Ni-Cr-Fe alloy welding wire and preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The application provides a Ni-Cr-Fe alloy welding wire and a preparation method and application thereof, and the Ni-Cr-Fe alloy welding wire is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by weight: C: 0.020-0.030%; Si: less than or equal to 0.50%; Mn: less than or equal to 1.0%; P: less than or equal to 0.0050%; S: less than or equal to 0.0050%; Cr: 28.0-31.5%; Mo: 0.10-0.50%; Ti: less than or equal to 0.50%; Al: 0.10-0.30%; the sum of the percentage by weight of Nb and Ta: 0.75-0.95%; Fe: 8.0-10.0%; Cu: less than or equal to 0.02%; Co: less than or equal to 0.02%; Bi: less than or equal to 0.002%; B: less than or equal to 0.005%; Zr: less than or equal to 0.002%; N: less than or equal to 0.02%; W and V: less than 0.02%; O: less than or equal to 0.0015%; H: less than or equal to 0.0005%; Pb: less than 0.001%; As: less than 0.001%; Sb: less than 0.003%; Sn: less than 0.005%; the balance is Ni; and other impurity elements: less than or equal to 0.10%. The application controls the relationship and proportion of key elements such as Al, Ti, Nb, Mo, C and N and Mn, so that the stability of the product is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of welding materials, in particular to a Ni-Cr-Fe alloy welding wire and a preparation method and application thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the development of the nuclear industry, nickel-based alloys are increasingly used in nuclear power equipment, and nickel-based alloy welding materials have also been widely used. Because 690 nickel-based alloys have excellent stress corrosion resistance and can maintain high plasticity and toughness at high temperatures, they are widely used in nuclear power engineering. The 690 nickel-based alloy welding material is mainly used for welding the safety end of the connecting pipe of the nuclear island main equipment such as the reactor pressure vessel, the steam generator, and the pressurizer, and the corrosion-resistant layer overlaying.

[0003] For example, the Chinese invention patent with the authorization announcement number CN 111889916 B and the announcement date of December 10, 2021 discloses a nickel-based alloy welding wire for welding of nuclear island main equipment dissimilar steel and a preparation and use method; the Chinese invention patent with the authorization announcement number CN 113319468 B and the announcement date of April 14, 2023 discloses a component design method of a nickel-based alloy welding wire for nuclear power and a nickel-based alloy welding wire for nuclear power;

[0004] The patent with the authorization announcement number CN 102581513 B and the authorization announcement date of January 14, 2015 discloses a nickel-based welding wire for nuclear island main equipment of a nuclear power plant; the patent with the application publication number CN 113737057 A and the application publication date of December 03, 2021 discloses a preparation method of a nuclear-grade nickel-based high-temperature alloy welding wire material.

[0005] The above patents do not explicitly mention the control relationship and ratio between Al, Ti, Nb, Mo, C, N and Mn elements, as well as the preparation method of high purity and cleanliness control of the welding wire. SUMMARY

[0006] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of the present application is to provide a Ni-Cr-Fe alloy welding wire and a preparation method and application thereof, which is used to solve the problem of high cost of existing Ni-Cr-Fe alloy welding materials for nuclear power equipment.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned purposes and other related purposes, the present application is obtained by including the following technical solutions.

[0008] The present application provides a Ni-Cr-Fe alloy welding wire, which is composed of the following components by weight percentage:

[0009] C: 0.020-0.030%; Si≤0.50%; Mn≤1.0%; P≤0.0050%; S≤0.0050%; Cr: 28.0-31.5%; Mo: 0.10-0.50%; Ti≤0.50%; Al: 0.10-0.30%; the sum of the weight percentages of Nb and Ta: 0.75-0.95%; Fe: 8.0-10.0%; Cu≤0.020%; Co≤0.020%; Bi≤0.002%; B≤0.005%; Zr≤0.002%; N≤0.020%; W and V <0.02%; O≤0.0015%; H≤0.0005%; Pb <0.001%; As <0.001%; Sb <0.003%; Sn <0.005%; the balance being Ni; other impurity elements≤0.10%.

[0010] The general formula of the prior art Ni-Cr-Fe alloy welding wire mainly meets the standard requirements or, on the basis of the standard, the range of the weight percentage of the elements is reduced. There is a technical problem that, although the key elements meet the standard requirements, the stability is not high in the actual development and application process, and some indicators do not meet the application requirements. In the above technical solution of the present application, the relationship and ratio between the key elements such as Al, Ti, Nb, Mo, C, N and Mn are adjusted, so that the stability of the product is improved.

[0011] Preferably, the sum of the weight percentages of Al and Ti≤0.40%; Mo: 0.15-0.35%. The above ratio has the effect of ensuring the high-temperature strength of the weld metal after welding of the welding wire while improving the toughness and crack sensitivity resistance of the weld metal after welding of the welding wire. If the sum of the weight percentages of Al and Ti is too high, the welding wire after welding will have more surface dross, increasing the crack sensitivity after welding.

[0012] Preferably, the ratio of the contents of Nb and Mn is 0.8-1.0. The above ratio has the effect of ensuring the high-temperature strength of the weld metal after welding of the welding wire, the flowability and crack sensitivity resistance during the welding process of the welding wire. If the ratio of the contents of Nb and Mn is too low or too high, Nb element segregation is prone to occur, low-melting-point eutectic is prone to be produced, and crack sensitivity is prone to be increased.

[0013] Preferably, the ratio of the contents of C and N is 1.25-2.0. The above ratio has the effect of ensuring the high-temperature strength and crack sensitivity resistance of the weld metal after welding of the welding wire. If the ratio of the contents of C and N is too low or too high, crack sensitivity is prone to be increased.

[0014] Preferably, the sum of the ratio of the content of N to Ti and the ratio of the content of C to Nb is 0.08-0.12. The above ratio has the effect of ensuring the high-temperature strength and crack sensitivity of the weld bead of the welding wire. If the sum of the ratio of the content of N to Ti and the ratio of the content of C to Nb is too high, the crack sensitivity will be increased; if the sum of the ratio of the content of N to Ti and the ratio of the content of C to Nb is too low, the high-temperature strength of the weld bead of the welding wire will be reduced.

[0015] The application further provides a preparation method of the Ni-Cr-Fe alloy welding wire.

[0016] (1) A cast ingot is prepared according to the above component formula, and is sequentially subjected to homogenization treatment and forging treatment to obtain a bloom;

[0017] (2) The bloom is hot-rolled into a disc;

[0018] (3) The disc is sequentially subjected to solid solution treatment and pickling, and then is subjected to multi-pass drawing and intermediate product heat treatment, and finally is drawn into a welding wire product, i.e. the Ni-Cr-Fe alloy welding wire.

[0019] Preferably, in step (1), the cast ingot is prepared by vacuum induction, electroslag remelting and vacuum consumable triple process.

[0020] Preferably, in step (1), the electroslag remelting is performed at least twice, and the homogenization treatment is performed at a temperature of ≥1160℃ for ≥24h. The electroslag remelting at least twice has the effect of improving the purity and uniformity of the alloy cast ingot. The homogenization treatment has the effect of improving the uniformity of the components and reducing element segregation.

[0021] Preferably, in step (1), the forging is performed by at least twice upsetting and twice elongation.

[0022] More preferably, in step (1), the cast ingot is further subjected to heat treatment before and after the upsetting and elongation, and the heat treatment is performed at a temperature of ≥1140℃ for ≥1h.

[0023] Preferably, in step (3), the solid solution treatment is performed at a temperature of ≥1040℃ for ≥5min.

[0024] Preferably, in step (3), the surface treatment process is further included in the multi-pass drawing process and the intermediate product after the heat treatment, so as to remove surface impurities and defects.

[0025] More preferably, the removal amount of the surface impurities and defects is at least 0.20mm.

[0026] More preferably, after the drawing into the welding wire product, a cleaning process is further included, in which the ultrasonic cleaning is first performed by using a degreasing liquid, and then the ultrasonic cleaning is performed by using pure water, and the total time of the ultrasonic cleaning is at least 2min.

[0027] The application further provides application of the above Ni-Cr-Fe alloy welding wire in the surfacing of a nuclear island main equipment.

[0028] As described above, the application has the following beneficial effects:

[0029] (1) By controlling the relationship and proportion of key elements such as Al, Ti, Nb, Mo, C, N and Mn, the stability of the product is improved;

[0030] (2) By at least twice electroslag remelting, homogenization and upsetting and elongating processes, the purity of the product composition and the uniformity of the structure are improved;

[0031] (3) By surface treatment of the disc round intermediate product and product cleaning process, the cleanliness of the product surface is improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 A photo of the ingot after homogenization treatment in Example 1 is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The embodiments of the application will be described in detail with specific reference being made to certain embodiments thereof but is to be understood that no limitation with respect to the scope of the application is intended or should be inferred.

[0034] It should be noted that the process equipment or devices not specifically mentioned in the following examples are all conventional equipment or devices in the art.

[0035] Furthermore, it should be understood that the one or more method steps mentioned in the application do not exclude that other method steps can exist before and after the mentioned combination steps or other method steps can be inserted between the explicitly mentioned steps, unless otherwise specified; it should also be understood that the combination connection relationship between the one or more devices mentioned in the application does not exclude that other devices can exist before and after the mentioned combination devices or other devices can be inserted between the two explicitly mentioned devices, unless otherwise specified. Moreover, unless otherwise specified, the numbering of each method step is only a convenient tool for identifying each method step, and is not intended to limit the arrangement order of each method step or to limit the range of the application, and the change or adjustment of the relative relationship, without substantial change of the technical content, is also regarded as the scope of the application.

[0036] Example 1

[0037] The embodiment of the present application provides a preparation method of a Ni-Cr-Fe alloy welding wire, comprising the following steps:

[0038] (1) the chemical component design of the Ni-Cr-Fe alloy welding wire is completed according to the following weight percentage components: C: 0.020%; Si: 0.15%; Mn: 0.80%; P: 0.0030%; S: 0.0003%; Cr: 29.50%; Mo: 0.15%; Ti: 0.25%; Al: 0.10%; Nb+Ta: 0.80%; Fe: 8.85%; Cu: 0.015%; Co: 0.005%; Bi: 0.001%; B: 0.001%; Zr: 0.002%; N: 0.015%; W+V: 0.01%; O: 0.0015%; H: 0.0005%; Pb: 0.0005%; As: 0.0005%; Sb: 0.001%; Sn: 0.001%; the balance is Ni; and other impurity elements are less than or equal to 0.10%.

[0039] The raw materials meeting the weight percentage of the chemical component elements are selected, smelted, and the smelting process sequence is firstly vacuum induction smelting in a 6T vacuum induction smelting furnace, then twice electric slag remelting smelting is performed on the ingot after induction smelting, and finally vacuum consumable smelting is performed; and the ingot is obtained.

[0040] The ingot is subjected to surface grinding, and then is subjected to homogenization treatment, the homogenization treatment temperature is 1220 DEG C, and the holding time is 48h, and the sample photo after the homogenization treatment is as shown in Figure 1 It can be seen from Figure 1 that the grain boundary of the homogenization sample has no continuous precipitated phase; the ingot after the homogenization treatment is subjected to forging breakdown to prepare a square billet, the heat treatment temperature before the forging is 1140 DEG C, and the holding time is 3h, the forging process comprises twice upsetting and twice elongation, the single upsetting and elongation is one third of the length of the original ingot, the upsetting and elongation are alternately performed, the heat treatment is performed between the first upsetting and elongation and the second upsetting and elongation, the heat treatment temperature is 1140 DEG C, and the holding time is 3h.

[0041] (2) the square billet is rolled into a disc on a continuous hot rolling mill, the rolling temperature is 1160 DEG C, and the disc specification is φ5.5mm after rolling;

[0042] (3) the disc is subjected to solid solution treatment, the solid solution treatment temperature is 1080 DEG C, and the holding time is 5min, then the disc is subjected to pickling to remove the surface oxide scale and defects, the disc is subjected to rough drawing, intermediate product heat treatment, fine drawing and intermediate product heat treatment, and is drawn to a finished product specification, and the finished product specification of the case is φ1.0mm.

[0043] In the rough drawing and intermediate product heat treatment process, a surface treatment process is added to remove surface impurities and defects, and the removal amount is 0.2 mm.

[0044] Finally, the welding wire product is drawn to φ1.0 mm, and the product welding wire is subjected to online surface cleaning, ultrasonic cleaning in degreasing liquid and pure water in sequence, and the total ultrasonic cleaning time is 5 min, and finally the Ni-Cr-Fe alloy welding wire is obtained.

[0045] The Ni-Cr-Fe alloy welding wire prepared in the embodiment is used for butt joint bevel surfacing according to the automatic tungsten argon arc welding process parameters of welding current 180-280 A, welding voltage 10-15 V, and interlayer temperature 145℃-225℃, and the cladding metal is detected after surfacing.

[0046] The detection result is that the high-temperature tensile strength of the cladding metal at 360℃ is ≥495Mpa, the charpy impact energy is ≥210J, there is no obvious cracking on the tensile surface after the bending test, there is no intergranular corrosion tendency, and there is no crack, incomplete welding, incomplete fusion, slag inclusion, undercut, porosity and microcrack, etc.

[0047] Example 2

[0048] The embodiment of the application provides a preparation method of a Ni-Cr-Fe alloy welding wire, which comprises the following steps:

[0049] (1) The chemical composition of the Ni-Cr-Fe alloy welding wire is designed according to the following weight percentage components: C: 0.030%; Si: 0.15%; Mn: 0.95%; P: 0.0030%; S: 0.0003%; Cr: 29.50%; Mo: 0.35%; Ti: 0.30%; Al: 0.10%; Nb+Ta: 0.95%; Fe: 8.85%; Cu: 0.015%; Co: 0.005%; Bi: 0.001%; B: 0.001%; Zr: 0.002%; N: 0.020%; W+V: 0.01%; O: 0.0015%; H: 0.0005%; Pb: 0.0005%; As: 0.0005%; Sb: 0.001%; Sn: 0.001%; the balance is Ni; and other impurity elements ≤0.10%;

[0050] The raw materials meeting the above chemical composition element weight percentage are selected, smelted, and the smelting process sequence is first vacuum induction smelting in a 6T vacuum induction smelting furnace, then twice electroslag remelting smelting of the ingot after induction smelting, and finally vacuum consumable smelting; and the ingot is obtained.

[0051] The ingot is surface ground, and then homogenized at a temperature of 1160℃ for 60h, and the homogenized sample has no continuous precipitated phase at the grain boundary; the homogenized ingot is forged to prepare a square billet, the heat treatment temperature before forging is 1180℃, and the holding time is 2h, the forging process includes two times of upsetting and two times of elongation, the single upsetting and elongation is one third of the length of the original ingot, the upsetting and elongation are alternately performed, the heat treatment is performed between the first time of upsetting and elongation and the second time of upsetting and elongation, the heat treatment temperature is 1180℃, and the holding time is 2h;

[0052] (2) The square billet is rolled into a disc on a continuous hot rolling mill at a rolling temperature of 1180℃, and the disc has a specification of φ5.5mm after rolling;

[0053] (3) The disc is subjected to solid solution treatment at a temperature of 1060℃ for 6.5min, and then is subjected to pickling to remove the surface oxide skin and defects, the disc is subjected to rough drawing, intermediate product heat treatment, fine drawing and intermediate product heat treatment, and is drawn to a finished product specification, and the finished product specification of the case is φ1.0mm;

[0054] During the rough drawing and intermediate product heat treatment, a surface treatment process is added to remove surface impurities and defects, and the removal amount is 0.2mm.

[0055] Finally, the welding wire product with a diameter of φ1.0mm is obtained, and the finished welding wire is subjected to online surface cleaning, and is subjected to ultrasonic cleaning in a degreasing liquid and pure water in sequence, and the total ultrasonic cleaning time is 5min, and finally the Ni-Cr-Fe alloy welding wire is obtained.

[0056] The Ni-Cr-Fe alloy welding wire prepared in the embodiment is used for butt joint beading according to the automatic tungsten argon arc welding process parameters of a welding current of 180~280A, a welding voltage of 10~15V and an interlayer temperature of 145℃~225℃, and the cladding metal after beading is detected.

[0057] The detection result is that the tensile strength of the cladding metal at a high temperature of 360℃ is ≥515Mpa, the charpy impact energy is ≥180J, there is no obvious cracking on the tensile surface after the bending test, there is no intergranular corrosion tendency, and there is no crack, incomplete welding, incomplete fusion, slag inclusion, undercut, porosity and microcrack, etc.

[0058] Example 3

[0059] The embodiment of the application provides a preparation method of a Ni-Cr-Fe alloy welding wire, which comprises the following steps:

[0060] (1) The chemical composition of the Ni-Cr-Fe alloy welding wire is designed according to the following weight percentages: C: 0.030%; Si: 0.15%; Mn: 0.90%; P: 0.0030%; S: 0.0003%; Cr: 29.50%; Mo: 0.20%; Ti: 0.25%; Al: 0.15%; Nb+Ta: 0.75%; Fe: 8.85%; Cu: 0.015%; Co: 0.005%; Bi: 0.001%; B: 0.001%; Zr: 0.002%; N: 0.020%; W+V: 0.01%; O: 0.0015%; H: 0.0005%; Pb: 0.0005%; As: 0.0005%; Sb: 0.001%; Sn: 0.001%; the balance being Ni; and other impurity elements being ≤0.10%;

[0061] The raw materials meeting the above chemical composition weight percentages are selected, smelted, and the smelting process sequence is first vacuum induction smelting in a 6T vacuum induction smelting furnace, then twice electric slag remelting smelting of the ingot after induction smelting, and finally vacuum consumable smelting; an ingot is obtained;

[0062] The ingot is surface ground, then homogenized at a homogenization temperature of 1250°C for 24h, and the homogenized sample has no continuous precipitated phase at the grain boundary; the homogenized ingot is forged to prepare a square billet, the pre-forging heat treatment temperature is 1200°C, the holding time is 1h, the forging process includes two times of upsetting and two times of elongation, the single upsetting and elongation is one third of the length of the original ingot, the upsetting and elongation are alternately performed, and the heat treatment is performed between the first upsetting and elongation and the second upsetting and elongation, the heat treatment temperature is 1200°C, and the holding time is 1h;

[0063] (2) The square billet is rolled into a disc on a continuous hot rolling mill at a rolling temperature of 1140°C, and the disc specification is φ5.5mm after rolling;

[0064] (3) The disc is solid solution treated at a solid solution treatment temperature of 1040°C for 7.5 minutes, then pickled to remove surface oxide scale and defects, and subjected to rough drawing, intermediate product heat treatment, fine drawing, intermediate product heat treatment, and product drawing to the product specification, and the product specification of the case is φ1.0mm;

[0065] During the rough drawing and intermediate product heat treatment, a surface treatment process is added to remove surface impurities and defects, and the removal amount is 0.2mm.

[0066] Finally, the welding wire is drawn to φ1.0mm, the finished welding wire is subjected to online surface cleaning, ultrasonic cleaning in a degreasing liquid and pure water in sequence, the total ultrasonic cleaning time is 5min, and finally the Ni-Cr-Fe alloy welding wire is obtained.

[0067] The Ni-Cr-Fe alloy welding wire prepared in the example is used to carry out the butt groove surfacing according to the automatic tungsten argon arc welding process parameters of welding current 180-280 A, welding voltage 10-15 V and interlayer temperature 145-225℃, and the cladding metal is detected after the surfacing.

[0068] The detection result shows that the high temperature tensile strength of the cladding metal at 360℃ is greater than or equal to 505 Mpa, the charpy impact energy is greater than or equal to 200 J, there is no obvious cracking on the tensile surface after the bending test, there is no intergranular corrosion tendency, and there is no crack, incomplete penetration, incomplete fusion, slag inclusion, undercut, pore and micro crack and the like in the macro and micro detection.

[0069] The above examples only exemplarily illustrate the principles and effects of the present application, and are not used to limit the present application. Any person skilled in the art can modify or change the above examples without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or changes completed by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical thought disclosed by the present application should be covered by the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A Ni-Cr-Fe alloy welding wire, characterized by, consists of the following components by weight percentage: C: 0.020~0.030%; Si≤0.50%; Mn≤1.0%; P≤0.0050%; S≤0.0050%; Cr: 28.0~31.5%; Mo: 0.10~0.50%; Ti≤0.50%; Al: 0.10~0.30%; the sum of weight percentage of Nb and Ta: 0.75~0.95%; Fe: 8.0~10.0%; Cu≤0.020%; Co≤0.020%; Bi≤0.002%; B≤0.005%; Zr≤0.002%; N≤0.020%; W and V <0.02%; O≤0.0015%; H≤0.0005%; Pb <0.001%; As <0.001%; Sb <0.003%; Sn <0.005%; the balance of Ni; other impurity elements≤0.10%; the ratio of content of Nb and Mn is 0.8~1.0; the ratio of content of C and N is 1.25~2.0; the sum of the ratio of content of N and Ti and the ratio of content of C and Nb is 0.08~0.

12.

2. The Ni-Cr-Fe alloy welding wire of claim 1, wherein: The sum of weight percentage of Al and Ti≤0.40%; Mo: 0.15~0.35%.

3. A method of producing a Ni-Cr-Fe alloy welding wire as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: (1) preparing ingot according to the above component formula, and then preparing square billet by homogenization treatment and forging treatment; (2) hot rolling the square billet into disc round; (3) sequentially performing solid solution treatment and pickling on the disc round, then multi-pass drawing and intermediate product heat treatment, and finally drawing to welding wire product, thereby obtaining the Ni-Cr-Fe alloy welding wire.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein: In step (1), the ingot is prepared by vacuum induction, electroslag remelting and vacuum consumable triple process.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein: In step (1), at least two electroslag remeltings are performed; the homogenization treatment temperature is≥1160℃, and the holding time is≥24h.

6. The method of claim 3, wherein: In step (1), at least two upsetting and two elongation treatments are performed during forging; and the ingot is further heat treated before and after the upsetting and elongation, the heat treatment temperature is≥1140℃, and the holding time is≥1h.

7. The method of claim 3, wherein: In step (3), the solid solution treatment temperature is≥1040℃, and the solid solution treatment holding time is≥5min.

8. The method of claim 3, wherein: In step (3), the surface treatment process is further included in the multi-pass drawing process and after the heat treatment of the intermediate product, so as to remove surface impurities and defects; the removal amount of the surface impurities and defects is at least 0.20mm; and the cleaning process is further included after the drawing to the welding wire product, the ultrasonic cleaning is first performed by using degreasing liquid, and then the pure water cleaning is performed, the total ultrasonic cleaning time is at least 2min.

9. Application of the Ni-Cr-Fe alloy welding wire according to claim 1 or 2 in the surfacing of nuclear island main equipment.

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