Huller

Abstract

The huller comprises a machine frame, a feeding hopper, a hull breaking mechanism and a separating mechanism, the hull breaking mechanism is installed above the machine frame, the feeding hopper is located above the hull breaking mechanism, and the separating mechanism is located below the hull breaking mechanism; the shell breaking mechanism comprises a shell breaking chamber, a driving device and at least one shell breaking roller group; the shell breaking roller group is rotatably mounted in the shell breaking chamber; each shell breaking roller group comprises a shell breaking rotating roller and a curved surface sieve plate, the shell breaking rotating roller is driven by a driving device to rotate, the curved surface sieve plate is located below the shell breaking rotating roller, the curved surface sieve plate comprises a plurality of round rods, the round rods are sequentially arranged in the curved surface direction, and a gap is formed between every two adjacent round rods. Compared with the prior art, the method has the following main advantages: (1) nuts are prevented from being damaged; (2) the automatic separation of broken kernels and broken shells is realized; and (3) shells are uniformly broken, the capacity is large, and the separation efficiency of kernels and broken shells is high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of Chinese medicinal material processing, in particular to a shelling machine. Background Art

[0002] In the field of traditional Chinese medicine, the sources of Chinese medicine are very wide. Many animals and plants can be used as medicine, and many plants with shells can also be used as Chinese medicine. Some Chinese medicine raw materials with shells (such as almonds, walnuts, pine nuts, etc.) require kernels, and some require shells, but they all need to be broken and separated during preparation. There are many shelling devices in the prior art, but most of them use the relative movement of rollers to break the shells. For example, the Chinese patent document with publication number CN85108938A discloses a pine nut and hazelnut shelling machine, which uses a pair of rolling rollers with special hole shapes that rotate relative to each other to squeeze the solid shell of such nuts. This type of shelling machine easily breaks the kernel, and the shelling effect is not good.

[0003] Therefore, in view of the existing problems in the prior art, it is urgent to provide a shelling machine technology that is not easy to break the kernel. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to avoid the deficiencies in the prior art and provide a shelling machine which is not easy to break kernels.

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: A shelling machine is provided, which comprises a frame, a feed hopper, a shell breaking mechanism and a separation mechanism, wherein the shell breaking mechanism is installed above the frame, the feed hopper is located above the shell breaking mechanism, and the separation mechanism is located below the shell breaking mechanism; The shell breaking mechanism includes a shell breaking chamber, a driving device and at least one shell breaking roller group, each shell breaking roller group includes a shell breaking roller and a curved screen plate, the shell breaking roller is driven to rotate by the driving device, the curved screen plate is located below the shell breaking roller, and the curved screen plate includes a plurality of round rods, the plurality of round rods are arranged in sequence along the curved surface direction and there is a gap between two adjacent round rods; The shell breaking roller is provided with a rotating shaft, two supporting wheels, a supporting rod and a shell breaking knife strip. The two ends of the rotating shaft are respectively fixedly connected to the two supporting wheels. The two ends of the rotating shaft can be rotatably installed in the shell breaking chamber and driven to rotate by a driving device. The support rod is installed on the two supporting wheels, and the shell breaking knife strip is installed on the support rod. The shell breaking knife strip is provided with a convex tooth on the outward side.

[0006] Preferably, the end of the rotating shaft and the output shaft of the motor are both equipped with transmission wheels, and the transmission wheel at the end of the rotating shaft and the transmission wheel of the output shaft of the motor are connected by a transmission belt.

[0007] Preferably, a middle support wheel is provided which is installed between the two support wheels and is used to reinforce the support rod.

[0008] Preferably, the round rod is rotatably mounted on the two side walls of the shell breaking chamber around its own central axis.

[0009] Preferably, the shell breaking chamber is composed of two side plates and two inclined plates to form a bucket-shaped chamber, and a discharge port is provided at the lower end of the shell breaking chamber; the discharge port is located above the separation mechanism.

[0010] Preferably, the separation mechanism includes a separation conveyor belt with a rough surface, a separation drive device and a collecting bucket. The separation conveyor belt is arranged obliquely and driven by the separation drive device to move upward obliquely. The lower end of the separation conveyor belt is located above the discharger, and the higher end of the separation conveyor belt is located above the crushed shell collection device.

[0011] Preferably, the separation drive device includes a separation drive active roller, a separation drive driven roller, and a separation drive motor. The separation conveyor belt is obliquely installed on the separation drive active roller and the separation drive driven roller. The separation drive motor drives the separation drive active roller to rotate so that the separation conveyor belt moves obliquely upward.

[0012] Preferably, a collision inclined plate is arranged below the discharge port of the shell breaking chamber, and the collision inclined plate is arranged obliquely and the lower end is located above the separation conveyor belt and the distance is greater than 30 cm.

[0013] Preferably, a dust removal mechanism is also provided, the dust removal mechanism comprises a bag dust collector and a pipeline, and the bag dust collector is connected to the shell breaking chamber through the pipeline. Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0014] The shelling machine of the present invention includes a frame, a feed hopper, a shell breaking mechanism and a separation mechanism, wherein the shell breaking mechanism is installed above the frame, the feed hopper is located above the shell breaking mechanism, and the separation mechanism is located below the shell breaking mechanism; the shell breaking mechanism includes a shell breaking chamber, a driving device and at least one group of shell breaking rollers, wherein the shell breaking rollers are rotatably installed in the shell breaking chamber; each group of shell breaking rollers includes a shell breaking roller and a curved screen plate, wherein the shell breaking roller is driven to rotate by the driving device, and the curved screen plate is located below the shell breaking roller, and the curved screen plate includes a plurality of round rods, wherein the plurality of round rods are arranged in sequence along the curved surface direction and there is a gap between two adjacent round rods; the shell breaking roller is provided with a rotating shaft, two supporting wheels, a supporting rod and a shell breaking blade strip, wherein the two ends of the rotating shaft are respectively fixedly connected to the two supporting wheels, and the two ends of the rotating shaft are rotatably installed in the shell breaking chamber and driven to rotate by the driving device, the supporting rod is installed on the two supporting wheels, the shell breaking blade strip is installed on the supporting rod, and a convex tooth is provided on the outward side of the shell breaking blade strip. Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following main advantages: (1) A non-roller relative motion extrusion method is adopted to prevent the crushing of the kernel. The present invention adds the shelled Chinese medicine (nuts) that need to be shelled into the shell breaking roller group. When the shell breaking roller rotates, it will collide with the nuts to crack the shells. The shell breaking roller group of the present invention mainly uses the collision force of the shell breaking roller and the friction collision between the nuts to break the nut shells. Moreover, when the force of the shell breaking roller is too large, the nuts can move to avoid damage to the kernels.

[0015] (2) The use of a curved screen plate in conjunction with a shelling roller can separate the unshelled nuts from the shelled kernels and crushed shells while breaking the shells. The shelled kernels and crushed shells are separated and automatically fall down, while the unshelled nuts remain on the curved screen plate and continue to be shelled.

[0016] (3) The shell-breaking roller is hollow, and there is a wide gap between the shell-breaking blades. This allows the shell-breaking roller to stir the nuts while rotating to break the shells evenly. In addition, the amount of nuts that can be accommodated by the entire shell-breaking roller group is greatly increased to avoid frequent feeding. Furthermore, the nut material can be loosened to allow the kernels and broken shells to fall off the curved screen faster, and the separation efficiency of the kernels and broken shells is high. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] The present invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the contents in the accompanying drawings do not constitute any limitation to the present invention.

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A partial enlarged view.

[0020] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of a shell breaking roller according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the interior of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] exist Figures 1 to 4 Included are: 1 rack; 2 Feed hopper; Shell breaking mechanism: 3-1 shell breaking chamber, 3-2 side plate, 3-3 inclined plate, 3-4 discharge port, 3-5 shell breaking roller, 3-6 rotating shaft, 3-7 supporting wheel, 3-8 middle supporting wheel, 3-9 supporting rod, 3-10 shell breaking blade, 3-11 curved screen plate, 3-12 round rod, 3-13 motor, 3-14 transmission wheel; Separation mechanism: 4-1 separation conveyor belt, 4-2 separation drive active roller, 4-3 separation drive driven roller, 4-4 separation drive motor; 5. Collision with the inclined plate; 6. Dust removal mechanism. Implementation

[0023] The present invention is further described with reference to the following embodiments and accompanying drawings. Example 1

[0024] A shelling machine of this embodiment includes a frame 1, a feed hopper 2, a shell breaking mechanism and a separation mechanism, wherein the shell breaking mechanism is installed above the frame 1, the feed hopper 2 is located above the shell breaking mechanism, and the separation mechanism is located below the shell breaking mechanism; wherein the shell breaking mechanism includes a shell breaking chamber 3-1, a driving device and two sets of shell breaking roller groups, and the shell breaking roller groups are rotatably installed in the shell breaking chamber 3-1. The shell breaking chamber 3-1 is composed of two side plates 3-2 and two inclined plates 3-2 to form a bucket-shaped chamber, and a discharge port 3-3 is provided at the lower end of the shell breaking chamber 3-1; the discharge port 3-3 is located above the separation mechanism, so that it is convenient for discharging.

[0025] The shell breaking roller 3-4 and the curved screen plate 3-10 of each group of shell breaking rollers are driven to rotate by the driving device. Specifically, the shell breaking roller 3-4 is provided with a rotating shaft 3-5, two supporting wheels 3-6, a supporting rod 3-8 and a shell breaking knife strip 3-9. The two ends of the rotating shaft 3-5 are respectively fixedly connected to the two supporting wheels 3-6. The two ends of the rotating shaft 3-5 can be rotatably mounted on the shell breaking chamber 3-1 and driven to rotate by the driving device. The supporting rod 3-8 is mounted on the two supporting wheels 3-6, and the shell breaking knife strip 3-9 is mounted on the supporting rod 3-8. The shell breaking knife strip 3-9 is provided with a convex tooth on the outward side. The end of the rotating shaft 3-5 and the output shaft of the motor 3-12 are both provided with a transmission wheel 3-13. The transmission wheel 3-13 at the end of the rotating shaft 3-5 is connected to the transmission wheel 3-13 of the output shaft of the motor 3-12 by a transmission belt. In order to enhance the firmness, the present embodiment is further provided with a middle support wheel 3-7 installed between the two support wheels 3-6 for reinforcing the support rod 3-8. The present invention adds the shelled Chinese medicine (nuts) to be shelled into the shell breaking roller group, and the shell breaking roller 3-4 will collide with the nuts to crack the shells when rotating. The shell breaking roller group of the present invention mainly utilizes the collision force of the shell breaking roller 3-4 and the friction collision between the nuts to break the nut shells.

[0026] In order to save energy and floor space, the curved screen plate 3-10 is located below the shelling roller 3-4 and can utilize the gravity of the material itself to fall without setting an additional power source. The curved screen plate 3-10 includes multiple round rods 3-11, which are arranged in sequence along the curved surface direction and have a gap between two adjacent round rods 3-11. The gap can be set according to the size grade of Chinese medicinal materials (nuts). The shelling machine of the present invention is better when used in conjunction with a screening machine. The nuts are first divided into materials of different sizes by a screening machine, and the gap width of the curved screen plate 3-10 is adjusted according to the grade of each batch to achieve an excellent separation effect. In order to reduce friction, the round rods 3-11 of the present embodiment are rotatably mounted on the two side walls of the shelling chamber 3-1 around their own central axis.

[0027] In order to separate the broken shells from the kernels while breaking the shells, the shell breaking machine of this embodiment is provided with a separation mechanism, which includes a separation conveyor belt 4-1 with a rough surface, a separation drive device and a collection bucket. The separation conveyor belt is tilted and driven by the separation drive device to move upward obliquely. The lower end of the separation conveyor belt is located above the discharger, and the higher end of the separation conveyor belt is located above the broken shell collection device. The separation drive device includes a separation drive active roller 4-2, a separation drive driven roller 4-3, and a separation drive motor 4-4. The separation conveyor belt is tiltedly installed on the separation drive active roller 4-2 and the separation drive driven roller 4-3. The separation drive motor 4-4 drives the separation drive active roller 4-2 to rotate so that the separation conveyor belt moves obliquely upward. The separation mechanism of the shell breaker in this embodiment mainly works as follows: when the broken shells and kernels fall onto the rough and inclined separation conveyor belt 4-1, the materials are mainly affected by gravity G, the support force F of the conveyor belt on the materials perpendicular to the conveyor belt, and the friction force f directed diagonally upward. The density of the kernels is large, and the combined forces of G, F and f are directed diagonally downward, so the kernels fall downward. The density of the broken shells is small, and the combined forces of G, F and f are directed diagonally upward, so the broken shells run diagonally upward with the conveyor belt, thereby achieving separation of the two. Example 2

[0028] The main technical solution of this embodiment is basically the same as that of Embodiment 1. For features not explained in this embodiment, the explanation in Embodiment 1 is adopted and will not be repeated here.

[0029] In this embodiment, on the basis of the first embodiment, a collision inclined plate 53-2 is arranged below the discharge port 3-3 of the shell-breaking chamber 3-1. The collision inclined plate 53-2 is arranged obliquely and the lower end is located above the separation conveyor belt and the distance is greater than 30 cm. The nuts shelled by the shell-breaking roller group sometimes have the shells adhered to the kernels. The collision inclined plate 53-2 is arranged below the discharge port 3-3 of the shell-breaking chamber 3-1 so that the kernels adhered to the shells fall and collide with the collision inclined plate 53-2, and the shells and kernels are further separated by collision. Example 3

[0030] The main technical scheme of this embodiment is basically the same as that of embodiment 1 or embodiment 2. The features not explained in this embodiment are explained in embodiment 1 or embodiment 2, and will not be repeated here. This embodiment is also provided with a dust removal mechanism 6, which includes a bag dust collector and a pipeline. The bag dust collector is connected to the shell breaking chamber 3-1 through the pipeline, so that the arrangement is more environmentally friendly.

[0031] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the claims. A person skilled in the art should understand and modify or replace the technical solutions of the present invention with equivalents by referring to the preferred embodiments, but the technical solutions of the present invention are substantially the same and within the scope of protection.

Claims

1. A shelling machine, characterized in that: It comprises a frame, a feeding hopper, a shell breaking mechanism and a separation mechanism, wherein the shell breaking mechanism is installed above the frame, the feeding hopper is located above the shell breaking mechanism, and the separation mechanism is located below the shell breaking mechanism; The shell breaking mechanism includes a shell breaking chamber, a driving device and at least one shell breaking roller group, each shell breaking roller group includes a shell breaking roller and a curved screen plate, the shell breaking roller is driven to rotate by the driving device, the curved screen plate is located below the shell breaking roller, and the curved screen plate includes a plurality of round rods, the plurality of round rods are arranged in sequence along the curved surface direction and there is a gap between two adjacent round rods; The shell breaking roller is provided with a rotating shaft, two supporting wheels, a supporting rod and a shell breaking knife strip, the two ends of the rotating shaft are respectively fixedly connected to the two supporting wheels, the two ends of the rotating shaft can be rotatably installed in the shell breaking chamber and driven to rotate by the driving device, the supporting rod is installed on the two supporting wheels, the shell breaking knife strip is installed on the supporting rod, and the shell breaking knife strip is provided with a convex tooth on the outward side.

2. A shelling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end of the rotating shaft and the output shaft of the motor are both equipped with transmission wheels, and the transmission wheel at the end of the rotating shaft and the transmission wheel of the output shaft of the motor are connected through a transmission belt.

3. A shelling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: A middle support wheel is also provided which is installed between the two support wheels and is used to strengthen the support of the support rod.

4. A shelling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The round rod is rotatably mounted on the two side walls of the shell breaking chamber around its own central axis.

5. A shelling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shell breaking chamber is composed of two side plates and two inclined plates to form a bucket-shaped chamber, and a discharge port is arranged at the lower end of the shell breaking chamber; the discharge port is located above the separation mechanism.

6. A shelling machine according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that: The separation mechanism includes a separation conveyor belt with a rough surface, a separation drive device and a collecting bucket. The separation conveyor belt is arranged obliquely and driven by the separation drive device to move obliquely upward. The lower end of the separation conveyor belt is located above the discharger, and the higher end of the separation conveyor belt is located above the crushed shell collecting device.

7. A shelling machine according to claim 6, characterized in that: The separation drive device includes a separation drive active roller, a separation drive driven roller, and a separation drive motor. The separation transmission belt is obliquely installed on the separation drive active roller and the separation drive driven roller. The separation drive motor drives the separation drive active roller to rotate so that the separation transmission belt moves obliquely upward.

8. A shelling machine according to claim 6, characterized in that: A collision inclined plate is arranged below the discharge port of the shell breaking chamber, and the collision inclined plate is arranged obliquely, and a lower end of the collision inclined plate is located above the separation conveyor belt and the distance is greater than 30 cm.

9. A shelling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: A dust removal mechanism is also provided, which includes a bag dust collector and a pipeline, and the bag dust collector is connected to the shell breaking chamber through the pipeline.

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