Hydrogen fuel cell system and use method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of fuel cells, and discloses a hydrogen fuel cell system and a use method thereof. A hot outlet of the heat exchanger is communicated to the gas outlet end, a cold inlet is communicated with the hydrogen inlet end, and a cold outlet is communicated to a hydrogen inlet of the galvanic pile; the dry gas outlet of the humidifier is communicated to the air inlet, the gas outlet is communicated to the wet gas inlet of the humidifier, and the wet gas outlet of the humidifier is communicated to the gas outlet end; a first cold air outlet of the first vortex tube is respectively communicated with a dry air inlet of the humidifier, an inlet of the heat dissipation cavity and an air outlet end, and a first hot air outlet of the first vortex tube is respectively communicated with the dry air inlet and a hot inlet of the heat exchanger; a second cold air outlet of the second vortex tube is communicated with the dry air inlet, the heat dissipation cavity inlet and the air outlet end, and a second hot air outlet of the second vortex tube is communicated with the hot inlet. According to the hydrogen fuel cell system disclosed by the invention, accurate and stable thermal management is carried out by utilizing multiple air compressors and multiple vortex tubes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of fuel cells, and in particular to a hydrogen fuel cell system and a method of using the same. Background Art

[0002] The fuel cell stack of a hydrogen fuel cell system needs to operate in a suitable and stable temperature environment to ensure efficient and sufficient hydrogen-oxygen reaction. Therefore, an excellent heat exchange system is crucial for the low-temperature cold start and operational stability of hydrogen fuel cells.

[0003] At present, the heat exchange scheme of the fuel cell system is mainly as follows: using the air compressor as the heat source, combining the intercooler and the hydrogen heat exchanger as the heat exchange device, the radiator as the heat dissipation device, and equipped with a water tank, filter and a large number of pipelines as auxiliary devices, to achieve heat discharge and replenishment through the circulation of air and coolant.

[0004] However, this solution faces high technical and cost requirements in practical applications. For example, the temperature of the compressed air provided by the air compressor cannot be adjusted; the use of coolant increases the insulation resistance requirements of the hydrogen fuel cell system; there are cleanliness risks in components such as intercoolers, radiators and pipelines, which will reduce the service life of the fuel cell stack, and the radiator requires external power supply, which increases the system load; in addition, this solution requires many components and the coolant needs to be replaced regularly, which increases the weight, volume, operation and maintenance and development costs of the system, limits its application scenarios, and brings many difficulties to the design and development work. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to design a hydrogen fuel cell system using multiple air compressors and multiple vortex tubes for thermal management and a method of using the system.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides a hydrogen fuel cell system, comprising: a first air inlet end, a second air inlet end, a hydrogen air inlet end, an air outlet end, a fuel cell stack, a heat exchanger, a humidifier, a first air compressor, a second air compressor, a first vortex tube and a second vortex tube;

[0007] The stack has a heat dissipation cavity inlet and a heat dissipation cavity outlet that are connected to each other, and an air inlet, a hydrogen inlet and a gas outlet that are connected to each other, and the heat dissipation cavity outlet is connected to the gas outlet;

[0008] The heat exchanger has a hot inlet and a hot outlet connected to each other, and a cold inlet and a cold outlet connected to each other, the hot outlet is connected to the gas outlet, the cold inlet is connected to the hydrogen gas inlet, and the cold outlet is connected to the hydrogen gas inlet;

[0009] The humidifier has a dry gas inlet and a dry gas outlet connected to each other, and a wet gas inlet and a wet gas outlet connected to each other, the dry gas outlet is connected to the air inlet, the gas outlet is connected to the wet gas inlet, and the wet gas outlet is connected to the gas outlet;

[0010] The first air inlet, the first air compressor and the first vortex tube are connected in sequence, and the first vortex tube has a first cold air outlet and a first hot air outlet, the first cold air outlet is respectively connected to the dry gas inlet, the heat dissipation chamber inlet and the air outlet, and the first hot air outlet is respectively connected to the dry gas inlet and the hot inlet;

[0011] The second air inlet, the second air compressor and the second vortex tube are connected in sequence, and the second vortex tube has a second cold air outlet and a second hot air outlet, the second cold air outlet is respectively connected to the dry gas inlet, the heat dissipation chamber inlet and the air outlet, and the second hot air outlet is connected to the hot inlet.

[0012] Furthermore, the fuel cell stack also has a purge inlet connected to the gas outlet, and the purge inlet is connected to the first hot gas outlet and the second hot gas outlet respectively.

[0013] Furthermore, it also includes a four-way valve, which has a first four-way inlet, a second four-way inlet, a first four-way outlet and a second four-way outlet, the first cold air outlet is connected to the first four-way inlet, the second cold air outlet is connected to the second four-way inlet, the first four-way outlet is connected to the dry gas inlet, and the second four-way outlet is connected to the heat dissipation chamber inlet.

[0014] Furthermore, it also includes a first branch and a first proportional valve, the first cold air outlet and the second cold air outlet are both connected to the air outlet end through the first branch, and the first proportional valve is connected in series to the first branch.

[0015] Furthermore, it also includes a first proportional three-way valve and a second proportional three-way valve, the first hot air outlet is connected to the dry gas inlet and the hot inlet respectively through the first proportional three-way valve, and the second hot air outlet is connected to the hot inlet and the purge inlet respectively through the second proportional three-way valve.

[0016] Furthermore, it also includes a second branch and a switch valve, one end of the second branch is connected between the first proportional three-way valve and the dry gas inlet, and the other end is connected to the purge inlet, and the switch valve is connected in series to the second branch.

[0017] Furthermore, it also includes a throttle valve, and the heat dissipation chamber outlet, the heat outlet, the moisture outlet, the first cold air outlet, and the second cold air outlet are all connected to the throttle valve, and are all connected to the air outlet end through the throttle valve.

[0018] Furthermore, it also includes a second proportional valve, and the hydrogen inlet end is connected with the cold inlet through the second proportional valve.

[0019] Furthermore, an air flow meter is provided at the air inlet, and / or,

[0020] Temperature sensors are provided at the first cold air outlet, the first hot air outlet, the second cold air outlet, the second hot air outlet, the gas outlet, and the dry gas inlet.

[0021] The present invention also provides a method for using a hydrogen fuel cell system, which is used for the above hydrogen fuel cell system and comprises the following steps:

[0022] S1 preheating: start the first air compressor and the second air compressor, fully open the first proportional valve, close the first four-way outlet and the second four-way outlet, close the switch valve and the outlet of the second proportional three-way valve connected to the purge inlet; when the gas flow rate into the air inlet reaches the preset flow rate and the gas temperature from the gas outlet reaches the preset temperature, the system completes preheating;

[0023] S2 reaction releases heat: Open the second proportional valve, and the hydrogen passes through the heat exchanger from the hydrogen inlet end, then enters the fuel cell stack from the hydrogen inlet, and starts to react and release heat with the air entering the fuel cell stack through the air inlet.

[0024] Furthermore, in S2, when the temperature at the gas outlet is too high, the temperature at the first cold air outlet and the second cold air outlet is lowered and the gas flow rate is increased, and at the same time, the temperature at the dry gas inlet is lowered while the gas flow rate at the air inlet is controlled unchanged; when the temperature at the gas outlet is low, the temperature at the first cold air outlet and the second cold air outlet is increased and the gas flow rate is reduced, and at the same time, the temperature at the air inlet is increased within a preset upper limit, and the gas flow rate at the air inlet is controlled unchanged.

[0025] Furthermore, the method further comprises the following steps:

[0026] S3 stack shutdown: close the first four-way outlet and the second four-way outlet, fully open the first proportional valve, close the outlet of the second proportional three-way valve connected to the hot inlet and the outlet of the first proportional three-way valve connected to the hot inlet, open the switch valve, and use hot air to purge the stack to remove moisture.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the hydrogen fuel cell system of the embodiment of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0028] The hydrogen fuel cell system of the embodiment of the present invention utilizes the principle of generating hot and cold air flows through a vortex tube by compressed air, and adopts a dual air compressor and a dual vortex tube to achieve more accurate and stable thermal management of the hydrogen fuel cell system. This solution eliminates components and coolants such as intercoolers, radiators, and water tanks, simplifies system piping, greatly reduces system weight, volume, and required costs, reduces system load, extends system life, and expands application scenarios. In addition, this solution also reduces the requirements for air compressor performance and valve adjustment capabilities, simplifies the control scheme, and avoids risks such as large fluctuations in the air temperature of the reactor chamber and insufficient flow supply. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 is a system principle diagram of a hydrogen fuel cell system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 1 is a connection diagram of a four-way valve in a hydrogen fuel cell system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] In the figure, 11, first air inlet; 12, first air compressor; 13, first vortex tube; 131, first cold air outlet; 132, first hot air outlet; 14, first branch; 141, first proportional valve; 15, second branch; 151, switch valve;

[0032] 21. second air inlet; 22. second air compressor; 23. second vortex tube; 231. second cold air outlet; 232. second hot air outlet;

[0033] 31. Hydrogen inlet end; 32. Second proportional valve;

[0034] 41. outlet end; 42. throttle valve;

[0035] 5. Battery stack; 51. Heat dissipation chamber inlet; 52. Heat dissipation chamber outlet; 53. Air inlet; 54. Hydrogen inlet; 55. Gas outlet; 56. Purge inlet;

[0036] 6. Heat exchanger; 61. Hot inlet; 62. Hot outlet; 63. Cold inlet; 64. Cold outlet;

[0037] 7. Humidifier; 71. Dry gas inlet; 72. Dry gas outlet; 73. Wet gas inlet; 74. Wet gas outlet;

[0038] 81, four-way valve; 811, first four-way inlet; 812, second four-way inlet; 813, first four-way outlet; 814, second four-way outlet; 82, first proportional three-way valve; 83, second proportional three-way valve;

[0039] 91. Air flow meter; 92. Temperature sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The specific implementation of the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0041] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside" and "outside" used in the present invention to indicate the orientation or position relationship are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0042] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like used in the present invention should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or a welding connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0043] The present invention uses the terms "first", "second", etc. to describe various information, but these information should not be limited to these terms, and these terms are only used to distinguish the same type of information from each other. For example, without departing from the scope of the present invention, "first" information may also be referred to as "second" information, and similarly, "second" information may also be referred to as "first" information.

[0044] Reference Figure 1 A hydrogen fuel cell system according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises: a first air inlet end 11, a second air inlet end 21, a hydrogen air inlet end 31, an air outlet end 41, a fuel cell stack 5, a heat exchanger 6, a humidifier 7, a first air compressor 12, a second air compressor 22, a first vortex tube 13 and a second vortex tube 23;

[0045] The stack 5 has a heat dissipation cavity inlet 51 and a heat dissipation cavity outlet 52 that are connected to each other, and an air inlet 53, a hydrogen inlet 54 and a gas outlet 55 that are connected to each other. The heat dissipation cavity outlet 52 is connected to the gas outlet 41.

[0046] The heat exchanger 6 has a hot inlet 61 and a hot outlet 62 connected to each other, and a cold inlet 63 and a cold outlet 64 connected to each other, the hot outlet 62 is connected to the gas outlet 41, the cold inlet 63 is connected to the hydrogen gas inlet 31, and the cold outlet 64 is connected to the hydrogen gas inlet 54;

[0047] The humidifier 7 has a dry gas inlet 71 and a dry gas outlet 72 connected to each other, and a wet gas inlet 73 and a wet gas outlet 74 connected to each other. The dry gas outlet 72 is connected to the air inlet 53, the gas outlet 55 is connected to the wet gas inlet 73, and the wet gas outlet 74 is connected to the gas outlet 41.

[0048] The first air inlet 11, the first air compressor 12 and the first vortex tube 13 are connected in sequence, and the first vortex tube 13 has a first cold air outlet 131 and a first hot air outlet 132, the first cold air outlet 131 is respectively connected to the dry gas inlet 71, the heat dissipation chamber inlet 51 and the air outlet 41, and the first hot air outlet 132 is respectively connected to the dry gas inlet 71 and the hot inlet 61;

[0049] The second air inlet end 21, the second air compressor 22 and the second vortex tube 23 are connected in sequence, and the second vortex tube 23 has a second cold air outlet 231 and a second hot air outlet 232. The second cold air outlet 231 is respectively connected to the dry gas inlet 71, the heat dissipation chamber inlet 51 and the air outlet end 41, and the second hot air outlet 232 is connected to the hot inlet 61.

[0050] A vortex tube is a thermodynamic device whose main function is to use the rapid rotation of gas in a pipe (i.e., vortex motion) to achieve heat separation. When high-pressure gas enters the vortex tube, it forms a strong spiral flow inside, and part of the energy of the gas is converted into heat energy during this process. Due to the different centrifugal forces in this process, part of the gas is pushed to the outer wall of the tube, and this part of the gas becomes colder due to heat dissipation; the other part of the gas flows to the central area of ​​the tube, and this part of the gas becomes hotter because it gathers most of the energy. Therefore, the vortex tube can produce two output air flows with a significant temperature difference from the same input gas source: one is a low-temperature air flow, and the other is a high-temperature air flow.

[0051] During preheating, the high-temperature gas separated by the first vortex tube 13 and the second vortex tube 23 is respectively passed into the heat exchanger 6 and the humidifier 7, and then passed into the fuel cell 5 through the humidifier 7 for preheating to ensure stability when the hydrogen-oxygen reaction starts. When the reaction is exothermic, the high-humidity gas at the gas outlet 55 of the fuel cell 5 passes through the humidifier 7 to humidify the low-humidity gas about to enter the air inlet 53.

[0052] In some embodiments of the present invention, the stack 5 further has a purge inlet 56 connected to the gas outlet 55, and the purge inlet 56 is respectively connected to the first hot gas outlet 132 and the second hot gas outlet 232. After the reaction is completed, the stack 5 is purged with hot air to remove moisture and extend the service life of the system.

[0053] refer to Figure 2 In some embodiments of the present invention, a four-way valve 81 is further included, wherein the four-way valve 81 has a first four-way inlet 811, a second four-way inlet 812, a first four-way outlet 813 and a second four-way outlet 814, the first cold air outlet 131 is connected to the first four-way inlet 811, the second cold air outlet 231 is connected to the second four-way inlet 812, the first four-way outlet 813 is connected to the dry gas inlet 71, and the second four-way outlet 814 is connected to the heat dissipation chamber inlet 51. Specifically, the four-way valve 81 is a proportional four-way valve 81, and the second cold outlet 64 can be connected to the first four-way inlet 811 and the air outlet 41 in sequence through the second four-way inlet 812.

[0054] In some embodiments of the present invention, a first branch 14 and a first proportional valve 141 are further included. The first cold air outlet 131 and the second cold air outlet 132 are respectively connected to the air outlet end 41 through the first branch 14 , and the first proportional valve 141 is connected in series to the first branch 14 .

[0055] In some embodiments of the present invention, a first proportional three-way valve 82 and a second proportional three-way valve 83 are further included. The first hot air outlet 132 is connected to the dry gas inlet 71 and the hot inlet 61 respectively through the first proportional three-way valve 82, and the second hot air outlet 232 is connected to the hot inlet 61 and the purge inlet 56 respectively through the second proportional three-way valve 83.

[0056] In some embodiments of the present invention, a second branch 15 and a switch valve 151 are further included. One end of the second branch 15 is connected between the first proportional three-way valve 82 and the dry gas inlet 71, and the other end is connected to the purge inlet 56. The switch valve 151 is connected in series to the second branch 15.

[0057] In some embodiments of the present invention, a throttle valve 42 is further included, and the heat dissipation cavity outlet 52, the heat outlet 62, the moisture outlet 74, the first cold air outlet 131, and the second cold air outlet 231 are all connected to the throttle valve 42, and are all connected to the air outlet end 41 through the throttle valve 42.

[0058] In some embodiments of the present invention, a second proportional valve 32 is further included, and the hydrogen inlet end 31 is connected to the cold inlet 63 through the second proportional valve 32 .

[0059] In some embodiments of the present invention, an air flow meter 91 is provided at the air inlet 53, and a temperature sensor 92 is provided at the first cold air outlet 131, the first hot air outlet 132, the second cold air outlet 231, the second hot air outlet 232, the gas outlet 55, and the dry gas inlet 71. The air flow meter 91 and multiple temperature sensors 92 are used to monitor and obtain the temperature and flow of the gas at each location in real time, so as to adjust the proportional opening of the valve, realize the precise management of the reaction temperature of the hydrogen fuel cell system, and ensure the stable operation of the system.

[0060] The embodiment of the present invention also includes a method for using a hydrogen fuel cell system, which is used for the above hydrogen fuel cell system and includes the following steps:

[0061] S1 Preheating: Start the first air compressor 12 and the second air compressor 22, fully open the first proportional valve 141, close the first four-way outlet 813 and the second four-way outlet 814, close the switch valve 151 and the outlet of the second proportional three-way valve 83 connected to the purge inlet 56, open the first proportional three-way valve 82 and adjust its two outlets according to the calibration, control the opening of the throttle 42, and cooperate with the first air compressor 12 and the second air compressor 22 to increase the pressure ratio; when the gas flow rate entering the air inlet 53 reaches the preset flow rate and the gas temperature passing through the gas outlet 55 reaches the preset temperature, the system completes preheating. Among them, the preset flow rate and the preset temperature are the flow rate and temperature required to achieve the preheating effect that are preset and input into the system.

[0062] S2 reaction releases heat: the second proportional valve 32 is opened, and the hydrogen passes through the heat exchanger 6 from the hydrogen inlet 31, enters the fuel cell stack 5 from the hydrogen inlet 54, and starts to react and release heat with the air entering the fuel cell stack 5 through the air inlet 53.

[0063] This solution uses the principle of compressed air passing through a vortex tube to generate two airflows, hot and cold, and uses a dual air compressor and dual vortex tubes to achieve accurate and stable thermal management of the hydrogen fuel cell system; this solution not only eliminates components such as intercoolers, radiators, and water tanks, simplifies system piping, but also significantly reduces the weight, volume, and cost of the system. At the same time, the system load is reduced, the life is extended, and the application scenarios are expanded. In addition, this solution also reduces the requirements for air compressor performance and valve adjustment capabilities, simplifies the control scheme, and avoids risks such as large fluctuations in air temperature in the reactor chamber of the fuel cell stack 5 and insufficient flow supply.

[0064] In some embodiments of the present invention, in S2, when the temperature at the gas outlet 55 is too high, the temperature at the first cold air outlet 131 and the second cold air outlet is lowered and the gas flow rate is increased, and at the same time, the temperature at the dry gas inlet 71 is lowered while the gas flow rate at the air inlet 53 is controlled to remain unchanged; when the temperature at the gas outlet 55 is low, the temperature at the first cold air outlet 131 and the second cold air outlet is increased and the gas flow rate is reduced, and at the same time, the temperature at the air inlet 53 is increased within a preset upper limit, and the gas flow rate at the air inlet 53 is controlled to remain unchanged.

[0065] The temperature sensor reading at the gas outlet 55 represents the ambient temperature inside the fuel cell stack 5. The flow rates of the air in each route are distributed by adjusting the openings of the four-way valve 81, the first proportional three-way valve 82, and the throttle 42. At the same time, the first air compressor 12, the second air compressor 22 and the throttle 42 cooperate to adjust the temperatures of the cold and hot air flows generated by the first vortex tube 13 and the second vortex tube 23, respectively, and temperature sensors at other locations are used for real-time monitoring.

[0066] In some embodiments of the present invention, the following steps are also included:

[0067] S3 shutdown of the fuel cell stack 5: close the first four-way outlet 813 and the second four-way outlet 814, fully open the first proportional valve 141, close the outlet of the second proportional three-way valve 83 connected to the hot inlet 61 and the outlet of the first proportional three-way valve 82 connected to the hot inlet 61, open the switch valve 151, increase the air temperature by adjusting the opening of the throttle valve 42, the speed of the first air compressor 12 and the speed of the second air compressor 22, and use hot air to purge the fuel cell stack 5 to remove moisture.

[0068] In summary, the embodiment of the present invention provides a hydrogen fuel cell system and a method of using the same, which utilizes the principle of compressed air passing through a vortex tube to generate two streams of hot and cold air, and uses a dual air compressor and a dual vortex tube to achieve accurate and stable thermal management of the hydrogen fuel cell system; this solution not only eliminates components such as intercoolers, radiators, and water tanks, simplifies the system piping, but also significantly reduces the weight, volume, and cost of the system, while reducing the system load, extending its life, and expanding its application scenarios. In addition, this solution also reduces the requirements for air compressor performance and valve adjustment capabilities, simplifies the control scheme, and avoids risks such as large fluctuations in air temperature in the reactor chamber of the stack 5 and insufficient flow supply.

[0069] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and substitutions can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention. These improvements and substitutions should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hydrogen fuel cell system, characterized in that: include: A first air inlet end (11), a second air inlet end (21), a hydrogen air inlet end (31), an air outlet end (41), a fuel cell stack (5), a heat exchanger (6), a humidifier (7), a first air compressor (12), a second air compressor (22), a first vortex tube (13), and a second vortex tube (23); The fuel cell stack (5) has a heat dissipation cavity inlet (51) and a heat dissipation cavity outlet (52) that are connected to each other, and an air inlet (53), a hydrogen inlet (54) and a gas outlet (55) that are connected to each other, and the heat dissipation cavity outlet (52) is connected to the gas outlet (41); The heat exchanger (6) has a hot inlet (61) and a hot outlet (62) connected to each other, and a cold inlet (63) and a cold outlet (64) connected to each other, the hot outlet (62) is connected to the gas outlet (41), the cold inlet (63) is connected to the hydrogen gas inlet (31), and the cold outlet (64) is connected to the hydrogen gas inlet (54); The humidifier (7) comprises a dry gas inlet (71) and a dry gas outlet (72) connected to each other, and a wet gas inlet (73) and a wet gas outlet (74) connected to each other, the dry gas outlet (72) being connected to the air inlet (53), the gas outlet (55) being connected to the wet gas inlet (73), and the wet gas outlet (74) being connected to the gas outlet (41); The first air inlet (11), the first air compressor (12) and the first vortex tube (13) are connected in sequence, and the first vortex tube (13) has a first cold air outlet (131) and a first hot air outlet (132), the first cold air outlet (131) is respectively connected to the dry air inlet (71), the heat dissipation chamber inlet (51) and the air outlet (41), and the first hot air outlet (132) is respectively connected to the dry air inlet (71) and the hot inlet (61); The second air inlet end (21), the second air compressor (22) and the second vortex tube (23) are connected in sequence, and the second vortex tube (23) has a second cold air outlet (231) and a second hot air outlet (232), the second cold air outlet (231) is respectively connected to the dry air inlet (71), the heat dissipation chamber inlet (51) and the air outlet end (41), and the second hot air outlet (232) is connected to the hot inlet (61).

2. The hydrogen fuel cell system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fuel cell stack (5) further comprises a purge inlet (56) connected to the gas outlet (55), and the purge inlet (56) is respectively connected to the first hot gas outlet (132) and the second hot gas outlet (232).

3. The hydrogen fuel cell system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The invention also comprises a four-way valve (81), wherein the four-way valve (81) has a first four-way inlet (811), a second four-way inlet (812), a first four-way outlet (813) and a second four-way outlet (814); the first cold air outlet (131) is connected to the first four-way inlet (811); the second cold air outlet (231) is connected to the second four-way inlet (812); the first four-way outlet (813) is connected to the dry air inlet (71); and the second four-way outlet (814) is connected to the heat dissipation chamber inlet (51).

4. The hydrogen fuel cell system according to claim 3, characterized in that: It also includes a first branch (14) and a first proportional valve (141); the first cold air outlet (131) and the second cold air outlet (231) are both connected to the air outlet end (41) through the first branch (14); and the first proportional valve (141) is connected in series to the first branch (14).

5. The hydrogen fuel cell system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The invention also includes a first proportional three-way valve (82) and a second proportional three-way valve (83); the first hot air outlet (132) is connected to the dry gas inlet (71) and the hot inlet (61) respectively through the first proportional three-way valve (82); and the second hot air outlet (232) is connected to the hot inlet (61) and the purge inlet (56) respectively through the second proportional three-way valve (83).

6. The hydrogen fuel cell system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The invention also comprises a second branch (15) and a switch valve (151), wherein one end of the second branch (15) is connected between the first proportional three-way valve (82) and the dry gas inlet (71), and the other end thereof is connected to the purge inlet (56), and the switch valve (151) is connected in series to the second branch (15).

7. The hydrogen fuel cell system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The invention also comprises a throttle valve (42); the heat dissipation chamber outlet (52), the heat outlet (62), the moisture outlet (74), the first cold air outlet (131), and the second cold air outlet (231) are all connected to the throttle valve (42), and are all connected to the air outlet end (41) through the throttle valve (42).

8. A method for using a hydrogen fuel cell system, used in the hydrogen fuel cell system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1 preheating: start the first air compressor (12) and the second air compressor (22), fully open the first proportional valve (141), close the first four-way outlet (813) and the second four-way outlet (814), close the switch valve (151) and the outlet of the second proportional three-way valve (83) connected to the purge inlet (56); when the gas flow rate entering the air inlet (53) reaches a preset flow rate and the gas temperature passing through the gas outlet (55) reaches a preset temperature, the system completes preheating; S2 reaction releases heat: the second proportional valve (32) is opened, and hydrogen passes through the heat exchanger (6) from the hydrogen inlet end (31), enters the fuel cell stack (5) from the hydrogen inlet (54), and starts to react with the air entering the fuel cell stack (5) through the air inlet (53) to release heat.

9. The method for using the hydrogen fuel cell system as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that: In S2, when the temperature at the gas outlet (55) is too high, the temperature at the first cold air outlet (131) and the second cold air outlet is lowered and the gas flow rate is increased, and at the same time, the temperature at the dry gas inlet (71) is lowered while the gas flow rate at the air inlet (53) is controlled to remain unchanged; when the temperature at the gas outlet (55) is too low, the temperature at the first cold air outlet (131) and the second cold air outlet is increased and the gas flow rate is reduced, and at the same time, the temperature at the air inlet (53) is increased within a preset upper limit and the gas flow rate at the air inlet (53) is controlled to remain unchanged.

10. The method for using the hydrogen fuel cell system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The following steps are also included: S3 The battery stack (5) is shut down: the first four-way outlet (813) and the second four-way outlet (814) are closed, the first proportional valve (141) is fully opened, the outlet of the second proportional three-way valve (83) connected to the hot inlet (61) and the outlet of the first proportional three-way valve (82) connected to the hot inlet (61) are closed, the switch valve (151) is opened, and the battery stack (5) is purged with hot air to remove moisture.

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