.

[0012] Preferably, the drilling mechanism also includes a drill pipe with a gear, one end of the drill pipe is rotatably connected to the outer surface of the lifting frame through a bearing, the gear of the drill pipe is meshed with the gear of the drilling motor, and the lower surface of the drill pipe is hinged to the outer surface of the segmented drill bit through a pin shaft.

[0013] Through the above technical solution, the rotation of the drill pipe drives the segmented drill bit to rotate, thereby completing the drilling of the ground, making it convenient to sample soil at different depths, and at the same time, the segmented drill bits are closed to form a completed drill bit.

[0014] Preferably, the pushing mechanism includes a limiting ring groove, which is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the drill pipe through a support plate, the inner wall of the limiting ring groove is rotatably connected to a pushing ring plate with a gear ring, the inner wall of the drill pipe is rotatably connected to a self-locking gear, the self-locking gear is meshed with the gear of the pushing ring plate, a plug-in recessed plate is fixedly mounted on the inner surface of the pushing ring plate, one end of the pushing connecting rod is slidably plugged into the inner wall of the limiting ring groove, the column of the pushing connecting rod is slidably plugged into the inner wall of the pushing ring plate, and one end of the pushing connecting rod is hinged to the inner wall of the segmented drill bit through a pin shaft.

[0015] Through the above technical scheme, the pushing ring plate can be rotated to drive the pushing connecting rod slidably plugged therein to move outward or inward, thereby driving the segmented drill bit to deflect outward or reset, and the self-locking gear and the pushing ring plate tooth ring are engaged to facilitate self-locking of the pushing ring plate.

[0016] Preferably, the grabbing mechanism also includes a plug-in sleeve with a gear, which is rotatably connected to the outer surface of the lifting frame through a bearing, and the gear of the plug-in sleeve is meshed with the gear of the switching sleeve through a gear set, and a sampling lifting tube with a gear ring is slidably plugged into the inner wall of the plug-in sleeve, and the gear ring of the sampling lifting tube is meshed with the gear of the transmission rod.

[0017] Through the above technical solution, the sampling lifting tube can be driven to rotate by sliding the connecting sleeve and the sampling lifting tube, while not affecting the lifting of the sampling lifting tube. Through the transmission of the gear, the gear on the switching sleeve can drive the connecting sleeve to rotate.

[0018] Preferably, one end of the sampling lifting tube is hinged to one end of the grabbing plate through a pin shaft, and a plurality of the grabbing plate form a cylindrical shape. The outer surface of the sampling lifting pipe is rotatably connected to a threaded sleeve with a gear through a bearing, and the outer surface of the threaded sleeve is threadedly connected to a lifting sleeve, and the inner wall of the lifting sleeve is slidably plugged with the inner wall of the groove of the sampling lifting tube through a connecting rod, and an annular rack is fixedly installed on one end of the connecting rod of the lifting sleeve, and the annular rack is meshed with the gear ring of the grabbing plate and drives the grabbing plate to deflect through the lifting of the annular rack, and a grabbing motor with a gear is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the lifting frame, and the output shaft gear of the grabbing motor is meshed with the gear of the threaded sleeve, and a plug-in block is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the grabbing plate, and the outer surface of the plug-in block is slidably plugged with the inner wall of the plug-in recessed plate.

[0019] Through the above technical scheme, the grabbing and dividing plates can be formed into a cylindrical shape, which is convenient for sampling the soil. After the grabbing and dividing plates are deflected, the sampled soil samples can be easily separated. After the gear of the threaded sleeve is driven to rotate by the gear of the grabbing motor, the rotation of the threaded sleeve drives the lifting sleeve to rise and fall, and drives the lifting and lowering of the annular rack, thereby driving the deflection of the grabbing and dividing plates. The plug-in between the plug-in block and the plug-in concave plate can drive the push ring plate to rotate, thereby reducing the input of the driving source.

[0020] Preferably, the separation mechanism also includes a separation gear, which is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the grabbing and dividing plate through a bearing, and the upper surface of the separation plate is slidably plugged into the lower surface of the grabbing and dividing plate. A separation rack is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the separation plate, and the separation rack is meshed with the separation gear. A separation motor is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the grabbing and dividing plate, and the output shaft of the separation motor drives the rotation of the separation gear through the cooperation of a synchronous belt and a synchronous wheel.

[0021] Through the above technical scheme, the separation plate can be driven to move by the rotation of the separation gear. When the separation plate is located outside the grabbing and dividing plate, the outside of the sampled soil can be crushed to facilitate the sampled soil to enter the cylinder surrounded by the grabbing and dividing plate. After the separation plate is located inside the grabbing and dividing plate, it is convenient to cut off the sampled soil and support the soil sample in the cylinder surrounded by the grabbing and dividing plate.

[0022] Preferably, a folding enclosure is slidably inserted into the inner wall of the groove of the separation plate, and one end of the folding enclosure is fixedly mounted to the inner wall of the groove of the grabbing separation plate.

[0023] Through the above technical scheme, the folding enclosure can be folded and unfolded, which is convenient for protecting the separation rack in the groove of the separation plate to prevent soil from entering the separation rack. After one end of the folding enclosure is fixed to one end of the grabbing partition plate, it is convenient to push the grabbing partition plate to fold. The hinges at both ends of the folding partition plate are in a spaced state and are slidably connected with the separation plate, which is convenient for the two folding partition plates to be folded and stored. The folded height of the folding partition plate is lower than the depth of the groove of the separation plate.

[0024] Preferably, the containing mechanism further comprises a containing motor, the containing motor is fixedly mounted on the outer surface of the lifting frame, a cross is fixedly mounted on one end of the output shaft of the containing motor, and the containing groove is fixedly mounted on the outer surface of the cross.

[0025] Through the above technical solution, in order to collect the sampled soil, the holding trough is rotated to be located below the grabbing and dividing plate, so that the soil sampled by the grabbing and dividing plate can be held, and multiple holding troughs can hold multiple samples for easy comparison.

[0026] The present invention provides a sampling method for a soil sampling device for ecological and environmental protection detection, comprising the following steps:

[0027] S1: When soil sampling is required, the sampling device is moved to the sampling ground area by a driving vehicle, and the motor on the automatic deflection frame is started to drive the automatic deflection frame to deflect, and the horizontally placed lifting component is deflected to be vertical to the ground, so that the sampling device is located directly above the ground where sampling is required. The drilling motor is controlled to start, and the lifting component drives the lifting frame to descend. After the lifting frame drives the drill pipe to descend, the drill pipe rotates under the drive of the drilling motor, and the segmented drill bit closed at the bottom rotates to drill a hole in the ground to reach the set depth.

[0028] S2: The sampling motor starts, and the bevel gear on the switching sleeve drives the bevel gear of the transmission rod to rotate. After the transmission rod meshes with the gear ring of the sampling lifting tube through the gear at one end, the sampling lifting tube descends in the drill pipe, and at the same time drives the plug-in block of the grab plate to be plugged in with the plug-in concave plate. The switching sleeve rises under the push of the electric push rod, so that the gear of the switching sleeve meshes with the gear on the lifting frame, and the bevel gear on the switching sleeve is disconnected from the bevel gear of the transmission rod. After the sampling motor starts, it drives the lifting frame to move upward. The gear of the lowering frame rotates, driving the plug-in sleeve to rotate. After the plug-in sleeve is plugged in with the sampling lifting tube, it drives the sampling lifting tube to rotate. The sampling lifting tube drives the push ring plate to rotate in the limiting ring groove through the plug-in connection between the plug-in block and the plug-in concave plate. The limiting ring groove drives the push connecting rod to move outward in the limiting ring groove through the column of the pushing connecting rod, pushing the hinged segmented drill bit to deflect outward and open, pushing the toothed ring of the ring plate to mesh with the self-locking gear on the inner wall of the drill pipe, driving the self-locking gear to rotate.

[0029] S3: The switching sleeve is pushed down by the electric push rod. After the plug-in block leaves the plug-in concave plate, the separation blade on the separation plate contacts the soil. The lifting frame is driven by the lifting component to descend. After the drilling motor and the sampling motor drive the drill pipe and the sampling lifting tube to rotate, the soil to be sampled is drilled. The crushing blade crushes the soil outside the diameter of the cylinder surrounded by the grabbing and dividing plates, so that the soil can be cut into a cylindrical shape that matches the grabbing and dividing plates and then enter the cylinder surrounded by the grabbing and dividing plates for sampling, reaching the set sampling soil height.

[0030] S4: The lifting frame stops descending and the drill pipe stops rotating. The separation motor on the grabbing separation plate starts, and the separation gear is driven to rotate through the cooperation of the synchronous wheel and the synchronous belt. The separation gear drives the separation rack meshing with it to move, thereby driving the separation plate to move inward. The crushing blade under the separation plate rotates to cut the cylindrical soil, so as to separate the sampled soil from the bottom soil. The two sides of the folding enclosure slide in the separation plate as the separation plate moves. The separation plate is unfolded to protect the separation rack below to prevent the soil from entering the tooth groove of the separation rack, thereby completing the cutting and separation of the soil.

[0031] S5: The drill pipe is driven to rise a certain distance by the lifting frame to facilitate the reset of the segmented drill bit and prevent soil from entering the interior of the segmented drill bit. After the switching casing is lowered, the gear on the transmission rod rotates, driving the sampling lifting tube to rise. After encountering the plug-in concave plate, the rotation of the sampling lifting tube drives the push rod to reset, and then the segmented drill bit is pulled to reset. After the sampling lifting tube reaches the set position, the gear of the threaded casing meshes with the gear of the grabbing motor, and the containing motor is started, driving the cross to rotate, so that the containing slot on the cross is located at the grabbing position. After it is directly under the separation plate, the separation motor rotates, driving the separation gear to rotate, causing the separation plate to move outward, releasing the support for the sampled soil in the grabbing separation plate. After the grabbing motor is started, it drives the threaded casing to rotate, and the threaded casing drives the lifting casing to rise, which drives the annular rack to rise, and the grabbing separation plate meshing with the annular rack deflects outward, and the sampled soil is collected in the holding trough. When in-depth sampling is required, the sampling lifting tube is reset, the lifting frame continues to descend, and the drill pipe rotates to drill.

[0032] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0033] 1. By setting up a drilling device, it is possible to drill a hole in the ground. The rotation of the drill pipe drives the segmented drill bit to rotate, and the drilling of the ground is completed, which is convenient for sampling soil at different depths. At the same time, the segmented drill bits are closed to form a completed drill bit. By pushing the ring plate to rotate, the pushing connecting rod slidably plugged therein can be driven to move outward or inward, thereby driving the segmented drill bit to deflect outward or reset. The engagement between the self-locking gear and the toothed ring of the pushing ring plate facilitates the self-locking of the pushing ring plate, thereby controlling the segmented drill bit to be expanded or closed. The plug-in between the plug-in block and the plug-in concave plate drives the pushing ring plate to rotate, thereby reducing the input of the driving source.

[0034] 2. By setting up a grabbing mechanism, soil samples can be grabbed, and the grabbing plate can be formed into a cylindrical shape, which is convenient for sampling soil. After the grabbing plate is deflected, the sampled soil sample can be separated. After the gear of the threaded sleeve is driven to rotate by the gear of the grabbing motor, the rotation of the threaded sleeve drives the lifting sleeve to lift and lower, and drives the lifting and lowering of the annular rack to realize the deflection of the grabbing plate, so as to facilitate the storage of soil samples and automatically loosen the soil samples, reduce labor input, and at the same time, the sampling lifting tube is lifted and lowered in the drill pipe to reduce the number of times the drill pipe is moved out, which solves the technical problems that the existing sampling device needs to be inserted multiple times to complete the sampling of soils of different depths in the same area, the steps are complicated, labor-intensive, and the soil samples taken are difficult to remove, which will destroy the integrity of the samples.

[0035] 3. By setting up a separation mechanism, the bottom of the collected soil sample can be separated from the soil. By rotating the separation gear, the separation plate can be driven to move. When the separation plate is located outside the grabbing and dividing plate, the outside of the sampled soil can be crushed, which is convenient for the sampled soil to enter the cylinder surrounded by the grabbing and dividing plate. After the separation plate is located inside the grabbing and dividing plate, it is convenient to cut off the sampled soil and support the soil sample in the cylinder surrounded by the grabbing and dividing plate, so that the soil sample can be stably moved out of the drill pipe, which solves the technical problem that the existing sampling device cannot separate the bottom of the sample when sampling, which easily causes the sample to be damaged, thereby affecting the sampling work. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a soil sampling device for ecological and environmental protection testing proposed by the present invention;

[0037] Figure 2 A three-dimensional diagram of the lifting frame structure of a sampling device for ecological and environmental protection soil detection proposed by the present invention;

[0038] Figure 3 A three-dimensional diagram of the sampling motor structure of a sampling device for ecological and environmental protection soil detection proposed by the present invention;

[0039] Figure 4 A three-dimensional diagram of the drilling motor structure of a sampling device for ecological and environmental protection soil detection proposed by the present invention;

[0040] Figure 5 A three-dimensional diagram of a segmented drill bit structure of a sampling device for ecological and environmental protection soil detection proposed by the present invention;

[0041] Figure 6 A three-dimensional diagram of a limiting ring groove structure of a sampling device for ecological and environmental protection soil detection proposed by the present invention;

[0042] Figure 7 A three-dimensional diagram of a driving ring plate structure of a sampling device for ecological and environmental protection soil detection proposed by the present invention;

[0043] Figure 8 A three-dimensional diagram of a push connecting rod structure of a sampling device for ecological and environmental protection soil detection proposed by the present invention;

[0044] Fig. 9 A three-dimensional diagram of a threaded sleeve structure of a sampling device for ecological and environmental protection soil detection proposed by the present invention;

[0045] Fig.10 A three-dimensional diagram of a lifting sleeve structure of a sampling device for ecological and environmental protection soil detection proposed by the present invention;

[0046] Fig.11 A three-dimensional diagram of the annular rack structure of a sampling device for ecological and environmental protection soil detection proposed by the present invention;

[0047] Fig.12 A three-dimensional diagram of a separation plate structure of a sampling device for ecological and environmental protection soil detection proposed by the present invention;

[0048] Fig.13 A three-dimensional diagram of a separation gear structure of a sampling device for ecological and environmental protection soil detection proposed by the present invention;

[0049] Fig.14 A three-dimensional diagram of the folding enclosure structure of a sampling device for ecological and environmental protection soil testing proposed by the present invention.

[0050] In the figure: 1. driving vehicle; 11. automatic deflection frame; 12. lifting component; 2. lifting frame; 21. drilling motor; 22. sampling motor; 23. switching sleeve; 24. electric push rod; 25. transmission rod; 3. drilling pipe; 31. segmented drill bit; 4. limiting ring groove; 41. pushing ring plate; 42. self-locking gear; 43. plug-in concave plate; 44. pushing connecting rod; 5. plug-in sleeve; 51. sampling lifting tube; 52. grabbing plate; 53. threaded sleeve; 54. lifting sleeve; 55. ring rack; 56. grabbing motor; 57. plug-in block; 6. separation plate; 61. separation gear; 62. separation rack; 63. separation motor; 64. folding enclosure; 7. containing electric motor; 71. cross; 72. containing slot. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0052] Reference Figure 1-Figure 14A soil sampling device for ecological and environmental protection detection includes a driving vehicle 1, an automatic deflection frame 11 installed on the driving vehicle 1, a lifting component 12, a driving device, a drilling device and a sampling device.

[0053] In order to facilitate the storage of the drilling device and the sampling device, the automatic deflection frame 11 is hinged on the outer surface of the driving vehicle 1 through a pin shaft and drives the lifting component 12 to deflect. The automatic deflection frame 11 is driven by a motor installed on the driving vehicle 1 to rotate to complete the turning. The lifting component 12 is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the automatic deflection frame 11 and drives the drilling device and the sampling device to rise and fall. The lifting component 12 includes a frame body, a screw installed on the frame body, a motor that drives the screw to rotate, and a synchronous wheel and a synchronous belt that transmit the rotation of another screw.

[0054] like Figure 2-Figure 4 As shown, in order to drive the drilling device and the sampling device and reduce the labor input, the driving device is located on the outer surface of the lifting component 12, and drives the drilling device to drill and the sampling device to sample. The driving device includes a drilling motor 21 and a sampling motor 22 with gears. The output shaft of the drilling motor 21 rotates to drive the drilling device to rotate, and the rotation of the sampling motor 22 drives the sampling device to rotate.

[0055] Specifically, in order for the lifting component 12 to be able to drive the drilling device and the sampling device to lift, the driving device also includes a lifting frame 2, and the two ends of the lifting frame 2 are respectively threadedly connected to the outer surfaces of the two screw rods of the lifting component 12. In order to drive the drilling device to rotate, the outer surface of the lifting frame 2 is fixedly installed with the outer surface of the drilling motor 21, and the outer surface of the lifting frame 2 is fixedly installed with the outer surface of the sampling motor 22. One end of the output shaft of the sampling motor 22 is slidably inserted with a switching sleeve 23 with a gear and a bevel gear. The gear and the bevel gear are respectively fixedly installed at the two ends of the switching sleeve 23. An electric push rod 24 is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the lifting frame 2. One end of the electric push rod 24 is rotatably connected to the outer surface of the switching sleeve 23 through a bearing seat. The outer surface of the lifting frame 2 is rotatably connected with a transmission rod 25 with a bevel gear and a gear through a bearing, and the bevel gear of the transmission rod 25 is meshed with the bevel gear of the switching sleeve 23.

[0056] like Figure 5-Figure 8 As shown, in order to drill holes in the ground, the drilling device is located on the outer surface of the driving device, and the drilling device includes a drilling mechanism and a pushing mechanism. The drilling mechanism includes a segmented drill bit 31, and the segmented drill bit 31 rotates to drill holes in the ground. The pushing mechanism includes a pushing link 44 with a column, and the movement of the pushing link 44 drives the segmented drill bit 31 to deflect.

[0057] Specifically, in order to automatically drill holes in the ground, the drilling mechanism also includes a drill pipe 3 with a gear, one end of the drill pipe 3 is rotatably connected to the outer surface of the lifting frame 2 through a bearing, the gear of the drill pipe 3 is meshed with the gear of the drilling motor 21, and the lower surface of the drill pipe 3 is hinged to the outer surface of the segmented drill bit 31 through a pin shaft. A plurality of segmented drill bits 31 can be combined to form a hollow drill bit in a cone shape.

[0058] Specifically, in order to push the segmented drill bit 31 to deflect outward, the pushing mechanism includes a limiting ring groove 4, which is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the drill pipe 3 through a support plate, and the inner wall of the limiting ring groove 4 is rotatably connected to a pushing ring plate 41 with a gear ring, and the inner wall of the drill pipe 3 is rotatably connected to a self-locking gear 42, and the self-locking gear 42 is meshed with the gear of the pushing ring plate 41, so as to facilitate self-locking of the position of the pushing ring plate 41 to prevent the pushing ring plate 41 from rotating without external force, and a plug-in recessed plate 43 is fixedly installed on the inner surface of the pushing ring plate 41, and one end of the pushing connecting rod 44 is slidably plugged into the inner wall of the limiting ring groove 4, and the column of the pushing connecting rod 44 is slidably plugged into the inner wall of the pushing ring plate 41, and one end of the pushing connecting rod 44 is hinged to the inner wall of the segmented drill bit 31 through a pin shaft, and the segmented drill bit 31 can be driven to deflect by moving the pushing connecting rod 44.

[0059] like Figure 9-14 As shown, in order to automatically sample the soil at a certain depth and transport it to the ground, the sampling device is located on the outer surface of the driving device, and samples the inside of the soil after drilling. The sampling device includes a gripping mechanism, a separation mechanism and a holding mechanism. The gripping mechanism includes a gripping plate 52 with a gear ring. The gripping plate 52 wraps the soil to be sampled after deflection. The separation mechanism includes a separation plate 6 with a crushing blade. The rotation of the separation plate 6 separates the sampled soil. The holding mechanism includes a holding groove 72. The holding groove 72 holds the soil gripped by the gripping plate 52.

[0060] Specifically, in order to drive the grabbing plate 52 to rotate and lift, the grabbing mechanism also includes a plug-in sleeve 5 with a gear, which is rotatably connected to the outer surface of the lifting frame 2 through a bearing, and the gear of the plug-in sleeve 5 is meshed with the gear of the switching sleeve 23 through a gear set. The rotation of the gear at one end of the switching sleeve 23 can drive the plug-in sleeve 5 to rotate, and a sampling lifting tube 51 with a gear ring is slidably plugged into the inner wall of the plug-in sleeve 5. The rotation of the plug-in sleeve 5 can drive the sampling lifting tube 51 to rotate, and the gear ring of the sampling lifting tube 51 is meshed with the gear of the transmission rod 25. The sampling lifting tube 51 is driven to lift and lower through the rotation of the gear of the transmission rod 25, and the gear ring does not affect the rotation of the sampling lifting tube 51.

[0061] Specifically, in order to drive the grabbing plate 52 to automatically deflect, one end of the sampling lifting tube 51 is hinged to one end of the grabbing plate 52 through a pin shaft, and multiple grabbing plates 52 are surrounded by a cylindrical shape. The outer surface of the sampling lifting tube 51 is rotatably connected to a threaded sleeve 53 with a gear through a bearing, and the outer surface of the threaded sleeve 53 is threadedly connected to a lifting sleeve 54. The inner wall of the lifting sleeve 54 is slidably plugged with the inner wall of the groove of the sampling lifting tube 51 through a connecting rod, and one end of the connecting rod of the lifting sleeve 54 is fixedly installed with an annular rack 5 5. After the annular rack 55 is meshed with the toothed ring of the grabbing plate 52, the lifting and lowering of the annular rack 55 drives the grabbing plate 52 to deflect. In order to drive the threaded sleeve 53 to rotate, a grabbing motor 56 with a gear is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the lifting frame 2. The output shaft gear of the grabbing motor 56 is meshed with the gear of the threaded sleeve 53. In order to drive the ring plate 41 to rotate, a plug-in block 57 is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the grabbing plate 52. The outer surface of the plug-in block 57 is slidably plugged with the inner wall of the plug-in recessed plate 43.

[0062] Specifically, in order to drive the separation plate 6 to move automatically, the separation mechanism also includes a separation gear 61, which is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the grabbing separation plate 52 through a bearing, and the upper surface of the separation plate 6 is slidably plugged into the lower surface of the grabbing separation plate 52. A separation rack 62 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the separation plate 6, and the separation rack 62 is meshed with the separation gear 61. A separation motor 63 is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the grabbing separation plate 52, and the output shaft of the separation motor 63 drives the rotation of the separation gear 61 through the cooperation of a synchronous belt and a synchronous wheel.

[0063] Specifically, in order to protect the groove of the separation plate 6 , a folding enclosure 64 is slidably inserted into the inner wall of the groove of the separation plate 6 , and one end of the folding enclosure 64 is fixedly installed with the inner wall of the groove of the grabbing separation plate 52 .

[0064] Specifically, in order to store the soil samples, the containing mechanism also includes a containing motor 7, which is fixedly mounted on the outer surface of the lifting frame 2, a cross 71 is fixedly mounted on one end of the output shaft of the containing motor 7, and a containing groove 72 is fixedly mounted on the outer surface of the cross 71.

[0065] like Figure 1-Figure 14 As shown, the sampling method of the sampling device for ecological and environmental protection soil detection proposed by the present invention includes the following steps:

[0066] S1: When it is necessary to sample the soil, the sampling device is moved to the sampling ground area by driving the vehicle 1, and the motor on the automatic deflection frame 11 is started to drive the automatic deflection frame 11 to deflect, and the horizontally placed lifting component 12 is deflected to be vertical to the ground, so that the sampling device is located directly above the ground where sampling is required, and the drilling motor 21 is controlled to start, and at the same time, the lifting component 12 drives the lifting frame 2 to descend, and the lifting frame 2 drives the drill pipe 3 to descend, and the drill pipe 3 is driven by the drilling motor 21 to rotate, and the segmented drill bit 31 closed at the bottom is rotated to drill the ground to reach the set depth.

[0067] S2: The sampling motor 22 is started, and the bevel gear on the switching sleeve 23 drives the bevel gear of the transmission rod 25 to rotate. After the transmission rod 25 meshes with the gear ring of the sampling lifting tube 51 through the gear at one end, the sampling lifting tube 51 descends in the drill pipe 3, and at the same time drives the plug-in block 57 of the grabbing plate 52 to be plugged into the plug-in concave plate 43. The switching sleeve 23 rises under the push of the electric push rod 24, so that the gear of the switching sleeve 23 meshes with the gear on the lifting frame 2, and the bevel gear on the switching sleeve 23 is disconnected from the meshing with the bevel gear of the transmission rod 25. After the sampling motor 22 is started, the lifting frame 51 is driven to move downward. The gear of the lowering frame 2 rotates, driving the plug-in sleeve 5 to rotate. After the plug-in sleeve 5 is plugged into the sampling lifting tube 51, it drives the sampling lifting tube 51 to rotate. The sampling lifting tube 51 drives the push ring plate 41 to rotate in the limiting ring groove 4 through the plug-in connection between the plug-in block 57 and the plug-in recessed plate 43. The limiting ring groove 4 drives the push connecting rod 44 to move outward in the limiting ring groove 4 through the column of the pushing connecting rod 44, pushing the hinged segmented drill bit 31 to deflect outward and open, pushing the toothed ring of the ring plate 41 to mesh with the self-locking gear 42 on the inner wall of the drill pipe 3, driving the self-locking gear 42 to rotate.

[0068] S3: The switching sleeve 23 is pushed down by the electric push rod 24. After the plug-in block 57 leaves the plug-in recessed plate 43, the separation blade on the separation plate 6 contacts the soil. Then, the lifting frame 2 is driven by the lifting component 12 to descend. After the drilling motor 21 and the sampling motor 22 drive the drill pipe 3 and the sampling lifting tube 51 to rotate, the soil to be sampled is drilled. The crushing blade crushes the soil outside the cylindrical diameter formed by the grabbing dividing plate 52, so that the soil can be cut into a cylindrical shape matching the grabbing dividing plate 52 and then enter the cylinder formed by the grabbing dividing plate 52 for sampling, reaching the set sampling soil height.

[0069] S4: the lifting frame 2 stops descending, and the drill pipe 3 stops rotating at the same time. The separation motor 63 on the grabbing separation plate 52 is started, and the separation gear 61 is driven to rotate through the cooperation of the synchronous wheel and the synchronous belt. The separation gear 61 drives the separation rack 62 meshing with it to move, thereby driving the separation plate 6 to move inward. The crushing blade under the separation plate 6 rotates to cut the cylindrical soil, so as to separate the sampled soil from the bottom soil. The two sides of the folding enclosure 64 move with the separation plate 6. After sliding in the separation plate 6, the separation plate 6 is unfolded to protect the separation rack 62 below to prevent the soil from entering the tooth groove of the separation rack 62, thereby completing the cutting and separation of the soil.

[0070] S5: The drill pipe 3 is driven to rise a certain distance by the lifting frame 2, so as to facilitate the reset of the segmented drill bit 31 and prevent the soil from entering the interior of the segmented drill bit 31. After the switching sleeve 23 is lowered, the gear on the transmission rod 25 rotates, driving the sampling lifting tube 51 to rise. After encountering the plug-in concave plate 43, the rotation of the sampling lifting tube 51 drives the push rod 44 to reset, and then pulls the segmented drill bit 31 to reset. After the sampling lifting tube 51 reaches the set position, the gear of the threaded sleeve 53 meshes with the gear of the grabbing motor 56, and the containing motor 7 is started, driving the cross 71 to rotate, so that the containing slot 72 on the cross 71 is in the position. After being directly below the grabbing and dividing plate 52, the separation gear 61 is driven to rotate through the rotation of the separation motor 63, so that the separation plate 6 moves outward, and the support for the sampled soil in the grabbing and dividing plate 52 is released. After the grabbing motor 56 is started, it drives the threaded sleeve 53 to rotate. After the threaded sleeve 53 drives the lifting sleeve 54 to rise, it drives the annular rack 55 to rise, and the grabbing and dividing plate 52 meshing with the annular rack 55 is deflected outward, and the sampled soil is collected in the holding groove 72. When in-depth sampling is required, the sampling lifting tube 51 is reset, the lifting frame 2 continues to descend, and the drill pipe 3 rotates to drill.

[0071] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A soil sampling device for ecological and environmental protection testing, comprising a driving vehicle (1), characterized in that: It also includes an automatic deflection frame (11), a lifting component (12), a driving device, a drilling device, and a sampling device installed on the driving vehicle (1); The automatic deflection frame (11) is hinged to the outer surface of the driving vehicle (1) via a pin shaft and drives the lifting component (12) to deflect; the lifting component (12) is fixedly mounted on the outer surface of the automatic deflection frame (11) and drives the drilling device and the sampling device to move up and down; The driving device is located on the outer surface of the lifting component (12), and drives the drilling device to drill holes and the sampling device to sample. The driving device comprises a drilling motor (21) with gears and a sampling motor (22). The output shaft of the drilling motor (21) rotates to drive the drilling device to rotate, and the rotation of the sampling motor (22) drives the sampling device to rotate. The drilling device is located on the outer surface of the driving device and performs a drilling action on the ground. The drilling device comprises a drilling mechanism and a pushing mechanism. The drilling mechanism comprises a segmented drill bit (31). The segmented drill bit (31) rotates to drill a hole in the ground. The pushing mechanism comprises a pushing connecting rod (44) with a column. The movement of the pushing connecting rod (44) drives the segmented drill bit (31) to deflect. The sampling device is located on the outer surface of the driving device and samples the inside of the soil after drilling. The sampling device comprises a gripping mechanism, a separation mechanism and a holding mechanism. The gripping mechanism comprises a gripping plate (52) with a toothed ring, and the gripping plate (52) wraps the soil to be sampled after deflection. The separation mechanism comprises a separation plate (6) with a crushing blade, and the rotation of the separation plate (6) separates the sampled soil. The holding mechanism comprises a holding groove (72), and the holding groove (72) holds the soil gripped by the gripping plate (52).

2. The sampling device for ecological and environmental protection soil detection according to claim 1 is characterized by: The driving device further comprises a lifting frame (2), the two ends of the lifting frame (2) being respectively threadedly connected to the outer surfaces of the two screw rods of the lifting component (12), the outer surface of the lifting frame (2) being fixedly mounted to the outer surface of the drilling motor (21), the outer surface of the lifting frame (2) being fixedly mounted to the outer surface of the sampling motor (22), one end of the output shaft of the sampling motor (22) being slidably plugged with a switching sleeve (23) having a gear and a bevel gear, an electric push rod (24) being fixedly mounted on the outer surface of the lifting frame (2), one end of the electric push rod (24) being rotatably connected to the outer surface of the switching sleeve (23) via a bearing seat, the outer surface of the lifting frame (2) being rotatably connected to a transmission rod (25) having a bevel gear and a gear via a bearing, the bevel gear of the transmission rod (25) being meshed with the bevel gear of the switching sleeve (23).

3. The sampling device for ecological and environmental protection soil detection according to claim 2 is characterized by: The drilling mechanism further comprises a drill pipe (3) with a gear, one end of the drill pipe (3) being rotatably connected to the outer surface of the lifting frame (2) via a bearing, the gear of the drill pipe (3) being meshed with the gear of the drilling motor (21), and the lower surface of the drill pipe (3) being hinged to the outer surface of the segmented drill bit (31) via a pin shaft.

4. The sampling device for ecological and environmental protection soil detection according to claim 3 is characterized by: The pushing mechanism comprises a limiting ring groove (4), the limiting ring groove (4) is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the drill pipe (3) via a support plate, the inner wall of the limiting ring groove (4) is rotatably connected to a pushing ring plate (41) having a gear ring, the inner wall of the drill pipe (3) is rotatably connected to a self-locking gear (42), the self-locking gear (42) is meshed with a gear of the pushing ring plate (41), an inserting concave plate (43) is fixedly mounted on the inner surface of the pushing ring plate (41), one end of the pushing connecting rod (44) is slidably plugged into the inner wall of the limiting ring groove (4), a column of the pushing connecting rod (44) is slidably plugged into the inner wall of the pushing ring plate (41), and one end of the pushing connecting rod (44) is hinged to the inner wall of the segmented drill bit (31) via a pin shaft.

5. The sampling device for ecological and environmental protection soil detection according to claim 4 is characterized by: The grabbing mechanism further comprises a plug-in sleeve (5) with a gear, the plug-in sleeve (5) being rotatably connected to the outer surface of the lifting frame (2) via a bearing, the gear of the plug-in sleeve (5) being meshed with the gear of the switching sleeve (23) via a gear set, and a sampling lifting tube (51) with a gear ring being slidably plugged into the inner wall of the plug-in sleeve (5), the gear ring of the sampling lifting tube (51) being meshed with the gear of the transmission rod (25).

6. The sampling device for ecological and environmental protection soil detection according to claim 5 is characterized by: One end of the sampling lifting tube (51) is hinged to one end of the grabbing plate (52) via a pin, and a plurality of the grabbing plates (52) are arranged to form a cylindrical shape. The outer surface of the sampling lifting tube (51) is rotatably connected to a threaded sleeve (53) with a gear via a bearing, and the outer surface of the threaded sleeve (53) is threadedly connected to a lifting sleeve (54), and the inner wall of the lifting sleeve (54) is slidably plugged into the inner wall of the groove of the sampling lifting tube (51) via a connecting rod, and one end of the connecting rod of the lifting sleeve (54) is fixedly mounted with an annular rack (5 5), after the annular rack (55) is meshed with the gear ring of the grabbing plate (52), the lifting and lowering of the annular rack (55) drives the grabbing plate (52) to deflect, a grabbing motor (56) with a gear is fixedly mounted on the outer surface of the lifting frame (2), the output shaft gear of the grabbing motor (56) is meshed with the gear of the threaded sleeve (53), and a plug-in block (57) is fixedly mounted on the outer surface of the grabbing plate (52), and the outer surface of the plug-in block (57) is slidably plugged with the inner wall of the plug-in recessed plate (43).

7. The sampling device for ecological and environmental protection soil detection according to claim 6 is characterized by: The separation mechanism further comprises a separation gear (61), the separation gear (61) being rotatably connected to the inner wall of the grabbing and separating plate (52) via a bearing, the upper surface of the separation plate (6) being slidably plugged into the lower surface of the grabbing and separating plate (52), a separation rack (62) being fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the separation plate (6), the separation rack (62) being meshed with the separation gear (61), and a separation motor (63) being fixedly mounted on the outer surface of the grabbing and separating plate (52), the output shaft of the separation motor (63) driving the rotation of the separation gear (61) through the cooperation of a synchronous belt and a synchronous wheel.

8. The sampling device for ecological and environmental protection soil detection according to claim 7 is characterized by: A folding enclosure (64) is slidably inserted into the inner wall of the groove of the separation plate (6), and one end of the folding enclosure (64) is fixedly mounted to the inner wall of the groove of the grabbing separation plate (52).

9. The sampling device for ecological and environmental protection soil detection according to claim 8 is characterized by: The containing mechanism further comprises a containing discharge motor (7), the containing discharge motor (7) being fixedly mounted on the outer surface of the lifting frame (2), a cross (71) being fixedly mounted on one end of the output shaft of the containing discharge motor (7), and the containing groove (72) being fixedly mounted on the outer surface of the cross (71).

10. A sampling method for an ecological and environmental protection soil sampling device, using the ecological and environmental protection soil sampling device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: S1: When it is necessary to sample the soil, the sampling device is moved to the sampling ground area by the driving vehicle (1), and the motor on the automatic deflection frame (11) is started to drive the automatic deflection frame (11) to deflect, and the horizontally placed lifting component (12) is deflected to be vertical to the ground, so that the sampling device is located directly above the ground where sampling is required. The drilling motor (21) is controlled to start, and at the same time, the lifting component (12) drives the lifting frame (2) to descend. After the lifting frame (2) drives the drill pipe (3) to descend, the drill pipe (3) is driven by the drilling motor (21) to rotate, and the segmented drill bit (31) that is closed at the bottom rotates to drill a hole in the ground to reach a set depth; S2: The sampling motor (22) is started, and the bevel gear on the switching sleeve (23) drives the bevel gear of the transmission rod (25) to rotate. After the transmission rod (25) meshes with the gear ring of the sampling lifting tube (51) through the gear at one end, the sampling lifting tube (51) is lowered in the drill pipe (3), and at the same time, the plug-in block (57) of the grabbing plate (52) is plugged into the plug-in concave plate (43). The switching sleeve (23) is pushed up by the electric push rod (24), so that the gear of the switching sleeve (23) is meshed with the gear on the lifting frame (2). The bevel gear on the switching sleeve (23) is disconnected from the meshing with the bevel gear of the transmission rod (25). After the sampling motor (22) is started, the lifting frame is driven to move upward. The gear of (2) rotates, driving the plug-in sleeve (5) to rotate. After the plug-in sleeve (5) is plugged into the sampling lifting tube (51), the sampling lifting tube (51) is driven to rotate. The sampling lifting tube (51) drives the push ring plate (41) to rotate in the limiting ring groove (4) through the plug-in connection between the plug-in block (57) and the plug-in concave plate (43). The limiting ring groove (4) drives the push connecting rod (44) to move outward in the limiting ring groove (4) through the column of the push connecting rod (44), pushing the hinged segmented drill bit (31) to deflect outward and open, pushing the toothed ring of the ring plate (41) to mesh with the self-locking gear (42) on the inner wall of the drill pipe (3), driving the self-locking gear (42) to rotate; S3: The switching sleeve (23) is driven by the electric push rod (24) to descend, and after the plug-in block (57) leaves the plug-in recessed plate (43), the separation blade on the separation plate (6) contacts the soil, and the lifting frame (2) is driven by the lifting component (12) to descend, and the drilling motor (21) and the sampling motor (22) drive the drill pipe (3) and the sampling lifting pipe (51) to rotate, and then the soil to be sampled is drilled, and the crushing blade crushes the soil outside the diameter of the cylinder surrounded by the grabbing and dividing plates (52), so that the soil can be cut into a cylindrical shape matching the grabbing and dividing plates (52) and then enter the cylinder surrounded by the grabbing and dividing plates (52) for sampling, and reach the set sampling soil height; S4: the lifting frame (2) stops descending, and the drill pipe (3) stops rotating at the same time. The separation motor (63) on the grabbing separation plate (52) is started, and the separation gear (61) is driven to rotate through the cooperation of the synchronous wheel and the synchronous belt. The separation gear (61) drives the separation rack (62) meshing therewith to move, thereby driving the separation plate (6) to move inward. The crushing blade below the separation plate (6) rotates to cut the cylindrical soil, so as to facilitate the separation of the sampled soil and the bottom soil. The two sides of the folding enclosure (64) slide inside the separation plate (6) as the separation plate (6) moves, and the separation plate (6) is unfolded to protect the separation rack (62) below to prevent the soil from entering the tooth groove of the separation rack (62), thereby completing the cutting and separation of the soil. S5: The drill pipe (3) is driven to rise a certain distance by the lifting frame (2) to facilitate the reset of the segmented drill bit (31) and prevent soil from entering the interior of the segmented drill bit (31). After the switching sleeve (23) is lowered, the gear on the transmission rod (25) rotates, driving the sampling lifting tube (51) to rise. After encountering the plug-in concave plate (43), the sampling lifting tube (51) drives the push rod (44) to reset through the rotation of the sampling lifting tube (51), and pulls the segmented drill bit (31) to reset. After the sampling lifting tube (51) reaches the set position, the gear of the threaded sleeve (53) meshes with the gear of the grabbing motor (56), and the containing motor (7) is started, driving the cross (71) to rotate, so that the containing groove (72) on the cross (71) is ) is located directly below the grabbing and dividing plate (52), the separation gear (61) is driven to rotate by the rotation of the separation motor (63), so that the separation plate (6) moves outward, and the support for the sampled soil in the grabbing and dividing plate (52) is released. After the grabbing motor (56) is started, it drives the threaded sleeve (53) to rotate, and the threaded sleeve (53) drives the lifting sleeve (54) tube to rise, and then drives the annular rack (55) to rise, and the grabbing and dividing plate (52) meshed with the annular rack (55) is deflected outward, and the sampled soil is collected in the holding groove (72). When in-depth sampling is required, the sampling lifting tube (51) is reset, the lifting frame (2) continues to descend, and the drill pipe (3) rotates to drill a hole.

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