Efficient sludge gravity concentration device

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of water treatment, and discloses an efficient sludge gravity concentration device which comprises a storage pool and a drainage pipe arranged on the storage pool, one end of the drainage pipe is communicated with the storage pool, the other end of the drainage pipe is located outside the storage pool, and the end, communicated with the storage pool, of the drainage pipe is detachably connected with a drainage mechanism. The drainage mechanism comprises a large-diameter pipe, a small-diameter pipe and a communicating pipe, the large-diameter pipe is communicated between the drainage pipe and the small-diameter pipe, the diameter of the large-diameter pipe is larger than that of the small-diameter pipe, the bottom end of the communicating pipe is communicated with the large-diameter pipe, the top end of the communicating pipe extends upwards to be communicated with the atmosphere, and the small-diameter pipe is connected with a switching mechanism for controlling on-off of the small-diameter pipe. The problems that in the prior art, a storage pool is poor in mud-water separation effect and low in separation efficiency are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of water treatment, and in particular to a high-efficiency sludge gravity concentrating device. Background Art

[0002] As people's awareness of water resource protection and management increases, more and more sewage treatment equipment is designed and applied. In these sewage treatment equipment, at least one sludge storage tank needs to be built. When in use, the mixture of sludge and water is discharged into the storage tank, and then gravity concentration, mechanical concentration or a combination of gravity concentration and mechanical concentration is used to separate the sludge from the water. The concentrated sludge is located in the lower layer of the storage tank, and the separated clean water is located in the upper layer of the storage tank as the supernatant. After the mud and water are separated, the supernatant is discharged from the drain pipe. After the supernatant is discharged for the first time, a new mud and water mixture is injected into the storage tank from the middle and lower part of the storage tank for the second time, and the newly injected mud and water mixture continues to separate, and the cycle is repeated until the sludge height is close to the drain pipe and the mud and water mixture can no longer be injected. The concentration is stopped. At this time, all the concentrated sludge in the storage tank needs to be discharged before the next mud and water separation.

[0003] Although the above storage tank structure can complete the separation of mud and water, there are still many problems in the actual application process: 1. During the concentration process, the supernatant needs to be discharged from the storage tank through the drain pipe for many times, and then the mud-water mixture needs to be newly injected into the storage tank for many times. When the supernatant is discharged from the storage tank through the drain pipe, turbulence is easily formed when the supernatant flows in the drain pipe, which disturbs the remaining supernatant in the storage tank, causing the precipitated sludge to be stirred into the supernatant, resulting in the supernatant discharged through the drain pipe still containing sludge, making the separation effect of the entire equipment poor.

[0004] 2. Since the existing drainage pipe structure is prone to form turbulence during use and disturb the remaining supernatant and sludge in the storage tank, in order to reduce the adverse effects caused by the turbulence of the drainage pipe, in actual use, the injection of new mud-water mixture is usually stopped when the top surface of the sludge is far away from the position connected to the drainage pipe in the storage tank, resulting in low utilization of the entire storage tank. In addition, since the sedimentation height of the sludge is limited, the mud-water separation efficiency of the entire storage tank is low.

[0005] 3. In addition, many storage tanks for sludge separation have been built and their overall structure has been finalized, such as the size of the storage tank and the installation location of the drainage pipe. However, the volume of the storage tank is relatively large, which makes it difficult to improve the existing storage tank. Rebuilding a new storage tank structure will not only affect the mud-water separation time limit, but also increase the separation cost. Summary of the invention

[0006] The present invention aims to provide an efficient sludge gravity thickening device to solve the problem of poor mud-water separation effect and low separation efficiency in the storage tank in the prior art.

[0007] To solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: an efficient sludge gravity thickening device, comprising a storage tank and a drain pipe arranged on the storage tank, one end of the drain pipe is connected to the storage tank, and the other end is located outside the storage tank, and a drainage mechanism is detachably connected to the end of the drain pipe connected to the storage tank, the drainage mechanism comprises a large-diameter pipe, a small-diameter pipe and a connecting pipe, the large-diameter pipe is connected between the drain pipe and the small-diameter pipe, the diameter of the large-diameter pipe is larger than the diameter of the small-diameter pipe, the bottom end of the connecting pipe is connected to the large-diameter pipe, the top end of the connecting pipe extends upward to communicate with the atmosphere, and the small-diameter pipe is connected to a switch mechanism for controlling the on and off of the small-diameter pipe.

[0008] The principle of this solution is: one end of the drain pipe is connected to the inside of the storage tank, and the other end is located outside the storage tank, so that the supernatant separated in the storage tank can be discharged from the storage tank through the drain pipe; at the same time, in this application, a drainage mechanism is detachably connected to the end of the drain pipe connected to the storage tank. When the drainage mechanism is connected, after completing a mud and water separation, the switch mechanism is turned on to put the small-diameter pipe in a connected state. At this time, the supernatant in the storage tank first enters the small-diameter pipe, and then flows from the small-diameter pipe into a larger-diameter pipe, and finally flows from the large-diameter pipe into the drain pipe and is discharged from the storage tank.

[0009] In the present application, since the supernatant first flows from a small-diameter pipe with a small diameter into a large-diameter pipe with a larger diameter when being discharged from the storage tank, water jump energy dissipation can be achieved. Moreover, when flowing into the large-diameter pipe, the large-diameter pipe is also connected to a connecting pipe connected to the atmosphere, thereby effectively reducing the Reynolds number of the supernatant during the flow process, so that the supernatant can maintain laminar flow as much as possible during the outflow process, so as to reduce the disturbance of the sludge during the discharge of the supernatant, and effectively improve the mud-water separation effect.

[0010] The beneficial effects of this program are: 1. Effectively improve the effect of mud-water separation: Compared with the prior art, when the supernatant is discharged from the storage tank, the supernatant easily forms turbulence in the drain pipe and disturbs the separated sludge, causing the supernatant to contain sludge when discharged, thus affecting the mud-water separation effect. In this application, due to the provision of a drainage mechanism, the drainage mechanism is used to keep the supernatant as laminar as possible during the discharge process, thereby effectively reducing the disturbance of the sludge during the discharge process, so that the sludge content in the discharged supernatant is very low, and the mud-water separation effect is effectively improved.

[0011] 2. It can effectively improve the efficiency of mud-water separation: In this application, since the Reynolds number of the supernatant during the discharge process is lower after the drainage mechanism is set, the disturbance to the separated sludge in the storage tank is smaller. Therefore, when the mud-water mixture is newly added to the storage tank, the upper limit of the height at which the sludge can be stored in the storage tank can be increased when the position of the drain pipe does not change and the mud-water separation effect is the same as that of the prior art, so that the storage tank can be newly injected with mud-water mixture more times before all the sludge is discharged each time, effectively improving the efficiency of mud-water separation. More importantly, according to the gravity concentration process during the mud-water separation process in the storage tank, after the new mud-water mixture is injected repeatedly, the concentration of the sludge in the storage tank will become larger and larger, and more collisions will occur between the particles and the particulate matter in the mud-water mixture, which enhances the flocculation effect, thereby greatly increasing the sedimentation rate. Compared with general concentration, it can significantly shorten the sedimentation time and further improve the efficiency of mud-water separation.

[0012] 3. Easy to assemble and disassemble, and easy to use: In this application, the drainage mechanism is detachably connected to the drain pipe. Therefore, the use of a high-efficiency sludge gravity thickening device in this application can not only be well applied to the newly built storage tank, thereby improving the mud-water separation efficiency; at the same time, the drainage mechanism in this application can be connected to the drain pipe in the existing storage tank, so that without changing or rebuilding the storage tank, the mud-water separation efficiency of the entire equipment can be effectively improved, and the economic value is very large.

[0013] 4. Good economic benefits: In this application, as the number of times the mud-water mixture is added to the storage tank increases, and the supernatant is discharged from the drain pipe for many times, the concentration of the sludge in the storage tank will increase, and the efficiency of sludge concentration will increase accordingly. In some special cases in the prior art, when the original mud-water mixture itself is difficult to form a good separation effect, it is necessary to add flocculants and other agents to the mud-water mixture. In this case, the scheme in this application is adopted. In the actual sludge concentration process, as the number of times the mud-water mixture is added increases, the amount of flocculants and other agents added to the storage tank during each concentration and precipitation process can be gradually reduced while ensuring the efficiency of each concentration and separation. Moreover, as the number of times the mud-water mixture is added increases, the agents in the storage tank can undergo secondary reactions more times, thereby reducing the consumption cost of agents during the concentration process. For sewage treatment plants, chemical plants and other places where the amount of mud-water mixture to be treated is very large, the economic benefits are very considerable. In addition, since the sludge concentrating device of the present application has a better sludge concentrating effect, when the sludge is concentrated and then subjected to mechanical drying treatment and other processes, the equipment investment cost and equipment operating cost of the mechanical drying treatment can be effectively saved, thereby further improving its economic benefits.

[0014] Preferably, as an improvement, the distance between the top end of the connecting pipe and the top surface of the storage tank is greater than or equal to 5 cm.

[0015] In this solution, the top of the connecting pipe is located in the storage tank, and the distance between the top of the connecting pipe and the top surface of the storage tank is greater than or equal to 5 cm. At this time, the connecting pipe can not only assist the supernatant to flow out of the storage tank more smoothly, but the connecting pipe can also be used as an overflow pipe. When new mud and water mixture is injected into the storage tank, even if the injection of new mud and water mixture into the storage tank is not closed in time, when the liquid level of the mud and water mixture in the storage tank continues to rise, the mud and water mixture can be effectively prevented from overflowing out of the storage tank. The excess mud and water mixture can overflow from the connecting pipe to prevent sewage from spreading everywhere and polluting the environment.

[0016] Preferably, as an improvement, the switch mechanism comprises a plugging head, and the plugging head is detachably connected to an end of the small-diameter tube away from the large-diameter tube.

[0017] In this solution, a plugging head is used to control the opening and closing of the small-diameter pipe, which has a simple structure and is easy to control.

[0018] Preferably, as an improvement, the switch mechanism further comprises a driver, the driver is connected to the outer wall of the small diameter tube, and the plugging head is fixedly connected to the driver.

[0019] In this solution, a driver is used to drive the plugging head to connect or disconnect with respect to the small-diameter tube, so as to automatically control the connection and disconnection of the small-diameter tube, and the control is more convenient and accurate.

[0020] Preferably, as an improvement, the plugging head is conical, and the small-diameter tube is provided with a conical surface that cooperates with the conical plugging head.

[0021] In this solution, the plugging head is set to a cone shape, and a conical surface is set at the end of the small-diameter tube, so that the plugging head can easily and stably form a connection seal with the end of the small-diameter tube, while preventing the plugging head from completely entering the small-diameter tube and being unable to be conveniently removed from the small-diameter tube. The setting of the conical surface makes the removal of the plugging head more labor-saving, thereby allowing the driver to more conveniently drive the plugging head to move; and under the action of the supernatant water pressure in the storage tank, the supernatant has a certain pressure effect on the plugging head, so that the plugging head can more stably perform a sealing effect.

[0022] Preferably, as an improvement, the number of the drivers is at least two, and all the drivers are evenly arranged along the outer circumference of the small-diameter tube.

[0023] In this solution, the number of drivers is set to be multiple, which can more conveniently and smoothly push the plugging head to move, thereby achieving better on-off control of the small-diameter pipe.

[0024] Preferably, as an improvement, the small diameter tube is rotatably connected to the large diameter tube, and one end of the small diameter tube away from the large diameter tube is fixedly connected to a suspension part, and under the buoyancy of the suspension part, the end of the small diameter tube away from the large diameter tube is located below the liquid surface of the supernatant.

[0025] In this solution, the small diameter tube is rotatably connected to the large diameter tube, and the suspension part is fixedly connected to the end of the small diameter tube away from the large diameter tube. When the mud and water in the storage tank are separated and a supernatant is formed in the upper layer, under the buoyancy of the suspension part, the end of the small diameter tube away from the large diameter tube is always located below the liquid surface of the supernatant, ensuring that the supernatant can always smoothly enter the small diameter tube through the liquid inlet end of the small diameter tube and be discharged out of the storage tank until all the supernatant that can flow out through the small diameter tube flows out of the storage tank.

[0026] In this scheme, due to the buoyancy of the suspended part, the small-diameter tube will automatically rotate relative to the large-diameter tube as the liquid level in the supernatant in the storage tank changes, so that the distance between the liquid inlet end of the small-diameter tube and the liquid level of the supernatant is always at a small distance. During the entire supernatant discharge process, the distance between the liquid level of the supernatant and the liquid inlet end of the small-diameter tube is appropriate, which can avoid the liquid inlet end of the small-diameter tube and the supernatant liquid level being too large, causing excessive pressure when the supernatant enters the liquid inlet end of the small-diameter tube, thereby making the flow rate of the supernatant when entering the small-diameter tube in a more gentle state, which is conducive to the supernatant being in a laminar state when flowing in the small-diameter tube and the large-diameter tube, further improving the efficiency and effect of mud-water separation. At the same time, since the small-diameter tube in the present solution is rotatably connected to the large-diameter tube, in the process of concentration and separation, theoretically, as long as the height of the sludge is less than the liquid inlet end of the small-diameter tube rotates to the upper limit position, the small-diameter tube can be used to discharge the supernatant (of course, this requires the premise that the small-diameter tube can rotate). Therefore, when the technical solution in the present application is directly improved to the drainage pipe in the prior art, the height of the sludge can be further increased, thereby improving the space utilization rate of the entire device, thereby further improving the efficiency of sludge concentration and separation and the quality of sludge concentration and separation.

[0027] More importantly, in the present scheme, at the initial stage of supernatant discharge, the liquid inlet end of the small-diameter tube is at the upper limit position, and as the supernatant is continuously discharged and the liquid level decreases, the vertical inclination angle of the small-diameter tube gradually increases, and as the small-diameter tube gradually rotates, the gravity of the small-diameter tube and the switch mechanism on the small-diameter tube acts on the suspended part with a greater force, making the liquid level distance of the local supernatant at the top of the small-diameter tube larger and larger, so that in the process of the supernatant level continuously decreasing, the supernatant can also stably and smoothly flow into the small-diameter tube, thereby realizing the smooth discharge of the supernatant.

[0028] In addition, it should be noted that in the present scheme, in order to enable the small-diameter tube to automatically rotate relative to the large-diameter tube when the liquid level of the supernatant liquid drops to a suitable position, a suspension portion can be arranged on one side of the small-diameter tube, so that when the liquid level of the supernatant liquid drops to a level where the small-diameter tube can automatically rotate, it automatically tilts toward the side where the suspension portion is not arranged, to ensure that the small-diameter tube can automatically rotate during the process of the liquid level of the supernatant liquid dropping, so that the discharge process of the supernatant liquid can proceed smoothly; of course, further, a counterweight block can be fixedly connected to the side of the small-diameter tube away from the suspension portion, so that the small-diameter tube is in an inclined state in any state, fully ensuring that the small-diameter tube can discharge the supernatant liquid smoothly.

[0029] At the same time, in this scheme, since the small-diameter tube is in an inclined state after the liquid level of the supernatant drops, and the liquid inlet end of the small-diameter tube is in an inclined upward state after the small-diameter tube rotates, this state is conducive to the supernatant liquid with a height higher than the liquid inlet end of the small-diameter tube to enter the small-diameter tube in a laminar flow state. At the same time, it can also reduce the disturbance of the supernatant liquid in the lower layer when the supernatant liquid enters the small-diameter tube, thereby minimizing the disturbance of the sludge in the supernatant liquid discharge process, and further improving the efficiency and effect of mud-water separation.

[0030] Preferably, as an improvement, the driver is located inside the suspension portion.

[0031] In this solution, the suspension not only provides buoyancy to the small-diameter tube, but also protects the driver, so that the entire device can discharge the supernatant more stably.

[0032] Preferably, as an improvement, a liquid level detector for detecting the liquid level in the storage tank and a mud level detector for detecting the sludge height are fixedly connected to the storage tank, and a control unit is arranged outside the storage tank, and the driver, liquid level detector and mud level detector are all connected to the control unit signal.

[0033] In this solution, the liquid level detector is used to detect the liquid level in the storage tank, where the liquid level may include the height of the mud-water mixture, the liquid level of the supernatant, etc. The mud level detector is used to detect the sludge height in the storage tank, and the control unit is used to set the sludge height threshold, the maximum and minimum values ​​of the liquid level in the storage tank, and control the driver to open the plug. The liquid level detector and the mud level detector are used to detect the liquid level in the storage tank and the actual height of the mud level after the mud and water are separated, so as to automatically control the liquid inlet of the mud-water mixture, and automatically detect the mud level and automatically control the discharge of the supernatant at the right time, so that the concentration process of the entire concentration device is more accurate and automated.

[0034] Preferably, as an improvement, there are multiple drainage mechanisms, and the multiple drainage mechanisms are arranged at intervals in the vertical direction.

[0035] In this scheme, the number of drainage mechanisms is set to be multiple, and the multiple drainage mechanisms are arranged at intervals in the vertical direction, that is, there is a height difference between the multiple drainage mechanisms in the vertical direction. The multiple drainage mechanisms can be on the same vertical line or distributed at different positions of the storage tank (such as different sides, etc.). The supernatant in the storage tank is discharged by using multiple drainage mechanisms with different heights. During the sedimentation and concentration process, the multiple drainage mechanisms can be opened in sequence from top to bottom to always discharge the supernatant that has been completely precipitated and concentrated on the top layer, and as the interface between the sludge and the supernatant gradually moves downward, the drainage mechanism on the lower side is gradually opened to achieve a better discharge effect. Of course, it is also possible to wait until the supernatant and the sludge are concentrated and separated, and then open multiple drainage mechanisms at the same time, so that all supernatants are quickly discharged, thereby improving the efficiency of sludge concentration.

[0036] The sludge thickening tank comprises the efficient sludge gravity thickening device.

[0037] By arranging the efficient sludge gravity thickening device in the sludge thickening tank, mud-water separation can be completed more efficiently and with higher quality.

[0038] The sludge concentration method uses the efficient sludge gravity concentration device or the sludge concentration tank to perform sludge-water concentration and separation. The steps of sludge-water concentration and separation are as follows: Step 1: Mud and water separation: first turn off the switch, inject the mud and water mixture into the storage tank, and then wait for the mud and water mixture to complete the mud and water separation in the storage tank. The sludge produced by the mud and water separation is located in the lower layer of the storage tank, and the supernatant produced by the mud and water separation is located in the upper layer of the storage tank; Step 2: drain the supernatant. Use the switch mechanism to open the small-diameter tube. The supernatant on the upper layer of the storage tank first enters the small-diameter tube and then the large-diameter tube. When the supernatant enters the large-diameter tube from the small-diameter tube, under the connecting effect of the connecting tube, the supernatant flows into the drain pipe in a laminar flow state and is finally discharged from the storage tank through the drain pipe. Step 3: Add new mud-water mixture. When the supernatant is discharged in step 2, close the switch mechanism, and then inject new mud-water mixture into the storage tank, and then wait for the mud-water mixture to complete mud-water separation in the storage tank. The sludge produced by the mud-water separation is located in the lower layer of the storage tank, and the supernatant produced by the mud-water separation is located in the upper layer of the storage tank; then discharge the supernatant produced according to step 2; Step 4: Repeat steps 2 to 3 until the sludge level in the storage tank approaches the drain outlet and cannot be further concentrated. Stop injecting new sludge-water mixture into the storage tank, drain all the supernatant and sludge in the storage tank out of the storage tank, and repeat step 1 for the next cycle of sludge-water concentration and separation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] Figure 1It is a front cross-sectional view of the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A partial enlarged view of point A in the middle.

[0041] Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional view of the connection between the end cover, the small diameter tube and the electric push rod in the second embodiment of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 4 The same as in the third embodiment of the present invention Figure 1 A partial enlarged view of point A in the middle.

[0043] Figure 5 It is a front cross-sectional view of the fourth embodiment of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the drainage mechanism in Embodiment 5 of the present invention.

[0045] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the drainage mechanism in Embodiment 7 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] The following is further described in detail through specific implementation methods: The figure marks in the drawings of the specification include: storage tank 1, sludge 101, supernatant 102, drainage pipe 2, large diameter pipe 3, small diameter pipe 4, connecting pipe 5, end cover 6, pull rope 7, hinged rod 8, torsion spring 9, plugging head 10, driver 11, ultrasonic mud level meter 12, control unit 13, suspension part 14, flexible rope 15.

[0047] Embodiment 1 This embodiment is as shown in the attached Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown: an efficient sludge gravity thickening device, including a storage tank 1 and a drain pipe 2 arranged on the storage tank 1, specifically, the water inlet end of the drain pipe 2 is connected to the right side of the storage tank 1, and the water outlet end of the drain pipe 2 passes through the side wall of the storage tank 1 and extends to the outside of the storage tank 1, and the height of the water outlet end of the drain pipe 2 is lower than the height of the water inlet end of the drain pipe 2 to ensure that the supernatant 102 in the storage tank 1 can be discharged out of the storage tank 1 through the drain pipe 2.

[0048] Combination Figure 1 and Figure 2, the water inlet end of the drain pipe 2 is detachably connected with a drainage mechanism. Specifically, the drainage mechanism includes a large diameter pipe 3, a small diameter pipe 4 and a connecting pipe 5, wherein the large diameter pipe 3 is connected between the water inlet end of the drain pipe 2 and the small diameter pipe 4, the connecting pipe 5 is vertically arranged, the bottom end of the connecting pipe 5 is connected with the large diameter pipe 3, and the top end of the connecting pipe 5 extends upward and is connected with the atmosphere. At the same time, the top end of the connecting pipe 5 in this embodiment is lower than the top surface of the storage tank 1, and the distance between the top end of the connecting pipe 5 and the top surface of the storage tank 1 is greater than or equal to 5 cm, preferably 8 cm, so that the connecting pipe 5 in this embodiment can not only play a pressure relief role for the large diameter pipe 3, but also be used as an overflow pipe. When too much muddy water mixture is injected into the storage tank 1, the muddy water mixture can overflow from the connecting pipe 5, thereby preventing the muddy water mixture from overflowing out of the storage tank 1 and polluting the surrounding environment.

[0049] like Figure 2 As shown, the large diameter tube 3 and the small diameter tube 4 in this embodiment are both arranged horizontally, and the diameter of the large diameter tube 3 is larger than that of the small diameter tube 4. The supernatant 102 in the storage tank 1 can enter the small diameter tube 4 from the end of the small diameter tube 4 away from the large diameter tube 3 (i.e., the liquid inlet end of the small diameter tube 4), and then flow into the large diameter tube 3 from the small diameter tube 4 to realize water jump energy dissipation. At the same time, under the connecting effect of the connecting tube 5, the Reynolds number of the supernatant 102 entering the small diameter tube 4 is in a lower range when it flows into the large diameter tube 3, so that the discharged supernatant 102 is in a laminar state, which effectively reduces the disturbance of the lower layer sludge 101 in the storage tank 1 during the discharge of the supernatant 102, thereby effectively improving the quality of the discharged supernatant 102.

[0050] In this embodiment, in order to facilitate the control of the mud-water concentration and separation process, a switch mechanism for controlling the on-off of the small-diameter tube 4 is connected to the small-diameter tube 4. When the supernatant 102 in the storage tank 1 needs to be discharged, the switch mechanism can be turned on to make the small-diameter tube 4 unobstructed, thereby smoothly discharging the supernatant 102 on the upper layer of the storage tank 1. Figure 1 and Figure 2 The switch mechanism in this embodiment is an end cap 6 rotatably connected to the liquid inlet end of the small diameter tube 4, and the liquid inlet end of the small diameter tube 4 is an opening inclined upward. Figure 2The middle tilt angle is 45°, and the liquid inlet end of the small-diameter tube 4 is tilted upward. When the supernatant 102 enters the liquid inlet end of the small-diameter tube 4, it can effectively reduce the disturbance to the sludge 101 below the liquid inlet end of the small-diameter tube 4, so that the sludge 101 content is lower when the supernatant 102 is discharged; in addition, the end cover 6 is rotatably connected to the top position of the liquid inlet end of the small-diameter tube 4. Since the liquid inlet end of the small-diameter tube 4 is tilted, when the end cover 6 is connected to the liquid inlet end of the small-diameter tube 4, the pressure of the supernatant 102 in the storage tank 1 acts on the end cover 6, which is conducive to the full fit between the end cover 6 and the liquid inlet end of the small-diameter tube 4 and plays a good blocking effect. As for the opening method of the end cover 6, it can be opened manually, or a pull rope 7 can be connected to the outer wall of the end cover 6. When the small-diameter tube 4 needs to be opened, the pull rope 7 can be manually pulled. The structure is simple and easy to operate.

[0051] In this solution, by setting a drainage mechanism in the storage tank 1, the Reynolds number of the supernatant 102 in the upper layer of the storage tank 1 is effectively reduced during the discharge process, and the supernatant 102 is discharged in a laminar manner as much as possible, reducing the disturbance of the separated sludge 101 during the discharge process, thereby improving the efficiency and quality of mud and water concentration and separation. It should be noted that the drawings in this embodiment only show schematic diagrams of the drainage mechanism and the switch mechanism. In actual application, the size of each component needs to be reasonably determined according to the size of the storage tank 1 and the size and position of the drain pipe 2, which will not be repeated here.

[0052] The sludge thickening tank comprises the above-mentioned efficient sludge gravity thickening device.

[0053] The sludge concentration method uses the above-mentioned efficient sludge gravity concentration device or sludge concentration tank to concentrate and separate the sludge and water. The steps of the sludge and water concentration separation are as follows: Step 1, mud and water separation, first snap the end cover 6 onto the liquid inlet end of the small-diameter tube 4, and then inject the mud and water mixture into the storage tank 1 through the liquid inlet pipe arranged in the middle or bottom of the storage tank 1 in the prior art. After the mud and water mixture enters the storage tank 1, it is allowed to stand, and the mud and water mixture is gradually concentrated by gravity and separated into layers (of course, flocculants such as PAM, iron salts, and calcium salts can be added during the standing process to improve the separation efficiency). When the mud and water mixture shows obvious mud and water stratification in the storage tank 1 and the mud and water separation is completed, the sludge 101 produced by the mud and water separation is located in the lower layer of the storage tank 1, and the supernatant 102 produced by the mud and water separation is located in the upper layer of the storage tank 1, and at this time the liquid level of the supernatant 102 is higher than the liquid inlet end of the small-diameter tube 4.

[0054] Step 2, discharge the supernatant 102, and pull the end cover 6 out of the liquid inlet end of the small-diameter tube 4 by manually pulling the pull rope 7, so that the blocking effect of the end cover 6 on the liquid inlet end of the small-diameter tube 4 is small. At this time, the supernatant 102 on the upper layer of the storage tank 1 first enters the small-diameter tube 4, and then enters the large-diameter tube 3. When the supernatant 102 enters the large-diameter tube 3 from the small-diameter tube 4, it can realize water jump energy dissipation and reduce the Reynolds number. Combined with the connecting effect of the connecting tube 5, the supernatant 102 flows into the drain pipe 2 in a laminar state, and is finally discharged from the storage tank 1 through the drain pipe 2.

[0055] Step three, newly add mud and water mixture. When the supernatant 102 in step two is discharged and the liquid level drops to the point where the supernatant 102 cannot enter the small-diameter tube 4, close the end cover 6, and then use the liquid inlet pipe to newly inject the mud and water mixture into the storage tank 1. The newly added mud and water mixture is mixed with the sludge 101 in the lower layer of the storage tank 1. When the liquid level of the mud and water mixture in the storage tank 1 rises to close to and below the top of the connecting tube 5, stop adding the mud and water mixture. The same as the mud and water separation process in step one, the mud and water mixture completes mud and water separation in the storage tank 1, the sludge 101 generated by the mud and water separation is located in the lower layer of the storage tank 1, and the supernatant 102 generated by the mud and water separation is located in the upper layer of the storage tank 1; and then the supernatant 102 generated is discharged in the same manner as in step two. It should be noted that in this step, before the new mud and water mixture is added, there is already a certain amount of sludge 101 in the lower layer of the storage tank 1. Therefore, after the new mud and water mixture is added, the content of sludge 101 in the mud and water mixture in the storage tank 1 is higher. According to the principle of "interference sedimentation" during gravity concentration, after the concentration of sludge 101 increases, the sedimentation rate will increase, thereby shortening the time for a single mud and water concentration and separation, and effectively improving the efficiency of mud and water separation.

[0056] Step 4, repeat steps 2 to 3, and inject new mud-water mixture into the storage tank 1 after each discharge of the supernatant 102, and repeat the cycle for many times until the height of the sludge 101 generated in the storage tank 1 is close to the height of the liquid inlet end of the small-diameter tube 4 and cannot be further concentrated, then stop injecting new mud-water mixture into the storage tank 1, and discharge all the supernatant 102 and sludge 101 in the storage tank 1 out of the storage tank 1 (the sludge 101 can be discharged through the sludge discharge port set at the bottom of the storage tank 1 in the prior art, or other mechanical suction and removal, etc., after the sludge 101 is discharged, it enters the mechanical drying process in the prior art, etc., which will not be repeated here), and then repeat step 1 to carry out the next cycle of mud-water concentration and separation.

[0057] Embodiment 2 The difference between the second embodiment and the first embodiment is that in the first embodiment, by providing a pull rope 7 structure on the end cover 6, when the end cover 6 needs to be opened, the pull rope 7 can be directly pulled. Figure 3As shown, the switch mechanism in this embodiment also includes an electric push rod, which is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the small-diameter tube 4 by means of glue or a binding tape. A hinged rod 8 is hinged at the output end of the electric push rod, and the hinged rod 8 is hinged to the outer wall of the end cover 6. A torsion spring 9 is fixedly connected between the end cover 6 and the end of the small-diameter tube 4. The torsion spring 9 is sleeved on a rotating shaft that is rotatably connected to the end cover 6 and the small-diameter tube 4. In a natural state, under the torsion force of the torsion spring 9, the end cover 6 is in a state of closing the liquid inlet end of the small-diameter tube 4.

[0058] In this embodiment, in a normal state, the end cover 6 is in a state of closing the liquid inlet end of the small-diameter tube 4 under the torsion force of the torsion spring 9. When the end cover 6 needs to be opened, the output end of the electric push rod contracts, and the end cover 6 can be pulled to rotate through the hinge rod 8, so that the end cover 6 rotates away from the liquid inlet end of the small-diameter tube 4, thereby opening the liquid inlet end of the small-diameter tube 4, realizing automatic opening of the end cover 6, and making the control more convenient.

[0059] Embodiment 3 The difference between the third embodiment and the first embodiment is that the switch mechanism in the first embodiment is an end cover 6, such as Figure 4 As shown, the switch mechanism in this embodiment includes a conical plugging head 10, and a conical surface matching the plugging head 10 is provided at the liquid inlet end of the small-diameter tube 4. When the plugging head 10 blocks the liquid inlet end of the small-diameter tube 4, the small-diameter end of the plugging head 10 is inserted into the liquid inlet end of the small-diameter tube 4. At this time, under the pressure of the mud-water mixture or the supernatant 102 in the storage tank 1, it can be ensured that the plugging head 10 is stably inserted into the liquid inlet end of the small-diameter tube 4 to play a sealing role.

[0060] At the same time, the switching mechanism in this embodiment also includes a driver 11. The driver 11 can be an electric push rod or other power components that can push and pull the plugging head 10. At the same time, in order to ensure the stability of the plugging head 10 during the pushing and pulling process, the number of drivers 11 is multiple and the multiple drivers 11 are evenly arranged along the circumference of the small-diameter tube 4. In order to control costs and facilitate operation, the number of drivers 11 in this embodiment is set to two. When in use, the two drivers 11 synchronously push and pull the plugging head 10 to open and close the small-diameter tube 4.

[0061] Embodiment 4 The difference between the fourth embodiment and the third embodiment is that: Figure 5As shown, a liquid level detector for detecting the liquid level in the storage liquid and a mud level detector for detecting the height of the sludge 101 are fixedly connected to the storage tank 1, and a control unit 13 is arranged outside the storage tank 1, and the driver 11, the liquid level detector and the mud level detector are all connected to the control unit 13 by signal. In this embodiment, an ultrasonic mud level meter 12 is used as both a liquid level detector and a mud level detector, that is, the ultrasonic mud level meter 12 can simultaneously detect the liquid level and the mud level in the storage tank 1, the control unit 13 is controlled by a single chip microcomputer, and the driver 11 is the electric push rod in the third embodiment. It should be noted that the liquid level in this embodiment specifically refers to the height of the mud-water mixture and the liquid level of the supernatant 102 after the mud-water concentration and separation.

[0062] Specifically, in actual application, the control unit 13 is used to set the maximum and minimum values ​​of the liquid level height, as well as the threshold value of the sludge 101 height. The maximum value of the liquid level height is less than or equal to the height value of the top of the connecting tube 5, and in this embodiment, it is preferably less than 2 cm from the top of the connecting tube 5; the minimum value of the liquid level height is greater than or equal to the height value of the bottom end of the small-diameter tube 4, and in this embodiment, it is preferably that the minimum value of the liquid level height is flush with the bottom end of the small-diameter tube 4; in addition, the sludge 101 height threshold is less than or equal to the height of the bottom end of the large-diameter tube 3, and in this embodiment, the sludge 101 height threshold is preferably located 2 cm below the bottom end of the large-diameter tube 3.

[0063] In a normal state, the plugging head 10 is in a state of plugging and closing the small-diameter pipe 4. First, the mud-water mixture is injected into the storage tank 1. At this time, since the sludge 101 and water in the mud-water mixture are in a mixed and unseparated state, the ultrasonic mud level meter 12 identifies the liquid level of the mud-water mixture as the height of the sludge 101. When the liquid level of the mud-water mixture rises to the maximum value of the liquid level in the storage tank 1, the ultrasonic mud level meter 12 detects that the liquid level in the storage tank 1 has reached the maximum value. At this time, the injection of the mud-water mixture into the storage tank 1 is stopped, and then the control unit 13 performs timing. During the timing process, the mud-water mixture is concentrated and separated in the storage tank 1. As the mud-water separation proceeds, the height of the sludge 101 in the storage tank 1 (i.e., the height of the sludge 101) 1 and the dividing line between the supernatant 102 and the supernatant 102) continuously decreases, when the timing ends (for example, the timing duration is 5 minutes), the ultrasonic mud level meter 12 is used to detect the height of the sludge 101 in the storage tank 1, when the ultrasonic mud level meter 12 detects that the height of the sludge 101 in the storage tank 1 is lower than the sludge 101 height threshold, the control unit 13 controls the driver 11 to open the plugging head 10, and the supernatant 102 in the storage tank 1 is discharged, when the liquid level in the storage tank 1 (at this time, the liquid level of the supernatant 102) drops to the minimum value of the liquid level in the storage tank 1, the control unit 13 controls the driver 11 to close the plugging head 10, and completes the injection, concentration and separation of the mud-water mixture and the discharge of the supernatant 102.

[0064] When the last supernatant 102 is discharged and the plugging head 10 is closed, a new mud-water mixture is injected into the storage tank 1, and the process of injecting the mud-water mixture, concentrating and separating, and discharging the supernatant 102 is repeated, and the cycle is repeated in sequence until the height of the sludge 101 reaches the sludge 101 height threshold when a certain supernatant 102 is discharged. The entire concentrating process is then stopped, and then all the sludge 101 in the storage tank 1 is cleared before the next cycle of mud-water concentration and separation is carried out.

[0065] In this embodiment, the ultrasonic mud level meter 12 and the control unit 13 are used to automatically detect and control the sludge 101 concentration process, which can not only reduce manpower input, but also make the sludge 101 concentration process more accurate and timely, thereby improving the concentration efficiency and achieving better concentration effect.

[0066] In addition, since the ultrasonic mud level meter 12 is provided in the present embodiment to detect the liquid level in the storage tank 1, a switch valve can be installed on the liquid inlet pipe of the mud-water mixture, and the switch valve is connected to the control unit 13 by signal. When the ultrasonic mud level meter 12 detects that the liquid level in the storage tank 1 rises to the maximum value of the liquid level, the control unit 13 automatically controls the switch valve to close. At the same time, the control unit 13 can also be used to set an auxiliary drainage threshold, the height of the auxiliary drainage threshold is higher than the height of the top of the connecting pipe 5 and lower than the height of the top surface of the storage tank 1. For example, the distance between the top of the connecting pipe 5 and the top surface of the storage tank 1 is 8 cm, and the auxiliary drainage threshold is 5 cm higher than the height of the connecting pipe. In the present embodiment, when the mud-water mixture is injected into the storage tank 1, if a mechanical failure occurs, causing the liquid level in the storage tank 1 to reach the auxiliary drainage threshold, it indicates that there is too much liquid in the storage tank 1 and the connecting pipe 5 cannot overflow quickly. At this time, the control unit 13 controls the plugging head 8 to open, and uses the small-diameter pipe 4 to assist the overflow, thereby reducing the mud-water mixture in the storage tank 1 from overflowing the storage tank 1 and causing environmental risks.

[0067] Embodiment 5 The difference between the fifth embodiment and the third embodiment is that: Figure 6 As shown, in this embodiment, the small diameter tube 4 is rotatably connected to the large diameter tube 3 by a sealed bearing, and the rotation plane of the small diameter tube 4 is parallel to the inner wall plane of the storage tank 1, and the liquid inlet end of the small diameter tube 4 is planar; at the same time, a suspension part 14 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the small diameter end near the liquid inlet end, and the interior of the suspension part 14 is hollow. The main part of the electric push rod in Example 2 is fixedly connected to the suspension part 14, and the push rod part of the electric push rod extends outside the suspension part 14 and is fixedly connected to the plugging head 10, so that the suspension part 14 is used to protect the main part of the electric push rod.

[0068] In the present embodiment, by connecting the suspension part 14 to the liquid inlet end of the small-diameter tube 4, when the small-diameter tube 4 and the suspension part 14 are located in the supernatant 102 of the storage tank 1, the suspension part 14 is used to provide buoyancy to the small-diameter tube 4, so that the liquid inlet end of the small-diameter tube 4 is always located below the liquid surface of the supernatant 102, so as to ensure that the small-diameter tube 4 can smoothly discharge the supernatant 102, and when the liquid inlet end of the small-diameter tube 4 rotates to the upper limit position, the liquid inlet end of the small-diameter tube 4 is lower than the top of the connecting tube 5. For example, in the present embodiment, when the liquid inlet end of the small-diameter tube 4 rotates to the upper limit position, the distance between the liquid inlet end of the small-diameter tube 4 and the top of the connecting tube 5 is 5 cm, so as to avoid the ultrasonic mud level meter 12 failing to control the opening of the small-diameter tube 4 in time due to the rapid rise of the liquid level during the injection of the mud-water mixture into the storage tank 1, thereby effectively reducing the overflow of the mud-water mixture from the connecting tube 5 without concentration and filtration. After the supernatant 102 is separated in the storage tank 1, when the supernatant 102 is just beginning to be discharged, the liquid inlet end of the small-diameter tube 4 is at the upper limit position. At this time, the liquid level of the supernatant 102 can be higher than the liquid inlet end of the small-diameter tube 4 by a large distance. As the supernatant 102 is continuously discharged, the liquid level of the supernatant 102 continues to drop. When the liquid level of the supernatant 102 drops to near the liquid inlet end of the small-diameter tube 4, as the supernatant 102 continues to be discharged and the liquid level continues to drop, under the action of gravity of the small-diameter tube 4 and the driver 11 connected to the small-diameter tube 4, the small-diameter tube 4 automatically rotates as the liquid level of the supernatant 102 drops, thereby always ensuring that the supernatant 102 can smoothly flow into the small-diameter tube 4 and be discharged.

[0069] Embodiment 6 The difference between the sixth embodiment and the third embodiment is that in the present embodiment, the number of drain pipes 2 provided on the storage tank 1 is two or more, and all the drain pipes 2 can be provided in the same vertical direction or staggered in the vertical direction, but the height of the liquid inlet end of each drain pipe 2 in the horizontal direction is different, and all the components connected to the drain pipe 2 in the third embodiment are provided on each drain pipe 2. In the present embodiment, a plurality of drain pipes 2 are provided, and a drainage mechanism and a switch mechanism are provided on each drain pipe 2. When the sludge 101 gradually accumulates on both sides in the storage tank 1, the drainage mechanism of the drain pipe 2 that is lower than the height of the sludge 101 or close to the height of the sludge 101 can be closed, so as to better complete the mud-water separation.

[0070] Embodiment 7 The difference between the seventh embodiment and the fifth embodiment is that: in the fifth embodiment, the suspension part 14 is arranged on the outer wall of the small diameter tube 4. In this embodiment, in order to improve the stability of the suspension force provided by the suspension part 14 to the small diameter tube 4, as shown in FIG. Figure 7 As shown, the suspension part 14 is arranged at the liquid surface of the supernatant 102 , that is, the suspension part 14 is suspended at the liquid surface of the supernatant 102 , and a hinge rod or a flexible rope is connected between the suspension part 14 and the liquid inlet end of the small diameter tube 4 .

[0071] When the mud-water mixture is injected into the storage tank 1, as the liquid level of the mud-water mixture continues to rise, the suspension part 14 rises along with the rising liquid level of the mud-water mixture, and at the same time, the small-diameter tube 4 also rotates under the buoyancy of the suspension part 14 until the liquid inlet end of the small-diameter tube 4 rotates to the upper limit position. Under the tension of the small-diameter tube 4 and the flexible rope, even if the liquid level of the mud-water mixture rises further, the suspension part 14 will not continue to rise and will be located below the liquid level of the mud-water mixture.

[0072] After the mud and water concentration and separation are completed, the supernatant liquid 102 is discharged through the small-diameter tube 4 to keep the liquid level of the supernatant liquid 102 constant. When the liquid level of the supernatant liquid 102 drops to the position of the suspension part 14, as the supernatant liquid 102 continues to be discharged, the liquid level continues to drop. The suspension part 14 moves downward following the drop in the liquid level of the supernatant liquid 102. During the downward movement of the suspension part 14, a suspension pulling force is exerted on the small-diameter tube 4, so that the liquid inlet end of the small-diameter tube 4 slowly moves downward as the liquid level of the supernatant liquid 102 drops until the supernatant 102 is completely discharged.

[0073] The above is only an embodiment of the present invention, and the common knowledge such as the known specific technical solutions and / or characteristics in the solution is not described in detail here. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the technical solution of the present invention, several modifications and improvements can be made, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, and these will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the practicality of the patent. The scope of protection required by this application shall be based on the content of its claims, and the specific implementation methods and other records in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. An efficient sludge gravity thickening device, comprising a storage tank and a drainage pipe arranged on the storage tank, one end of the drainage pipe is connected to the storage tank, and the other end is located outside the storage tank, characterized in that: A drainage mechanism is detachably connected to one end of the drain pipe connected to the storage tank. The drainage mechanism includes a large-diameter tube, a small-diameter tube and a connecting tube. The large-diameter tube is connected between the drain pipe and the small-diameter tube. The diameter of the large-diameter tube is larger than the diameter of the small-diameter tube. The bottom end of the connecting tube is connected to the large-diameter tube, and the top end of the connecting tube extends upward to be connected to the atmosphere. The small-diameter tube is connected to a switch mechanism for controlling the on and off of the small-diameter tube.

2. The efficient sludge gravity thickening device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distance between the top of the connecting pipe and the top surface of the storage tank is greater than or equal to 5 cm.

3. The efficient sludge gravity thickening device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The switch mechanism comprises a plugging head, which is detachably connected to an end of the small-diameter tube away from the large-diameter tube.

4. The efficient sludge gravity thickening device according to claim 3 is characterized by: The switch mechanism also includes a driver, which is connected to the outer wall of the small-diameter tube, and the plugging head is fixedly connected to the driver.

5. The efficient sludge gravity thickening device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The plugging head is in a conical shape, and a conical surface matching the conical plugging head is provided on the small-diameter tube.

6. The efficient sludge gravity thickening device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The number of the drivers is at least two, and all the drivers are evenly arranged along the outer circumference of the small-diameter tube.

7. The efficient sludge gravity thickening device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The small diameter tube is rotatably connected to the large diameter tube, and one end of the small diameter tube away from the large diameter tube is fixedly connected to a suspension part. Under the buoyancy of the suspension part, the end of the small diameter tube away from the large diameter tube is located below the liquid surface of the supernatant.

8. The efficient sludge gravity thickening device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The driver is located in the suspension part.

9. The efficient sludge gravity thickening device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The storage tank is fixedly connected with a liquid level detector for detecting the liquid level in the storage tank and a mud level detector for detecting the sludge height, and a control unit is arranged outside the storage tank. The driver, liquid level detector and mud level detector are all connected with the control unit signal.

10. The efficient sludge gravity thickening device according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are multiple drainage mechanisms, and the multiple drainage mechanisms are arranged at intervals in the vertical direction.

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