Sealing device for guide vane sleeve of water turbine

Abstract

The invention discloses a water turbine guide vane sleeve sealing device, and relates to the technical field of water turbine sealing. The device comprises a fixing assembly which comprises an inner cylinder and push rods, and the push rods are uniformly distributed on the inner wall of a cylinder body of the inner cylinder; the sealing assembly comprises a first steam sealing ring and a second steam sealing ring, the first steam sealing ring is arranged on the inner wall of the inner cylinder body in a matched mode, the second steam sealing ring is arranged in the first steam sealing ring in an embedded mode, and the push rod is inserted into the first steam sealing ring, connected with the second steam sealing ring and capable of pushing the second steam sealing ring to move; and the rotor assembly comprises a center rotor and gland sealing teeth, the center rotor is rotationally arranged in the first gland sealing ring, and multiple groups of gland sealing teeth are uniformly arranged on the outer wall of the center rotor. The problem that a Y-shaped sealing ring of an existing water turbine is low in sealing performance is effectively solved, through sealing of the comb tooth labyrinth, the sealing capacity of the sealing sleeve is greatly improved, and the influence on sealing caused by vibration of the sealing sleeve due to rotation of a guide vane mechanism can be effectively relieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of water turbine sealing, and in particular to a water turbine guide vane sleeve sealing device. Background Art

[0002] The sealing sleeve in the turbine guide vane mechanism is one of the key components to ensure the normal operation of the turbine. Its main function is to prevent water leakage during the movement of the guide vane mechanism, thereby ensuring the efficiency and safe operation of the turbine.

[0003] In traditional designs, Y-type sealing rings are widely used due to their simple structure and easy installation. However, during the assembly process, the Y-type sealing ring is prone to biting, the sealing assembly condition cannot be detected, and the water sealing effect can only be verified after the unit is filled with water and put into operation. In addition, the Y-type sealing ring is not wear-resistant, easy to age, and has poor shear strength. Therefore, after the unit is filled with water, the Y-type sealing ring is torn under the shearing action of the bushing. As time goes by, the seal completely loses its function, and the water in the flow channel leaks along the sealing surface, causing the sleeve to leak. Since the Y-type sealing ring is easily affected by water pressure, temperature changes and mechanical wear during long-term use, resulting in a decrease in sealing performance, it is urgent to improve the sealing structure of the sealing sleeve. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of this section is to summarize some aspects of embodiments of the present invention and briefly introduce some preferred embodiments. Some simplifications or omissions may be made in this section and the specification abstract and the invention title of this application to avoid blurring the purpose of this section, the specification abstract and the invention title, and such simplifications or omissions cannot be used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0005] In view of the problem of low sealing performance of the sealing sleeve of the above-mentioned existing water turbine, the present invention is proposed.

[0006] Therefore, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a turbine guide vane sleeve sealing device, which aims to achieve gas counter-flow resistance and sealing by changing the flow direction of high-temperature and high-pressure water flowing through the steam seal ring.

[0007] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a turbine guide vane sleeve sealing device, which includes: a fixing assembly, including an inner cylinder and a push rod, and the push rods are arranged in multiple groups and are evenly distributed on the inner wall of the inner cylinder; a sealing assembly, including a first steam seal ring and a second steam seal ring, the first steam seal ring is cooperatively arranged on the inner wall of the inner cylinder, the second steam seal ring is nested in the first steam seal ring, and the push rod is inserted into the first steam seal ring and connected to the second steam seal ring, so as to push the second steam seal ring to move, and; a rotor assembly, including a center rotor and steam seal teeth, the center rotor is rotatably arranged in the first steam seal ring, and the steam seal teeth are evenly arranged in multiple groups on the outer wall of the center rotor.

[0008] As a preferred solution of the turbine guide vane sleeve sealing device of the present invention, wherein: the first steam seal ring structure is an I-shaped structure, including a clamping block, a supporting block and a sealing block; a convex groove is opened in the middle of the inner cylinder, and the convex groove includes a sliding groove and a stabilizing groove, the clamping block is clamped in the sliding groove, and the size of the sliding groove is larger than the clamping block, which can meet the condition that the clamping block slides inside it, and the supporting block is clamped in the stabilizing groove.

[0009] As a preferred solution of the turbine guide vane sleeve sealing device of the present invention, wherein: the sealing block is sequentially provided with a first sealing tooth, a second sealing tooth, a third sealing tooth, a fourth sealing tooth and a fifth sealing tooth; a placement groove is formed between each of the first sealing tooth, the second sealing tooth, the third sealing tooth, the fourth sealing tooth and the fifth sealing tooth, and the cross-sectional shape of the placement groove is a parallelogram, and the acute angle formed with the horizontal end face of the sealing block is 60°.

[0010] As a preferred solution of the turbine guide vane sleeve sealing device of the present invention, wherein: the angle of the bevel on the side of the first sealing tooth close to the second sealing tooth is 120°; the second sealing tooth includes a first oblique tooth and a first vertical tooth, the cross-sectional shapes of the first oblique tooth and the first vertical tooth are both triangular, the angle between the side of the first oblique tooth close to the first sealing tooth and the horizontal direction of the sealing block is 60°, and the first vertical tooth is vertically arranged on the side of the first oblique tooth close to the third sealing tooth; the structure of the fourth sealing tooth is the same as that of the second sealing tooth; the second vertical tooth and the third vertical tooth are symmetrically and vertically arranged on the third sealing tooth, the cross-sectional shape of the second vertical tooth and the third vertical tooth is an isosceles triangle, and a convolution groove is formed between the two; the fourth vertical tooth is arranged on the fifth sealing tooth, the cross-sectional shape of the fourth vertical tooth is a rectangle, and the first vertical tooth, the second vertical tooth, the third vertical tooth and the fourth vertical tooth are at an equal distance from the center rotor at one end away from the sealing block.

[0011] As a preferred solution of the turbine guide vane sleeve sealing device of the present invention, a plurality of displacement holes are evenly arranged at the bottom end of the placement groove, the number of the displacement holes is equal to the push rod, corresponding to the push rod one by one, and the push rod can slide in the displacement hole.

[0012] As a preferred solution of the turbine guide vane sleeve sealing device of the present invention, the second steam seal ring includes a base, a guide connecting plate, a stabilizing tube and low-bevel teeth; the base can slide along its bevel edge in the placement groove, one end of the push rod is fixedly connected to the base, and the other end is hinged to the inner wall of the inner cylinder.

[0013] As a preferred solution of the turbine guide vane sleeve sealing device of the present invention, one end of the guide connecting plate is connected to the base, and the other end is connected to the stabilizing tube, a side of the guide connecting plate close to the first sealing tooth is provided with an arc-shaped slope, and leakage holes are transversely opened on the arc-shaped slope, and the stabilizing tube has a connecting chamber inside, and a plurality of groups of air inlet holes are evenly opened on the end connected to the guide connecting plate, the edges of the air inlet holes are tangent to the arc-shaped slope, and are staggered with the leakage holes; air outlet holes are arranged side by side on the side opposite to the air inlet holes in the stabilizing tube, the number of the air outlet holes is more than the air inlet holes, and the hole diameter thereof is smaller than the air inlet holes.

[0014] As a preferred solution of the turbine guide vane sleeve sealing device of the present invention, there are multiple groups of low-bevel teeth, which are arranged in sequence on the end face of the stabilizing tube on the side with the air outlet, and the cross-sectional shape of the low-bevel teeth is a triangle, and the angle between the end close to the first sealing tooth and the stabilizing tube is 60°, and the air outlet is between the low-bevel teeth.

[0015] As a preferred solution of the turbine guide vane sleeve sealing device of the present invention, air flow grooves are formed between the steam seal teeth, the placement grooves correspond one-to-one with the steam seal teeth, and the air flow grooves correspond to the first sealing teeth, the second sealing teeth, the third sealing teeth, the fourth sealing teeth and the fifth sealing teeth.

[0016] As a preferred solution of the turbine guide vane sleeve sealing device of the present invention, wherein: a telescopic column is elastically connected to the bottom of the sliding groove and the stabilizing groove, and the clamping block is fixedly connected to the telescopic column; the distance from the tooth top of the low helical tooth to the steam seal tooth is greater than the distance from the first vertical tooth to the center rotor.

[0017] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0018] By installing the first steam seal ring and the second steam seal ring in the inner cylinder, the push rod is inserted into the first steam seal ring and connected to the second steam seal ring. When water flows into the guide vane mechanism, it drives the rotor assembly to rotate. Part of the water flows along the center rotor and the steam seal tooth surface in the direction of force, and when part of the water flows through the sealing block and the low oblique teeth, the oblique teeth and vertical teeth arranged on the sealing block change direction under the cooperation of the low oblique teeth on the second steam seal ring. The oblique return water meets the direct current water symmetrically, blocks the direct current water, forms a check effect, and minimizes leakage losses.

[0019] In addition, multiple sets of sealing components are spliced ​​into a complete circular seal. When the rotor deviates from the axis during rotation at a critical speed, the central rotor will preferentially squeeze the sealing component in the direction of its offset, and contact the vertical teeth on the first steam seal ring at the first time. The telescopic column retracts under pressure. At this time, the push rod and the first steam seal ring are relatively displaced, and squeeze and push the second steam seal ring to make it slide inside the first steam seal ring, eventually achieving a state of blocking the water flow path at the same time as the first steam seal ring, greatly improving the sealing effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for describing the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative labor. Among them:

[0021] Figure 1 The figure is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the water turbine guide vane sleeve sealing device of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 2 The figure is a schematic diagram of the inner cylinder structure of the guide vane sleeve sealing device of the water turbine of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 3 The figure is a schematic structural diagram of the first steam seal ring of the turbine guide vane sleeve sealing device of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 4 The present invention is a schematic structural diagram of a sealing block of a guide vane sleeve sealing device for a water turbine.

[0025] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of the first sealing tooth, the second sealing tooth, the third sealing tooth, the fourth sealing tooth and the fifth sealing tooth of the turbine guide vane sleeve sealing device of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 6 The figure is a schematic structural diagram of the second steam seal ring of the guide vane sleeve sealing device of the water turbine of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 7 The present invention is a schematic structural diagram of the central rotor of the turbine guide vane sleeve sealing device.

[0028] Figure 8 The figure is a schematic diagram of the sealing principle of the guide vane sleeve sealing device of the water turbine of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0030] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art may make similar generalizations without violating the connotation of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0031] Secondly, the term "one embodiment" or "embodiment" as used herein refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the present invention. The term "in one embodiment" that appears in different places in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor does it refer to a separate or selective embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments.

[0032] Secondly, the present invention is described in detail with reference to the schematic diagram. When describing the embodiments of the present invention in detail, for the sake of convenience, the cross-sectional diagrams showing the device structure will not be partially enlarged according to the general scale, and the schematic diagrams are only examples, which should not limit the scope of protection of the present invention. In addition, in actual production, the three-dimensional dimensions of length, width and depth should be included.

[0033] Example 1

[0034] Reference Figure 1 , which is the first embodiment of the present invention, provides a turbine guide vane sleeve sealing device, the device comprising: a fixing assembly 100, comprising an inner cylinder 101 and a push rod 102, the push rod 102 is provided with multiple groups, and is evenly distributed on the inner wall of the inner cylinder 101; a sealing assembly 200, comprising a first steam seal ring 201 and a second steam seal ring 202, the first steam seal ring 201 and the second steam seal ring 202 are both incomplete annular structures, but are provided with multiple groups to form a complete annular ring, the first steam seal ring Ring 201 is cooperatively arranged on the inner wall of the inner cylinder 101, the second steam seal ring 202 is nested in the first steam seal ring 201, and the push rod 102 is inserted into the first steam seal ring 201 and connected to the second steam seal ring 202, which can push the second steam seal ring 202 to move; and; the rotor assembly 300 includes a central rotor 301 and steam seal teeth 302, the central rotor 301 is rotatably arranged in the first steam seal ring 201, and the steam seal teeth 302 are evenly arranged in multiple groups on the outer wall of the central rotor 301.

[0035] Among them, the inner cylinder 101 is the cylinder body of the turbine body, and the push rod 102 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the inner cylinder 101, and the rotation direction is perpendicular to the axial direction of the inner cylinder 101. When there is no force, the direction always points to the center position of the semicircular inner cylinder 101.

[0036] The first steam seal ring 201 is clamped in the inner cylinder 101, and is provided with holes corresponding to the push rod 102 one by one, so that the push rod 102 passes through the first steam seal ring 201 and is connected to the second steam seal ring 202. When the first steam seal ring 201 is moved by force, the push rod 102 can push the second steam seal ring 202 to move within the first steam seal ring 201.

[0037] The rotor assembly 300 adopts the shaft structure of the existing turbine, and the steam seal teeth 302 and grooves thereon correspond to the second steam seal ring 202 and the first steam seal ring 201, so as to change the direction of water, block direct flow of water, form a check effect, and minimize leakage losses.

[0038] Example 2

[0039] Reference Figures 1 to 8 , which is the second embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that it also includes: the first steam seal ring 201 has an I-shaped structure, including a clamping block 201a, a supporting block 201b and a sealing block 201c; a convex groove 101a is opened in the middle of the inner cylinder 101, and the convex groove 101a includes a sliding groove 101a-1 and a stabilizing groove 101a-2. The clamping block 201a is clamped in the sliding groove 101a-1, and the size of the sliding groove 101a-1 is larger than the clamping block 201a, which can meet the condition that the clamping block 201a slides inside it, and the supporting block 201b is clamped in the stabilizing groove 101a-2 to ensure that the first steam seal ring 201 does not tilt when moving.

[0040] The sealing block 201c is provided with a first sealing tooth 201c-1, a second sealing tooth 201c-2, a third sealing tooth 201c-3, a fourth sealing tooth 201c-4 and a fifth sealing tooth 201c-5 in sequence; a placement groove A is formed between the first sealing tooth 201c-1, the second sealing tooth 201c-2, the third sealing tooth 201c-3, the fourth sealing tooth 201c-4 and the fifth sealing tooth 201c-5, and the cross-sectional shape of the placement groove A is a parallelogram, and the acute angle formed with the horizontal end face of the sealing block 201c is 60°. The angle of 60° can intercept water to a great extent, that is, it will not cause leakage, and can also change the direction of water flow.

[0041] The angle of the inclined surface on the side of the first sealing tooth 201c-1 close to the second sealing tooth 201c-2 is 120°. The purpose of setting this surface is to guide water into the placement groove A to achieve the purpose of preliminarily changing the direction of water flow; the second sealing tooth 201c-2 includes a first oblique tooth 201c-2a and a first vertical tooth 201c-2b. The cross-sectional shapes of the first oblique tooth 201c-2a and the first vertical tooth 201c-2b are both triangular. The angle between the side of the first oblique tooth 201c-2a close to the first sealing tooth 201c-1 and the horizontal direction of the sealing block 201c is 60°. The first vertical tooth 201c-2b is vertically arranged on the side of the first oblique tooth 201c-2a close to the third sealing tooth 201c-3. The purpose of tooth 201c-2a is to finally control the flow direction of water to meet the water above in an oblique direction to counteract the flow, thereby slowing down or even blocking the water from continuing to flow backward; the fourth sealing tooth 201c-4 has the same structure as the second sealing tooth 201c-2, and has the same function; the third sealing tooth 201c-3 is symmetrically and vertically arranged with a second vertical tooth 201c-3a and a third vertical tooth 201c-3b, and the cross-sectional shape of the second vertical tooth 201c-3a and the third vertical tooth 201c-3b is an isosceles triangle, and a vortex groove B is formed therebetween. When the water flows through the vortex groove B after being buffered in the front, because the high-temperature and high-pressure water flow has a larger momentum and flow capacity, the pressure will be reduced inside the groove, which will cause the airflow to swirl.

[0042] A fourth vertical tooth 201c-5a is arranged on the fifth sealing tooth 201c-5. The cross-sectional shape of the fourth vertical tooth 201c-5a is a rectangle. The rectangular fourth vertical tooth 201c-5a is the last sealing link. The top of the fourth vertical tooth 201c-5a is in direct contact with the center rotor 301 and can directly play a sealing role. The first vertical tooth 201c-2b, the second vertical tooth 201c-3a, the third vertical tooth 201c-3b and the fourth vertical tooth 201c-5a are at an equal distance from the center rotor 301 at one end away from the sealing block 201c. This is to ensure that they are of equal length and can contact the center rotor 301 at the same time to achieve the effect of synchronous sealing and reduce the risk of air leakage.

[0043] A plurality of displacement holes C are evenly arranged at the bottom of the placement slot A. The number of the displacement holes C is equal to the push rods 102 and corresponds to the push rods 102 one by one. The push rods 102 can slide in the displacement holes C.

[0044] The second steam seal ring 202 includes a base 202a, a guide connecting plate 202b, a stabilizing tube 202c and low oblique teeth 202d; the base 202a can slide along the oblique edge of the placement groove A, one end of the push rod 102 is fixedly connected to the base 202a, and the other end is hinged to the inner wall of the inner cylinder 101. When the central rotor 301 rotates and deviates from the axis of the turbine inner cylinder, it will definitely contact and squeeze the first vertical tooth 201c-2b, the second vertical tooth 201c-3a, the third vertical tooth 201c-3b and the fourth vertical tooth 201c-5a extending from the first steam seal ring 201 on one side, thereby causing the first steam seal ring 201 to shift as a whole. At this time, the push rod 102 will push the second steam seal ring 202 to make it contact with the first steam seal ring 201 and the central rotor 301, thereby achieving a multi-stage interception sealing effect.

[0045] The remaining structures are the same as those of Example 1.

[0046] Example 3

[0047] Reference Figures 1 to 8 , which is the third embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment is different from the second embodiment in that it also includes: one end of the guide connecting plate 202b is connected to the base 202a, and the other end is connected to the stabilizing tube 202c. The guide connecting plate 202b is provided with an arc slope on the side close to the first sealing tooth 201c-1. The arc slope can smoothly change the high-temperature and high-pressure water flow in the placement groove A to avoid water blockage here. A leakage hole 202b-1 is horizontally opened on the arc slope. The leakage hole 202b-1 allows a part of the high-temperature and high-pressure water flow in the placement groove A to pass through the guide connecting plate 202b and reach the placement groove A on the other side, and finally redirect backflow from the first oblique tooth 201c-2a. The stabilizing tube 202c has a connecting chamber inside, which is connected to the guide connecting plate 202b. Multiple groups of air inlet holes 202c-1 are evenly arranged at one end, and the edges of the air inlet holes 202c-1 are tangent to the arc slope and are staggered with the leakage holes 202b-1. The high-temperature and high-pressure water flow in the placement groove A flows along the arc slope through the air inlet holes 202c-1 and finally reaches the stabilizing tube 202c; air outlet holes 202c-2 are arranged side by side on the side opposite to the air inlet holes 202c-1 in the stabilizing tube 202c. The number of air outlet holes 202c-2 is more than that of the air inlet holes 202c-1, and the aperture thereof is smaller than that of the air inlet holes 202c-1. The function of the stabilizing tube 202c is to smooth the flow state of water so that water can be ejected from the air outlet holes 202c-2 more regularly. The reason why the air outlet holes 202c-2 are small and dense is to increase the flow rate of water ejected from the stabilizing tube 202c.

[0048] There are multiple groups of low-slant teeth 202d, which are arranged in sequence on the end face of the stabilizing tube 202c on one side having the air outlet 202c-2. The cross-sectional shape of the low-slant teeth 202d is a triangle, and the angle between the end close to the first sealing tooth 201c-1 and the stabilizing tube 202c is 60°. The air outlet 202c-2 is between the low-slant teeth 202d. The accelerated water is sprayed out from the air outlet 202c-2, flows along the surface of the low-slant teeth 202d, and forms a steam curtain to intercept the flowing water above.

[0049] Airflow grooves 302a are formed between the steam seal teeth 302, and the placement grooves A correspond one to one with the steam seal teeth 302. The airflow grooves 302a correspond to the first seal tooth 201c-1, the second seal tooth 201c-2, the third seal tooth 201c-3, the fourth seal tooth 201c-4 and the fifth seal tooth 201c-5.

[0050] A telescopic column 101a-1a is elastically connected to the bottom of the sliding groove 101a-1 and the stable groove 101a-2, and the clamping block 201a is fixedly connected to the telescopic column 101a-1a. The first steam seal ring 201 is squeezed by the center rotor 301 and can shrink; the distance from the tooth top of the low oblique tooth 202d to the steam seal tooth 302 is greater than the distance from the first vertical tooth 201c-2b to the center rotor 301, in order to ensure that when the first steam seal ring 201 is squeezed, the second steam seal ring 202 has not yet contacted the center rotor 301, so that the push rod 102 has space to push the second steam seal ring 202 to move.

[0051] The remaining structure is the same as that of Example 2.

[0052] During use, high-temperature and high-pressure water flow is introduced into the guide vane mechanism to drive the rotor assembly 300 to rotate. Part of the water begins to flow along the surface of the center rotor 301 and the steam seal teeth 302 in the direction of force, and when another part of the water flows through the sealing block 201c and the low-bevel teeth, the bevel teeth and vertical teeth arranged on the sealing block 201c change direction under the cooperation of the low-bevel teeth on the second steam seal ring 202, and the oblique return water meets the direct current water symmetrically, thereby blocking the direct current water and forming a check effect, thereby minimizing leakage losses.

[0053] Furthermore, multiple sets of sealing components 200 are spliced ​​into a complete circular seal. When the rotor deviates from the axis during rotation at a critical speed, the central rotor 301 will preferentially squeeze the sealing component 200 in the offset direction, and contact the vertical teeth on the first steam seal ring 201 at the first time. The telescopic column 101a-1a retracts under pressure. At this time, the push rod 102 and the first steam seal ring 201 are relatively displaced, and the second steam seal ring 202 is squeezed and pushed, causing it to slide obliquely inside the first steam seal ring 201, and finally reaching a state where the water flow path is blocked simultaneously with the first steam seal ring 201, thereby greatly improving the sealing effect.

[0054] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should all be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A water turbine guide vane sleeve sealing device, characterized in that: include, A fixing assembly (100) comprises an inner cylinder (101) and push rods (102), wherein the push rods (102) are provided in a plurality of groups and are evenly distributed on the inner wall of the inner cylinder (101); The sealing assembly (200) comprises a first steam sealing ring (201) and a second steam sealing ring (202), wherein the first steam sealing ring (201) is arranged on the inner wall of the inner cylinder (101), and the second steam sealing ring (202) is nested in the first steam sealing ring (201); The rotor assembly (300) comprises a central rotor (301) and steam seal teeth (302). The central rotor (301) is rotatably arranged inside the first steam seal ring (201). The steam seal teeth (302) are evenly arranged in multiple groups on the outer wall of the central rotor (301).

2. The water turbine guide vane sleeve sealing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first steam seal ring (201) is an I-shaped structure, comprising a clamping block (201a), a supporting block (201b) and a sealing block (201c); A convex groove (101a) is provided in the middle of the inner cylinder (101), and the convex groove (101a) includes a sliding groove (101a-1) and a stabilizing groove (101a-2). The snap-fit ​​block (201a) is snap-fitted into the sliding groove (101a-1), and the size of the sliding groove (101a-1) is larger than that of the snap-fit ​​block (201a), so as to meet the condition that the snap-fit ​​block (201a) can slide inside the sliding groove. The support block (201b) is snap-fitted into the stabilizing groove (101a-2).

3. The water turbine guide vane sleeve sealing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sealing block (201c) is provided with a first sealing tooth (201c-1), a second sealing tooth (201c-2), a third sealing tooth (201c-3), a fourth sealing tooth (201c-4) and a fifth sealing tooth (201c-5) in sequence; A placement groove (A) is formed between adjacent sealing teeth, the cross-sectional shape of the placement groove (A) is a parallelogram, and the acute angle formed by the placement groove (A) and the horizontal end surface of the sealing block (201c) is 60°.

4. The water turbine guide vane sleeve sealing device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The angle of the inclined surface on one side of the first sealing tooth (201c-1) close to the second sealing tooth (201c-2) is 120°; The second sealing tooth (201c-2) comprises a first oblique tooth (201c-2a) and a first vertical tooth (201c-2b); the cross-sectional shapes of the first oblique tooth (201c-2a) and the first vertical tooth (201c-2b) are both triangular; the angle between the side of the first oblique tooth (201c-2a) close to the first sealing tooth (201c-1) and the horizontal direction of the sealing block (201c) is 60°; the first vertical tooth (201c-2b) is vertically arranged on the side of the first oblique tooth (201c-2a) close to the third sealing tooth (201c-3); the structure of the fourth sealing tooth (201c-4) is the same as that of the second sealing tooth (201c-2); The third sealing tooth (201c-3) is symmetrically and vertically provided with a second vertical tooth (201c-3a) and a third vertical tooth (201c-3b); the cross-sectional shape of the second vertical tooth (201c-3a) and the third vertical tooth (201c-3b) is an isosceles triangle, and a convolute groove (B) is formed between the two. The fifth sealing tooth (201c-5) is provided with a fourth vertical tooth (201c-5a), the cross-sectional shape of the fourth vertical tooth (201c-5a) is rectangular, and the first vertical tooth (201c-2b), the second vertical tooth (201c-3a), the third vertical tooth (201c-3b) and the fourth vertical tooth (201c-5a) are at an equal distance from the central rotor (301) at one end away from the sealing block (201c).

5. The water turbine guide vane sleeve sealing device according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: A plurality of displacement holes (C) are evenly arranged at the bottom of the placement groove (A), the number of the displacement holes (C) is equal to the number of the push rod (102), the displacement holes (C) correspond to the push rod (102) one by one, and the push rod (102) can slide in the displacement holes (C).

6. The water turbine guide vane sleeve sealing device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The second steam seal ring (202) comprises a base (202a), a flow guide connecting plate (202b), a stabilizing tube (202c) and low-bevel teeth (202d); The base (202a) can slide in the placement groove (A) along its oblique edge; one end of the push rod (102) is fixedly connected to the base (202a), and the other end is hinged to the inner wall of the inner cylinder (101).

7. The water turbine guide vane sleeve sealing device according to claim 6, characterized in that: One end of the flow-guiding connecting plate (202b) is connected to the base (202a), and the other end is connected to the stabilizing tube (202c); a curved slope is provided on one side of the flow-guiding connecting plate (202b) close to the first sealing tooth (201c-1); a leakage hole (202b-1) is transversely provided on the curved slope; a communicating chamber is provided inside the stabilizing tube (202c); a plurality of groups of air inlet holes (202c-1) are evenly provided on one end of the stabilizing tube (202c) connected to the flow-guiding connecting plate (202b); the edges of the air inlet holes (202c-1) are tangent to the curved slope; and the stabilizing tube (202c) and the leakage holes (202b-1) are staggeredly distributed; The stabilizing tube (202c) is provided with air outlet holes (202c-2) arranged side by side on a side opposite to the air inlet hole (202c-1), the number of the air outlet holes (202c-2) is greater than the air inlet holes (202c-1), and the aperture of the air outlet holes (202c-2) is smaller than that of the air inlet hole (202c-1).

8. The water turbine guide vane sleeve sealing device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The low-slant teeth (202d) are provided in multiple groups and are arranged in sequence on the end surface of the stabilizing tube (202c) on the side having the air outlet (202c-2); the cross-sectional shape of the low-slant teeth (202d) is triangular; and the angle between one end of the low-slant teeth (202d) close to the first sealing tooth (201c-1) and the stabilizing tube (202c) is 60°.

9. The water turbine guide vane sleeve sealing device according to any one of claim 8, characterized in that: An airflow groove (302a) is formed between the steam seal teeth (302), the placement groove (A) corresponds one-to-one to the steam seal teeth (302), and the airflow groove (302a) corresponds to the first sealing tooth (201c-1), the second sealing tooth (201c-2), the third sealing tooth (201c-3), the fourth sealing tooth (201c-4) and the fifth sealing tooth (201c-5).

10. The water turbine guide vane sleeve sealing device according to claim 9, characterized in that: A telescopic column (101a-1a) is elastically connected in the sliding groove (101a-1) and on the groove bottom of the stable groove (101a-2), and the clamping block (201a) is fixedly connected to the telescopic column (101a-1a); The distance from the tooth top of the low-slant tooth (202d) to the steam seal tooth (302) is greater than the distance from the first vertical tooth (201c-2b) to the central rotor (301).

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