Calibration detection method for abrasion of rail transit carbon contact strip

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of rail traffic detection, and discloses a calibration detection method for rail traffic carbon slide plate abrasion, a plurality of calibration sheets are uniformly arranged on the bottom surface of a carbon slide plate along the length direction at intervals, each calibration sheet is pasted along the width direction of the carbon slide plate, and two ends of each calibration sheet are exposed outside the carbon slide plate; a laser detection device is used for conducting laser scanning in the length direction of the carbon sliding plate, three-dimensional data of the surface of the carbon sliding plate and the exposed parts of all the calibration pieces are obtained, the three-dimensional data of the calibration pieces are used for compensating the three-dimensional data of the carbon sliding plate, and the accurate abrasion condition of the carbon sliding plate is obtained.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of rail transit detection, and in particular relates to a calibration detection method for wear of a rail transit carbon slide plate. Background Art

[0002] When a rail transit train is running, the pantograph and the contact network rely on carbon slide plates to obtain electricity. The locomotive is in contact with the contact network during operation, so the carbon slide plate and the contact network are in a state of friction for a long time. In the existing system, the carbon slide plate and the contact network adopt a Z-shaped operation mode, and the working surface is about 550mm. The carbon slide plate is evenly worn in an ideal state, but in reality, there is abnormal wear at one point in the working surface, which will limit the use of the entire carbon slide plate and face replacement. Therefore, abnormal wear is the culprit for resource waste. However, as the main component of subway operation, carbon slide plates have always lacked effective and scientific management methods.

[0003] At present, the wear detection of carbon skateboards is mainly non-contact detection, such as obtaining three-dimensional data of the carbon skateboard surface through laser scanning, and comparing it with the standard carbon skateboard data to obtain the wear situation. However, the carbon skateboard used for a long time will not only wear out the carbon material on the top surface, but also produce abnormal damage such as deformation and warping on the bottom surface or the overall shape, making the measurement reference bottom surface of the carbon skateboard to be inspected different from that of the standard carbon skateboard. This will inevitably lead to inaccurate three-dimensional data of the top surface. The result after comparison with the standard carbon skateboard cannot truly reflect the wear situation of the carbon skateboard to be inspected. The detection accuracy is low, which is likely to cause excessive replacement of carbon skateboards and waste resources. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides a calibration detection method for wear of a rail transit carbon slide plate, which solves the technical problems that the measurement basis of the existing detection method, namely the bottom surface of the carbon slide plate, is deformed, resulting in low accuracy of wear detection.

[0005] The present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] A calibration detection method for the wear of a rail transit carbon slide board is disclosed. A plurality of calibration sheets are evenly spaced along the length direction of the bottom surface of the carbon slide board. Each of the calibration sheets is posted along the width direction of the carbon slide board and both ends are exposed outside the carbon slide board. A laser detection device is used to perform laser scanning along the length direction of the carbon slide board to obtain three-dimensional data of the surface of the carbon slide board and the exposed external parts of each calibration sheet. The three-dimensional data of the calibration sheet is used to compensate the three-dimensional data of the carbon slide board to obtain accurate wear information of the carbon slide board.

[0007] Furthermore, a three-dimensional coordinate system is constructed with the center point of the carbon slide plate as the origin, the length direction as the X-axis direction, the width direction as the Y-axis direction, and the direction perpendicular to the XOY plane as the Z-axis direction;

[0008] The first straight line corresponding to the carbon slide board in the length direction is obtained by fitting the coordinates (x, z) of the corresponding points of all calibration sheets, and then the coordinate x value in the three-dimensional data of the carbon slide board is used to query the corresponding coordinate z value on the first straight line, so as to compensate the corresponding coordinate z value in the three-dimensional data of the carbon slide board;

[0009] The coordinates (y, z) of all the corresponding points on the calibration sheet are fitted to obtain the second straight line corresponding to the carbon skateboard in the width direction, and then the coordinate y value in the three-dimensional data of the carbon skateboard is used to query the corresponding coordinate z value on the second straight line, so as to compensate the corresponding coordinate z value in the three-dimensional data of the carbon skateboard again.

[0010] Further, if the maximum difference of the Z-axis coordinates of the corresponding points of the calibration sheet along the length direction of the carbon slide plate is greater than the first threshold, it is necessary to perform the first straight line fitting;

[0011] If the maximum difference of the Z-axis coordinates of the corresponding points of the calibration sheet along the width direction of the carbon slide plate is greater than the second threshold, it is necessary to perform a second straight line fitting.

[0012] Further, a calibration sheet is posted at the central position O of the carbon slide plate and at positions A and B spaced at the same distance from the central position O on both sides, and their exposed parts are marked as O1, O2, A1, A2 and B1, B2 respectively;

[0013] The coordinates (x, z) of the points corresponding to the positions of O1A1 / O2A2 are used to fit the straight line OA, and the coordinates of the points where the straight line OA is located are used to compensate the Z-axis coordinates of the left part of the X-axis of the carbon slide board;

[0014] The coordinates (x, z) of the points corresponding to the positions of O1B1 / O2B2 are used to fit the straight line OB, and the coordinates of the points where the straight line OB is located are used to compensate the Z-axis coordinates of the right side of the X-axis of the carbon slide board;

[0015] The straight line OO′ is obtained by fitting the coordinates (y, z) of the points corresponding to the positions of O1O2 / A1A2 / B1B2, and the Z-axis coordinates of the Y-axis side of the carbon slide board are compensated again by the coordinates of the points where the straight line OO′ is located.

[0016] Furthermore, the coordinates (x, z) of the points corresponding to the positions of O1A1 and O2A2 are used to fit the straight lines O1A1 and O2A2, respectively, and the slopes corresponding to the straight lines O1A1 and O2A2 are calculated and their average values ​​are taken as the slope of the straight line OA.

[0017] The coordinates (x, z) of the points corresponding to the positions of O1B1 and O2B2 are used to fit the straight lines O1B1 and O2B2, respectively. The slopes corresponding to the straight lines O1B1 and O2B2 are calculated and their average value is taken as the slope of the straight line OB.

[0018] The coordinates (y, z) of the corresponding points at the positions O1O2, A1A2 and B1B2 are used to fit the straight lines O1O2, A1A2 and B1B2 respectively. The slopes corresponding to the straight lines O1O2, A1A2 and B1B2 are calculated and their average value is taken as the slope of the straight line OO′.

[0019] Further, if the difference between the Z-axis coordinates of the points corresponding to the position A1 and the position O1 and / or the difference between the Z-axis coordinates of the points corresponding to the position A2 and the position O2 is greater than the first threshold, it is necessary to perform straight line OA fitting;

[0020] If the difference between the Z-axis coordinates of the points corresponding to position B1 and position O1 and / or the difference between the Z-axis coordinates of the points corresponding to position B2 and position O2 is greater than the first threshold, it is necessary to perform straight line OB fitting;

[0021] If at least one of the difference in Z-axis coordinates between the points corresponding to position O1 and position O2, the difference in Z-axis coordinates between the points corresponding to position A1 and position A2, and the difference in Z-axis coordinates between the points corresponding to position B1 and position B2 is greater than the second threshold, it is necessary to perform straight line OO′ fitting.

[0022] Furthermore, when the laser detection device is used for laser scanning, the laser collection module is always located at the center of the carbon slide plate in the width direction.

[0023] Furthermore, the size of the exposed portion at the end of each calibration piece is the same.

[0024] The beneficial technical effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0025] 1. A calibration sheet is added to the bottom of the carbon slide. The three-dimensional data of the calibration sheet reflects the real situation of the bottom of the carbon slide, so as to compensate the three-dimensional data of the surface of the carbon slide, so that the three-dimensional data of the surface of the carbon slide can more truly reflect the wear of the surface of the carbon slide, improve the accuracy of detection, provide an effective data basis for the replacement of the carbon slide, and facilitate promotion and application;

[0026] 2. The calibration detection method of the present invention is adopted, and the actual straight line in the X-axis direction and the actual straight line in the Y-axis direction of the bottom surface of the carbon slide are obtained by the fitting method, so as to simulate the actual deformation of the bottom surface of the carbon slide. Then, these actual straight lines are used to perform Z-axis coordinate compensation from the length direction of the carbon slide, i.e., the X-axis direction, and the width direction, i.e., the Y-axis direction, so as to obtain more accurate wear detection data. The whole method has low complexity and fast calculation speed, so as to effectively improve the detection efficiency;

[0027] 3. The calibration detection method of the present invention only needs to post multiple calibration sheets on the bottom surface of the carbon slide board, without the need for additional hardware layout, which can effectively reduce costs and has strong practicality. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall process of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the state of the calibration sheet of the present invention on the carbon slide plate;

[0030] Figure 3 The figure is a schematic diagram of the results of testing a carbon slide plate using the calibration measurement method of the present invention and the existing method. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The specific implementation of the present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments.

[0032] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a calibration detection method for the wear of rail transit carbon slides, wherein a plurality of calibration sheets are evenly spaced along the length direction of the bottom surface of the carbon slide, each calibration sheet is posted along the width direction of the carbon slide and both ends are exposed outside the carbon slide, and a laser detection device is used to perform laser scanning along the length direction of the carbon slide to obtain the three-dimensional data of the surface of the carbon slide and the exposed parts of each calibration sheet, and the three-dimensional data of the calibration sheet is used to compensate the three-dimensional data of the carbon slide to obtain accurate wear conditions of the carbon slide. In this way, a calibration sheet is added to the bottom surface of the carbon slide, and the three-dimensional data of the calibration sheet reflects the real situation of the bottom surface of the carbon slide, thereby compensating the three-dimensional data of the surface of the carbon slide, so that the three-dimensional data of the surface of the carbon slide can more truly reflect the wear conditions of the surface of the carbon slide, improve the accuracy of detection, provide an effective data basis for the replacement of the carbon slide, and be more conducive to promotion and application.

[0033] The details are as follows:

[0034] A three-dimensional coordinate system is constructed with the center point of the carbon skateboard, i.e., the center of the length direction and the width direction, as the origin, the length direction as the X-axis direction, the width direction as the Y-axis direction, and the direction perpendicular to the XOY plane as the Z-axis direction;

[0035] The first straight line corresponding to the carbon slide in the length direction is obtained by fitting the coordinates (x, z) of the corresponding points of all calibration sheets, and then the coordinate x value in the three-dimensional data of the carbon slide is used to query the coordinate z value corresponding to the first straight line, so as to compensate the corresponding coordinate z value in the three-dimensional data of the carbon slide, that is, the coordinate z value of the carbon slide minus the coordinate z value corresponding to the first straight line, to obtain the final coordinate z value, which is the actual wear condition of the carbon slide;

[0036] The coordinates (y, z) of all the corresponding points on the calibration sheet are used to fit the second straight line corresponding to the carbon skateboard in the width direction. The coordinate y value in the three-dimensional data of the carbon skateboard is then used to query the corresponding coordinate z value on the second straight line. This is used to compensate the corresponding coordinate z value in the three-dimensional data of the carbon skateboard again. That is, the coordinate z value of the carbon skateboard is subtracted from the coordinate z value on the first straight line to obtain the final coordinate z value, which is the actual wear condition of the carbon skateboard.

[0037] Before coordinate compensation, we also need to determine whether the bottom surface of the carbon skateboard is deformed. If so, the above compensation needs to be performed. If not, no compensation is required.

[0038] Specifically, if the maximum difference of the Z-axis coordinates of the corresponding points of the calibration sheet along the length direction of the carbon slide plate is greater than the first threshold, it is necessary to perform the first straight line fitting;

[0039] If the maximum difference of the Z-axis coordinates of the corresponding points of the calibration sheet along the width direction of the carbon slide plate is greater than the second threshold, it is necessary to perform a second straight line fitting.

[0040] After sufficient scientific deduction and feasibility of practical application, we can post a calibration sheet at the central position O in the length direction of the carbon slide and at positions A and B at the same distance on both sides of the central position O, such as Figure 2 As shown, the sizes of their exposed parts are the same, which are respectively denoted as O1, O2, A1, A2 and B1, B2. The calibration piece can adopt a long strip structure, and the long strip is perpendicular to the length direction of the carbon skateboard. When using a laser detection device for laser scanning, sampling can be performed every 1 mm, and the laser acquisition module is always in the central position in the width direction of the carbon skateboard. The laser detection device can be implemented by the wear detection device disclosed in the patent document with application number 2023213353171.

[0041] The specific detection steps are as follows:

[0042] Step 1: Detection of the carbon skateboard in the X-axis direction

[0043] X-axis left compensation

[0044] S11, start judgment

[0045] If the maximum difference between the Z-axis coordinates of the points corresponding to position A1 and position O1 and / or the maximum difference between the Z-axis coordinates of the points corresponding to position A2 and position O2 is greater than the first threshold, it is necessary to perform X-axis left compensation;

[0046] S12. Execution Compensation

[0047] The coordinates (x, z) of the points corresponding to the positions of O1A1 / O2A2 are used to fit the straight line OA. The coordinates (x, z) of the points corresponding to the positions of O1A1 and O2A2 are used to fit the straight lines O1A1 and O2A2, respectively. The expression can be recorded as z=kx+b. The slope and intercept corresponding to the straight lines O1A1 and O2A2 are calculated and their average values ​​are taken as the slope and intercept of the straight line OA. Of course, considering that the change trends on both sides of the X-axis of the carbon skateboard are consistent, only the straight line O1A1 or the straight line O2A2 can be calculated as the left part of the straight line OA, i.e., the first straight line.

[0048] Then, the Z-axis coordinate of the left part of the X-axis of the carbon slide board is compensated by the coordinate of the point where the straight line OA is located, that is, the corresponding coordinate z value on the straight line OA is queried by the above method with the coordinate x value of the left part of the X-axis in the three-dimensional data of the carbon slide board, so as to compensate the corresponding coordinate z value in the three-dimensional data of the carbon slide board;

[0049] The compensation on the right side of the X-axis is similar to the compensation on the left side of the X-axis.

[0050] S11′, start judgment

[0051] If the maximum difference between the Z-axis coordinates of the points corresponding to position B1 and position O1 and / or the maximum difference between the Z-axis coordinates of the points corresponding to position B2 and position O2 is greater than the first threshold, it is necessary to perform X-axis right compensation;

[0052] S12′, Execution Compensation

[0053] The coordinates (x, z) of the points corresponding to the positions of O1B1 / O2B2 are used to fit the straight line OB. The coordinates (x, z) of the points corresponding to the positions of O1B1 and O2B2 are used to fit the straight lines O1B1 and O2B2 respectively. The slopes and intercepts corresponding to the straight lines O1B1 and O2B2 are calculated and their average values ​​are taken as the slope and intercept of the straight line OB. Of course, considering that the change trends on both sides of the X-axis of the carbon skateboard are consistent, only the straight line O1B1 or the straight line O2B2 can be calculated as the right part of the straight line OB, i.e., the first straight line;

[0054] Then, the Z-axis coordinate of the right part of the X-axis of the carbon slide board is compensated by the coordinate of the point where the straight line OB is located, that is, the corresponding coordinate z value on the straight line OB is queried by the above method with the coordinate x value of the right part of the X-axis in the three-dimensional data of the carbon slide board, so as to compensate the corresponding coordinate z value in the three-dimensional data of the carbon slide board;

[0055] Step 2: Y-axis side compensation

[0056] S21, start judgment

[0057] If at least one of the maximum difference in Z-axis coordinates of the points corresponding to positions O1 and O2, the maximum difference in Z-axis coordinates of the points corresponding to positions A1 and A2, and the maximum difference in Z-axis coordinates of the points corresponding to positions B1 and B2 is greater than the second threshold, Y-axis side compensation needs to be performed.

[0058] S22. Execution Compensation

[0059] The coordinates (y, z) of the points corresponding to the positions of O1O2 / A1A2 / B1B2 are used to fit the straight line OO′, that is, the coordinates (y, z) of the points corresponding to the positions of O1O2, A1A2 and B1B2 are used to fit the straight lines O1O2, A1A2 and B1B2 respectively, and the slopes and intercepts corresponding to the straight lines O1O2, A1A2 and B1B2 are calculated and their average values ​​are taken as the slope and intercept of the straight line OO′. Of course, considering that the changing trends of different positions on the Y-axis side of the carbon skateboard are consistent, only the straight line O1O2, A1A2 or B1B2 can be calculated as the straight line OO′, that is, the second straight line;

[0060] Then, the Z-axis coordinate of the Y-axis side part of the carbon skateboard is compensated again using the coordinate of the point where the straight line OO′ is located. That is, the above method is used to query the corresponding coordinate z value on the straight line OO′ with the coordinate y value of the Y-axis side part in the three-dimensional data of the carbon skateboard, so as to compensate the corresponding coordinate z value in the three-dimensional data of the carbon skateboard.

[0061] In order to verify the feasibility of the calibration detection method of the present invention, the existing wear measurement method, i.e., the method without posting the calibration sheet, is used for comparison with the present invention. The measurement results are shown in the figure. Figure 3 As shown in the figure, the measurement results of the centerline position in the length direction of the carbon skateboard to be tested are displayed. It can be seen from the figure that the measurement results of the positions on both sides of the carbon skateboard are quite different, while the difference in the middle position is relatively small, indicating that the bottom surfaces on both sides of the carbon skateboard are deformed. Therefore, the calibration detection method of the present invention will use the plane where the calibration block is located, that is, the actual plane where the bottom surface of the carbon skateboard is located, as the measurement reference, rather than the three-dimensional model of the carbon skateboard in the prior art as the measurement reference, which fully considers the deformation influence of the bottom surface of the carbon skateboard, and the measurement result can truly reflect the wear of the carbon skateboard itself with high accuracy.

[0062] Although specific embodiments of the present invention are described above, those skilled in the art should understand that these are merely examples and that various changes or modifications may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and essence of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention is limited by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A calibration detection method for rail transit carbon slide wear, characterized in that: A plurality of calibration plates are evenly spaced along the length direction of the bottom surface of the carbon slide board. Each of the calibration plates is affixed along the width direction of the carbon slide board and both ends are exposed outside the carbon slide board. A laser detection device is used to perform laser scanning along the length direction of the carbon slide board to obtain the three-dimensional data of the surface of the carbon slide board and the exposed external parts of each calibration plate. The three-dimensional data of the calibration plate is used to compensate the three-dimensional data of the carbon slide board to obtain accurate wear conditions of the carbon slide board.

2. The calibration detection method for rail transit carbon slide wear according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A three-dimensional coordinate system is constructed with the center point of the carbon skateboard as the origin, the length direction as the X-axis direction, the width direction as the Y-axis direction, and the direction perpendicular to the XOY plane as the Z-axis direction; The first straight line corresponding to the carbon slide board in the length direction is obtained by fitting the coordinates (x, z) of the corresponding points of all calibration sheets, and then the coordinate x value in the three-dimensional data of the carbon slide board is used to query the corresponding coordinate z value on the first straight line, so as to compensate the corresponding coordinate z value in the three-dimensional data of the carbon slide board; The coordinates (y, z) of all the corresponding points on the calibration sheet are fitted to obtain the second straight line corresponding to the carbon skateboard in the width direction, and then the coordinate y value in the three-dimensional data of the carbon skateboard is used to query the corresponding coordinate z value on the second straight line, so as to compensate the corresponding coordinate z value in the three-dimensional data of the carbon skateboard again.

3. The calibration detection method for rail transit carbon slide wear according to claim 2 is characterized in that: If the maximum difference of the Z-axis coordinates of the corresponding points of the calibration sheet along the length direction of the carbon slide plate is greater than the first threshold, it is necessary to perform the first straight line fitting; If the maximum difference of the Z-axis coordinates of the corresponding points of the calibration sheet along the width direction of the carbon slide plate is greater than the second threshold, it is necessary to perform a second straight line fitting.

4. The calibration detection method for rail transit carbon slide wear according to claim 3 is characterized in that: A calibration sheet is posted at the central position O of the carbon slide plate and at positions A and B at the same distance from the central position O on both sides, and their exposed parts are marked as O1, O2, A1, A2 and B1, B2 respectively; The coordinates (x, z) of the points corresponding to the positions of O1A1 / O2A2 are used to fit the straight line OA, and the coordinates of the points where the straight line OA is located are used to compensate the Z-axis coordinates of the left part of the X-axis of the carbon slide board; The coordinates (x, z) of the points corresponding to the positions of O1B1 / O2B2 are used to fit the straight line OB, and the coordinates of the points where the straight line OB is located are used to compensate the Z-axis coordinates of the right side of the X-axis of the carbon slide board; The straight line OO′ is obtained by fitting the coordinates (y, z) of the points corresponding to the positions of O1O2 / A1A2 / B1B2, and the Z-axis coordinates of the Y-axis side of the carbon slide board are compensated again by the coordinates of the points where the straight line OO′ is located.

5. The calibration detection method for rail transit carbon slide wear according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The coordinates (x, z) of the points corresponding to the positions of O1A1 and O2A2 are used to fit the straight lines O1A1 and O2A2, respectively. The slopes corresponding to the straight lines O1A1 and O2A2 are calculated and their average values ​​are taken as the slope of the straight line OA. The coordinates (x, z) of the points corresponding to the positions of O1B1 and O2B2 are used to fit the straight lines O1B1 and O2B2, respectively. The slopes corresponding to the straight lines O1B1 and O2B2 are calculated and their average value is taken as the slope of the straight line OB. The coordinates (y, z) of the corresponding points at the positions O1O2, A1A2 and B1B2 are used to fit the straight lines O1O2, A1A2 and B1B2 respectively. The slopes corresponding to the straight lines O1O2, A1A2 and B1B2 are calculated and their average value is taken as the slope of the straight line OO′.

6. The calibration detection method for rail transit carbon slide wear according to claim 4 is characterized in that: If the difference between the Z-axis coordinates of the points corresponding to position A1 and position O1 and / or the difference between the Z-axis coordinates of the points corresponding to position A2 and position O2 is greater than a first threshold, it is necessary to perform straight line OA fitting; If the difference between the Z-axis coordinates of the points corresponding to position B1 and position O1 and / or the difference between the Z-axis coordinates of the points corresponding to position B2 and position O2 is greater than the first threshold, it is necessary to perform straight line OB fitting; If at least one of the difference in Z-axis coordinates between the points corresponding to position O1 and position O2, the difference in Z-axis coordinates between the points corresponding to position A1 and position A2, and the difference in Z-axis coordinates between the points corresponding to position B1 and position B2 is greater than the second threshold, it is necessary to perform straight line OO′ fitting.

7. The calibration detection method for rail transit carbon slide wear according to claim 1 is characterized in that: When the laser detection device is used for laser scanning, the laser acquisition module is always located at the center of the carbon slide plate in the width direction.

8. The calibration detection method for rail transit carbon slide wear according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The size of the exposed part at the end of each calibration piece is the same.

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