Chemico-sorption lubricants for data storage devices

Abstract

The lubricant is attached to a magnetic recording medium via at least one of chemisorption or bonding, and includes a perfluorinated polyether attached to or terminated with a functional group, the functional group being a phosphonic acid, a silanol, or a carboxylic acid, and may be: R1-Rf-R1 where Rf is-CF2O (CF2CF2CF2O) n-,-CF2O (CF2CF2CF2O) nCF2-,-CF2O [CF (CF3) CF2O] nCF2-,-CF2O (CF2CF2O) m (CF2O) nCF2-,-CF2O (CF2CF2O) nCF2-, n, m is from 1 to 100, and R1 is a functional group. The lubricant is formed from a plurality of ether segments according to the formula: Re1-Rb1-Ri-Rc-Ri-Rb2-Re2, wherein Rb1-Ri-Rc-Rb2-Re2; wherein Rc comprises a perfluoroalkyl ether, Rb1 and Rb2 are independently side chain segments comprising a perfluoroalkyl ether, optionally Ri is independently a divalent linking segment comprising a functional group comprising an element from groups 13 to 17 of the periodic table, and Re1 and Re2 are phosphonic acid, silanol or carboxylic acid. Lubricant synthesis includes reacting a perfluorinated polyether with a halogenated functional group selected from phosphonic acid, silanol or carboxylic acid.

Description

[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0002] This application claims the benefit of the entire contents of U.S. non-provisional application No. 18 / 204,270 filed on May 31, 2023 and entitled “CHEMISORBED LUBRICANTS FOR DATA STORAGE DEVICES,” and is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety for all purposes, and claims priority to and the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63 / 398,666 filed on August 17, 2022. Technical Field

[0003] The present disclosure relates to lubricants, and more particularly to lubricants having a portion bondable to an outer coating or outer layer of a magnetic recording layer structure, wherein the lubricant is suitable for use in a variety of applications, including magnetic recording media. Background Art

[0004] The present disclosure relates to lubricants suitable for magnetic storage media, and in particular, media configured for high energy recording, such as heat assisted magnetic recording (HAMR), energy assisted magnetic recording (EAMR), or microwave assisted magnetic recording (MAMR). Magnetic storage systems, such as hard disk drive (HDD) systems, are used in a variety of devices in both stationary and mobile computing environments. Examples of devices that include magnetic storage systems include data center storage systems, desktop computers, portable notebook computers, portable hard disk drives, network storage systems, high definition television (HDTV) receivers, vehicle control systems, cellular or mobile phones, television set-top boxes, digital cameras, digital video cameras, video game controllers, and portable media players.

[0005] A typical disk drive includes a magnetic storage medium in the form of one or more flat or circular disks. The disk is usually formed by two main components, namely a substrate material that forms its structure and rigidity, and a magnetic medium coating that maintains magnetic pulses or magnetic moments representing data in a recording layer within the coating. A typical disk drive also includes a read head and a write head, usually in the form of a magnetic transducer, which can sense and / or change the magnetic field stored on the recording layer of the disk. High energy recording technology (such as HAMR) uses high recording temperatures to write information to the medium to increase the area density (AD) of written data on a magnetic storage medium with high coercivity. However, high recording energy, microwaves or temperatures applied to the medium may pose challenges. Other examples of magnetic storage media include flexible tape media that can be used for tape recording.

[0006] One challenge arises from the layer of lubricant that separates the outer layer of the disk from the recording head. The slider (e.g., including the recording head) is typically less than 10 nm away from the disk. Therefore, lubricants must typically be ultra-low profile. However, as the molecular weight of the lubricant backbone is reduced to the range of 100 Da to 1,000 Da to obtain magnetic spacing and reduce the head-disk gap, the vapor pressure of the lubricant molecules increases exponentially. This will significantly increase the desorption rate of the molecules and the risk of lubricant loss, ultimately leading to great instability of sub-monolayer thick lubricant films.

[0007] That is, it is desirable that the lubricant remains stably bonded to the disk and does not readily evaporate into the environment of the HDD. Such loss of media lubricant and / or reduced film stability will compromise the reliability, quality, and durability of the component integration of the disk media and the magnetic head, thereby reducing the overall performance of the actual HDD product. In addition, if the lubricant detaches from the disk surface, the loss of security against the destruction of the necessary mechanical and chemical robustness can cause a HDD to crash rapidly.

[0008] Therefore, there is a need in the art to redesign lubricant designs with specific properties suitable for HDDs and specifically for magnetic recording media, and meet head-disk spacing reduction requirements without losing lubricant film stability and corresponding HDD product chemical / mechanical robustness. This new concept for designing ultra-low profile media lubricants is therefore needed, with a focus on greatly enhancing the surface adsorption of lubricant molecules on the disk outer coating. Summary of the invention

[0009] In one aspect, the present disclosure provides a lubricant configured to be adsorbed by a magnetic recording medium, comprising a perfluorinated polyether terminated with a functional group, wherein the functional group is capable of at least one of chemical adsorption or chemical bonding, and the functional group is at least one of a phosphonic acid, a silanol, or a carboxylic acid. The lubricant may have the following structure:

[0010] R 1 -R f -R 1

[0011] Where R f For-CF 2 O(CF 2 CF 2 CF 2 CF 2 o) n -、-CF 2 o(CF 2 CF 2 CF 2 o) n CF 2 -、-CF 2 O[CF(CF3 )CF 2 O] n CF 2 -、-CF 2 O(CF 2 CF 2 O) m (CF 2 O) n CF 2 -、-CF 2 O(CF 2 CF 2 O) n CF 2 - etc., and m, n are independently 1 to 100 and R 1 The lubricant may also have the following structure:

[0012] R 1 -R f -R 1

[0013] Where R f For-CF 2 O(CF 2 CF 2 O) n CF 2 -, and n is independently 1 to 100, and R 1 For functional groups.

[0014] In the present disclosure, the functional group R 1 Can have the following structure:

[0015]

[0016]

[0017] In one aspect, the present disclosure provides a data storage device configured for magnetic recording, the data storage device comprising:

[0018] Magnetic recording media, comprising:

[0019] substrate;

[0020] a magnetic recording layer disposed on the substrate; and

[0021] an overcoat layer disposed on the magnetic recording layer; and

[0022] The lubricant of the present disclosure is attached to the outer coating. The lubricant may have the following

[0023] structure:

[0024] R 1-R f -R 1

[0025] Where R f For CF 2 O(CF 2 CF 2 CF 2 CF 2 O) n -、-CF 2 O(CF 2 CF 2 CF 2 O) n CF 2 -、-CF 2 O[CF(CF 3 )CF 2 O] n CF 2 -、-CF 2 O(CF 2 CF 2 O) m (CF 2 O) n CF 2 -、-CF 2 O(CF 2 CF 2 O) n CF 2 - and m and n are independently 1 to 100 and R 1 In one aspect, the lubricant may have the following structure:

[0026] R 1 -R f -R 1

[0027] Where R f For-CF 2 O(CF 2 CF 2 O) n CF 2 -, n is 1 to 100 and R 1 For functional groups.

[0028] In one aspect of the data storage device, the functional group may be:

[0029]

[0030] In one aspect, the present disclosure also provides a data storage system, comprising: at least one magnetic head; a magnetic recording medium coated with a lubricant layer according to one or more aspects disclosed herein; a drive device for positioning the at least one magnetic head above the magnetic recording medium; and a controller electrically coupled to the at least one magnetic head to control the operation of the at least one magnetic head.

[0031] In one aspect, the present disclosure also provides a data storage system, comprising a slider including at least one magnetic head and an air bearing surface (ABS), wherein a lubricant film according to one or more aspects disclosed herein is disposed on the ABS; and a magnetic recording medium comprising a magnetic recording layer; wherein the slider is configured to write information to the magnetic recording layer using heat-assisted magnetic recording (HAMR), energy-assisted magnetic recording (EAMR), or microwave-assisted magnetic recording (MAMR).

[0032] In one aspect, the present disclosure provides a lubricant comprising:

[0033] A plurality of segments each linked together by ether bonds according to the following general formula:

[0034] Re 1 -Rb 1 -Ri-Rc-Ri-Rb 2 -Re 2 ;

[0035] wherein Rc is a divalent central segment optionally comprising a perfluoroalkyl ether moiety;

[0036] Among them Rb 1 and Rb 2 Each of which is independently a side chain segment comprising a perfluoroalkyl ether portion;

[0037] wherein each Ri is optional and independently may be a divalent linking segment comprising a functional group comprising an element from Groups 13 to 17 of the Periodic Table of Elements; and

[0038] Among them, Re 1 and Re 2 Each of is independently a monovalent or multivalent terminal segment comprising a functional group comprising an element from Groups 13 to 17 of the Periodic Table of Elements.

[0039] In this disclosure, Re 1 and Re 2 is at least one of a phosphonic acid moiety, a silanol moiety, or a carboxylic acid moiety.

[0040] In one aspect, the present disclosure relates to a method for synthesizing a lubricant, the method comprising reacting a perfluorinated polyether with a halogenated functional group, wherein the functional group is a phosphonic acid, a silanol, or a carboxylic acid. The halogenated functional group may be (2-bromoethyl)phosphonic acid or 4-bromobenzylphosphonic acid. The halogenated functional group may be diethyl 2-bromoethylphosphonate or diethyl (4-bromobenzyl)phosphonate. The halogenated functional group may be (4-chlorophenyl)triethoxysilane or (4-bromophenyl)trimethoxysilane. The halogenated functional group may be a brominated carboxylic acid. The perfluorinated polyether may be CF 2 O(CF 2 CF 2 CF 2 CF 2 O) n -、-CF 2 O(CF 2 CF 2 CF 2 O) n CF 2 -、-CF 2 O[CF(CF 3 )CF 2 O] n CF 2 -、-CF 2 O(CF 2 CF 2 O) m (CF 2 O) n CF 2 -、-CF 2 O(CF 2 CF 2 O) n CF 2 - and m, n are independently 1 to 100. The perfluorinated polyether may be -CF 2 O(CF 2 CF 2 O) n CF 2 -, and n is independently 1 to 100.

[0041] Other aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description, which, when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, illustrates by way of example the principles of the invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0042] Figure 1a is a diagram schematically illustrating a data storage device including a slider and a magnetic recording medium according to one aspect of the present disclosure;

[0043] Figure 1b According to one aspect of the present disclosure Figure 1aA schematic side view of a slider and a magnetic recording medium;

[0044] Figure 2 is a schematic side view of a magnetic recording medium according to one aspect of the present disclosure, the magnetic recording medium being configured for use, for example, in heat-assisted magnetic recording and including a lubricant layer;

[0045] Figure 3 is a graph showing an exemplary relationship between vapor pressure and chain length for different alkane molecules;

[0046] Figure 4 shows a molecular design concept of a lubricant according to one aspect of the present disclosure;

[0047] Figure 5 A schematic diagram showing bonding of a phosphonated lubricant to a protective overcoat layer of a disk-shaped magnetic recording medium for a HDD according to one aspect of the present disclosure is shown;

[0048] Figure 6 A schematic diagram showing bonding of a silanol lubricant to a protective overcoat layer of a disk-shaped magnetic recording medium for a HDD according to an aspect of the present disclosure is shown; and

[0049] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of bonding of a carboxylated lubricant to a protective overcoat layer of a disk-shaped magnetic recording medium for a HDD according to one aspect of the present disclosure is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] Heat-assisted magnetic recording (HAMR) systems operate at significantly higher temperatures than conventional magnetic recording systems, which are also referred to herein as conventional magnetic recording (CMR) systems that do not employ heat or other energy to assist recording. Examples of CMR systems may include perpendicular magnetic recording disk drives and flexible tape media that can be used for magnetic tape recording, which do not employ heat or other energy to assist recording. HAMR is an example of magnetic recording within the energy-assisted magnetic recording (EAMR) technology category, where CMR is supplemented by other energy used in the system. Other examples of EAMR may include microwave-assisted magnetic recording (MAMR) and current applied to various conductive structures and / or magnetic structures near the main pole.

[0051] The thickness of the lubricant on the outer outer coating of the magnetic recording medium (such as the disk of the HDD) is less than 10nm, and ideally forms a chemically adsorbed or chemically bonded molecular layer. The lubricant plays a variety of roles at the head-disk interface, including spacing / gap establishment, chemical integration, pollution prevention, head wear reduction, head-disk interaction control, etc. Ideally, the lubricant film stays on the disk and does not migrate into the environment of the HDD. If it does migrate, the mechanical and chemical integration of the head and disk changes, and thus affects performance. The loss of lubricant film protection caused by highly volatile molecules can even lead to head collisions and ultimately HDD failures. When the organic fluorine and / or hydrocarbon backbone has a molecular weight of less than 2,000 or 3,000Da, the vapor pressure increases exponentially, resulting in an increased probability that the lubricant film will migrate away from the disk without greatly enhancing the surface adsorption of the molecule.

[0052] This desorption / evaporation loss problem is solved by increasing the active bonding sites of the outer coating of the disk and enhancing the chemical adsorption / chemical bonding function of the end groups of the lubricant. In the case where some lubricants can use a single terminal hydroxyl group to bond to the corresponding hydroxyl group on the outer coating surface through a physical bond, the various aspects of the lubricant described herein can convert the physical bond to a chemical bond. This approach has the effect of redesigning the bonding state of the lubricant adsorbed to the outer coating.

[0053] The various aspects of the lubricants described herein may be terminated with a functional group selected from phosphonic acid, silanol or carboxylic acid. Phosphonic acid and silanol have 2 and 3 hydroxyl groups, respectively, at the bonding end of the lubricant to provide initial attachment to additional bonding sites on the outer coating. In addition, phosphonic acid, silanol and carboxylic acid also have a higher degree of oxidation than hydroxyl groups, and when contacting the hydroxyl groups of the outer coating of the magnetic recording medium, they will dehydrate in certain environments, i.e., easily lose H by natural bonding saturation, UV or heat treatment. 2 O.

[0054] In one aspect of the present disclosure, the lubricant has the following structure:

[0055] R 1 -R f -R 1

[0056] Where R f For-CF 2 O(CF 2 CF 2 CF 2 CF 2 O) n -、-CF 2 CF 2 O(CF 2 CF 2 CF 2 O)n CF 2 CF 2 -、-CF 2 O[CF(CF 3 )CF 2 O] n CF 2 -、-CF 2 O(CF 2 CF 2 O) m (CF 2 O) n CF 2 -、-CF 2 O(CF 2 CF 2 O) n CF 2 - and m and n are independently 1 to 100, and R 1 is a functional group selected from phosphonic acid, silanol or carboxylic acid. Alternatively, Rf may be -CF 2 O(CF 2 CF 2 O) n CF 2 -or-CF 2 O(CF 2 CF 2 CF 2 O) n CF 2 -, wherein n is independently 1 to 100, and R 1 For functional groups.

[0057] definition

[0058] For purposes herein and the claims thereto, the new numbering scheme for the Periodic Table Groups is used as described in Chemical and Engineering News, 63(5), p. 27 (1985). Thus, a "Group 4 metal" is an element from Group 4 of the Periodic Table, such as Hf, Ti, or Zr. For purposes herein, unless otherwise indicated, molecular weight refers to weight average molecular weight (Mw) and is expressed as grams per mole (g / mol).

[0059] As used herein, and unless otherwise indicated, the term “ n " means a hydrocarbon or perfluorocarbon having n carbon atoms per molecule, where n is a positive integer. Likewise, "C m -C y "A group or compound is a group or compound containing carbon atoms whose total number is in the range m to y. Thus, C 1 -C4 Alkyl groups refer to alkyl groups containing carbon atoms whose total number ranges from 1 to 4 (eg, 1, 2, 3, and 4).

[0060] The term "moiety" refers to one or more covalently bonded atoms that form a portion of a molecule. The terms "group," "moiety," and "substituent" may be used interchangeably.

[0061] The term "hydrocarbyl group" or "hydrocarbyl" may be used interchangeably and is defined to mean a group containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms. Preferred hydrocarbyl groups are C 1 -C 20 Groups, which may be linear, branched or cyclic, and when cyclic, may be aromatic or non-aromatic. Examples of such groups include, but are not limited to, alkyl groups (such as methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, pentyl, isopentyl, hexyl, octylcyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cyclooctyl and the like), aryl groups (such as phenyl, benzyl, naphthyl and the like).

[0062] For purposes herein, a heteroatom is any non-carbon atom selected from Groups 13 to 17 of the Periodic Table of Elements. In one or more aspects, the heteroatom is a non-metal atom selected from B, N, O, Si, P, S, As, Se, Te, and the halogens F, Cl, Br, I, and At.

[0063] Unless otherwise indicated, the term "substituted" means that at least one hydrogen atom has been replaced with at least one non-hydrogen atom or functional group.

[0064] For the purposes of this article, functional groups include Si(OH) 3 PO(OH) 2 , COOH, a hydrocarbon group, a heteroatom or a heteroatom-containing group, such as a halogen (such as Br, Cl, F or I) or at least one functional group such as -NR* 2 , -NR*-CO-R*, -OR*, *-O-CO-R*, -CO-OR*, -SeR*, -TeR*, -PR* 2 、-PO-(OR*) 2 、-O-PO-(OR*) 2 , -AsR* 2 , -SbR* 2 、-SR*、-SO 2 -(OR*) 2 ,-BR* 2 、-SiR* 3 、-(CH 2 )q-SiR* 3or a combination thereof, wherein q is 1 to 10, and each R* is independently hydrogen, a hydrocarbon group or a halogenated carbonyl group, and two or more R* may be joined together to form a substituted or unsubstituted fully saturated, partially unsaturated or aromatic ring or polycyclic structure, or wherein at least one heteroatom has been inserted into the hydrocarbon ring.

[0065] In one or more aspects, the functional groups may include: saturated C 1 -C 20 Group, unsaturated C 1 -C 20 Group, alicyclic C 3 -C 20 Group, heterocyclic C 3 -C 20 Group, aromatic C 5 -C 20 Group, heteroaromatic C 5 -C 20 group, cyclotriphosphazine group, halogen, -NR* 2 , -NR*-CO-R*, -OR*, -O-CO-R*, -CO-OR*, -SeR*, -TeR*, -PR* 2 、-PO-(OR*) 2 、-O-PO-(OR*) 2 、-N=P(NR* 2 ) 3 , -ASR* 2 、-SR*、-SO 2 -(OR*) 2 ,-BR* 2 、-SiR* 3 、-(CH 2 )q-SiR* 3 ,-(CF 2 )q-SiR* 3 or a combination thereof, wherein q is 1 to 10, and each R* is independently hydrogen; halogen; saturated, unsaturated, aromatic and / or heterocyclic C 1 -C 20 Group.

[0066] For the purposes of this article, the functional group capable of attaching to the surface of the magnetic recording medium refers to a functional group that has a completely changed affinity for the same surface relative to the affinity of the perfluoroalkyl ether to the surface. Completely different affinities can include chemical bonding and chemical adsorption other than conventional physical bonding to the surface of the magnetic recording medium, preferably to the protective outer coating of the recording medium, such as hydrogen bonding, van der Waals forces, weak London dispersion forces, dipole-dipole interactions and / or the like, and / or one or more types of bonds and / or coordination bonds. In one or more aspects, the functional group capable of attaching to the surface of the magnetic recording medium refers to a functional group that chemically has an allowed affinity for the same surface relative to the affinity of the perfluoroalkyl ether to the carbon outer coating (COC) of the magnetic recording medium.

[0067] A heterocycle, also referred to herein as a heterocyclic group, is a ring having a heteroatom in the ring structure, as distinct from a heteroatom-substituted ring in which a hydrogen on a ring atom is replaced by a heteroatom. For example, tetrahydrofuran is a heterocycle, and 4-N,N-dimethylamino-phenyl is a heteroatom-substituted ring. A substituted heterocycle is a heterocycle in which a hydrogen of one of the ring atoms is replaced, such as by a hydrocarbon group or a heteroatom-containing group.

[0068] A "compound" refers to a substance composed of two or more separate chemical elements. A "derivative" refers to a compound in which one or more of the atoms or functional groups of a precursor compound has been replaced by another atom or functional group, usually by means of a chemical reaction having one or more steps.

[0069] For the purposes of this document, unless otherwise specified, the medium lubricant includes multiple segments and each segment is attached to another segment through an ether bond (e.g., a -COC bond). For the purposes of this document, the segment containing a perfluoropolyalkyl ether portion may have the following general formula:

[0070] -(CF 2 ) a O-;

[0071] wherein each a is 1 to 100. The segment comprising a perfluoroalkyl ether portion has the following general formula:

[0072] -(CF 2 ) a O) b -;

[0073] wherein each a is 1 to 100, and b is the number of repeating units in the segment.

[0074] The perfluoroalkyl ether moieties present in a particular segment are bonded together to form a perfluoropolyalkyl ether chain. Unless otherwise specified, each of the perfluoroalkyl ether moieties present in a perfluoropolyalkyl ether segment may be the same or different. For example, the following are each example of a perfluoropolyalkyl ether segment:

[0075] i)-(CF 2 CF 2 O) b -, perfluoropolyethyl ether segment;

[0076] ii)-(CF 2 CF 2 CF 2 O) b -, perfluoropolypropyl ether segment;

[0077] iii)-(CF(CF 3 )CF 2 O) b -, perfluoropolybutyl ether segment;

[0078] iv)-(CF 2 CF 2 CF 2 CF 2 O) b -, perfluoropolybutyl ether segment; and

[0079] v)-(CF 2 CF 2 O) b -(CF 2 O) b’ -, perfluoropolyethyl ether-perfluoropolymethyl ether segment, also known as Z-segment in the art.

[0080] For purposes herein, a segment, such as a divalent core segment including a perfluoroalkyl ether moiety Rc and / or a divalent core segment including a perfluoroalkyl ether moiety Rb 1 and Rb 2 The molecular weight of a divalent side chain segment is defined as the molecular weight of the perfluoroalkyl ether moiety present in the segment.

[0081] Unless otherwise indicated, a divalent central segment (abbreviated herein as Rc) refers to a divalent chemical moiety optionally comprising a perfluoroalkyl ether moiety or optionally formed from one or more perfluoroalkyl ether moieties, which is chemically bonded to the connecting segment moieties on either side via an ether bond.

[0082] The intermediate or connecting segment, abbreviated herein as Ri, refers to a chemical moiety bonded between the central segment and the side chain segments through an ether bond and includes at least one functional group, which is preferably selected to attach to a protective layer of a magnetic recording medium.

[0083] The side chain segment (abbreviated herein as Rb) refers to a divalent chemical moiety including a perfluoroalkyl ether moiety or formed of one or more perfluoroalkyl ether moieties, which is chemically bonded to the linking segment moiety and the terminal segment via an ether bond.

[0084] A terminal segment, abbreviated herein as Re, refers to a monovalent group that includes at least one functional group preferably selected to attach to a protective layer of a magnetic recording medium.The terminal moiety is located at either end of a side chain of a lubricant molecule.

[0085] For any particular compound disclosed herein, unless otherwise stated, any general or specific structure presented also encompasses all conformational isomers, regioisomers, and stereoisomers that may result from a particular set of substituents. Similarly, unless otherwise stated, the general or specific structure also encompasses all enantiomers, diastereomers, and other optical isomers (whether enantiomeric or racemic forms), as well as mixtures of stereoisomers, as will be recognized by the skilled artisan.

[0086] As used herein, the term "aromatic" also refers to pseudoaromatic heterocycles, which are heterocyclic substituents having similar properties and structure (almost planar) as aromatic heterocyclic ligands but which are not aromatic by definition; likewise, the term aromatic also refers to substituted aromatic compounds.

[0087] As used herein, a moiety that is chemically identical to another moiety is defined as being identical in overall composition except for isotopic abundance and / or distribution, and / or except for stereochemical arrangements such as optical isomers, conformers, steric isomers and / or the like.

[0088] Data storage devices

[0089] Figure 1a FIG. 1 is a schematic top view of a data storage device 100 (e.g., a disk drive or magnetic recording device) configured for magnetic recording according to one or more aspects of the present disclosure, the data storage device including a slider 108 and a magnetic recording medium or disk 102 having a lubricant layer. A laser specifically for heat-assisted magnetic recording (HAMR) (in Figure 1a Not visible in , but in Figure 1b114) is positioned with a head / slider 108. The disk drive 100 may include one or more disks / media 102 to store data. The disks / media 102 reside on a spindle assembly 104 mounted to a drive housing. Data may be stored along tracks in the magnetic recording layer of the disks 102. Reading and writing of data is accomplished with a head 108 (slider) that may have both a read element and a write element (108a and 108b). The write element 108a is used to change the properties of the magnetic recording layer of the disk 102 and thereby write information to it. In one aspect, the head 108 may have a magnetoresistive (MR), giant magnetoresistive (GMR), or tunnel magnetoresistive (TMR) element. In an alternative aspect, the head 108 may be another type of head, such as a Hall effect head. In operation, a spindle motor (not shown) rotates the spindle assembly 104, and thus the disks 102, to position the head 108 at a specific location along a desired disk track 107. The position of the head 108 relative to the disk 102 may be controlled by a control circuit system 110 (e.g., a microcontroller). It should be noted that while an exemplary HAMR system is shown, the various embodiments described may be used with other EAMR or non-EAMR magnetic data recording systems, including perpendicular magnetic recording (PMR) disk drives or tape drives.

[0090] Figure 1b is a slider 108 and is configured for HAMR Figure 1a 1 is a schematic side view of a magnetic recording medium 102. According to one or more aspects of the present disclosure, the magnetic recording medium 102 includes a lubricant layer (see Figure 2 ). The slider 108 may include a submount 112 attached to an upper surface of the slider 108. A laser 114 may be attached to the submount 112 and may be attached to the slider 108. The slider 108 includes a writing element (e.g., a writer) 108a and a reading element (e.g., a reader) 108b, which are positioned along an air bearing surface (ABS) 108c of the slider for writing information to the medium 102 and reading information from the medium 102, respectively.

[0091] In operation, the laser 114 used in HAMR is configured to generate and direct optical energy to a waveguide in the slider (e.g., along the dashed line), which directs the light to a near field transducer (NFT) proximate to the air bearing surface (e.g., bottom surface) 108c of the slider 108. Upon receiving light from the laser 114 via the waveguide, the NFT generates localized thermal energy that heats a portion of the medium 102 within or proximate to both the writing element 108a and the reading element 108b. The recording temperature is expected to be in the range of about 350°C to 400°C. In the aspect shown in FIG. 1B, the laser directed light is disposed within the writer 108a and proximate to the trailing edge of the slider. In other aspects, the laser directed light may instead be positioned between the writer 108a and the reader 108b. Figure 1b A specific example of a HAMR system is shown. In other examples, the magnetic recording medium 102 with a lubricant layer according to aspects of the present disclosure can be used in other suitable HAMR systems (e.g., with other sliders configured for HAMR). The technology can also be used in EAMR and MAMR systems, or in non-HAMR systems.

[0092] Magnetic recording media

[0093] Figure 2 2 is a schematic side view of a magnetic recording medium 200 configured for, for example, heat-assisted magnetic recording and having a lubricant layer according to one or more aspects of the present disclosure. In one aspect, the magnetic recording medium 200 can be used in a data storage system (e.g., a disk drive 100) configured for HAMR, EAMR, or MAMR. The magnetic recording medium 200 has a stacked structure, wherein a substrate 202 is at the bottom / base layer, an adhesion layer 204 is located on the substrate 202, a heat sink layer 206 is located on the adhesion layer 204, an interlayer 208 is located on the heat sink layer 206, a magnetic recording layer (MRL) 210 is located on the interlayer 208, a capping layer 212 is located on the MRL 210, an outer coating layer 214 is located on the capping layer 212, and a lubricant layer 216 is located on the outer coating layer 214. In one aspect, the magnetic recording medium 200 can have a soft magnetic underlayer (SUL) located between the adhesion layer 204 and the heat sink layer 206. In one aspect, the magnetic recording medium 200 can have a thermal resistance layer (TRL) between the interlayer 208 and the heat sink layer 206. In non-HAMR recording media, some layers such as the TRL and the heat sink layer may not be present or may be replaced by different layers. In one aspect, the substrate 202 can be made of one or more materials such as Al alloy, Al plated with NiP, glass, glass ceramic, and / or combinations thereof. In some aspects, the magnetic recording medium 200 can have various stacking orders. Figure 2 Some or all of the layers shown in and / or additional layers. It should also be noted that Figure 2Each layer shown in can include one or more sub-layers. For example, in some embodiments, the magnetic recording layer can have multiple layers.

[0094] Lubricants

[0095] In one aspect, the lubricants disclosed herein can be used as lubricating molecular layers that can be used in various mechanical devices, including data storage systems (e.g., hard disk drives or tape drives) and other micro-electromechanical systems configured for magnetic recording. A polymer or macromolecular lubricant can form a lubricant layer when one or more functional groups of the lubricant adsorb or otherwise couple to the lubricated surface. For example, a lubricant layer 216 is formed on an outer coating 214 of a magnetic recording medium 200 (e.g., a magnetic disk including a magnetic recording layer 210) that moves relative to other components in a mechanical device. This lubricant layer 216 helps protect the magnetic recording medium from friction, wear, contamination, and / or damage caused by interactions between the magnetic recording medium and other components in the mechanical device (e.g., interactions between a slider and the magnetic recording medium in a particular environment, such as contact, grinding, abrasion, and erosion). In other words, this interfacial polymer and / or molecular layer helps achieve interfacial bonding between the magnetic recording medium and a write / read head (e.g., such as included in a magnetic recording head). Figure 1b Reliable, robust and durable chemical / mechanical integration of sliders 108).

[0096] Figure 3 is a diagram showing different alkane molecules [e.g., methane (CH 4 ), ethane (C 2 H 6 ), propane (C 3 H 8 ), butane (C 4 H 10 ), pentane (C 5 H 12 ), hexane (C 6 H 14 ), heptane (C 7 H 16 ), octane (C 8 H 18 ), nonane (C 9 H 20 ), decane (C 10 H 22 ), dodecane (C 12 H 26 ), pentadecane (C 15 H 32 ) and octadecane (C 18 H 38 )] is a graph of an exemplary relationship between vapor pressure and chain length. Figure 3The vapor pressure at 25 °C is shown as the -CH 2 function of the number of repeating units. It can be seen that the vapor pressure decreases exponentially with increasing chain length. On the other hand, the vapor pressure increases significantly with decreasing alkane chain length. In general, the vapor pressure of fluorocarbon molecules can be higher than that of hydrocarbon molecules. As a result, when shorter perfluoroalkyl ether chains are used in the design of media lubricant molecules, this significantly increased vapor pressure will promote loss of lubricant coverage / protection, dewetting / film rupture and other adverse mechanical / chemical integration effects. The lubricants of the present disclosure address this problem by promoting different surface physics on the outer coating of the magnetic recording media via the introduction of chemical adsorption and / or chemical bonding beyond conventional physical bonding.

[0097] Figure 4 The molecular design according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. The molecular design includes a perfluorinated polyether (PFPE) chain (R f )402, where R f Can be -CF 2 O(CF 2 CF 2 CF 2 CF 2 O) n -、-CF 2 O(CF 2 CF 2 CF 2 O) n CF 2 -、-CF 2 O[CF(CF 3 )CF 2 O] n CF 2 -、-CF 2 O(CF 2 CF 2 O) m (CF 2 O) n CF 2 -、-CF 2 O(CF 2 CF 2 O) n CF 2 - and m and n are independently 1 to 100. PFPE chain (R f) 402 is terminated with a chemisorbed group 404, which can be selected from a phosphonic acid, a silanol, or a carboxylic acid. The chemisorbed group 404 is bonded to the outer coating 214 above the substrate of the magnetic recording medium 200, 408 via an oxygen portion 406. This molecular film design greatly enhances absorption to produce an ultra-low profile and / or short-frame lubricant layer. That is, the bonding of the lubricant molecules to the recording medium surface is achieved using chemical bonding through, for example, phosphonic acid, silanol, or carboxylic acid to produce a bonding ratio of about 100%, which produces stable adsorption even at high temperatures, accompanied by greatly enhanced film stability and reduced lubricant consumption. When the carbon outer coating (COC) is <10nm, the chemisorbed or chemically reacted phosphonate / silane / carboxyl-terminated self-assembled monolayer (SAM)-like interface can also produce oxidation / corrosion inhibition while compensating for possible poor coverage. That is, surface passivation produces a more comprehensive improvement in chemical and contamination robustness.

[0098] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the bonding of a lubricant 502 formed of a perfluorinated polyether (PFPE) to a phosphonic acid end group 504 captured by an -OH portion 506 of an outer coating 508 of a magnetic recording medium is shown. The esterification reaction bonds the divalent end of the phosphonic acid to the outer coating more strongly than conventional hydrogen bonding van der Waals forces, weak London dispersion forces, dipole-dipole interactions, etc. of the prior art. An exemplary structure of the lubricant can be shown as:

[0099] (HO) 2 O=PR f -P=O(OH) 2

[0100] Where R f For-CF 2 O(CF 2 CF 2 CF 2 CF 2 O) n -、-CF 2 O(CF 2 CF 2 CF 2 O) n CF 2 -、-CF 2 O[CF(CF 3 )CF 2 O] n CF 2 -、-CF 2 O(CF 2 CF 2 O) m (CF 2 O) n CF 2 -、-CF2 O(CF 2 CF 2 O) n CF 2 - and m, n are independently 1 to 100.

[0101] One form of the phosphonic acid end groups may be:

[0102]

[0103] The inclusion of a benzene ring promotes higher thermal stability, better coverage, and enhanced molecular conformation. The aromatic ring is not limited to benzene, and other aromatic substituents may be used, such as naphthalene, anthracene, phenanthrene, pyrene, etc. Other configurations may be non-aromatic in nature:

[0104]

[0105]

[0106] There are alternative routes to synthesize lubricants with phosphonic acid end groups. One exemplary route is to perform a substitution reaction of a perfluorinated polyether with brominated phosphonic acid:

[0107]

[0108] Another exemplary synthetic route is to react a perfluorinated polyether with a brominated phosphonate followed by hydrolysis to produce a phosphonated polyether:

[0109]

[0110] Figure 6 The perfluorinated polyether (PFPE) R having silanol end groups 604 is shown. f Schematic diagram of the bonding of the formed lubricant 602 to the -OH moieties 606 of the overcoat layer 608 of the magnetic recording medium. The triple chemical bonding to the Si atoms results in very strong adhesion to the surface of the magnetic recording medium.

[0111] The silanol functionality can be linear or associated with an aromatic ring:

[0112]

[0113]

[0114] This siliconized polyether can be synthesized by using the substitution reaction of halogenated silane with perfluorinated polyether:

[0115]

[0116] Figure 7A schematic diagram of bonding a carboxylated lubricant to a protective outer coating of a magnetic disk configured for magnetic recording according to one aspect of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 7 In the present invention, a perfluorinated polyether (PFPE) having a carboxyl terminal group 704 is used. f The lubricant 702 is formed to chemically bond with -OH moieties 706 on the outer coating 708 of the HDD disk.

[0117] In the present disclosure, the functional group may be of the formula HOOC-(CH 2 ) a -R-(CH 2 ) a -COOH has the formula -(CH 2 ) n -COOH carboxylic acid, wherein a is 1 to 20 and R is -CF 2 O(CF 2 CF 2 CF 2 CF 2 O) n -、-CF 2 O(CF 2 CF 2 CF 2 O) n CF 2 -、-CF 2 O[CF(CF 3 )CF 2 O] n CF 2 -、-CF 2 O(CF 2 CF 2 O) m (CF 2 O) n CF 2 -、-CF 2 O(CF 2 CF 2 O) n CF 2 - and m, n are independently 1 to 100. The molecule can be synthesized by reacting a perfluorinated polyether with a halogenated carboxylic acid:

[0118]

[0119] Another exemplary medium lubricant includes a plurality of segments each linked together by ether bonds according to the following general formula:

[0120] Re 1 -Rb 1 -Ri-Rc-Ri-Rb 2 -Re2 ;

[0121] wherein Rc is a divalent central segment comprising a perfluoroalkyl ether moiety; Rb 1 is the first side chain segment, Rb 2 is a second side chain segment, each independently comprising a perfluoroalkyl ether portion; each Ri segment is independently a divalent linking segment comprising a functional group comprising an element from Groups 13 to 17 of the Periodic Table of Elements, which in this aspect is a hydroxyl group (—OH). 1 is the first terminal segment and Re 2 is a second terminal segment, each of which is a monovalent or divalent terminal segment selected from a phosphonic acid moiety, a silanol moiety, or a carboxylic acid moiety. In this aspect, each of the side chain segments includes a perfluoroethyl ether moiety -(CF 2 CF 2 O) b -, where b is 6, for example b 1 and b 2 , and the central segment includes a perfluoroethyl ether portion -(CF 2 CF 2 O) b -, where b is 2, for example b 3 Each of the linking segments includes a hydroxyl functional group and a terminal group Re 1 and Re 2 , which is selected to be able to attach to the surface of the carbon overcoat of the recording medium, in part due to being a highly polar or chemisorbable moiety.

[0122] Another exemplary boundary lubricant includes a plurality of segments each linked together by ether bonds according to the following general formula:

[0123] Re 1 -Rb 1 -Ri-Rc-Ri-Rb 2 -Re 2 ;

[0124] wherein Rc is a divalent central segment comprising a perfluoroalkyl ether moiety; Rb 1 is the first side chain segment, Rb 2 is a second side chain segment, each independently comprising a perfluoroalkyl ether portion; each Ri segment is independently a divalent linking segment comprising a functional group comprising an element from Groups 13 to 17 of the Periodic Table of Elements, which in this aspect is a hydroxyl group (—OH). 1 is the first terminal segment and Re 2 is a second terminal segment, each of which is a monovalent or divalent terminal selected from a phosphonic acid moiety, a silanol moiety, or a carboxylic acid moiety. In this aspect of the present disclosure, Rb 1 ≠Rc≠Rb2 , and Rb 1 =Rb 2 .

[0125] In this aspect, each of the side chain segments includes a perfluoroethyl ether moiety -(CF 2 CF 2 O) b -, where b is 2, for example b 1 and b 2 , and the central segment includes a perfluoroethyl ether portion -(CF 2 CF 2 O) b -, where b is 6, for example b 3 .

[0126] In various aspects, a lubricant layer can be formed on a magnetic recording medium, particularly on a protective outer coating, via a dip coating method. For example, in one aspect, the magnetic recording medium can be immersed in a lubricant bath, the lubricant bath comprising a perfluorinated polyether (PFPE)-based lubricant and a specialty solvent, such as VERTREL-XF (1,1,1,2,3,4,4,5,5,5-decafluoropentane) according to one or more aspects of the present disclosure. After a predetermined amount of time, the magnetic recording medium can be taken out of the lubricant bath at a controlled rate. The solvent is then evaporated, leaving a lubricant layer comprising a molecular dilute lubricant according to an aspect of the present disclosure. The percentage of lubricant remaining on the surface of the magnetic recording medium after the lubricant is set can be referred to as the percentage of bonding or the percentage of bonding. By exposing a lubricated magnetic recording medium with a solvent used in a lubricant bath, the percentage of bonding in different time periods can be quantified.

[0127] In one aspect, the thickness of the lubricant layer can be adjusted by controlling the duration of immersion of the magnetic recording medium in the lubricant bath, the rate at which the magnetic recording medium is removed from the coating solution, and / or the concentration of the lubricant in the lubricant bath.

[0128] In one or more aspects, the concentration of the lubricant in the lubricant bath can range from about 0.001 g / L to about 10 g / L. In still other aspects, the concentration of the lubricant in the lubricant bath can be selected so as to obtain a resulting lubricant layer having a thickness down to the nanometer level.

[0129] It should be noted that forming a lubricant layer on the surface of the magnetic recording medium, in particular on the surface of the protective overcoat, is not limited to dip coating, but may also involve spin coating, spray coating, vapor deposition, combinations thereof, or any other suitable coating process as will be understood by those skilled in the art after reading this disclosure. In addition, the magnetic recording layer, the protective overcoat, and / or any other layer of the medium (e.g., including for Figure 2Each layer (shown in medium 200) can be formed using any of a variety of deposition methods known in the art.

[0130] Note that the methodologies presented herein for at least some of the various aspects may be implemented in whole or in part by computer hardware, manually, using specialized equipment, and / or the like, and combinations thereof.

[0131] Furthermore, any of the structures and / or steps may be implemented using known materials and / or techniques as will become apparent to one skilled in the art after reading this disclosure.

[0132] The above description is for the purpose of illustrating the general principles of the present disclosure and is not meant to limit the inventive concepts claimed herein.In addition, specific features described herein may be used in combination with other described features in each of the various possible combinations and permutations.

[0133] It should be noted that in the development of any such practical aspects, many implementation-specific decisions must be made to achieve the developer's specific goals, such as complying with system-related and business-related constraints, which vary from implementation to implementation. In addition, it should be understood that such development work may be complex and time-consuming, but will still be routine work for those of ordinary skill in the art who benefit from this disclosure. In addition, the devices, systems and / or methods used / disclosed herein may also include some components other than those cited.

[0134] Unless otherwise specifically defined herein, all terms are to be given their broadest possible interpretations, including the implicit meanings in this specification as well as the meanings understood by those skilled in the art and / or as defined in dictionaries, treatises, and the like.

[0135] It must also be noted that, as used in this specification and the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" include plural referents unless otherwise indicated.

[0136] As also used herein, the term "about" represents an interval of precision that ensures the technical effect of the feature in question. In various methods, when combined with a value, the term "about" refers to plus and minus 20% of the reference value. For example, a thickness of about 10 nm refers to a thickness of 10 nm + / - 2 nm, for example, 0.8 nm to 1.2 nm in this example.

[0137] In the thickness and this specific embodiment, each numerical value should be read once modified by the term "about" (unless it has been explicitly modified as such), and then read again without modification, unless the context otherwise indicates. In addition, in the Summary of the Invention and this specific embodiment, it should be understood that the physical range listed or described as useful, suitable or the like means that any and every value within the range, including the endpoints, will be considered to have been described. For example, "a range of 1 to 10" will be read as representing every possible number in the continuum between about 1 and about 10. Therefore, even if a specific data point within the range or even no data point within the range is clearly identified or only refers to a few specific data points, it should be understood that the inventors understand and understand that any and all data points within the range should be considered to have been specified, and the inventors have an understanding of the entire range and all points within the range.

[0138] As used in this specification and claims, "close to" includes "at". The term "and / or" refers to an inclusive "and" case as well as an exclusive "or" case, and such terms are used herein for brevity. For example, a composition formed by "A and / or B" can be A alone, B alone, or both A and B.

[0139] Various components described in this specification may be described as "comprising" and / or being made of and / or "having" certain materials, properties, or combinations of materials. In one aspect, this may mean that the component has certain materials, properties, or combinations of materials. In another aspect, this may mean that the component has certain materials, properties, or combinations of materials.

[0140] The word "exemplary" is used herein to mean "serving as an example, instance, or illustration." Any specific implementation or aspect described herein as "exemplary" is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other aspects of the disclosure. Likewise, the term "aspect" does not require that all aspects of the disclosure include the discussed feature, advantage, or mode of operation. The term "coupled" is used herein to refer to a direct or indirect coupling between two objects. For example, if object A physically contacts object B, and object B contacts object C, then object A and object C may still be considered to be coupled to each other (even if they are not directly in physical contact with each other).

[0141] It should be further noted that the term "over" and / or the term "on" as used in the present disclosure in the context of one component being over another component or in the context of one component being on another component may be used to refer to a component that is directly on a surface of another component (e.g., disposed in physical contact with a surface of another component) and / or in another component (e.g., directly embedded in a component). Thus, for example, a first component being over or on a second component may mean that (1) the first component is over or above the second component but not in direct contact with the second component, (2) the first component is directly on the second component (e.g., directly on a surface of the second component), and / or (3) the first component is in the second component (e.g., embedded in the second component).

[0142] In the present disclosure, various value ranges may be specified, described and / or claimed. It should be noted that any time when a range is specified, described and / or claimed in the specification and / or claims is meant to include end values ​​(at least in one aspect). In another aspect, the range may not include end values ​​of the range. In the present disclosure, various values ​​(e.g., value X) may be specified, described and / or claimed. In one aspect, it should be understood that value X may be exactly equal to X. In one aspect, it should be understood that value X may be "about X" with the above meaning. Similarly, when determining a value according to an equation, it should be understood that in one aspect, the value is equal to the value calculated according to the equation, and in another aspect, the value is approximately equal to the value calculated according to the equation according to the above meaning, or as clearly provided, such as plus or minus (+ / -) a specific amount.

[0143] Although various aspects have been described above, it should be understood that they are presented by way of example only and not limitation. Thus, the breadth and scope of aspects of the present invention should not be limited by any of the above exemplary aspects, but should only be defined in accordance with the following claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A lubricant configured to be adsorbed by a magnetic recording medium, the lubricant comprising: Perfluorinated polyether terminated with functional groups, The functional group is capable of at least one of chemical adsorption or chemical bonding, and the functional group comprises at least one of phosphonic acid, silanol or carboxylic acid.

2. The lubricant according to claim 1, wherein the lubricant has the following structure: R1-R f -R1 Where R f -CF2O(CF2CF2CF2CF2O) n -、-CF2O(CF2CF2CF2O) n CF2-, -CF2O [CF(CF3)CF2O] n CF2-, -CF2O(CF2CF2O) m (CF2O) n CF2-, -CF2O(CF2CF2O) n CF2-, and m and n are independently 1 to 100, and R1 is the functional group.

3. The lubricant according to claim 1, wherein the lubricant has the following structure: R1-R f -R1 Where R f -CF2O(CF2CF2O) n CF2-, and n is independently 1 to 100, and R1 is a functional group.

4. The lubricant according to claim 1, wherein the functional group comprises:

5. The lubricant according to claim 1, wherein the functional group comprises:

6. The lubricant according to claim 1, wherein the functional group comprises:

7. The lubricant according to claim 1, wherein the functional group comprises:

8. The lubricant according to claim 1, wherein the functional group comprises:

9. A magnetic recording medium, comprising: substrate; a magnetic recording layer, the magnetic recording layer being located on the substrate; and an outer coating layer, the outer coating layer being disposed on the magnetic recording layer; as well as The lubricant of claim 1, said lubricant being attached to said outer coating.

10. A data storage device configured for magnetic recording, the data storage device comprising: at least one magnetic head; The magnetic recording medium according to claim 9; a drive device for positioning the at least one magnetic head above the magnetic recording medium; and A controller is electrically coupled to the at least one magnetic head for controlling the operation of the at least one magnetic head.

11. The data storage device according to claim 10, wherein the lubricant has the following structure: R1-R f -R1 Where R f It is -CF2O(CF2CF2O)nCF2-, n is 1 to 100, and R1 is a functional group.

12. The data storage device according to claim 10, wherein the lubricant has the following structure: R1-R f -R1 Where R f -CF2O(CF2CF2CF2CF2O) n -、-CF2O(CF2CF2CF2O) n CF2-, -CF2O [CF(CF3)CF2O] n CF2-, -CF2O(CF2CF2O) m (CF2O) n CF2-, -CF2O(CF2CF2O) n CF2-, and m and n are independently 1 to 100, and R1 is a functional group.

13. The data storage device of claim 12, wherein the functional group comprises: or or or or 14. A data storage system, comprising: a slider comprising at least one magnetic head and an air bearing surface, wherein a thin film of the lubricant according to claim 1 is disposed on the air bearing surface; and A magnetic recording medium, the magnetic recording medium comprising a magnetic recording layer; Wherein the slider is configured to write information to the magnetic recording layer using at least one of: heat-assisted magnetic recording, energy-assisted magnetic recording, or microwave-assisted magnetic recording.

15. A lubricant, comprising: A plurality of segments, each of which is linked together by ether bonds according to the following general formula: To 1 -Rb 1 -Ri-Rc-Ri-Rb 2 -To 2 ; wherein Rc is a divalent central segment comprising a perfluoroalkyl ether moiety; Among them Rb 1 and Rb 2 Each of which is independently a side chain segment comprising a perfluoroalkyl ether portion: wherein each Ri is optional and independently a divalent linking segment comprising a functional group comprising an element from Groups 13 to 17 of the Periodic Table of Elements; and Among them, Re 1 and Re 2 Each of is a functional group including at least one of phosphonic acid, silanol or carboxylic acid.

16. A method of synthesizing a lubricant, the method comprising: The perfluorinated polyether is reacted with a halogenated functional group, wherein the functional group is a phosphonic acid, a silanol, or a carboxylic acid.

17. The method according to claim 16, wherein the halogenated functional group is (2-bromoethyl)phosphonic acid or 4-bromobenzylphosphonic acid.

18. The method according to claim 16, wherein the halogenated functional group is diethyl 2-bromoethylphosphonate or diethyl (4-bromobenzyl)phosphonate.

19. The method according to claim 16, wherein the halogenated functional group is (4-chlorophenyl)triethoxysilane or (4-bromophenyl)trimethoxysilane.

20. The method according to claim 16, wherein the perfluorinated polyether is -CF2O(CF2CF2CF2CF2O) n -、-CF2O(CF2CF2CF2O) n CF2-, -CF2O [CF(CF3)CF2O] n CF2-, -CF2O(CF2CF2O) m (CF2O) n CF2-, -CF2O(CF2CF2O) n CF2-, and m and n are independently 1 to 100.

21. The method according to claim 17, wherein the perfluorinated polyether is -CF2O(CF2CF2O) n CF2-, and n is independently 1 to 100.

Images