An outer ring rotating bearing testing machine and a testing method thereof

Abstract

A test machine for an outer ring rotating bearing and a test method thereof relate to the technical field of bearing detection, comprising a spindle box and a test seat fixed on a base plate, an electric spindle in the spindle box being fixedly connected to one end of a test shaft in the test seat, and the test shaft being arranged in the test seat; outer bushings are fixed on both sides between the seat body and the upper cover, an axial loading body is embedded in the outer bushing on the left side, an axial bearing body is embedded in the outer bushing on the right side, a left end cover for limiting the axial loading body is arranged on the left end face of the outer bushing on the left side, a right end cover is connected to the step hole at the right end of the axial bearing body, test bearings are arranged on the reduced diameter sections on the right side of the axial loading body and on the reduced diameter sections on the left side of the axial bearing body, a conversion sleeve connected to the test shaft is arranged on the outer ring of the test bearing, and a radial loading assembly is arranged on the left outside of the test shaft; the present invention is simple and compact, and can fully and truly simulate the actual working conditions while the outer ring of the bearing rotates.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of bearing detection, and in particular to an outer ring rotating bearing testing machine and a testing method thereof. Background Art

[0002] As is known, rolling bearings, as an important basic component, are widely used in various mechanical equipment. The quality of rolling bearings directly affects the performance of the corresponding mechanical equipment. Therefore, in the production of bearings, it is usually necessary to fully simulate the actual working conditions to test the reliability and durability of bearings under various conditions. Most of the test bearings of existing bearing testing machines have inner rings that rotate and outer rings that remain stationary. However, there is a problem that the actual working conditions cannot be fully simulated for the bearing outer ring rotation test machine. For example, the application number is 201710131908.X, and the invention name is a bearing outer ring rotation test machine. The disclosed test bearing is installed on a load shaft, and the load shaft is installed on two bearing seats and remains stationary. In the actual working state, the test bearing uses a driving sleeve mounted on the load shaft as a rotating part, so that the outer ring of the test bearing can rotate while the inner ring is fixed on the load shaft. Secondly, a radial force is applied to the load shaft through a loading device to simulate the radial load on the test bearing in actual working conditions. Although the above technology achieves the purpose of rotating the outer ring of the bearing, the test machine cannot load the axial load, and the test machine cannot complete high-speed tests through the transmission method of the motor-driven pulley. Therefore, it is a basic demand of technical personnel in this field to propose a test machine that can simultaneously load radial force and axial force for the working condition of the bearing outer ring rotation and truly simulate its actual working condition. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to overcome the deficiencies in the background technology, the present invention discloses an outer ring rotating bearing testing machine and a testing method thereof.

[0004] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:

[0005] An outer ring rotating bearing testing machine comprises a spindle box and a test seat fixed on a base plate, an electric spindle in the spindle box is fixedly connected to one end of a test shaft in the test seat, the test seat comprises a seat body and an upper cover which are detachably connected, and the test shaft is arranged in a cavity between the seat body and the upper cover; outer bushings are fixed on both sides between the seat body and the upper cover, an axial loading body is embedded in the outer bushing located on the left side, and an axial bearing body is embedded in the outer bushing located on the right side, a left end cover for limiting the axial loading body is arranged on the left end face of the outer bushing on the left side, a right end cover is connected to the step hole at the right end of the axial bearing body, test bearings are arranged on the reduced diameter sections on the right side of the axial loading body and on the reduced diameter sections on the left side of the axial bearing body, a conversion sleeve connected to the test shaft is arranged on the outer ring of the test bearing, and a radial loading assembly is arranged on the left outside of the test shaft.

[0006] The outer ring rotating bearing testing machine described above has a test shaft that is a stepped shaft, including a first stage, a second stage, a third stage and a fourth stage that are arranged in sequence from left to right. The diameter of the second stage is larger than the diameters of the first stage, the third stage and the fourth stage. The first stage and the third stage have the same diameter and are located on both sides of the second stage respectively. The fourth stage is located on the right side of the third stage and has a diameter smaller than that of the third stage. A radial loading assembly is installed on the outside of the second stage. The inner holes of the conversion sleeves are all set as stepped holes, and the outer cylindrical surfaces are step annular surfaces. The large diameter holes of the stepped holes are matched with the outer rings of the test bearings, and the small diameter holes of the stepped holes are fixed on the first stage and the third stage respectively. After the fourth stage is penetrated by the axial bearing body and the right end cover in sequence, it is fixedly connected to the electric spindle through a flange, and the axial bearing body and the right end cover are matched with the fourth stage with a small clearance.

[0007] The outer ring rotating bearing testing machine is provided with corresponding keyways on the first stage, the third stage and the small diameter hole of the conversion sleeve. The first stage and the third stage are respectively fixedly connected to the conversion sleeve through the flat keys in the keyways.

[0008] The outer ring rotating bearing testing machine has a plurality of holes on the upper cover for inserting sensors.

[0009] In the outer ring rotating bearing testing machine, the axial bearing body is fixedly connected to the outer bushing on the right side and the right end cover through connecting bolts B and connecting bolts A respectively.

[0010] The outer ring rotating bearing testing machine described above, the radial loading assembly includes a loading sleeve and a deep groove ball bearing, deep groove ball bearings are arranged in the step holes on both sides of the loading sleeve, and pressure covers connected by fixing bolts are arranged on the outside of the two end surfaces of the loading sleeve, and the pressure covers are respectively pressed on the outer cylindrical surface of the outer ring of the deep groove ball bearing, the inner cylindrical surface of the outer ring of the deep groove ball bearing is arranged on the small diameter section of the step annular surface of the conversion sleeve, and the inner cylindrical surface of the inner ring of the deep groove ball bearing is arranged on the diameter section of the second stage of the test shaft.

[0011] The outer ring rotating bearing testing machine is provided with a concave semi-circular surface on the side of the upper cover and the seat body, and the semi-circular surface forms a through hole structure corresponding to the upper and lower parts. A radial loading body is provided in the through hole. The radial loading body includes a sleeve and a loading shaft. The sleeve is fixed in the through hole, and the loading shaft is slidably arranged in the through hole. The loading shaft is loaded with radial pressure through a loading cylinder in an external radial direction.

[0012] The outer ring rotating bearing testing machine has through holes for inserting sensors on the outer end surfaces of the axial loading body and the axial bearing body, which are used to detect the bearing temperatures of the two test bearings respectively.

[0013] In the outer ring rotating bearing testing machine, the axial loading body is loaded with axial pressure via a loading cylinder in an external axial direction.

[0014] A test method for an outer ring rotating bearing testing machine specifically comprises the following steps:

[0015] (1) The electric spindle provides the speed required for the test, driving the test shaft to rotate. The test shaft drives the two conversion sleeves to rotate through the flat key, thereby transmitting the speed to the outer ring of the test bearing, causing the outer ring of the test bearing to rotate;

[0016] (2) During axial loading, the external axial loading cylinder provides the axial force required for the test. The output end of the loading cylinder loads the axial force onto the test bearing on the left through the axial loading body and the conversion sleeve on the left. The axial force is then transmitted to the test shaft through the conversion sleeve on the left. The test shaft transmits the axial force to the test bearing on the right through the conversion sleeve on the right. Finally, the axial force is transmitted to the adjacent outer bushing through the axial bearing body, and the outer bushing is used as a support.

[0017] (3) During radial loading, the loading cylinder in the external radial direction provides the radial force required for the test. The output end of the loading cylinder applies radial force to the loading shaft of the radial loading body. The loading shaft transmits the radial force to the radial loading assembly, the test shaft, and the conversion sleeves on both sides in turn, loading the radial force onto the two test bearings.

[0018] Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] The outer ring rotating bearing testing machine and testing method described in the present invention drive the test shaft to rotate through the electric spindle, and the test shaft drives the outer ring of the test bearing to rotate through the conversion sleeve connected with a flat key. At the same time, the radial force is loaded on the radial loading component, and the radial force is transmitted to the test bearing through the test shaft, and the axial force is loaded on the axial loading body and transmitted to the test bearing through the conversion sleeve on one side, and then the axial force is transmitted to the other test bearing by the test shaft connected thereto. The present invention has a simple and compact structure, and can fully and truly simulate the actual working conditions while the outer ring of the bearing rotates. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 3 It is a transmission connection schematic diagram of the test shaft of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the explosion structure of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the radial loading assembly of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the test shaft of the present invention.

[0026] In the figure: 1. seat body; 2. upper cover; 3. axial load body; 4. radial load body; 5. electric spindle; 6. vibration sensor; 7. left end cover; 8. radial load assembly; 9. test bearing; 10. conversion sleeve; 11. axial load body; 12. right end cover; 13. test shaft; 14. connecting bolt A; 15. flat key; 16. outer bushing; 17. connecting bolt B; 18. first stage; 19. second stage; 20. third stage; 21. fourth stage; 22. deep groove ball bearing; 23. loading sleeve; 24. pressure cover; 25. fixing bolt. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The present invention can be explained in detail by the following examples, and the purpose of disclosing the present invention is to protect all technical improvements within the scope of the present invention.

[0028] Combined with Figure 1-6 The outer ring rotating bearing testing machine comprises a spindle box and a test seat fixed on a base plate, the electric spindle 5 in the spindle box is fixedly connected to one end of a test shaft 13 in the test seat, the test seat comprises a detachably connected seat body 1 and an upper cover 2, the test shaft 13 is arranged in a cavity between the seat body 1 and the upper cover 2; outer bushings 16 are fixed on both sides between the seat body 1 and the upper cover 2, an axial load body 3 is embedded in the outer bushing 16 on the left side, an axial bearing body 11 is embedded in the outer bushing 16 on the right side, and a limit for the axial load body 3 is arranged on the left end face of the outer bushing 16 on the left side. The left end cover 7 is connected with the right end cover 12 in the stepped hole at the right end of the axial bearing body 11. The axial bearing body 11 is fixedly connected with the outer bushing 16 and the right end cover 12 on the right side through the connecting bolts B17 and A14 respectively. The reduced diameter section on the right side of the axial loading body 3 and the reduced diameter section on the left side of the axial loading body 11 are provided with test bearings 9. The outer ring of the test bearing 9 is provided with a conversion sleeve 10 connected with the test shaft 13. The axial loading body 3 is loaded with axial pressure through a loading cylinder in the external axial direction. A radial loading component 8 is provided on the left side of the test shaft 13.

[0029] During operation, the spindle box supports the electric spindle 5 . The rotation speed of the electric spindle 5 is adjustable. When the test shaft 13 is driven to rotate, the test shaft 13 drives the two conversion sleeves 10 to rotate, thereby driving the outer ring of the test bearing 9 to rotate.

[0030] Furthermore, the test shaft 13 is a stepped shaft, including a first stage 18, a second stage 19, a third stage 20 and a fourth stage 21 arranged from left to right, the diameter of the second stage 19 is larger than the diameters of the first stage 18, the third stage 20 and the fourth stage 21, the first stage 18 and the third stage 20 have the same diameter and are respectively located on both sides of the second stage 19, the fourth stage 21 is located on the right side of the third stage 20, and its diameter is smaller than that of the third stage 20, and a radial loading assembly 8 is installed on the outside of the second stage 19; the inner holes of the conversion sleeve 10 are all set as stepped holes The outer cylindrical surface is a step annular surface, the large diameter holes of the step holes are matched with the outer ring surface of the test bearing 9, and the small diameter holes of the step holes are fixed on the first stage 18 and the third stage 20 respectively. After the fourth stage 21 is successively penetrated by the axial bearing body 11 and the right end cover 12, it is fixedly connected with the electric spindle 5 through a flange, and the axial bearing body 11 and the right end cover 12 are matched with the fourth stage 21 with a small gap; corresponding keyways are provided on the small diameter holes of the first stage 18, the third stage 20 and the conversion sleeve 10, and the first stage 18 and the third stage 20 are fixedly connected with the conversion sleeve 10 through the flat key 15 in the keyway;

[0031] The test shaft 13 is mainly used to connect the radial loading assembly 8 and the two conversion sleeves 10 to transmit the rotational transmission to the outer rings of the two test bearings 9. The axial bearing body 11 and the right end cover 12 are both matched with a small clearance of the fourth stage 21 of the test shaft 13, so that when the test shaft 13 rotates, the axial bearing body 11 and the right end cover 12 do not rotate.

[0032] Furthermore, a plurality of through holes for inserting sensors are provided on the upper cover 2, as shown in the attached Figure 1-2 As shown, three sensor holes are opened on the upper part of the upper cover 2, and vibration sensors 6 are respectively fixed in the three sensor holes for feeding back vibration data generated by the test machine during the test; the three vibration sensors 6 are respectively passed through the upper cover and set in the sockets on the two outer bushings 16 and the loading sleeve 23.

[0033] Furthermore, the radial loading assembly 8 includes a loading sleeve 23 and a deep groove ball bearing 22. The deep groove ball bearings 22 are arranged in the step holes on both sides of the loading sleeve 23. Pressure covers 24 connected by fixing bolts 25 are arranged on the outside of the two end surfaces of the loading sleeve 23. The pressure covers 24 are respectively pressed on the outer circumferential surface of the outer ring of the deep groove ball bearing 22. The inner circumferential surface of the outer ring of the deep groove ball bearing 22 is arranged on the small diameter section of the step annular surface of the conversion sleeve 10. The inner circumferential surface of the inner ring of the deep groove ball bearing 22 is arranged on the diameter section of the second stage 19 of the test shaft 13; on the side of the upper cover 2 and the seat body 1 A concave semicircular surface is provided, and a through-hole structure is formed correspondingly above and below the semicircular surface. A radial loading body 4 is provided in the through-hole. The radial loading body 4 includes a sliding sleeve and a loading shaft. The sliding sleeve is fixed in the through-hole, and the loading shaft is slidably arranged in the through-hole. The loading shaft is loaded with radial pressure through a loading cylinder in an external radial direction. The radial loading body 4 applies radial force through a loading cylinder in an external radial direction, and the loading shaft of the radial loading body 4 transmits the radial force to the radial loading assembly 8, the test shaft 13, and the conversion sleeves 10 on both sides in sequence, and finally loads the radial force to the two test bearings 9.

[0034] Furthermore, through holes for inserting sensors are provided on the outer end surfaces of the axial loading body 3 and the axial bearing body 11, which are respectively used to detect the bearing temperatures of the two test bearings 9.

[0035] A test method for an outer ring rotating bearing testing machine specifically comprises the following steps:

[0036] (1) The electric spindle 5 provides the speed required for the test, driving the test shaft 13 to rotate. The test shaft 13 drives the two conversion sleeves 10 to rotate through the flat key 15, thereby transmitting the speed to the outer ring of the test bearing 9, causing the outer ring of the test bearing 9 to rotate;

[0037] (2) During axial loading, the external axial loading cylinder provides the axial force required for the test. The output end of the loading cylinder loads the axial force onto the test bearing 9 on the left through the axial loading body 3 and the conversion sleeve 10. The axial force is then transmitted to the test shaft 13 through the conversion sleeve 10 on the left. The test shaft 13 transmits the axial force to the test bearing 9 on the right through the conversion sleeve 10 on the right. Finally, the axial force is transmitted to the adjacent outer bushing 16 through the axial bearing body 11, and the outer bushing 16 is used as a support.

[0038] (3) During radial loading, the loading cylinder in the external radial direction provides the radial force required for the test. The output end of the loading cylinder applies radial force to the loading shaft of the radial loading body 4. The loading shaft transmits the radial force to the radial loading assembly 8, the test shaft 13, and the conversion sleeves 10 on both sides in sequence, and loads the radial force onto the two test bearings 9.

[0039] The parts not described in detail in this invention are prior art.

[0040] The embodiments selected herein for the purpose of disclosing the invention are currently considered to be suitable, but it should be understood that the invention is intended to include all changes and modifications of the embodiments that fall within the scope of the concept and invention.

Claims

1. An outer ring rotating bearing testing machine, comprising a spindle box and a test seat fixed on a base plate, characterized in that: The electric spindle in the spindle box is fixedly connected to one end of the test shaft in the test seat, and the test seat includes a detachably connected seat body and an upper cover, and the test shaft is arranged in a cavity between the seat body and the upper cover; outer bushings are fixed on both sides between the seat body and the upper cover, an axial loading body is embedded in the outer bushing located on the left side, and an axial bearing body is embedded in the outer bushing located on the right side, a left end cover for limiting the axial loading body is arranged on the left end face of the outer bushing on the left side, a right end cover is connected to the step hole at the right end of the axial bearing body, test bearings are arranged on the reduced diameter section on the right side of the axial loading body and on the reduced diameter section on the left side of the axial bearing body, a conversion sleeve connected to the test shaft is arranged on the outer ring of the test bearing, and a radial loading assembly is arranged on the left side of the test shaft; The test shaft is a stepped shaft, including the first stage, the second stage, the third stage and the fourth stage which are arranged from left to right in sequence. The diameter of the second stage is larger than the diameters of the first stage, the third stage and the fourth stage. The diameters of the first stage and the third stage are the same and are respectively located on both sides of the second stage. The fourth stage is located on the right side of the third stage and has a diameter smaller than that of the third stage. A radial loading component is installed on the outside of the second stage. The inner holes of the conversion sleeves are all set as stepped holes, and the outer cylindrical surfaces are step annular surfaces. The large diameter holes of the stepped holes are matched with the outer rings of the test bearings, and the small diameter holes of the stepped holes are respectively fixed on the first stage and the third stage. After the fourth stage is successively penetrated by the axial bearing body and the right end cover, it is fixedly connected with the electric spindle through a flange, and the axial bearing body and the right end cover are matched with the fourth stage with a small clearance. Corresponding keyways are arranged on the small diameter holes of the first stage, the third stage and the conversion sleeve, and the first stage, the third stage and the conversion sleeve are fixedly connected with the conversion sleeve respectively through the flat keys in the keyways.

2. The outer ring rotating bearing testing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper cover is provided with a plurality of through holes for inserting sensors.

3. The outer ring rotating bearing testing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The axial bearing body is fixedly connected to the outer bushing on the right side and the right end cover through connecting bolts B and connecting bolts A respectively.

4. The outer ring rotating bearing testing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The radial loading assembly includes a loading sleeve and a deep groove ball bearing. Deep groove ball bearings are arranged in the step holes on both sides of the loading sleeve. Pressure covers connected by fixing bolts are arranged on the outside of the two end surfaces of the loading sleeve. The pressure covers are respectively pressed on the outer cylindrical surface of the outer ring of the deep groove ball bearing. The inner cylindrical surface of the outer ring of the deep groove ball bearing is arranged on the small diameter section of the step annular surface of the conversion sleeve, and the inner cylindrical surface of the inner ring of the deep groove ball bearing is arranged on the diameter section of the second stage of the test shaft.

5. The outer ring rotating bearing testing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: A concave semicircular surface is provided on the side of the upper cover and the seat body, and a through-hole structure is formed correspondingly above and below the semicircular surface. A radial loading body is provided in the through-hole. The radial loading body includes a sliding sleeve and a loading shaft. The sliding sleeve is fixed in the through-hole, and the loading shaft is slidably arranged in the through-hole. The loading shaft is loaded with radial pressure through a loading cylinder in an external radial direction.

6. The outer ring rotating bearing testing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer end surfaces of the axial loading body and the axial bearing body are provided with through holes for inserting sensors, which are respectively used to detect the bearing temperatures of the two test bearings.

7. The outer ring rotating bearing testing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The axial loading body is loaded with axial pressure through a loading cylinder in an external axial direction.

8. The test method of the outer ring rotating bearing tester according to any one of claims 1 to 7, specifically comprising the following steps: (1) The electric spindle provides the speed required for the test, driving the test shaft to rotate. The test shaft drives the two conversion sleeves to rotate through the flat key, thereby transmitting the speed to the outer ring of the test bearing, causing the outer ring of the test bearing to rotate; (2) During axial loading, the external axial loading cylinder provides the axial force required for the test. The output end of the loading cylinder loads the axial force onto the test bearing on the left through the axial loading body and the conversion sleeve on the left. The axial force is then transmitted to the test shaft through the conversion sleeve on the left. The test shaft transmits the axial force to the test bearing on the right through the conversion sleeve on the right. Finally, the axial force is transmitted to the adjacent outer bushing through the axial bearing body, and the outer bushing is used as a support. (3) During radial loading, the loading cylinder in the external radial direction provides the radial force required for the test. The output end of the loading cylinder applies radial force to the loading shaft of the radial loading body. The loading shaft transmits the radial force to the radial loading assembly, the test shaft, and the conversion sleeves on both sides in turn, loading the radial force onto the two test bearings.

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