Process for hoisting lock hopper by utilizing winch

Abstract

The invention relates to a process for hoisting a lock hopper by utilizing a winch. The process comprises the steps of calculating the gravity center of the lock hopper, calculating the stress of each crane during equipment hoisting, selecting a main crane and a tail-sliding crane according to the stress, selecting a sling and the like. According to the process, the construction quality completely meets the design standard requirement, the hoisting speed is high, the precision is high, the hoisting time is greatly shortened, the labor intensity is reduced, the overall efficiency of engineering construction is improved, and compared with a traditional hoisting mode, the labor demand is reduced, and the labor cost is reduced. Meanwhile, due to the efficient operation mode, energy consumption is reduced, the operation cost is reduced, high safety is achieved, the structure is stable, operation is easy and convenient, and the possibility of accidents is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a process for hoisting a lock bucket using a winch Background Art

[0002] As an important equipment in the treatment process of coal-water slurry gasification slag, the lock bucket needs to ensure the installation quality and stability during the installation process. However, in the actual operation process, sometimes the arrival time of the equipment does not match the installation process due to various reasons, which not only increases the difficulty of construction, but also may bring safety risks. Therefore, it is particularly important to adopt a reasonable installation process to ensure the installation quality and construction safety. As a commonly used lifting equipment, the winch plays an important role in the lifting process due to its powerful lifting capacity and flexible operability.

[0003] The existing lock bucket hoisting process generally adopts a mobile crane to directly install the lock bucket in place, but this method is not suitable for occasions where the space is small and it is impossible to directly hoist it into place in a conventional way.

[0004] CN107720652A discloses a method for hoisting and constructing large equipment with a frame structure. The method is selected based on the weight, size, type and actual situation of the equipment, combined with the capacity of lifting machinery and tooling equipment, and a crawler crane is used in combination with a winch, a pulley block, and a pulley for hoisting, and a platform, a track, a saddle, and a roller are used for transportation. The large equipment is horizontally fed in from the side of the frame structure and gradually moved to the position to be installed, and then a miniaturized combined hoisting mechanism is used inside the frame structure to realize the rotation and placement of the equipment. In this way, while ensuring the safe placement of the equipment, the frame structure does not need to be destroyed, thereby ensuring the safety of the frame structure, and realizing the rapid, accurate, and efficient hoisting of the equipment. However, the patent requires the construction of a temporary frame at the same height as the lock bucket installation position outside the equipment frame, which increases the cost and construction period. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention provides a process for hoisting a lock bucket by using a winch, aiming to provide a set of scientific, efficient and safe installation methods to improve work efficiency and ensure operation safety.

[0006] The process of the invention is an efficient, accurate and safe hoisting technology with multiple characteristics. The process has extremely high accuracy, greatly improves the hoisting efficiency, shortens the construction period, and has a high degree of safety.

[0007] The process of hoisting the lock bucket by a winch of the present invention comprises the following steps: (1) Calculate the center of gravity of the lock bucket The lock bucket is divided into four parts, namely the tail, the lower middle part, the middle part and the top part. The tail part is the small diameter cylindrical part of the lock bucket tail, the lower middle part refers to the conical part of the lock bucket connected to the tail, the middle part refers to the large diameter cylindrical part connected to the lower middle part, and the top part refers to the hemispherical part connected to the middle part (also includes a small diameter cylindrical opening). The center of gravity of the equipment is X, GX=G 1 ×d 1 +G 2 ×d 2 +G 3 ×d 3 +G 4 ×d 4 (A) where d 1 It refers to the distance from the center of gravity of the tail to the slag water outlet (or the top of the tail), G 1 is the tail weight, d 2 It refers to the distance from the center of gravity of the middle and lower part to the slag water outlet (or the top of the tail), G 2 is the weight of the middle and lower parts, d 3 It refers to the distance from the center of gravity to the slag water outlet (or the top of the tail), G 3 is the weight of the middle part, d 4 It refers to the distance from the top center of gravity to the slag water outlet (or the top of the tail), G 4 is the weight of the top, G is the total weight of the equipment (total weight of the lock bucket), substitute the above parameter values ​​into the above formula to find the center of gravity X, X is the straight line distance from the center of gravity of the lock bucket to the bottom of the tail, The center of gravity of the tail and the center of gravity of the middle are objects with regular shapes. For objects with uniform mass and regular shapes, their center of gravity is at the geometric center. The geometric center can be found by drawing diagonal lines, or by finding the center of gravity of the object through symmetry from top to bottom and left to right. The center of gravity of the lower middle part can be approximately regarded as a cone, and the intersection of the three centers of the triangle is the center of gravity of the triangle; The top center of gravity can be approximated as a hemisphere. There are two methods to calculate the center of gravity of a hemisphere. The first is to use calculus, and the second is Pappus theorem: V=SL, 4 / 3 ΠR 3 =1 / 2 ΠR 2 ×2ΠX, X=4 / 3 R / Π The centroid of a semicircle must be a point on the axis of symmetry of the semicircle. Let this point be C. The distance from point C to the diameter side is X. X is the centroid of the semicircle. V: A closed area, the volume of an object formed by semicircular directional movement; S: area of ​​the enclosed area; L: distance the center of mass moves.

[0008] (2) Calculate the forces on each crane when lifting the equipment L 3 ×P 2 =(L 2 -L 1 )×P 1 P 1 +P 2 =G (total weight of lock bucket) Wherein, L- is the total length of the lock bucket equipment shell; L 1 - The distance between the lifting lug and the top of the locking bucket equipment; L 2 - The distance between the center of gravity of the lock bucket equipment and the top of the equipment (after determining the center of gravity of the equipment, L can be directly obtained 2 - The distance between the center of gravity of the locking bucket equipment and the top of the equipment); L 3 - The distance between the tail lifting point and the center of gravity of the equipment; L 4 - The distance between the tail lifting point and the top of the equipment tail; P is calculated by the above formula 2 and P 1 , P 1 The force on the main crane hook, P 2 is the force on the hook of the tail crane; according to the calculated P 1 and P 2 , select the main crane and the tail crane (model) so that they can satisfy the main crane hook force P 1 And the tail crane hook force P 2 .

[0009] (3) Select sling Calculate Loads Q J =K 1 ×K 2 ×Q Where: Q J - Calculate loads; K 1 - Dynamic load coefficient (refer to P38 of the National Construction Engineer Professional Qualification Examination Book 2024 Edition published by China Construction Industry Press, the value can be 1.1); K 2 - Unbalanced load factor (value determined according to SH / J 515-1990 specification and angle, can be 1.1); Q - Hoisting load, including the weight of equipment and slings. Therefore, the force on each main hoisting pulley group is: P 3 =Q J / 2, a) Select the main hoisting block group string rope, running rope tension S 绳 =P 3 / K 3 , K 3 = Mechanical advantage coefficient (can be selected according to Cai Yumin's "Approximate Formula and Application of Hoisting Technology Calculation" and the bearing type of the winch), the P calculated above 3 Substitute and calculate the rope tension S 绳 , according to S 绳 And the safety factor K of the running rope 4 =P 4 / S 绳 , where K 4 According to SH / T3515-2017, the minimum safety factor of wire rope is 5, from which the breaking force P of the main hoisting block string rope is obtained. 4 , select the main hoisting block string rope according to the breaking force (that is, the breaking force value of the selected main hoisting block string rope is not less than the calculated P 4 ); b) Select the upper lashing rope Safety factor K 5 =P 5 / P 3 , According to SH / T3515-2017, the minimum safety factor of wire rope is 6. 3 Substitute into the equation and find the breaking force P of the upper lashing rope. 5 , according to the calculated breaking force P 5 Select the upper lashing rope, that is, the P of the selected upper lashing rope 5 Should be greater than or equal to the calculated breaking force P 5 ; c) Select the main lifting wire rope for the padlock bucket lifting lug Safety factor K 6 =P 6 / P 1 , According to SH / T3515-2017, the minimum safety factor of wire rope is 5. 1 Substitute into the value and find the breaking force P of the main hoist wire rope of the padlock bucket lifting lug 6 , according to the calculated breaking force P 6 Select the main lifting wire rope of the padlock bucket lifting lug, that is, the breaking force of the main lifting wire rope of the padlock bucket lifting lug should be greater than or equal to the calculated breaking force P 6 , d) Choose the tail wire rope Safety factor K 7 =P 7 / P 2, According to SH / T3515-2017, the minimum safety factor of wire rope is 6. 2 Substitute into the equation and find the breaking force P of the tail wire rope. 7 , according to the calculated breaking force P 7 Select the tail wire rope, that is, the breaking force of the selected tail wire rope should be greater than or equal to the calculated breaking force P 7 , e) Selection of traction wire rope Safety factor K of traction wire rope 8 =P 8 / F, According to SH / T3515-2017, the minimum safety factor of wire rope is 5, and the overall traction force of the equipment is F=μF N , where: μ - the friction coefficient of sliding between steel and steel without lubrication is 0.15, F N is the total weight of the lock bucket, substitute into the above formula, and calculate the breaking force of the traction wire rope. According to the calculated breaking force P 8 Select the traction wire rope, that is, the breaking force of the selected traction wire rope should be greater than or equal to the calculated breaking force P 8 .

[0010] Further, the above process includes selecting a hanging beam: (4) Select the lifting beam a) Shear strength τ max =P 3 / S o According to GB50017-2017, the design value of shear strength of carbon structural steel is 125Mpa. Substitute the P obtained above into 3 , the required cross-sectional area S of the suspension beam is obtained o , according to the required cross-sectional area S of the suspension beam o Select the hanging beam. b) Section modulus W= [BH 3 -bh 3 ], Maximum bending moment of hanging beam M max =P 3 ×d, Where W is the section modulus, B is the width of the wing plate of the hanging beam, b is the width of the wing plate minus the width of the web plate, h is the web height, H is the height of the hanging beam, d is the distance from the centroid to the corresponding side, d=H / 2; Bending strengthσ max =M max / W, According to GB50017-2017, the design value of the flexural strength of carbon structural steel is 215MPa. If the calculated flexural strength σ max If it is greater than or equal to 215MPa, the requirement is met.

[0011] Cross-sectional area of ​​hanging beam S o =t 1 ×(H-2×t 2 )+2×B×t 2 +0.858×r 2 Where: t 1 --Thickness of web; t 2 --Wing plate thickness; H—height of hanging beam; B—wing width; r--Corner radius.

[0012] (5) Use the main crane, tail crane, slings and beams selected above to complete the lifting.

[0013] Preferably, the lifting includes using the main crane and the tail crane to deliver the locking bucket to the edge of the factory building, and then pulling it to the bottom of the lifting position through the traction wire rope by the first winch, and lifting it to the installation position through the pulley group and the rope by the second winch, thereby transporting the locking bucket from the edge of the factory building and lifting it to the installation position.

[0014] The lifting equipment includes a main crane and a tail crane located outside the factory building for delivering the locking bucket to the edge of the factory building, a first winch for pulling the locking bucket at the edge of the factory building to the bottom of the lifting position, and a second winch for lifting the locking bucket below the lifting position to the installation position via a pulley group and rope winding.

[0015] Specifically, the hoisting process of the present invention is as follows: (1) Installation and adjustment of the Bagua beam (used to provide support for the fixing of the lock bucket after hoisting) ① For example, first make the lower beam H-shaped steel 400×400×20×12, punch holes, make the connecting plate, connect the beam and the connecting plates at both ends with M16 bolts, use the lifting chain to suspend, align with the frame embedded parts and then weld; the inner and outer ribs of the lower beam are @500, the ribs are double-sided fillet welds, and the weld height is not less than 8mm; the upper beam uses H-shaped steel 630×350×260×20×12 with unequal upper and lower flanges, and the wing plate uses 20mm steel plate with an inner extension width of 120mm in the middle 580mm range of the inner and outer sides of the upper beam. The spacing of the reinforced vertical rib plates here is 250mm, and the spacing of the ribs at the inner angle edge of the upper beam is 347mm. The rest are all 500mm ribs Double-sided fillet welds, and the weld height is not less than 8 mm; continuous welding between the two layers of beams, the weld height is 10mm.

[0016] ② To improve installation efficiency, after the lower beam connecting plate is welded, the upper and lower beams can be welded together (up to 3 groups) and then removed; if the pulley block size is verified to be able to pass through the steel beam, two adjacent load beams can be retained to increase efficiency, otherwise all four beams can be removed, and the welded composite beam can be reinstalled after all the lock buckets have passed.

[0017] (2) The main crane and the tail crane are hooked at the same time, so that the entire equipment is about 50-100mm away from the ground. The equipment is stopped for a period of time, such as about 10 minutes, and the stress condition of the sling and the mechanical operation condition of the crane are carefully checked. After ensuring that everything is normal, continue to lift. Under the command of the crane operator, the crane is lifted to about 500mm from the ground and the direction of the locking bucket is adjusted. The locking bucket is then lifted horizontally to the side of the factory building and placed on the pre-laid steel row. After the equipment is fixed, the lock used by the crane is removed.

[0018] (3) Fix the fall chain at the anchor point near the lifting port, ensure that it is firmly fixed, slowly pull the fall chain, and use the first winch to move the steel row smoothly until it is pulled to the bottom of the lifting port.

[0019] (4) Use the second winch to lift, hang the main lifting sling, and use two sets of main lifting pulleys to slowly lift the lock bucket, about 50-100 mm away from the ground. Stop for a while, such as about 30 minutes, check the stress of the winch and various lifting slings. After ensuring that everything is normal, continue to lift until the bottom of the equipment exceeds the installation elevation by about 500 mm, lock the winch, and fix the equipment with a temporary device. After the equipment is stable, start installing the Bagua beam and spring support. After the installation is completed, remove the temporary fixing device and put the equipment in place.

[0020] Advantages of the present invention: This process lock bucket lifting method is a convenient, efficient, safe and stable lifting method used when the on-site concrete frame has been constructed and the gasifier has been installed (the lock bucket is installed under the gasifier), without damaging the concrete structure and changing the construction sequence (conventionally, the lock bucket is lifted first, and then the gasifier is lifted). It cannot be directly lifted into place by a crane, so it is used.

[0021] By using a winch instead of a traditional crane, this process can be applied to situations where the space is small and it is impossible to directly lift it into place in the conventional way.

[0022] This process has fast hoisting speed and high precision, which greatly shortens the hoisting time, reduces labor intensity, and improves the overall efficiency of engineering construction. Compared with traditional hoisting methods, it reduces manpower requirements and labor costs. At the same time, its efficient operation method also reduces energy consumption and operating costs. It is also highly safe, with a stable structure and easy operation, which reduces the possibility of accidents. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the lock bucket; Figure 2 Illustration of the lock bucket lifting device Figure 1 ; Figure 3 Illustration of the lock bucket lifting device Figure 2 ; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the winch hoisting lock bucket; Figure 5 The cross section of the hanging beam Figure 1 ; Figure 6 The cross section of the hanging beam Figure 2 ; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the Bagua beam.

[0024] Description of reference numerals: 1-locking bucket, 101-top, 102-middle, 103-middle and lower, 104-tail, 2-main crane, 3-tail crane, 4-main hoisting wire rope, 5-tail wire rope, 6-first winch, 7-traction wire rope, 8-steel row, 9-hoisting beam, 10-main hoisting pulley group string rope, 11-second winch, 12-upper binding rope, 13-upper beam, 14-lower beam. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The present invention is further described below by way of embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0026] like Figure 1-6 As shown, the locking bucket hoisting device includes a main crane 2 and a tail crane 3. The main crane 2 lifts the locking bucket 1 at the lifting eye of the locking bucket 1 through the main lifting wire rope 4, and the tail crane 3 lifts the locking bucket 1 at the tail lifting point through the tail wire rope 5. The main crane 2 and the tail crane 3 are used to deliver the locking bucket to the edge of the factory building.

[0027] The lifted lock bucket 1 is then pulled by the first hoist 6 (e.g., a 5-ton hoist) through the traction wire rope 7, and then lifted to the installation position by the second hoist 11 (e.g., two hoists, 10 tons) through the pulley group string rope 10, so that the lock bucket is transferred from the edge of the factory to the bottom of the lifting position and lifted to the installation position. The lock bucket 1 includes a tail 104, a lower middle part 103, a middle part 102, and a top 101. Example

[0028] In this embodiment, the locking bucket technical parameters are as follows: Serial number Device Name Equipment dimensions and weight Installation elevation (QAY type) 200t truck crane parameters 80t truck crane parameters 1 Lock bucket Φ2400*6740mm, 46.8t +11.645m R9m, L26.8m, lifting capacity 65.5t R6m, L21m, lifting capacity 52t Equipment center of gravity calculation The lock bucket 1 is divided into four parts, namely a tail 104, a lower middle part 103, a middle part 102 and a top part 101. The tail 104 is the small-diameter cylindrical part at the tail of the lock bucket, the lower middle part 103 refers to the conical part of the lock bucket connected to the tail, the middle part 102 refers to the large-diameter cylindrical part connected to the lower middle part, and the top part 101 refers to the hemispherical part connected to the middle part.

[0029] The center of gravity and dimensions of each part of the equipment are shown in the figure: The center of gravity of the equipment is X, GX=G 1 ×d1+G 2 ×d2+G 3 ×d 3 +G 4 ×d 4 (A) where d 1 It refers to the distance from the center of gravity of the tail to the slag water outlet (top of the tail), G 1 is the tail weight, d 2 It refers to the distance from the center of gravity of the middle and lower part to the slag water outlet (top of the tail), G 2 is the weight of the middle and lower parts, d 3 It refers to the distance from the center of gravity to the slag water outlet (top of the tail), G 3 is the weight of the middle part, d 4 It refers to the distance from the top center of gravity to the slag water outlet (top of the tail), G 4 is the weight of the top, G is the total weight of the equipment, d 1 -d 4 They are 230, 1707, 3830 and 5840 mm respectively. GX=G 1 ×230+G 2 ×1707+G 3 ×3830+G 4 ×5840, of which G 1 =0.8t, G 2 =10.2t, G 3 =25.8t, G 4 =10t; Substituting into the above formula: 46.8X=0.8×230+10.2×1707+25.8×3830+10×5840, X=3735mm. According to the formula, we can get the value of X, where X is the distance from the center of gravity of the lock bucket to the bottom of the tail.

[0030] Calculation of the forces on each crane when lifting equipment L 3 ×P 2 =(L 2 -L 1 )×P 1 P 1 +P 2 =46.8t L - total length of equipment housing, 6.74m; L 1 - The distance between the lifting lug and the top of the equipment is 1.41m; L 2 - The distance between the center of gravity of the equipment and the top of the equipment is 3.005m; L 3 - The distance between the tail lifting point and the center of gravity of the equipment is 3.275m; L 4 - The distance between the tail lifting point and the tail of the equipment is about 0.46m; Calculated by the above formula: P 2 =15.33t,P 1 =31.47t.

[0031] When the equipment is lifted, the main crane has a lifting weight of 31.47t and the tail crane has a lifting weight of 15.33t. By determining the center of gravity, P is obtained. 1 and P 2 , P 1 The force on the main crane hook, P 2 To bear the force on the hook of the tail crane, through P 1 , P 2 Select the crane model according to the crane lifting performance table, select a 200t main crane and an 80t tail crane, and connect the crane hooks to these specific points to reasonably distribute the weight of the equipment, avoiding dangerous situations such as center of gravity shift, tilting, or even falling during the lifting process. This helps to ensure that the two cranes are evenly stressed when working together, reducing equipment damage, crane overload, and possible safety accidents caused by uneven stress.

[0032] Sling selection Calculate Loads Q J =K 1 ×K 2 ×Q =1.1×1.1×(46.8+3)×10 4 =60×10 4 N Where: Q J - Calculate load; K 1 - Dynamic load coefficient (the value can be obtained according to the National Construction Engineer Professional Qualification Examination Book 2024 Edition P38 published by China Construction Industry Press, the value here is 1.1); K 2- Unbalanced load factor (can be determined according to SH / J 515-1990 specification P74 and the angle, the value here is 1.1); Q - hoisting load, including the weight of equipment and slings; Therefore, the force on each main hoisting pulley group is: P 3 =Q J / 2=30×10 4 N.

[0033] ① The main hoist pulley block uses 2 sets of 50t 5-6 pulley blocks as lifting pulleys, and the single tap passes through 2 guide pulleys. The wire rope uses 3 rounds and 6 strands. The mechanical advantage coefficient (based on Cai Yumin's "Approximate Formulas and Applications of Hoisting Technology Calculation" P23 and the bearing type of the winch) is K 3 =5.04, then the tension of the running rope is S 绳 =P 3 / K 3 =5.95×10 4 N.

[0034] The main hoisting block group string rope 10 uses φ24-6×36-1 770 steel core wire rope 160m, 2 pieces; 2 10t single-drum slow-moving winches are used as lifting power. According to GB / T20118-2017, its breaking force is P 4 =36.3×10 4 N, then the safety factor of the rope running is K 4 =P 4 / S 绳 =36.3×10 4 / 5.95×10 4 N =6.1>5. According to SH / T3515-2017, the minimum safety factor of wire rope is 5, so it meets the use requirements.

[0035] ② Selection of upper binding rope 12: φ24-6×36-1 770 fiber core steel wire rope 8m, 2 pieces, according to GB / T20118-2017, its breaking force is P 5 =33.6×10 4 N, each with 3 bends and 6 strands, safety factor K 5 =P 5 / P 3 =33.6×10 4 ×6 / 30×10 4 =6.72>6. According to SH / T3515-2017, the minimum safety factor of wire rope is 6, so it meets the use requirements.

[0036] ③ The main hoisting wire rope 4 of the padlock bucket lifting ear is φ44-6×36-1770 fiber core wire rope 20m, 2 pieces, according to GB / T20118-2017, its breaking force is P 6 =113×10 4 N, each with 1 bend and 2 strands, safety factor K 6 =P 6 / P 1 =113×10 4 ×2 / 31.47×10 4 =7.18>5. According to SH / T3515-2017, the minimum safety factor of wire rope is 5, so it meets the use requirements.

[0037] ④ As there is no lifting lug at the tail lifting point, a bundled lifting method is required. The tail wire rope 5 is φ36-6×36-1770 fiber core steel wire rope 20m, 2 pieces. According to GB / T20118-2017, its breaking force is P 7 =75.7×10 4 N, 1 strand per use, safety factor K 7 =P 7 / P 2 =75.7×10 4 ×2 / 15.33×10 4 =9.88>6. According to SH / T3515-2017, the minimum safety factor of wire rope is 6, so it meets the use requirements.

[0038] ⑤ The traction pulley group uses a 20t 4-4 pulley group as the traction pulley, and the overall traction force of the equipment is F=μF N =0.15×46.8×10 4 =7.02×10 4 N, where: μ - the sliding friction coefficient between steel and steel without lubrication is 0.15.

[0039] The traction pulley group winding rope (i.e., traction wire rope 7) uses φ26-6×36-1770 steel core wire rope 100m, one piece; a 5t single-drum slow-moving winch is used as traction power. According to GB / T20118-2017, its breaking force is P 8 =42.6×10 4 N, then the safety factor of the rope running is K 8 =P 8 / F=42.6×10 4 / 7.02×10 4 N =6.1>5. According to SH / T3515-2017, the minimum safety factor of wire rope is 5, so it meets the use requirements.

[0040] According to the different forces on the wire rope, for example, the force on the upper binding rope is P for each set of main hoisting pulley group. 3 , the force on the main hoist wire rope is P 1 , the force on the tail wire rope is P 2 The traction force on the traction wire rope is F. Then, according to the purpose and bundling method of the wire rope, the minimum safety factor of the wire rope is confirmed according to the SH / T3515-2017 specification. The breaking force of the wire rope ≥ safety factor × different forces, and finally the specifications of the wire rope are determined.

[0041] Check of hanging beam (main hanging steel beam 9) Select HM500×300×11×15, r=28mm steel section 6m, 2 pieces, material Q235.

[0042] Cross-sectional area S o =t 1 ×(H-2×t 2 )+2×B×t 2 +0.858×r 2 =11×(500-2×15)+2×300×15+0.858×28 2 =14843mm 2 Where: t 1 — Thickness of web of hanging beam: 11mm; t 2 —Thickness of the wing plate of the hanging beam, 15mm; H—height of hanging beam, 500mm; B—Width of the wing plate of the hanging beam, 300mm; r—Radius of the corner of the hanging beam, 28mm.

[0043] ① Shear strength verification τ max =P 3 / S o =30×10 4 / 14843 =20MPa≤[τ]=125MPa. According to GB50017-2017, the design value of shear strength of carbon structural steel is 125MPa, so it meets the use requirements.

[0044] ②Bending strength verification W= [BH 3 -bh 3 ] = [300×500 3 -(300-11)×4703 ] =2498384mm 3 M max =P 3 ×d =30×10 4 ×250 =75000000Nmm σ max =M max / W =75000000 / 2498384 =30 MPa<[σ]=215MPa. According to GB50017-2017, the design value of the flexural strength of carbon structural steel is 215MPa, so it meets the use requirements.

[0045] The lifting process is as follows: (1) Installation and adjustment of Bagua beam ① First make the lower beam H-shaped steel 400×400×20×12, punch holes, make the connecting plate, connect the beam and the connecting plates at both ends with M16 bolts, use the lifting chain to suspend, align with the frame embedded parts and then weld; the inner and outer ribs of the lower beam 14 are @500, the ribs are double-sided fillet welds, and the weld height is not less than 8mm; the upper beam 13 uses H-shaped steel 630×350×260×20×12 with unequal upper and lower flanges, the middle 580mm range of the inner and outer sides of the upper beam, the wing plate uses 20mm steel plate with an inner extension width of 120mm, the spacing of the reinforced vertical rib plates here is 250mm, the spacing of the ribs at the inner angle edge of the upper beam is 347mm, and the rest are 500mm ribs Double-sided fillet welds, the weld height is not less than 8 mm; continuous welding between the two layers of beams, the weld height is 10mm.

[0046] ② To improve installation efficiency, after the lower beam connecting plate is welded, the upper and lower beams can be welded together (up to 3 groups) and then removed; if the pulley block size is verified to be able to pass through the steel beam, two adjacent load beams can be retained to increase efficiency, otherwise all four beams can be removed, and the welded composite beam can be reinstalled after all the lock buckets have passed.

[0047] (2) The 200t main crane and the 80t tail crane are hooked at the same time, so that the entire equipment is about 50-100mm away from the ground. The crane is stopped for 10 minutes, and the stress of the sling and the mechanical operation of the crane are carefully checked. After ensuring that everything is normal, the lifting is continued. Under the command of the crane operator, the crane is lifted to about 500mm from the ground and the direction of the locking bucket is adjusted. The locking bucket is then lifted horizontally to the side of the factory building and placed on the pre-laid steel row 8. After the equipment is fixed, the lock used by the crane is removed.

[0048] (3) Fix the fall chain at the anchor point near the lifting port, ensure that it is firmly fixed, and slowly pull the fall chain to make the steel bar 8 move smoothly until it is pulled to the bottom of the lifting port.

[0049] (4) Use the winch to lift, hang the main lifting sling, use two sets of main lifting pulleys to slowly lift the lock bucket, and separate it from the ground by about 50-100mm. Stop for 30 minutes, check the winch and the stress of the lifting slings at various locations, and after ensuring that everything is normal, continue to lift until the bottom of the equipment exceeds the installation elevation by about 500mm, lock the winch, and fix the equipment with a temporary device. After the equipment is stable, start installing the Bagua beam and spring support. After the installation is completed, remove the temporary fixing device and put the equipment in place. The equipment installation quality standards are shown in Table 1.

[0050] Table 1 Vertical equipment installation quality standards (mm)

[0051] In the common hoisting method, after the gasifier arrives, it is necessary to wait for the lock bucket to arrive and be installed before installation, which increases the use time of the large crane and causes the hoisting time to be longer. At the same time, after the gasifier arrives, it needs to be unloaded first, and then placed on the support. After the lock bucket is hoisted, the gasifier can be hoisted. After using the hoisting method of the present invention, the gasifier can be hoisted directly after the arrival of the gasifier, and the lock bucket can be hoisted after the arrival of the lock bucket, which reduces the procedures and labor intensity. The winch can flexibly control the equipment lifting speed by controlling the speed regulator, and the accuracy is high. The construction quality of this process fully meets the design standard requirements, and its hoisting speed is fast and accurate, which greatly shortens the hoisting time, reduces labor intensity, and improves the overall efficiency of engineering construction. Compared with the traditional hoisting method, it reduces manpower requirements and labor costs. At the same time, its efficient operation method also reduces energy consumption and reduces operating costs. It also has a high degree of safety. Its structure is stable and easy to operate, which reduces the possibility of accidents.

[0052] This process was successfully applied to the installation of the lock bucket of the gasification device of the Ningxia Guanneng New Materials Technology Co., Ltd. project. This lifting method can quickly, safely and securely lift the equipment into place, which is a significant improvement compared to the original method.

Claims

1. A process for hoisting a lock bucket using a winch, characterized in that The following steps are involved: (1) Calculate the center of gravity of the lock bucket The lock bucket is divided into four parts, namely the tail, the lower middle part, the middle part and the top part. The tail part is the small diameter cylindrical part of the lock bucket tail, the lower middle part refers to the conical part of the lock bucket connected to the tail, the middle part refers to the large diameter cylindrical part connected to the lower middle part, and the top part refers to the hemispherical part connected to the middle part. The center of gravity of the equipment is X, GX=G1×d1+G2×d2+G3×d3+G4×d4 (A) Where d1 refers to the distance from the center of gravity of the tail to the slag water outlet or the top of the tail, G1 is the weight of the tail, d2 refers to the distance from the center of gravity of the middle and lower part to the slag water outlet or the top of the tail, G2 is the weight of the middle and lower part, d3 refers to the distance from the center of gravity of the middle part to the slag water outlet or the top of the tail, G3 is the weight of the middle part, d4 refers to the distance from the center of gravity of the top to the slag water outlet or the top of the tail, G4 is the weight of the top, G is the total weight of the equipment, substitute the above parameter values ​​into the above formula to obtain the center of gravity X, X is the distance from the center of gravity of the lock bucket to the bottom of the tail, (2) Calculate the forces on each crane when lifting the equipment L3×P2=(L2-L1)×P1 P1+P2=G Wherein, L- is the total length of the lock bucket equipment shell; L1 - distance between the lifting lug and the top of the locking bucket equipment; L2 - distance between the center of gravity of the lock bucket equipment and the top of the equipment; L3 - distance between the tail lifting point and the center of gravity of the equipment L4 - distance between the tail lifting point and the tail of the equipment; P2 and P1 are calculated by the above formula, P1 is the force on the hook of the main crane, and P2 is the force on the hook of the tail crane; according to the calculated P1 and P2, the main crane and the tail crane are selected; (3) Select sling Calculate Loads Q J =K1×K2×Q Where: Q J - Calculate loads; K1 - dynamic load coefficient; K2 - unbalanced load factor; Q - Hoisting load, including the weight of equipment and slings. Therefore, the force on each main hoisting pulley group is: P3=Q J / 2, a) Select the main hoisting block group string rope, running rope tension S 绳 =P3 / K3, K3 = mechanical advantage coefficient, substitute the P3 obtained above to calculate the running rope tension S 绳 , according to S 绳 And the safety factor of the running rope is K4=P4 / S 绳 , where K4 is 5 according to the minimum safety factor of wire rope in SH / T3515-2017, from which the breaking force P4 of the main hoisting block group winding rope is obtained. The main hoisting block group winding rope is selected according to the breaking force, that is, the breaking force value of the selected main hoisting block group winding rope is not less than the calculated P4; b) Select the upper lashing rope Safety factor K5=P5 / P3, According to SH / T3515-2017, the minimum safety factor of the wire rope is 6. Substitute the P3 obtained above into the calculation to calculate the breaking force P5 of the upper lashing rope. Select the upper lashing rope according to the calculated breaking force P5, that is, the P5 of the selected upper lashing rope should be greater than or equal to the calculated breaking force P5. c) Select the main lifting wire rope for the padlock bucket lifting lug Safety factor K6=P6 / P1, According to SH / T3515-2017, the minimum safety factor of the wire rope is 5. Substitute the P1 obtained above into the breaking force P6 of the main lifting wire rope of the padlock bucket lifting lug. According to the calculated breaking force P6, the main lifting wire rope of the padlock bucket lifting lug is selected, that is, the breaking force of the main lifting wire rope of the selected padlock bucket lifting lug should be greater than or equal to the calculated breaking force P6. d) Choose the tail wire rope Safety factor K7=P7 / P2, According to SH / T3515-2017, the minimum safety factor of wire rope is 6. Substitute the P2 calculated above into the calculation to find the breaking force P7 of the tail wire rope. Select the tail wire rope according to the calculated breaking force P7, that is, the breaking force of the selected tail wire rope should be greater than or equal to the calculated breaking force P7. e) Selection of traction wire rope Safety factor of traction wire rope K8=P8 / F, According to SH / T3515-2017, the minimum safety factor of wire rope is 5, and the overall traction force of the equipment is F=μF N , where: μ - the friction coefficient of sliding between steel and steel without lubrication is 0.15, F N is the total weight of the lock bucket, substitute it into the above formula, and find the breaking force of the traction wire rope. Select the traction wire rope according to the calculated breaking force P8, that is, the breaking force of the selected traction wire rope should be greater than or equal to the calculated breaking force P8. (5) Use the main crane, tail crane, slings and beams selected above to complete the lifting.

2. The process for hoisting a lock bucket using a winch according to claim 1, characterized in that Further including: (4) Select the lifting beam a) Shear strength τ max = P3 / S o According to GB50017-2017, the design value of shear strength of carbon structural steel is 125MPa. Substituting the above-derived P3, the required cross-sectional area of ​​the suspension beam S is obtained. o , according to the required cross-sectional area S of the suspension beam o Select the hanging beam. b) Section modulus W= [BH 3 -bh 3 ] Maximum bending moment of hanging beam M max = P3×d Where W is the section modulus, B is the width of the wing plate of the hanging beam, b is the width of the wing plate minus the width of the web plate, h is the web height, H is the height of the hanging beam, d is the distance from the centroid to the corresponding side, d=H / 2; Bending strength max =M max / W, According to GB50017-2017, the design value of the flexural strength of carbon structural steel is 215MPa. If the calculated flexural strength σ max If it is greater than or equal to 215MPa, the requirement is met.

3. The process for hoisting a lock bucket using a winch according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cross-sectional area of ​​the hanging beam is determined by the following formula: Cross-sectional area of ​​hanging beam S o =t1×(H-2×t2)+2×B×t2+0.858×r 2 Where: t1--web thickness; t2--wing plate thickness; H—height of hanging beam; B—wing width; r--Corner radius.

4. The process for hoisting a lock bucket using a winch according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The lifting equipment includes a main crane and a tail crane located outside the factory building for delivering the locking bucket to the edge of the factory building, a first winch for pulling the locking bucket at the edge of the factory building to the bottom of the lifting position, and a second winch for lifting the locking bucket below the lifting position to the installation position via a pulley group and rope winding.

5. The process for hoisting a lock bucket using a winch according to claim 4, characterized in that: The hoisting includes using the main crane and the tail crane to send the lock bucket to the edge of the factory building, and then pulling it to the bottom of the hoisting position through the traction wire rope through the first winch, and lifting it to the installation position through the pulley group and rope winding through the second winch, thereby transferring the lock bucket from the edge of the factory building and lifting it to the installation position.

Images