A comb-shaped demulsifier for demulsifying high-solid crude oil and a preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of oil production, and relates to a comb-shaped demulsifier for high solid crude oil demulsification and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method is as follows: 2-methacrylic alcohol and a catalyst are added to an autoclave, propylene oxide is added, the temperature is increased, the reaction is incubated, cooled, ethylene oxide is passed, the temperature is increased, the reaction is incubated, cooled, the pH value is adjusted to 7-8, and an intermediate is obtained; the intermediate is transferred to a reactor, and (3-acrylamide propyl) trimethylammonium chloride, benzyl methacrylate, butyl acrylate, nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, buffer salt, deionized water are added in sequence, stirred at high speed, a uniform emulsion is formed, and the pH value is adjusted to 7-8; an initiator is added dropwise, the temperature is increased, the reaction is incubated, the temperature is increased, the reaction is incubated, the temperature is lowered, and a viscous liquid is obtained; the above-mentioned viscous liquid is granulated to obtain a final product. The present invention has the characteristics of a wide source of raw materials, a simple synthesis process, no by-products, and a good demulsification effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of petroleum extraction and relates to a comb-shaped demulsifier for demulsifying high-solid crude oil and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The properties of produced fluids during the high water content development period of oil fields have undergone major changes. The speed of oil-water separation has slowed down significantly, the water content of emulsified oil has increased, the oil content of wastewater has increased, and the difficulty of producing fluid treatment has increased. The produced fluid has changed from the previous water-in-oil (W / O) emulsion to water-in-oil (W / O) emulsion, and the specific gravity is getting larger and larger. It is necessary to demulsify the produced water to recover the crude oil.

[0003] The crude oil emulsion has changed from mainly oil-in-water emulsion to water-in-oil emulsion, which has increased the difficulty of crude oil demulsification and dehydration, and also caused great changes in the composition structure and demulsification mechanism of crude oil demulsifiers. Crude oil demulsifiers should have strong surface activity, good wetting properties, sufficient flocculation ability and good aggregation effect.

[0004] CN101113028A discloses a preparation method of a demulsifying purifier, characterized in that it is composed of the following raw materials in weight percentage: 2% to 68% of sewage, 2% to 37% of polyferric sulfate, 5% to 45% of polyaluminium chloride, 6% to 57% of anhydrous calcium chloride, and 19% to 47% of ferric chloride; the preparation method is: put sewage, polyferric sulfate and polyaluminium chloride into a mixer, then pour in anhydrous calcium chloride and add 50% of water of the sum of the four raw materials, stir fully, stir at a speed of 60 revolutions per minute, ensure that the solid components are completely dissolved, and keep for 2-3 hours; then add ferric chloride and continue stirring, stirring at a speed of 50-80 revolutions per minute, for half an hour to 1 hour, stop for 6-10 hours, filter and pack into product packaging barrels. The invention has the advantages of good sewage treatment effect and small investment. The dosage of the agent of the invention is 300-500 mg / L. Such a large dosage not only increases the production cost, but also produces a large amount of scum. In addition, a large amount of soluble inorganic salts are introduced into the water body, which also causes secondary pollution.

[0005] CN109575984A discloses a crude oil demulsifier for normal low temperature, which consists of: 10-50% by mass of silicone polyether with a viscosity of 200-300cSt, an HLB value of 7-10, and a closed cup flash point greater than 60°C; and 50-90% by mass of a mixture of one or more as a solvent. The silicone polyether in the composition of the crude oil demulsifier has different structures and molecular weight distributions, and has a highly efficient oil-water demulsification effect. Siloxane has low surface tension, low cohesive energy, and low temperature sensitivity, and can achieve demulsification at a low temperature of 30°C. The amount added is reduced by more than 50% compared to the use of polyether surfactants alone, and the dehydration rate is fast, the demulsification effect is good, and the overall cost is reduced. The crude oil dehydration rate of the demulsifier of the invention is only 40% at 120 minutes, which cannot meet production needs, and the dehydration effect needs to be improved. Summary of the invention

[0006] The present invention aims to provide a comb-shaped demulsifier for high-solid crude oil demulsification and a preparation method thereof in view of the deficiencies of the prior art. The present invention has the characteristics of wide raw material sources, simple synthesis process, no by-products, and good demulsification effect. When the use concentration is 100 mg / L, the oil removal rate reaches more than 98%.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, one of the objects of the present invention is to disclose a comb-shaped demulsifier for demulsifying high-solid crude oil, and the molecular structure of the comb-shaped demulsifier is as follows:

[0008]

[0009] in:

[0010] m=5-50;

[0011] n=2-20;

[0012] a=5000-50000;

[0013] b = 2000-40000;

[0014] c = 1000-20000;

[0015] d=1000-20000.

[0016] Preferably, the viscosity average molecular weight of the comb-shaped demulsifier is 10,000,000-20,000,000.

[0017] Another object of the present invention is to disclose a method for preparing the comb-shaped demulsifier. The specific steps of the preparation method are as follows:

[0018] (1) Add 2-methylpropenol and a catalyst to a high-pressure reactor, purge the pipeline and the reactor with nitrogen for 2-3 minutes, evacuate, add propylene oxide at once, heat to 160-170°C, keep warm for 1-3 hours, cool the system to 85-90°C after the reaction, introduce ethylene oxide at a rate of 2-3 ml / min, heat to 150-160°C after the introduction, keep warm for 2-6 hours, cool the system to below 40°C after the reaction, add hydrochloric acid to adjust the pH to 7-8, and obtain an intermediate unsaturated polyether;

[0019] (2) Transfer the above unsaturated polyether to a reactor, and then add (3-acrylamidopropyl)trimethylammonium chloride, benzyl methacrylate, butyl acrylate, TX-10 (nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether), buffer salt, and deionized water in sequence, purge the reactor with nitrogen for 3-5 minutes, and stir at a high speed of 1000-1200 rpm until all the raw materials become a uniform emulsion, and adjust the pH to 7-8 with sodium hydroxide solution;

[0020] (3) Adjust the stirring speed of the reactor to 200-300 rpm, add the initiator dropwise, and slowly raise the temperature to 50-60°C. When the solution begins to become viscous, stop heating, stir and keep warm for 0.5-1h. When the viscosity no longer increases, continue to heat to 80-90°C, adjust the stirring speed to 80-100 rpm, continue stirring and keep warm for 0.5-1h, cool to 40-50°C, and adjust the pH to 7-8 with sodium hydroxide solution to obtain a viscous liquid;

[0021] (4) The viscous liquid is granulated with a granulator to obtain a particle size of 0.5-2 mm to obtain a final product, a comb-shaped demulsifier.

[0022] In the present invention, preferably, the molar ratio of propylene oxide, ethylene oxide, (3-acrylamidopropyl)trimethylammonium chloride, benzyl methacrylate, butyl acrylate and 2-methylpropenol is 2-20: 5-50: 0.2-0.6: 0.1-0.3: 0.1-0.3: 1; more preferably, the molar ratio of propylene oxide, ethylene oxide, (3-acrylamidopropyl)trimethylammonium chloride, benzyl methacrylate, butyl acrylate and 2-methylpropenol is 5-10: 10-20: 0.2-0.3: 0.1-0.2: 0.1-0.2: 1.

[0023] In the present invention, preferably, the catalyst in step (1) is solid sodium hydroxide or solid potassium hydroxide, and the weight ratio of the catalyst to 2-methylpropenol is 0.3-0.6:1.

[0024] In the present invention, preferably, the buffer salt in step (2) is one of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, sodium dihydrogen phosphate, and disodium hydrogen phosphate.

[0025] In the present invention, preferably, the weight ratio of TX-10 (nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether), buffer salt, deionized water and 2-methylpropenol in step (2) is 0.5-1:0.2-0.5:20-80:1.

[0026] In the present invention, preferably, the initiator in step (3) is a mixed solution of persulfate and a reducing sulfur-containing salt, and the weight ratio of the initiator to 2-methylpropenol is 1-3:1.

[0027] More preferably, the persulfate is one of potassium persulfate, ammonium persulfate and sodium persulfate, and the concentration of the persulfate is 10-12 wt %.

[0028] More preferably, the reducing sulfur-containing salt is one of sodium bisulfite, sodium sulfite and sodium thiosulfate, and the concentration of the reducing sulfur-containing salt is 5-6wt%.

[0029] The synthetic reaction equation of the comb-shaped demulsifier of the present invention is as follows:

[0030]

[0031]

[0032]

[0033] The comb-shaped demulsifier of the present invention is a high molecular surfactant, which belongs to a linear comb-shaped structure. The soft chain-like molecular structure determines that the present invention has a particularly excellent agglomeration function for particles. The present invention contains a large number of functional groups that can play a demulsification role, including polyether, quaternary ammonium, ester, and amide. The quaternary ammonium salt has a positive charge and can neutralize the negatively charged oil droplets, so that the oil droplets lose the repulsive effect and aggregate with each other, reduce the stability of the interface film, and achieve oil-water separation; the polyether segment in the molecule of the present invention can capture a large number of oil droplets, increase the collision opportunity with the anions in the present invention and crude oil, neutralize the electrical properties of the surface of the oil droplets, destroy the stability of the original emulsion, and achieve oil-water separation; the present invention can penetrate and adhere to the interface of the emulsified droplets, replace the original emulsifier and destroy the surface film, release the droplets encapsulated in the film and make them aggregate, so that the oil and water phases are separated.

[0034] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0035] (1) The raw materials of the comb-shaped demulsifier of the present invention are widely available, the synthesis process is simple, and there are no by-products;

[0036] (2) The comb-shaped demulsifier of the present invention has a good demulsification effect. For an emulsified oil with an oil content of 18000 mg / L, the oil removal rate reaches more than 98% when the use concentration is 100 mg / L. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with specific examples and with reference to data. It should be understood that these examples are only intended to illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention in any way.

[0038] Example 1

[0039] (1) Add 0.1 mol 2-methylpropenol and 2.16 g sodium hydroxide solid to a high-pressure reactor, purge the pipeline and reactor with nitrogen for 2 min, evacuate, add 0.2 mol propylene oxide at once, heat to 160°C, keep warm for 1 h, cool the system to 85°C after the reaction, introduce 1.2 mol ethylene oxide at a rate of 2 ml / min, heat to 150°C after the introduction, keep warm for 2 h, cool the system to below 40°C after the reaction, add 1 mol / L hydrochloric acid to adjust the pH to 7-8, and obtain an intermediate unsaturated polyether;

[0040] (2) The unsaturated polyether was transferred to a reactor, and 0.02 mol (3-acrylamidopropyl) trimethylammonium chloride, 0.02 mol benzyl methacrylate, 0.02 mol butyl acrylate, 3.6 g TX-10, 1.44 g potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and 144 g deionized water were added in sequence. The reactor was purged with nitrogen for 3 min and stirred at a high speed of 1050 rpm until all the raw materials were completely formed into a uniform emulsion. The pH was adjusted to 7-8 with 1 mol / L sodium hydroxide solution.

[0041] (3) The stirring speed of the reactor was adjusted to 200 rpm, and 7.2 g of initiator was added dropwise. The initiator was a mixture of 10 wt% potassium persulfate and 5 wt% sodium sulfite. The temperature was slowly raised to 50°C. The solution began to become viscous. The temperature was stopped and stirred and kept warm for 0.5 h. When the viscosity no longer increased, the temperature was continued to be raised to 85°C. The stirring speed was adjusted to 90 rpm. The stirring and keeping warm were continued for 0.5 h. The temperature was lowered to 40°C. The pH was adjusted to 7-8 with 1 mol / L sodium hydroxide solution to obtain a viscous liquid.

[0042] (4) The viscous liquid is granulated with a granulator to obtain a particle size of 0.5-2 mm to obtain a final product, a comb-shaped demulsifier.

[0043] Example 2

[0044] (1) Add 0.1 mol 2-methylpropenol and 2.98 g sodium hydroxide solid to a high-pressure reactor, purge the pipeline and reactor with nitrogen for 3 min, evacuate, add 0.8 mol propylene oxide at once, heat to 162°C, keep warm for 1.5 h, cool the system to 86°C after the reaction, introduce 1.5 mol ethylene oxide at a rate of 3 ml / min, heat to 155°C after the introduction, keep warm for 3 h, cool the system to below 40°C after the reaction, add 1 mol / L hydrochloric acid to adjust the pH to 7-8, and obtain an intermediate unsaturated polyether;

[0045] (2) The unsaturated polyether was transferred to a reactor, and 0.03 mol (3-acrylamidopropyl) trimethylammonium chloride, 0.01 mol benzyl methacrylate, 0.03 mol butyl acrylate, 4.7 g TX-10, 2.13 g sodium dihydrogen phosphate, and 284 g deionized water were added in sequence. The reactor was purged with nitrogen for 5 min and stirred at a high speed of 1150 rpm until all the raw materials became a uniform emulsion. The pH was adjusted to 7-8 with 1 mol / L sodium hydroxide solution.

[0046] (3) The stirring speed of the reactor was adjusted to 300 rpm, and 10.8 g of initiator was added dropwise. The initiator was a mixture of 12 wt% potassium persulfate and 5 wt% sodium bisulfite. The temperature was slowly raised to 50°C. The solution began to become viscous. The temperature was stopped and stirred for 1 hour. When the viscosity no longer increased, the temperature was continued to rise to 80°C. The stirring speed was adjusted to 100 rpm. The stirring was continued for 0.6 hours. The temperature was lowered to 50°C. The pH was adjusted to 7-8 with 1 mol / L sodium hydroxide solution to obtain a viscous liquid.

[0047] (4) The viscous liquid is granulated with a granulator to obtain a particle size of 0.5-2 mm to obtain a final product, a comb-shaped demulsifier.

[0048] Example 3

[0049] (1) Add 0.1 mol 2-methylpropenol and 3.24 g sodium hydroxide solid to a high-pressure reactor, purge the pipeline and reactor with nitrogen for 2 min, evacuate, add 2 mol propylene oxide at once, heat to 170°C, keep warm for 1 h, cool the system to 90°C after the reaction, introduce 0.5 mol ethylene oxide at a rate of 2 ml / min, heat to 152°C after the introduction, keep warm for 4 h, cool the system to below 40°C after the reaction, add 1 mol / L hydrochloric acid to adjust the pH to 7-8, and obtain an intermediate unsaturated polyether;

[0050] (2) The unsaturated polyether was transferred to a reactor, and 0.05 mol (3-acrylamidopropyl) trimethylammonium chloride, 0.02 mol benzyl methacrylate, 0.02 mol butyl acrylate, 6.3 g TX-10, 2.77 g potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and 300 g deionized water were added in sequence. The reactor was purged with nitrogen for 4 min and stirred at a high speed of 1100 rpm until all the raw materials became a uniform emulsion. The pH was adjusted to 7-8 with 1 mol / L sodium hydroxide solution.

[0051] (3) The stirring speed of the reactor was adjusted to 250 rpm, and 18 g of initiator was added dropwise. The initiator was a mixture of 10 wt% ammonium persulfate and 5 wt% sodium sulfite. The temperature was slowly raised to 55 °C. The solution began to become viscous. The temperature was stopped and stirred and kept warm for 1 h. When the viscosity no longer increased, the temperature was continued to be raised to 90 °C. The stirring speed was adjusted to 80 rpm. The stirring and keeping warm were continued for 0.7 h. The temperature was lowered to 44 °C. The pH was adjusted to 7-8 with 1 mol / L sodium hydroxide solution to obtain a viscous liquid.

[0052] (4) The viscous liquid is granulated with a granulator to obtain a particle size of 0.5-2 mm to obtain a final product, a comb-shaped demulsifier.

[0053] Example 4

[0054] (1) Add 0.1 mol 2-methylpropenol and 4.18 g sodium hydroxide solid to a high-pressure reactor, purge the pipeline and reactor with nitrogen for 3 min, evacuate, add 1.5 mol propylene oxide at once, heat to 163°C, keep warm for 2 h, cool the system to 88°C after the reaction, introduce 3 mol ethylene oxide at a rate of 3 ml / min, heat to 160°C after the introduction, keep warm for 6 h, cool the system to below 40°C after the reaction, add 1 mol / L hydrochloric acid to adjust the pH to 7-8, and obtain an intermediate unsaturated polyether;

[0055] (2) The unsaturated polyether was transferred to a reactor, and 0.04 mol (3-acrylamidopropyl) trimethylammonium chloride, 0.01 mol benzyl methacrylate, 0.03 mol butyl acrylate, 5.1 g TX-10, 3.60 g disodium hydrogen phosphate, and 418 g deionized water were added in sequence. The reactor was purged with nitrogen for 3 min and stirred at a high speed of 1000 rpm until all the raw materials became a uniform emulsion. The pH was adjusted to 7-8 with 1 mol / L sodium hydroxide solution.

[0056] (3) The stirring speed of the reactor was adjusted to 300 rpm, and 15 g of initiator was added dropwise. The initiator was a mixture of 12 wt% ammonium persulfate and 6 wt% sodium bisulfite. The temperature was slowly raised to 60°C. The solution began to become viscous. The temperature was stopped and stirred and kept warm for 0.8 h. When the viscosity no longer increased, the temperature was continued to be raised to 82°C. The stirring speed was adjusted to 90 rpm. The stirring and keeping warm were continued for 1 h. The temperature was lowered to 50°C. The pH was adjusted to 7-8 with 1 mol / L sodium hydroxide solution to obtain a viscous liquid.

[0057] (4) The viscous liquid is granulated with a granulator to obtain a particle size of 0.5-2 mm to obtain a final product, a comb-shaped demulsifier.

[0058] Example 5

[0059] (1) Add 0.1 mol 2-methylpropenol and 4.32 g potassium hydroxide solid to a high-pressure reactor, purge the pipeline and reactor with nitrogen for 2 min, evacuate, add 1.2 mol propylene oxide at once, heat to 165°C, keep warm for 3 h, cool the system to 85°C after the reaction, introduce 4 mol ethylene oxide at a rate of 2 ml / min, heat to 160°C after the introduction, keep warm for 5 h, cool the system to below 40°C after the reaction, add 1 mol / L hydrochloric acid to adjust the pH to 7-8, and obtain an intermediate unsaturated polyether;

[0060] (2) The unsaturated polyether was transferred to a reactor, and 0.05 mol (3-acrylamidopropyl) trimethylammonium chloride, 0.02 mol benzyl methacrylate, 0.01 mol butyl acrylate, 5.8 g TX-10, 2.81 g sodium dihydrogen phosphate, and 503 g deionized water were added in sequence. The reactor was purged with nitrogen for 5 min and stirred at a high speed of 1200 rpm until all the raw materials became a uniform emulsion. The pH was adjusted to 7-8 with 1 mol / L sodium hydroxide solution.

[0061] (3) The stirring speed of the reactor was adjusted to 250 rpm, and 21.6 g of initiator was added dropwise. The initiator was a mixture of 10 wt% sodium persulfate and 5 wt% sodium thiosulfate. The temperature was slowly raised to 60°C. The solution began to become viscous. The temperature was stopped and stirred and kept warm for 1 hour. When the viscosity no longer increased, the temperature was continued to be raised to 87°C. The stirring speed was adjusted to 85 rpm. The stirring and keeping warm were continued for 0.8 hours. The temperature was lowered to 40°C. The pH was adjusted to 7-8 with 1 mol / L sodium hydroxide solution to obtain a viscous liquid.

[0062] (4) The viscous liquid is granulated with a granulator to obtain a particle size of 0.5-2 mm to obtain a final product, a comb-shaped demulsifier.

[0063] Example 6

[0064] (1) Add 0.1 mol 2-methylpropenol and 3.97 g potassium hydroxide solid to a high-pressure reactor, purge the pipeline and reactor with nitrogen for 3 min, evacuate, add 1 mol propylene oxide at once, heat to 168°C, keep warm for 1.5 h, cool the system to 85°C after the reaction, introduce 5 mol ethylene oxide at a rate of 2 ml / min, heat to 157°C after the introduction, keep warm for 6 h, cool the system to below 40°C after the reaction, add 1 mol / L hydrochloric acid to adjust the pH to 7-8, and obtain an intermediate unsaturated polyether;

[0065] (2) The unsaturated polyether was transferred to a reactor, and 0.06 mol (3-acrylamidopropyl) trimethylammonium chloride, 0.03 mol benzyl methacrylate, 0.01 mol butyl acrylate, 7.2 g TX-10, 3.08 g sodium dihydrogen phosphate, and 576 g deionized water were added in sequence. The reactor was purged with nitrogen for 4 min and stirred at a high speed of 1000 rpm until all the raw materials were completely formed into a uniform emulsion. The pH was adjusted to 7-8 with 1 mol / L sodium hydroxide solution.

[0066] (3) The stirring speed of the reactor was adjusted to 220 rpm, and 17.6 g of initiator was added dropwise. The initiator was a mixture of 12 wt% sodium persulfate and 5 wt% sodium thiosulfate. The temperature was slowly raised to 52 °C. The solution began to become viscous. The temperature was stopped and stirred and kept warm for 1 h. When the viscosity no longer increased, the temperature was continued to be raised to 83 °C. The stirring speed was adjusted to 95 rpm. The stirring and keeping warm were continued for 1 h. The temperature was lowered to 40 °C. The pH was adjusted to 7-8 with 1 mol / L sodium hydroxide solution to obtain a viscous liquid.

[0067] (4) The viscous liquid is granulated with a granulator to obtain a particle size of 0.5-2 mm to obtain a final product, a comb-shaped demulsifier.

[0068] Example 7 Indoor Evaluation of Demulsifier

[0069] The crude oil emulsion in the No. 5 oil tank of a joint station of Shengli Oilfield was taken. The emulsion was taken from 2 meters of the oil tank and had an oil content of 18000 mg / L. The performance of the demulsifier of the present invention (Examples 1-6) was evaluated at 70°C with reference to SY / T 5797-1993 "Method for evaluating the performance of demulsifiers for oil-in-water emulsions". The evaluation results are shown in Table 1.

[0070] A comparative experiment was conducted using the L-45 demulsifier from Jiangsu Haian Petrochemical Plant.

[0071] Table 1 Demulsifier performance test results

[0072]

[0073] From Table 1 we can see that:

[0074] (1) When the demulsifier of the present invention (Examples 1-6) was used at a concentration of 50 mg / L, the oil removal rate reached more than 97%, with the highest reaching 99.52%. The oil removal rate of the comparative demulsifier L-45 was 81.6%, which was significantly lower than that of the present invention;

[0075] (2) When the demulsifier of the present invention (Examples 1-6) is used at a concentration of 100 mg / L, the oil removal rate reaches over 98%, with the highest reaching 99.6%. The oil removal rate of the comparative demulsifier L-45 is 92.9%, which is significantly lower than that of the present invention.

[0076] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Within the technical concept of the present invention, the technical solution of the present invention can be subjected to a variety of simple modifications, including the combination of various technical features in any other suitable manner, and these simple modifications and combinations should also be regarded as the contents disclosed by the present invention and belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a comb-shaped demulsifier for demulsifying high-solid crude oil, characterized in that: The specific steps of the preparation method are as follows: (1) Add 2-methylpropenol and a catalyst to a high-pressure reactor, purge the pipeline and the reactor with nitrogen for 2-3 minutes, evacuate, add propylene oxide at once, heat to 160-170°C, keep warm for 1-3 hours, cool the system to 85-90°C after the reaction, introduce ethylene oxide at a rate of 2-3 ml / min, heat to 150-160°C after the introduction, keep warm for 2-6 hours, cool the system to below 40°C after the reaction, add hydrochloric acid to adjust the pH to 7-8, and obtain an intermediate unsaturated polyether; (2) The unsaturated polyether is transferred to a reactor, and (3-acrylamidopropyl)trimethylammonium chloride, benzyl methacrylate, butyl acrylate, nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, buffer salt, and deionized water are added in sequence. The reactor is purged with nitrogen for 3-5 minutes and stirred at a high speed of 1000-1200 rpm until all the raw materials become a uniform emulsion. The pH is adjusted to 7-8 with sodium hydroxide solution. (3) Adjust the stirring speed of the reactor to 200-300 rpm, add the initiator dropwise, and slowly raise the temperature to 50-60°C. When the solution begins to become viscous, stop heating, stir and keep warm for 0.5-1h. When the viscosity no longer increases, continue to heat to 80-90°C, adjust the stirring speed to 80-100 rpm, continue stirring and keep warm for 0.5-1h, cool to 40-50°C, and adjust the pH to 7-8 with sodium hydroxide solution to obtain a viscous liquid; (4) Granulating the viscous liquid with a granulator to obtain a final product, a comb-shaped demulsifier; The molar ratio of propylene oxide, ethylene oxide, (3-acrylamidopropyl)trimethylammonium chloride, benzyl methacrylate, butyl acrylate and 2-methylpropenol is 2-20:5-50:0.2-0.6:0.1-0.3:0.1-0.3:

1.

2. The method for preparing a comb-shaped demulsifier for demulsifying high-solid crude oil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The molar ratio of propylene oxide, ethylene oxide, (3-acrylamidopropyl)trimethylammonium chloride, benzyl methacrylate, butyl acrylate and 2-methylpropenol is 5-10:10-20:0.2-0.3:0.1-0.2:0.1-0.2:

1.

3. The method for preparing a comb-shaped demulsifier for demulsifying high-solid crude oil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The catalyst in step (1) is solid sodium hydroxide or solid potassium hydroxide, and the weight ratio of the catalyst to 2-methylpropenol is 0.3-0.6:

1.

4. The method for preparing a comb-shaped demulsifier for demulsifying high-solid crude oil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The buffer salt in step (2) is one of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, sodium dihydrogen phosphate, and disodium hydrogen phosphate.

5. The method for preparing a comb-shaped demulsifier for demulsifying high-solid crude oil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The weight ratio of nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, buffer salt, deionized water and 2-methylpropenol in step (2) is 0.5-1:0.2-0.5:20-80:

1.

6. The method for preparing a comb-shaped demulsifier for demulsifying high-solid crude oil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The initiator in step (3) is a mixed solution of persulfate and reducing sulfur-containing salt, and the weight ratio of the initiator to 2-methylpropenol is 1-3:

1.

7. The method for preparing a comb-shaped demulsifier for demulsifying high-solid crude oil according to claim 6, characterized in that: The persulfate is one of potassium persulfate, ammonium persulfate, and sodium persulfate, with a concentration of 10-12wt%; the reducing sulfur-containing salt is one of sodium bisulfite, sodium sulfite, and sodium thiosulfate, with a concentration of 5-6wt%.

8. A comb-shaped demulsifier for demulsifying high-solid crude oil, characterized in that: The molecular structure of the comb-shaped demulsifier is as follows: in: m=5-50； n=2-20； a=5000-50000； b=2000-40000； c=1000-20000； d=1000-20000。 9. The comb-shaped demulsifier according to claim 8, characterized in that: The viscosity average molecular weight of the comb-shaped demulsifier is 10,000,000-20,000,000.

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