Wheel set bearing automatic press-fitting system and press-fitting method

Abstract

The invention discloses a wheel set bearing automatic press-fitting system and a press-fitting method, and belongs to the technical field of rail transit. According to the bearing press-fitting device, the problem that the press-fitting efficiency is low due to the fact that it is very strenuous to manually move the bearing mounting and press-fitting device and the wheel set to the required position is solved. The device comprises press-fitting systems, a wheel set moving system is arranged between the press-fitting systems, a bearing placement system is arranged around the press-fitting systems, a bearing turnover system and a bearing grabbing system are further arranged around the bearing placement system, and a wheel set recognition system is further arranged around the wheel set moving system. The wheel set recognition system, the press fitting system, the wheel set moving system, the bearing overturning system and the bearing grabbing system are all electrically connected with the control system. Parameters of the wheel set and parameters of the bearing can be automatically read, the bearing with proper parameters can be automatically selected according to the parameters of the wheel set, automatic steering of the bearing can be achieved, efficiency is improved, and meanwhile the precision of bearing press fitting is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of rail transportation, and in particular relates to an automatic press-fitting system and a press-fitting method for a wheelset bearing. Background Art

[0002] Wheelset is the part of the locomotive that contacts the rails. It consists of two wheels firmly pressed on the same axle. The function of the wheelset is to ensure the running and steering of the locomotive on the rails, bear all the static and dynamic loads from the locomotive, transfer them to the rails, and transfer the loads caused by the unevenness of the track to the various parts of the locomotive.

[0003] Wheelset bearing press-fitting refers to the process of press-fitting two bearings to both ends of a wheelset using press-fitting equipment. However, the wheelset and bearings are heavy, and it is very laborious to manually install the bearings with the press-fitting equipment and move the wheelset to the desired position, so the press-fitting efficiency is low. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the problem in the prior art that it is very laborious to manually install bearings and press-fit equipment and move the wheelset to the desired position, resulting in low press-fit efficiency, the present invention provides an automatic press-fit system and method for wheelset bearings.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A wheelset bearing automatic press-fitting system, comprising a press-fitting system, the press-fitting system comprising a symmetrically arranged left press-fitting mechanism and a right press-fitting mechanism, a wheelset moving system being arranged between the left press-fitting mechanism and the right press-fitting mechanism, a bearing placement system being arranged around the press-fitting system, a bearing flipping system and a bearing grabbing system being arranged around the bearing placement system, a wheelset identification system being arranged around the wheelset moving system, and the wheelset identification system, the press-fitting system, the wheelset moving system, the bearing flipping system and the bearing grabbing system being all electrically connected to a control system;

[0007] The wheelset moving system is used to move the wheelset to a position corresponding to the press-fitting system before press-fitting, and to move the wheelset to the outside of the wheelset bearing automatic press-fitting system after press-fitting;

[0008] The bearing placement system is used to place a plurality of bearings to be press-fitted;

[0009] The bearing flipping system is used to rotate the bearing 180 degrees so that the outer side of the bearing faces outwards;

[0010] The bearing grabbing system is used to identify the bearing, move the required bearing to the bearing flipping device for flipping, and move the flipped bearing to the press-fitting system;

[0011] The wheelset identification system is used to identify the wheelset;

[0012] The press-fitting system is used to press-fit the bearing onto the wheelset;

[0013] The control system is used to control the automatic operation of the entire system.

[0014] After adopting this technical solution, the present invention provides an automatic wheel set bearing press-fitting system, through which the parameters of the wheelset and the bearing can be automatically read, and bearings with suitable parameters can be automatically selected according to the parameters of the wheelset, and automatic movement of the wheelset and automatic installation of the bearing can be realized. The bearing flipping system can also realize automatic steering of the bearing so that the outer side of the bearing faces outward, thereby improving efficiency while ensuring the accuracy of bearing press-fitting.

[0015] Preferably, it further comprises a wheelset height adjustment system, the wheelset height adjustment system comprising a left lifting mechanism and a right lifting mechanism respectively arranged at the front side of the left pressing mechanism and the front side of the right pressing mechanism, the left lifting mechanism and the right lifting mechanism are symmetrical structures and have the same structure;

[0016] The left lifting mechanism comprises a left lifting platform, on which a left wheel pair lifting assembly and a left axle neck lifting assembly are arranged;

[0017] The left wheel pair lifting assembly comprises a first support member and a second support member arranged on the left lifting platform, the top surfaces of the first support member and the second support member are arranged inclined toward each other, and a left baffle is also arranged on the side of the left lifting platform close to the left pressing mechanism;

[0018] The left axle neck lifting assembly is located between the left wheelset lifting assembly and the left press-fitting mechanism, and the central axis of the left wheelset lifting assembly is parallel to the central axis of the left press-fitting mechanism. The left axle neck lifting assembly includes a left telescopic member arranged on the left lifting platform, a support plate is arranged on the left telescopic member, and a buffer pad is arranged in the middle of the support plate.

[0019] After adopting this technical solution, the inclined first support member and the second support member form an accommodating groove for accommodating the wheelset, ensuring that the wheelset will not move radially when the wheelset is lifted. The axial displacement of the wheelset can be limited by the cooperation of the left baffle plate and the right baffle plate, thereby ensuring the stability of the wheelset lifting. At the same time, a left axle neck lifting assembly and a right axle neck lifting assembly are also provided to lift the axle neck, thereby increasing the contact surface between the lifting mechanism and the wheelset, improving the lifting stability, and avoiding displacement of the wheelset during the lifting process and affecting the alignment of the axle neck and the press-fitting system.

[0020] Preferably, the left press-fitting mechanism comprises a press-fitting frame fixedly arranged on the ground, the press-fitting frame is fixedly connected with a hydraulic telescopic assembly, the hydraulic telescopic assembly comprises a three-stage hydraulic oil cylinder, the three-stage hydraulic oil cylinder comprises a positioning cylinder and a press-fitting cylinder sleeved on the positioning cylinder, the press-fitting cylinder is connected with a bearing rotating assembly for driving the bearing to rotate;

[0021] The bearing rotating assembly includes a movable bracket fixedly connected to the press-fitting cylinder, a mounting plate connected to the movable bracket which can move up and down, a driving wheel is provided on the side of the mounting plate close to the positioning cylinder, the driving wheel is connected to a driving motor, an elastic telescopic bracket is also connected to the mounting plate, an auxiliary side wheel is rotatably connected to the elastic telescopic bracket, a gear is fixedly connected to the auxiliary side wheel, a counting mechanism for recording the number of gear slots passing therethrough is provided at a position on the elastic telescopic bracket corresponding to the gear position, and the counting mechanism is electrically connected to a control system.

[0022] After adopting this technical solution, before installing the bearing, the mounting plate is moved up to make the driving wheel away from the positioning cylinder to facilitate the installation of the bearing; after installation, the mounting plate is moved down to make the driving wheel and the auxiliary side wheel contact the bearing, and the driving motor can drive the driving wheel to rotate, thereby driving the bearing to rotate on the positioning cylinder. Since an elastic telescopic bracket is provided, the auxiliary side wheel can be abutted against the bearing, and the rotation of the bearing can drive the auxiliary side wheel to rotate, and the rotation of the auxiliary side wheel drives the gear to rotate. The counting mechanism counts the number of gear slots passing through this location, and compares the statistical data with the motor driving frequency to evaluate the rotation effect of the bearing. If it does not rotate or the rotation effect is abnormal, it means that the bearing is stuck, and it should be checked before press-fitting to avoid damage to the wheel and bearing caused by forced press-fitting.

[0023] Preferably, the bearing grasping system comprises a gantry, a movable rail is arranged on the gantry, a movable platform is arranged on the movable rail, a mechanical gripper is arranged on the movable platform, a bearing QR code identifier is arranged at the palm of the mechanical gripper, and a bearing limiter is arranged in the middle of the palm of the mechanical gripper;

[0024] The bearing limiter comprises an electric telescopic rod connected to the mechanical gripper, a limit plate is arranged at the end of the electric telescopic rod, and the size of the limit plate is larger than the size of the bearing hole.

[0025] After adopting this technical solution, the mechanical gripper can move on the movable rail to enable the machine to move to the required position. When grabbing the bearing, the mechanical gripper can identify the QR code attached to the bearing through the bearing QR code reader. If it is suitable for the wheelset, it will be grabbed directly. If it is not suitable for the wheelset, it will move to the next bearing and identify it again until the needs of the wheelset are met. After the mechanical gripper grabs, the electric telescopic rod extends, so that the limit plate abuts against the bearing, thereby fixing the bearing to prevent the bearing from detaching from the mechanical gripper during the transfer process.

[0026] Preferably, it also includes a press-fitting space formed by a protective net, and the press-fitting system, wheelset moving system, bearing flipping system and bearing grabbing system are all arranged in the press-fitting space, and the protective net is provided with a wheelset entrance and a wheelset exit for the wheelset to pass through, and the protective net is also provided with a bearing conveying port, and the bearing placement system is arranged at the bearing conveying port, and the bearing placement system includes a conveying rail with one end arranged in the press-fitting space and the other end arranged outside the protective net, and a bearing placement plate is movably arranged on the conveying rail, and a plurality of bearing accommodating parts are arranged on the bearing placement plate, each bearing accommodating part includes a plurality of connecting rods connected to the bearing placement plate, and a connecting plate is connected to the connecting rod, and a plurality of L-shaped plates are arranged along the circumferential direction of the connecting plate, and the bearing placement system is electrically connected to the control system.

[0027] After adopting this technical solution, the entire system is set in the press-fitting space formed by the protective net to ensure the safety of automatic press-fitting. At the same time, the bearing placement system is set to be movable, and the bearing can be moved from the outside of the press-fitting space to the inside, further ensuring the safety of press-fitting. The L-shaped plate, connecting rod and connecting plate cooperate to ensure the stable transportation of the wheelset while leaving enough grabbing space for the bearing grabbing system to ensure the stable operation of the system.

[0028] Preferably, the conveyor rail is provided with a plurality of bearing type detection mechanisms for detecting the types of bearings on the bearing receiving members, and the bearing placement plate is provided with bearing QR code stickers at locations corresponding to the respective bearing receiving members.

[0029] After adopting this technical solution, the outer diameter of the bearing can be re-detected through the bearing type detection mechanism to identify whether the placed bearing is the required type of bearing. If it is not the bearing required by the wheelset, the bearing can be returned without starting the bearing grasping system for identification. The bearing QR code sticker can be used to locate the QR code on the bearing in a fixed position to facilitate identification by the bearing grasping system.

[0030] Preferably, the wheelset movement system includes a base, a sliding assembly is provided on the base, a pushing assembly is connected to the sliding assembly, the pushing assembly includes a mounting frame connected to the sliding assembly, a fork is provided on the mounting frame which can rotate unidirectionally toward the forward side of the wheelset, a reset mechanism is provided between the mounting frame and the fork for restoring the fork to a vertical state after unidirectional rotation toward the forward side, wheelset tracks cooperating with the wheelset are provided on both sides of the base, the wheelset identification system is provided at one end of the wheelset track, and an anti-reversal mechanism is provided at the other end of the wheelset track.

[0031] After adopting this technical solution, by setting a fork that can rotate unidirectionally toward the forward side of the wheelset, when in use, the wheelset passes through the fork, driving the fork to rotate, so that the wheelset passes through the fork smoothly, and then the sliding component is started to drive the pushing component to move forward, and the fork abuts against the wheelset. Since the fork cannot rotate backward, the sliding component can smoothly drive the wheelset forward when the fork moves, thereby realizing the automatic movement of the wheelset and improving the press-fitting efficiency. The QR code on the wheelset is identified by the wheelset identification system to read the parameters of the wheelset, and the wheelset that has completed press-fitting can be moved back to the press-fitting system through the anti-reversal mechanism to affect the subsequent press-fitting.

[0032] Preferably, the bearing flipping system includes a connecting seat, to which a bearing placement seat is rotatably connected, the bearing placement seat includes a bearing placement platform, the upper surface of the bearing placement platform is provided with a receiving groove for accommodating the bearing, part or all of the inner wall of the receiving groove is in contact with the arc surface of the bearing, and bearing limiters are provided around the bearing placement platform.

[0033] After adopting this technical solution, a rotatable bearing placement table is set up to place the bearing, and then the bearing is driven to rotate by rotating the bearing placement seat so that the side with the label faces outward, thereby realizing automatic steering of the bearing, effectively saving manpower and improving the efficiency of bearing press fitting.

[0034] A method for automatically pressing a wheelset bearing, characterized in that the method is performed by using the above-mentioned automatic press-fitting device for wheelset bearings, and comprises the following steps:

[0035] Step A: Parameters of the wheelset and the bearing are measured respectively, and the parameters are recorded, so that the wheelset parameters and the bearing parameters are formed into a bearing QR code sticker and a wheelset QR code sticker, the bearing QR code sticker is affixed to the outer end face of the bearing, and the wheelset QR code sticker is affixed to the end face of the wheelset journal;

[0036] Step B: placing several bearings with bearing QR code stickers in the bearing placement system, waiting for the bearing grabbing system to grab them;

[0037] Step C: The bearing grabbing system identifies the bearing on the bearing placing system;

[0038] If the bearing meets the press-fitting requirements of the wheelset, the bearing is grabbed onto the bearing turning system;

[0039] If the bearing does not meet the press-fitting requirements of the wheelset, it moves to the next bearing to identify the next bearing until the bearing meets the press-fitting requirements of the wheelset, and then grabs the bearing onto the bearing flipping system;

[0040] If all the bearings on the bearing placement system do not meet the press-fit requirements of the wheelset, an alarm is issued to notify the staff to replace the bearings. After the bearings are replaced, the above steps are repeated until the bearings meet the press-fit requirements of the wheelset;

[0041] Step D: The bearing flipping system flips the bearing so that the side of the bearing with the bearing QR code sticker faces outwards;

[0042] Step E: The bearing grabbing system grabs the flipped bearing again and installs the bearing on the press-fitting system;

[0043] Step F: The wheelset is moved to the wheelset moving system, and the wheelset moving system automatically moves the wheelset to the press-fitting system and then stops running;

[0044] Step G: The press-fitting system automatically presses the bearing onto the wheelset;

[0045] Step H: The wheelset moving system is started again to automatically move the wheelset to the outside of the wheelset bearing automatic press-fitting system.

[0046] Preferably, step F further comprises, after identifying the wheelset, adjusting the height of the wheelset according to the parameters of the wheelset so that the center line of the journal of the wheelset overlaps with the center line of the press-fitting system;

[0047] Step G also includes rotating the bearing during press-fitting, so that the bearing is press-fitted onto the wheelset while rotating.

[0048] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0049] 1. The present invention provides a wheelset bearing automatic press-fitting system and method, through which the parameters of the wheelset and the bearing can be automatically read, and bearings with suitable parameters can be automatically selected according to the parameters of the wheelset, and automatic movement of the wheelset and automatic installation of the bearing can be realized. The bearing flipping system can also realize automatic steering of the bearing so that the outer side of the bearing faces outward, thereby improving the efficiency and ensuring the accuracy of the bearing press-fitting.

[0050] 2. The present invention forms an accommodating groove for accommodating the wheelset by means of the inclined first support member and the second support member, thereby ensuring that the wheelset will not move radially when the wheelset is lifted. The axial displacement of the wheelset can be limited by the cooperation of the left baffle plate and the right baffle plate, thereby ensuring the stability of the wheelset lifting. Meanwhile, a left axle neck lifting assembly and a right axle neck lifting assembly are provided to lift the axle neck, thereby increasing the contact surface between the lifting mechanism and the wheelset, improving the lifting stability, and avoiding displacement of the wheelset during the lifting process to affect the alignment of the axle neck and the press-fitting system.

[0051] 3. The present invention provides a fork that can rotate unidirectionally toward the forward side of the wheelset. When in use, the wheelset passes through the fork, driving the fork to rotate, so that the wheelset passes through the fork smoothly. Then the sliding assembly is started to drive the pushing assembly to move forward. The fork abuts against the wheelset. Since the fork cannot rotate backward, the sliding assembly can smoothly drive the wheelset forward when the fork moves. This realizes the automatic movement of the wheelset and improves the press-fitting efficiency. The QR code on the wheelset is identified by the wheelset identification system to read the parameters of the wheelset. The wheelset that has completed press-fitting can be moved back to the press-fitting system through the anti-reversal mechanism to affect subsequent press-fitting.

[0052] 4. The present invention sets the entire system in the press-fitting space formed by the protective net to ensure the safety of automatic press-fitting. At the same time, the bearing placement system is set to be movable, and the bearing can be moved from the outside of the press-fitting space to the inside, further ensuring the safety of press-fitting. The L-shaped plate, connecting rod and connecting plate cooperate to ensure the stable transportation of the wheelset while leaving enough grabbing space for the bearing grabbing system to ensure the stable operation of the system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0053] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention at a first angle;

[0054] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A partial enlarged view of the middle A;

[0055] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A partial enlarged view of point B in the middle;

[0056] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention at a second angle;

[0057] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A partial enlarged view of point C in the middle;

[0058] Figure 6 for Figure 4 A partial enlarged view of point D in the middle;

[0059] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the wheelset mobile system;

[0060] Figure 8 for Figure 7 A partial enlarged view of point E in the middle;

[0061] Fig. 9 It is a structural schematic diagram of a propulsion component in a wheelset moving system;

[0062] Fig.10 for Fig. 9 A partial enlarged view of the F in the middle;

[0063] Fig.11 It is a structural schematic diagram of the bearing flipping system;

[0064] Among them, 1-wheel track, 201-machine cover, 202-shift fork, 203-slope guide surface, 204-bellows cover, 205-rotating support shaft, 206-U-shaped frame, 207-rotating baffle, 3-anti-reversal mechanism, 4-wheel pair, 501-mounting plate, 502-driving wheel, 503-auxiliary side wheel, 504-elastic telescopic bracket, 505-counting mechanism, 506-gear, 6-gantry, 7-moving rail, 801-mechanical gripper, 802-limiting plate, 901-transmission Feeding rail, 902-bearing placement plate, 903-connecting plate, 904-L-shaped plate, 905-connecting rod, 10-wheel set identification system, 1101-connecting seat, 1102-bottom plate, 1103-first bearing platform, 1104-flip baffle, 1105-arc groove, 1106-first groove, 1107-second bearing platform, 1108-inverted L-shaped support plate, 1201-first support member, 1202-left baffle, 1203-support plate, 13-bearing type detection mechanism. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0065] To make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all of the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application generally described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the application claimed for protection, but merely represents the selected embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments of the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without making creative work belong to the scope of protection of the present application.

[0066] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside", etc. indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or are the positions or positional relationships in which the inventive product is usually placed when in use. They are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are only used to distinguish the description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0067] Example 1

[0068] A wheelset bearing automatic press-fitting system includes a press-fitting system, the press-fitting system includes a symmetrically arranged left press-fitting mechanism and a right press-fitting mechanism, a wheelset moving system is arranged between the left press-fitting mechanism and the right press-fitting mechanism, a bearing placement system is arranged around the press-fitting system, a bearing flipping system and a bearing grabbing system are also arranged around the bearing placement system, a wheelset identification system 10 is also arranged around the wheelset moving system, and the wheelset identification system 10, the press-fitting system, the wheelset moving system, the bearing flipping system and the bearing grabbing system are all electrically connected to a control system;

[0069] The wheelset moving system is used to move the wheelset 4 to a position corresponding to the press-fitting system before press-fitting, and to move the wheelset 4 to the outside of the wheelset bearing automatic press-fitting system after press-fitting;

[0070] The bearing placement system is used to place a plurality of bearings to be press-fitted;

[0071] The bearing flipping system is used to rotate the bearing 180 degrees so that the outer side of the bearing faces outwards;

[0072] The bearing grabbing system is used to identify the bearing, move the required bearing to the bearing flipping device for flipping, and move the flipped bearing to the press-fitting system;

[0073] The wheelset identification system 10 is used to identify the wheelset 4;

[0074] The press-fitting system is used to press-fit the bearing onto the wheelset 4;

[0075] The control system is used to control the automatic operation of the entire system.

[0076] In this embodiment, Figure 1As shown, the left press-fitting mechanism includes a press-fitting frame fixedly set on the ground, and a hydraulic telescopic assembly is fixedly connected to the press-fitting frame, and the hydraulic telescopic assembly includes a three-stage hydraulic oil cylinder, and the three-stage hydraulic oil cylinder includes a positioning cylinder and a press-fitting cylinder sleeved on the positioning cylinder, and the press-fitting cylinder is connected to a bearing rotating assembly for driving the bearing to rotate; a rubber sleeve is sleeved on the positioning cylinder, and the rubber sleeve can reduce the collision between the bearing and the positioning cylinder to avoid bearing damage; a positioning cone is also provided in the middle of the end face of the positioning cylinder, and the positioning cone can make the axis of the positioning cylinder and the axis of the journal on the same horizontal line. In this embodiment, two infrared sensors are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the positioning cylinder, and the distance of the positioning cylinder is detected by the two infrared sensors. If the distance is detected to be smaller, it means that the bearing has been installed on the positioning cylinder, and the subsequent process will start.

[0077] like Figure 1-2 As shown, the bearing rotating assembly includes a movable bracket fixedly connected to the press-fitting cylinder, an electric slide rail is vertically arranged on the movable bracket, and a mounting plate 501 is connected to the sliding member of the electric slide rail. The control system can drive the mounting plate 501 to move up and down by controlling the movement of the sliding member of the electric slide rail (the specific moving distance is determined according to the parameter information obtained by reading the bearing QR code, so that the driving wheel 502 can fully contact with the bearing), and a driving wheel 502 is arranged on the side of the mounting plate 501 close to the positioning cylinder, and the driving wheel 502 is connected to a driving motor. The control system can drive the driving wheel 502 to rotate by starting the driving motor, and an elastic telescopic bracket 504 (such as Figure 2 As shown, it includes a first fixed frame connected to a mounting plate 501, a plurality of telescopic rods are connected to the first fixed frame, a spring is sleeved on the telescopic rod, the telescopic rod is connected to a second fixed frame, the two ends of the spring are respectively fixedly connected to the first fixed frame and the second fixed frame, the second fixed frame is provided with a rotating shaft connected rotatably, the auxiliary side wheel 503 and the gear 506 are fixedly sleeved on the rotating shaft), the auxiliary side wheel 503 is rotatably connected to the elastic telescopic bracket 504, the auxiliary side wheel 503 is fixedly connected to the gear 506, and a counting mechanism 505 (an infrared rangefinder, when the gear slot passes through the position, the infrared rangefinder detects a distance change, and then counts once, and counts again after the detected distance becomes smaller and larger, and repeats in this way) for recording the number of gear slots (slots between adjacent teeth on the gear 506) passing through the position corresponding to the position of the gear 506 is provided on the elastic telescopic bracket 504, and the counting mechanism 505 is electrically connected to the control system. The counting mechanism can be used to detect whether the bearing rotates smoothly with the driving wheel 502. If the rotation speed is lower than the rotation speed provided by the driving wheel 502 or there is no rotation at all, it means that the bearing is stuck and needs to be inspected and then pressed, thereby effectively avoiding damage to the wheelset 4 and the bearing.

[0078] In this embodiment, Figure 1 and 4 As shown, the bearing grasping system includes a gantry 6, a movable rail 7 is arranged on the gantry 6, a movable platform is arranged on the movable rail 7 (the movable platform can be reciprocated on the movable rail 7 under the control of the control system to move the mechanical gripper 801 to the desired position), a mechanical gripper 801 is arranged on the movable platform (the mechanical gripper 801 is a conventional three-claw mechanical gripper), a bearing QR code identifier is arranged at the palm of the mechanical gripper 801, and the bearing QR code identifier can be used to identify the QR code on the top of the bearing before grasping the bearing to read the parameters of the bearing, and a bearing limiter is arranged in the middle of the palm of the mechanical gripper 801;

[0079] like Figure 6 As shown, the bearing stopper includes an electric telescopic rod connected to the mechanical gripper 801, and a limit plate 802 is provided at the end of the electric telescopic rod. The size of the limit plate 802 is larger than the size of the bearing hole. The limit plate 802 can be abutted against the bearing by the extension of the electric telescopic rod to prevent the bearing from detaching from the mechanical gripper 801 during the movement.

[0080] In this embodiment, it also includes a press-fitting space formed by a protective net (the protective net is not shown in the figure), the press-fitting system, the wheelset moving system, the bearing flipping system and the bearing grabbing system are all arranged in the press-fitting space, the protective net is provided with a wheelset entrance and a wheelset exit for the wheelset 4 to pass through, the protective net is also provided with a bearing conveying port, the bearing placement system is arranged at the bearing conveying port, and the bearing placement system includes a conveying rail 901 with one end arranged in the press-fitting space and the other end arranged outside the protective net, and a bearing placement plate 902 is movably arranged on the conveying rail 901 (the conveying rail 901 is an electric slide rail, and the sliding part of the electric slide rail is connected to the bearing placement plate 902). The bearing placement plate 902 is connected, and the control system can control the sliding part of the electric slide rail to move back and forth, thereby driving the bearing placement plate 902 to move back and forth). Four bearing accommodating parts are arranged on the bearing placement plate 902, and each bearing accommodating part includes four connecting rods 905 connected to the bearing placement plate 902. The connecting rods 905 are connected to a connecting plate 903, and the size of the connecting plate 903 is smaller than the gear of the bearing. Three L-shaped plates 904 are arranged along the annular direction on the connecting plate 903. The mechanical gripper 801 can grab the bottom of the bearing from the gap between two adjacent L-shaped plates 904 to ensure that the bearing can be grabbed smoothly. The bearing placement system is electrically connected to the control system.

[0081] In this embodiment, Figure 5As shown, the conveying rail 901 is provided with several bearing type detection mechanisms 13 for detecting the type of bearings on the bearing receiving member, and the bearing placement plate 902 is provided with bearing QR code stickers at positions corresponding to each bearing receiving member. The bearing type detection mechanism 13 is an infrared rangefinder. In this embodiment, there are 4 bearing receiving members, so there are four infrared rangefinders, 4 on each side, and the position of the infrared rangefinder is aligned with the gap between two adjacent L-shaped plates 904. Every two infrared rangefinders detect the outer diameter of a bearing to determine whether it is a split bearing or an integral bearing. If the type is correct, the mechanical gripper 801 grabs it, and if the type is incorrect, it directly returns to the outside of the press-fitting space; the bearing QR code sticker is a red paint coating provided on the bearing placement plate 902. When placing the bearing, align the QR code sticker with the red paint coating, and then the bearing QR code identifier can directly read the bearing QR code when the mechanical gripper 801 grabs it.

[0082] In this embodiment, Figure 7-10 As shown, the wheelset moving system includes a base, a sliding component is arranged on the base, a pushing component is connected to the sliding component, the pushing component includes a mounting frame connected to the sliding component, the mounting frame is provided with a fork 202 which can rotate unidirectionally toward the forward side of the wheelset 4, a reset mechanism is arranged between the mounting frame and the fork 202 for restoring the fork to a vertical state after the unidirectional rotation toward the forward side, wheelset tracks 1 cooperating with the wheelset are arranged on both sides of the base, the wheelset identification system 10 is arranged at one end of the wheelset track 1, the wheelset identification system 10 is a wheelset QR code reader, and the wheelset QR code attached to the end face of the wheelset axle neck can be read by the wheelset QR code reader to read the parameters of the wheelset 4, thereby selecting the bearings with corresponding parameters according to the parameters of the wheelset 4; an anti-reversal mechanism 3 is arranged at the other end of the wheelset track 1. The anti-reversal mechanism 3 includes two limit brackets respectively arranged on both sides of the wheel set track 1, a stopper rod rotatably connected to the limit bracket, and a stopper plate is arranged on the side of the limit bracket close to the press-fitting space, and the stopper plate can limit the stopper rod from rotating toward the side close to the press-fitting space, so that the wheelset 4 passing through the anti-reversal mechanism 3 cannot move back to the press-fitting space. Since the speed of the wheelset moving system is known, and the distance from the wheelset moving system to the positioning cylinder is also known, the axis of the axle journal of the wheelset 4 and the axis of the positioning cylinder are located on the same horizontal plane after a certain period of movement, and stopping at this time can ensure that the position of the wheelset 4 is correct; in other embodiments, a sensor can be set to detect whether the axis of the axle journal of the wheelset 4 and the axis of the positioning cylinder are located on the same horizontal plane.

[0083] The mounting frame includes a U-shaped frame 206 connected to the sliding assembly, and a rotating baffle 207 is provided on one side of the U-shaped frame 206 away from the forward side of the wheelset 4 and perpendicular to the bottom plate of the U-shaped frame 206. A rotating support shaft 205 is provided on the U-shaped frame 206, and the shift fork 202 is rotatably connected to the rotating support shaft 205. The shift fork 202 can be rotated within a range of 90 degrees by the cooperation of the rotating baffle 207 and the U-shaped frame 206, so that the wheelset 4 can smoothly reach the forward position of the shift fork 202.

[0084] In this embodiment, the reset mechanism includes a torsion spring disposed between the shift fork 202 and the rotation support shaft 205. The torsion spring is used to realize automatic reset of the shift fork 202 after rotation.

[0085] In this embodiment, the end of the shift fork 202 is located at a side away from the forward side of the wheelset 4 and is provided with a sloped guide surface 203. The sloped guide surface is in contact with the wheelset 4, so that the wheelset 4 can push the shift fork 202 to rotate smoothly.

[0086] In this embodiment, buffer pads are provided on both sides of the shift fork 202. The buffer pads are made of rubber or silicone material, and the buffer pads are in direct contact with the wheelset to reduce the collision with the wheelset 4 and avoid damage to the wheelset 4.

[0087] In this embodiment, the sliding assembly includes an electric slide rail arranged on a base, and a sliding block of the electric slide rail is connected to the pushing assembly. The electric slide rail can drive the pushing assembly to move linearly.

[0088] In this embodiment, the base is arranged in the hood 201, the top of the hood 201 is open, and the fork 202 extends out from the top opening of the hood 1. The hood 201 can be made of stainless steel, and the hood 1 is arranged on the base. The sliding component and the pushing component other than the fork 202 are protected in the hood 201 by the hood 201, which can prevent other equipment from damaging the internal structure of the wheelset moving device, and can also reduce the entry of dust and reduce the failure rate.

[0089] The mounting frame is arranged on the side of the sliding assembly close to the forward direction of the wheelset 4, and the side of the mounting frame away from the forward direction of the wheelset 4 is connected with an accordion cover 204, the other end of the accordion cover 204 is fixedly connected to the hood 201, and the two sides of the accordion cover 204 are slidably connected to the hood 201. The sliding assembly and the pushing assembly body are arranged on the rear side of the fork 202, and the accordion cover 204 is arranged on the rear side of the fork 202, and the sliding assembly and the pushing assembly are shielded by the accordion cover 204, so as to further reduce the probability of impurities contaminating the equipment.

[0090] In this embodiment, Fig.11As shown, the bearing flip system includes a connecting seat 1101, on which a bearing placement seat can be rotatably connected, and the bearing placement seat includes a bearing placement platform, and the upper surface of the bearing placement platform is provided with a receiving groove for accommodating the bearing, and part or all of the inner wall of the receiving groove is in contact with the arc surface of the bearing, and a bearing stopper is arranged around the bearing placement platform. In this embodiment, the bearing stopper includes a bottom plate 1102 rotatably connected to the connecting seat 1101, and the bearing placement platform is arranged on the bottom plate 1102, and the bearing stopper includes two flip baffles 1104 arranged on the bottom plate 1102 and located on both sides of the extending direction of the receiving groove. The bearing is placed in the receiving groove, and the flip baffles 1104 are arranged on both sides of the receiving groove, so as to limit the axial displacement and radial displacement of the bearing during the rotation process, and prevent the bearing from escaping from the receiving groove. In this embodiment, an arc groove 1105 is arranged at the top of the flip baffle 1104 corresponding to the bearing hole, and the shape of the arc groove 1105 matches the shape of the bearing hole. If the height of the flip baffle 1104 is too high, it will affect the grasping and placement of the mechanical gripper 801. If the height of the flip baffle 1104 is too low, the bearing may be separated from the bearing placement platform during the rotation process. Therefore, the end of the flip baffle 1104 can be slightly beyond the bearing hole. The bearing hole is leaked by setting the arc groove 1105, which is convenient for the bearing limiter on the mechanical gripper 801 to contact the bearing. In this embodiment, the bearing placement platform is composed of a first bearing platform 1103 and a first bearing platform 1107. The first bearing platform 1103 and the first bearing platform 1107 are respectively provided with a first groove 1106 and a second groove. The first groove 1106 and the second groove constitute the receiving groove. In this embodiment, the first bearing platform 1103 is formed by two right-angled triangular prisms and a rectangular block connecting the two right-angled triangular prisms. In this embodiment, the bearing placement platform is a rubber platform, which is made of hard rubber and has a certain flexibility to avoid collisions during the placement of the bearing. In this embodiment, the receiving groove is an axisymmetric structure. When bearings of different outer diameters are placed in the receiving groove, they can automatically slide to the middle to avoid bearing deviation, so that the mechanical gripper can smoothly grab the bearing. In this embodiment, a driving motor is arranged in the connecting seat 1101, and the output shaft of the driving motor is fixedly connected to the base plate 1102. The base plate 1102 is driven to rotate by the driving motor. In this embodiment, the angle of each rotation is 180 degrees. The rotation mode is horizontal rotation. Inverted L-shaped support plates 1108 are arranged on both sides of the middle of the base plate. The two inverted L-shaped support plates 1108 are symmetrically arranged, and the inverted L-shaped support plates 1108 are located between the first bearing platform 1103 and the second bearing platform 1107.

[0091] In this embodiment, the first bearing platform 1103 and the second bearing platform 1107 are connected to the two flip baffles 1104 respectively, and the first bearing platform 1103 and the second bearing platform 1107 are both movably connected to the bottom plate 1102. In this embodiment, the bottom plate 1102 is provided with a plurality of first bolt hole groups and a plurality of second bolt hole groups, the first bearing platform 1103 is bolted to any of the first bolt hole groups, and the second bearing platform 1107 is bolted to any of the second bolt hole groups. The movable connection is achieved by bolt connection. By setting the first bearing platform 1103 and the second bearing platform 1107 to be movably connected to the bottom plate 1102, the first bearing platform 1103 and the second bearing platform 1107 can be moved outward or inward by the same distance, so as to ensure that the center of gravity of the bearing placement seat will not be offset and the stability of the rotation is ensured. An inverted L-shaped support plate 1108 is provided on both sides of the middle of the bottom plate, and the two inverted L-shaped support plates 1108 are symmetrically arranged, and the inverted L-shaped support plate 1108 is located between the first bearing platform 1103 and the second bearing platform 1107. The inverted L-shaped support plate cooperates with the first bearing platform and the second bearing platform to provide a more stable support force for the bearing.

[0092] The drive motor is electrically connected to a controller, and the controller is electrically connected to an infrared sensor arranged in the receiving groove. The infrared sensor can detect whether a bearing is placed in the receiving groove. When a bearing is detected, the drive motor can be started by the controller to drive the bearing placement seat to rotate.

[0093] In this embodiment, an alarm system electrically connected to the control system is also included. When a failure occurs during system operation, the alarm system can sound an alarm to remind staff to handle it in a timely manner.

[0094] Example 2

[0095] This embodiment is basically the same as embodiment 1, except that: Figure 3 As shown, it also includes a wheelset height adjustment system, the wheelset height adjustment system includes a left lifting mechanism and a right lifting mechanism respectively arranged at the front side of the left pressing mechanism and the front side of the right pressing mechanism, the left lifting mechanism and the right lifting mechanism are symmetrical structures and have the same structure;

[0096] The left lifting mechanism comprises a left lifting platform, on which a left wheel pair lifting assembly and a left axle neck lifting assembly are arranged;

[0097] The left wheel pair lifting assembly includes a first support member 1201 and a second support member arranged on the left lifting platform, the top surfaces of the first support member 1201 and the second support member are arranged inclined toward each other, and a left baffle plate 1202 is also arranged on the side of the left lifting platform close to the left pressing mechanism;

[0098] In this embodiment, the left wheelset lifting assembly and the right wheelset lifting assembly are respectively arranged on the wheelset tracks 1 on both sides, and the first support member 1201 and the second support member are flush with the wheelset track 1 on the higher side, and the inclination angle of the first support member 1201 and the second support member is 5-30 degrees based on the plane where the wheelset track 1 is located, and is 15 degrees in this embodiment. The inclination angle of the first support member 1201 and the second support member should be appropriate. If it is too large, it is easy to cause the wheelset 4 to be unable to continue to move under the traction of the wheelset moving device after press-fitting.

[0099] The left journal lifting assembly is located between the left wheelset lifting assembly and the left press-fitting mechanism, and the central axis of the left wheelset lifting assembly is parallel to the central axis of the left press-fitting mechanism. The left journal lifting assembly includes a left telescopic member arranged on the left lifting platform, and a support plate 1203 is arranged on the left telescopic member, and a buffer pad is arranged in the middle of the support plate 1203. The first support member 1201 and the second support member arranged obliquely form a receiving groove for accommodating the wheelset 4, ensuring that the wheelset 4 will not move radially when the wheelset 4 is lifted. The axial displacement of the wheelset 4 can be limited by the cooperation of the left baffle plate 1202 and the right baffle plate, ensuring the stability of the lifting of the wheelset 4. At the same time, the left journal lifting assembly and the right journal lifting assembly are also arranged to lift the journal, increase the contact surface between the lifting mechanism and the wheelset 4, improve the lifting stability, and avoid displacement of the wheelset 4 during the lifting process to affect the alignment of the journal and the press-fitting system.

[0100] Example 3

[0101] A method for automatically pressing a wheelset bearing is provided, wherein the method is performed using the automatic wheelset bearing pressing device described in Example 2, and comprises the following steps:

[0102] Step A: Parameters of the wheelset 4 and the bearing are measured respectively, and the parameters are recorded, so that the parameters of the wheelset 4 and the bearing are formed into a bearing QR code sticker and a wheelset QR code sticker, the bearing QR code sticker is attached to the outer end face of the bearing, and the wheelset QR code sticker is attached to the end face of the journal of the wheelset 4;

[0103] Step B: Place four bearings with bearing QR code stickers in four bearing containers respectively, then start the conveyor rail 901 to convey the bearings into the press-fitting space formed by the protective net, close to the bearing flipping system; use the bearing type detection mechanism 13 to detect whether each bearing placed in the bearing container is a bearing of the required type. If at least one is, proceed to the subsequent process. If all are not, start the conveyor rail 901 again, return the bearing to the outside of the press-fitting space, and start the alarm system to remind the operator to replace the bearing;.

[0104] Step C: The mechanical gripper 801 moves on the moving rail 7 and reaches above the bearing. The mechanical gripper 801 opens, allowing the bearing QR code reader to recognize the QR code attached to the top of the bearing and read its parameters.

[0105] If the bearing meets the press-fitting requirements of the wheelset 4, the bearing is grabbed, and after grabbing, the electric telescopic rod is extended and retracted to make the limit plate 802 abut against the bearing, and then the mechanical gripper 801 is moved to grab the bearing onto the bearing flipping system;

[0106] If the bearing does not meet the press-fitting requirement of the wheelset 4, move to the next bearing to identify the next bearing, until the bearing meets the press-fitting requirement of the wheelset 4, then grab the bearing onto the bearing flipping system;

[0107] If all the bearings on the bearing placement system do not meet the press-fit requirements of the wheelset, an alarm is issued to notify the staff to replace the bearings. After the bearings are replaced, the above steps are repeated until the bearings meet the press-fit requirements of the wheelset 4;

[0108] Step D: The bearing is limited in the bearing seat by the receiving groove and the flip baffles 4 on both sides of the receiving groove, and then the driving motor is started to drive the bearing seat to rotate, so that the bearing can be automatically rotated 180 degrees so that the side with the label faces outward;

[0109] Step E: The mechanical gripper 801 re-grasps the flipped bearing and installs the bearing on the positioning cylinder;

[0110] Step F: At the same time, the wheelset 4 is moved to the wheelset moving system, so that the wheelset 4 contacts the fork 202, and the wheelset 4 is continuously pushed to rotate the fork 202. When the fork 202 passes smoothly, the fork 202 returns to its original position under the action of the torsion spring and remains in an upright state. Then, the electric slide rail is started to drive the fork 202 to move forward. Since the rotating baffle 207 limits the rotation of the fork 202 to the rear side, the fork 202 can smoothly push the wheelset 4 to the desired position. Since the speed of the wheelset moving system is known, the wheelset 4 The distance from the moving system to the positioning cylinder is also known, so after a certain period of movement, the axis of the journal of the wheelset 4 and the axis of the positioning cylinder are located on the same horizontal plane, and stopping at this time can ensure that the position of the wheelset 4 is facing the positioning cylinder; according to the parameters of the wheelset 4, the left journal lifting assembly and the right journal lifting assembly are started, so that the left journal lifting assembly and the right journal lifting assembly are respectively in contact with the journals on both sides, and then according to the size of the wheelset 4, the left lifting platform and the right lifting platform are started and moved to a specific distance, so that the center line of the journal of the wheelset 4 overlaps with the center line of the positioning cylinder;

[0111] Step G: During press-fitting, the positioning cylinder is extended and retracted forward so that the positioning cone at the end of the positioning cylinder contacts the center of the journal, and then the left journal lifting assembly and the right journal lifting assembly are retracted to avoid affecting the press-fitting of the bearing, and then the electric slide rail is started to drive the driving wheel 502 to move downward, so that the driving wheel 502 and the auxiliary side wheel 503 contact the bearing, and then the driving motor is started to drive the driving wheel 502 to rotate, and the number of teeth of the gear 506 is calculated by the counting mechanism to determine whether the rotation is normal. If the rotation is normal, the press-fitting cylinder is started. Since the bearing rotating assembly is connected to the press-fitting cylinder, it can move forward with the bearing during press-fitting, so that the bearing rotates while being press-fitted, so as to ensure the press-fitting effect. If the rotation is abnormal, the operation is stopped and an alarm is issued to remind the operator to deal with it in time;

[0112] Step H: After the press fitting is completed, the wheelset movement system is started again to automatically move the wheelset to the outside of the wheelset bearing automatic press fitting system. Since the stop plate can limit the stop rod from rotating toward the side close to the press fitting space, the wheelset 4 passing through the anti-reversal mechanism 3 cannot move back into the press fitting space.

[0113] The above-mentioned embodiments only express the specific implementation methods of the present application, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be understood as limiting the protection scope of the present application. It should be pointed out that, for ordinary technicians in this field, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the technical solution concept of the present application, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An automatic press-fit system for wheelset bearings, characterized in that: The press-fitting system comprises a left press-fitting mechanism and a right press-fitting mechanism which are symmetrically arranged, a wheelset moving system is arranged between the left press-fitting mechanism and the right press-fitting mechanism, a bearing placement system is arranged around the press-fitting system, a bearing flipping system and a bearing grabbing system are also arranged around the bearing placement system, a wheelset identification system (10) is also arranged around the wheelset moving system, and the wheelset identification system (10), the press-fitting system, the wheelset moving system, the bearing flipping system and the bearing grabbing system are all electrically connected to a control system; The wheelset moving system is used to move the wheelset (4) to a position corresponding to the press-fitting system before press-fitting, and to move the wheelset (4) to the outside of the wheelset bearing automatic press-fitting system after press-fitting; The bearing placement system is used to place a plurality of bearings to be press-fitted; The bearing flipping system is used to rotate the bearing 180 degrees so that the outer side of the bearing faces outwards; The bearing grabbing system is used to identify the bearing, move the required bearing to the bearing flipping device for flipping, and move the flipped bearing to the press-fitting system; The wheelset identification system (10) is used to identify the wheelset (4); The press-fitting system is used to press-fit the bearing onto the wheelset (4); The control system is used to control the automatic operation of the entire system.

2. The automatic press-fit system for wheelset bearings according to claim 1 is characterized in that: It also includes a wheelset height adjustment system, the wheelset height adjustment system includes a left lifting mechanism and a right lifting mechanism respectively arranged at the front side of the left pressing mechanism and the front side of the right pressing mechanism, the left lifting mechanism and the right lifting mechanism are symmetrical structures and have the same structure; The left lifting mechanism comprises a left lifting platform, on which a left wheel pair lifting assembly and a left axle neck lifting assembly are arranged; The left wheel pair lifting assembly comprises a first support member (1201) and a second support member arranged on the left lifting platform, the top surfaces of the first support member (1201) and the second support member are arranged inclined toward each other, and a left baffle plate (1202) is also arranged on the side of the left lifting platform close to the left pressing mechanism; The left axle neck lifting assembly is located between the left wheelset lifting assembly and the left press-fitting mechanism, and the central axis of the left wheelset lifting assembly is parallel to the central axis of the left press-fitting mechanism. The left axle neck lifting assembly includes a left telescopic member arranged on the left lifting platform, a support plate (1203) is arranged on the left telescopic member, and a buffer pad is arranged in the middle of the support plate (1203).

3. The automatic press-fitting system for wheelset bearings according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The left press-fitting mechanism comprises a press-fitting frame fixedly arranged on the ground, the press-fitting frame is fixedly connected with a hydraulic telescopic assembly, the hydraulic telescopic assembly comprises a three-stage hydraulic oil cylinder, the three-stage hydraulic oil cylinder comprises a positioning cylinder and a press-fitting cylinder sleeved on the positioning cylinder, the press-fitting cylinder is connected with a bearing rotating assembly for driving the bearing to rotate; The bearing rotating assembly comprises a movable bracket fixedly connected to the press-fitting cylinder, a mounting plate (501) being connected to the movable bracket so as to be movable up and down, a driving wheel (502) being arranged on the side of the mounting plate (501) close to the positioning cylinder, the driving wheel (502) being connected to a driving motor, an elastic telescopic bracket (504) being also connected to the mounting plate (501), an auxiliary side wheel (503) being rotatably connected to the elastic telescopic bracket (504), a gear (506) being fixedly connected to the auxiliary side wheel (503), a counting mechanism (505) for recording the number of gear (506) slots passing through the position of the gear (506) being arranged on the elastic telescopic bracket (504) at a position corresponding to the position of the gear (506), and the counting mechanism (505) being electrically connected to a control system.

4. The automatic press-fitting system for wheelset bearings according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The bearing grasping system comprises a gantry (6), a movable rail (7) is arranged on the gantry (6), a movable platform is arranged on the movable rail (7), a mechanical gripper (801) is arranged on the movable platform, a bearing two-dimensional code identifier is arranged at the palm of the mechanical gripper (801), and a bearing limiter is arranged in the middle of the palm of the mechanical gripper (801); The bearing limiter comprises an electric telescopic rod connected to the mechanical gripper (801), a limit plate (802) being provided at the end of the electric telescopic rod, and the size of the limit plate (802) being larger than the size of the bearing hole.

5. The automatic press-fitting system for wheelset bearings according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The press-fitting system further comprises a press-fitting space formed by a protective net, wherein the press-fitting system, the wheelset moving system, the bearing flipping system and the bearing grabbing system are all arranged in the press-fitting space, the protective net is provided with a wheelset entrance and a wheelset exit for the wheelset (4) to pass through, the protective net is also provided with a bearing conveying port, the bearing placement system is arranged at the bearing conveying port, and the bearing placement system comprises a conveying rail (901) having one end arranged in the press-fitting space and the other end arranged outside the protective net, the conveying rail (901) being movably provided with a bearing placement plate (902), the bearing placement plate (902) being provided with a plurality of bearing accommodating parts, each bearing accommodating part comprising a plurality of connecting rods (905) connected to the bearing placement plate (902), the connecting rod (905) being connected with a connecting plate (903), the connecting plate (903) being provided with a plurality of L-shaped plates (904) along a circumferential direction, and the bearing placement system is electrically connected to a control system.

6. The automatic press-fitting system for wheelset bearings according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The conveying rail (901) is provided with a plurality of bearing type detection mechanisms (13) for detecting the types of bearings on the bearing receiving parts, and the bearing placement plate (902) is provided with bearing QR code pasting labels at locations corresponding to the respective bearing receiving parts.

7. The automatic press-fitting system for wheelset bearings according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The wheelset moving system comprises a base, a sliding assembly is arranged on the base, a pushing assembly is connected to the sliding assembly, the pushing assembly comprises a mounting frame connected to the sliding assembly, a shift fork (202) is arranged on the mounting frame and can rotate unidirectionally toward the forward side of the wheelset (4), a reset mechanism is arranged between the mounting frame and the shift fork (202) for restoring the shift fork (202) to a vertical state after rotating unidirectionally toward the forward side, wheelset tracks (1) cooperating with the wheelset (4) are arranged on both sides of the base, the wheelset identification system (10) is arranged at one end of the wheelset track (1), and an anti-reversal mechanism (3) is arranged at the other end of the wheelset track (1).

8. The automatic press-fitting system for wheelset bearings according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The bearing flipping system comprises a connecting seat (1101), to which a bearing placement seat is rotatably connected, and the bearing placement seat comprises a bearing placement platform, the upper surface of the bearing placement platform is provided with a receiving groove for accommodating the bearing, part or all of the inner wall of the receiving groove is in contact with the arc surface of the bearing, and a bearing limiter is provided around the bearing placement platform.

9. A method for automatically pressing a wheelset bearing, characterized in that: The automatic press-fitting method for wheelset bearings is performed using the automatic press-fitting device for wheelset bearings according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising the following steps: Step A: measuring parameters of the wheelset (4) and the bearing respectively, and recording the parameters, so that the parameters of the wheelset (4) and the bearing are formed into a bearing QR code sticker and a wheelset QR code sticker, the bearing QR code sticker is attached to the outer end face of the bearing, and the wheelset QR code sticker is attached to the end face of the journal of the wheelset (4); Step B: placing several bearings with bearing QR code stickers in the bearing placement system, waiting for the bearing grabbing system to grab them; Step C: The bearing grabbing system identifies the bearing on the bearing placing system; If the bearing meets the press-fitting requirements of the wheelset (4), the bearing is grabbed onto the bearing turning system; If the bearing does not meet the press-fitting requirements of the wheelset (4), move to the next bearing to identify the next bearing, until the bearing meets the press-fitting requirements of the wheelset (4), then grab the bearing onto the bearing flipping system; If all the bearings on the bearing placement system do not meet the press-fit requirements of the wheelset (4), an alarm is issued to notify the staff to replace the bearings. After the bearings are replaced, the above steps are repeated until the bearings meet the press-fit requirements of the wheelset (4); Step D: The bearing flipping system flips the bearing so that the side of the bearing with the bearing QR code sticker faces outwards; Step E: The bearing grabbing system grabs the flipped bearing again and installs the bearing on the press-fitting system; Step F: The wheelset (4) is moved to the wheelset moving system, and the wheelset moving system automatically moves the wheelset (4) to the press-fitting system and then stops running; Step G: The press-fitting system automatically presses the bearing onto the wheelset (4); Step H: The wheelset moving system is started again to automatically move the wheelset (4) to the outside of the wheelset bearing automatic press-fitting system.

10. The method for automatically pressing wheelset bearings according to claim 9, characterized in that: Step F also includes, after identifying the wheelset (4), adjusting the height of the wheelset (4) according to the parameters of the wheelset (4) so ​​that the center line of the journal of the wheelset (4) overlaps with the center line of the press-fitting system; Step G also includes rotating the bearing during press-fitting, so that the bearing is press-fitted onto the wheelset (4) while rotating.

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