Detection tool and detection method for detecting hole position degree of workpiece

Abstract

The present invention relates to a gauge for detecting the hole location of a workpiece, where the workpiece (100) comprises at least a first circular hole (B), a second circular hole (C) and a third circular hole (D), the gauge (1) comprising: a substrate (2); three positioning pieces (3); the limiting mechanism (4) is fixed on the base plate (2); the first positioning and detecting mechanism is used for detecting the position degrees of the first circular hole and the third circular hole; and the second positioning and detecting mechanism is used for detecting the position degrees of the second circular hole and the third circular hole. The invention also relates to a method for detecting the hole position degree of the workpiece by using the detection tool.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of detection tools, and in particular to a detection tool for hole position accuracy of a workpiece, and a method for detecting the hole position accuracy of the workpiece by using the detection tool. Background Art

[0002] In the field of mechanical workpieces, especially in the field of vehicle workpieces, multiple holes are often set on the same workpiece, such as installation holes or process holes, which generally require high precision and may have high requirements for the relative position between holes. Whether the hole position is correct will affect the performance of the workpiece and the qualified rate of the assembled product. Therefore, it is usually necessary to detect the position of the holes on the workpiece before assembly to improve production efficiency and reduce production costs.

[0003] There is currently a need for such a gauge and a detection method, which are easy to operate and can achieve rapid and reliable detection of the position of a hole in a workpiece. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a checking fixture which can realize rapid detection of hole positions of a workpiece having at least three holes through two sets of positioning and detecting mechanisms.

[0005] To this end, the present invention provides a gauge for detecting the position of a hole in a workpiece, wherein the workpiece includes at least a first circular hole, a second circular hole and a third circular hole, and the gauge includes: a substrate; three positioning members, the three positioning members are fixed to the substrate and used to receive the workpiece, and the three positioning members are configured so that their positions correspond to the theoretical positions of the first circular hole, the second circular hole and the third circular hole in the workpiece, respectively; a limiting mechanism fixed to the substrate; a first positioning and detection mechanism, wherein the first positioning and detection mechanism includes a first positioning component and a first detection component, and the workpiece can be aligned with the first positioning component through the first positioning component. The three positioning members cooperate to fully position the workpiece, the limiting mechanism is used to releasably fix the workpiece in the fully positioned state to the substrate, and the first detection component is used to detect the position of the first circular hole and the third circular hole; and a second positioning and detection mechanism, wherein the second positioning and detection mechanism includes a second positioning component and a second detection component, the workpiece can be fully positioned through the cooperation of the second positioning component and the three positioning members, the limiting mechanism is used to releasably fix the workpiece in the fully positioned state to the substrate again, and the second detection component is used to detect the position of at least the second circular hole and the third circular hole.

[0006] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, each positioning member has a mounting portion suitable for being fixed to a substrate and a supporting portion extending upwardly perpendicular to the mounting portion, the supporting portion defining a top supporting surface and a receiving hole extending from the top supporting surface along the longitudinal direction of the supporting portion toward the mounting portion, wherein the cross-section of the receiving hole is non-circular, such as a circular segment shape.

[0007] In one embodiment of the present invention, the first positioning assembly includes a conical positioning pin for the second circular hole and a diamond positioning pin for the third circular hole; the first detection assembly includes a first detection pin for the first circular hole and a second detection pin for the third circular hole; the second positioning assembly includes three diamond positioning pins respectively used in the first circular hole, the second circular hole and the third circular hole; the second detection assembly includes a third detection pin for the second circular hole and a fourth detection pin for the third circular hole.

[0008] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the conical locating pin includes a first section, a second cylindrical section and a conical section between the first section and the second cylindrical section along its axial direction, the conical section gradually tapers from the second cylindrical section toward the first section, and the minimum diameter of the conical section is smaller than the diameter of the second circular hole, and the maximum diameter of the conical section is larger than the diameter of the second circular hole, wherein the cross section of the first section is the same as the cross section of the receiving hole, so that when the first section is inserted into the receiving hole of the positioning member, the conical locating pin can be prevented from rotating in the receiving hole; and the rhombus locating pin includes a first pin section along its axial direction segment, a second cylindrical pin segment and a rhombus segment located between the first pin segment and the second cylindrical pin segment, the rhombus segment having a rhombus cross-section and tapering from the second cylindrical pin segment to the first pin segment, wherein the length of the longer diagonal of the rhombus cross-section of the rhombus segment close to the second cylindrical pin segment is greater than the diameter of the corresponding circular hole, and the length of the longer diagonal of the rhombus cross-section of the rhombus segment close to the first pin segment is less than the diameter of the corresponding circular hole, wherein the cross-section of the first pin segment is the same as the shape of the cross-section of the receiving hole, so that when the first pin segment is inserted into the receiving hole of the positioning member, the rhombus positioning pin can be prevented from rotating in the receiving hole.

[0009] According to a preferred solution of the present invention, the first detection pin, the second detection pin, the third detection pin and the fourth detection pin are all cylindrical pins, and the cylindrical pin includes a first section, a second cylindrical section and a third cylindrical section located therebetween along its axial direction, and the cross section of the first section is the same as the cross section of the receiving hole, so that the first section can be inserted into the receiving hole, wherein the diameter of the third cylindrical section is D0, and D0=Dax, wherein D is the diameter of the corresponding circular hole to be detected, a is the dimensional tolerance of the corresponding circular hole, and x is the position of the corresponding circular hole. That is to say, in the present invention, it is advantageous that each detection pin has the same shape, but the size of the third cylindrical section can be the same or different, depending on the diameter of the circular hole, the dimensional tolerance of the circular hole and the set position of the circular hole.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a storage seat is further provided on the substrate, and a plurality of grooves are provided on the storage seat for storing the conical positioning pin, a plurality of the diamond positioning pins, the first detection pin, the second detection pin, the third detection pin and the fourth detection pin.

[0011] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the limiting mechanism is a toggle clamp mechanism respectively arranged near each positioning member, and the toggle clamp mechanism includes: a fixed seat; a handle rotatably connected to the fixed seat; a pressure head connected to the handle, and the pressure head can move between a clamping position and a release position relative to the fixed seat under the drive of the handle. In the clamping position, the pressure head presses and fixes the workpiece to the positioning member, and in the release position, the pressure head is away from the workpiece.

[0012] The present invention also provides a method for detecting the position of a hole in a workpiece using the above-mentioned inspection tool, the method comprising the following steps:

[0013] Providing a workpiece to be inspected, wherein the workpiece includes at least a first circular hole, a second circular hole, and a third circular hole;

[0014] placing the workpiece on three positioning members;

[0015] The workpiece is pre-positioned for the first time by cooperating with the first positioning assembly and the three positioning members, so that the workpiece is in a fully positioned state, and then the workpiece is fixed to the three positioning members using a limiting mechanism.

[0016] Remove the first positioning component, and use a first detection component to detect the positions of the first circular hole and the third circular hole;

[0017] Loosening the fixation of the workpiece by the limiting mechanism;

[0018] The workpiece is pre-positioned for the second time by cooperating with the three positioning members through the second positioning assembly, so that the workpiece is in a fully positioned state, and then the workpiece is fixed to the three positioning members again by using a limiting mechanism;

[0019] The second positioning component is removed, and the second detection component is used to detect the positions of the second circular hole and the third circular hole.

[0020] In one embodiment of the present invention, the step of placing the workpiece on the three positioning members includes aligning the first circular hole, the second circular hole and the third circular hole of the workpiece with the receiving holes of the corresponding positioning members respectively;

[0021] wherein the surface of the workpiece in contact with the top support surface of the positioning member defines a first reference, and in the first pre-positioning step, a line connecting the center of the second circular hole and the center of the third circular hole defines a joint reference first horizontal axis, and a first longitudinal axis passes through the center of the second circular hole and is perpendicular to the first horizontal axis;

[0022] Wherein, the first pre-positioning step includes inserting a conical positioning pin into the second circular hole and the receiving hole of the corresponding positioning member and inserting a diamond positioning pin into the third circular hole and the receiving hole of the corresponding positioning member, wherein the first section of the conical positioning pin is inserted into the receiving hole of the corresponding positioning member to prevent the conical positioning pin from rotating, and the conical section of the conical positioning pin contacts the hole wall of the second circular hole;

[0023] wherein the first pin section of the diamond-shaped positioning pin is inserted into the receiving hole of the corresponding positioning member to prevent the diamond-shaped positioning pin from rotating, the long diagonal line of the diamond-shaped cross section of the diamond-shaped positioning pin is perpendicular to the first horizontal axis, and the diamond-shaped section of the diamond-shaped positioning pin is in contact with the hole wall of the third circular hole; and

[0024] The step of using the first detection component to detect the position of the first circular hole and the third circular hole includes inserting the first detection pin and the second detection pin into the first circular hole, the third circular hole and the receiving holes of the corresponding positioning parts respectively. If the third cylindrical section of the first detection pin can be inserted into the first circular hole and the third cylindrical section of the second detection pin can be inserted into the third circular hole, it indicates that the position detection of the first circular hole and the third circular hole has passed.

[0025] According to another embodiment of the present invention, in the second pre-positioning step, a line connecting the center of the second circular hole and the center of the third circular hole defines a joint reference second horizontal axis, and a second longitudinal axis passes through the center of the first circular hole and is perpendicular to the second horizontal axis;

[0026] The second pre-positioning step includes inserting the diamond locating pins into the first circular hole, the second circular hole and the third circular hole respectively, wherein the first pin section of each diamond locating pin is inserted into the receiving hole of the corresponding positioning member to prevent the diamond locating pin from rotating, and the diamond section of each diamond locating pin is in contact with the hole wall of the corresponding circular hole; and, in the first circular hole, the long diagonal line of the diamond cross section of the diamond locating pin is perpendicular to the second longitudinal axis; in the second circular hole and the third circular hole, the long diagonal line of the diamond cross section of the diamond locating pin is perpendicular to the second transverse axis; and

[0027] The step of using the second detection component to detect the position of the second circular hole and the third circular hole includes inserting the third detection pin and the fourth detection pin into the second circular hole, the third circular hole and the receiving holes of the corresponding positioning parts respectively. If the third cylindrical section of the third detection pin can be inserted into the second circular hole, and the third cylindrical section of the fourth detection pin can be inserted into the third circular hole, it indicates that the position detection of the second circular hole and the third circular hole has passed.

[0028] In the inspection tool and the inspection method according to the present invention, the positioning of two sets of positioning-detection mechanisms / systems can be achieved through the coordination and switching of positioning pins of different structures, and the position of the holes can be detected under the two sets of positioning-detection systems by using detection pins of different sizes, so that the position of at least three mounting holes in the workpiece can be quickly detected. In addition, the inspection tool according to the present invention is easy to operate and can be used in the production line to realize the rapid detection of workpieces. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Further features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0030] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a checking tool according to the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 For use Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the structure of the inspection tool used to inspect the workpiece is shown;

[0032] Figure 3a and Figure 3b A perspective view and a top view of an embodiment of a workpiece to be inspected are respectively shown, wherein the workpiece has three circular holes;

[0033] Figure 3c Shows Figure 3a Position tolerance of each hole in the workpiece and the corresponding datum;

[0034] Figure 3d It is shown that the lower surface of the workpiece is used as the A reference (first reference);

[0035] Figure 4a A perspective view of a positioning member according to the present invention is shown;

[0036] Figure 4b for Figure 4a A front view of the positioning member shown;

[0037] Figure 4c for Figure 4b AA section view of the positioning member shown;

[0038] Figure 4d for Figure 4b BB section view of the positioning member shown;

[0039] Figure 4e for Figure 4a A top view of the positioning member shown;

[0040] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the A / CD / C positioning and detection system and the corresponding coordinate system of the inspection fixture according to the present invention;

[0041] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the A / CD / B positioning and detection system and the corresponding coordinate system of the inspection fixture according to the present invention;

[0042] Figure 7a A schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a conical positioning pin according to the present invention;

[0043] Figure 7b for Figure 7a The CC section view and DD section view of the tapered locating pin in FIG.

[0044] Figure 7c for Figure 7a A top view of the conical locating pin in FIG.

[0045] Figure 8a A schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a diamond-shaped positioning pin according to the present invention;

[0046] Figure 8b for Figure 8a EE section view and FF section view of the diamond locating pin in FIG.

[0047] Figure 8c for Figure 8a A top view of a diamond-shaped positioning pin in FIG.

[0048] Figure 9a A schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a detection pin (cylindrical pin) according to the present invention;

[0049] Figure 9b for Figure 9a GG sectional view and HH sectional view of the detection pin in FIG;

[0050] Fig.9c for Figure 9a A top view of the detection pin in FIG.

[0051] Fig.10a A schematic diagram of the structure of the toggle clamp mechanism according to the present invention, in which a workpiece is clamped and fixed to a positioning member and then fixed to a base plate;

[0052] Fig.10b is a schematic structural diagram of a toggle clamp mechanism according to the present invention;

[0053] Fig.10c for Fig.10b An exploded view of the toggle clamp mechanism shown;

[0054] Fig.11 is a three-dimensional diagram of another embodiment of a workpiece to be inspected, wherein the workpiece has four circular holes;

[0055] Fig.12 Shows Fig.11 The position tolerance of each hole in the workpiece and the corresponding datum. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0056] Below will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings and by way of example, a gauge and a detection method for detecting the hole position of a workpiece according to the present invention. In the following description, many specific details are set forth so that those skilled in the art can more fully understand the present invention. However, it is obvious to those skilled in the art that the implementation of the present invention may not have some of these specific details. In addition, it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described. On the contrary, it may be considered that the present invention is implemented with any combination of the following features and elements, regardless of whether they relate to different embodiments.

[0057] In the field of mechanical manufacturing, the position of a circular hole is an important indicator in the mechanical manufacturing process. It refers to the maximum deviation between the center of the circular hole and its ideal position. Its reasonable control can improve the accuracy of the product, improve the product performance indicators, and enhance the service life of the product. It is of great significance. When determining the position x of a circular hole, it is necessary to first find the ideal position of the circular hole, and then determine the position tolerance a. The ideal position refers to the position where the circular hole should be located, and the position tolerance refers to the allowable deviation range of the center of the circular hole. The determination of the position tolerance a needs to take into account the use requirements of the product as well as the limitations of materials and manufacturing processes.

[0058] The workpiece has six degrees of freedom in space, namely the freedom of movement along the three rectangular coordinate axes of x, y, and z and the freedom of rotation around the three coordinate axes. When processing and testing the workpiece, its degrees of freedom need to be limited, that is, it needs to be positioned. In actual processing and testing, the first datum is generally the largest one to limit three degrees of freedom, the second datum is the longest one to limit two degrees of freedom, and the third datum is the smallest one to limit one degree of freedom.

[0059] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a gauge 1 for detecting the hole position of a workpiece 100 according to the present invention is shown. Figure 2 A schematic structural diagram of a check fixture 1 on which a workpiece 100 to be checked is fixed is shown. Figure 3a and Figure 3b An exemplary embodiment of a workpiece 100 to be inspected is shown, which is in the form of a rectangular plate and has three circular through holes, namely, a first circular hole B, a second circular hole C and a third circular hole D which are not on the same straight line. The inspection fixture 1 includes a base plate 2, three positioning members 3 fixed to the base plate 2 and a limiting mechanism 4, and the positions of the three positioning members are selected to correspond to the theoretical positions of the first circular hole B, the second circular hole C and the third circular hole D of the workpiece to be inspected in the workpiece 100.

[0060] Figure 3c The figure shows the position tolerance of each circular hole in the workpiece 100. It can be seen from the figure that the diameters of the three circular holes are the same, for example, all are 7 mm. Figure 3d The lower surface of the workpiece 100 , ie, the surface of the workpiece to be in contact with the positioning member 3 , is shown as the first reference A of the position tolerance of the circular hole.

[0061] See also Figure 4a and Figure 4b In a preferred embodiment of the positioning member, the positioning member 3 includes a mounting portion 31 and a supporting portion 32 extending upward perpendicularly from the mounting portion. The mounting portion 31 is used to fix the positioning member 3 to the substrate 1, and the supporting portion 32 defines a top supporting surface 33 for placing and supporting the workpiece 100 to be inspected. As can be seen from the figure, in this embodiment, the supporting portion 32 has two sections, namely, a regular quadrangular prism section 321 extending from the mounting portion and a cylindrical section 322 extending from the top surface of the regular quadrangular prism section, and the top supporting surface 33 is defined by the upper surface of the cylindrical section 32. See FIG. Figure 4c and Figure 4dThe support portion 32 also has a receiving hole 34 extending from the top support surface along the longitudinal direction of the cylindrical section 322 toward the mounting portion. The receiving hole is configured to have a circular segment (a circular segment is defined as a circle with a straight line cutting off a portion) in cross section, so that the receiving hole has the function of an anti-rotation hole. Those skilled in the art should understand that the cross section of the receiving hole 34 can also be other non-circular shapes, such as square, rectangular, etc., as long as it is easy to process and can cooperate with a pin with the same cross-sectional shape to achieve the anti-rotation function. See Figure 4e The mounting portion is provided with four mounting holes 310, which can be fastened to the substrate 1 by means of fasteners such as screws or bolts in cooperation with corresponding mounting holes on the substrate 1. In the present invention, such a positioning member 3 can also be referred to as an anti-rotation positioning member. Moreover, it should be understood that the structure of the positioning member shown in the figure is only exemplary, and the support portion 32 can also be configured as a non-segmented cylindrical or regular prism shape, which is also covered within the scope of the present application.

[0062] exist Figure 1 and Figure 2 The inspection fixture 1 shown in the figure also includes a first positioning and detection mechanism and a second positioning and detection mechanism, wherein the first positioning and detection mechanism includes a first positioning assembly and a first detection assembly, and the second positioning and detection mechanism includes a second positioning assembly and a second detection assembly, and both the first positioning assembly and the second positioning assembly can cooperate with the three positioning members 3 to completely position the workpiece 100, and the first detection assembly can be used to detect the position of the first circular hole B and the third circular hole D, and the second detection assembly is used to detect the position of the second circular hole C and the third circular hole D. Specifically, the first positioning assembly includes a conical positioning pin 51 for the second circular hole C and a diamond positioning pin 52 for the third circular hole D, the first detection assembly includes a first detection pin 61 for the first circular hole B and a second detection pin 62 for the third circular hole D; the second positioning assembly includes three diamond positioning pins 52 for the first circular hole B, the second circular hole C and the third circular hole D respectively; the second detection assembly includes a third detection pin 63 for the second circular hole C and a fourth detection pin 64 for the third circular hole D.

[0063] In the present invention, the cooperation of the first positioning and detection component and the three positioning members constitutes the first positioning and detection system in the inspection fixture 1, which can also be called the A / CD / C positioning and detection system. Figure 5 , schematically depicts the A / CD / C positioning and detection system and the corresponding coordinate system of the inspection fixture according to the present invention, wherein the first reference A is as shown in FIG. Figure 3dAs shown, the horizontal axis X1 of the joint datum (also referred to as the second datum) is determined by the line connecting the centers of the second circular hole C and the third circular hole D, the vertical axis Y1 passes through the center of the second circular hole C and is perpendicular to the horizontal axis X1, and the vertical axis Z1 is perpendicular to the center of the second circular hole C and is perpendicular to the horizontal axis X1 and the vertical axis Y1. The figure shows that its projection coincides with the intersection of the horizontal axis and the vertical axis.

[0064] See also Figure 6 , schematically depicts the A / CD / B positioning and detection system and the corresponding coordinate system of the inspection fixture according to the present invention, wherein the first reference A is also as Figure 3d As shown, the horizontal axis X2 of the joint datum (also referred to as the second datum) is determined by the line connecting the centers of the second circular hole C and the third circular hole D, the vertical axis Y2 passes through the center of the first circular hole B and is perpendicular to the horizontal axis X2, and the vertical axis Z2 is perpendicular to the horizontal axis X1 and the vertical axis Y1 and passes through the intersection of the two. The figure shows that its projection coincides with the intersection of the horizontal axis and the vertical axis.

[0065] Figures 7a to 7c An embodiment of a conical positioning pin 51 according to the present invention is shown. It can be seen from the figure that the conical positioning pin 51 includes a first section 511, a second cylindrical section 512, and a conical section 513 located therebetween. The conical section tapers from the second cylindrical section 512 toward the first section 511, and the minimum diameter of the conical section 513 is smaller than the diameter D of the second circular hole C, and the maximum diameter of the conical section is larger than the diameter D of the second circular hole C, wherein the cross section of the first section is the same as the cross section of the receiving hole 34 of the positioning member 3. See in particular Figure 7b , the cross section of the first section is also in the shape of a circular segment, so that when the first section is inserted into the receiving hole 34 of the corresponding positioning member 3, the conical positioning pin 51 can be prevented from rotating in the receiving hole. For example, in order to cooperate with the second circular hole C, the size of the conical positioning pin 51 can be selected such that the diameter of the first section is 5 mm, the minimum diameter of the conical section 513 is 6.8 mm, the maximum diameter is 7.52 mm, and the diameter of the second cylindrical section is larger than the maximum diameter of the conical section. It should be understood that the dimensions of the conical positioning pin given here are merely exemplary, and the diameter and length of each section thereof can be selected according to the size of the hole in the workpiece (such as the diameter or the hole depth).

[0066] Figures 8a to 8cAn embodiment of a rhombus locating pin 52 according to the present invention is shown, wherein the rhombus locating pin 52 includes a first pin segment 521, a second cylindrical pin segment 522, and a rhombus segment 523 located between the first pin segment and the second cylindrical pin segment along its axial direction, the rhombus segment 523 having a rhombus cross-section and tapering from the second cylindrical pin segment 522 to the first pin segment 521, and when the rhombus locating pin is used as a first locating component, the length of the longer diagonal of the rhombus cross-section of the rhombus segment close to the second cylindrical pin segment 522 is greater than the diameter of the second circular hole C, and the length of the longer diagonal of the rhombus cross-section of the rhombus segment close to the first pin segment 521 is less than the diameter of the second circular hole C. When the diamond locating pin 52 is used as the second positioning component, the length of the longer diagonal of the diamond cross section of the diamond section close to the second cylindrical pin section is greater than the diameter of the corresponding circular hole, and the length of the longer diagonal of the diamond cross section of the diamond section close to the first pin section is less than the diameter of the corresponding circular hole. In the above embodiment, since the diameters of the three circular holes are the same, the structures and sizes of the three diamond locating pins in the second positioning component can be exactly the same. However, it should be understood that the sizes of the circular holes in the workpiece may also be different, and accordingly, the sizes of the diamond locating pins also need to be changed accordingly. In addition, the inspection fixture according to the present invention can not only be used to detect workpieces with three circular holes, but can also be used to detect workpieces with four or more circular holes. In each diamond locating pin 52, the size and shape of the first pin segment 521 are the same as the size and shape of the first segment 511 of the conical locating pin 51. Specifically, the length and cross-section of the first pin segment 521 can be the same as the length and cross-section of the receiving hole, so that when the first pin segment is inserted into the receiving hole 34 of the locating member 3, the diamond locating pin can be prevented from rotating in the receiving hole.

[0067] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first detection pin 61, the second detection pin 62, the third detection pin 63 and the fourth detection pin 64 are all cylindrical pins. Figures 9a to 9cAs shown in the figure. It can be seen from the figure that the cylindrical pin includes a first section 601, a second cylindrical section 602 and a third cylindrical section 603 located therebetween along its axial direction. In an embodiment of the present invention, the size and shape of the first section of each detection pin are the same as the size and shape of the first section of the conical positioning pin and the first pin section of the rhombus positioning pin, the cross section of the first section and the shape of the cross section of the receiving hole are the same, and the size is selected so that the first pin section can be inserted into the receiving hole of the positioning member. However, the difference between these detection pins lies mainly in the diameter of the third cylindrical section, wherein the diameter of the third cylindrical section 603 is D0=Dax, wherein D is the diameter of the corresponding circular hole to be detected, a is the dimensional tolerance of the corresponding circular hole, and x is the position of the corresponding circular hole. In the present application, the shape of the detection pin can be the same, but for different circular holes, its size, especially the size of the third cylindrical section, depends on the diameter of the circular hole, the dimensional tolerance of the circular hole and the position of the circular hole.

[0068] See again Figure 1 and Figure 2 In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a receiving seat 7 is further provided on the base plate 2, and a plurality of receiving grooves 70 are provided on the receiving seat for storing the first positioning assembly, the second positioning assembly, the first detection assembly and the second detection assembly, specifically, for storing the conical positioning pin, the diamond positioning pin, the first detection pin, the second detection pin, the third detection pin and the fourth detection pin. This configuration makes the positioning and detection of the workpiece more convenient and quick.

[0069] exist Figure 5 In the A / CD / C positioning and detection system shown, the conical positioning pin 51 is inserted into the second circular hole C and the receiving hole of the positioning member 3, wherein the first section of the conical positioning pin is inserted into the receiving hole of the positioning member, and the conical section contacts the hole wall of the second circular hole; the rhombus positioning pin 52 is inserted into the third circular hole D and the receiving hole of the positioning member 3, wherein the first pin section of the rhombus positioning pin is inserted into the receiving hole of the positioning member, and the rhombus positioning pin is arranged so that the rhombus section contacts the hole wall of the third circular hole and the long diagonal of the rhombus cross section of the rhombus positioning pin is perpendicular to the horizontal axis X1, thereby achieving complete positioning of the workpiece 100. Full positioning, after positioning is completed, the workpiece is clamped with the limit mechanism 4, and then the conical positioning pin 51 and the diamond positioning pin 52 can be pulled out, and then the first detection pin 61 is used to detect the position of the first circular hole B, and the second detection pin 62 is used to detect the position of the third circular hole D. If the third cylindrical section of the first detection pin 61 can be inserted into the first circular hole B, the position detection of the first circular hole B passes, otherwise the position detection fails; if the third cylindrical section of the second detection pin 62 can be inserted into the third circular hole D, the position detection of the third circular hole D passes, otherwise the position detection fails.

[0070] Combination Figure 3c, based on the position of the first circular hole B shown in the figure, the diameter of the third cylindrical section of the first detection pin 61 is D0=Dax=7mm-0.1mm-0.6mm=6.3mm; based on the position of the third circular hole D shown in the figure, the diameter of the third cylindrical section of the second detection pin 62 is D0=Dax=7mm-0-0.2mm=6.8mm. In this embodiment, the diameter of the first section of the first detection pin and the second detection pin is 5mm, and its length depends on the depth of the receiving hole, for example, it can be 20mm.

[0071] exist Figure 6 In the A / CD / B positioning and detection system shown, three diamond-shaped positioning pins 52 are respectively inserted into the first circular hole B, the second circular hole C and the third circular hole D and the receiving holes of the corresponding positioning members, wherein the first pin section 521 of the diamond-shaped positioning pin 52 is inserted into the receiving hole of the corresponding positioning member, and the diamond section of each diamond-shaped positioning pin is in contact with the hole wall of the corresponding circular hole, wherein in the first circular hole B, the long diagonal line of the diamond-shaped cross section of the diamond-shaped positioning pin is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis Y2; in the second circular hole C and the third circular hole D, the long diagonal line of the diamond-shaped cross section of the diamond-shaped positioning pin is perpendicular to the horizontal axis X2, so that To achieve complete positioning of the workpiece 100, the workpiece is clamped with the limiting mechanism 4 after positioning is completed, and then the three diamond positioning pins 52 can be pulled out, and then the third detection pin 63 is used to detect the position of the second circular hole C, and the fourth detection pin 64 is used to detect the position of the fourth circular hole D. If the third cylindrical section of the third detection pin 63 can be inserted into the second circular hole C, the position detection of the second circular hole C passes, otherwise the position detection fails; if the third cylindrical section of the fourth detection pin 64 can be inserted into the third circular hole D, the position detection of the third circular hole D passes, otherwise the position detection fails.

[0072] Recombination Figure 3c , based on the position of the second circular hole C shown in the figure, the diameter of the third cylindrical section of the third detection pin 63 is D0=Dax=7mm-0.1mm-0.4mm=6.5mm; based on the position of the third circular hole D shown in the figure, the diameter of the third cylindrical section of the fourth detection pin 62 is D0=Dax=7mm-0.1mm-0.6mm=6.3mm. In this embodiment, the diameter of the first section of the third detection pin and the fourth detection pin is 5mm, and the length thereof also depends on the depth of the receiving hole, for example, it can be 20mm.

[0073] See also Figure 10a-Figure 10c, shows a preferred embodiment of the limiting mechanism 4 according to the present invention, which is constructed as a toggle clamp mechanism arranged near each positioning member 3, and the toggle clamp mechanism includes: a fixed seat 41, a handle 42 and a pressure head 43, wherein the handle 42 is rotatably connected to the fixed seat, and the pressure head 43 can move between a clamping position and a release position relative to the fixed seat under the drive of the handle. In the clamping position, the pressure head presses and fixes the workpiece to the positioning member 3, and in the release position, the pressure head is away from the workpiece 100. In this embodiment, it is advantageous that the pressure head 43 is constructed to have two arms 430, and a notch is formed between the two arms. When the pressure head is in the clamping position, the positioning pin or the detection pin can be inserted into the corresponding circular hole or pulled out from the circular hole through the notch. It should be understood that the toggle clamp mechanism is only a preferred embodiment, and any mechanism that can achieve the clamping and release of the workpiece is included in the scope of this application, and will not be repeated here.

[0074] The inspection tool 1 according to the present invention can also be used to inspect a workpiece having four circular holes, see Fig.11 and Fig.12 , the workpiece 200 and Figure 3a and Figure 3c Compared with the workpiece 100 shown in FIG. 1 , the only difference is that the fourth circular hole E is included. For easier understanding, the first circular hole B, the second circular hole C and the third circular hole D are formed by Figure 3a The detection methods of the first circular hole B, the second circular hole C and the third circular hole D are the same as the detection methods of the circular holes of the workpiece 100, and the fourth circular hole E is detected by providing an additional fifth detection pin 65 (it can also be said that the second detection assembly includes the fifth detection pin), for example, based on Figure 6 The A / CD / B positioning and detection system shown in the figure is used for detection, wherein the structure of the fifth detection pin is the same as that of the other detection pins, and is also a cylindrical pin. Fig.12 The position of the fourth circular hole E shown in the figure has a diameter of its third cylindrical section D0=Dax=7mm-0.1mm-0.4mm=6.5mm. After the workpiece 200 is completely positioned based on the A / CD / B positioning and detection system, the fifth detection pin is inserted into the fourth circular hole E. If the third cylindrical section of the fifth detection pin can be inserted into the fourth circular hole E, the position detection of the third circular hole E passes, otherwise the position detection fails. It should be understood that for workpieces with more circular holes, the position detection can also be performed using the inspection fixture according to the present invention. It is only necessary to provide detection pins of appropriate sizes according to the positioning and detection principles of the present invention, which is also covered within the scope of the present application.

[0075] The following briefly describes a method for detecting the hole position of a workpiece using the inspection fixture 1 according to the present invention. The method comprises the following steps:

[0076] Providing a workpiece 100 to be inspected;

[0077] The workpiece 100 is placed on the three positioning members 3, and the first circular hole B, the second circular hole C and the third circular hole D of the workpiece are respectively aligned with the receiving holes 34 of the corresponding positioning members 3;

[0078] Then, the conical positioning pin 51 is inserted into the second circular hole C and the receiving hole of the positioning member 3, and the diamond positioning pin 52 is inserted into the third circular hole D to pre-position the workpiece 100 for the first time, so that the workpiece 100 is in a completely positioned state; the limiting mechanism 4 is used to fix the workpiece to the three positioning members 3, and then to the substrate 2;

[0079] Remove the conical positioning pin 51 and the diamond positioning pin 52;

[0080] Insert the first detection pin 61 into the first circular hole B, and the second detection pin 62 into the third circular hole D. If the third cylindrical section of the first detection pin 61 can be inserted into the first circular hole B, it indicates that the position detection of the first circular hole B has passed, otherwise it has failed. If the third cylindrical section of the second detection pin 62 can be inserted into the third circular hole, it indicates that the position detection of the third circular hole has passed, otherwise it has failed.

[0081] Release the limiting mechanism 4, insert the three diamond-shaped positioning pins 52 into the first circular hole B, the second circular hole C and the third circular hole D and the receiving holes 34 of the corresponding positioning members 3, and perform a second pre-positioning of the workpiece 100; make the workpiece 100 in a fully positioned state; use the limiting mechanism 4 to fix the workpiece to the three positioning members 3 again, and then fix it to the substrate 2;

[0082] Remove the three diamond-shaped positioning pins 52;

[0083] Insert the third detection pin 63 into the second circular hole C and the fourth detection pin 64 into the third circular hole D. If the third cylindrical section of the third detection pin 63 can be inserted into the second circular hole C, it indicates that the position detection of the second circular hole C has passed, otherwise it has failed. If the third cylindrical section of the fourth detection pin 64 can be inserted into the third circular hole D, it indicates that the position detection of the third circular hole has passed, otherwise it has failed.

[0084] Although the present invention has been disclosed as above with preferred embodiments, the present invention is not limited thereto. Any combination, change and modification made by any person skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention, and therefore the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the scope defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A gauge for detecting the hole position of a workpiece, characterized in that: The workpiece (100) comprises at least a first circular hole (B), a second circular hole (C) and a third circular hole (D), and the gauge (1) comprises: base(2); three positioning members (3), the three positioning members being fixed to the base plate (2) and used to receive the workpiece, the three positioning members being configured so that their positions correspond to theoretical positions of the first circular hole, the second circular hole and the third circular hole in the workpiece respectively; A limiting mechanism (4) fixed to the base plate (2); a first positioning and detection mechanism, wherein the first positioning and detection mechanism comprises a first positioning assembly and a first detection assembly, the workpiece can be completely positioned through the cooperation of the first positioning assembly and the three positioning members (3), the limiting mechanism (4) is used to releasably fasten the workpiece in a completely positioned state to the substrate, and the first detection assembly is used to detect the position of the first circular hole (B) and the third circular hole (D); and A second positioning and detection mechanism, wherein the second positioning and detection mechanism comprises a second positioning component and a second detection component, the workpiece can be completely positioned through the cooperation of the second positioning component and the three positioning members (3), the limiting mechanism (4) is used to releasably fasten the workpiece in the completely positioned state to the substrate again, and the second detection component is used to detect the position of at least the second circular hole and the third circular hole.

2. The gauge according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each positioning member (3) has a mounting portion (31) suitable for being fixed to the substrate and a supporting portion (32) extending upwardly perpendicular to the mounting portion (31), the supporting portion defining a top supporting surface (33) and a receiving hole (34) extending from the top supporting surface along the longitudinal direction of the supporting portion toward the mounting portion, wherein the cross-section of the receiving hole is non-circular.

3. The gauge according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first positioning assembly comprises a conical positioning pin (51) for the second circular hole (C) and a diamond positioning pin (52) for the third circular hole (D); the first detection assembly comprises a first detection pin (61) for the first circular hole (B) and a second detection pin (62) for the third circular hole (D); The second positioning assembly includes three diamond-shaped positioning pins (52) respectively used in the first circular hole (B), the second circular hole (C) and the third circular hole (D); the second detection assembly includes a third detection pin (63) used for the second circular hole (C) and a fourth detection pin (64) used for the third circular hole (D).

4. The gauge according to claim 3, characterized in that: The conical positioning pin (51) includes a first section (511), a second cylindrical section (512), and a conical section (513) located between the first section and the second cylindrical section along its axial direction, the conical section gradually tapers from the second cylindrical section toward the first section, and the minimum diameter of the conical section is smaller than the diameter of the second circular hole (B), and the maximum diameter of the conical section is larger than the diameter of the second circular hole, wherein the cross section of the first section is the same as the cross section of the receiving hole, so that when the first section is inserted into the receiving hole (34) of the positioning member, the conical positioning pin can be prevented from rotating in the receiving hole; and The rhombus locating pin (52) includes a first pin section (521), a second cylindrical pin section (522) and a rhombus section (523) located between the first pin section and the second cylindrical pin section along its axial direction, the rhombus section having a rhombus cross-section and tapering from the second cylindrical pin section to the first pin section, wherein the length of the longer diagonal of the rhombus cross-section of the rhombus section close to the second cylindrical pin section is greater than the diameter of the corresponding circular hole, and the length of the longer diagonal of the rhombus cross-section of the rhombus section close to the first pin section is less than the diameter of the corresponding circular hole, wherein the cross-section of the first pin section is the same as the shape of the cross-section of the receiving hole, so that when the first pin section is inserted into the receiving hole (34) of the positioning member, the rhombus locating pin can be prevented from rotating in the receiving hole.

5. The gauge according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first detection pin (61), the second detection pin (62), the third detection pin (63) and the fourth detection pin (64) are all cylindrical pins, and the cylindrical pin includes a first section, a second cylindrical section and a third cylindrical section located therebetween along its axial direction, and the cross-section of the first section is the same as the shape of the cross-section of the receiving hole, so that the first section can be inserted into the receiving hole, wherein the diameter of the third cylindrical section is D0, and D0=Dax, wherein D is the diameter of the corresponding circular hole to be detected, a is the size tolerance of the corresponding circular hole, and x is the position degree of the corresponding circular hole.

6. The gauge according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that: The base plate (2) is also provided with a storage seat (7), which is provided with a plurality of receiving grooves (70) for storing the conical positioning pin (51), the plurality of diamond positioning pins (52), the first detection pin (61), the second detection pin (62), the third detection pin (63) and the fourth detection pin (64).

7. The gauge according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The limiting mechanism (4) is a toggle clamp mechanism respectively arranged near each of the positioning members (3), and the toggle clamp mechanism comprises: a fixed seat (41); a handle (42) rotatably connected to the fixed seat; and a pressing head (43), which can be moved between a clamping position and a loosening position relative to the fixed seat under the drive of the handle. In the clamping position, the pressing head presses and fixes the workpiece to the positioning member (3), and in the loosening position, the pressing head is away from the workpiece (100).

8. A method for detecting the position of a hole in a workpiece using a gauge according to any one of claims 1 to 7, the method comprising the following steps: Providing a workpiece (100) to be inspected, wherein the workpiece comprises at least a first circular hole (B), a second circular hole (C) and a third circular hole (D); Placing the workpiece on three positioning members (3); The workpiece is pre-positioned for the first time by cooperating with the first positioning component and the three positioning members, so that the workpiece is in a fully positioned state, and then the workpiece is fixed to the three positioning members (3) using a limiting mechanism (4); Remove the first positioning component, and use a first detection component to detect the positions of the first circular hole and the third circular hole; loosening the fixation of the workpiece by the limiting mechanism (4); Pre-positioning the workpiece for a second time by cooperating the second positioning assembly with the three positioning members, so that the workpiece is in a fully positioned state, and then fixing the workpiece to the three positioning members (3) again using a limiting mechanism (4); and The second positioning component is removed, and the second detection component is used to detect the positions of the second circular hole and the third circular hole.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that The step of placing the workpiece (100) on three positioning members (3) comprises aligning the first circular hole, the second circular hole and the third circular hole of the workpiece with the receiving holes (34) of the corresponding positioning members respectively; The surface of the workpiece (100) in contact with the top support surface (33) of the positioning member (3) defines a first reference (A), and in the first pre-positioning step, a line connecting the center of the second circular hole and the center of the third circular hole defines a combined second reference (CD), i.e., a first horizontal axis, and a first longitudinal axis passes through the center of the second circular hole (C) and is perpendicular to the first horizontal axis; The first pre-positioning step includes inserting a conical locating pin (51) into the second circular hole (C) and the receiving hole (34) of the corresponding locating member (3), and inserting a rhombus locating pin (52) into the third circular hole (D) and the receiving hole of the corresponding locating member, wherein the first section (511) of the conical locating pin (51) is inserted into the receiving hole of the corresponding locating member to prevent the conical locating pin from rotating, and the conical section (513) of the conical locating pin (51) contacts the hole wall of the second circular hole (C); wherein the first pin section (521) of the rhombus locating pin (52) is inserted into the receiving hole of the corresponding locating member to prevent the rhombus locating pin from rotating, the long diagonal of the rhombus cross section of the rhombus locating pin (52) is perpendicular to the first horizontal axis, and the rhombus section of the rhombus locating pin contacts the hole wall of the third circular hole (D); and The step of using the first detection component to detect the position of the first circular hole and the third circular hole includes inserting the first detection pin (61) and the second detection pin (62) into the first circular hole (B), the third circular hole (D) and the receiving holes of the corresponding positioning parts respectively. If the third cylindrical section (603) of the first detection pin (61) can be inserted into the first circular hole, and the third cylindrical section of the second detection pin can be inserted into the third circular hole, it indicates that the position detection of the first circular hole and the third circular hole has passed.

10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that In the second pre-positioning step, the second reference (CD), i.e., the second horizontal axis, is still defined by the line connecting the center (C) of the second circular hole and the center (D) of the third circular hole, and the second longitudinal axis passes through the center (B) of the first circular hole and is perpendicular to the second horizontal axis; The second pre-positioning step includes inserting the diamond locating pin (52) into the first circular hole (B), the second circular hole (C) and the third circular hole (D), respectively, wherein the first pin section (521) of each diamond locating pin is inserted into the receiving hole of the corresponding positioning member to prevent the diamond locating pin from rotating, and the diamond section of each diamond locating pin is in contact with the hole wall of the corresponding circular hole; and, in the first circular hole, the long diagonal of the diamond cross section of the diamond locating pin is perpendicular to the second longitudinal axis; in the second circular hole and the third circular hole, the long diagonal of the diamond cross section of the diamond locating pin is perpendicular to the second transverse axis; and The step of using the second detection component to detect the position of the second circular hole (C) and the third circular hole (D) includes inserting the third detection pin (63) and the fourth detection pin (64) into the second circular hole, the third circular hole and the receiving holes of the corresponding positioning parts respectively. If the third cylindrical section of the third detection pin can be inserted into the second circular hole, and the third cylindrical section of the fourth detection pin can be inserted into the third circular hole, it indicates that the position detection of the second circular hole and the third circular hole has passed.

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