Hub casting method

Abstract

The invention relates to a hub casting method which comprises the following steps: design of risers (100): the risers (100) are designed and arranged right above a driving hole (210) of a hub, and each riser (100) extends to the position of an upper flange (220) of the hub through a first feeding patch (300) to form an effective feeding channel; a slag collecting table (400) is designed, wherein the slag collecting table (400) is designed above an upper flange (220) of the hub; and chiller arrangement: designing and arranging a first chiller (500) between the adjacent risers (100). According to the scheme, the problems that in the prior art, in the casting process of hub driving holes, flanges and other parts, slag inclusion is prone to occurring, and the defects of micro shrinkage porosity exist can be solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of casting methods, and in particular to a casting method for a wheel hub. Background Art

[0002] In the heavy-duty mining truck manufacturing industry, the wheel hub is a key supporting part, and its quality and performance directly affect the overall stability and service life of the vehicle. However, there are significant technical bottlenecks in the existing heavy-duty mining wheel hub casting technology, especially in the casting process of key parts such as the drive shaft hole and flange of the wheel hub, which are prone to defects such as slag inclusion and micro-shrinkage. These defects not only reduce the mechanical strength and durability of the wheel hub, but also often lead to exceeding the standard in subsequent radiographic testing (RT testing), eventually causing the casting to be scrapped, increasing production costs and extending the production cycle.

[0003] Specifically, slag inclusion is mainly caused by the failure to effectively remove impurities from the melt during the casting process, while micro-shrinkage is caused by the microscopic pore structure caused by inconsistent local cooling rates during the solidification of the casting. These problems are particularly prominent in the drive shaft hole and flange parts of the hub, because these areas have complex structures and it is difficult to ensure uniform flow of the melt and sufficient shrinkage compensation. In order to overcome the above technical difficulties, the present invention proposes an innovative casting process design. Summary of the invention

[0004] Based on this, it is necessary to provide a casting method for a wheel hub in order to overcome the problems of slag inclusion and micro-shrinkage defects in the wheel hub drive hole, flange and other parts of the prior art during the casting process.

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] The embodiment of the present invention discloses a method for casting a wheel hub, comprising:

[0007] Riser design: Riser is designed and arranged just above the driving hole of the hub. Each riser extends to the upper flange of the hub through the first feeding channel to form an effective feeding channel.

[0008] Slag collecting platform design: A slag collecting platform is designed above the upper flange of the hub;

[0009] Chill arrangement: A first chill is designed and arranged between adjacent risers.

[0010] In one embodiment, the lower driving hole of the hub is completely cast by the second subsidy, and the upper driving hole of the hub is cast by the third subsidy, so as to form and ensure that the vertical downward shrinkage feeding channel of the riser is unobstructed.

[0011] In one embodiment, a second chill is designed at the lower flange portion of the hub to provide zoned shrinkage compensation for each riser.

[0012] In one embodiment, the slag collecting platform is designed to include: a cutting step is designed between the slag collecting platform and the contour of the upper flange of the hub.

[0013] In one embodiment, a duckbill gate is designed at a thick portion of the lower flange wall of the hub.

[0014] In one embodiment, the thickness of the duckbill gate is 15-20 mm less than the wall thickness of the lower flange of the hub.

[0015] In one embodiment, the slag collecting platform is an annular structure and is arranged in an annular shape above the upper flange of the hub.

[0016] The technical solution adopted by the present invention can achieve the following beneficial effects:

[0017] In the casting method of the wheel hub disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention, the position, quantity and size of the riser, as well as the length and shape of the first compensation are reasonably determined according to the specific size and shape of the wheel hub. At the same time, according to the requirements of the casting process and the quality standards of the castings, the slag collecting table and the first chiller are designed and manufactured to ensure that they can be accurately installed in the mold and play the expected role. During the pouring process, by accurately controlling parameters such as the pouring temperature, pouring speed and pouring position, and coordinating the riser, slag collecting table and chiller arrangement scheme designed above, accurate control of the casting shrinkage compensation and slag collection process is achieved, thereby producing high-quality and high-performance wheel hub castings. Thereby solving the common problems of slag inclusion and micro-shrinkage porosity in the casting process of heavy mining wheels, through innovative casting process design, the casting quality of the wheel hub and the qualified rate of radiographic flaw detection are significantly improved, the production cost and scrap rate are reduced, and strong support is provided for the development of the heavy mining truck industry. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 and Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of a wheel hub disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 and Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of a wheel hub casting system disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Description of reference numerals:

[0021] 100-riser, 210-driving hole, 211-lower driving hole, 212-upper driving hole, 220-upper flange, 230-lower flange, 300-first subsidy, 400-slag collecting table, 500-first chill, 600-second subsidy, 700-second chill, 800-duckbill gate, 900-third subsidy. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] In order to facilitate the understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be described more fully below with reference to the relevant drawings. The preferred embodiments of the present invention are given in the drawings. However, the present invention can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. On the contrary, the purpose of providing these embodiments is to make the disclosure of the present invention more thoroughly understood.

[0023] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "disposed on" another element, it may be directly on the other element or there may be a centered element. When an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or there may be a centered element at the same time. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "bottom end", "top end" and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to be the only implementation method.

[0024] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art of the present invention. The terms used herein in the specification of the present invention are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. The term "and / or" used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more related listed items.

[0025] like Figure 1-Figure 4 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention discloses a method for casting a wheel hub, and the disclosed method for casting a wheel hub specifically includes:

[0026] Design of the riser 100: The riser 100 is designed and arranged just above the driving hole 210 of the wheel hub. These risers serve as channels for replenishing molten metal, which can ensure that the molten metal is replenished into the casting in time during the solidification process of the casting, and prevent shrinkage holes, shrinkage and other defects caused by insufficient shrinkage. Each riser 100 extends to the upper flange 220 of the wheel hub through the first supplement 300. This design not only extends the shrinkage channel, but also enhances the shrinkage effect, so that the shrinkage molten metal can be more evenly distributed inside the casting.

[0027] Design of slag collecting platform 400: A slag collecting platform 400 is designed above the upper flange 220 of the hub. As a slag collection area, the slag collecting platform can effectively block and capture the slag rising with the molten metal to prevent it from entering the casting. Such a design not only improves the cleanliness of the casting, but also reduces the workload and cost of subsequent processing.

[0028] Chill arrangement: A first chill 500 is designed and arranged between adjacent risers 100. As a material with high heat conduction efficiency, the chill can quickly absorb and conduct heat, so that the molten metal in contact with it can be quickly cooled and solidified. The chill is arranged between adjacent risers to form a local chilling effect on the riser feeding area, promote the directional flow and solidification sequence of the feeding molten metal, and further improve the feeding effect and quality of the casting.

[0029] As can be seen from the above content, in the casting method of the wheel hub disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention, the position, quantity and size of the riser 100, as well as the length and shape of the first compensation 300 are reasonably determined according to the specific size and shape of the wheel hub. At the same time, according to the requirements of the casting process and the quality standards of the castings, the slag collecting platform 400 and the first chiller 500 are designed and manufactured to ensure that they can be accurately installed in the mold and play the expected role. During the pouring process, by accurately controlling the parameters such as the pouring temperature, pouring speed and pouring position, and coordinating the riser, slag collecting platform and chiller arrangement scheme designed above, the precise control of the shrinkage compensation and slag collecting process of the casting is achieved, thereby producing high-quality and high-performance wheel hub castings. Thereby solving the common problems of slag inclusion and micro-shrinkage in the casting process of heavy mining wheels, through innovative casting process design, the casting quality and qualified rate of radiographic flaw detection of the wheel hub are significantly improved, the production cost and scrap rate are reduced, and strong support is provided for the development of the heavy mining truck industry.

[0030] In an optional embodiment, the lower drive hole 211 of the wheel hub is completely cast solid by the second subsidy 600, and the upper drive hole 212 of the wheel hub is cast dead by the third subsidy 900, so as to form and ensure that the vertical downward shrinkage feeding channel of the riser 100 is unobstructed. This design ensures that the vertical downward shrinkage feeding channel of the riser 100 is formed and remains unobstructed. In the casting process, the shrinkage feeding channel is the key path for the molten metal to supplement the defective area inside the casting. By casting the lower drive hole 211 solid and the upper drive hole 212 dead, these channels are effectively closed, so that the riser 100 can focus on providing molten metal to the parts of the casting that need shrinkage feeding, avoiding unnecessary flow and waste of molten metal.

[0031] Secondly, the design improves the shrinkage feeding efficiency and quality of the casting. Since the shrinkage feeding channel is unobstructed, the riser 100 can transport the molten metal to the defective area inside the casting more quickly and efficiently, thereby reducing the occurrence of shrinkage cavities, shrinkage porosity and other defects. At the same time, since the shrinkage feeding molten metal can be evenly distributed inside the casting, the density and mechanical properties of the casting are improved.

[0032] In an optional embodiment, a second chill 700 is designed at the lower flange 230 of the hub to form a zoned shrinkage compensation for each riser 100. First, the introduction of the second chill 700 greatly enhances the cooling capacity of the lower flange 230 area of ​​the hub. During the casting process, the rapid cooling of this area can prompt the molten metal in the riser 100 to flow faster to the area inside the casting that needs shrinkage compensation, thereby achieving more efficient shrinkage compensation. The realization of zoned shrinkage compensation makes the shrinkage compensation process more accurate and controllable, which helps to reduce defects such as shrinkage cavities and shrinkage porosity caused by insufficient shrinkage compensation.

[0033] Secondly, zoned shrinkage feeding also optimizes the solidification sequence of the casting. Through the chilling effect of the chill, the castings in different areas can solidify in a more reasonable order, thus avoiding problems such as stress concentration and deformation caused by improper solidification sequence. This helps to improve the overall performance and dimensional stability of the casting. In addition, the design also improves the cleanliness and surface quality of the casting. The use of chill helps to exclude impurities such as slag from the casting, reducing inclusions and surface defects inside the casting. This is of great significance to improving the service life and appearance quality of the casting.

[0034] In the embodiment of the present invention, the design of the slag collecting platform 400 includes: a cutting step is designed between the slag collecting platform 400 and the contour of the upper flange 220 of the wheel hub. Specifically, during the casting process, the slag in the molten metal tends to float to the slag collecting platform area as the molten metal flows due to the difference in density and fluidity. The design of the cutting step makes it easier for the slag to accumulate and settle at the step, effectively blocking the possibility of the slag further entering the interior of the casting, thereby improving the cleanliness and quality of the casting.

[0035] Furthermore, cutting steps can also help optimize the solidification process of the casting. In the early stage of solidification, the molten metal forms a faster cooling area at the step, which promotes the advancement of the solidification front and guides the solidification direction. By rationally designing the height and shape of the step, the solidification sequence and temperature gradient of the casting can be further controlled, and defects such as shrinkage cavities and shrinkage caused by improper solidification can be reduced. In addition, the design of the cutting step is also convenient for subsequent processing and treatment. After the casting solidifies, the cutting step serves as a clear dividing line, making the separation between the casting and the slag collection table easier and more precise. This not only simplifies the processing steps, but also reduces the risk of damage and deformation to the casting body during processing.

[0036] In an optional embodiment, a duckbill gate 800 may be designed at the thick wall portion of the lower flange 230 of the hub. In this case, designing a duckbill gate 800 at the thick wall portion of the lower flange 230 of the hub can optimize the flow of molten metal, enhance the shrinkage compensation effect, improve the density of the casting, adapt to complex structures, and improve production efficiency. This design is of great significance for improving the overall quality and production efficiency of the hub casting.

[0037] Furthermore, the thickness of the duckbill gate 800 can be 15-20 mm less than the wall thickness of the lower flange 230 of the wheel hub. In this case, by controlling the thickness of the duckbill gate 800 to be less than the wall thickness of the lower flange 230, the flow speed and direction of the molten metal can be more effectively controlled. A thinner gate can reduce the residence time of the molten metal at the gate, promote the molten metal to enter and fill the lower flange area faster, thereby avoiding defects caused by poor flow of the molten metal.

[0038] Furthermore, the hot spot is the area in the casting where the cooling speed is slow, and it is easy to become the source of defects such as shrinkage cavity and shrinkage porosity. Designing the duckbill gate 800 to be thinner can reduce the influence of the gate itself on the cooling speed of the molten metal, reduce the risk of forming a hot spot in the lower flange area, and thus reduce the occurrence of defects. At the same time, the thinner duckbill gate 800 helps the molten metal to penetrate faster and reach the area that needs to be fed during the feeding process. This improves the feeding efficiency, ensures the density and integrity of the internal structure of the casting, and reduces the quality problems caused by insufficient feeding.

[0039] Accordingly, during the solidification process of the casting, the thicker gate may become a stress concentration area, increasing the risk of cracking of the casting. The thinner duckbill gate 800 helps to disperse the stress, reduce the degree of stress concentration, and improve the crack resistance of the casting. The thinner duckbill gate 800 is easier to remove or trim after the casting solidifies, reducing the difficulty and cost of subsequent processing. This helps to improve production efficiency and economic benefits.

[0040] In an optional embodiment, the slag collecting platform 400 is an annular structural member and is arranged in an annular shape above the upper flange 220 of the hub. In this case, the annular slag collecting platform 400 can form an effective slag collecting area around the upper flange 220 of the hub. During the casting process, as the molten metal rises and flows, slag and other impurities will be guided to the slag collecting platform area and accumulate. Since the slag collecting platform is arranged in an annular shape, it can capture and block slag in all directions, ensuring that the slag does not enter the interior of the casting, thereby greatly improving the cleanliness and quality of the casting.

[0041] The above-mentioned embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present invention, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be pointed out that, for ordinary technicians in this field, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent of the present invention shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. A method for casting a wheel hub, characterized in that: include: Riser (100) design: Riser (100) is designed and arranged just above the driving hole (210) of the wheel hub, and each riser (100) extends to the upper flange (220) of the wheel hub through the first supplementary material (300), forming an effective supplementary material channel; Design of slag collecting platform (400): A slag collecting platform (400) is designed above the upper flange (220) of the hub; Chill arrangement: A first chill (500) is designed and arranged between adjacent risers (100).

2. The method for casting a wheel hub according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower drive hole (211) of the hub is completely cast solid using the second subsidy (600), and the upper drive hole (212) of the hub is cast solid using the third subsidy (900), so as to form and ensure that the vertical downward shrinkage compensation channel of the riser (100) is unobstructed.

3. The method for casting a wheel hub according to claim 1, characterized in that: A second chill (700) is designed at the lower flange (230) of the hub to form a zoned shrinkage compensation for each riser (100).

4. The method for casting a wheel hub according to claim 1, characterized in that: The design of the slag collecting platform (400) includes: a cutting step is designed between the slag collecting platform (400) and the contour of the upper flange (220) of the wheel hub.

5. The method for casting a wheel hub according to claim 1, characterized in that: A duckbill gate (800) is designed at the thick wall portion of the lower flange (230) of the hub.

6. The method for casting a wheel hub according to claim 5, characterized in that: The thickness of the duckbill gate (800) is 15-20 mm less than the wall thickness of the lower flange (230) of the hub.

7. The method for casting a wheel hub according to claim 1, characterized in that: The slag collecting platform (400) is an annular structural component and is arranged in an annular shape above the upper flange (220) of the wheel hub.

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