Metamaterial antenna simulation design method
By equivalently equating the metamaterial unit to a uniform flat plate structure, the simulation calculation is simplified, and the problem of large resource consumption of metamaterial antenna simulation design is solved, and the simulation efficiency and speed are improved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411324727.5
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-09-23
- Publication Date
- 2024-12-27
AI Technical Summary
Existing metamaterial antenna simulation designs require a lot of computing resources and time, resulting in waste of resources and inefficiency.
By establishing the equivalent structure of metamaterial units, using the equivalent electromagnetic parameter extraction model to simplify the complex metamaterial units into a uniform flat structure, reducing the amount of simulation calculation, and using equivalent structure to replace metamaterial units for simulation design.
It saves the cost of metamaterial antenna simulation modeling, improves the efficiency of simulation modeling, reduces the consumption of computing resources, and significantly speeds up the simulation speed.
Smart Images
Figure CN119203560A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present application belongs to the field of radio frequency antenna technology, and more specifically, relates to a metamaterial antenna simulation design method. Background Art
[0002] With the rapid development of the material field, metamaterials are widely used in the electromagnetic field because of their excellent properties that many ordinary materials do not have. Most metamaterials are composed of metals and dielectrics. Their electromagnetic scattering properties can be controlled through macro-scale design. It is precisely because of this feature that metamaterials appear more and more frequently in traditional antenna design.
[0003] In actual engineering, due to the complexity of the electromagnetic surface structure of artificial metamaterials, electromagnetic modeling simulation requires large simulation computing resources and long simulation computing time. Such shortcomings result in the metamaterial antenna simulation design requiring a lot of resources and time. Summary of the invention
[0004] In view of the above defects or improvement needs of the prior art, the present application provides a metamaterial antenna simulation design method, which aims to solve the technical problem that the existing metamaterial antenna simulation design requires a large amount of computing resources.
[0005] To achieve the above objectives, in a first aspect, the present application provides a metamaterial antenna simulation design method, comprising the following steps:
[0006] Establishing a metamaterial unit, and simulating the metamaterial unit according to required performance to obtain a reflection coefficient R and a transmission coefficient T of the metamaterial unit;
[0007] Substituting the reflection coefficient R and the transmission coefficient T into the metamaterial equivalent electromagnetic parameter extraction model to derive the equivalent electromagnetic parameters of the metamaterial unit;
[0008] Establishing an equivalent structure of the metamaterial unit and assigning the equivalent electromagnetic parameters to the equivalent structure;
[0009] The equivalent structure is used to replace the metamaterial unit and loaded into the antenna to perform simulation design of the metamaterial antenna.
[0010] Preferably, the equivalent electromagnetic parameters are obtained according to the following formula:
[0011]
[0012] Among them, ε eff is the equivalent dielectric constant, μ eff is the equivalent magnetic permeability; d t is the thickness of the equivalent structure; is the surface electric polarizability in the y direction Or the surface electric polarization in the x direction Surface magnetic polarizability Or the surface magnetic polarizability in the y direction
[0013] Preferably, the reflection coefficient R and the transmission coefficient T are substituted into the following formula to derive the surface polarizability in the x and y directions: And the surface magnetic polarizability in the x and y directions
[0014]
[0015] Among them, R TM (0) and T TM (0) is the reflection coefficient R and transmission coefficient T obtained by TM polarized wave vertical incidence simulation; R TE (0) and the transmission coefficient T TE (0) is the reflection coefficient R and transmission coefficient T obtained by the simulation of TE polarized wave at vertical incidence; k0 is the wave number in free space; j is the imaginary unit.
[0016] Preferably, in the equivalent electromagnetic parameter extraction model shown, the metamaterial unit is regarded as a structure with zero y direction.
[0017] Preferably, an equivalent structure of the metamaterial unit is established, specifically: a structure with uniform material and the same size as the metamaterial unit is established as the equivalent structure.
[0018] In a second aspect, the present application provides a metamaterial antenna simulation design system, comprising the following parts:
[0019] A simulation module, used to establish a metamaterial unit, and simulate the metamaterial unit according to the required performance to obtain the reflection coefficient R and the transmission coefficient T of the metamaterial unit;
[0020] An equivalent parameter extraction module, used for substituting the reflection coefficient R and the transmission coefficient T into a metamaterial equivalent electromagnetic parameter extraction model to derive equivalent electromagnetic parameters of the metamaterial unit;
[0021] An equivalent structure establishment module, used to establish an equivalent structure of a metamaterial unit and assign the equivalent electromagnetic parameters to the equivalent structure;
[0022] The metamaterial antenna simulation module is used to use the equivalent structure to replace the metamaterial unit and load it into the antenna to perform simulation design of the metamaterial antenna.
[0023] In a third aspect, the present application provides an electronic device, comprising: a memory for storing programs; a processor for executing the programs stored in the memory, when the program stored in the memory is executed, the processor is used to execute the method described in the first aspect or any possible implementation of the first aspect.
[0024] In a fourth aspect, the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, which stores a computer program. When the computer program runs on a processor, the processor executes the method described in the first aspect or any possible implementation of the first aspect.
[0025] In a fifth aspect, the present application provides a computer program product. When the computer program product runs on a processor, the processor executes the method described in the first aspect or any possible implementation of the first aspect.
[0026] In general, the above technical solutions conceived by this application have the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:
[0027] The simulation design method of the metamaterial antenna of the present application adopts an equivalent electromagnetic parameter extraction model to simplify and equate the metamaterial units to be loaded, thereby equating the complex metamaterial units in the metamaterial antenna to a combination of uniform flat plate structures. The simulation design method of the present application avoids the generation of extremely fine grids in metamaterials with partial sub-wavelength thickness, which leads to a huge amount of calculation, thereby saving the simulation modeling cost of the metamaterial antenna, improving the simulation modeling cost efficiency of the metamaterial antenna, and saving computer resources. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0028] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of the metamaterial antenna simulation design method provided in an embodiment of the present application.
[0029] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the simulation structure of the metamaterial unit and equivalent structure provided in the embodiment of the present application.
[0030] Figure 3 This is a graph showing the variation of equivalent electromagnetic parameters with frequency provided in an embodiment of the present application.
[0031] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the monopole antenna model and simulation results provided in the embodiment of the present application.
[0032] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of an antenna model loaded with a metamaterial unit and its simulation results provided in an embodiment of the present application.
[0033] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of an antenna model with a loaded equivalent structure and its simulation results provided in an embodiment of the present application.
[0034] Figure 7 This is a comparison diagram of the gain directions of a metamaterial unit antenna and an equivalent structure antenna at 3.5 GHz provided in an embodiment of the present application.
[0035] Figure 8This is a comparison diagram of the gain directions of a metamaterial unit antenna and an equivalent structure antenna at 4 GHz provided in an embodiment of the present application.
[0036] Fig. 9 This is a gain direction comparison diagram of a metamaterial unit antenna and an equivalent structure antenna at 5 GHz provided in an embodiment of the present application.
[0037] Fig.10 This is a gain direction comparison diagram of a metamaterial unit antenna and an equivalent structure antenna at 5.6 GHz provided in an embodiment of the present application.
[0038] Fig.11 An electronic device is provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0039] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present application more clearly understood, the present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and are not used to limit the present application.
[0040] In the embodiments of the present application, words such as "exemplary" or "for example" are used to indicate examples, illustrations or descriptions. Any embodiment or design described as "exemplary" or "for example" in the embodiments of the present application should not be interpreted as being more preferred or more advantageous than other embodiments or designs. Specifically, the use of words such as "exemplary" or "for example" is intended to present related concepts in a specific way.
[0041] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "plurality" refers to two or more than two. For example, a plurality of computer instructions refers to two or more than two computer instructions, etc.
[0042] Next, the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application are introduced.
[0043] like Figure 1 As shown, a metamaterial antenna simulation design method according to an embodiment of the present application includes the following steps:
[0044] S1. Establish a metamaterial unit; determine the required performance, and simulate the metamaterial unit to obtain the reflection coefficient R and the transmission coefficient T of the metamaterial unit;
[0045] A unit model of the metamaterial unit is established, with a size of 4.5 mm × 4.5 mm × 1.6 mm. The model medium is FR-4 (a glass fiber reinforced epoxy resin substrate material), the dielectric constant εr = 4.4, and the magnetic permeability μr = 1.
[0046] The metamaterial unit is set in a cube waveguide environment with a side length of 4.5 mm for simulation. The boundary conditions of the cube waveguide environment model require that the upper and lower surfaces along the electric field direction be set as ideal electric walls, the front and rear surfaces along the magnetic field direction be set as ideal magnetic fields, and the left and right surfaces along the wave number k be set as wave port excitation. The original structure of the metamaterial unit is shown in the attached figure. Figure 2 The structure shown on the left in the figure. The parameters S11 corresponding to the metamaterial unit are calculated by commercial simulation software as follows: Figure 2 As shown in the Original. It can be seen from the figure that the metamaterial unit produces a resonance point at 5.34GHz.
[0047] S2. Substituting the reflection coefficient R and the transmission coefficient T into the metamaterial equivalent electromagnetic parameter extraction model, deriving the equivalent electromagnetic parameters (dielectric constant ε and equivalent magnetic permeability μ) of the metamaterial unit;
[0048] like Figure 3 The left side shows the curve of dielectric constant ε changing with frequency Freq (GHz); Figure 3 The right side shows the curve of equivalent magnetic permeability μ changing with frequency Freq (GHz); Figure 3 The dotted part is the real part real of the equivalent parameter, and the solid part is the imaginary part imag of the equivalent parameter.
[0049] Among them, the equivalent electromagnetic parameters derived using the equivalent electromagnetic parameter extraction model are specifically:
[0050] Reflection coefficient R and transmission coefficient T TM (0), T TM (0), R TE (0) and T TE (0) Substitute into the following formula to derive the surface polarizability in the x and y directions: And the surface magnetic polarizability in the x and y directions
[0051]
[0052]
[0053] Among them, the reflection coefficient R TM (0) and the transmission coefficient T TM (0) is the reflection coefficient R and transmission coefficient T obtained by TM polarized wave vertical incidence simulation; the reflection coefficient R TE (0) and the transmission coefficient T TE (0) is the reflection coefficient R and transmission coefficient T obtained by the simulation of TE polarized wave at vertical incidence; k0 is the wave number in free space; j is the imaginary unit.
[0054] Then the equivalent electromagnetic parameters are obtained according to the following formula:
[0055]
[0056] Among them, ε eff is the equivalent dielectric constant, μ eff is the equivalent magnetic permeability; d t is the thickness of the equivalent structure; is the surface electric polarizability in the y direction Or the surface electric polarization in the x direction Surface magnetic polarizability Or the surface magnetic polarizability in the y direction
[0057] S3, establishing an equivalent structure of the metamaterial unit, and assigning the equivalent electromagnetic parameters to the equivalent structure;
[0058] The equivalent structure is a flat plate structure with the same size and uniform material as the metamaterial unit. Figure 2 The right part of the figure. Equivalent electromagnetic parameters are assigned to the equivalent structure. Calculated by commercial simulation software, under the same simulation settings, the parameter S11 corresponding to the equivalent structure is as follows Figure 2 As shown in Equivalent.
[0059] Compare with Figure 2 The curve Original of the parameter S11 corresponding to the metamaterial unit and the curve Equivalent of the equivalent structure parameter S11 show that the equivalent structure and the metamaterial unit have consistent performance.
[0060] S4, loading the metamaterial unit and the equivalent structure into the antenna for simulation respectively; and verifying whether the simulation results are consistent;
[0061] In this embodiment, a monopole antenna is used to verify the consistency of the metamaterial unit and the equivalent structure. The top of the antenna is a rectangular radiating patch, and the medium is also FR-4. The simulation results of the structure and parameters of the original antenna S11 are shown in the figure. Figure 4 As shown, it can be seen that the antenna produces a resonance point around 3.58Ghz.
[0062] The metamaterial unit in step S1 is loaded into the monopole antenna, and the results of the structure and parameter S11 simulation are as follows: Figure 5 As shown, a second resonance point is generated near 5.5 GHz, achieving the dual-frequency purpose of the monopole antenna.
[0063] The equivalent structure in step S3 is loaded into the monopole antenna, and the simulation results of its structure and parameters S11 are as follows Figure 6 As shown, it can be seen that Figure 5Under the same simulation environment, the equivalent structure also produces a second resonance point near 5.5GHZ.
[0064] Comparison of the directional patterns of the antenna loaded with metamaterial unit and the antenna loaded with equivalent structure. Figure 7-10 As shown, Figure 7 This is a comparison chart of the gain direction of the antenna loaded with metamaterial unit and the antenna loaded with equivalent structure at 3.5Ghz. Figure 8 This is a comparison chart of the gain direction of the antenna loaded with metamaterial unit and the antenna loaded with equivalent structure at 4Ghz. Fig. 9 This is a comparison chart of the gain direction of the antenna loaded with metamaterial unit and the antenna loaded with equivalent structure at 5Ghz. Fig.10 This is a comparison chart of the gain direction of the antenna loaded with metamaterial unit and the antenna loaded with equivalent structure at 5.6Ghz.
[0065] Figure 7-10 In the figure, the gain pattern of the equivalent structure antenna is the Equivalent curve part, and the gain pattern of the metamaterial unit antenna is the Original curve part.
[0066] It can be seen that the antenna loaded with the equivalent structure not only achieves the dual-band purpose of the antenna, but also the radiation pattern is consistent with the antenna loaded with the metamaterial unit.
[0067] S5. The simulation results of the antenna loaded with equivalent structure and the antenna loaded with metamaterial unit are consistent.
[0068] S6, using the equivalent structure to replace the metamaterial and load it into the antenna to perform simulation design of the metamaterial antenna. After verifying its performance consistency, the equivalent structure can be used to design a large-scale metamaterial antenna model.
[0069] The above is the specific implementation process of the embodiment of the present application. The model of realizing the dual-frequency of the monopole antenna by loading the metamaterial established in the embodiment of the present application first determines the function to be realized by the metamaterial and designs the metamaterial. According to the principle of extracting equivalent electromagnetic parameters of metamaterials, the simplified equivalence of the metamaterial unit is realized, and the correctness of the equivalent structure is also verified in the loading comparison in the structure of the monopole antenna to determine that the equivalent structure can realize the specified function.
[0070] The metamaterial antenna simulation design method of the present application not only reduces the modeling difficulty of the metamaterial antenna, but also equates the complex metamaterial unit to a simple flat structure, thereby reducing the modeling time and speeding up the calculation speed, greatly improving the efficiency of the metamaterial antenna design simulation.
[0071] In addition, if the equivalent results are successfully verified, the equivalent structure can be used to simulate the large-scale model in the future. In a short time, it can be verified whether the required metamaterial unit can meet the preset functions after loading, which greatly saves the verification time of loading complex metamaterial units.
[0072] The present application also implements a metamaterial antenna simulation design system.
[0073] It should be understood that the above-mentioned system is used to execute the methods in the above-mentioned embodiments. The implementation principles and technical effects of the corresponding modules in the system are similar to those described in the above-mentioned methods. The working process of the system can refer to the corresponding process in the above-mentioned method and will not be repeated here.
[0074] Based on the method in the above embodiment, the embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device, such as Fig.11 As shown, the electronic device may include: a processor, a communications interface, a memory, and a communications bus, wherein the processor, the communications interface, and the memory communicate with each other via the communications bus. The processor may call the logic instructions in the memory to execute the method in the above embodiment.
[0075] In addition, the logic instructions in the above-mentioned memory can be implemented in the form of software functional units and can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium when sold or used as an independent product. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present application, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or the part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium and includes a number of instructions for a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the method described in each embodiment of the present application.
[0076] Based on the method in the above embodiment, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, which stores a computer program. When the computer program runs on a processor, the processor executes the method in the above embodiment.
[0077] Based on the method in the above embodiment, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer program product. When the computer program product runs on a processor, the processor executes the method in the above embodiment.
[0078] It is understood that the processor in the embodiments of the present application may be a central processing unit (CPU), or other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSP), application specific integrated circuits (ASIC), field programmable gate arrays (FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, transistor logic devices, hardware components or any combination thereof. The general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor.
[0079] The method steps in the embodiments of the present application can be implemented by hardware or by a processor executing software instructions. The software instructions can be composed of corresponding software modules, and the software modules can be stored in random access memory (RAM), flash memory, read-only memory (ROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), registers, hard disks, mobile hard disks, CD-ROMs, or any other form of storage medium known in the art. An exemplary storage medium is coupled to the processor so that the processor can read information from the storage medium and write information to the storage medium. Of course, the storage medium can also be a component of the processor. The processor and the storage medium can be located in an ASIC.
[0080] In the above embodiments, it can be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware or any combination thereof. When implemented using software, it can be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, the process or function described in the embodiment of the present application is generated in whole or in part. The computer may be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device. The computer instructions may be stored in a storage medium or transmitted through the storage medium. The computer instructions may be transmitted from a website site, a computer, a server or a data center to another website site, a computer, a server or a data center by wired (e.g., coaxial cable, optical fiber, digital subscriber line (DSL)) or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) means. The storage medium may be any available medium that a computer can access or a data storage device such as a server or a data center that includes one or more available media integrated. The available medium may be a magnetic medium (e.g., a floppy disk, a hard disk, a tape), an optical medium (e.g., a DVD), or a semiconductor medium (e.g., a solid state disk (SSD)), etc.
[0081] It should be understood that the various numerical numbers involved in the embodiments of the present application are only used for the convenience of description and are not used to limit the scope of the embodiments of the present application.
[0082] The above content is easily understood by those skilled in the art. The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims
1. A metamaterial antenna simulation design method, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Establishing a metamaterial unit, and simulating the metamaterial unit according to required performance to obtain a reflection coefficient R and a transmission coefficient T of the metamaterial unit; Substituting the reflection coefficient R and the transmission coefficient T into the metamaterial equivalent electromagnetic parameter extraction model to derive the equivalent electromagnetic parameters of the metamaterial unit; Establishing an equivalent structure of the metamaterial unit and assigning the equivalent electromagnetic parameters to the equivalent structure; The equivalent structure is used to replace the metamaterial unit and loaded into the antenna to perform simulation design of the metamaterial antenna.
2. The metamaterial antenna simulation design method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The equivalent electromagnetic parameters are obtained according to the following formula: Among them, ε eff is the equivalent dielectric constant, μ eff is the equivalent magnetic permeability; d t is the thickness of the equivalent structure; is the surface electric polarizability in the y direction Or the surface electric polarization in the x direction Surface magnetic polarizability in the x direction Or the surface magnetic polarizability in the y direction 3. The metamaterial antenna simulation design method according to claim 2, characterized in that: Substituting the reflection coefficient R and the transmission coefficient T into the following formula, the surface polarizability in the x and y directions can be derived: And the surface magnetic polarizability in the x and y directions Among them, R TM (0) and T TM (0) is the reflection coefficient R and transmission coefficient T obtained by TM polarized wave vertical incidence simulation; R TE (0) and the transmission coefficient T TE (0) is the reflection coefficient R and transmission coefficient T obtained by the simulation of TE polarized wave at vertical incidence; k0 is the wave number in free space; j is the imaginary unit.
4. The metamaterial antenna simulation design method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the equivalent electromagnetic parameter extraction model shown, the metamaterial unit is regarded as a structure with zero y direction.
5. The metamaterial antenna simulation design method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Establishing an equivalent structure of the metamaterial unit, specifically: establishing a structure with uniform material and the same size as the metamaterial unit as the equivalent structure.
6. A metamaterial antenna simulation design system, characterized in that: Includes the following parts: A simulation module, used to establish a metamaterial unit, and simulate the metamaterial unit according to the required performance to obtain the reflection coefficient R and the transmission coefficient T of the metamaterial unit; An equivalent parameter extraction module, used for substituting the reflection coefficient R and the transmission coefficient T into a metamaterial equivalent electromagnetic parameter extraction model to derive equivalent electromagnetic parameters of the metamaterial unit; An equivalent structure establishment module, used to establish an equivalent structure of a metamaterial unit and assign the equivalent electromagnetic parameters to the equivalent structure; The metamaterial antenna simulation module is used to use the equivalent structure to replace the metamaterial unit and load it into the antenna to perform simulation design of the metamaterial antenna.
7. An electronic device, characterized in that: include: Memory for storing computer programs; A processor, configured to execute the program stored in the memory; when the program stored in the memory is executed, the processor is configured to execute the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 5.
8. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, wherein when the computer program runs on a processor, the processor is enabled to execute the method according to any one of claims 1 to 5.
9. A computer program product, characterized in that When the computer program product runs on a processor, the processor is caused to execute the method according to any one of claims 1 to 5.