Photoelectric side-by-side composite cable and extrusion process and device for sheath of photoelectric side-by-side composite cable

Abstract

The invention discloses a photoelectric side-by-side composite cable and an extrusion process and device for a sheath of the photoelectric side-by-side composite cable. The composite cable comprises a cable body and optical cable bodies arranged on one side of the cable body side by side. The cable body comprises an inner insulating sleeve and an armor layer wrapping the inner insulating sleeve. A plurality of cable cores are distributed in the inner insulating sleeve; a first sleeve filler is filled between the adjacent cable cores; the optical cable body comprises a plastic sleeve; a plurality of optical fibers are distributed in the shaping sleeve; a second sleeve filler is filled between the adjacent optical fibers, and the armor layer is sleeved with a first sheath; the cable and the optical cable are connected through the elastic band, and the problems of difficult maintenance, poor bending performance, electromagnetic interference, heat effect and the like of a traditional composite cable are solved. The integrated injection molding structure improves the production efficiency, the elastic band provides buffering and stress dispersion, the optical fiber is effectively protected, the anti-bending capability is improved, independent maintenance and separated application of the cable and the optical cable are facilitated, and the use flexibility and reliability are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of photoelectric composite cable manufacturing, and specifically relates to an extrusion process and device for a photoelectric side-by-side composite cable and a sheath thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of communication technology and power transmission technology, optoelectronic composite cables have been widely used in many fields. This type of cable can transmit optical signals and electrical signals at the same time, greatly improving the transmission efficiency and saving wiring space. However, in the existing optoelectronic composite cable design, the cable and the optical cable are usually packaged in the same outer sheath. Although this design can meet some application requirements to a certain extent, it has exposed many technical problems in actual use, which limits the performance and application effect of the optoelectronic composite cable.

[0003] Difficulty in maintenance and overhaul: In traditional optoelectronic composite cables, the electrical cable and the optical cable are tightly wrapped in the same sheath and lack independence. In actual use, when a part of the electrical cable or the optical cable has a problem, local repair cannot be achieved, and the entire composite cable often needs to be disassembled or replaced, which increases the complexity and cost of maintenance. Especially in scenarios that require frequent maintenance, the design that cannot quickly separate the electrical cable and the optical cable brings great inconvenience to actual operations and prolongs maintenance time.

[0004] Electromagnetic interference and signal attenuation: Since the cable generates an electromagnetic field when conducting current, and the optical signal transmitted in the optical cable is very sensitive to electromagnetic interference, the existing optoelectronic composite cable tightly encapsulates the cable and the optical cable in the same outer sheath, lacking effective electromagnetic shielding and isolation measures, resulting in the electromagnetic field of the cable easily interfering with the optical fiber signal in the optical cable, causing signal attenuation and distortion, and affecting the communication quality. In particular, in high-power power transmission scenarios, the electromagnetic interference problem is particularly serious, directly affecting the stability of the optical fiber signal.

[0005] Temperature effect affects the performance of optical fiber: Cables generate a lot of heat in the process of transmitting electricity. In existing composite cables, there is no reasonable thermal isolation design between the cable and the optical cable. The heat of the cable is easily transferred to the optical cable through the sheath, causing the temperature of the optical fiber to rise. If it is in a high temperature environment for a long time, the physical properties of the optical fiber will be affected, and problems such as unstable signal transmission and increased attenuation will occur. In severe cases, the optical fiber may even be damaged, shortening the service life of the optical cable.

[0006] Differences in bending performance lead to damage to optical cables: The internal structures of electrical cables and optical cables are different, resulting in different bending resistance when they are bent. Electrical cables are usually composed of copper or aluminum core conductors and have good bending resistance, while the optical fibers in optical cables are relatively fragile and have poor bending resistance. In the prior art, electrical cables and optical cables are compounded in the same outer sheath. When bent, electrical cables can withstand bending with a larger curvature, while optical cables cannot adapt to such bending and are prone to stress concentration, leading to damage or even breakage of the optical fiber, which in turn affects the transmission of optical signals. This difference in bending performance has brought great limitations to the use of composite cables, especially in application scenarios that require frequent bending, where the problem of optical fiber damage is even more serious.

[0007] Poor flexibility and inconvenient installation: Since the electrical cables and optical cables are compositely encapsulated in the same outer sheath, the structure is relatively rigid and lacks flexibility. In practical applications, during installation and wiring, the installation positions of electrical cables and optical cables are often restricted and difficult to arrange flexibly. Especially in complex wiring environments, rigid composite cables cannot adapt to multiple bending and adjustment requirements, which increases the difficulty of installation and reduces work efficiency. Especially in environments with small spaces or frequent bends, the rigid structure of traditional composite cables often becomes an obstacle in installation.

[0008] Inconvenient for customization or separation: The structural design of traditional composite cables is usually fixed. Once packaged, the cable and the optical cable cannot be separated, which makes it difficult to flexibly respond to various needs in practical applications. For example, in some application scenarios, it may be necessary to upgrade, maintain or expand the cable or the optical cable separately, but because the cable and the optical cable are compounded in the same sheath, it becomes extremely difficult to separate or operate independently, which cannot meet the flexibility requirements.

[0009] In summary, existing optoelectronic composite cables have a series of technical problems such as complex maintenance, susceptibility to electromagnetic and thermal interference, optical fiber damage due to differences in bending performance, and inconvenient installation, which restrict their widespread use in practical applications. Summary of the invention

[0010] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an extrusion process and device for an optoelectronic side-by-side composite cable and its sheath. The optoelectronic side-by-side composite cable of the present invention connects the cable to the optical cable through an elastic band, thereby improving the maintenance difficulties, bending performance differences, electromagnetic interference, and thermal effects of traditional composite cables. Its one-piece injection molding structure improves production efficiency, and the elastic band provides buffering and stress dispersion, effectively protects the optical fiber and improves its anti-bending ability. At the same time, it is convenient for independent maintenance and separate application of the cable and the optical cable, increasing the flexibility and reliability of use.

[0011] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0012] A photoelectric side-by-side composite cable comprises a cable body and an optical cable body arranged side by side on one side of the cable body; the cable body comprises an inner insulating sleeve and an armor layer coated outside the inner insulating sleeve; a plurality of cable cores are distributed in the inner insulating sleeve; a first sleeve filler is filled between adjacent cable cores; the optical cable body comprises a shaping sleeve; a plurality of optical fibers are distributed in the shaping sleeve; a second sleeve filler is filled between adjacent optical fibers, a first sheath is further sheathed outside the armor layer; a second sheath is further sheathed outside the shaping sleeve; an elastic band is connected between the cable body and the optical cable body; the first sheath, the second sheath and the elastic band are integrally injection molded and the two ends of the elastic band are respectively fixedly connected to the first sheath and the second sheath.

[0013] Wherein, both ends of the elastic band are diameter-expanding structures, which are respectively stuck in the wall thickness of the first sheath and the second sheath during the injection molding process.

[0014] Among them, the inner insulating sleeve is made of cross-linked polyethylene or polyvinyl chloride; the cable core is a multi-strand copper core or aluminum core conductor; the first sleeve filler is filled with polypropylene fiber or expanded polyurethane foam; the armor layer is woven from multiple strands of stainless steel wire or galvanized steel wire.

[0015] Wherein, the first sheath is made of low-density polyethylene or flexible polyvinyl chloride; the second sheath is made of high-density polyethylene or chlorinated polyethylene.

[0016] Wherein, the shaping sleeve is made of polyethylene or polyvinyl chloride; the second sleeve filler is polyethylene foam or expanded polyurethane foam; and the optical fiber is a G.657 optical fiber with anti-bending performance.

[0017] Wherein, the elastic band is made of thermoplastic elastomer or silicone.

[0018] A sheath extrusion molding device for an optoelectronic side-by-side composite cable comprises a first extrusion mechanism for extruding a first sheath, a second extrusion mechanism for extruding a second sheath, and a third extrusion mechanism for extruding an elastic band; the first extrusion mechanism, the second extrusion mechanism, and the third extrusion mechanism are respectively equipped with a first extrusion die head, a second extrusion die head, and a third extrusion die head; the third extrusion die head is arranged between the first extrusion die head and the second extrusion die head; the first extrusion die head comprises a first hollow annular discharge nozzle; the second extrusion die head comprises a second hollow annular discharge nozzle; the first hollow annular discharge nozzle and the second hollow annular discharge nozzle are respectively provided with a first dovetail groove and a second dovetail groove on opposite sides thereof; the third extrusion die head comprises a bone-shaped third discharge nozzle which is thin in the middle and expanded at both ends; the two ends of the third discharge nozzle are respectively fitted with the first dovetail groove and the second dovetail groove.

[0019] A sheath extrusion molding process for a photovoltaic side-by-side composite cable comprises the following steps:

[0020] ① Extruding the material of the first sheath through the first hollow annular discharge nozzle of the first extrusion die head to form the first sheath, the extrusion temperature is controlled at 170°C to 200°C, the screw speed is controlled at 20-60RPM, the extrusion pressure is 5-8MPa, and the extrusion speed is 5-10m / min;

[0021] Extruding the material of the second sheath through the second hollow annular discharge nozzle of the second extrusion die head to form the second sheath, the extrusion temperature is controlled at 180° C. to 230° C., the screw speed is controlled at 15-50 RPM, the extrusion pressure is 6-10 MPa, and the extrusion speed is 5-8 m / min;

[0022] Extruding the elastic band material through the bone-shaped third discharge nozzle of the third extrusion die head to form an elastic band, the extrusion temperature is controlled at 160° C. to 200° C., the screw speed is controlled at 15-45 RPM, the extrusion pressure is 3-5 MPa, and the extrusion speed is 3-7 m / min;

[0023] The first sheath, the second sheath and the elastic band are extruded synchronously, and the elastic band is respectively embedded in the first dovetail groove of the first sheath and the second dovetail groove of the second sheath through the expanded diameter portion thereof to form a fixed connection;

[0024] The low-density polyethylene or flexible polyvinyl chloride is heated to 160° C. to 200° C. by a first extrusion mechanism and extruded through a first hollow annular discharge nozzle of a first extrusion die to form a first sheath;

[0025] ② The first sheath, the second sheath and the elastic band after extrusion are cooled and shaped by a water cooling process, and the cooling water temperature is controlled at 20℃ to 30℃ to ensure the structural strength, uniformity and stability of the sheath and the elastic band;

[0026] Wherein, 0.1%-0.5% antioxidant and 1%-3% toughening agent are added to the sheath material as required, and 0.5%-1% anti-UV agent, 2%-5% toughening agent and 0.5%-2% foaming agent are added to the elastic band material.

[0027] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0028] 1. The optoelectronic side-by-side composite cable of the present invention realizes the integrated synchronous arrangement of the electrical cable and the optical cable, the buffering of the elastic band and the uniform distribution of stress, the reduction of electromagnetic and temperature interference, and the convenience of separating the electrical cable and the optical cable.

[0029] The cable body and the optical cable body are connected by an elastic band and are extruded synchronously by the first sheath and the second sheath, ensuring the integrated design of the cable and the optical cable. This structure enables the cable and the optical cable to be arranged synchronously during production, transportation and installation, avoiding the problems of misalignment and inconvenience in installation caused by traditional separate arrangement.

[0030] The presence of the elastic band plays an important role in buffering, especially when the cable is bent or subjected to external force. Since the elastic band is made of thermoplastic elastomer or silicone, it has good flexibility and elasticity. When the cable is bent or subjected to stress, the elastic band can absorb part of the stress and disperse it to the connection area between the cable and the optical cable, preventing the stress from concentrating on a certain point, thereby reducing the risk of cable core and optical fiber breakage.

[0031] The elastic band's buffering properties also allow the cable to operate more stably in a vibrating environment. Due to the elastic connection between the cable and the optical cable, the elastic band can absorb some of the vibration energy during vibration, reducing the impact of vibration on optical fiber signal transmission.

[0032] The armor layer in the cable part is woven from multiple strands of stainless steel wire or galvanized steel wire, which can effectively shield electromagnetic interference from the outside or the cable itself. In addition, the distance between the cable and the optical cable is side by side, which prevents the electromagnetic interference generated when the current passes through the cable from affecting the optical cable part.

[0033] The heat generated when the cable is powered on may cause temperature interference to the optical cable. By using different sheath materials, especially designing the first sheath of the cable and the second sheath of the optical cable to be different materials, the thermal isolation performance between them is enhanced. In addition, the elastic band as an intermediate connecting layer also helps to further reduce the heat conduction effect, maintain the relative temperature stability of the optical cable part, and prevent high temperature from damaging the optical fiber.

[0034] Since the electrical cable and the optical cable are connected by the elastic band, the electrical cable and the optical cable can be conveniently separated by cutting the elastic band when necessary.

[0035] In some application scenarios, it may be necessary to arrange or maintain electrical cables or optical cables separately. Through this structural design, the separation process of electrical cables and optical cables will not cause additional mechanical damage to the cable core or optical fiber, ensuring that they can maintain their normal functions after multiple operations. This makes the application scenarios of the composite cable more flexible.

[0036] In addition, if a component in the electrical or optical cable fails, the detachable design of the elastic band allows the electrical and optical cables to be quickly separated, allowing for replacement or repair of some components without having to replace the entire composite cable, reducing maintenance costs and downtime.

[0037] In general, the optoelectronic side-by-side composite cable has shown significant beneficial effects through its unique integrated design, the buffering effect of the elastic band, the isolation of electromagnetic and temperature interference, and the structure that is easy to separate. These effects make the cable not only have excellent stability and anti-interference capabilities in complex environments, but also can flexibly adapt to the maintenance and operation requirements in different scenarios, improving the overall reliability and ease of use.

[0038] 2. Since the cable body and the optical cable body are arranged side by side with a spacing, and the two are connected by an elastic band, and the cable body and the optical cable body have different bending resistance due to different materials, structures and cross-sectional areas, when the composite cable is bent, the bending angle and bending position of the cable body and the optical cable body can be not completely synchronized through the connection of the elastic band and the adaptive external force stretching characteristics, forming an interference wave structure; this structure has the following advantages in the present invention:

[0039] Reduce the bending stress of optical fiber and protect the optical fiber: Optical fiber is extremely sensitive to bending. Too small a bending radius may cause the optical fiber to break or cause serious signal transmission loss. Through the connection of the elastic band, the interference wave structure can effectively disperse the bending stress when the cable is bent: because the elastic band acts as a buffer between the cable body and the optical cable body, the bending radius of the optical cable body will not decrease synchronously with the bending radius of the cable body, thereby reducing the direct stress on the optical fiber. The stretchability of the elastic band allows the cable body and the optical cable body to withstand bending stress relatively independently, avoiding stress concentration between the two, and especially protecting the optical fiber in the optical cable body from damage caused by extreme bending stress. This structural design effectively reduces the stress concentration of the optical fiber during the bending process, reduces the risk of optical fiber breakage and signal loss, and extends the service life of the optical cable.

[0040] Improve the bending resistance of the composite cable: Since the cable body and the optical cable body form an interference wave structure when bending, this design actually optimizes the overall bending resistance of the composite cable: the interference wave structure makes the cable body and the optical cable body bear different bending stresses, avoiding stress concentration in a single part, and effectively extending the bending fatigue life of the composite cable. Since the bending angles of the optical cable and the cable are not synchronized, the composite cable avoids the situation of a sharp bending transition point when bending, reducing the mechanical stress of the cable body and the optical cable body at the bending transition point.

[0041] Alleviate the impact of external shock and vibration: In complex environments (such as bridges, subways, etc.), cables are often subjected to external mechanical shock and vibration. The interference wave structure can effectively buffer these external forces: the elastic band can absorb part of the energy when subjected to external shock or vibration, and disperse it between the cable body and the optical cable body, reducing the impact of shock or vibration on the optical fiber. The interference wave structure allows the cable body and the optical cable body to move relative to each other when subjected to external shock or vibration, so that both maintain better dynamic responsiveness and avoid breakage or signal loss of the cable body or the optical cable body due to vibration.

[0042] Adaptability of cables and optical cables at different positions: Since the elastic band has a certain adaptive adjustment ability when connected, the cables and optical cables can adaptively adjust their bending position and angle according to the external force, and the bending of different parts can be coordinated with each other without excessive distortion: the different materials and bending resistance of cables and optical cables are adjusted through the interference wave structure, reducing the stress concentration and damage caused by excessive distortion.

[0043] 3. The sheath extrusion molding device of the present invention includes a first extrusion mechanism, a second extrusion mechanism and a third extrusion mechanism, which are respectively responsible for molding the cable sheath, the optical cable sheath and the elastic band connecting the two. The three extrusion mechanisms work through independent extrusion dies, and the material flow rate, extrusion pressure, temperature and other parameters are accurately controlled by the die to achieve synchronous molding of the sheath and the elastic band. This ensures the perfect matching of the cable body and the optical cable body during the production process, which not only improves the production efficiency, but also ensures the uniformity and stability of the structure. The third extrusion die in the extrusion device is a bone-shaped design to ensure that the elastic band has an expansion structure during the molding process. This design ensures that when the sheath is formed, the two ends of the elastic band can be embedded in the dovetail groove of the sheath by accurately controlling the flow of the elastic band material, so as to firmly connect the cable and the optical cable during injection molding. This structure can ensure the close connection between the cable and the optical cable in actual use, avoid loosening or separation, and improve the overall mechanical strength and reliability of the product. By setting the first, second and third extrusion dies, the device can simultaneously produce the cable sheath, the optical cable sheath and the elastic band, and realize one-time molding. This not only reduces the number of steps in the production process, but also effectively avoids problems such as uneven sheath thickness and loose connections caused by secondary processing. Due to the precise control of the multi-die head, the flow rate, pressure and temperature of the material can be adjusted independently, thereby optimizing the molding effect of each part and ensuring the accuracy and consistency of the final product.

[0044] In the extrusion process, low-density polyethylene (LDPE) or flexible polyvinyl chloride (PVC) is used to make cable sheaths, high-density polyethylene (HDPE) or chlorinated polyethylene (CPE) is used to make optical cable sheaths, and thermoplastic elastomers or silicone are used to make elastic bands. The flexibility of the first sheath allows the cable part to deform gently when it is bent under force, while the rigidity of the second sheath provides rigid structural support for the optical cable. The difference in flexibility between the two allows the cable and the optical cable to work together when bent, and the optical cable will not be damaged due to excessive bending, and the conductor of the cable will not break due to insufficient rigidity. Since the cross-sectional areas of the first sheath, the second sheath and the elastic band are different, it means that the amount of material required for each is different, resulting in the material flow rate, cooling time and shaping process of each part being out of sync during extrusion. If not controlled, it may lead to uneven molding, inconsistent sheath thickness or loose connection of the elastic band. And due to the different properties of the materials (flexible materials and rigid materials, elastomers and thermoplastic materials), the fluidity of the materials varies during extrusion, resulting in inconsistent relative flow rates of different materials. Through independent extrusion process parameter control, the flow, cooling and molding of the three materials are carried out simultaneously, avoiding the material mismatch problem caused by step-by-step processing in traditional sheath production. This synchronous extrusion process significantly improves production efficiency, reduces process steps, and improves the integration of the overall finished product.

[0045] The precise control of temperature, screw speed and extrusion pressure in the extrusion process ensures the fluidity and appropriate cooling rate of the sheath and elastic band materials during the injection molding process. The temperature of the first sheath and the second sheath is controlled at 170℃ to 230℃ respectively, ensuring that the two different materials flow evenly during the sheath extrusion process and form a stable sheath structure. The molding temperature of the elastic band material is controlled at 160℃ to 200℃, so that the elastic band expands after being embedded in the dovetail groove, fills the gap and ensures a firm connection. This precise process control not only makes the connection between the cable and optical cable sheath more secure, but also greatly improves the tensile strength and service life.

[0046] After the synchronous extrusion of the jacket and the elastic band, a water cooling process is used to control the cooling water temperature at 20℃ to 30℃ to ensure that the jacket and the elastic band shrink evenly during the cooling process to prevent dimensional deformation or uneven surface. The water cooling process not only improves the dimensional accuracy of the product, but also reduces the internal stress of the material caused by excessive cooling or uneven cooling, thereby ensuring the structural strength and stability of the jacket.

[0047] By adding antioxidants, anti-UV agents, toughening agents, etc. to the sheath and elastic belt materials, the anti-aging performance, weather resistance and mechanical strength of the composite cable are significantly enhanced:

[0048] Antioxidant: effectively prevents the material from oxidative decomposition due to long-term exposure to air, thus extending the service life of the cable.

[0049] Anti-UV agent: Improve the material's anti-aging ability under ultraviolet rays, suitable for outdoor environment.

[0050] Toughening agent: Enhances the toughness of the material and improves the impact resistance of the cable in complex environments.

[0051] Foaming agent: Through the expansion effect of the foaming agent, the elastic band can expand to fill the dovetail groove after extrusion and cooling, ensuring the stable connection and anti-bending performance of the cable and optical cable. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0052] Figure 1 It is a radial cross-sectional schematic diagram of the composite cable of the present invention in a static state;

[0053] Figure 2 It is a schematic radial cross-sectional view of the composite cable of the present invention when the elastic band is stretched under stress;

[0054] Figure 3 This is a diagram showing the overall state of the composite cable of the present invention when it is bent;

[0055] Figure 4 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of a discharge nozzle of a sheath extrusion molding device of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 5 for Figure 4 An enlarged schematic diagram of the middle circle A;

[0057] Figure 6 for Figure 4 The schematic diagram of the middle circle A when the third discharge nozzle is removed;

[0058] Markings in the figure: 1, cable body; 11, inner insulating sleeve; 12, armor layer; 13, cable core; 14, first sleeve filler; 15, first sheath; 2, optical cable body; 21, shaping sleeve; 22, optical fiber; 23, second sleeve filler; 24, second sheath; 3, elastic band; 41, first hollow annular discharge nozzle; 411, first dovetail groove; 42, second hollow annular discharge nozzle; 421, second dovetail groove; 43, third discharge nozzle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0059] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0060] See also Figures 1 to 3A photoelectric side-by-side composite cable comprises a cable body 1 and an optical cable body 2 arranged side by side on one side of the cable body 1; the cable body 1 comprises an inner insulating sleeve 11 and an armor layer 12 coated outside the inner insulating sleeve 11; a plurality of cable cores 13 are distributed in the inner insulating sleeve 11; a first sleeve filler 14 is filled between adjacent cable cores 13; the optical cable body 2 comprises a shaping sleeve 21; a plurality of optical fibers 22 are distributed in the shaping sleeve 21; a second sleeve filler 23 is filled between adjacent optical fibers 22, a first sheath 15 is further sheathed outside the armor layer 12; a second sheath 24 is further sheathed outside the shaping sleeve 21; an elastic band 3 is connected between the cable body 1 and the optical cable body 2; the first sheath 15, the second sheath 24 and the elastic band 3 are integrally injection molded and the two ends of the elastic band 3 are respectively fixedly connected to the first sheath 15 and the second sheath 24.

[0061] In this embodiment, both ends of the elastic band 3 are of expanded diameter structures, which are respectively stuck in the wall thickness of the first sheath 15 and the second sheath 24 during the injection molding process.

[0062] In this embodiment, the inner insulating sleeve 11 is made of cross-linked polyethylene or polyvinyl chloride; the cable core 13 is a multi-strand copper core or aluminum core conductor; the first sleeve filler 14 is filled with polypropylene fiber or expanded polyurethane foam; the armor layer 12 is woven from multiple strands of stainless steel wire or galvanized steel wire.

[0063] In this embodiment, the first sheath 15 is made of low-density polyethylene or flexible polyvinyl chloride; the second sheath 24 is made of high-density polyethylene or chlorinated polyethylene.

[0064] In this embodiment, the shaping sleeve 21 is made of polyethylene or polyvinyl chloride; the second sleeve filler 23 is filled with polyethylene foam or expanded polyurethane foam; and the optical fiber 22 is a G.657 optical fiber with anti-bending performance.

[0065] In this embodiment, the elastic band 3 is made of thermoplastic elastomer or silicone.

[0066] See also Figures 4 to 6, a sheath extrusion molding device for an optoelectronic side-by-side composite cable, comprising a first extrusion mechanism for extruding a first sheath 15, a second extrusion mechanism for extruding a second sheath 24, and a third extrusion mechanism for extruding an elastic band 3; the first extrusion mechanism, the second extrusion mechanism, and the third extrusion mechanism are respectively equipped with a first extrusion die head, a second extrusion die head, and a third extrusion die head; the third extrusion die head is arranged between the first extrusion die head and the second extrusion die head; the first extrusion die head comprises a first hollow annular discharge nozzle 41; the second extrusion die head comprises a second hollow annular discharge nozzle 42; the first hollow annular discharge nozzle 41 and the second hollow annular discharge nozzle 42 are respectively provided with a first dovetail groove 411 and a second dovetail groove 421 inwardly on opposite sides; the third extrusion die head comprises a bone-shaped third discharge nozzle 43 with a thin middle portion and expanded openings at both ends; the two ends of the third discharge nozzle 43 are respectively fitted with the first dovetail groove 411 and the second dovetail groove 421.

[0067] A sheath extrusion molding process for a photovoltaic side-by-side composite cable comprises the following steps:

[0068] ① Extruding the material of the first sheath 15 through the first hollow annular discharge nozzle 41 of the first extrusion die head to form the first sheath 15, the extrusion temperature is controlled at 170° C. to 200° C., the screw speed is controlled at 20-60 RPM, the extrusion pressure is 5-8 MPa, and the extrusion speed is 5-10 m / min;

[0069] The material of the second sheath 24 is extruded through the second hollow annular discharge nozzle 42 of the second extrusion die to form the second sheath 24, the extrusion temperature is controlled at 180° C. to 230° C., the screw speed is controlled at 15-50 RPM, the extrusion pressure is 6-10 MPa, and the extrusion speed is 5-8 m / min;

[0070] The material of the elastic band 3 is extruded through the bone-shaped third discharge nozzle 43 of the third extrusion die head to form the elastic band 3, the extrusion temperature is controlled at 160° C. to 200° C., the screw speed is controlled at 15-45 RPM, the extrusion pressure is 3-5 MPa, and the extrusion speed is 3-7 m / min;

[0071] The first sheath 15, the second sheath 24 and the elastic band 3 are extruded synchronously, and the elastic band 3 is respectively embedded in the first dovetail groove 411 of the first sheath 15 and the second dovetail groove 421 of the second sheath 24 through its expanded diameter portion to form a fixed connection;

[0072] The low-density polyethylene or flexible polyvinyl chloride is heated to 160° C. to 200° C. by a first extrusion mechanism and extruded through a first hollow annular discharge nozzle 411 of a first extrusion die head 41 to form a first sheath 15;

[0073] ② The extruded first sheath 15, the second sheath 24 and the elastic band 3 are cooled and shaped by a water cooling process, and the cooling water temperature is controlled at 20°C to 30°C to ensure the structural strength, uniformity and stability of the sheath and the elastic band;

[0074] In this embodiment, 0.1%-0.5% of antioxidant and 1%-3% of toughening agent are added to the sheath material as needed, and 0.5%-1% of anti-UV agent, 2%-5% of toughening agent and 0.5%-2% of foaming agent are added to the material of the elastic band 3 to improve the anti-aging performance, weather resistance and mechanical strength of the overall structure, and make the elastic band 3 expand after extrusion to fill the first dovetail groove 411 and the second dovetail groove 421.

[0075] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic parallel composite cable, characterized in that: The invention comprises a cable body (1) and an optical cable body (2) arranged side by side on one side of the cable body (1); the cable body (1) comprises an inner insulating sleeve (11) and an armor layer (12) coated outside the inner insulating sleeve (11); a plurality of cable cores (13) are distributed inside the inner insulating sleeve (11); a first sleeve filler (14) is filled between adjacent cable cores (13); the optical cable body (2) comprises a shaping sleeve (21); a plurality of optical fibers (22) are distributed inside the shaping sleeve (21); adjacent A second sleeve filler (23) is filled between the optical fibers (22); a first sheath (15) is also sheathed outside the armor layer (12); a second sheath (24) is also sheathed outside the shaping sleeve (21); an elastic band (3) is connected between the cable body (1) and the optical cable body (2); the first sheath (15), the second sheath (24) and the elastic band (3) are integrally injection molded, and the two ends of the elastic band (3) are respectively fixedly connected to the first sheath (15) and the second sheath (24).

2. The photovoltaic composite cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both ends of the elastic band (3) are expanded diameter structures, which are respectively stuck in the wall thickness of the first sheath (15) and the second sheath (24) during the injection molding process.

3. The photovoltaic composite cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner insulating sleeve (11) is made of cross-linked polyethylene or polyvinyl chloride; the cable core (13) is a multi-strand copper core or aluminum core conductor; the first sleeve filler (14) is filled with polypropylene fiber or expanded polyurethane foam; the armor layer (12) is woven from a multi-strand stainless steel wire or a galvanized steel wire.

4. The photovoltaic parallel composite cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first sheath (15) is made of low-density polyethylene or flexible polyvinyl chloride; the second sheath (24) is made of high-density polyethylene or chlorinated polyethylene.

5. The photovoltaic composite cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shaping sleeve (21) is made of polyethylene or polyvinyl chloride; the second sleeve filler (23) is filled with polyethylene foam or expanded polyurethane foam; and the optical fiber (22) is a G.657 optical fiber with anti-bending performance.

6. The photovoltaic composite cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic band (3) is made of thermoplastic elastomer or silicone.

7. A sheath extrusion molding device for a photovoltaic side-by-side composite cable, characterized in that: The invention comprises a first extrusion mechanism for extruding and forming a first sheath (15), a second extrusion mechanism for extruding and forming a second sheath (24), and a third extrusion mechanism for extruding and forming an elastic band (3); the first extrusion mechanism, the second extrusion mechanism, and the third extrusion mechanism are respectively equipped with a first extrusion die head, a second extrusion die head, and a third extrusion die head; the third extrusion die head is arranged between the first extrusion die head and the second extrusion die head; the first extrusion die head comprises a first hollow annular discharge nozzle (41); the second extrusion die head comprises a second hollow annular discharge nozzle (42); the first hollow annular discharge nozzle (41) and the second hollow annular discharge nozzle (42) are respectively provided with a first dovetail groove (411) and a second dovetail groove (421) on opposite sides thereof; the third extrusion die head comprises a bone-shaped third discharge nozzle (43) which is thin in the middle and expanded at both ends; the two ends of the third discharge nozzle (43) are respectively fitted with the first dovetail groove (411) and the second dovetail groove (421).

8. A sheath extrusion molding process for a photovoltaic side-by-side composite cable, characterized in that: Adoption includes the following steps: ① Extruding the material of the first sheath (15) through the first hollow annular discharge nozzle (41) of the first extrusion die head to form the first sheath (15), the extrusion temperature is controlled at 170° C. to 200° C., the screw speed is controlled at 20-60 RPM, the extrusion pressure is 5-8 MPa, and the extrusion speed is 5-10 m / min; Extruding the material of the second sheath (24) through a second hollow annular discharge nozzle (42) of a second extrusion die head to form the second sheath (24), the extrusion temperature is controlled at 180° C. to 230° C., the screw speed is controlled at 15-50 RPM, the extrusion pressure is 6-10 MPa, and the extrusion speed is 5-8 m / min; The material of the elastic band (3) is extruded through the bone-shaped third discharge nozzle (43) of the third extrusion die head to form the elastic band (3), the extrusion temperature is controlled at 160° C. to 200° C., the screw speed is controlled at 15-45 RPM, the extrusion pressure is 3-5 MPa, and the extrusion speed is 3-7 m / min; The first sheath (15), the second sheath (24) and the elastic band (3) are extruded synchronously, and the elastic band (3) is respectively embedded in the first dovetail groove (411) of the first sheath (15) and the second dovetail groove (421) of the second sheath (24) through its expanded diameter portion to form a fixed connection; The low-density polyethylene or flexible polyvinyl chloride is heated to 160° C. to 200° C. by a first extrusion mechanism and extruded through a first hollow annular discharge nozzle (411) of a first extrusion die head (41) to form a first sheath (15); ② After extrusion, the first sheath (15), the second sheath (24) and the elastic band (3) are cooled and shaped by a water cooling process, and the cooling water temperature is controlled at 20° C. to 30° C. to ensure the structural strength, uniformity and stability of the sheath and the elastic band.

9. The sheath extrusion molding process of a photovoltaic side-by-side composite cable according to claim 8 is characterized in that: 0.1%-0.5% antioxidant and 1%-3% toughening agent are added to the sheath material as required, and 0.5%-1% anti-UV agent, 2%-5% toughening agent and 0.5%-2% foaming agent are added to the material of the elastic band (3).

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