Method and device for evaluating current situation of hydrogen using load

Abstract

The invention relates to a hydrogen using load current situation evaluation method and device, belongs to the technical field of hydrogen using loads, and solves the problems of how to evaluate the hydrogen using load current situation and the like. The method comprises the following steps: constructing a hydrogen consumption load index system comprising a plurality of evaluation indexes from the dimensions of industry, electric power, traffic and heat supply; preprocessing the plurality of evaluation indexes; hydrogen load industry, electric power, traffic and heat supply indexes are calculated; a combined weight is obtained based on the subjective weight and the objective weight of the evaluation index, the subjective weight of the evaluation index is generated by adopting an analytic hierarchy process, and the objective weight of the evaluation index is generated by adopting an entropy weight method; calculating a hydrogen load comprehensive index based on the hydrogen load industry, power, traffic and heat supply indexes and the corresponding combined weights, and calculating an index close degree based on the combined weights; and determining the hydrogen load current situation based on the hydrogen load comprehensive index and the index close degree. And solving the index close degree to understand the actual current situation of the hydrogen load.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of hydrogen load technology, and in particular to a method and device for evaluating the current status of hydrogen load. Background Art

[0002] Evaluation is the process of comprehensive analysis, judgment and evaluation of an object, process or situation based on specific standards and objectives. It aims to provide information about the object being evaluated in order to make wise decisions, improvements and enhancements. It is widely used in various fields of life and production.

[0003] Hydrogen energy has broad application prospects and can serve as an important medium for energy interconnection and transformation, promote clean and efficient use of energy, and achieve large-scale deep decarbonization. At present, most studies focus more on hydrogen load assessment, and few studies assess the current status of hydrogen load. The current status assessment of hydrogen load is different from hydrogen load assessment. The main difference between the two lies in the different objects and purposes of the assessment. The current status assessment of hydrogen load focuses on the hydrogen demand and supply capacity of specific application areas or systems, while the hydrogen load assessment is more extensive, covering the hydrogen demand and supply situation of the entire region, country or world. The purpose of the current status assessment of hydrogen load is to determine the degree of match between hydrogen demand and supply capacity in specific application areas or systems to support decision-making and planning. The purpose of hydrogen load assessment is to understand the demand and supply situation of the hydrogen market to support the development of the hydrogen energy industry and policy formulation.

[0004] At present, the commonly used evaluation methods in research include hierarchical analysis method, fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method, data envelopment analysis method, grey relational analysis method, TOPSIS analysis method and fuzzy matter-element analysis method. The ideal matter-element extension model is based on extension theory and fuzzy mathematics. It is a mathematical model used for decision analysis and evaluation, and can handle multi-factor and multi-objective decision problems considering uncertainty and fuzziness. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the above analysis, the embodiments of the present invention aim to provide a method and device for evaluating the current status of hydrogen load, so as to solve the problem of how to evaluate the current status of hydrogen load.

[0006] On the one hand, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for evaluating the current status of hydrogen load, including: constructing a hydrogen load index system including multiple evaluation indicators from the dimensions of industry, electricity, transportation and heating; preprocessing multiple evaluation indicators in the hydrogen load evaluation index system; calculating the hydrogen load industrial index, the hydrogen load power index, the hydrogen load traffic index and the hydrogen load heating index based on the preprocessed multiple evaluation indicators; obtaining a combined weight based on the subjective weight and objective weight of the evaluation index, and the combined weight is used for the hydrogen load industrial index, the hydrogen load power index, the hydrogen load traffic index and the hydrogen load heating index, wherein the subjective weight of the evaluation index is generated by the hierarchical analysis method and the objective weight of the evaluation index is generated by the entropy weight method; and calculating the hydrogen load comprehensive index based on the hydrogen load industrial index, the hydrogen load power index, the hydrogen load traffic index and the hydrogen load heating index and the corresponding combined weights, and calculating the indicator closeness based on the combined weight; and determining the current status of hydrogen load based on the hydrogen load comprehensive index and the indicator closeness.

[0007] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: Based on the development of the hydrogen energy industry, relevant indicators are selected from the four fields of industry, electricity, transportation, and heating to construct an indicator system and a comprehensive index for evaluating the current status of hydrogen use. The evaluation indicators are standardized, and the indicator weights are determined by the AHP-entropy weight combination method. The ideal matter-element extension model is used to solve the indicator proximity, which is conducive to understanding the actual status of hydrogen load, evaluating the hydrogen use level and system performance in various fields, and helping to improve the efficiency, safety and reliability of the system.

[0008] Based on further improvements of the above method, calculating the hydrogen load industrial index, hydrogen load power index, hydrogen load traffic index and hydrogen load heating index based on multiple evaluation indicators after preprocessing further includes: obtaining the hydrogen load industrial index based on the benchmark values ​​of hydrogen metallurgy, petrochemical hydrogenation, hydrogen synthesis chemical products and industrial hydrogen consumption; obtaining the hydrogen load power index based on the hydrogen consumption of hydrogen energy storage, the average hydrogen consumption of hydrogen hybrid peak-shaving units, the average hydrogen consumption of hydrogen distributed power stations, the amount of hydrogen produced by abandoned power from new energy power stations and the benchmark value of hydrogen consumption in the power sector; obtaining the hydrogen load traffic index based on the average hydrogen consumption of hydrogen vehicles, the average hydrogen consumption of hydrogen fuel cell public transportation, the average hydrogen consumption of hydrogen refueling stations and the benchmark value of hydrogen consumption in the transportation sector; and obtaining the hydrogen load heating index based on the hydrogen consumption for heating, the hydrogen blending amount of natural gas hydrogen blending pipelines and the benchmark value of hydrogen consumption in the heating sector.

[0009] Based on the further improvement of the above method, the evaluation index includes a benefit index and a cost index, wherein the preprocessing of the multiple evaluation indexes in the hydrogen load evaluation index system further includes: normalizing the benefit index based on the maximum value, the minimum value and the benefit index among the multiple evaluation indexes; normalizing the cost index based on the maximum value, the minimum value and the cost index among the multiple evaluation indexes; and dimensionlessly processing the multiple evaluation indexes using the efficiency coefficient method:

[0010]

[0011] Among them, x" ij For the multiple evaluation indicators x ij After dimensionless processing, c and d are known constants.

[0012] Based on the further improvement of the above method, the subjective weight of the evaluation index generated by the hierarchical analysis method further includes: using n evaluation indicators to evaluate m evaluation objects to obtain the indicator matrix:

[0013]

[0014] The indicator matrix X is normalized to obtain the decision matrix Y = [y ij ] m×n ;

[0015]

[0016] After comparing n evaluation indicators pairwise, use scale a ij After quantification, we get the following judgment matrix A:

[0017]

[0018] Among them, ω i ,ω j Respectively represent the i-th and j-th evaluation indicators; the following formula is used for consistency test:

[0019]

[0020]

[0021] Among them, I CI is the consistency index; max is the maximum characteristic root of the judgment matrix A; n is the matrix order; I RI is the average random consistency index, when R CRWhen <0.10, it indicates that the ranking is consistent, otherwise the judgment matrix is ​​adjusted; based on the geometric mean of each row element in the judgment matrix A Calculate the subjective weight of the evaluation index:

[0022]

[0023]

[0024] in, is the geometric mean of the elements in each row of matrix A.

[0025] Based on the further improvement of the above method, the objective weight of the evaluation index generated by the entropy weight method further includes: normalizing the positive index and the negative index in the multiple evaluation indexes respectively:

[0026]

[0027]

[0028] Among them, x ij,max 、x ij,min x ij The maximum and minimum values ​​in the positive and negative indicators are obtained based on the normalized positive and negative indicators. and negative indicator set Calculate the proportion of the i-th evaluation object of the j-th evaluation indicator;

[0029]

[0030] Among them, y ij is the probability of the i-th evaluation object appearing under the j-th evaluation index; the information entropy e of the j-th evaluation index is calculated based on the probability of the i-th evaluation object appearing under the j-th evaluation index j :

[0031]

[0032] Among them, when y ij = 0, y ij lm ij Set to 0; calculate the objective weight Δ of the evaluation index based on the information entropy of the evaluation index j :

[0033]

[0034] Based on the further improvement of the above method, obtaining the combined weight based on the subjective weight and objective weight of the evaluation index further includes:

[0035]

[0036] Among them, Δ j is the objective weight of the evaluation index; W j is the subjective weight of the evaluation index.

[0037] Based on the further improvement of the above method, the calculation of the hydrogen load comprehensive index based on the hydrogen load industrial index, the hydrogen load power index, the hydrogen load traffic index and the hydrogen load heating index and the corresponding combined weights further includes:

[0038] HLCI=aHLCI I +bHLCI E +cHLCI T +dHLCI H ;

[0039] Among them, HLCI I The hydrogen load industrial index, HLCI E is the hydrogen load power index, HLCI T The hydrogen load traffic index and HLCI H is the hydrogen load heating index, and a, b, c, and d are the combined weights corresponding to the hydrogen load industrial index, the hydrogen load power index, the hydrogen load traffic index, and the hydrogen load heating index, respectively.

[0040] Based on the further improvement of the above method, calculating the index closeness based on the combined weight further includes: calculating the positive closeness of the object to be evaluated to the positive ideal matter-element based on the first distance between the object to be evaluated and the positive ideal matter-element and the combined weight:

[0041]

[0042] The negative closeness between the object to be evaluated and the negative ideal matter-element is calculated based on the second distance between the object to be evaluated and the negative ideal matter-element and the combined weight:

[0043]

[0044] The comprehensive closeness is calculated based on the positive closeness and the negative closeness:

[0045]

[0046] in, is a positive ideal element R + The jth ideal element in v j is the original value of the jth evaluation index, Negative ideal matter element value R -The jth ideal element of .

[0047] On the other hand, an embodiment of the present invention provides a device for evaluating the current status of hydrogen load, including: an indicator construction module, which is used to construct a hydrogen load indicator system including multiple evaluation indicators from the dimensions of industry, electricity, transportation and heating; a preprocessing module, which is used to preprocess multiple evaluation indicators in the hydrogen load evaluation indicator system; an index module, which is used to calculate the hydrogen load industrial index, hydrogen load electricity index, hydrogen load traffic index and hydrogen load heating index based on the preprocessed multiple evaluation indicators; a weight determination module, which is used to obtain a combined weight based on the subjective weight and objective weight of the evaluation indicator, and the combined weight is used for the hydrogen load industrial index , the hydrogen load power index, the hydrogen load traffic index and the hydrogen load heating index, wherein the subjective weights of the evaluation indicators are generated by the hierarchical analysis method and the objective weights of the evaluation indicators are generated by the entropy weight method; and a comprehensive indicator module, which is used to calculate the hydrogen load comprehensive index based on the hydrogen load industrial index, the hydrogen load power index, the hydrogen load traffic index and the hydrogen load heating index and the corresponding combined weights, and calculate the indicator closeness based on the combined weights; and a hydrogen load status module, which is used to determine the hydrogen load status based on the hydrogen load comprehensive index and the indicator closeness.

[0048] Based on the further improvement of the above-mentioned device, the index module includes an industrial index submodule, an electric power index submodule, a traffic index submodule and a heating index submodule, wherein the industrial index submodule is used to obtain the hydrogen load industrial index based on the benchmark values ​​of hydrogen metallurgy, petrochemical hydrogenation, hydrogen synthesis chemical products and industrial hydrogenation; the electric power index submodule is used to obtain the hydrogen load electric power index based on the hydrogen storage hydrogenation, the average hydrogen consumption of hydrogen hybrid peak-shaving units, the average hydrogen consumption of hydrogen distributed power stations, the abandoned power hydrogen production of new energy power stations and the benchmark value of hydrogen consumption in the electric power sector; the traffic index submodule is used to obtain the hydrogen load traffic index based on the average hydrogen consumption of hydrogen vehicles, the average hydrogen consumption of hydrogen fuel cell public transportation, the average hydrogen consumption of hydrogen filling stations and the benchmark value of hydrogen consumption in the transportation sector; and the heating index submodule is used to obtain the hydrogen load heating index based on the hydrogen consumption for heating, the hydrogen blending amount of natural gas hydrogen blending pipelines and the benchmark value of hydrogen consumption in the heating sector.

[0049] Compared with the prior art, the present invention can achieve at least one of the following beneficial effects:

[0050] 1. Based on the development of the hydrogen energy industry, relevant indicators are selected from the four fields of industry, electricity, transportation, and heating to construct an evaluation index system and comprehensive index for the current status of hydrogen use. The evaluation indicators are standardized, and the indicator weights are determined by the AHP-entropy weight combination method. The ideal matter-element extension model is used to solve the indicator proximity, which is conducive to understanding the actual status of hydrogen load, evaluating the hydrogen use level and system performance in various fields, and helping to improve the efficiency, safety and reliability of the system.

[0051] 2. If the evaluation results show that the proximity of hydrogen energy technology in a certain field is low, it means that the current status of hydrogen load in this field is poor. The follow-up measures are: (1) Formulate support policies: The government can introduce policies such as financial subsidies, tax incentives, and financial support to support the application of hydrogen energy technology to encourage enterprises to increase their investment in hydrogen energy technology; (2) Technical training and promotion: Organize practitioners in related fields to participate in hydrogen energy technology training and promotion activities to enhance their understanding and cognition of hydrogen energy technology; (3) Cooperation and information exchange: Establish cooperative relations with domestic and foreign enterprises and research institutions in the field of related hydrogen energy technology, share technical resources and experience, and promote the exchange and application of hydrogen energy technology.

[0052] 3. If the evaluation results show that the application of hydrogen energy technology in a certain field is relatively close, it means that the current status of hydrogen load in this field is developing well. The follow-up measures are: (1) Continuous improvement and optimization: Continue to deepen the application of hydrogen energy technology in related fields, promote technological innovation and improvement, and improve efficiency and cost-effectiveness. (2) Standardized management and supervision: Establish and improve the management system and supervision mechanism for the application of hydrogen energy technology to ensure that the application of technology complies with regulatory standards and safety requirements. (3) Expand scale application: Promote the application of hydrogen energy technology in a wider range through policy guidance and market promotion, expand market space and industrial value. Based on the results of the closeness evaluation, different measures can be taken to increase the application of hydrogen energy technology in related fields, achieve substitution of traditional energy, reduce carbon emissions and environmental pollution, promote the application of hydrogen energy technology in industrial transformation and upgrading, and enhance industrial competitiveness and sustainable development capabilities.

[0053] 4. The Hydrogen Load Comprehensive Index (HLCI) is an indicator to measure the current status of hydrogen load, which comprehensively considers the current status of hydrogen use in the industrial, power, transportation and heating fields. Using HLCI to comprehensively evaluate the current status of hydrogen use in a region, by comparing the comprehensive indexes between and within provinces, analyzing its advantages and disadvantages, and taking corresponding measures to improve it, is conducive to the comprehensive development of the hydrogen energy industry.

[0054] In the present invention, the above-mentioned technical solutions can also be combined with each other to achieve more preferred combination solutions. Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in the subsequent description, and some advantages can become obvious from the description, or can be understood by practicing the present invention. The purpose and other advantages of the present invention can be realized and obtained through the contents particularly pointed out in the description and the drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0055] The drawings are only for the purpose of illustrating particular embodiments and are not to be considered limiting of the present invention. Like reference symbols denote like components throughout the drawings.

[0056] Figure 1 is a flow chart of a method for evaluating the current status of hydrogen load according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 2 is an overall flow chart of a method for evaluating the current status of hydrogen load according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 3 A flow chart of a method for evaluating the current status of hydrogen load according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0059] Figure 4 4 is a block diagram of a device for evaluating the current status of hydrogen load according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0060] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein the accompanying drawings constitute a part of this application and are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to illustrate the principles of the present invention, but are not used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0061] refer to Figure 1, a specific embodiment of the present invention discloses a method for evaluating the current status of hydrogen load, including: in step S101, constructing a hydrogen load index system including multiple evaluation indicators from the dimensions of industry, electricity, transportation and heating. In step S102, preprocessing multiple evaluation indicators in the hydrogen load evaluation index system. In step S103, calculating the hydrogen load industrial index, hydrogen load power index, hydrogen load traffic index and hydrogen load heating index based on the preprocessed multiple evaluation indicators. In step S104, obtaining a combined weight based on the subjective weight and objective weight of the evaluation index, the combined weight is used for the hydrogen load industrial index, hydrogen load power index, hydrogen load traffic index and hydrogen load heating index, wherein the subjective weight of the evaluation index is generated by the hierarchical analysis method and the objective weight of the evaluation index is generated by the entropy weight method. In step S105, the hydrogen load comprehensive index is calculated based on the hydrogen load industrial index, hydrogen load power index, hydrogen load traffic index and hydrogen load heating index and the corresponding combined weights, and the index closeness is calculated based on the combined weight. In step S106, the current status of the hydrogen load is determined based on the comprehensive hydrogen load index and the index closeness.

[0062] Compared with the prior art, the method for evaluating the current status of hydrogen load provided in this embodiment is based on the development of the hydrogen energy industry, selects relevant indicators from the four fields of industry, electricity, transportation, and heating to construct a hydrogen status evaluation index system and a comprehensive index, standardizes the evaluation indicators, determines the indicator weights through the AHP-entropy weight combination method, and uses the ideal matter-element extension model to solve the indicator proximity, which is conducive to understanding the actual status of hydrogen load, evaluating the hydrogen consumption level and system performance in various fields, and helping to improve the efficiency, safety and reliability of the system.

[0063] The present invention aims to propose a method for evaluating the current status of hydrogen load, so as to better determine and compare the actual application level of hydrogen energy in specific application fields or systems, provide relevant information for the development of the hydrogen energy field, support decision-making and planning, and thus promote the further research and development and application of hydrogen load technology.

[0064] In the following, reference Figure 1 and Figure 3 Each step of the method for evaluating the current status of hydrogen load according to an embodiment of the present invention is described in detail.

[0065] The present invention proposes a method for evaluating the current status of hydrogen load. The method mainly includes the following steps: a. constructing an index system; b. processing evaluation indexes; c. determining index weights; d. solving index proximity. The overall flow chart is as follows: Figure 2 shown.

[0066] In step S101, a hydrogen load index system including multiple evaluation indicators is constructed from the dimensions of industry, electricity, transportation and heating.

[0067] Index system construction: Hydrogen has broad application prospects in the fields of electricity, transportation, industry, heating, etc. It can be used as an important medium for energy interconnection transformation, promote clean and efficient use of energy, and achieve large-scale deep decarbonization. On the basis of sorting and summarizing relevant information, based on the principles of establishing an evaluation index system, following the principles of multi-angle, comprehensive and low redundancy, referring to and learning from current research results, combined with actual development conditions, relevant indicators are selected from the four dimensions of industry, electricity, transportation, and heating to establish a scientific, feasible, flexible and objective hydrogen load status evaluation index system.

[0068] (1) Industrial field: In the industrial field, green hydrogen is an important carrier for industrial decarbonization. Relying on the rich domestic salt lake resources and good metallurgical industry foundation, green hydrogen can be used to replace gray hydrogen in multiple industrial agglomeration areas. Demonstration. Therefore, the hydrogen metallurgical ratio (hydrogen metallurgical ratio = hydrogen metallurgical hydrogen consumption / total fuel used in metallurgy), petrochemical hydrogenation ratio (petrochemical hydrogenation ratio = petrochemical hydrogenation / total fuel used in petrochemical industry) and hydrogen synthesis chemical product ratio (hydrogen synthesis chemical product ratio = synthetic chemical production hydrogen consumption / total fuel used in synthetic chemical industry) are selected as indicators for evaluating the current status of hydrogen use in the industrial field. The hydrogen metallurgical ratio refers to the proportion of hydrogen used as a reducing agent and heating medium in the metallurgical industry, and is one of the indicators for measuring the degree of hydrogen utilization in the metallurgical industry. The petrochemical hydrogenation ratio refers to the proportion of hydrogen energy used in the petrochemical hydrogenation process. The hydrogen synthesis chemical product ratio refers to the proportion of hydrogen energy used in the process of synthesizing chemical products such as ammonia and urea.

[0069] (2) Power sector: The power sector is gradually exploring and applying hydrogen energy, giving full play to the advantages of large-scale and long-term storage of hydrogen, improving the level of renewable energy consumption, and building a multi-energy integration development model of "wind, solar, gas and hydrogen storage" to improve the reliability and sustainability of power supply. Therefore, the hydrogen energy storage ratio (hydrogen energy storage ratio = hydrogen consumption for hydrogen energy storage / total energy consumption for energy storage), the number of hydrogen hybrid peak-shaving units (average hydrogen consumption for hydrogen hybrid peak-shaving units = total hydrogen consumption for hydrogen hybrid peak-shaving units / number of hydrogen hybrid peak-shaving units), the number of hydrogen energy distributed power stations (average hydrogen consumption for hydrogen energy distributed power stations = total hydrogen consumption for hydrogen energy distributed power stations / number of hydrogen energy distributed power stations) and the abandoned power hydrogen production rate of new energy power stations (abandoned power hydrogen production rate of new energy power stations = abandoned power hydrogen production of new energy power stations / total abandoned power of new energy power stations) are selected as indicators for evaluating the current status of hydrogen use in the power sector. The hydrogen energy storage ratio refers to the ratio between the energy that can be stored and released when hydrogen is stored as an energy medium, which indicates the energy storage efficiency of hydrogen in the energy storage system. Generally speaking, the higher the hydrogen energy storage ratio, the higher the energy storage and release efficiency of the system. The number of hydrogen hybrid peak-shaving units includes the sum of hydrogen-blended gas power stations and hydrogen-blended and pure hydrogen gas peak-shaving units. The former refers to a power station that mixes hydrogen with traditional gas (such as natural gas). Part of the fuel in the power station is hydrogen, while the other part is still traditional gas. By adding hydrogen, it can reduce dependence on traditional fuels and reduce carbon emissions; the latter includes hydrogen-blended gas peak-shaving units and pure hydrogen gas peak-shaving units, which can promote the sustainable development of the power system, reduce dependence on traditional fuels, reduce greenhouse gas emissions, and improve energy efficiency. At the same time, it can flexibly adjust the load to adapt to changes in the demand of the power system and improve the reliability and stability of the power system. Hydrogen energy distributed power stations refer to the conversion of hydrogen energy into electrical energy and supply electricity demand in a small range, such as industrial electricity and residential electricity. The abandoned power hydrogen production rate of new energy power stations refers to the proportion of excess electricity used by power stations for hydrogen production when the power grid is fully supplied. It can be determined by calculating the ratio between the abandoned power hydrogen production actually used by the power station and the total abandoned power.

[0070] (3) Transportation: In the transportation sector, hydrogen energy and fuel cells are important parts of the new energy vehicle revolution. With tourism, logistics, commuting, sanitation, and factory and mine transportation as key areas, hydrogen vehicles are promoted in an orderly manner. Therefore, in the transportation sector, the proportion of hydrogen vehicles (proportion of hydrogen vehicles = number of hydrogen vehicles / total number of vehicles), the number of hydrogen vehicles (average hydrogen consumption of hydrogen vehicles = total hydrogen consumption of hydrogen vehicles / number of hydrogen vehicles), the number of hydrogen fuel cell public transportation (average hydrogen consumption of hydrogen fuel cell public transportation = total hydrogen consumption of hydrogen fuel cell public transportation / number of hydrogen fuel cell public transportation) and the number of hydrogen refueling stations (average hydrogen consumption of hydrogen refueling stations = total hydrogen consumption of hydrogen refueling stations / number of hydrogen refueling stations) are selected as indicators for evaluating the current status of hydrogen load. Hydrogen vehicles refer to vehicles that use hydrogen fuel cells as a power source. They generate electricity by reacting hydrogen with oxygen to drive the electric motor to achieve vehicle operation. Compared with traditional fuel vehicles, hydrogen vehicles have advantages such as zero emissions, long driving range, and fast hydrogen refueling. The proportion of hydrogen vehicles can be determined by calculating the ratio between the sales volume of hydrogen vehicles and the total sales volume of vehicles. Hydrogen-powered public transportation vehicles refer to vehicles that use hydrogen fuel cells as a power source in the field of public transportation, including buses, intercity buses, logistics vehicles, and municipal vehicles. These vehicles generate electricity by reacting hydrogen with oxygen to drive the electric motor to operate the vehicle. Hydrogen refueling stations refer to facilities that provide hydrogen supply and refueling services, similar to traditional gas stations, and can provide fuel for hydrogen fuel cell vehicles and other hydrogen energy applications.

[0071] (4) Heating: In the heating sector, the main energy sources used include coal, gas and electricity, but these energy sources all have certain environmental and sustainability issues. Hydrogen, as a clean energy, has the characteristics of zero emissions, high energy density and renewable, and is considered to have the potential to replace traditional energy in the heating sector. Therefore, the heating sector selects the heating ratio (heating ratio = hydrogen used for heating / total amount of fuel used for heating) and the natural gas hydrogen pipeline transportation rate (natural gas hydrogen pipeline transportation rate = natural gas hydrogen pipeline hydrogen amount / total natural gas pipeline transportation) as indicators for evaluating the current status of hydrogen load. The heating ratio refers to the proportion of hydrogen heating in the heating system to all fuel heating. An efficient heating system can effectively utilize hydrogen energy and improve energy efficiency. The natural gas hydrogen pipeline transportation rate refers to the ability of the pipeline system to maintain normal transportation after adding a certain proportion of hydrogen. It can effectively utilize the existing natural gas infrastructure, reduce dependence on traditional fuels, and achieve energy diversification and sustainable development.

[0072] In summary, 12 evaluation indicators in four aspects related to hydrogen load were selected as evaluation indicators of the current status of hydrogen use, and the constructed indicator system is shown in Table 1. For example, the ratio and quantity indicators are replaced by the hydrogen consumption or average hydrogen consumption in Table 1 to facilitate expert scoring and weight calculation.

[0073] Table 1 Evaluation index system for the current status of hydrogen load

[0074]

[0075] In terms of index system construction, on the basis of sorting and summarizing relevant data, based on the principles of establishing the evaluation index system, following the principles of multi-angle, comprehensive and low redundancy, referring to and learning from current research results, combined with actual development conditions, selecting relevant indicators from four dimensions of industry, electricity, transportation and heating, and establishing a scientific, feasible, flexible and objective hydrogen load status evaluation index system. In the industrial field, the status of industrial hydrogen use can be obtained by evaluating relevant indicators such as hydrogen chemical industry and hydrogen metallurgy. Based on the evaluation results, if the hydrogen consumption efficiency is low, technical measures can be taken to improve the efficiency of hydrogen utilization, such as optimizing hydrogen production and utilization processes, and promoting energy-saving technologies; if the hydrogen substitution ratio is low, policies can be formulated to support and encourage relevant enterprises to adopt hydrogen to replace traditional energy technology and equipment to reduce dependence on traditional energy. In the power field, the status of hydrogen use in electricity can be obtained by evaluating relevant indicators such as hydrogen power generation and energy storage. Based on the evaluation results, the impact of hydrogen energy storage on the stability and reliability of the power system, as well as its effect in dealing with intermittent power generation from renewable energy, can be evaluated; at the same time, by increasing the proportion of hydrogen power generation, the power system can be transformed to clean energy and reduce dependence on traditional fossil energy. In the field of transportation, the current status of hydrogen use in transportation can be obtained by evaluating relevant indicators such as hydrogen vehicles and hydrogen refueling stations. By increasing the number of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles and hydrogen refueling stations, the popularization and sustainable development of hydrogen transportation can be promoted. Based on the evaluation results, it can help formulate hydrogen transportation subsidy policies and operation optimization measures to reduce the operating costs of hydrogen transportation and promote its long-term sustainable development. In the field of heating, the current status of hydrogen use for heating can be obtained by evaluating relevant indicators such as the hydrogen heating ratio. Based on the evaluation results, by increasing the hydrogen heating substitution ratio and the hydrogen heating ratio, the heating system can be transformed to clean energy and reduce dependence on traditional coal-fired heating.

[0076] In step S102, a plurality of evaluation indices in the hydrogen load evaluation index system are preprocessed.

[0077] refer to Figure 3 ,Evaluation index processing (data preprocessing): In order to unify the comparison standards and ensure the reliability of the results, before analyzing the data, it is necessary to perform certain processing on the original variables, that is, data standardization, to convert the original data into dimensionless and non-order-of-magnitude standardized values, eliminate the impact of different attributes between different indicators, and make the results more comparable.

[0078] (1) Normalization of evaluation indicators: The evaluation indicators selected when constructing the indicator system mainly include the following two types of indicators: one is the benefit indicator. The larger the value of this type of indicator, the better the solution; the other is the cost indicator. The smaller the value of this type of indicator, the better the solution. Formula (1) can be used to convert the cost indicator into a benefit indicator.

[0079]

[0080] In the formula, there are n indicators, m evaluation objects, x ij is the i-th evaluation object under the j-th indicator, x' ij is the i-th evaluation object under the j-th indicator after normalization.

[0081] The evaluation index includes benefit index and cost index. Preprocessing the multiple evaluation indexes in the hydrogen load evaluation index system further includes: normalizing the benefit index based on the maximum value, minimum value and benefit index of the multiple evaluation indexes:

[0082]

[0083] Based on the maximum and minimum values ​​of multiple evaluation indicators and cost indicators, the cost indicators are normalized:

[0084]

[0085] Where x ij,max 、x ij,min x ij The maximum and minimum values ​​in .

[0086] (2) Data dimensionlessness: Since there are many evaluation indicators and their units are not uniform, it is necessary to use the power coefficient method to dimensionlessly process the original data (i.e., multiple evaluation indicators). The calculation formula is as follows:

[0087]

[0088] Among them, x" ij For multiple evaluation indicators x ij After dimensionless processing, c and d are known constants.

[0089] In terms of evaluation index processing, considering that a large number of different indicator variables will be collected during the evaluation process, the nature, dimension, order of magnitude and other characteristics of each indicator are different, and it is impossible to directly compare and synthesize different indicators. Therefore, in order to unify the comparison standards and ensure the reliability of the results, it is necessary to process the original variables before analyzing the data, that is, standardize the data.

[0090] In step S103, the hydrogen load industrial index, hydrogen load power index, hydrogen load traffic index and hydrogen load heating index are calculated based on the pre-processed multiple evaluation indicators.

[0091] Specifically, the hydrogen load industrial index is obtained based on the benchmark values ​​of hydrogen used in metallurgy after pretreatment, petrochemical hydrogenation, hydrogen used in hydrogen synthesis chemical products, and hydrogen used in the industrial field; the hydrogen load power index is obtained based on the benchmark values ​​of hydrogen used in hydrogen energy storage after pretreatment, the average hydrogen used in hydrogen hybrid peak-shaving units, the average hydrogen used in hydrogen distributed power stations, the amount of hydrogen produced from abandoned electricity in new energy power stations, and hydrogen used in the power field; the hydrogen load transportation index is obtained based on the average hydrogen used in hydrogen vehicles after pretreatment, the average hydrogen used in hydrogen fuel cell public transportation, the average hydrogen used in hydrogen refueling stations, and the benchmark values ​​of hydrogen used in the transportation field; and the hydrogen load heating index is obtained based on the pretreated hydrogen used for heating, the hydrogen blended in natural gas pipelines, and the benchmark values ​​of hydrogen used in the heating field.

[0092] (1) Hydrogen-consuming industries index (HLCI I ): Hydrogen is widely used in many industrial fields, such as petrochemical, chemical, metal processing, etc. The hydrogen load industrial index mainly considers metallurgy, petrochemical and synthetic chemical industries. The specific formula is as follows:

[0093]

[0094] Where I is the benchmark value of hydrogen consumption in the industrial field, Q I The amount of hydrogen used in the industrial sector.

[0095] Q I = Hydrogen used in metallurgy + Hydrogen used in petrochemical industry + Hydrogen used in synthetic chemical products (6)

[0096] I = the maximum value of hydrogen consumption in the industrial sector in a certain region of the country / province in the starting year (7)

[0097] (2) Hydrogen Load Power Index (HLCI) E ): The hydrogen load power index mainly considers hydrogen energy storage, hydrogen peak load regulation, hydrogen power generation and hydrogen production from abandoned electricity. The specific formula is as follows:

[0098]

[0099] In the formula, E is the benchmark value of hydrogen consumption in the power sector, Q E The amount of hydrogen used in the power sector.

[0100]

[0101] E = the maximum amount of hydrogen used in the power sector in a certain region of the country / province in the starting year (10)

[0102] (3) Hydrogen Load Traffic Index (HLCI) T ): The hydrogen load traffic index mainly considers hydrogen-related vehicles and hydrogen refueling stations. The specific formula is as follows:

[0103]

[0104] Where T is the benchmark value of hydrogen consumption in the transportation sector, Q T The amount of hydrogen used in the transportation sector.

[0105] Q T = Average hydrogen consumption of hydrogen vehicles + Average hydrogen consumption of hydrogen fuel cell public transportation + Average hydrogen consumption of hydrogen refueling stations (12)

[0106] T = the maximum amount of hydrogen used in the transportation sector in a certain region of the country / province in the starting year (13)

[0107] (4) Hydrogen Load Heating Index (HLCI) H ): The hydrogen load heating index mainly considers hydrogen heating and natural gas mixed with hydrogen. The specific formula is as follows:

[0108]

[0109] Where T is the benchmark value of hydrogen consumption in the heating field, Q H The amount of hydrogen used in the heating sector.

[0110] Q H = Hydrogen used for heating + Hydrogen blended in natural gas pipeline (15)

[0111] H = the maximum amount of hydrogen used in the heating sector in a certain region of the country / province in the starting year (16)

[0112] In terms of evaluation index processing, considering that a large number of different indicator variables will be collected during the evaluation process, the nature, dimension, order of magnitude and other characteristics of each indicator are different, and it is impossible to directly compare and synthesize different indicators. Therefore, in order to unify the comparison standards and ensure the reliability of the results, it is necessary to process the original variables before analyzing the data, that is, standardize the data.

[0113] In step S104, a combined weight is obtained based on the subjective weight and objective weight of the evaluation index, and the combined weight is used for the hydrogen load industrial index, the hydrogen load power index, the hydrogen load traffic index and the hydrogen load heating index, wherein the subjective weight of the evaluation index is generated by the hierarchical analysis method and the objective weight of the evaluation index is generated by the entropy weight method.

[0114] Determination of indicator weights: At present, there are two methods for designing the weights of indicator systems, namely, subjective weighting and objective weighting. Subjective weighting methods mainly include analytic hierarchy process, relative index method, Delphi method, etc. These methods generally adopt the method of asking experts for their opinions to determine the indicator weights. The advantage of this method is that it can increase or decrease the influence of a certain evaluation indicator according to the actual situation and obtain a conclusion that is more suitable for the evaluation purpose; the disadvantage is that it relies too much on the subjective judgment of experts and scholars and is difficult to use in reality. The objective weighting method is to judge the weight by comparing the correlation between the evaluation indicators and the influence range of each evaluation indicator, so as to effectively reduce the deviation caused by subjective evaluation. Objective weighting methods mainly include entropy method, factor analysis method, principal component analysis method, etc. The entropy weight method mainly judges the proportion of each indicator based on the discreteness of the data. The more information, the lower the entropy value. Although the entropy weight method can compare the role value of entropy of relevant information of the real evaluation data, it cannot fully reflect the correlation between the data. The method of factor analysis is to transform multiple related indicators into several unrelated factors and use the thinking of dimensionality reduction to deal with the relationship between indicators, but the extracted factors often lack special socio-economic meanings.

[0115] By comparing with the above research methods, this paper adopts the AHP-entropy weight combination method to comprehensively determine the weights of evaluation indicators from both subjective and objective perspectives, and studies the current status of hydrogen load.

[0116] (1) Analytic Hierarchy Process: The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) is a systematic and hierarchical analysis method that combines qualitative and quantitative methods. The characteristic of this method is that it uses less quantitative information to make the decision-making thinking process mathematical based on in-depth research on the nature, influencing factors and internal relationships of complex decision-making problems, thereby providing a simple decision-making method for complex decision-making problems with multiple objectives, multiple criteria or unstructured characteristics. It is a model and method for making decisions on complex systems that are difficult to fully quantify.

[0117] The principle of the hierarchical analysis method is to decompose the problem into different components according to the nature of the problem and the overall goal to be achieved, and to cluster and combine the factors at different levels according to the mutual correlation and subordination between the factors to form a multi-level analysis structure model, so that the problem can ultimately be reduced to the determination of the relative importance of the lowest level (schemes and measures for decision-making, etc.) relative to the highest level (overall goal) or the ranking of the relative order of advantages and disadvantages.

[0118] The steps of the hierarchical analysis method can be roughly divided into the following four steps when using the hierarchical analysis method to construct a system model: 1) Establish a hierarchical structure model; 2) Construct a judgment (paired comparison) matrix; 3) Hierarchical single sorting and consistency test; 4) Hierarchical total sorting and consistency test. The specific steps are as follows:

[0119] Specifically, the subjective weights of evaluation indicators generated by the hierarchical analysis method include: using n evaluation indicators to evaluate m evaluation objects and obtaining the indicator matrix:

[0120]

[0121] Normalize the indicator matrix X to obtain the decision matrix Y = [y ij ] m×n ;

[0122]

[0123] After comparing n evaluation indicators pairwise, use scale a ij To quantify, a ij Refer to Table 2 below for specific values, and get the following judgment matrix A:

[0124]

[0125] Among them, ω i ,ω j Represent the i-th and j-th evaluation indicators respectively;

[0126] The following formula is used for consistency check:

[0127]

[0128]

[0129] Among them, I CI is the consistency index; max is the maximum characteristic root of the judgment matrix A; n is the matrix order; I RI is the average random consistency index, when R CR When it is less than 0.10, it means that the ranking is consistent, otherwise the judgment matrix should be adjusted. The corresponding functions provided by the auxiliary software can be used for correction. If correction is not possible, the expert can be contacted to re-score or invalid scoring results can be discarded. The larger the order of the judgment matrix, the higher the requirement for the logical consistency of the experts when giving pairwise comparison data. The smaller the order of the judgment matrix, the easier it is to meet the consistency. If there is a judgment matrix with a higher order, the order of the judgment matrix can be reduced by improving the structure of the hierarchical model (abstract high-level elements).

[0130] Based on the geometric mean of each row element in the judgment matrix A Calculate the subjective weight of the evaluation index:

[0131]

[0132]

[0133] in, is the geometric mean of the elements in each row of matrix A.

[0134] Table 2 Reference for the importance level scale between indicators

[0135]

[0136]

[0137] (2) Entropy weight method (objective weighting method)

[0138] The entropy weight method (EWM) is an explanation derived from the basic principles of information theory. Entropy was originally a state parameter in thermodynamics, used to quantify the uncertainty of information emitted by an information source, thus generating the theoretical basis for information quantification and conversion models. In information theory, entropy is understood as a measure of the degree of disorder of a system.

[0139] The entropy weight method is an objective weighting method. Compared with the subjective weighting method, the determined weights show higher accuracy and stronger objectivity. Entropy can be used to measure the amount of useful information that can be provided by collected data. In the specific use process, the entropy weight method uses information entropy to calculate the weight of each indicator according to the degree of variation of each indicator, and then corrects the weight of each indicator based on the entropy weight, so as to obtain a more objective indicator weight. Generally speaking, if the entropy weight method is used to determine the information entropy of an indicator, the larger the entropy weight, the lower its degree of variation, the less information it can provide, and the smaller the weight. Conversely, the weight of the indicator will be greater.

[0140] The specific steps of using the entropy weight method to generate the objective weight of the evaluation index are as follows:

[0141] 1) Data standardization: To facilitate the comparison between evaluation indicators of different dimensions and magnitudes, the data of each evaluation indicator is standardized. The positive indicators and negative indicators in multiple evaluation indicators are normalized separately:

[0142]

[0143]

[0144] Among them, x ij,max 、x ij,min xij The maximum and minimum values ​​in ;

[0145] Based on the normalized positive and negative indicators, the positive indicator set T1 and the negative indicator set T2 are obtained, and the proportion of the i-th evaluation object of the j-th evaluation indicator is calculated;

[0146]

[0147]

[0148]

[0149] Among them, y ij is the probability of occurrence of the i-th evaluation object under the j-th evaluation index;

[0150] 2) Rated entropy value of the jth indicator: the information entropy e of the jth indicator in the system j The definition is as follows: ij = 0, specify y ij lm ij = 0. Calculate the information entropy e of the jth evaluation index based on the probability of the i-th evaluation object appearing under the j-th evaluation index. j :

[0151]

[0152] Among them, when y ij = 0, y ij lm ij Set to 0;

[0153] The entropy weight of the evaluation index is calculated according to the information entropy of the evaluation index, that is, the objective weight Δ of the evaluation index j :

[0154]

[0155] Among them, e j is the information entropy of the j-th evaluation index.

[0156] (3) Combination weight: Based on the indicator weights calculated by AHP and entropy weight method, the combination weight is further calculated. Specifically, the combination weight is obtained based on the subjective weight and objective weight of the evaluation index. The combination weight is used for the hydrogen load industrial index, hydrogen load power index, hydrogen load traffic index and hydrogen load heating index:

[0157]

[0158] Among them, Δ j is the objective weight of the evaluation index; W jis the subjective weight of the evaluation index.

[0159] In terms of determining the weight of indicators, the subjective weighting method can increase or decrease the influence of a certain evaluation indicator according to the actual situation and obtain a conclusion that is more suitable for the evaluation purpose. The disadvantage is that it relies too much on the subjective judgment of experts and scholars; the weight determined by the objective weighting method shows higher accuracy and stronger objectivity, but it cannot fully reflect the correlation between data. Therefore, the AHP-entropy weight combination method is used to comprehensively determine the weight of the evaluation indicators from both subjective and objective perspectives, making the indicator weight more scientific and reasonable.

[0160] In step S105, a comprehensive hydrogen load index is calculated based on the hydrogen load industrial index, the hydrogen load power index, the hydrogen load traffic index and the hydrogen load heating index and their corresponding combined weights, and the index closeness is calculated based on the combined weights.

[0161] According to the indicators listed in Table 1, an index system for the current status of hydrogen load is established. The Hydrogen Load Composite Index (HLCI) is an indicator for measuring the current status of hydrogen load, which comprehensively considers the current status of hydrogen use in the industrial, power, transportation and heating fields. Use HLCI to conduct a comprehensive assessment of the current status of hydrogen use in a certain region, analyze its advantages and disadvantages through inter-provincial and intra-provincial comprehensive index comparisons, and take corresponding measures to improve it, which is conducive to the comprehensive development of the hydrogen energy industry. Among them, HLCI includes the Hydrogen Load Industrial Index (HLCI I ), Hydrogen Load Power Index (HLCI E ), Hydrogen Load Traffic Index (HLCI T ) and Hydrogen Load Heating Index (HLCI H ). The specific calculation formula is as follows:

[0162] HLCI=aHLCI I +bHLCI E +cHLCI T +dHLCI H ; (32)

[0163] Among them, HLCI I Hydrogen Load Industry Index, HLCI E Hydrogen Load Power Index, HLCI T Hydrogen Load Traffic Index and HLCI H is the hydrogen load heating index, a, b, c, d are the combined weights corresponding to the hydrogen load industrial index, hydrogen load power index, hydrogen load transportation index and hydrogen load heating index, which can reflect the importance or contribution of the index in different fields to the comprehensive index. The larger the weight, the more important the corresponding field.

[0164] HLCI can be analyzed and calculated by province or region within a province, and provincial and municipal index calculations can be carried out; index evaluation can also be carried out on a monthly, quarterly or annual basis. By comparing the comprehensive hydrogen load index of a region with that of other regions, we can understand the current status of its hydrogen load, assess its future development potential, and help formulate relevant policies and development strategies.

[0165] d. Indicator closeness solution: In order to ensure that the selected indicators can accurately reflect the characteristics and performance of the evaluated object, provide comparable data, support decision-making and improvement, solve the indicator closeness, thereby improving the accuracy and effectiveness of the evaluation. The ideal matter-element extension model has advantages in dealing with multiple factors and multiple objectives, considering uncertainty and fuzziness, being flexible and extensible, providing decision support and visualizing results, and can be effectively applied to decision analysis and evaluation.

[0166] Matter-element extension analysis is to transform the actual problems in system research into formal problem models and models that describe the problem-solving process by using matter-element models and extension sets, so as to effectively resolve contradictions, provide data for decision-making, and transform incompatible problems into compatible problems so that problems can be solved reasonably. The reliability of traditional matter-element evaluation results mainly depends on the rationality of the setting of classical domains and section domains. When the setting of the classical domain range is unreasonable, it may happen that all the evaluation objects are at the same evaluation level, and only partial ranking of the evaluation schemes can be obtained. In order to overcome this problem, the basic idea of ​​the ideal point method is cited to improve the traditional matter-element extension model. By setting positive and negative ideal matter-elements to replace the traditional classical domain, the distance between the matter-element to be evaluated and the positive and negative ideal matter-element is determined by using the closeness to replace the maximum membership criterion, and the ideal matter-element extension model is constructed.

[0167] (1) Positive and negative ideal matter-elements: In general, the selection of positive and negative ideal matter-elements can be based on expert judgment or by selecting the best and worst evaluation indicators from the matter-elements to be evaluated. j For very large indicators, If c j For a very small indicator, If c j is a moderate indicator, then If c j If is an interval indicator, From this we can get the positive ideal element R + , similarly, we can get the negative ideal element R - .

[0168] (2) Closeness: Closeness reflects the degree of closeness between the evaluated object and the standard sample. The smaller (larger) the closeness value is, the farther (closer) the distance between the two is. According to the closeness solution, the evaluation objects are sorted from large to small. The higher the ranking, the better the evaluation object is, and the better the corresponding hydrogen energy system is. The load demand, hydrogen supply capacity, distribution and utilization efficiency within the system, as well as the feasibility and performance of the system are all better. Closeness is mainly used to evaluate the evaluation object, not to adjust it. Therefore, the relative ranking between multiple evaluation objects can be determined directly according to the size of the closeness, or the positive and negative ideal elements can be divided into different levels, and the closeness of each level can be calculated to determine the quality of the evaluation object. Select asymmetric closeness as the closeness function and calculate the closeness function value:

[0169]

[0170] Among them, N, D (v j ),ψ j Respectively represent closeness, distance and weight. Based on the first distance between the object to be evaluated and the positive ideal matter-element and the combined weight, the positive closeness of the object to be evaluated and the positive ideal matter-element is calculated:

[0171]

[0172] The negative closeness between the object to be evaluated and the negative ideal matter-element is calculated based on the second distance between the object to be evaluated and the negative ideal matter-element and the combined weight:

[0173]

[0174] here The comprehensive closeness is calculated based on the positive closeness and negative closeness:

[0175]

[0176] in, is a positive ideal element R + The jth ideal element in v j is the original value of the jth evaluation index, Negative ideal matter element value R - The jth ideal element of .

[0177] In terms of solving the indicator proximity solution, the basic idea of ​​the ideal point method is used to improve the traditional matter-element extension model. By setting positive and negative ideal matter-elements to replace the traditional classical domain, the distance between the matter-element to be evaluated and the positive and negative ideal matter-element is determined by using proximity instead of the maximum membership criterion. This effectively handles uncertainty and ambiguity, avoids interference in the ranking of evaluation schemes, and better reflects the actual situation.

[0178] In step S106, the current status of the hydrogen load is determined based on the comprehensive hydrogen load index and the index closeness.

[0179] If the evaluation results show that the degree of proximity of hydrogen energy technology in a certain field is low, it means that the current status of hydrogen load in this field is poor. The follow-up measures are: (1) Formulate support policies: The government can introduce policies such as financial subsidies, tax incentives, and financial support to support the application of hydrogen energy technology to encourage enterprises to increase their investment in hydrogen energy technology; (2) Technical training and promotion: Organize practitioners in related fields to participate in hydrogen energy technology training and promotion activities to enhance their understanding and cognition of hydrogen energy technology; (3) Cooperation and information exchange: Establish cooperative relations with domestic and foreign enterprises and research institutions in the field of hydrogen energy technology in the same industry, share technical resources and experience, and promote the exchange and application of hydrogen energy technology. If the evaluation results show that the degree of proximity of hydrogen energy technology in a certain field is high, it means that the current status of hydrogen load in this field is good. The follow-up measures are: (1) Continuous improvement and optimization: Continue to deepen the application of hydrogen energy technology in related fields, promote technological innovation and improvement, and improve efficiency and cost-effectiveness. (2) Standardized management and supervision: Establish and improve the management system and supervision mechanism for the application of hydrogen energy technology to ensure that the application of technology complies with regulatory standards and safety requirements. (3) Expanding scale of application: Through policy guidance and market promotion, promote the application of hydrogen energy technology in a wider range, expand market space and industrial value. Based on the results of the proximity evaluation, take different measures to increase the application of hydrogen energy technology in related fields, achieve the replacement of traditional energy, reduce carbon emissions and environmental pollution, promote the application of hydrogen energy technology in industrial transformation and upgrading, and enhance industrial competitiveness and sustainable development capabilities.

[0180] Based on the development of the hydrogen energy industry, the embodiment of the present invention selects 12 relevant indicators from four fields, namely industry, electricity, transportation and heating, to construct an indicator system and a comprehensive index for evaluating the current status of hydrogen consumption. The evaluation indicators are standardized, the indicator weights are determined by the AHP-entropy weight combination method, and the indicator closeness is solved by the ideal matter-element extension model. This is conducive to understanding the actual status of hydrogen load, evaluating the hydrogen consumption level and system performance in various fields, and helping to improve the efficiency, safety and reliability of the system.

[0181] refer to Figure 4Another specific embodiment of the present invention discloses a device for evaluating the current status of hydrogen load, including: an index construction module 401, used to construct a hydrogen load index system including multiple evaluation indicators from the dimensions of industry, electricity, transportation and heating; a preprocessing module 402, used to preprocess multiple evaluation indicators in the hydrogen load evaluation index system; an index module 403, used to calculate the hydrogen load industrial index, hydrogen load electricity index, hydrogen load transportation index and hydrogen load heating index based on the preprocessed multiple evaluation indicators; a weight determination module 404, used to obtain a combined weight based on the subjective weight and objective weight of the evaluation indicator, The combined weight is used for the hydrogen load industrial index, the hydrogen load power index, the hydrogen load traffic index and the hydrogen load heating index, wherein the subjective weights of the evaluation indicators are generated by the hierarchical analysis method and the objective weights of the evaluation indicators are generated by the entropy weight method; and the comprehensive indicator module 405 is used to calculate the hydrogen load comprehensive index based on the hydrogen load industrial index, the hydrogen load power index, the hydrogen load traffic index and the hydrogen load heating index and the corresponding combined weights, and calculate the indicator closeness based on the combined weights; and the hydrogen load status status module 406 is used to determine the hydrogen load status based on the hydrogen load comprehensive index and the indicator closeness.

[0182] The index module 403 includes an industrial index submodule, an electric power index submodule, a traffic index submodule and a heating index submodule, wherein the industrial index submodule is used to obtain the hydrogen load industrial index based on the benchmark values ​​of hydrogen metallurgy hydrogen consumption, petrochemical hydrogenation, hydrogen synthesis chemical products hydrogen consumption and industrial hydrogen consumption; the electric power index submodule is used to obtain the hydrogen load electric power index based on the hydrogen consumption of hydrogen energy storage, the average hydrogen consumption of hydrogen hybrid peak-shaving units, the average hydrogen consumption of hydrogen distributed power stations, the abandoned power hydrogen production of new energy power stations and the benchmark value of hydrogen consumption in the electric power sector; the traffic index submodule is used to obtain the hydrogen load traffic index based on the average hydrogen consumption of hydrogen vehicles, the average hydrogen consumption of hydrogen fuel cell public transportation, the average hydrogen consumption of hydrogen filling stations and the benchmark value of hydrogen consumption in the transportation sector; and the heating index submodule is used to obtain the hydrogen load heating index based on the hydrogen consumption for heating, the hydrogen blending amount of natural gas hydrogen blending pipelines and the benchmark value of hydrogen consumption in the heating sector.

[0183] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that all or part of the processes of the above-mentioned embodiments can be implemented by instructing related hardware through a computer program, and the program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, wherein the computer-readable storage medium is a disk, an optical disk, a read-only storage memory, or a random access memory, etc.

[0184] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by any technician familiar with the technical field within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for evaluating the current status of hydrogen load, characterized in that: include: Construct a hydrogen load index system including multiple evaluation indicators from the dimensions of industry, electricity, transportation and heating; Preprocessing multiple evaluation indicators in the hydrogen load evaluation indicator system; Based on the pre-processed multiple evaluation indicators, the hydrogen load industrial index, hydrogen load power index, hydrogen load traffic index and hydrogen load heating index are calculated; Obtaining a combined weight based on the subjective weight and objective weight of the evaluation index, the combined weight is used for the hydrogen load industrial index, the hydrogen load power index, the hydrogen load traffic index and the hydrogen load heating index, wherein the subjective weight of the evaluation index is generated by using a hierarchical analysis method and the objective weight of the evaluation index is generated by using an entropy weight method; and Calculating a comprehensive hydrogen load index based on the hydrogen load industrial index, the hydrogen load power index, the hydrogen load traffic index, and the hydrogen load heating index and their corresponding combined weights, and calculating an index closeness based on the combined weights; and The current status of hydrogen load is determined based on the comprehensive hydrogen load index and the indicator closeness.

2. The method for evaluating the current status of hydrogen load according to claim 1, characterized in that: Calculating the hydrogen load industrial index, hydrogen load power index, hydrogen load traffic index and hydrogen load heating index based on the pre-processed multiple evaluation indicators further includes: The hydrogen load industrial index is obtained based on the benchmark values ​​of hydrogen metallurgy, petrochemical hydrogenation, hydrogen synthesis chemical products, and industrial hydrogen use; The hydrogen load power index is obtained based on the hydrogen consumption of hydrogen energy storage, the average hydrogen consumption of hydrogen hybrid peak-shaving units, the average hydrogen consumption of hydrogen distributed power stations, the amount of hydrogen produced by abandoned electricity in new energy power stations, and the benchmark value of hydrogen consumption in the power sector; The hydrogen load traffic index is obtained based on the average hydrogen consumption of hydrogen vehicles, the average hydrogen consumption of hydrogen fuel cell public transportation, the average hydrogen consumption of hydrogen refueling stations, and the benchmark value of hydrogen consumption in the transportation field; and The hydrogen load heating index is obtained based on the benchmark value of the amount of hydrogen used for heating, the amount of hydrogen blended in natural gas pipelines, and the amount of hydrogen used in the heating field.

3. The method for evaluating the current status of hydrogen load according to claim 1, characterized in that: The evaluation index includes benefit index and cost index, wherein preprocessing the multiple evaluation indexes in the hydrogen load evaluation index system further includes: Normalizing the benefit-type indicator based on the maximum value, the minimum value and the benefit-type indicator among the multiple evaluation indicators; Normalizing the cost-type indicator based on the maximum value, the minimum value and the cost-type indicator among the multiple evaluation indicators; The efficacy coefficient method is used to perform dimensionless processing on the multiple evaluation indicators: Among them, x i " j For the multiple evaluation indicators x ij After dimensionless processing, c and d are known constants.

4. The method for evaluating the current status of hydrogen load according to claim 2, characterized in that: Generating the subjective weight of the evaluation index using the hierarchical analysis method further includes: Use n evaluation indicators to evaluate m evaluation objects and obtain the indicator matrix: The indicator matrix X is normalized to obtain the decision matrix Y = [y ij ] m×n ; After comparing n evaluation indicators pairwise, use scale a ij After quantification, we get the following judgment matrix A: Among them, ω i ,ω j Represent the i-th and j-th evaluation indicators respectively; The following formula is used for consistency check: Among them, I CI is the consistency index; max is the maximum characteristic root of the judgment matrix A; n is the matrix order; I RI is the average random consistency index, when R CR When <0.10, it indicates that the ranking is consistent, otherwise the judgment matrix is ​​adjusted; Based on the geometric mean of each row element in the judgment matrix A Calculate the subjective weight of the evaluation index: in, is the geometric mean of the elements in each row of matrix A.

5. The method for evaluating the current status of hydrogen load according to claim 4, characterized in that: Generating the objective weight of the evaluation index using the entropy weight method further includes: Normalize the positive indicators and negative indicators in the multiple evaluation indicators respectively: Among them, x ij,max 、x ij,min x ij The maximum and minimum values ​​in ; Based on the normalized positive and negative indicators, a positive indicator set is obtained. and negative indicator set Calculate the proportion of the i-th evaluation object of the j-th evaluation indicator; Among them, y ij is the probability of occurrence of the i-th evaluation object under the j-th evaluation index; Calculate the information entropy e of the jth evaluation index based on the probability of the i-th evaluation object appearing under the j-th evaluation index j : Among them, when y ij = 0, y ij lm ij Set to 0; Calculate the objective weight Δ of the evaluation index according to the information entropy of the evaluation index j :

6. The method for evaluating the current status of hydrogen load according to claim 5, characterized in that: Obtaining the combined weight based on the subjective weight and objective weight of the evaluation index further includes: Among them, Δ j is the objective weight of the evaluation index; W j is the subjective weight of the evaluation index.

7. The method for evaluating the current status of hydrogen load according to claim 6, characterized in that: Calculating the hydrogen load comprehensive index based on the hydrogen load industrial index, the hydrogen load power index, the hydrogen load traffic index and the hydrogen load heating index and the corresponding combined weights further includes: HLCI=aHLCI I +bHLCI E +cHLCI T +dHLCI H ; Among them, HLCI I The hydrogen load industrial index, HLCI E is the hydrogen load power index, HLCI T The hydrogen load traffic index and HLCI H is the hydrogen load heating index, and a, b, c, and d are the combined weights corresponding to the hydrogen load industrial index, the hydrogen load power index, the hydrogen load traffic index, and the hydrogen load heating index, respectively.

8. The method for evaluating the current status of hydrogen load according to claim 6, characterized in that: Calculating the index closeness based on the combined weight further includes: Based on the first distance between the object to be evaluated and the positive ideal matter-element and the combined weight, the positive closeness between the object to be evaluated and the positive ideal matter-element is calculated: The negative closeness between the object to be evaluated and the negative ideal matter-element is calculated based on the second distance between the object to be evaluated and the negative ideal matter-element and the combined weight: The comprehensive closeness is calculated based on the positive closeness and the negative closeness: in, is a positive ideal element R + The jth ideal element in v j is the original value of the jth evaluation index, Negative ideal matter element value R - The jth ideal element of .

9. A device for evaluating the current status of hydrogen load, characterized in that: include: The indicator construction module is used to construct a hydrogen load indicator system including multiple evaluation indicators from the dimensions of industry, electricity, transportation and heating; A preprocessing module, used for preprocessing a plurality of evaluation indicators in the hydrogen load evaluation indicator system; An index module, used to calculate a hydrogen load industrial index, a hydrogen load power index, a hydrogen load traffic index, and a hydrogen load heating index based on a plurality of evaluation indicators after preprocessing; A weight determination module, for obtaining a combined weight based on a subjective weight and an objective weight of an evaluation index, wherein the combined weight is used for the hydrogen load industrial index, the hydrogen load power index, the hydrogen load traffic index, and the hydrogen load heating index, wherein the subjective weight of the evaluation index is generated by using a hierarchical analysis method and the objective weight of the evaluation index is generated by using an entropy weight method; as well as a comprehensive index module, for calculating a comprehensive hydrogen load index based on the hydrogen load industrial index, the hydrogen load power index, the hydrogen load traffic index, the hydrogen load heating index and their corresponding combined weights, and calculating an index closeness based on the combined weights; and The hydrogen load status module is used to determine the hydrogen load status based on the hydrogen load comprehensive index and the indicator closeness.

10. The hydrogen load status evaluation device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The index module includes an industrial index submodule, an electric power index submodule, a traffic index submodule and a heating index submodule, wherein: The industrial index submodule is used to obtain the hydrogen load industrial index based on the benchmark values ​​of hydrogen metallurgy, petrochemical hydrogenation, hydrogen synthesis chemical products and industrial hydrogen consumption; The power index submodule is used to obtain the hydrogen load power index based on the hydrogen consumption of hydrogen energy storage, the average hydrogen consumption of hydrogen hybrid peak-shaving units, the average hydrogen consumption of hydrogen distributed power stations, the amount of hydrogen produced by abandoned electricity in new energy power stations, and the benchmark value of hydrogen consumption in the power sector; The traffic index submodule is used to obtain the hydrogen load traffic index based on the average hydrogen consumption of hydrogen vehicles, the average hydrogen consumption of hydrogen fuel cell public transportation, the average hydrogen consumption of hydrogen refueling stations, and the benchmark value of hydrogen consumption in the transportation field; and The heating index submodule is used to obtain the hydrogen load heating index based on the hydrogen consumption for heating, the hydrogen blending amount in the natural gas hydrogen blending pipeline, and the benchmark value of the hydrogen consumption in the heating field.

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